FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Obenauer, PJ
Kaufman, PE
Allan, SA
Kline, DL
AF Obenauer, P. J.
Kaufman, P. E.
Allan, S. A.
Kline, D. L.
TI Host-Seeking Height Preferences of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)
in North Central Florida Suburban and Sylvatic Locales
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE mosquitoes; traps; surveillance; vertical distribution; semiochemicals
ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; ADULT MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION;
CHIKUNGUNYA-VIRUS; FEEDING PATTERNS; BAITED TRAPS; INFECTION; AEGYPTI;
SURVEILLANCE; RATES
AB The response of Aedes albopictus to the BG-Sentinel, Omni-directional-Fay-Prince, and Mosquito MagnetX traps was evaluated in four suburban and four sylvatic habitats in north-central Florida to ascertain potential height preference of this species. These traps, which are primarily designed to attract diurnal mosquitoes, were set at 1 and 6 m and were evaluated during 40 trapping periods over 4 mo. We collected 45,640 mosquitoes, representing 26 species from 10 genera, the most common being Aedes albopictus, Ae. vexans, Coquilletidia perturbans, Cidex nigripalpus, Aedes infirmatus, Ae. triseriatus, and Psorophora ferox. Although significantly more Ae, albopictus were captured at 1 m above ground than at 6 m, fewer were captured in sylvatic habitats than suburban habitats. Although not statistically different, the BG-Sentinel caught more Ae. albopictus compared with the other two traps regardless of locate. These results suggest that, although Ae. albopictus was captured as high as 6 m, the majority seek hosts at or below 1-m heights. This further supports prior research that, although Ae. albopictus has been shown to disseminate West Nile virus, it has not been implicated as a major vector for the virus, which is likely because of its propensity to feed on ground-dwelling hosts. The study also shows how trap type, trap heights, and environments influence sampling estimates when determining species abundance.
C1 [Obenauer, P. J.; Kaufman, P. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Allan, S. A.; Kline, D. L.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
RP Obenauer, PJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, POB 110620,Bldg 970,Nat Area Dr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM pjoben@ufl.edu
NR 39
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 6
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-2585
J9 J MED ENTOMOL
JI J. Med. Entomol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 4
BP 900
EP 908
DI 10.1603/033.046.0424
PG 9
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 465XQ
UT WOS:000267623800025
PM 19645296
ER
PT J
AU Li, WB
Abad, JA
French-Monar, RD
Rascoe, J
Wen, AM
Gudmestad, NC
Secor, GA
Lee, IM
Duan, YP
Levy, L
AF Li, Wenbin
Abad, Jorge A.
French-Monar, Ronald D.
Rascoe, John
Wen, Aimin
Gudmestad, Neil C.
Secor, Gary A.
Lee, Ing-Ming
Duan, Yongping
Levy, Laurene
TI Multiplex real-time PCR for detection, identification and quantification
of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' in potato plants with zebra
chip
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bactericera cockerel; Phloem-limited bacterium; alpha-proteobacteria
ID UNITED-STATES; DNA AMPLIFICATION; DISEASE; CITRUS; PHYTOPLASMA; MEXICO
AB The new Liberibacter species, 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso) recently associated with potato/tomato psyllid-transmitted diseases in tomato and capsicum in New Zealand, was found to be consistently associated with a newly emerging potato zebra chip (ZC) disease in Texas and other southwestern states in the USA. A species-specific primer LsoF was developed for both quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and conventional PCR (cPCR) to detect and quantify Lso in infected samples. In multiplex qPCR, a plant cytochrome oxidase (COX)-based probe-primer set was used as a positive internal control for host plants, which could be used to reliably access the DNA extraction quality and to normalize qPCR data for accurate quantification of the bacterial populations in environment samples. Neither the qPCR nor the cPCR using the primer and/or probe sets with LsoF reacted with other Liberibacter species infecting citrus or other potato pathogens. The low detection limit of the multiplex qPCR was about 20 copies of the target 16S rDNA templates per reaction for field samples. Lso was readily detected and quantified in various tissues of ZC-affected potato plants collected from fields in Texas. A thorough but uneven colonization of Lso was revealed in various tissues of potato plants. The highest Lso populations were about 3 x 10(8) genomes/g tissue in the root, which were 3-order higher than those in the above-ground tissues of potato plants. The Lso bacterial populations were normally distributed across the ZC-affected potato plants collected from fields in Texas, with 60% of ZC-affected potato plants harboring an average Lso population from 10(5) to 10(6) genomes/g tissue, 4% of plants hosting above 10(7) Lso genomes/g tissue. and 8% of plants holding below 10(3) Lso genomes/g tissue. The rapid. sensitive, specific and reliable multiplex qPCR showed its potential to become a powerful tool for early detection and quantification of the new Liberibacter species associated with potato ZC, and will be very useful for the potato quarantine programs and seed potato certification programs to ensure the availability of clean seed potato stocks and also for epidemiological studies on the disease. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Li, Wenbin; Levy, Laurene] USDA, Natl Plant Germplasm & Biotechnol Lab, APHIS, PPQ,CPHST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Abad, Jorge A.] USDA, Plant Germplasm Quarantine Program, APHIS, PPQ,PHP,PSPI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[French-Monar, Ronald D.] Texas A&M, Plant Pathol & Microbiol, AgriLife Extens, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA.
[Rascoe, John] USDA, Mol Diagnost Lab, APHIS, PPQ,PHP, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Wen, Aimin; Gudmestad, Neil C.; Secor, Gary A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Lee, Ing-Ming] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Duan, Yongping] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
RP Li, WB (reprint author), USDA, Natl Plant Germplasm & Biotechnol Lab, APHIS, PPQ,CPHST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Wenbin.Li@aphis.usda.gov
NR 29
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U1 2
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 78
IS 1
BP 59
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.04.009
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 463RU
UT WOS:000267450500010
PM 19409423
ER
PT J
AU Abou-Zeid, KA
Oscar, TP
Schwarz, JG
Hashem, FM
Whiting, RC
Yoon, K
AF Abou-Zeid, Khaled A.
Oscar, Thomas P.
Schwarz, Jurgen G.
Hashem, Fawzy M.
Whiting, Richard C.
Yoon, Kisun
TI Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Listeria
monocytogenes Scott A as a Function of Temperature, pH, and Commercial
Mixture of Potassium Lactate and Sodium Diacetate
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE L. monocytogenes Scott A; polynomial model; model validation; potassium
lactate/diacetate mixture; temperature
ID COOKED MEAT-PRODUCTS; MICROBIAL-GROWTH; SMOKED SALMON; NA-LACTATE;
SURVIVAL; BROTH; ATMOSPHERE; MOISTURE; CHLORIDE; BOLOGNA
AB The objective of this study was to develop and validate secondary models that can predict growth parameters of L. monocytogenes Scott A as a function of concentrations (0-3%) of a commercial potassium lactate (PL) and sodium diacetate (SDA) mixture, pH (5.5-7.0), and temperature (4-37 degrees C). A total of 120 growth curves were fitted to the Baranyi primary model that directly estimates lag time (LT) and specific growth rate (SGR). The effects of the variables on L. monocytogenes Scott A growth kinetics were modeled by response surface analysis using quadratic and cubic polynomial models of the natural logarithm transformation of both LT and SGR. Model performance was evaluated with dependent data and independent data using the prediction bias (B(f)) and accuracy factors (A(f)) as well as the acceptable prediction zone method [percentage of relative errors (%RE)]. Comparison of predicted versus observed values of SGR indicated that the cubic model fits better than the quadratic model, particularly at 4 and 10 degrees C. The B(f) and A(f) for independent SGR were 1.00 and 1.08 for the cubic model and 1.08 and 1.16 for the quadratic model, respectively. For cubic and quadratic models, the %REs for the independent SGR data were 92.6 and 85.7, respectively. Both quadratic and cubic polynomial models for SGR and LT provided acceptable predictions of L. monocytogenes Scott A growth in the matrix of conditions described in the present study. Model performance can be more accurately evaluated with B(f) and A(f) and % RE together.
C1 [Abou-Zeid, Khaled A.; Schwarz, Jurgen G.; Hashem, Fawzy M.; Yoon, Kisun] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Ctr Food Sci & Technol, USDA ARS, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA.
[Oscar, Thomas P.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, USDA ARS, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA.
[Yoon, Kisun] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Seoul 130701, South Korea.
[Whiting, Richard C.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Yoon, K (reprint author), Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Ctr Food Sci & Technol, USDA ARS, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA.
EM ksyoon@khu.ac.kr
FU JIFSAN (Joint Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition)
FX Funding for this study was provided by the JIFSAN (Joint Institute of
Food Safety and Nutrition). Thanks are extended to PURAC America Inc.
for providing PURASAL P Opti. Form 4 for this study.
NR 28
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U1 0
U2 5
PU KOREAN SOC MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
PI SEOUL
PA KOREA SCI TECHNOL CENTER #507, 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL
135-703, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1017-7825
J9 J MICROBIOL BIOTECHN
JI J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 7
BP 718
EP 726
DI 10.4014/jmb.0809.534
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 476OV
UT WOS:000268452800013
PM 19652521
ER
PT J
AU Lemay, DG
Rijnkels, M
German, JB
AF Lemay, Danielle G.
Rijnkels, Monique
German, J. Bruce
TI Lessons from the Bovine Genome: Implications for Human Nutrition and
Research
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID EVOLUTION; MILK; CATTLE
C1 [Lemay, Danielle G.; German, J. Bruce] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Rijnkels, Monique] USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[German, J. Bruce] Nestle Res Ctr, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
RP Lemay, DG (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM dglemay@ucdavis.edu
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 139
IS 7
BP 1271
EP 1272
DI 10.3945/jn.109.107656
PG 2
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 462JC
UT WOS:000267346900001
PM 19420348
ER
PT J
AU Paul, L
Cattaneo, M
D'Angelo, A
Sampietro, F
Fermo, I
Razzari, C
Fontana, G
Eugene, N
Jacques, PF
Selhub, J
AF Paul, Ligi
Cattaneo, Marco
D'Angelo, Armando
Sampietro, Francesca
Fermo, Isabella
Razzari, Cristina
Fontana, Gessica
Eugene, Nindra
Jacques, Paul F.
Selhub, Jacob
TI Telomere Length in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Is Associated with
Folate Status in Men
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID MTHFR C677T POLYMORPHISM; FOLIC-ACID DEFICIENCY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS;
SHORTENED TELOMERES; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; MARGINAL
FOLATE; MITOTIC CLOCK; STRAND BREAKS; DNA-DAMAGE
AB Human chromosomes are capped by telomeres, which consist of tandem repeats of DNA and associated proteins. The length of the telomeres is reduced with increasing cell divisions except when the enzyme telomerase is active, as in stem cells and germ cells. Telomere dysfunction has been associated with development of age-related pathologies, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. DNA damage in the telomeric region causes attrition of telomeres. Because folate provides precursors for nucleotide synthesis and thus affects the integrity of DNA, including that of the telomeric region, folate status has the potential to influence telomere length. Telomere length is epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation, which in turn could be modulated by folate status. In this study, we determined whether folate status and the 677C > T polymorphism of the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene are associated with the telomere length of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy men. The results of our study showed that plasma concentration of folate was associated with telomere length of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a nonlinear manner. When plasma folate concentration was above the median, there was a positive relationship between folate and telomere length. In contrast, there was an inverse relationship between folate and telomere length when plasma folate concentration was below the median. The MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism was weakly associated (P=0.065) with increased telomere length at below-median folate status. We propose that folate status influences telomere length by affecting DNA integrity and the epigenetic regulation of telomere length through DNA methylation. J. Nutr. 139: 1273-1278, 2009.
C1 [Paul, Ligi; Eugene, Nindra; Jacques, Paul F.; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Cattaneo, Marco; Razzari, Cristina; Fontana, Gessica] Univ Milan, Osped San Paolo, Med Clin, I-20142 Milan, Italy.
[D'Angelo, Armando; Sampietro, Francesca; Fermo, Isabella] Ist Sci San Raffaele, I-20132 Milan, Italy.
RP Paul, L (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM ligi.paul_pottenplackel@tufts.edu
OI d'angelo, armando/0000-0002-9857-4509; Cattaneo,
Marco/0000-0002-7343-4534
FU USDA [2005-35200-15296, 58-1950-7-707, 51520-008-04S]
FX Supported by USDA grant no. 2005-35200-15296 and USDA cooperative
agreement no. 58-1950-7-707 and 51520-008-04S. Any opinions, findings,
conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those
of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA.
NR 51
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 139
IS 7
BP 1273
EP 1278
DI 10.3945/jn.109.104984
PG 6
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 462JC
UT WOS:000267346900002
PM 19458030
ER
PT J
AU Noel, SE
Newby, PK
Ordovas, JM
Tucker, KL
AF Noel, Sabrina E.
Newby, P. K.
Ordovas, Jose M.
Tucker, Katherine L.
TI A Traditional Rice and Beans Pattern Is Associated with Metabolic
Syndrome in Puerto Rican Older Adults
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; HISPANIC
WHITE ELDERS; DIETARY PATTERNS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE;
INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLYCEMIC INDEX; CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION;
SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
AB The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was similar to 50% for Puerto Rican elders living in Massachusetts. Diet is known to be associated with metabolic syndrome. Little information exists regarding the dietary intakes of Puerto Ricans. We aimed to characterize the dietary patterns of 1167 Puerto Ricans (45-75 y) using principal components analysis and to further examine associations with metabolic syndrome. Factor solutions were examined for robustness using a random split sample. Adjusted means for metabolic syndrome components were calculated for factor quintiles. Logistic regression models examined associations between factors, metabolic syndrome, and its components. Analyses were also performed excluding subjects with diabetes. "Meat and French fries," "traditional," and "sweets" patterns emerged as most meaningful. A meat and French fries pattern was associated with higher blood pressure (systolic P-trend = 0.03 and diastolic < 0.001) and waist circumference (P-trend = 0.04). The traditional pattern was associated with lower HDL concentrations (P-trend = 0.007) and a higher likelihood of metabolic syndrome [odds ratio (OR): 1.7, 95% Cl: 1.04, 2.7]). The sweets pattern was associated with lower HDL concentrations (P-trend < 0.001) and higher waist circumference P-trend < 0.05). After excluding individuals with diabetes, the sweets pattern was no longer associated with fasting serum glucose and was associated with metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.8, 95% Cl: 1.03, 3.3). Dietary patterns were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and its components. More research is needed to make appropriate nutritional recommendations for this high-risk population. J. Nutr. 139: 1360-1367, 2009.
C1 [Noel, Sabrina E.; Ordovas, Jose M.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Newby, P. K.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM katherine.tucker@tufts.edu
RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010;
OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680
FU NIH [5P01-AG023394]; USDA [58-1950-7-707]
FX Supported by NIH 5P01-AG023394 and by the USDA, Agricultural Research
Service agreement no. 58-1950-7-707.
NR 50
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 139
IS 7
BP 1360
EP 1367
DI 10.3945/jn.109.105874
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 462JC
UT WOS:000267346900016
PM 19458029
ER
PT J
AU Mahler, GJ
Shuler, ML
Glahn, RP
AF Mahler, Gretchen J.
Shuler, Michael L.
Glahn, Raymond P.
TI Characterization of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cocultures in an in vitro
digestion/cell culture model used to predict iron bioavailability
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Caco-2; HT29-MTX; Mucin, Mucus layer; Iron bioavailability; In vitro
digestion
ID MUCUS GEL LAYER; CELLULAR UPTAKE; GASTRIC MUCUS; ASCORBIC-ACID;
ABSORPTION; TRANSPORT; ADHERENT; MUCIN; THICKNESS; HUMANS
AB Cocultures of two human cell lines, Caco-2 and HT29-MTX mucus-producing cells, have been incorporated into an in vitro digestion/cell culture model used to predict iron bioavailability. A range of different foods were subjected to in vitro digestion, and iron bioavailability from digests was assessed with Caco-2, Caco-2 overlaid with porcine mucin, HT29-MTX or cocultures of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX at varying ratios. It was found that increasing the ratio of HT29-MTX cells decreased the amount of ferritin formed and resulted in an overall decline in the ability of the model to detect differences in iron bioavailability. At the physiologically relevant ratios of 90% Caco-2/10% HT29-MTX and 75% Caco-2/25% HT29-MTX, however, a mucus layer completely covered the cell monolayer and the in vitro digestion model was nearly as responsive to changes in sample iron bioavailability as pure Caco-2 cultures. The in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model correlates well with human iron bioavailability studies, but, as mucus appears to play a role in iron absorption, the addition of a physiologically realistic mucus layer and goblet-type cells to this model may give more accurate iron bioavailability predictions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mahler, Gretchen J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Shuler, Michael L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Glahn, Raymond P.] ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Mahler, GJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM gjm23@comell.edu
FU Nanobiotechnology Center (NBTC); National Science Foundation
[ECS-9876771]; New York State Office of Science, Technology and Academic
Research (NYSTAR)
FX This work was supported by the Nanobiotechnology Center (NBTC), an STC
Program of the National Science Foundation, under Agreement No.
ECS-9876771, and the New York State Office of Science, Technology and
Academic Research (NYSTAR) program through a grant to MLS as a NYSTAR
Distinguished Professor. The HT29-MTX cell line was kindly contributed
by Dr. Thecla Lesuffleur of INSERM U560 in Lille, France. Technical
support was provided by Mary Bodis, Pei Pei Cheng and Zhiqiang Cheng.
NR 38
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U1 2
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0955-2863
J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM
JI J. Nutr. Biochem.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 20
IS 7
BP 494
EP 502
DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.05.006
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 464KM
UT WOS:000267503800002
PM 18715773
ER
PT J
AU Tsang, TW
Kohn, M
Chow, CM
Singh, MF
AF Tsang, Tracey W.
Kohn, Michael
Chow, Chin Moi
Singh, Maria Fiatarone
TI A Randomized Controlled Trial of Kung Fu Training for Metabolic Health
in Overweight/Obese Adolescents: The "Martial Fitness" Study
SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
DE adolescent; obesity; clinical trial; placebo; exercise; metabolic
outcomes
ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; OBESE CHILDREN; INFLAMMATORY
MARKERS; MUSCULAR STRENGTH; BODY-COMPOSITION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; AEROBIC
FITNESS; RISK-FACTORS; WEIGHT-LOSS
AB Twenty overweight/obese adolescents underwent six months of Kung Fu or placebo (Tai Chi) training, 3x.wk(-1). Outcomes included fasting insulin and insulin resistance, lipids, glucose and HbA(1c), and C-reactive protein (CRY). CRY decreased significantly (p = 0.03) in both groups over time at six months. Although insulin sensitivity did not change, HbA(1c) tended to decrease over time (p = 0.09), again with no group difference (p = 0.60). Reduced CRP was related to increased upper body strength (p = 0.01). Increased lean body mass was related to reductions in HbA(1c), insulin resistance, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Improvements in lean body mass appear to have a potential role in favorable metabolic outcomes, independent of changes in fat mass. Further research in this area is warranted before definite conclusions can be drawn about the efficacy of martial arts training for metabolic outcomes in this cohort.
C1 [Tsang, Tracey W.; Chow, Chin Moi; Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Hlth & Performance Fac, Res Grp, Fac Hlth Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Kohn, Michael] Childrens Hosp, Ctr Res Adolescent Hlth, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
[Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA USA.
[Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Tsang, TW (reprint author), Sydney Childrens Hosp, Ctr Childrens Canc & Blood Disorders, Level 1,High St, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.
EM Tracey.Tsang@unsw.edu.au
RI Tsang, Tracey/J-4399-2012; Chow, Chin Moi/B-2971-2013
OI Tsang, Tracey/0000-0002-3753-5506; Chow, Chin Moi/0000-0001-9916-9882
FU Departments of Adolescent Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, and Pathology at
The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Faculty of Health Sciences at The
University of Sydney (Cumberland)
FX This trial was supported by the Departments of Adolescent Medicine,
Nuclear Medicine, and Pathology at The Children's Hospital at Westmead;
and funded by The Faculty of Health Sciences at The University of Sydney
(Cumberland). This work was performed as part of the requirements for
TWT's Ph.D. at The University of Sydney, Australia. The primary author
was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award scholarship, awarded
by the Commonwealth Government of Australia, and The University of
Sydney, Australia. We thank Dennis Keiser and Keiser Sports Health, Inc.
(Fresno, CA, USA) for their donation to the University of the K400
Electronics for muscle function testing.
NR 54
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U1 2
U2 9
PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD
PI TEL AVIV
PA PO BOX 35010, TEL AVIV 61350, ISRAEL
SN 0334-018X
J9 J PEDIATR ENDOCR MET
JI J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 22
IS 7
BP 597
EP 607
PG 11
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics
GA 488WJ
UT WOS:000269380700004
ER
PT J
AU Zoellner, J
Powers, A
Avis-Williams, A
Ndirangu, M
Strickland, E
Yadrick, K
AF Zoellner, Jamie
Powers, Alicia
Avis-Williams, Amanda
Ndirangu, Murugi
Strickland, Earline
Yadrick, Kathy
TI Compliance and Acceptability of Maintaining a 6-Month Pedometer Diary in
a Rural, African American Community-Based Walking Intervention
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE pedometry; community-based research; physical activity; health promotion
ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS; CULTURAL ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION;
MISSISSIPPI DELTA; WOMEN; RESIDENTS; ACCURACY; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY;
EXERCISE; PROGRAM
AB Background: Limited research has been done on the compliance and acceptability of maintaining pedometer diaries for an extensive time frame in community-based interventions targeting minority populations. Methods: Community "coaches" led participants in a 6-month community-based walking intervention that included wearing pedometers and maintaining pedometer diaries for the study duration. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA tests were used to evaluate compliance rates for maintaining diaries and daily step counts. After the intervention, focus groups were used to explore opinions regarding pedometers. Audiotapes were transcribed and evaluated using systematic content analysis. Results: The 8 coaches and 75 enrolled walking participants were primarily African American (98%) women (94%). Overall, the group (N = 83) submitted 85% of all possible pedometer diaries and recorded 73% of all possible daily step counts. Walking-group members were significantly (P < .01) more compliant if their coach was also compliant. Identified benefits of wearing pedometers and maintaining diaries outnumbered the barriers. Participants were enthusiastic about wearing the pedometers and indicated that the weekly diaries provided a source of motivation. Conclusions: This research suggests pedometer diaries are a viable intervention tool and research method for community-based physical activity interventions targeting African Americans and highlights the need for social support to promote pedometer diary compliance.
C1 [Zoellner, Jamie; Avis-Williams, Amanda; Yadrick, Kathy] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Nutr & Food Syst, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Powers, Alicia] Furman Univ, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Greenville, SC 29613 USA.
[Ndirangu, Murugi] Georgia State Univ, Div Nutr, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
[Strickland, Earline] ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA.
RP Zoellner, J (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Nutr & Food Syst, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
RI Loureiro, Nuno/I-6400-2012
OI Loureiro, Nuno/0000-0002-1166-3219
NR 43
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 4
PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA
SN 1543-3080
J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH
JI J. Phys. Act. Health
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 4
BP 475
EP 482
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 622LD
UT WOS:000279664400011
PM 19842462
ER
PT J
AU Barba, M
Hadidi, A
AF Barba, M.
Hadidi, A.
TI RNA SILENCING AND VIROIDS
SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Gene silencing; TGS; PTGS; viroid pathogenicity; viroid evolution;
Citrus exocortis viroid; Potato spindle tuber viroid; Peach latent
mosaic viroid; Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid
ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INFECTED TOMATO PLANTS; SHORT-INTERFERING RNAS;
GENE; ACCUMULATION; DROSOPHILA; CELLS; PATHOGENICITY; EXPRESSION;
SUBSTRATE
AB Viroids are autonomously replicating, small single-stranded circular RNA molecules that do not code for proteins and may cause disease in infected, Susceptible plants. Viroids have the ability to induce both RNA-mediated transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in infected plants. Viroid PTGS has also been demonstrated in a wheat germ extract system. A possible role of gene silencing in viroid pathogenicity and evolution has been proposed.
C1 [Barba, M.] CRA, Ctr Ric Patol Vegetale, I-00156 Rome, Italy.
[Hadidi, A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Barba, M (reprint author), CRA, Ctr Ric Patol Vegetale, Via CG Bertero 22, I-00156 Rome, Italy.
EM marina.barba@entecra.it
FU NATO [SFP 981023]
FX We would like to thank Dr. Teruo Sano, Dr. Rosemarie W, Hammond, and Dr.
Moshe Barjoseph for reviewing the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Vicki
Vance for information on gene silencing in plants. This work was
supported by NATO grant SFP 981023.
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU EDIZIONI ETS
PI PISA
PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY
SN 1125-4653
J9 J PLANT PATHOL
JI J. Plant Pathol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 91
IS 2
BP 243
EP 247
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 470MA
UT WOS:000267977600001
ER
PT J
AU Caesar-TonThat, TC
Lartey, RT
Solberg-Rodier, LL
Caesar, AJ
AF Caesar-TonThat, T. C.
Lartey, R. T.
Solberg-Rodier, L. L.
Caesar, A. J.
TI EFFECTS OF BASIDIOMYCETE LACCASE ON CERCOSPORIN
SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN-GENERATING PHOTOSENSITIZERS; SINGLET-OXYGEN; TRAMETES-VERSICOLOR;
SYNTHETIC DYES; FUNGAL TOXIN; SUGAR-BEET; LEAF-SPOT; BETICOLA;
DECOLORIZATION; RESISTANCE
AB Cercosporin is a perylenequinone pigment produced by fungi in the genus Cercospora which under light generates reactive oxygen species causing membrane damage and mortality of living cells. Our objectives were to demonstrate that fungal laccase, a lignolytic copper-containing enzyme, can degrade cercosporin and reduce cercosporin toxicity toward living cells. Cercosporin from Cercospora beticola and Cercospora bayi was treated with laccase from basidiomycete fungi (Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor) in the dark and under constant light. Under these conditions the absorbance of the cercosporin decreased at 220, 279 and 295-500 nm within 10 min of reaction with laccase from either R ostreatus or T versicolor, indicating that basidiomycete laccase can induce changes in UV-visible spectra of cercosporin. The LIVE/DEAD (R) Bac Light (TM) VIABILITY kit and fluorescent microscopy showed more viable E. coli cells after incubation under light with cercosporin and laccase than with cercosporin alone. Lesions were apparent on sugar beet leaves exposed to cercosporin under light after 48 h, but leaves exposed to cercosporin and laccase showed visibly less damage. These data suggest that laccase from basidiomycete fungi can decrease the toxic effect of cercosporin toward microorganisms and plant tissue.
C1 [Caesar-TonThat, T. C.; Lartey, R. T.; Solberg-Rodier, L. L.; Caesar, A. J.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA.
RP Caesar-TonThat, TC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA.
EM thecan.caesar@ars.usda.gov
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU EDIZIONI ETS
PI PISA
PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY
SN 1125-4653
J9 J PLANT PATHOL
JI J. Plant Pathol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 91
IS 2
BP 347
EP 355
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 470MA
UT WOS:000267977600009
ER
PT J
AU Davidson, RA
Davidson, CF
Roa-Espinosa, A
AF Davidson, R. A.
Davidson, C. F.
Roa-Espinosa, A.
TI Linear anionic polyacrylamide as an effective post-fire soil treatment:
Understanding the chemistry and physical science
SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Burn Area Emergency Rehabilitation; erosion; hydrophobic; polyacrylamide
(PAM); post-fire soil treatment; revegetation
ID RAINFALL CONDITIONS; FURROW EROSION; SEDIMENT YIELD; STEEP SLOPES;
INFILTRATION; IRRIGATION; RUNOFF; PAM
AB Controlling erosion, reestablishing vegetation, and overcoming the negative effects of hydrophobic soils has long been a challenge following catastrophic wildfire on forested lands and rangelands. A three-year controlled study was recently completed to compare polyacrylamide soil treatment to the traditional cover method using agricultural straw on high severity burned soils of the Red Bull Fire, which burned through the Uinta National Forest near Provo, Utah, in July and August of 2004. Weed five, recycled paper pellets containing polyacrylamide were found to be an effective Burn Area Emergency Rehabilitation treatment option on clay rich soils containing divalent cations (i.e., Ca(2+)) within the soil matrix. This study showed aerial application of the granular polyacrylamide pellets resulted in all even distribution of the polymer-based product On the Soil Surface. Through water activation, a blend of water-soluble linear anionic polyacrylamide copolymers are slowly released, which bind with the soil particles, structurally stabilizing the soil. When compared to agricultural straw, polyacrylamide results show improved revegetation, reduced soil hydrophobicity, and reduced soil erosion.
C1 [Davidson, R. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Provo, UT USA.
[Davidson, C. F.] Weber State Univ, Dept Chem, Ogden, UT 84408 USA.
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 5
PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC
PI ANKENY
PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA
SN 0022-4561
J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV
JI J. Soil Water Conserv.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 64
IS 4
BP 243
EP 252
DI 10.2489/jswc.64.4.243
PG 10
WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 486AB
UT WOS:000269166600006
ER
PT J
AU Kok, H
Papendick, RI
Saxton, KE
AF Kok, H.
Papendick, R. I.
Saxton, K. E.
TI STEEP: Impact of long-term conservation farming research and education
in Pacific Northwest wheatlands
SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE conservation adoption; erosion; impact assessment; Pacific Northwest;
special research grants
ID WEED MANAGEMENT; CROPPING SYSTEMS; TILLAGE; REGION; ECONOMICS; YIELD
AB Erosion took a serious toll of prime topsoil from wheat fields in the Pacific Northwest United States since farming began in the 1870s. By the mid-1900s, it had become a serious environmental and economic threat to the region that produces world-record rain-fed grain yields and almost 13% of the US wheat crop. Of significance is that 80% of the nation's specialty soft white wheat is grown here for food grain, of which 90% is exported. To combat the severe erosion, wheat growers, the experiment stations, and the USDA in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington joined forces in 1975 to develop a multidisciplinary program named Solutions to Environmental and Economic Problems (STEEP). For more than 30 years, it has proved itself I national landmark in effective conservation farming research and education. The basic strategy was a systems approach that addressed all facets of farming from planting to harvesting in multi-year rotations. Its primary goal was to reduce soil erosion from the region's 3.3 x 10(6) ha (8.2 x 10(6) ac), consisting of highly productive but considerably steep cropland. Through the successful development and implementation of improved conservation technology and farming systems by the tri-state STEEP effort, regional soil loss rates averaging 45 Mg ha(-1) y(-1) (20 tn ac(-1) yr(-1)) were reduced over the 30 years to a tolerable 11 Mg ha(-1) y(-1) (5 tn ac(-1) yr(-1)) or less. In addition, financial returns to wheat growers using the conservation systems are equal or have increased, and long-term benefits to soil, water, and air quality have improved. A conservative estimate shows that the investment cost of saving soil and improving water quality was less than $0.50 ha(-1) y(-1) ($0.20 ac(-1) yr(-1)) over the life of STEEP Though STEEP can boast success, much more is needed to preserve and protect the Northwest environment, natural resources, and productivity to ensure that agriculture is fully sustainable for the future. Ongoing solutions are needed to resolve emerging issues relating to greenhouse gas emissions, carbon storage, energy costs, and other farm inputs that can affect agricultural health. Its proven success provides strong assurance that STEEP can deal with future challenges relating to changes in farm policy, economics, technology, and sociological issues. This paper documents the extent that program goals were achieved and qualitative estimates of return from money invested.
C1 [Kok, H.; Papendick, R. I.; Saxton, K. E.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Kok, H.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
RP Kok, H (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 14
PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC
PI ANKENY
PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA
SN 0022-4561
J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV
JI J. Soil Water Conserv.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 64
IS 4
BP 253
EP 264
DI 10.2489/jswc.64.4.253
PG 12
WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 486AB
UT WOS:000269166600007
ER
PT J
AU Truman, CC
Shaw, JN
Flanagan, DC
Reeves, DW
Ascough, JC
AF Truman, C. C.
Shaw, J. N.
Flanagan, D. C.
Reeves, D. W.
Ascough, J. C., II
TI Conservation tillage to effectively reduce interrill erodibility of
highly-weathered Ultisols
SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE best management practices; modeling; runoff; simulated rainfall; soil
erosion; WEPP
ID SOIL LOSS; SIMULATED RAINFALL; SEDIMENT YIELD; SURFACE RUNOFF; WEPP;
INFILTRATION; COTTON; EROSION; INTENSITY; SYSTEMS
AB Highly weathered Southeastern soils traditionally cropped under conventional tillage systems are drought-prone and susceptible to runoff and soil loss. We quantified differences in infiltration, runoff, soil loss, and interrill erodibilities (K(i)) for three soils: Compass loamy sand, Decatur silt loam, and Tifton loamy sand managed under conventional- (CT), strip- (ST), and/or no-till (NT) systems with and without a residue cover (rye [Secale cerale L.]) (+C/-C) and with and without paratilling (+P/-P). Duplicate plots (1 m(2) [similar to 10 ft(2)]) on each tillage treatment received simulated rainfill (50 turn h(-1) [2 in hr(-1)] for two hours). Runoff and sediment yields were continuously measured, and K(i) values were Calculated from measured data. The Water Erosion Prediction project (WEPP) model was used to extend experimental data to long-term annual trends. For the Compass soil, NT-C plots increased runoff by as much as 43% and sediment yields by as much as 10-fold compared to NT+C plots. The NT+P+C plots decreased runoff by as much as 70% and sediment yields by 24-fold compared to CT-P-C. For the Decatur soil, NT+P plots decreased runoff by as much as 71% and sediment yields by as much as 2.7-fold compared to NT-P plots. The NT+P+C plots. decreased runoff by as much as 73% and sediment yields by as much as 11.8-fold compared to CT-P-C. For the Tifton sod, ST+P+C plots decreased runoff by as much as 44% and sediment yields by as much as 2.7-fold compared to CT-P-C plots. Calculated K(i) values for the Compass, Decatur, and Tifton soils were 0.37, 0.40, and 0.24, respectively. Residue cover decreased effective interrill erodibilities (K(ieff)) values by 11%, 2-fold, and 2.6-fold for the Decatur, Tifton, and Compass soils, respectively; Paratilling decreased K(ieff) values by 3-fold for the Compass and Decatur soils. The NT and/or ST systems had lower K(ieff) values than K(i). values from corresponding CT-P-C treatments (Compass = 4- to 37-fold; Decatur = 4- t. 13-fold;Tifton = 2-fold). Converting from a CT to a NT or ST system reduced predicted runoff (Compass 1.7-fold; Decatur = 10% to 17%;Tifton = 1.6- to 2.3-fold) and sediment yields (Compass 10- to 12-fold; Decatur = 6- to 33-fold;Tifton = 7.3- to 12.1-fold). The Most benefit of NT or ST, as quantified by the maximum difference in 100-year predicted runoff and sediment yields, was for the Compass (78%) and Tifton (75%) soils for runoff and for the Compass (10.3-fold) and Decatur soils (9.7-fold) for sediment. Conservation tillage systems (NT, ST) Coupled with surface residue cover and/or paratilling are effective in reducing runoff and sediment yields from highly-weathered soils by lowering effective K(i) values.
C1 [Truman, C. C.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Shaw, J. N.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Flanagan, D. C.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Reeves, D. W.] USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA USA.
[Ascough, J. C., II] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
RP Truman, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 11
PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC
PI ANKENY
PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA
SN 0022-4561
J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV
JI J. Soil Water Conserv.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 64
IS 4
BP 265
EP 275
DI 10.2489/jswc.64.4.265
PG 11
WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 486AB
UT WOS:000269166600008
ER
PT J
AU Wang, S
Johnson, JA
Hansen, JD
Tang, J
AF Wang, S.
Johnson, J. A.
Hansen, J. D.
Tang, J.
TI Determining thermotolerance of fifth-instar Cydia pomonella (L.)
(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Amyelois transitella (Walker)
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by three different methods
SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cydia pomonella; Amyelois transitella; Heating block; Quarantine;
Thermal mortality
ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; THERMAL-DEATH KINETICS; RADIO-FREQUENCY TREATMENTS;
CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; HOT-WATER IMMERSION; IN-SHELL WALNUTS; INSECT
MORTALITY; HEATING RATE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; FLIES DIPTERA
AB Thermotolerances of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and navel orange-worm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were determined using two water-immersion methods and one dry-heat method. The two water-immersion methods were: 1) directly immersing screen tubes containing test insects in hot water (direct immersion method) and 2) immersing in hot water solid copper tubes containing insects submerged in tap water (tube immersion method). The dry heating method involved heating insects in computer-controlled heating blocks (heating block system, or HBS). Each test insect was treated at three temperature-time combinations and exposures were adjusted so that each method received the same equivalent accumulated lethal time. In five of the six tests, the HBS provided the lowest mean insect mortality among the three methods, although no statistically significant differences were observed between the direct immersion and the HBS methods. The mean insect mortality obtained with the tube immersion method was significantly higher than that from the direct immersion method and the HBS in four and three of the six temperature-time combinations, respectively. When compared with the two water-immersion methods, the HBS method yielded lower mortality data with less variation at the same mortality level, resulting in more conservative treatment recommendations. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, S.; Tang, J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Johnson, J. A.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
[Hansen, J. D.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Tang, J (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 213 LJ Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM jtang@wsu.edu
RI Wang, Shaojin/C-4968-2012; Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009
OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004
FU USDA-NRI [2005-35503-16223]; USDA-CSREES [2008-34103-19091]; Washington
State University IMPACT Center
FX This research was supported by grants from USDA-NRI (2005-35503-16223),
USDA-CSREES (2008-34103-19091), and Washington State University IMPACT
Center. We thank Drs. F. H. Arthur and L. G. Neven for reviewing this
manuscript and providing constructive suggestions.
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-474X
J9 J STORED PROD RES
JI J. Stored Prod. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 184
EP 189
DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2009.01.001
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 463SW
UT WOS:000267453400006
ER
PT J
AU Stuff, JE
Goh, ET
Barrera, SL
Bondy, ML
Forman, MR
AF Stuff, Janice E.
Goh, Eugenia T.
Barrera, Stephanie L.
Bondy, Melissa L.
Forman, Michele R.
TI N-Nitroso Compounds: Assessing Agreement between Food Frequency
Questionnaires and 7-Day Food Records
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CHILDHOOD BRAIN-TUMORS; RISK-FACTORS; STATISTICAL-METHODS; ESOPHAGEAL
CANCER; NORTHEAST CHINA; GASTRIC-CANCER; DIET; NITROSAMINES;
CONSUMPTION; NUTRIENTS
AB Background N-nitroso compounds are recognized as important dietary carcinogens. Accurate assessment of N-nitroso intake is fundamental to advancing research regarding its role with cancer. Previous studies have not used a quantitative database to estimate the intake of these compounds in a US population.
Objective To address this gap, a database of N-nitroso values was developed in conjunction with an existing food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). In this article we report on the relative validity of the FFQ instrument modified to estimate intake of N-nitroso compounds.
Design Intake estimates of 23 N-nitroso compounds from the FFQ were compared with those from 7-day food records in a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2005 through June 2006.
Subjects A sample of 98 healthy adult subjects (aged 50.42 +/- 12.84 years) completed an FFQ and then recorded foods and beverages consumed on 7-day food records.
Results Crude and energy-adjusted N-nitroso compounds intakes were significantly higher in the FFQ than the 7-day food records (P < 0.001). Spearman correlations for crude and energy-adjusted N-nitroso intakes ranged from 0.004 to 0.48. By tertiles of N-nitiroso compounds, there was moderate agreement (kappa > 0.30) for five compounds. Higher estimates of N-nitroso compounds by FFQ was explained by a greater proportion of subjects who reported eating foods high in N-nitroso compounds on FFQ than reported on 7-day food records.
Conclusion The modified FFQ with N-nitroso values is a useful tool for assessing N-nitroso intakes relative to a group, and captures all food items with N-nitroso compounds, including those foods with high concentrations and eaten sporadically. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109:1179-1183.
C1 [Stuff, Janice E.; Goh, Eugenia T.] USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Barrera, Stephanie L.; Bondy, Melissa L.; Forman, Michele R.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Stuff, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM jstuff@bcm.tmc.edu
FU NCI NIH HHS [R03 CA103515-01, R03 CA103515, R01 CA070917, R01CA070917]
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA
SN 0002-8223
J9 J AM DIET ASSOC
JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 109
IS 7
BP 1179
EP 1183
DI 10.1016/j.jada.2009.04.006
PG 5
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 468UE
UT WOS:000267847400014
PM 19559134
ER
PT J
AU Carithers, TC
Talegawkar, SA
Rowser, ML
Henry, OR
Dubbert, PM
Bogle, ML
Taylor, HA
Tucker, KL
AF Carithers, Teresa C.
Talegawkar, Sameera A.
Rowser, Marjuyua L.
Henry, Olivia R.
Dubbert, Patricia M.
Bogle, Margaret L.
Taylor, Herman A., Jr.
Tucker, Katherine L.
TI Validity and Calibration of Food Frequency Questionnaires Used with
African-American Adults in the Jackson Heart Study
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID DIETARY MEASUREMENT ERROR; CAROTENOID CONCENTRATIONS; MISSISSIPPI DELTA;
WOMENS HEALTH; VALIDATION; CANCER; ENERGY; COHORT; REPRODUCIBILITY;
ASSESSMENTS
AB Objective To examine the relative validity of two food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) developed for use in investigating diet and disease relationships within the adult African-American population in the southern United States.
Design Cross-sectional analyses of dietary nutrient intake data, comparing four 24-hour dietary recalls with an FFQ developed by the Lower Mississippi Delta Nutrition. Intervention Research Initiative, and its shorter version adapted for use in the Jackson Heart Study.
Subjects A representative subset of participants (n=499, aged 35 to 81 years) from the baseline Jackson Heart Study cohort (N=5,302) was selected for this study. Data collection took place between winter 2000 and spring 2004.
Statistical analyses Pearson's correlation coefficients (energy adjusted and de-attenuated) for 26 nutrients estimates from each of the FFQs, comparing them with the mean of four 24-hour dietary recalls. The ability of the FFQs to rank individuals based on nutrient intakes was compared to that of the mean of four 24-hour dietary recalls and attenuation coefficients were also calculated.
Results Median nutrient intake estimates tended to be higher on the long and lower on the short FFQ compared to the median for the mean of four 24-hour dietary recalls. Energy adjusted and deattenuated correlations of FFQ intake estimates with recalls ranged from 0.20 for sodium to 0.70 for carbohydrate for the short FFQ and from 0.23 for polyunsaturated fat to 0.75 for dietary fiber and magnesium for the long. Attenuation coefficients for men on average were 0.42 for the short and 0.49 for the long FFQ. For women, these were 0.31 for the short and 0.42 for the long FFQ.
Conclusions Both FFQs appear to be reasonably valid for assessment of dietary intake of adult African Americans in the South. The Lower Mississippi Delta Nutrition Intervention Research Initiative FFQ exhibited higher intake estimates and stronger correlations with recalls than the Jackson Heart Study FFQ for most nutrients analyzed, more so for women than men. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109:1184-1193.
C1 [Talegawkar, Sameera A.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Dept, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Carithers, Teresa C.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Family & Consumer Sci, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Rowser, Marjuyua L.] Alcorn State Univ, Dept Human Sci, Coll Agr & Appl Sci, Alcorn, MS USA.
[Taylor, Herman A., Jr.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Dubbert, Patricia M.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Med, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Bogle, Margaret L.] USDA ARS, Delta NIRI, Little Rock, AR USA.
RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Dept, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM Katherine.tucker@tufts.edu
RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010;
OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01 HC095171, N01-HC-95170, N01-HC-95171, N01-HC-95172]
NR 57
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA
SN 0002-8223
J9 J AM DIET ASSOC
JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 109
IS 7
BP 1184
EP 1193
DI 10.1016/j.jada.2009.04.005
PG 10
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 468UE
UT WOS:000267847400015
PM 19559135
ER
PT J
AU Liu, CK
Latona, NP
Lee, J
Cooke, PH
AF Liu, Cheng-Kung
Latona, Nicholas P.
Lee, Joseph
Cooke, Peter H.
TI MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF LEATHER LOOSENESS AND ITS EFFECTS ON
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID FIBROUS COLLAGEN MATERIAL; ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; RESISTANCE; ENERGY
AB Looseness is a very troublesome issue regarding the structure of leather as well as the final leather product. It is a great concern to tanners who will go to great lengths to address it by adding different chemicals. However, its fine structure and effects oil the mechanical properties are not fully understood. This Investigation was devoted to gaining a better understanding of looseness based oil microscopic observations of Its fibrous structure and its effects oil mechanical properties such as tensile strength and toughness. Microscopic Studies showed visible gap between the interstitial layer and the corium layer in the loose leather. Moreover, the grain showed a sheet-like structure, whereas in normal leather, the grain layer is tightly packed together and the fiber bundles seem to be Much smaller than the loose leather. Mechanical property Studies showed looseness leads to a decrease In toughness. However, measurements also showed there is little change in tensile strength and elongation. Moreover, viscoelasticity studies showed that loose leather has very similar stress relaxation curves as tight leather. Both leathers demonstrated a rapid decrease in stress for the first few seconds followed by a much slower decay thereafter. The loose leather, nevertheless, has a greater initial stress than the tight leather, indicating a higher stiffness than tight leather. This Study has provided a better understanding of looseness, which will lead to the development of measures to correct this defect such as adding fillers to the leather.
C1 [Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas P.; Lee, Joseph; Cooke, Peter H.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Liu, CK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM ChengKung.Liu@ars.usda.gov
NR 12
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC
PI LUBBOCK
PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA
SN 0002-9726
J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS
JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 104
IS 7
BP 230
EP 236
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 471DP
UT WOS:000268035500001
ER
PT J
AU Moser, BR
AF Moser, Bryan R.
TI Comparative Oxidative Stability of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters by
Accelerated Methods
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiesel; Differential scanning calorimetry; EN 14112; Fatty acid
methyl ester; Fatty acid ethyl ester; Induction period; Oxidation;
Rancimat
ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; METHYL SOYATE BIODIESEL; FUEL
PROPERTIES; VEGETABLE-OILS; AUTOXIDATION KINETICS; SOYBEAN OIL; INDEX
OSI; DSC; ANTIOXIDANTS; TEMPERATURE
AB Several fatty acid alkyl esters were subjected to accelerated methods of oxidation, including EN 14112 (Rancimat method) and pressurized differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC). Structural trends elucidated from both methods that improved oxidative stability included decreasing the number of double bonds, introduction of trans as opposed to cis unsaturation, location of unsaturation closer to the ester head group, and elimination of hydroxyl groups. Also noticed with EN 14112 was an improvement in oxidative stability when a larger ester head group was utilized. Methyl esters that contained ten or less carbons in the fatty acid backbone were unacceptable for analysis at 110 A degrees C (EN 14112) due to excessive sample evaporation. With respect to PDSC, a correlation was noticed in which the oxidation onset temperature (OT) of saturated fatty esters increased with decreasing molecular weight (R (2) 0.7328). In the case of the monounsaturates, a very strong inverse correlation was detected between molecular weight and OT (R (2) 0.9988), which was in agreement with EN 14112. Lastly, a strong direct correlation (R (2) 0.8759) was elucidated between OT and oil stability index (OSI, EN 14112, 80 A degrees C). The correlation was not as strong (R (2) 0.5852) between OSI obtained at 110 A degrees C and OT.
C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Moser, BR (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM Bryan.Moser@ars.usda.gov
NR 37
TC 66
Z9 70
U1 2
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0003-021X
J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 86
IS 7
BP 699
EP 706
DI 10.1007/s11746-009-1376-5
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 461TX
UT WOS:000267295900011
ER
PT J
AU Elfving, DC
Auvil, TD
Castillo, F
Drake, SR
Kunzel, H
Kupferman, EM
Lorenz, B
McFerson, JR
Reed, AN
Sater, C
Schmidt, TR
Visser, DB
AF Elfving, Don C.
Auvil, Thomas D.
Castillo, Felipe
Drake, Stephen R.
Kuenzel, Heidi
Kupferman, Eugene M.
Lorenz, Barbara
McFerson, James R.
Reed, A. Natan
Sater, Chris
Schmidt, Tory R.
Visser, Dwayne B.
TI Effects of Preharvest Applications of Ethephon and 1-MCP to 'Bing' Sweet
Cherry on Fruit Removal Force and Fruit Quality
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID (2-CHLOROETHYL)PHOSPHONIC ACID; GROWTH-REGULATORS; 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE;
ABSCISSION; ETHYLENE; HARVEST; CITRUS; FRESH; SOUR
AB Preharvest application of ethephon to 'Bing' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) trees consistently reduced fruit removal force (FRF) but also reduced fruit flesh firmness at Commercial harvest. Treatment resulted in only minor effects On Soluble solids concentration and titratable acidity. Red color development in fruit skin and flesh was stimulated by ethephon in some seasons. Pedicel color showed little response to ethephon and there were no effects of any treatment on fruit size. Holding sampled fruit for one or two weeks in cold storage typically resulted in fruits with higher firmness, possibly due to dehydration. Ethephon increased gum formation (gummosis) on treated trees in some, but not all, seasons. Applications of 1-MCP to sweet cherry trees within 3 days of ethephon treatment in 2003 counteracted ethephon-induced flesh firmness loss without inhibiting the reduction in FRF, but this response could not be reproduced in the following three years, despite the inclusion of various experimental sprayable formulations of 1-MCP at various concentrations, timings, spray volumes, types of sprayers and use of surfactants or other additives. Ethephon-induced changes in fruit quality may take place via pathways not regulated by 1-MCP binding or, on the other hand, binding of 1-MCP to active sites may be transitory or insufficient to initiate such changes.
C1 [Elfving, Don C.; Kupferman, Eugene M.; Sater, Chris; Visser, Dwayne B.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA.
[Auvil, Thomas D.; Castillo, Felipe; McFerson, James R.; Schmidt, Tory R.] Washington Tree Fruit Res Commiss, Wenatchee, WA USA.
[Drake, Stephen R.] ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA USA.
[Reed, A. Natan] AgroFresh, Spring House, PA USA.
RP Elfving, DC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA.
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC
PI UNIVERSITY PK
PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA
SN 1527-3741
J9 J AM POMOL SOC
JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 63
IS 3
BP 84
EP 100
PG 17
WC Agronomy; Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 479UZ
UT WOS:000268688100001
ER
PT J
AU Bassett, MJ
Miklas, PN
AF Bassett, Mark J.
Miklas, Phillip N.
TI Blue Pattern Flower in Common Bean Expressed by Interaction of Prp(i)-2
with a New Gene t(bP)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Phaseolus vulgaris; inheritance; genetic linkage; multiple allelism;
epistasis
ID SEED-COAT COLOR
AB The inheritance of blue pattern flower (BPF) expression was investigated in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The BPF trait was derived from accession line G07262, and the flowers express blue banner petal and white wings with blue veins. Crosses between a BPF stock and three other parents, t p(mic) long micropyle stripe BC3 5-593, t z Fib arcus BC4 5-593, and t Z bip(ana) Fib marginata BC3 5-593, all segregated in F-2 for BPF or white flowers in a 9:7 ratio, respectively. Progeny tests in F-3 from two of the crosses supported the hypothesis that two complementary dominant genes control BPF expression and permitted a genetic linkage estimate of cM = 32.4 +/- 7.91 map units between p(mic) and one of the two genes for BPF. A cross between t z fib virgarcus BC3 5-593 and T Prp(i)-2 V BC2 5-593 demonstrated that t Prp(i)-2 did not express BPF. Two crosses, T Prp(i)-2 VBC2 5-593 t p(mic) BC3 5-593 and 5-593 x a BPF stock, segregated in F-2 for plants expressing BPF in a 3/16 frequency. The combined data demonstrated that a new gene, t(bP) (bp = blue pattern), interacts with Prp(i)-2 to express BPF and that P is linked with Prp(i)-2 by 32 map units. The dominance order at the T locus is T> t(bP) > t. The pedigree source of the t(bP) gene and the heterogeneity of PI 632736 (t p(mic) long micropyle stripe BC3 5-593) are discussed.
C1 [Bassett, Mark J.] Univ Florida, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Miklas, Phillip N.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
RP Bassett, MJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM mark@righteousindignation.com
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 134
IS 4
BP 423
EP 427
PG 5
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 613WV
UT WOS:000279015900004
ER
PT J
AU Ma, HM
Olsen, R
Pooler, M
Kramer, M
AF Ma, Hongmei
Olsen, Richard
Pooler, Margaret
Kramer, Matthew
TI Evaluation of Flowering Cherry Species, Hybrids, and Cultivars Using
Simple Sequence Repeat Markers
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Prunus; germplasm; genetic diversity; molecular; plant breeding;
ornamental
ID PRUNUS-PERSICA L.; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
CHLOROPLAST DNA; SWEET CHERRY; SSR MARKERS; PEACH; ORIGIN; BATSCH; PCR
AB Flowering cherries belong to the genus Prunus, consisting primarily of species native to Asia. Despite the popularity of ornamental cherry trees in the landscape, most ornamental Prunus planted in the United States are derived from a limited genetic base of Japanese flowering cherry taxa. A diverse collection of ornamental Prunus germplasm is maintained at the U.S. National Arboretum as part of an ongoing flowering cherry improvement program, but the genetic backgrounds of many trees are unclear. We characterized this germplasm using five simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs, including one chloroplast primer pair. These primers generated 140 unique alleles that were used to assess genetic relationships among species, hybrids, and cultivars in this collection. We found that these markers followed expected Mendelian inheritance from parents to progeny in controlled hybridizations. In general, species clustered according to published taxonomic groupings, including a distinct separation of the ornamental cherries (Prunus subgenus Cerasus section Pseudocerasus) from other subgenera. Individual accessions of several taxa did not cluster with other samples of the species, indicating possible misidentification or interspecific combinations. The resulting information will be useful in guiding decisions on breeding methodology and germplasm preservation.
C1 [Ma, Hongmei; Olsen, Richard; Pooler, Margaret] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Uni, Washington, DC 20002 USA.
[Kramer, Matthew] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Pooler, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Uni, 3501 New York Ave NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA.
EM Margaret.Pooler@ars.usda.gov
FU J. Frank Schmidt Family Charitable Trust (Boring, OR)
FX This research was supported in part by the J. Frank Schmidt Family
Charitable Trust (Boring, OR).
NR 43
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 134
IS 4
BP 435
EP 444
PG 10
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 613WV
UT WOS:000279015900006
ER
PT J
AU Volk, GM
Richards, CM
Henk, AD
Reilley, AA
Reeves, PA
Forsline, PL
Aldwinckle, HS
AF Volk, Gayle M.
Richards, Christopher M.
Henk, Adam D.
Reilley, Ann A.
Reeves, Patrick A.
Forsline, Philip L.
Aldwinckle, Herb S.
TI Capturing the Diversity of Wild Malus orientalis from Georgia, Armenia,
Russia, and Turkey
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE apple; microsatellite; genetic diversity; core collection
ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; CORE COLLECTION; VENTURIA-INAEQUALIS;
MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; SCAB RESISTANCE; APPLE; SIEVERSII; IDENTIFICATION;
MARKERS
AB Seeds from wild Mains orientalis trees were collected during explorations to Armenia (2001, 2002), Georgia (2004), Turkey (1999), and Russia (1998). Seedling orchards with between eight and 171 individuals from each collection location were established at the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Plant Genetic Resources Unit (PGRU) in Geneva, NY. Genotypic (seven microsatellite markers) and disease resistance data were collected for the 776 M. orientalis trees. The genetic diversity of the 280 individuals from Armenia and Georgia was compared with data previously published for the M. orientalis individuals from Russia and Turkey. A total of 106 alleles were identified in the trees from Georgia and Armenia and the average gene diversity ranged from 0.47 to 0.85 per locus. The genetic differentiation among sampling locations was greater than that found between the two countries. Six individuals from Armenia exhibited resistance to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), and cedar apple rust (Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae). The allelic richness across all loci in the individuals from Armenia and Georgia was statistically the same as that across all loci in the individuals from Russia and Turkey. A core set of 27 trees was selected to capture 93% of the alleles represented by the entire PGRU collection of 776 M. orientalis trees. This core set representing all four countries was selected based on genotypic data using a modified maximization algorithm. The trees selected for the M. orientalis core collection will be added to the main field collection at the PGRU.
C1 [Volk, Gayle M.; Richards, Christopher M.; Henk, Adam D.; Reilley, Ann A.; Reeves, Patrick A.] USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Forsline, Philip L.] USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA.
[Aldwinckle, Herb S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA.
RP Volk, GM (reprint author), USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM Gayle.Volk@ars.usda.gov
RI Richards, Christopher/A-8328-2013;
OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079; Reeves,
Patrick/0000-0001-9991-1397
FU ServiceNational Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State
Research, Education, and Extension [2005-00751]
FX Received for publication 3 June 2009. Accepted for publication 12 Aug.
2009. This project was partially supported by the National Research
Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and
Extension Service (grant number 2005-00751).
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 134
IS 4
BP 453
EP 459
PG 7
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 613WV
UT WOS:000279015900008
ER
PT J
AU Galli, F
Archbold, DD
Pomper, KW
AF Galli, Federica
Archbold, Douglas D.
Pomper, Kirk W.
TI Pawpaw Fruit Chilling Injury and Antioxidant Protection
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE regular atmosphere storage; ethylene; respiration; glutathione;
ascorbate; phenolics
ID PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS;
LOW-TEMPERATURE; COLD-STORAGE; SALICYLIC-ACID; TOMATO FRUITS;
METABOLISM; ASCORBATE; PLANTS
AB Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) fruit stored longer than 4 weeks at 4 degrees C fail to ripen normally and may develop internal discoloration, indicative of chilling injury (CI). To determine if loss of antioxidant protection in the fruit tissue during cold storage could be the cause of these problems, the levels of total, reduced, and oxidized glutathione and ascorbate and the key enzymes glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle were studied in fruit at 4 and 72 h after harvest and after 2,4,6, and 8 weeks of 4 degrees C storage. The total phenolic level was also studied due to its potential antioxidant role, and the activity of polyphenoloxidase (PPO) was assayed, as it may contribute to phenolic oxidation and tissue browning. Fruit ethylene production and respiration rates were in typical climacteric patterns during ripening after harvest and after up to 4 weeks of cold storage, increasing from 4 to 72 h after removal from cold storage, though maximum ethylene production declined after 2 weeks of cold storage. However, fruit showed higher respiration rates at 4 versus 72 h of ripening at 6 or 8 weeks of cold storage, opposite to that at earlier storage dates, possible evidence of Cl. Ripening after harvest generally resulted in an increase in total and reduced glutathione, reduced ascorbate, and total phenolics. However, levels of total and reduced glutathione, total ascorbate, and total phenolics declined as storage time progressed. Neither GR nor APX exhibited changes during ripening or trends over the cold storage period. PPO activity increased as the storage period lengthened. Thus, the declining ability of these components of the protective antioxidant systems during the prolonged stress of low temperature storage may be one of the major causes of pawpaw CI limiting it to 4 weeks or less of cold storage. An increase in reactive oxygen species with prolonged storage, coupled with the increase in PPO activity, may have led to greater oxidative damage and been a major cause of the loss of ripening potential and the tissue browning that occurs in fruit stored for more than 4 weeks.
C1 [Galli, Federica; Archbold, Douglas D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Hort, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Pomper, Kirk W.] Kentucky State Univ, Atwood Res Facil, USDA Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Asimina Spp, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA.
RP Archbold, DD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Hort, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
EM darchbol@uky.edu
FU USDA-NRI [2001-35503-10775]
FX Received for publication 19 Feb. 2009. Accepted for publication 29 May
2009. This research was funded by USDA-NRI Grant 2001-35503-10775.
NR 41
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 134
IS 4
BP 466
EP 471
PG 6
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 613WV
UT WOS:000279015900010
ER
PT J
AU Knoepp, JD
Elliott, KJ
Clinton, BD
Vose, JM
AF Knoepp, Jennifer D.
Elliott, Katherine J.
Clinton, Barton D.
Vose, James M.
TI Effects of prescribed fire in mixed oak forests of the southern
Appalachians: forest floor, soil, and soil solution nitrogen responses
SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE fire; forest floor consumption; nitrogen; restoration
ID PINE-HARDWOOD STANDS; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; HERBACEOUS LAYER; CARBON;
POOLS; TRANSFORMATIONS; REGENERATION; ECOSYSTEMS; MOUNTAINS; DYNAMICS
AB KNOEPP, J. D., K. J. ELLIOTT, B. D. CLINTON, AND J. M. VOSE (Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 3160 Coweeta Lab Rd, Otto, NC 28763). Effects of prescribed fire in mixed oak forests of the southern Appalachians: forest floor, soil, and soil solution nitrogen responses. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 136: 380-391. 2009-We examined nutrient cycling responses to prescribed fire on three sub-mesic, mixed-oak sites located in the Blue Ridge Physiographic province of the southern Appalachian Mountains: Alarka Laurel Branch (AL), Robin Branch (RB), and Roach Mill Branch (RM). Each study site was located within a sub-watershed that drained a first order stream. Our objective was to quantify the effects of prescribed burning on forest floor mass, nitrogen and carbon pools; and soil and soil water available nitrogen. Each site included a burned. and unburned control area; both burned and control areas were sampled before and after burning. Within each plot, we sampled forest floor mass, carbon and nitrogen, soil and soil solution nitrate (NO(3)-N) and ammonium (NH(4)-N) concentrations before and after the prescribed burns. All prescribed Fires were conducted in the dormant season and were low to moderate intensity. All sites lost a significant amount of forest floor mass due to burning; 82 to 91% of the Oi layer and 26 to 46% of the Oe + Oa layer. Soil NH(4)-N concentrations increased in surface soils (0-5 cm) only, immediately after burning, but return to pre-burn levels by mid-summer. Burning had no measurable effect on soil solution inorganic nitrogen concentrations. Low levels of solution NO(3)-N and NH(4)-N after burning and no change in stream NO(3)-N concentrations indicated that no inorganic nitrogen was lost from these sites.
C1 [Knoepp, Jennifer D.; Elliott, Katherine J.; Clinton, Barton D.; Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, So Res Stn, USDA, Otto, NC 28763 USA.
RP Elliott, KJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, So Res Stn, USDA, 3160 Coweeta Lab Rd, Otto, NC 28763 USA.
EM kelliott@fs.fed.us
FU Join Fire Science Program [05-2-1-29]; National Science Foundation;
National Science Foundation, Division of Environmental Biology
[DEB-0823293]
FX This research was partially funded by the Join Fire Science Program
(Project no. 05-2-1-29) and Coweeta Long-term Ecological Research
program through National Science Foundation, Division of Environmental
Biology DEB-0823293. Special thanks to the Wayah Ranger District,
Nantahala National Forest and the Tallulah Ranger District.,
Chattahoochee National Forest for implementing the prescribed fires. We
would also like to thank Patsy Clinton, Chris Sobek, Duane Foster who
assisted in sample collection and Dr. Mary Arthur, Dr. Shibo Jose and
two anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments on the manuscript.
The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader
information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S Department of
Agriculture of any product or set-vice.
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 5
U2 24
PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 1095-5674
J9 J TORREY BOT SOC
JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 136
IS 3
BP 380
EP 391
DI 10.3159/08-RA-052.1
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 508HG
UT WOS:000270920500011
ER
PT J
AU Fuller, HL
Harcourt, AH
Parks, SA
AF Fuller, H. L.
Harcourt, A. H.
Parks, S. A.
TI Does the population density of primate species decline from centre to
edge of their geographic ranges?
SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biogeography; centre-edge gradient; disturbance; primates; spatial
analysis
ID SPATIAL VARIATION; ABUNDANCE; COMMUNITY; RARITY; MACROECOLOGY;
DISTURBANCE; ECOLOGY; ORDER
AB It has long been suggested that species might exhibit their highest densities at the centre of their geographic range and decline in density towards their range limits. If true, this pattern would have important implications for ecological theory and for conservation management. However, empirical support for this pattern remains equivocal. Furthermore, most research on this topic has emphasized temperate taxa, as is true of much of ecology. Therefore. we here test for a decline in population density from centre to edge of the geographic range of a tropical taxon, primates. In the literature we found data on 30 species and 27 genera from a total of 115 studies with duration of at least 3 mo. Mixed-effects linear models and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank tests indicated no centre-edge gradient in primate densities. However, densities were significantly lower in more disturbed sites, independent of position in the geographic range.
C1 [Harcourt, A. H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Fuller, H. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Parks, S. A.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA.
RP Harcourt, AH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM ahharcourt@ucdavis.edu
NR 39
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 11
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0266-4674
J9 J TROP ECOL
JI J. Trop. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 25
BP 387
EP 392
DI 10.1017/S0266467409006063
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 461CR
UT WOS:000267242600004
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JD
Stallknecht, DE
Berghaus, RD
Swayne, DE
AF Brown, Justin D.
Stallknecht, David E.
Berghaus, Roy D.
Swayne, David E.
TI Infectious and lethal doses of H5N1 highly pathogenic Avian influenza
virus for house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and rock pigeons (Columbia
livia)
SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian influenza virus; Columba livia; H5N1; highly pathogenic avian
influenza; house sparrows; infectious dose; Passer domesticus; rock
pigeons; susceptibility
ID HONG-KONG; INFLUENZA-VIRUS-A/CHICKEN/INDONESIA/2003 H5N1; ASIAN LINEAGE;
WILD BIRDS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DUCKS; PATHOBIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION;
INOCULATION; GEESE
AB Terrestrial wild birds commonly associated with poultry farms have the potential to contribute to the spread of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus within or between poultry facilities or between domesticated and wild bird populations. This potential, however, varies between species and is dependent on several virus and host factors, including habitat utilization, susceptibility, and viral shedding patterns. To provide data oil susceptibility and shedding patterns of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and rock pigeons (Columba livia), 20 birds from each species were inoculated with decreasing concentrations of A/whooper swan/Mongolla/244/05 (H5N1) HPAI virus, and the birds were evaluated for morbidity, mortality, viral shedding, and seroconversion over a 14-day trial. The house sparrows were highly susceptible to the H5N1 HPAI virus as evidenced by low infectious and lethal viral doses. In addition, house sparrows excreted virus via the oropharynx and cloaca for several days prior to the onset of clinical signs. Based oil these results, house sparrows could play a role in the dissemination of H5N1 HPAI virus in poultry. In contrast, pigeons were resistant to the HPAI virus, requiring a high concentration of virus to produce infection or death. When infection did occur, the duration of viral shedding was brief, and viral titers were low. The data suggests that pigeons would contribute little to the transmission and spread of H5N1 HPAI virus in poultry.
C1 [Brown, Justin D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Swayne, David E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Brown, JD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Wildlife Hlth Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jubrown1@uga.edu
FU Morris Animal Foundation [D05ZO107]; ARS CRIS [6612-32000-048-00D];
Specific Cooperative Agreement [58-6612-2-0220]; Southeastern
Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study member state and federal agencies
FX The authors thank Joan Beck, James Doster, and Kira Moresco for
technical assistance; Jay Cumbee and Ben Wilcox for assistance in
acquiring house sparrows and pigeons; and Kevin Keel for assistance in
preparation of the microscopic images. Funding for this work was
provided by the Morris Animal Foundation (D05ZO107), the ARS CRIS
project No. 6612-32000-048-00D, the Specific Cooperative Agreement No.
58-6612-2-0220 between the Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory and the
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, and through the
continued sponsorship of Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study
member state and federal agencies.
NR 29
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U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC
PI TURLOCK
PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA
SN 1040-6387
J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST
JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 21
IS 4
BP 437
EP 445
PG 9
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 470EQ
UT WOS:000267958200004
PM 19564491
ER
PT J
AU Loiacono, CM
Thomsen, BV
Hall, SM
Kiupel, M
Sutton, D
O'Rourke, K
Barr, B
Anthenill, L
Keane, D
AF Loiacono, Christie M.
Thomsen, Bruce V.
Hall, S. Mark
Kiupel, Matti
Sutton, Diane
O'Rourke, Katherine
Barr, Bradd
Anthenill, Lucy
Keane, Delwyn
TI Nor98 scrapie identified in the United States
SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Histopathology; Nor98; PrP immunolabeling; scrapie; sheep
ID ATYPICAL SCRAPIE; PRION PROTEIN; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; PRP GENOTYPES;
SHEEP; CONFORMATIONS; PATTERNS; GENETICS; AGENT; BSE
AB A distinct strain of scrapie identified in sheep of Norway in 1998 has since been identified in numerous countries throughout Europe. The disease is known as Nor-98 or Nor98-like scrapie, among other names. Distinctions between classic scrapie and Nor98 scrapie are made based on histopathology and immunodiagnostic results. There are also differences in the epidemiology, typical signalment, and likelihood of clinical signs being observed. In addition, sheep that have genotypes associated with resistance to classic scrapie are not spared from Nor98 disease. The various differences between classic and Nor98 scrapie have been consistently reported in the vast majority of cases described across Europe. The current study describes in detail the pathologic changes and diagnostic results of the First 6 cases of Nor98 scrapie disease diagnosed in sheep of the United States.
C1 [Loiacono, Christie M.; Thomsen, Bruce V.; Hall, S. Mark] USDA APHIS NVSL, Pathobiol Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Kiupel, Matti] Michigan State Univ, Diagnost Ctr Populat & Anim Hlth, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, Anat Pathol Sect, Lansing, MI USA.
[Sutton, Diane] Vet Serv, Natl Ctr Anim Hlth Programs, USDA, APHIS, Riverdale, MD USA.
[O'Rourke, Katherine] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Barr, Bradd; Anthenill, Lucy] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Calif Anim Hlth & Food Safety Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Keane, Delwyn] Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, Madison, WI USA.
RP Loiacono, CM (reprint author), USDA APHIS NVSL, Pathobiol Lab, 1800 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
EM Christina.M.Loiacono@aphis.usda.gov
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PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC
PI TURLOCK
PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA
SN 1040-6387
J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST
JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 21
IS 4
BP 454
EP 463
PG 10
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 470EQ
UT WOS:000267958200006
PM 19564493
ER
PT J
AU Fulton, RW
Blood, KS
Panciera, RJ
Payton, ME
Ridpath, JF
Confer, AW
Saliki, JT
Burge, LT
Welsh, RD
Johnson, BJ
Reek, A
AF Fulton, Robert W.
Blood, K. Shawn
Panciera, Roger J.
Payton, Mark E.
Ridpath, Julia F.
Confer, Anthony W.
Saliki, Jeremiah T.
Burge, Lurinda T.
Welsh, Ronald D.
Johnson, Bill J.
Reek, Amy
TI Lung pathology and infectious agents in fatal feedlot pneumonias and
relationship with mortality, disease onset, and treatments
SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Cattle; feedlot pneumonias; infectious agents; lung pathology
ID VIRAL-DIARRHEA-VIRUS; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY
ACCESSIONS; SHIPPING FEVER PNEUMONIA; POSTWEANING CALVES; CATTLE;
CORONAVIRUS; 1B; SAMPLES; EXPOSURE
AB This study charted 237 fatal cases of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) observed from May 2002 to May 2003 in a single Oklahoma feed yard. Postmortem lung samples were used for agent identification and histopathology. Late in the study, 94 skin samples (ear notches) were tested for Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Bovine respiratory disease morbidity was 14.7%, and the mortality rate of all causes was 1.3%, with more than half (53.8%) attributed to BRD (0.7% total of all causes). The agents isolated were the following: Mannheimia haemolytica (25.0%), Pasteurella multocida (24.5%), Histophilus somni (10.0%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (35.0%), Salmonella spp. (0.5%), and Mycoplasma spp. (71.4%). Viruses recovered by cell culture were BVDV-la noncytopathic (NCP; 2.7%), BVDV-1a cytopathic (CP) vaccine strain (1.8%), BVDV-1b NCP (2.7%), BVDV-2a NCP (3.2%), BVDV-2b CP (0.5%), and Bovine herpesvirus 1 (2.3%). del-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were 4.6% positive for Bovine respiratory syncytial virus and 10.8% positive for Bovine coronavirus. Bovine viral diarrhea virus IHC testing was positive in 5.3% of the animals. The mean values were determined for the treatment data: fatal disease onset (32.65 days), treatment interval (29.15 days), number of antibiotic treatments (2.65), number of different antibiotics (1.89), and day of death (61.81 days). Lesions included the following: 1) duration: acute (21%), subacute (15%), chronic (40.2%), healing (2.8%), normal (18.1%), and autolyzed (2.8%); 2) type of pneumonia: lobar bronchopneumonia (LBP; 27.1%), LBP with pleuritis (49.1%), interstitial pneumonia (5.1%), bronchointerstitial pneumonia (1.4%), septic (0.9%), embolic foci (0.5%), other (2.8%), normal (10.3%), and autolyzed (2.8%); and 3) bronchiolar lesions: bronchiolitis obliterans (39.7%), bronchiolar necrosis (26.6%), bronchiolitis obliterans/bronchiolar necrosis (1.4%), other bronchiolar lesions (6.5%), and bronchiolar lesion negative (25.7%). Statistically significant relationships were present among the agents, lesions, and the animal treatment, disease onset, and mortality data. Clinical illnesses observed in this study were lengthier than those reported 16-20 years ago, based on fatal disease onset, treatment interval, and day of death.
C1 [Fulton, Robert W.] Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Saliki, Jeremiah T.; Welsh, Ronald D.; Johnson, Bill J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Payton, Mark E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Stat, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Blood, K. Shawn] Hitch Enterprises, Guymon, OK USA.
[Ridpath, Julia F.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
RP Fulton, RW (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Room 250,McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM robert.fulton@okstate.edu
FU The Noble Foundation (Ardmore, OK); Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment
Station (Oklahoma State University, Still-water, OK)
FX This study was funded by a grant from The Noble Foundation (Ardmore, OK)
and the Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station (Oklahoma State
University, Still-water, OK). The technical assistance and expertise of
Patricia Federico (USDA, ARS, NADC, Ames, IA) is greatly appreciated.
NR 29
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U1 6
U2 26
PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC
PI TURLOCK
PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA
SN 1040-6387
J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST
JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 21
IS 4
BP 464
EP 477
PG 14
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 470EQ
UT WOS:000267958200007
PM 19564494
ER
PT J
AU Piccone, ME
Feng, YA
Chang, ACY
Mosseri, R
Lu, Q
Kutish, GF
Lu, ZQ
Burrage, TG
Gooch, C
Rock, DL
Cohen, SN
AF Piccone, Maria E.
Feng, Yanan
Chang, Annie C. Y.
Mosseri, Ronen
Lu, Quan
Kutish, Gerald F.
Lu, Zhiqiang
Burrage, Thomas G.
Gooch, Christina
Rock, Daniel L.
Cohen, Stanley N.
TI Identification of Cellular Genes Affecting the Infectivity of
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLIOVIRUS REPLICATION COMPLEX; SIGNAL PEPTIDE PEPTIDASE;
ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NEUROTRANSMITTER
INACTIVATION; INTEGRIN ALPHA(V)BETA(3); NUCLEOSIDE DIPHOSPHATASE;
SUBCELLULAR-DISTRIBUTION; SOLUBLE NUCLEOTIDASES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES
AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) produces one of the most infectious of all livestock diseases, causing extensive economic loss in areas of breakout. Like other viral pathogens, FMDV recruits proteins encoded by host cell genes to accomplish the entry, replication, and release of infectious viral particles. To identify such host-encoded proteins, we employed an antisense RNA strategy and a lentivirus-based library containing approximately 40,000 human expressed sequence tags (ESTs) to randomly inactivate chromosomal genes in a bovine kidney cell line (LF-BK) that is highly susceptible to FMDV infection and then isolated clones that survived multiple rounds of exposure to the virus. Here, we report the identification of ESTs whose expression in antisense orientation limited host cell killing by FMDV and restricted viral propagation. The role of one such EST, that of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6 (NTPDase6; also known as CD39L2), a membrane-associated ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase that previously was not suspected of involvement in the propagation of viral pathogens and which we now show is required for normal synthesis of FMDV RNA and proteins, is described in this report.
C1 [Feng, Yanan; Chang, Annie C. Y.; Mosseri, Ronen; Lu, Quan; Cohen, Stanley N.] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Cohen, Stanley N.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Piccone, Maria E.; Kutish, Gerald F.; Lu, Zhiqiang; Burrage, Thomas G.; Gooch, Christina; Rock, Daniel L.] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
RP Cohen, SN (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, 300 Pasteur Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM sncohen@stanford.edu
FU U.S. Department of Defense
FX This work was supported by the Defense Advance Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) of the U.S. Department of Defense. We have no financial or other
relationships relevant to the research reported.
NR 58
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 83
IS 13
BP 6681
EP 6688
DI 10.1128/JVI.01729-08
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 462LM
UT WOS:000267354100035
PM 19369337
ER
PT J
AU Corn, JL
Cumbee, JC
Barfoot, R
Erickson, GA
AF Corn, Joseph L.
Cumbee, James C.
Barfoot, Rendall
Erickson, Gene A.
TI PATHOGEN EXPOSURE IN FERAL SWINE POPULATIONS GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED
WITH HIGH DENSITIES OF TRANSITIONAL SWINE PREMISES AND COMMERCIAL SWINE
PRODUCTION
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Brucella suis; domestic swine; feral swine; porcine circovirus-2;
porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome; pseudorabies; swine
influenza
ID RESPIRATORY SYNDROME PRRS; AUJESZKYS-DISEASE VIRUS; WILD BOAR;
INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; PREVALENCE;
ANTIBODIES; HERDS
AB surveys for evidence of exposure to pseudorabies virus (PRV), Brucella suis, swine, influenza virus (SIV; human-like H1N1, reassortant type H1N1 H1N2-like H1N1 and H3N2), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV 2), and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) in feral swine (Sus scrofa) were conducted in areas where feral swine were geographically associated with high densities of transitional swine. premises ill South Carolina and high densities of commercial swine production in North Carolina. In South Carolina, 10/50 (20.0%), 7/50 (14.0%), and 29/49 (59.2%) feral swine tested antibody positive for PRV, B. suis, and PCV-2, respectively. Antibodies to PRRSV (0/49) and SIV (0/49) were not detected. In North Carolina, antibodies to PRV and B. suis were not detected ill serum samples from 120 feral swine, however, antibodies to PRRSV (1/120 [0.8%]), PCV-2 (86/120 [71.7%]; these, included 80 Positives Phis six suspects), and SIV (108/119 [90.7%]) were present. The presence of PRV and B. suis in South Carolina may have been due to the introduction of infected feral swine into the area or to if previous association of feral swine with infected transitional swine. Their absence in the North Carolina populations may have been due, to the absence of these disease agents in the feral swine originally introduced into the and the lack of a potential for contact: with infected commercial swine. Feral swine associated with commercial swine in North Carolina may have been exposed to SIV subtypes circulating in commercial swine via airborne spread of SIV from commercial swine facilities. Feral swine seropositive for PCV-2 were prevalent in both states, which may indicate efficient transmission from commercial swine and transitional swine, or that PCV-2 is widespread in feral swine. The low prevalence of animals with antibodies against PRRSV may indicate a less-than-efficient means of transmission from commercial to feral swine. Additional epidemiologic studies are needed to understand the risks and mechanisms of transmission of disease agents among commercial, transitional, and feral swine and the role of feral swine as reservoirs of these disease agents.
C1 [Corn, Joseph L.; Cumbee, James C.] Univ Georgia, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Dept Populat Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Barfoot, Rendall] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Columbia, SC 29223 USA.
[Erickson, Gene A.] N Carolina Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Rollins Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
RP Corn, JL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Dept Populat Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jcorn@uga.edu
FU Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture [0591130863CA, 0691130863CA, 0791130863CA,
0596130032CA, 0696130032CA, 0796130032CA]; Federal Aid to Wildlife
Restoration Act; Biological Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Department of the Interior [06ERAG0005]
FX We gratefully acknowledge them assistance of B. Hamrick, G. Martin, and
B. Chandler of SCAWDS and C. Betsill and S. Owen of Wildlife Services,
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of
Agriculture in the collection of, feral swine for this survey. We also
thank the numerous private landowners and Congaree National Park for
allowing access to their Properties. Finding for this project was
provided through Cooperative Agreements 0591130863CA, 0691130863CA, and
0791130863CA, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Additional funds were provided
through sponsorship from the fish and wildlife agencies of Alabama,
Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland,
Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Puerto Rico, South Carolina,
Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia; through the Federal Aid to
Wildlife Restoration Act (50 Stat. 917) and Grant Agreement 06ERAG0005,
Biological Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of
the Interior; and through Cooperative Agreements 0596130032CA,
0696130032CA, and 0796130032CA, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant
Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.
NR 30
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U2 11
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 713
EP 721
PG 9
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 475JS
UT WOS:000268355200013
PM 19617481
ER
PT J
AU Rhyan, JC
Aune, K
Roffe, T
Ewalt, D
Hennager, S
Gidlewski, T
Olsen, S
Clarke, R
AF Rhyan, Jack C.
Aune, Keith
Roffe, Thomas
Ewalt, Darla
Hennager, Steve
Gidlewski, Tom
Olsen, Steve
Clarke, Ryan
TI PATHOGENESIS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BRUCELLOSIS IN YELLOWSTONE BISON:
SEROLOGIC AND CULTURE RESULTS FROM ADULT FEMALES AND THEIR PROGENY
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Bison bison; Bovidae; Brucella abortus; brucellosis; epidemiology;
serology; Yellowstone National Park
ID NATIONAL-PARK; ABORTUS; INFECTION
AB Our objective in this prospective study was to determine the natural course of Brucella abortus; infection in cohorts of seropositive and seronegative, female bison (Bison bison) and their offspring in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) for 5 yr. We collected specimens from 53 adult females and 25 calves at least once and from 45 adults and 22 calves more than once. Annual seroconversion rates (negative to positive) were relatively high (23% for calves and juvenile bison, 6% in the total sample of adult female bison in our study, and 11% in the adult females that began the study as seronegatives). Antibody was not protective against infection, even for calves that passively received antibody from all infected mother's colostrum. Antibody levels staved remarkably constant, with only a slow decline over time. We found only two seroconversions from a weak positive status to negative. Infected bison aborted and shed viable bacteria. Risk of shedding infective Brucella was highest for bison ill the 2 yr following seroconversion from negative to positive. In one bison, we detected shedding for 3 yr following seroconversion. Regardless of serostatus of dams and neonates, most calves were seronegative by 5 mo of age. There was no relationship between the antibody status of the dam and the tendency of a calf to seroconvert to positive during the duration of the study.
C1 [Rhyan, Jack C.; Gidlewski, Tom] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Aune, Keith] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Roffe, Thomas] US Dept Interior, Biol Resource Div, US Geol Survey, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Ewalt, Darla; Hennager, Steve] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Olsen, Steve] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Clarke, Ryan] Western Reg Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Belgrade, MT 59714 USA.
RP Rhyan, JC (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM jack.c.rhyan@aphis.usda.gov
NR 31
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U1 1
U2 8
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 729
EP 739
PG 11
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 475JS
UT WOS:000268355200015
PM 19617483
ER
PT J
AU Nemeth, NM
Dwyer, JF
Morrison, JL
Fraser, JD
AF Nemeth, Nicole M.
Dwyer, James F.
Morrison, Joan L.
Fraser, James D.
TI Prevalence of Antibodies to West Nile Virus and Other Arboviruses among
Crested Caracaras (Caracara cheriway) in Florida
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Antibody; Crested Caracara; Caracara cheriway; eastern equine
encephalitis virus; seroprevalence; St. Louis encephalitis virus; West
Nile virus
ID PASSIVE-IMMUNITY; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; BIRDS;
POPULATION; DOMESTICUS; DYNAMICS; VECTORS; RAPTORS
AB We documented the antibody prevalence to three arboviruses, St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and West Nile virus (WNV), in Crested Caracaras (Caracara cheriway; n=80) in Florida from 2007 to 2008. Antibody prevalence to WNV was higher (9%) than for the other viruses. Most seropositive birds were adults (>= 3 yr of age), with 55% of adults testing Positive for antibodies to at least one virus. Adults were significantly more likely to have antibodies to WNV than nonadults (P<0.001). Prevalence of SLEV and EEEV antibodies among Crested Caracaras was 3% for each virus, and three adult caracaras had indistinguishable anti-flavivirus antibodies. The susceptibility of Crested Caracaras to adverse effects of WNV, SLEV, or EEEV infection remains unknown; however, we observed that some free-ranging individuals survived infection and successfully fledged Young. Knowledge of arboviral infection among Florida's Crested Caracara, which is both state and federally threatened, is valuable considering increasing pressure oil this population from rapid and extensive, habitat alterations.
C1 [Nemeth, Nicole M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Nemeth, Nicole M.] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Dwyer, James F.; Morrison, Joan L.; Fraser, James D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Morrison, Joan L.] Trinity Coll, Dept Biol, Hartford, CT 06106 USA.
RP Nemeth, NM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, 3801 W Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM nnemeth@colostate.edu
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service [401815G060]
FX This study was funded by the US Fish and Wildlife Service grant
agreement 401815G060. This is contribution 123 from the MacArthur
Agro-Ecology Research Center of Archhold Biological Station. We are
grateful to R. Bowen of Colorado State University for providing
laboratory space and supplies and for performing EEEV assays and to D.
Forrester for providing comments on the manuscrip
NR 31
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U2 7
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 817
EP 822
PG 6
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 475JS
UT WOS:000268355200026
PM 19617494
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DL
Schrecengost, J
Merrill, A
Kilgo, J
Ray, HS
Miller, KV
Baldwin, CA
AF Miller, Debra Lee
Schrecengost, Joshua
Merrill, Anita
Kilgo, John
Ray, H. Scott
Miller, Karl V.
Baldwin, Charles A.
TI Hematology, Parasitology, and Serology of Free-Ranging Coyotes (Canis
latrans) from South Carolina
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis latrans; coyote; hematology; Parasitology; serology; South
Carolina
ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CALIFORNIA; SURVIVAL; NEBRASKA; VALUES
AB Blood and feces were collected from 34 adult (19 males, 15 females) and seven juvenile (three males, one female, three not reported) free-ranging coyotes (Canis latrans) on the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (South Carolina, USA). Significant (P<0.05) hematologic differences by sex were noted for red blood cell counts hemoglobin and hematocrit. Biochemical differences by sex occurred only for albumen (P<0.05). Twenty-one adults were antibody positive for at least one of form viruses: canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1; 68%), West Nile, virus (WNV; 60%), Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV; 38%), and Canine distemper virus (CDV; 15%). Of the seven Leptospira serovars tested for, seven (25%) of 28 adults were positive for or more of five serovars: Pomona, Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Bratislava, and Autumnalis. Three (43%) of seven juveniles had seropositivity for a virus, one each for CDV, CAV-1, and WNV. No juveniles were seropositive for EEEV or any of the seven Leptospira serovars. Blood smears of 12 adults were positive for Dirofilaria immitis microfilaria, but blood smears from all juveniles were negative. Parvovirus was identified by electron microscopy from the feces of one adult. Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris spp., and Isospora spp. were observed in fecal samples. These data may aid in understanding the role of coyotes in disease ecology.
C1 [Miller, Debra Lee; Merrill, Anita; Baldwin, Charles A.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Schrecengost, Joshua; Miller, Karl V.] Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Kilgo, John] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA.
[Ray, H. Scott] Forest Serv Savannah River, USDA, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA.
RP Miller, DL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
EM millerdl@uga.edu
OI Miller, Debra/0000-0002-8544-174X
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 14
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 863
EP 869
PG 7
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 475JS
UT WOS:000268355200034
PM 19617502
ER
PT J
AU Atwood, TC
Deliberto, TJ
Smith, HJ
Stevenson, JS
Vercauteren, KC
AF Atwood, Todd C.
Deliberto, Thomas J.
Smith, Holly J.
Stevenson, Justin S.
Vercauteren, Kurt C.
TI Spatial Ecology of Raccoons Related to Cattle and Bovine Tuberculosis in
Northeastern Michigan
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE bovine tuberculosis; disease; Michigan; Mycobacterium bovis; Procyon
lotor; raccoon; resource selection; sex-influenced; spatial epidemiology
ID BADGERS MELES-MELES; WHITE-TAILED DEER; HABITAT SELECTION;
MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; DISEASE-CONTROL; PROCYON-LOTOR; HOST-RANGE; MULE
DEER; AVAILABILITY; POPULATION
AB In 1995, Mycobacterium bovis, the causative bacterium of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), was detected in 5 beef cattle operations in Alcona County, Michigan, USA. In accordance with Federal law, the operations were depopulated to prevent the spread of bTB. Subsequent wildlife surveillance programs identified high prevalence of M. bovis in mesocarnivores, including raccoons (Procyon lotor), which suggested that raccoons may be complicit in vectoring the pathogen among livestock operations. Our goal was to develop an empirical basis for generating hypotheses about the likelihood for raccoons to mediate the transmission of bTB to livestock. We found intersexual differences in scale-dependent resource selection and probability of spatial interaction that, under certain circumstances, may form the foundation for a sex-bias in disease transmission. Spatial dispersion of mixed-forest patches facilitated overlap of adjacent males, whereas female overlap zones included pastures. Within overlap zones, probabilities of interaction for male-male and male-female dyads were greater than for female-female dyads, although we documented an elevated likelihood of spatial interaction between raccoons and livestock around cattle-feeding troughs and water sources, regardless of sex. Partial regressions generated by linear models indicated that distance between nearest-neighbor mixed-forest patches explained most of this observed variation. These results supported our prediction that forest patches juxtaposed with anthropogenic features fostered social tolerance between males and, thus, facilitated spatial interaction and exploitation of anthropogenic features. In raccoons, sex and landscape composition influenced pathogen transmission potential. We suggest that livestock producers locate livestock feeding and watering features away from forest patches to mitigate future outbreaks of bTB in endemic areas. (JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 73(5): 647-654; 2009)
C1 [Atwood, Todd C.; Deliberto, Thomas J.; Smith, Holly J.; Stevenson, Justin S.; Vercauteren, Kurt C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Atwood, TC (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM todd.c.atwood@aphis.usda.gov
NR 52
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 18
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 5
BP 647
EP 654
DI 10.2193/2008-215
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 465VR
UT WOS:000267617300004
ER
PT J
AU Pope, TL
Block, WM
Beier, P
AF Pope, Theresa L.
Block, William M.
Beier, Paul
TI Prescribed Fire Effects on Wintering, Bark-Foraging Birds in Northern
Arizona
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Arizona; bark-foraging birds; hairy woodpecker; Picoides villosus;
prescribed fire; pygmy nuthatch; Sitta carolinensis; Sitta pygmaea;
white-breasted nuthatch; winter
ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; DECIDUOUS WOODLAND; ECOLOGY; COMMUNITIES;
BEHAVIOR; COUNTS
AB We examined effects of prescribed fire on 3 wintering, bark-foraging birds, hairy woodpeckers (Picoides villosus), pygmy nuthatches (Sitta pygmaea), and white-breasted nuthatches (S. carolinensis), in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests of northern Arizona, USA. During winters of 2004-2006, we compared bird density, foraging behavior, and bark beetle activity among burned treatment and unburned control units. Hairy woodpecker density was 5 times greater in burn units, whereas white-breasted nuthatches and pygmy nuthatches had similar densities between treatments. Compared to available trees, trees used by foraging hairy woodpeckers had 9 times greater odds of having bark beetles in control units and 12 times greater odds in burn units. Tree diameter appeared to be the main factor bark-foraging birds used in selecting winter foraging trees. Our results suggest that forest managers can use prescribed fire treatments without detrimental effects to wintering nuthatches, while providing additional food to hairy woodpeckers. (JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 73(5): 695 700; 2009)
C1 [Pope, Theresa L.; Block, William M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Beier, Paul] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Pope, TL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, 210 Nagle Hall, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM tlpope@neo.tamu.edu
RI Beier, Paul/K-9294-2013
OI Beier, Paul/0000-0002-4297-4343
NR 44
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 10
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 5
BP 695
EP 700
DI 10.2193/2007-537
PG 6
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 465VR
UT WOS:000267617300011
ER
PT J
AU Pater, LL
Grubb, TG
Delaney, DK
AF Pater, Larry L.
Grubb, Teryl G.
Delaney, David K.
TI Recommendations for Improved Assessment of Noise Impacts on Wildlife
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustics; behavior; dose-response; measurement; noise guidelines; noise
impacts; noise metrics; noise standards; response; sound measurement
ID MEXICAN SPOTTED OWLS; HEARING SENSITIVITY; RESPONSES; BEHAVIOR;
CORTICOSTERONE
AB Research to determine noise impacts on animals benefits from methodology that adequately describes the acoustical stimulus as well as the resulting biological responses. We present acoustical considerations and research techniques that we have found to be useful. These include acoustical definitions and noise measurement techniques that conform to standardized acoustical practice and advice for controlled experimentation to supplement behavioral observation. Specific considerations include characteristics of noise stimulus, selection of noise metrics, use of frequency-weighting algorithms tailored to a specific animal species, selection and placement of noise measurement equipment, and methods for documenting animal responses. We also present arguments for measuring the noise stimulus at the location and time of each response observation. Our purpose is to recommend some baseline terminology, metrics, and techniques prerequisite to effective assessment of noise impacts on terrestrial wildlife whenever and wherever potential conflicts arise. (JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 73(5): 788-795; 2009)
C1 [Pater, Larry L.; Delaney, David K.] USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA.
[Grubb, Teryl G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Pater, LL (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA.
EM tgrubb@fs.fed.us
NR 60
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 22
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 5
BP 788
EP 795
DI 10.2193/2006-235
PG 8
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 465VR
UT WOS:000267617300022
ER
PT J
AU Ruggiero, LF
AF Ruggiero, Leonard F.
TI The Value of Opinion in Science and the Forest Service Research
Organization
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Forest Service Research; National Forest System; opinion; scientific
method
AB There is confusion about conflicts of interest between sources of funding and the extent to which Forest Service researchers are free to publish their findings. Forest Service Research is an independent entity with no administrative accountability to policy makers up to the office of the Chief of the Forest Service. Congressional mandate ensures that research will be free from the influence of politics that land management necessarily entails. Because politics involves opinions, it is important to note that opinions per se are not scientific and must be appropriately compared with empirical data before they can be considered so. It is the quantitative test of an opinion that renders it scientific, not the opinion itself. (JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 73(5):811-813; 2009)
C1 Forest Serv Res, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
RP Ruggiero, LF (reprint author), Forest Serv Res, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
EM lruggiero@fs.fed.us
FU Rocky Mountain Research Station; Forest Service Research and Development
branch
FX I thank J. Berger, B. Block, J. Copeland, and L. S. Mills for their
comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. I also thank K.
McKelvey and S. Ritter for their insights during discussions of relevant
topics. I also wish to thank M. Chamberlain for his helpful review of
this manuscript. This work was supported by the Rocky Mountain Research
Station, a major unit within the Forest Service Research and Development
branch.
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 5
BP 811
EP 813
DI 10.2193/2008-382
PG 3
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 465VR
UT WOS:000267617300026
ER
PT J
AU Brown, P
Gipson, C
AF Brown, Patricia
Gipson, Chester
TI A word from OLAW and USDA
SO LAB ANIMAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Brown, Patricia] NIH, OLAW, OER, OD,HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Gipson, Chester] USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC USA.
RP Brown, P (reprint author), NIH, OLAW, OER, OD,HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0093-7355
J9 LAB ANIMAL
JI Lab Anim.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 7
BP 227
EP 227
DI 10.1038/laban0709-227
PG 1
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 517KD
UT WOS:000271611400010
PM 19543257
ER
PT J
AU Kirk, TA
Zielinski, WJ
AF Kirk, Thomas A.
Zielinski, William J.
TI Developing and testing a landscape habitat suitability model for the
American marten (Martes americana) in the Cascades mountains of
California
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE American marten; Habitat; Landscape pattern; GIS; Martes americana;
Modeling; Landscape ecology; Model testing; Track plates; Conservation
planning; California
ID NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; SELECTION; ECOLOGY; DISTRIBUTIONS; PREFERENCES;
CARNIVORES; FORESTS; PATTERN; USA
AB We used field surveys and Geographic Information System data to identify landscape-scale habitat associations of American martens (Martes americana) and to develop a model to predict their occurrence in northeastern California. Systematic surveys using primarily enclosed track plates, with 10-km spacing, were conducted across a 27,700 km(2) area of largely forested, mountain terrain. Martens were detected at 20/184 (10.8%) of the sample units, aggregated in three distinct regions. We investigated habitat selection at multiple scales using circular assessment areas of 3, 20, and 80 km(2). The model for the largest assessment area best fit the data and included the following predictors: amount of reproductive habitat, number of habitat patches and land ownership category. These results support the hypothesis that martens select habitat based upon broad scale landscape conditions and that these conditions vary with ownership. We tested the model using an independent set of data, collected primarily during the winter. Poor fit of the test data in some locations raised concerns that our model, which was developed using data collected during the snow-free season, may not predict winter distribution well. We are investigating possible causes for the seasonal variation and until they can be incorporated our model represents a conservative view of marten habitat suitability based on summer occupancy. During the summer months, which is the reproductive season, martens are predicted to occur largely in relatively undisturbed landscapes where high-elevation, late-successional forests are common.
C1 [Kirk, Thomas A.] USDA Forest Serv, Susanville, CA 96130 USA.
[Zielinski, William J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
RP Kirk, TA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, 2550 Riverside Dr, Susanville, CA 96130 USA.
EM tkirk@fs.fed.us; bzielinski@fs.fed.us
FU USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station; USDA Forest
Service, Pacific Southwest Region
FX Funding was provided by USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research
Station and USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region. Special
thanks to L. Ollivier and J. Baldwin for statistical advice, J. Werren
and B. Hogoboom for GIS work, and B. Howard for database management.
Thanks to R. Schlexer and C. Ogan for logistical support. We also thank
S. Steinberg, R. Lamberson, J. Dunk, and L. Fox III of Humboldt State
University for GIS and statistical advice and M. McKenzie for editorial
help. The Lassen, Plumas, Tahoe, Shasta-Trinity and Klamath National
Forests provided assistance with field survey logistics, special thanks
in this regard to M. Williams, G. Rotta, D. Duncan, and M. Tierney.
Thanks also to M. Magnuson, L. Johnson, and
NR 56
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 6
BP 759
EP 773
DI 10.1007/s10980-009-9349-5
PG 15
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 473YJ
UT WOS:000268248100005
ER
PT J
AU Wiegner, TN
Tubal, RL
MacKenzie, RA
AF Wiegner, Tracy N.
Tubal, Randee L.
MacKenzie, Richard A.
TI Bioavailability and export of dissolved organic matter from a tropical
river during base- and stormflow conditions
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-USE; CARBON; NITROGEN; WATERSHEDS; TRANSPORT; PHOSPHORUS; STREAMS;
DON; USA
AB Concentrations, bioavailability, and export of dissolved organic matter (DOM), particulate organic matter (POM), and nutrients from the Wailuku River, Hawai'i, U.S.A., were examined under base- and stormflow conditions. During storms, DOM and POM concentrations increased approximately by factors of 2 and 11, respectively, whereas NO(3) concentrations decreased by a third. The organic carbon (OC) pool was dominated by dissolved OC (DOC) during baseflow conditions, whereas DOC and particulate OC contributed equally during storms. The nitrogen (N) pool was dominated by NO(3) during baseflow conditions and by particulate organic N (PON) during storms. Dissolved organic N (DON) comprised a similar percentage of the N pool under base- and stormflow conditions. DOC and DON bioavailability both decreased by half during storms in the Wailuku River. Differences in DOM concentrations and bioavailability between base- and stormflow conditions suggest that DOM flowpaths to the river changed from deep to shallow, and that DOM sources switched from autochthonous to allochthonous. Although DOM bioavailability decreased during storms, calculations suggest that storms contributed > 90% to the annual OC and N yields and > 80% to the bioavailable DOM yield from the Wailuku River to coastal waters. Overall, our results suggest that storms are important for delivering bioavailable DOM to coastal waters, where they may stimulate primary and secondary production.
C1 [Wiegner, Tracy N.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Marine Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Tubal, Randee L.] Univ Hawaii, Trop Conservat Biol & Environm Sci Program, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[MacKenzie, Richard A.] Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Hilo, HI USA.
RP Wiegner, TN (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Marine Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
EM wiegner@hawaii.edu
FU University of Hawai'i at Hilo (UHH); National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA); University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program;
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology; NOAA Office of Sea
Grant, Department of Commerce [NA050AR4171048]; National Science
Foundation (NSF) [0237065]; NOAA Minority Serving Institution
Environmental Educational Partnership grant
FX L. Canale, C. Chong, M. Kipapa, M. Manuel, H. McPhee, L. Mead, D.
Nishimoto, G. Sanchez, R. Schneider, L. Shizuma, J. Uecker, and T. van
Veen assisted with field work, laboratory analyses, data management, and
manuscript preparation, and L. Kaplan, T. Jennerjahn, and one anonymous
reviewer kindly provided thoughtful comments on earlier drafts of this
manuscript. Hawai'i State Department of Land and Natural Resources, D.
Nishioka, D. Rose, and J. Stevenson kindly provided access to the
Wailuku River through their property. This research was funded by
University of Hawai'i at Hilo (UHH) seed funds, a grant and cooperative
agreement from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA), Project RIEL-38, which is sponsored by the University of Hawai'i
Sea Grant College Program, School of Ocean and Earth Science and
Technology, under Institutional Grant NA050AR4171048 from NOAA Office of
Sea Grant, Department of Commerce; the National Science Foundation
(NSF), under NSF awards 0237065 and UHH Research Experience for
Undergraduates and Research Experience for Teachers; and a NOAA Minority
Serving Institution Environmental Educational Partnership grant. The
views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the view of NOAA or any of its subagencies.
NR 40
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 54
IS 4
BP 1233
EP 1242
DI 10.4319/lo.2009.54.4.1233
PG 10
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 474ZZ
UT WOS:000268325100017
ER
PT J
AU Vandalen, KK
Shriner, SA
Sullivan, HJ
Root, JJ
Franklin, AB
AF Vandalen, Kaci K.
Shriner, Susan A.
Sullivan, Heather J.
Root, J. Jeffrey
Franklin, Alan B.
TI Monitoring exposure to avian influenza viruses in wild mammals
SO MAMMAL REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE avian influenza viruses; disease ecology; laboratory protocols;
seroprevalence; virus transmission; wild mammals
ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; A H5N1 VIRUS; RADIAL HEMOLYSIS ASSAY; HORSE
ERYTHROCYTES; CONTACT INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN SERA; ANTIBODIES;
MINK; TRANSMISSION
AB Avian influenza (AI) viruses primarily circulate in wild waterfowl populations and are occasionally transmitted to domestic poultry flocks. However, the possible roles of other wildlife species, such as wild mammals, in AI virus ecology have not been adequately addressed.
Due to their habitat and behaviour, many wild mammals may be capable of transmitting pathogens among wild and domestic populations. Exposure to AI viruses has been reported in an array of wild and domestic animals. The presence of wild mammals on farms has been identified as a risk factor for at least one poultry AI outbreak in North America. These reports suggest the need for seroprevalence studies examining the exposure of wild mammals to AI viruses.
Serological tests are routinely used to assess domestic poultry, domestic swine and human exposure to influenza A viruses, but these tests have not been validated for use in wild mammals. As such, some of these protocols may require adjustments or may be inappropriate for use in serology testing of wild mammals. Herein, we review these serological techniques and evaluate their potential usefulness in AI surveillance of wild mammals. We call for care to be taken when applying serological tests outside their original area of validation, and for continued assay verification for multiple species and virus strains.
C1 [Vandalen, Kaci K.; Shriner, Susan A.; Sullivan, Heather J.; Root, J. Jeffrey; Franklin, Alan B.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Vandalen, KK (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM Kaci.vandalen@aphis.usda.gov
OI Shriner, Susan/0000-0003-0349-7182
NR 73
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0305-1838
J9 MAMMAL REV
JI Mammal Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 3
BP 167
EP 177
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2907.2009.00144.x
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 498YC
UT WOS:000270181000002
ER
PT J
AU Burrage, TG
Hilton, KR
Kramer, EJ
Arzt, J
Barrera, J
Shutta, C
Grubman, MJ
Brough, D
Clavijo, A
Brake, DA
Neilan, J
AF Burrage, Thomas G.
Hilton, Kelsey R.
Kramer, Edward J.
Arzt, Jonathan
Barrera, Jose
Shutta, Chris
Grubman, Marvin J.
Brough, Doug
Clavijo, Alfonso
Brake, David A.
Neilan, John
TI Intracellular Localization of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Transgene
Expression in vivo and in vitro After Infection with Adenovirus Vaccine
Constructs
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kramer, Edward J.; Arzt, Jonathan; Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Brough, Doug] GenVec Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Clavijo, Alfonso] Natl Ctr Foreign Anim Dis, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
[Hilton, Kelsey R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 15
SU 2
BP 954
EP 955
DI 10.1017/S1431927609092769
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA V20CW
UT WOS:000208119100471
ER
PT J
AU Trasino, SE
Kim, YS
Wang, TTY
AF Trasino, Steven E.
Kim, Young S.
Wang, Thomas T. Y.
TI Ligand, receptor, and cell type-dependent regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1
mRNA in prostate cancer epithelial cells
SO MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIVER-X-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; LXR-BETA; NUCLEAR RECEPTOR;
LIPID-METABOLISM; CHOLESTEROL; ACTIVATION; ANDROGEN; MICE; MACROPHAGES
AB Recent evidence suggests that the liver X receptor (LXR) is a potential anticancer target in prostate carcinoma. There is little characterization, however, of which of the two LXR isoforms, LXR alpha or LXR beta, regulates the LXR-responsive genes ATP-binding cassette subfamily members A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) in transformed prostatic epithelial cells. In this study, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to determine whether LXR alpha or LXR beta is involved in regulating ABCA1 and ABCG1 mRNA expression in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Treatment of both cell lines with the synthetic LXR ligand T0901317 and oxysterols: 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) and 24(S), 25-epoxycholesterol (24,25EC), resulted in more than a 10-fold increase of ABCA1 and ABCG1 mRNA expression. Transfection of LNCaP cells with siRNA against either LXR beta or LXR alpha failed to inhibit T0901317 and 25HC-mediated increase of ABCA1 mRNA. siRNA silencing of LXR beta did, however, inhibit ABCA1 mRNA expression in 24,25EC-treated LNCaP cells. In contrast, LXR beta siRNA inhibited T0901317, 25HC, and 24,25EC induction of ABCA1 mRNA in PC-3 cells and ABCG1 mRNA in both LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Additional experiments revealed that T0901317 and 25HC induction of ABCA1 mRNA expression was significantly inhibited by the p38 stress kinase antagonist SB202190 and PKA inhibitor H89. Our study is the first to show that LXR beta, but not LXR alpha, is the major regulatory isoform of ABCG1 mRNA expression in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Our study also reveals that ABCA1 gene expression is differentially regulated by synthetic and natural LXR ligands, possibly involving kinase mediated signal transduction. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8 (7):1934-45]
C1 [Trasino, Steven E.; Wang, Thomas T. Y.] USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Kim, Young S.] NCI, Nutr Sci Res Grp, Canc Prevent Div, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Wang, TTY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Bldg 307C,Room 132, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM tom.wang@ars.usda.gov
FU U.S. appropriated funds [1235-51530-052-00]; National Cancer Institute
FX U.S. appropriated funds to USDA project number 1235-51530-052-00 (T.T.Y.
Wang and S.E. Trasino), and the National Cancer Institute (Y.S. Kim).
NR 49
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA
SN 1535-7163
J9 MOL CANCER THER
JI Mol. Cancer Ther.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 7
BP 1934
EP 1945
DI 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0020
PG 12
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 470UG
UT WOS:000268005700022
PM 19531574
ER
PT J
AU Piaggio, AJ
Figueroa, JA
Perkins, SL
AF Piaggio, Antoinette J.
Figueroa, Julia A.
Perkins, Susan L.
TI Development and characterization of 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci
isolated from Rafinesque's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus rafinesquii
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Corynorhinus rafinesquii; microsatellite; Rafinesque's big-eared bat
AB We developed and characterized 15 microsatellite markers for Rafinesque's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus rafinesquii. In a population from Tennessee, the number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 13 and observed heterozygosities were 0.35 to 0.97 per locus. These loci will provide appropriate variability for estimation of population connectivity, demographic parameters, and genetic diversity for this species of concern.
C1 [Piaggio, Antoinette J.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Wildlife Genet Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Perkins, Susan L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Sackler Inst Comparat Genom, New York, NY 10024 USA.
RP Piaggio, AJ (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Wildlife Genet Lab, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM toni.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov
OI Perkins, Susan/0000-0002-5400-5662
FU Animal Plant Health Inspection Services Science Fellowship
FX We are indebted to Brian Carver, Biology Department, Freed-Hardeman
University, and Frances Bennett for collecting samples. A.J.P. is
supported by an Animal Plant Health Inspection Services Science
Fellowship.
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-098X
J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR
JI Mol. Ecol. Resour.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 9
IS 4
BP 1191
EP 1193
DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02625.x
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 473XM
UT WOS:000268245500028
PM 21564872
ER
PT J
AU He, HQ
MacKinnon, KM
Genovese, KJ
Nerren, JR
Swaggerty, CL
Nisbet, DJ
Kogut, MH
AF He, Haiqi
MacKinnon, Kathryn M.
Genovese, Kenneth J.
Nerren, Jessica R.
Swaggerty, Christina L.
Nisbet, David J.
Kogut, Michael H.
TI Chicken scavenger receptors and their ligand-induced cellular immune
responses
SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Scavenger receptor; Nitric oxide; Oxidative burst; Innate immune
response; Heterophil; Macrophage; Chicken
ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; NF-KAPPA-B; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES;
LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA;
CLASS-A; CROSS-PRESENTATION; IN-VIVO; CPG OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE
AB The scavenger receptors (SRs) comprise structurally and functionally divergent groups of cell surface and secreted proteins that play an important role in innate immune defenses. Searching translated chicken genomic databases revealed many proteins homologous to mammalian SRs. SR mediated immune functions (oxidative burst, degranulation, phagocytosis, nitric oxide (NO) production, and cytokine expression) were evaluated in chicken heterophils, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and a chicken macrophage cell line (HD11) using various SR class A and B ligands. Results showed that the SR-A ligands, fucoidan, poly(I) and poly(G), but not SR-B ligands, phosphatidylserine and LDL, stimulated dose-dependent NO production in HD11 cells. However, SR-A ligands failed to induce NO in chicken monocytes. Quantitative RT-PCR indicated that SR ligands differentially regulated the gene expression of cytokines and chemokine in HD11 cells with a strong up-regulation of the cytokines IL-1 beta and IL-6 and the chemokine MIP-1 beta, but had no effect on IL-4, IL-12, IFN-gamma, and IFN-beta. SR-B ligands did not alter expression of these genes. SR-A ligands had no stimulatory effect on functional response in heterophils. However, LDL, a SR-B ligand stimulated oxidative burst in both heterophils and PBMC. Additionally, results indicate that SRs are involved in bacterial binding in macrophages. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [He, Haiqi; MacKinnon, Kathryn M.; Genovese, Kenneth J.; Nerren, Jessica R.; Swaggerty, Christina L.; Nisbet, David J.; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP He, HQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
EM haiqi.he@ars.usda.gov
NR 44
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0161-5890
J9 MOL IMMUNOL
JI Mol. Immunol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 11-12
BP 2218
EP 2225
DI 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.04.020
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology
GA 466TM
UT WOS:000267685700009
PM 19446336
ER
PT J
AU Bischoff, JF
Rehner, SA
Humber, RA
AF Bischoff, Joseph F.
Rehner, Stephen A.
Humber, Richard A.
TI A multilocus phylogeny of the Metarhizium anisopliae lineage
SO MYCOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE biocontrol; Clavicipitaceae; Cordyceps; entomopathogen; green
muscardine; Metacordyceps
ID SPECIES RECOGNITION; FUNGUS METARHIZIUM; SP-NOV; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC
FUNGUS; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS;
FUSARIUM-GRAMINEARUM; RDNA SEQUENCES; PATHOGEN; NUCLEAR
AB Metarhizium anisopliae, the type species of the anamorph entomopathogenic genus Metarhizium, is currently composed of four varieties, including the type variety, and had been demonstrated to be closely related to M. taii, M. pingshaense and M. guizhouense. In this study we evaluate phylogenetic relationships within the M. anisopliae complex, identify monophyletic lineages and clarify the species taxonomy. To this end we have employed a multigene phylogenetic approach using near-complete sequences from nuclear encoded EF-1 alpha, RPB1, RPB2 and beta-tubulin gene regions and evaluated the morphology of these taxa, including ex-type isolates whenever possible. The phylogenetic and in some cases morphological evidence supports the monophyly of nine terminal taxa in the M. anisopliae complex that we recognize as species. We propose to recognize at species rank M. anisopliae, M. guizhouense, M. pingshaense, M. acridum stat. nov., M. lepidiotae stat. nov. and M. majus stat. nov. In addition we describe the new species M. globosum and M. robertsii, resurrect the name M. brunneum and show that M. taii is a later synonym of M. guizhouense.
C1 [Rehner, Stephen A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Bischoff, Joseph F.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Humber, Richard A.] USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Rehner, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Stephen.Rehner@ars.usda.gov
NR 67
TC 177
Z9 190
U1 9
U2 60
PU ALLEN PRESS INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0027-5514
J9 MYCOLOGIA
JI Mycologia
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 101
IS 4
BP 512
EP 530
DI 10.3852/07-202
PG 19
WC Mycology
SC Mycology
GA 469QJ
UT WOS:000267914600007
PM 19623931
ER
PT J
AU Minnis, AM
Samuels, GJ
Chaverri, P
AF Minnis, Andrew M.
Samuels, Gary J.
Chaverri, Priscila
TI Three nomenclatural corrections for species of Hypocrea/Trichoderma
SO MYCOTAXON
LA English
DT Article
DE Ascomycota; Hypocreaceae; Hypocreales; nomen novum; nomenclature
AB Three hypocreoid taxa were found to be illegitimate later homonyms of previously described species. Hence, the replacement names, Hypocrea staminella (a Hypocrea straminea P. Chaverri & Samuels), Trichoderma pseudocandidum (a Trichoderma candidum P. Chaverri & Samuels), and Trichoderma pseudonigrovirens Trichoderma nigrovirens R Chaverri & Samuels), are provided.
C1 [Minnis, Andrew M.; Samuels, Gary J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Chaverri, Priscila] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Minnis, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Rm 304,B011A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Drew.Minnis@ars.usda.gov; Gary.Samuels@ars.usda.gov; pchaverr@umd.edu
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MYCOTAXON LTD
PI ITHACA
PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA
SN 0093-4666
J9 MYCOTAXON
JI Mycotaxon
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 109
BP 245
EP 246
DI 10.5248/109.245
PG 2
WC Mycology
SC Mycology
GA 499GM
UT WOS:000270206000032
ER
PT J
AU Barton, BJ
Kirschbaum, CD
Bach, CE
AF Barton, B. J.
Kirschbaum, C. D.
Bach, C. E.
TI The Impacts of Ant Mounds on Sedge Meadow and Shrub Carr Vegetation in a
Prairie Fen
SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ant mound vegetation; plant biodiversity; plant cover; plant life form;
wetland indicator status
ID GRASSLANDS
AB An important component of many fens is large mounds created by ants, for nesting purposes. Because these mounds differ in microtopography, hydrology, and soil characteristics from the surrounding fell, they have the potential to strongly influence fell vegetation. This study examined the effects of ant mounds oil plant cover and species composition in two vegetation types within a Michigan prairie fen complex. Vegetation was sampled oil ant mounds and in control plots in sedge meadow and shrub carr vegetation types. Total plant cover was significantly greater oil ant mounds than in control plots in the sedge meadow, hilt significantly lower on ant mounds than in control lots in the shrub carr. plants varied in their response to ant mounds as a function of their wetland indicator status. Both facultative upland and facultative species occurred more frequently oil mounds, whereas obligate wetland species were more common in control plots. There was no significant difference for facultative wetland species. Plant life form also strongly influenced patterns of distribution Oil mounds vs. control plots. with grasses occurring more frequently oil mounds. and forbs and sedges occurring less frequently oil mounds than in control areas. Thus. especially in the sedge meadow. ant mounds provide an important refuge for species more adapted to dry conditions.
C1 [Barton, B. J.; Kirschbaum, C. D.; Bach, C. E.] Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA.
[Barton, B. J.] Michigan Nat Features Inventory, Lansing, MI 48909 USA.
[Kirschbaum, C. D.] US Forest Serv, Pedro, OH 45659 USA.
RP Barton, BJ (reprint author), Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA.
EM bartonb1@michi-gan.gov
FU Eastern Michigan University Graduate Research Fund
FX This project was funded by a grant from the Eastern Michigan University
Graduate Research Fund to CEB. We Would like to acknowledge The Nature
Conservancy. Scott Weaver, Kevin MacDonald, Justin Hohn, Michael Farmer,
Michelle Portelli, Nora Curiel, and Heather Burgy for their
contributions to this project. Brian Hazlett and Kari Jensen Kirschbaum
provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Thank You also to the
anonymous reviewers for their comments on this manuscript.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 9
PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC
PI ROCKFORD
PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA
SN 0885-8608
J9 NAT AREA J
JI Nat. Areas J.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 29
IS 3
BP 293
EP 300
DI 10.3375/043.029.0308
PG 8
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 485KL
UT WOS:000269119700008
ER
PT J
AU Mitchell, R
Engstrom, T
Sharitz, RR
De Steven, D
Hiers, K
Cooper, R
Kirkman, LK
AF Mitchell, Robert
Engstrom, Todd
Sharitz, Rebecca R.
De Steven, Diane
Hiers, Kevin
Cooper, Robert
Kirkman, L. Katherine
TI Old Forests and Endangered Woodpeckers: Old-Growth in the Southern
Coastal Plain
SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE bottomland hardwood forest; cypress-tupelo forest; Ivory-billed
Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis); longleaf pine forest; old-growth
forest; Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Picoides borealis)
ID PINUS-PALUSTRIS ECOSYSTEMS; STAND STRUCTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LANDSCAPE;
FIRE; RESTORATION; MANAGEMENT; HABITAT; COMMUNITIES; WETLANDS
AB Southern old-growth forests are small and rare, but critical in their Support of biodiversity. While the remnant old-growth forests contain diversity that is significant regionally and globally. they most likely represent only it portion of the variety that old forests once sustained. High within-habitat diversity and rarity in the landscape magnify the conservation value of these systems. Old-growth stands of two particular communities-longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) forests and floodplain (bottomland/swamp) forests-have emblematic links to two notable bird species of concern, the Red-cockaded (Picoides borealis) and Ivory-billed (Campephilus principalis) Woodpeckers. In addition to conservation importance, southern old forests have social and economic values that are in danger of further impoverishment if these systems are lost to future generations. Summarizing the findings front it recent workshop, we review old-growth Status and values, identify current threats, and describe potential strategies to promote greater long-term conservation of old forests across the South.
C1 [Mitchell, Robert; Hiers, Kevin; Kirkman, L. Katherine] Joseph Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA USA.
[Engstrom, Todd] Florida State Univ, Coastal & Marine Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Sharitz, Rebecca R.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
[De Steven, Diane] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS USA.
[Cooper, Robert] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Mitchell, R (reprint author), Joseph Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA USA.
EM Robert.mitchell@jonescenter.org
FU National Council of Science and Sustainable Forestry; Williams Family
Foundation; Greentree Foundation; Robert W. Woodruff Foundation
FX Funding for the workshop was provided by the National Council of Science
and Sustainable Forestry, with additional support from the Williams
Family Foundation, the Greentree Foundation, and the Robert W. Woodruff
Foundation.
NR 65
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 44
PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC
PI ROCKFORD
PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA
SN 0885-8608
EI 2162-4399
J9 NAT AREA J
JI Nat. Areas J.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 29
IS 3
BP 301
EP 310
DI 10.3375/043.029.0309
PG 10
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 485KL
UT WOS:000269119700009
ER
PT J
AU Panickar, KS
Jayakumar, AR
Rao, KVR
Norenberg, MD
AF Panickar, K. S.
Jayakumar, A. R.
Rao, K. V. Rama
Norenberg, M. D.
TI Ammonia-induced activation of p53 in cultured astrocytes: Role in cell
swelling and glutamate uptake
SO NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Glutamate in the Tripartite Synapse - Functional and
Metabolic Relations in Norm and Pathology (Wierzba IV)
CY AUG 23-27, 2008
CL Wierzba, POLAND
SP Polish Acad Sci
DE Ammonia toxicity; Astrocytes; Cell swelling; Glutamate transport;
Hepatic encephalopathy; MAP kinase; Mitochondrial permeability
transition; NF-kappa B; Oxidative stress; p53
ID NF-KAPPA-B; MITOCHONDRIAL PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; ACUTE LIVER-FAILURE;
OXIDATIVE STRESS; HEPATIC-ENCEPHALOPATHY; RAT ASTROCYTES; BRAIN EDEMA;
TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; UPTAKE INHIBITION
AB Cytotoxic brain edema, due principally to astrocyte swelling, is a major neurological complication of the acute form of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) (acute liver failure, ALF), a condition likely caused by elevated levels of brain ammonia. Potential mediators of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling include oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS), the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappa B), since blockade of these factors reduces the extent of astrocyte swelling. As p53, a tumor suppressor protein and transcription factor, is a downstream target of ONS and MAPKs, we examined its potential role in the mechanism of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling. Astrocytes exposed to NH4Cl (5 MM) showed increased phosphorylation (activation) of p53((Ser392)) at 1 h and such phosphorylation was significantly reduced by inhibitors of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK and p38-MAPK), antioxidants (vitamin E, catalase, PBN, desferoxamine, MnTBAP), as well as by L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, indicating a key role of oxidative/nitrosative stress and MAPKs in the ammonia-induced activation of p53. Since p53 is known to induce the mPT and to activate NF-kappa B (factors leading to ONS and implicated in ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling), we examined whether inhibition of p53 activation blocked mPT induction, NF-kappa B activation, as well as cell swelling. Pifithrin-alpha (PFT), an inhibitor of p53, blocked these processes. Impairment of astrocytic glutamate uptake is another important feature of HE and hyperammonemia. We therefore examined the potential role of p53 in the ammonia-induced inhibition of glutamate uptake and found that PFT also reversed the ammonia-induced inhibition of glutamate uptake. Our results indicate that a potentially important downstream target of ammonia neurotoxicity is p53, whose activation contributes to astrocyte swelling and glutamate uptake inhibition, processes likely a consequence of ONS derived from the mPT and activation of NF-kappa B. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Panickar, K. S.; Jayakumar, A. R.; Rao, K. V. Rama; Norenberg, M. D.] Dept Pathol, Miami, FL 33125 USA.
[Norenberg, M. D.] Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Miami, FL 33125 USA.
[Norenberg, M. D.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33125 USA.
[Norenberg, M. D.] Univ Miami, Miami VA Med Ctr, Miami, FL 33125 USA.
[Panickar, K. S.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Norenberg, MD (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Pathol D33, POB 016960, Miami, FL 33101 USA.
EM mnorenbe@med.miami.edu
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK063311]
NR 70
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0197-0186
EI 1872-9754
J9 NEUROCHEM INT
JI Neurochem. Int.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 55
IS 1-3
BP 98
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.neuint.2008.12.022
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 448ST
UT WOS:000266283000015
PM 19428812
ER
PT J
AU Li, MHH
Robinson, EH
Bosworth, BG
Oberle, DF
Lucas, PA
AF Li, Menghe H.
Robinson, Edwin H.
Bosworth, Brian G.
Oberle, Daniel F.
Lucas, Penelope A.
TI Evaluation of Various Feeding Regimens in a Multiple-Batch Cropping
System of Channel Catfish Production
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID DIETARY-PROTEIN CONCENTRATION; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; WATER-QUALITY;
EFFICIENCY; PONDS; GAIN
AB A 4-year pond Study was conducted to compare net production. feed conversion, processing yield, and body composition of channel catfish lctalurus punctatus that were fed once daily, fed every other day (EOD) to satiation, or fed an amount not exceeding 110 kg.ha(-1).d(-1) in a multiple-batch cropping system. The greatest amount of feed administered was observed for the daily satiation group, followed by the 110-kg.ha(-1).d(-1) group and the EOD group (P <= 0.05). Net production of fish fed daily to satiation did not significantly differ from that of fish fed up to 110 kg.ha(-1).d(-1), but that of fish fed daily (satiation or <= 110 kg/ha) was significantly higher than that of fish fed ECD to satiation. Feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in fish fed up to 110 kg.ha(-1).d(-1) or EOD to satiation than that of fish fed daily to satiation. Carcass, fillet, and total meat yields did not differ among feeding regimens. Fish fed EOD to satiation had lower fillet fat and higher fillet moisture than fish fed daily to satiation. Feed restriction to no more than 110 kg.ha(-1).d(-1) did not significantly affect fillet composition of channel catfish compared with fish fed daily to satiation. It appears that limiting the feeding rate to 110 kg.ha(-1).d(-1) at a stocking density of 14,930 fish/ha would improve feed efficiency without causing significant reduction in weight gain, net production, or processing yield and would thus increase farm profits. Feeding channel catfish ECD to satiation may be acceptable as a short-term strategy when economic conditions justify it. However, it may not be economical for the long term because of lower production. increased length of the production cycle, and reduced processing yield.
C1 [Li, Menghe H.; Robinson, Edwin H.; Oberle, Daniel F.; Lucas, Penelope A.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Bosworth, Brian G.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Li, MHH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 197, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM mli@drec.msstate.edu
FU Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES)
[J-11355]; Mississippi State University [MIS-081111]
FX We thank Sandra Philips and Cliff Smith for their assistance with fish
processing and proximate analysis. This manuscript is approved for
publication as Journal Article J-11355 of the Mississippi Agricultural
and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University.
This Study was supported under MAFES Project MIS-081111.
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 71
IS 3
BP 210
EP 215
DI 10.1577/A08-031.1
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 477FP
UT WOS:000268504400004
ER
PT J
AU Ludwig, GM
Lochmann, SE
AF Ludwig, Gerald M.
Lochmann, Steve E.
TI Tank Culture of Sunshine Bass Fingerlings without Using Rotifers
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID MORONE-CHRYSOPS; STRIPED BASS; GROWTH; LARVAE; SURVIVAL; SYSTEM
AB A previously reported protocol for culture of larval Sunshine bass (female white bass Morone chrysops X male striped bass M. saxatilis) to fingerling size in tanks involved an initial feeding of rotifers for several days before the larvae were weaned to nauplii of brine shrimp Artemia spp. and prepared feed. Maintaining rotifer cultures requires space, time, equipment, supplies, and trained culturists. The rotifer cultures are often unstable, which increases risk of poor sunshine bass fingerling production in tanks. Elimination of the use of rotifers would greatly enhance the feasibility of reliable tank culture of fingerlings and should reduce production cost. This experiment compared three treatments with three replicates per treatment. In one treatment, larvae were initially fed rotifers Brachionus plicatilis and then were weaned to brine shrimp nauplii (0.48 x 0.19 mm). In a second treatment. larvae were fed brine shrimp nauplii throughout the experiment. In a third treatment, larvae were fed microcyst brine shrimp nauplii (0.43 x 0.18 mm) for the entire experiment. At 4 d posthatch (dph), sunshine bass larvae were stocked into 100-L tanks at 75 larvae/L. Larvae were fed according to the three treatments to 14 dph. Survival was significantly higher for larvae fed rotifers plus brine shrimp nauplii and for larvae fed microcyst brine shrimp nauplii (93.6% and 37.9%, respectively) than for larvae fed only brine shrimp nauplii (4.3%). Larvae (7.13 mm standard length [SL]) that were fed rotiters plus brine shrimp nauplii and larvae (7.26 mm SL) that were fed microcyst nauplii were significantly longer than those (6.86 mm SL) fed brine shrimp nauplii. This experiment is the first time that sunshine bass have been Cultured to 14 dph on brine shrimp nauplii without rotifers at first feeding.
C1 [Ludwig, Gerald M.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
[Lochmann, Steve E.] Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture & Fisheries Ctr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA.
RP Ludwig, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
EM jerry.ludwig@ars.usda.gov
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 71
IS 3
BP 224
EP 228
DI 10.1577/A08-108.1
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 477FP
UT WOS:000268504400006
ER
PT J
AU Ludwig, GM
Lochmann, SE
AF Ludwig, Gerald M.
Lochmann, Steve E.
TI Effect of Temperature on Larval Sunshine Bass Growth and Survival to the
Fingerling Stage
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID STRIPED BASS; TANK CULTURE; ROTIFER; RATION
AB Determining the optimum conditions for tank Culture of sunshine bass (female white bass Morone chrysops X male striped bass M. saxatilis) fingerlings will facilitate a year-round Supply of seed for the production cycle of this increasingly popular food fish. This study determined the relationship between temperature and larval sunshine bass growth and survival to the time when fish were trained to accept commercial feeds. At 4 d posthatch (dph), larvae were stocked at five temperatures front 20 degrees C to 32 degrees C at 3 degrees C increments. There were two replicates for each temperature. The larvae were fed rotifers through 8 dph. Conversion to a diet of brine shrimp Artemia spp. nauplii began at 6 dph, and training for acceptance of dry starter feed began at 20 dph. At harvest, average total length and average weight of the fish increased in a linear relationship with temperature, while relative survival and number of fish harvested decreased linearly with temperature. Tank yield had a curvilinear relationship with temperature. The temperature that provided maximum yield was 23.1 degrees C. Although growth wits faster at warmer temperatures, relative survival and yield were not. These relationships between tank culture conditions and production characteristics support optimization of tank culture to meet specific production goals. This should eliminate some of the logistical constraints to expanded tank culture of sunshine bass fingerlings.
C1 [Ludwig, Gerald M.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
[Lochmann, Steve E.] Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture Fisheries Ctr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA.
RP Ludwig, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
EM jludwig@classicnet.net
FU National Aquaculture Research Center; U.S. Department of Agriculture
FX We greatly appreciate Matthew McEntire of the Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart
National Aquaculture Research Center, who supplied the larvae used in
this study. Kelly Goodwin of the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff
assisted with the Study by collecting and measuring fish, and Jason
Brown of the Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research
Center helped to culture rotifers and brine shrimp and to collect
chemical and physical data throughout the study. Bartholomew Green,
Philip Pearson, and Peter Perschbacher reviewed drafts of the
manuscript. Mention of trade or business names is not an endorsement by
the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 71
IS 3
BP 260
EP 266
DI 10.1577/A08-057.1
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 477FP
UT WOS:000268504400012
ER
PT J
AU Mitchell, AJ
Radomski, AA
Straus, DL
Carter, R
AF Mitchell, Andrew J.
Radomski, Andrew A.
Straus, David L.
Carter, Ray
TI The Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on the Hatch Rate and Saprolegnia spp.
Infestation of Channel Catfish Eggs
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFICACY
AB Fungal infestations of channel catfish lctalurus punctatus eggs can lower hatch rate, which requires the producer to spawn more channel catfish or risk fingerling shortages. Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) treatments (0.0, 15.6, 31.3, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/L) were evaluated to determine their effect oil channel catfish hatch rate (number of fry/nurnber of eggs x 100) and control of naturally occurring infestations of fungi Saprolegnia spp. in an experimental compartmentalized trough hatching system. Experiments were run at water temperatures of 23.2-24.0 degrees C, dissolved oxygen concentrations of 4.5-6.8 mg/L (53-79% saturation), total alkalinity of 209-217 mg/L, and total hardness of 91-110 mg/L. Treatments were applied to hatching compartments while well water was flowing at a rate of one water exchange every 30 min and egg density was 2.5 g eggs/L of water. Observations for fungal development were made daily, and the maximum measure of fungal growth was recorded. An initial range-finding study demonstrated that H(2)O(2) concentrations greater than 500 mg/L lowered the hatch rate. In later experiments, concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 mg/L applied for 6 d significantly increased the hatch rate and reduced fungal growth when compared with the controls. The 250-mg/L H(2)O(2) treatment had the highest mean hatch rate (64.4% compared with 24.7% for the controls), lowest incidence of fungal infestation (27.3% compared with 100% for the control), and the lowest average fungal growth (an average measure of 0.95 cm compared with 7.23 cm for the controls).
C1 [Mitchell, Andrew J.; Radomski, Andrew A.; Straus, David L.; Carter, Ray] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
RP Mitchell, AJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
EM drew.mitchell@ars.usda.gov
NR 13
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 71
IS 3
BP 276
EP 280
DI 10.1577/A08-053.1
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 477FP
UT WOS:000268504400014
ER
PT J
AU Kleinman, PJA
Sharpley, AN
Saporito, LS
Buda, AR
Bryant, RB
AF Kleinman, Peter J. A.
Sharpley, Andrew N.
Saporito, Lou S.
Buda, Anthony R.
Bryant, Ray B.
TI Application of manure to no-till soils: phosphorus losses by sub-surface
and surface pathways
SO NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Phosphorus; Runoff; Leaching; No-till; Dairy manure
ID DISSOLVED PHOSPHORUS; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; TRANSPORT; RUNOFF;
MANAGEMENT; GRASSLAND; DRAINAGE; NITROGEN; STRATEGIES
AB The acceleration of surface water eutrophication attributed to agricultural runoff has focused attention on manure management in no-till. We evaluated losses of phosphorus (P) in sub-surface and surface flow as a function of dairy manure application to no-till soils in north-central Pennsylvania. Monitoring of a perennial spring over 36 months revealed that dissolved reactive P (DRP) concentrations increased 3- to 28-fold above background levels whenever manure was broadcast to nearby field soils. A study conducted with 30-cm deep intact soil cores indicated that incorporation of manure by tillage lowered P loss in leachate relative to broadcast application, presumably due to the destruction of preferential flow pathways. More P was leached from a sandy loam than a clay loam soil, although differences between soils were not as great as differences between application methods. In contrast, rainfall simulations on 2-m(2) field runoff plots showed that total P (TP) losses in surface runoff differed significantly by soil but not by application method. Forms of P in surface runoff did change with application method, with DRP accounting for 87 and 24% of TP from broadcast and tilled treatments, respectively. Losses of TP in leachate from manured columns over 7 weeks (0.22-0.38 kg P ha(-1)) were considerably lower than losses in surface runoff from manured plots subjected to a single simulated rainfall event (0.31-2.07 kg TP ha(-1)). Results confirm the near-term benefits of incorporating manure by tillage to protect groundwater quality, but suggest that for surface water quality, avoiding soils prone to runoff is more important.
C1 [Kleinman, Peter J. A.; Saporito, Lou S.; Buda, Anthony R.; Bryant, Ray B.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Kleinman, PJA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM Peter.Kleinman@ars.usda.gov
RI Buda, Anthony/B-4860-2013
FU USDA-ARS Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Laboratory
FX The authors thank Ms. Sarah Orner for her work in sampling spring water
and maintaining field management records. In addition, we thank the
staff of the USDA-ARS Pasture Systems and Watershed Management
Laboratory for their contributions to this study. Rain simulation
experiments were conducted by Jenn Logan, Joe Quatrini, Zach Smith and
Benjamin Thonus. Soil columns were collected by David Otto and Terry
Troutman. Laboratory analyses were conducted by Jaime Davis, Bart Moyer
and Joan Weaver.
NR 54
TC 50
Z9 52
U1 5
U2 44
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1385-1314
J9 NUTR CYCL AGROECOSYS
JI Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 84
IS 3
BP 215
EP 227
DI 10.1007/s10705-008-9238-3
PG 13
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 458BX
UT WOS:000266988700002
ER
PT J
AU Yeum, KJ
Beretta, G
Krinsky, NI
Russell, RM
Aldini, G
AF Yeum, Kyung-Jin
Beretta, Giangiacomo
Krinsky, Norman I.
Russell, Robert M.
Aldini, Giancarlo
TI Synergistic interactions of antioxidant nutrients in a biological model
system
SO NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE Antioxidant network; Synergistic interaction; Total antioxidant
performance
ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CAROTENOID RADICAL CATIONS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL;
VITAMIN-C; BETA-CAROTENE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; SINGLET OXYGEN; URIC-ACID;
PLASMA; OXIDATION
AB Objective: The antioxidant activity of fat- and water-soluble antioxidant nutrients and their interactions in physiologic concentrations were determined in an in vitro biological model system.
Methods: Reconstituted human serum consisting of delipidized human serum (DHS) combined with phosphatidylcholine liposomes (PCL) was used to determine antioxidant activities of physiologic concentrations of antioxidant nutrients. Radicals were initiated with 2,2'-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (2 mmol/L), and oxidation was monitored by 4,4-difluoro-5-(4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-undecanoic acid. Fat-soluble antioxidant nutrients were incorporated into the PCL prepared by sonication and suspended in DHS to avoid any interference by the endogenous fat-soluble antioxidants. Water-soluble antioxidants were added directly into the DHS. The oxidation kinetics were monitored every 5 min up to 2 10 min using a microplate reader (excitation wavelength 500 nm, emission wavelength 520 nm).
Results: We confirmed the synergistic protective effect of the combination of ascorbic acid (1-5 mu M) and a-tocopherol (1-5 mu M) against the oxidation of DHS with PCL. Furthermore, physiologic concentrations of 1) beta-carotene (0.1, 0.5 mu M) and alpha-tocopherol (2.5, 5.0 mu M), 2) beta-carotene (0.1, 0.5 mu M) and ascorbic acid (2.5 mu M), and 3) uric acid (10 uM) and a-tocopherol (2.5, 5.0 mu M) synergistically protected oxidation of reconstituted human serum.
Conclusion: The present study results suggest a wide antioxidant network between water- and fat-soluble antioxidant nutrients in a biological system, although their actions in vivo warrant further study. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yeum, Kyung-Jin; Krinsky, Norman I.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Beretta, Giangiacomo; Aldini, Giancarlo] Univ Milan, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Milan, Italy.
[Krinsky, Norman I.; Russell, Robert M.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Russell, Robert M.] NIH, Off Director, Washington, DC USA.
RP Yeum, KJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM kyungjin.yeum@tufts.edu
RI Beretta, Giangiacomo/D-3861-2011;
OI aldini, giancarlo/0000-0002-2355-6744; Beretta,
Giangiacomo/0000-0003-0987-0857
FU National Eye Institute [R03EY015674]; BioGreen 21 Program
[20070301034009]; Rural Development Administration, Korea; U.S.
Department of Agriculture [581950-9-001]
FX This research was supported in part by grant R03EY015674 from the
National Eye Institute, BioGreen 21 Program (Code, 20070301034009), the
Rural Development Administration, Korea, and the U.S. Department of
Agriculture, under agreement 581950-9-001.
NR 37
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0899-9007
J9 NUTRITION
JI Nutrition
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 25
IS 7-8
BP 839
EP 846
DI 10.1016/j.nut.2009.01.011
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 465II
UT WOS:000267576100016
PM 19398299
ER
PT J
AU Shen, CL
Yeh, JK
Cao, JJ
Wang, JS
AF Shen, Chwan-Li
Yeh, James K.
Cao, Jay J.
Wang, Jia-Sheng
TI Green tea and bone metabolism
SO NUTRITION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Tea polyphenols; Antioxidant; Bone mineral density; Osteoporosis;
Molecular mechanism; Human; Rat; Cell culture
ID NF-KAPPA-B; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA;
ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY; AGED FEMALE RATS; MINERAL DENSITY;
(-)-EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; OSTEOCLAST
DIFFERENTIATION; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
AB Osteoporosis is a major health problem in both elderly women and men. Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between tea consumption and the prevention of age-related bone loss in elderly women and men. Ingestion of green tea and green tea bioactive compounds may be beneficial in mitigating bone loss of this population and decreasing their risk of osteoporotic fractures. This review describes the effect of green tea or its bioactive components on bone health, with an emphasis on (i) the prevalence and etiology of osteoporosis; (ii) the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in osteoporosis; (iii) green tea composition and bioavailability; (iv) the effects of green tea and its active components on osteogenesis, osteoblastogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis from human epidemiological, animal, as well as cell culture studies; (v) possible mechanisms explaining the osteoprotective effects of green tea bioactive compounds; (vi) other bioactive components in tea that benefit bone health; and (vii) a summary and future direction of green tea and bone health research and the translational aspects. In general, tea and its bioactive components might decrease the risk of fracture by improving bone mineral density and supporting ostcoblastic activities while suppressing osteoblastic activities. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shen, Chwan-Li] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA.
[Yeh, James K.] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Appl Bench Core Lab, Mineola, NY 11501 USA.
[Cao, Jay J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA.
[Wang, Jia-Sheng] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30601 USA.
RP Shen, CL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA.
EM leslie.shen@ttuhsc.edu
FU National Institutes of Health/National Center for Complementary and
Alternative Medicine [R21AT003735]; Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's
Health; National Institutes of Health/NCI [CA90997]
FX The preparation of this review was supported by National Institutes of
Health/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine grant
R21AT003735, the Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health (C.L.S.),
and National Institutes of Health/NCI grant CA90997 (J.S.W.). The
authors thank Ryan K. Boettger, Angela Eaton, and Cynthia R. Davidson
for their editorial contribution.
NR 185
TC 59
Z9 60
U1 0
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0271-5317
J9 NUTR RES
JI Nutr. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 29
IS 7
BP 437
EP 456
DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.06.008
PG 20
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 493VG
UT WOS:000269765800001
PM 19700031
ER
PT J
AU Brownawell, AM
Harris, WS
Hibbeln, JR
Klurfeld, DM
Newton, I
Yates, A
AF Brownawell, Amy M.
Harris, William S.
Hibbeln, Joseph R.
Klurfeld, David M.
Newton, Ian
Yates, Allison
TI Assessing the environment for regulatory change for eicosapentaenoic
acid and docosahexaenoic acid nutrition labeling
SO NUTRITION REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE cardiovascular disease (CVD); dietary reference intake (DRI);
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA);
mood-stabilizing effects
ID ESSENTIAL FATTY-ACIDS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; LINOLENIC ACID; N-3;
DEFICIENCY; OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; SECRETION; FISH
AB This review examines issues related to the development of a recommended daily allowance or adequate intake, two of the categories of dietary reference intakes, for the long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3). Although some have suggested a dietary intake of two servings of fatty fish per week or supplement intake of 500 mg/day EPA plus DHA, based on evidence from epidemiologic and clinical studies of cardiovascular benefit from regular fish or fish-oil consumption, supplementation with EPA and/or DHA may also have antidepressant and mood-stabilizing effects. Omega-3 PUFA biology is complex and chronic disease outcomes are sometimes difficult to prove, yet the possibility of benefit for a substantial portion of the population from increased omega-3 PUFA intake is a public health issue that must be addressed responsibly and be based on significant scientific evidence.
C1 [Brownawell, Amy M.] Life Sci Res Off, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Harris, William S.] Univ S Dakota, Sch Med, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Hibbeln, Joseph R.] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Klurfeld, David M.; Yates, Allison] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Newton, Ian] Ceres Consulting, Markham, ON, Canada.
RP Brownawell, AM (reprint author), Life Sci Res Off, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM brownawella@lsro.org
FU Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3 (GOED)
FX The Life Sciences Research Office Workshop held on May, 1 2008, in
Bethesda, Maryland, and this manuscript have been supported by funding
from the Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3 (GOED). Workshop
details and speaker presentations can be found at http://www.LSRO.org.
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0029-6643
J9 NUTR REV
JI Nutr. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 67
IS 7
BP 391
EP 397
DI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00212.x
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 463JG
UT WOS:000267427600003
PM 19566599
ER
PT J
AU Bucci, SJ
Scholz, FG
Goldstein, G
Meinzer, FC
Arce, ME
AF Bucci, Sandra J.
Scholz, Fabian G.
Goldstein, Guillermo
Meinzer, Frederick C.
Arce, Maria E.
TI Soil water availability and rooting depth as determinants of hydraulic
architecture of Patagonian woody species
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Arid vegetation; Hydraulic conductivity; Leaf water potential; Root
depth; Wood density
ID NEOTROPICAL SAVANNA TREES; LEAF FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; TROPICAL FOREST
TREES; CAVITATION RESISTANCE; CHAPARRAL SHRUBS; PLANT-RESPONSES;
RAINFALL EVENTS; STEPPE; VEGETATION; DENSITY
AB Adaptations of species to capture limiting resources is central for understanding structure and function of ecosystems. We studied the water economy of nine woody species differing in rooting depth in a Patagonian shrub steppe from southern Argentina to understand how soil water availability and rooting depth determine their hydraulic architecture. Soil water content and potentials, leaf water potentials (I(Leaf)), hydraulic conductivity, wood density (rho(w)), rooting depth, and specific leaf area (SLA) were measured during two summers. Water potentials in the upper soil layers during a summer drought ranged from -2.3 to -3.6 MPa, increasing to -0.05 MPa below 150 cm. Predawn I(Leaf) was used as a surrogate of weighted mean soil water potential because no statistical differences in I(Leaf) were observed between exposed and covered leaves. Species-specific differences in predawn I(Leaf) were consistent with rooting depths. Predawn I(Leaf) ranged from -4.0 MPa for shallow rooted shrubs to -1.0 MPa for deep-rooted shrubs, suggesting that the roots of the latter have access to abundant moisture, whereas shallow-rooted shrubs are adapted to use water deposited mainly by small rainfall events. Wood density was a good predictor of hydraulic conductivity and SLA. Overall, we found that shallow rooted species had efficient water transport in terms of high specific and leaf specific hydraulic conductivity, low rho(w), high SLA and a low minimum I(Leaf) that exhibited strong seasonal changes, whereas deeply rooted shrubs maintained similar minimum I(Leaf) throughout the year, had stems with high rho(w) and low hydraulic conductivity and leaves with low SLA. These two hydraulic syndromes were the extremes of a continuum with several species occupying different portions of a gradient in hydraulic characteristics. It appears that the marginal cost of having an extensive root system (e.g., high rho(w) and root hydraulic resistance) contributes to low growth rates of the deeply rooted species.
C1 [Bucci, Sandra J.; Scholz, Fabian G.; Goldstein, Guillermo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Bucci, Sandra J.; Scholz, Fabian G.; Arce, Maria E.] Univ Nacl Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Dept Biol, Fac Ciencias Nat, Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina.
[Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, FCEyN, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Bucci, SJ (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
EM sj_bucci@unpata.edu.ar
RI Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012;
OI Bucci, Sandra Janet/0000-0003-1079-9277
FU La Dora Ranch
FX We thank Hector R. Sandin for permission to access the study area at La
Dora Ranch and for logistic support. This work complies with Argentinean
Law.
NR 61
TC 45
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U1 4
U2 58
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 160
IS 4
BP 631
EP 641
DI 10.1007/s00442-009-1331-z
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 460DA
UT WOS:000267165500002
PM 19330355
ER
PT J
AU Beard, KH
Price, EA
Pitt, WC
AF Beard, Karen H.
Price, Emily A.
Pitt, William C.
TI Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 5.
Eleutherodactylus coqui, the Coqui Frog (Anura: Leptodactylidae)
SO PACIFIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID PUERTO-RICAN FROG; TROPICAL FROG; NEOTROPICAL FROG; FOREST FROGS;
ADVERTISEMENT CALLS; POPULATION-DENSITY; PARENTAL CARE; GROWTH-RATES;
RAIN-FOREST; HAWAII
AB The nocturnal, terrestrial frog Eleutherodactylus coqui known as the Coqui, is endemic to Puerto Rico and was accidentally introduced to Hawai'i via nursery plants in the late 1980s. Over the past two decades E. coqui has spread to the four main Hawaiian Islands, and a major campaign was launched to eliminate and control it. One of the primary reasons this frog has received attention is its loud mating call (85-90 dB at 0.5 m). Many homeowners do not want the frogs on their property, and their presence has influenced housing prices. In addition, IS'. coqui has indirectly impacted the floriculture industry because customers are reticent to purchase products potentially infested with frogs. Eleutherodactylus coqui attains extremely high densities In Hawai'i up to 91,000 frogs ha(-1), and can reproduce year-round, once every 1-2 months, and become reproductive around 8-9 months. Although the Coqui has been hypothesized to potentially compete with native insectivores, the Most Obvious potential ecological impact of the invasion is predation invertebrate populations and disruption of associated ecosystem processes. Multiple forms of control have been attempted in Hawai'i with varying success. The most Successful control available at this time is citric acid. currently, the frog is established throughout the island of Hawai'i but may soon be eliminated on the other Hawaiian Islands via control efforts. Eradication is deemed no longer possible on the island of Hawai'i.
C1 [Beard, Karen H.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Price, Emily A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Environm & Soc, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Beard, Karen H.; Price, Emily A.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Pitt, William C.] USDA APHIS WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96721 USA.
RP Beard, KH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM karen.beard@usu.edu
RI Beard, Karen/B-7177-2011
FU Jack Berryruan Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Hawai'i
Invasive Species Council
FX Support for this research came from the Jack Berryruan Institute at Utah
State University, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hawai'i Invasive
Species Council, and USDA/NWRC/APHIS/Wildlife Services. Manuscript
accepted 26 October 2008.
NR 105
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 35
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0030-8870
J9 PAC SCI
JI Pac. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 63
IS 3
BP 297
EP 316
DI 10.2984/049.063.0301
PG 20
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 462KJ
UT WOS:000267351000001
ER
PT J
AU Santin, M
Fayer, R
AF Santin, Monica
Fayer, Ronald
TI A longitudinal study of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in dairy cattle
SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; 1ST DETECTION; FECAL SAMPLES; PREVALENCE;
MICROSPORIDIA; GENOTYPES; HUMANS; CALVES; SWINE
AB Feces from each of 30 Holstein cattle on a Maryland dairy farm were examined at weekly, bimonthly, and then monthly intervals from 1 week to 24 months of age for the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. DNA was extracted from spores cleaned of fecal debris, and a two-step nested PCR protocol was used to amplify a fragment of the internal transcriber spacer region of the rRNA gene. All PCR-positive specimens were sequenced to determine the genotype of E. bieneusi. The overall prevalence was 24% (239/990) with a lower prevalence in pre-weaned calves (less than 8 weeks of age; 11.7%) and heifers (13-24 months of age) than post-weaned calves (3-12 months of age; 44.4%). Over the course of 24 months, the cumulative prevalence of E. bieneusi was 100% since all 30 calves shed spores at some time during the study. One or more of three genotypes of E. bieneusi, J, I, and BEB4, were detected in all 30 animals. Genotype I was detected in all 30 cattle between 1 week and 22 months of age with some cattle remaining infected as long as 17 months. At 4 months of age, 28 cattle were infected with genotype I. Genotype BEB4 was detected briefly in seven cattle, most between 15 and 20 months of age. Genotype J was detected in eight cattle, all between 16 and 24 months of age. This longitudinal study strongly supports the findings of point prevalence, multiple farm studies in which genotypes J, I, and BEB 4 were found. These genotypes appear to be cattle specific and have not been found in humans or other animals.
C1 [Santin, Monica; Fayer, Ronald] ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Fayer, R (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Bldg 173,BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM ronald.fayer@ars.usda.gov
NR 15
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0932-0113
J9 PARASITOL RES
JI Parasitol. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 105
IS 1
BP 141
EP 144
DI 10.1007/s00436-009-1374-4
PG 4
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 448MN
UT WOS:000266266800017
PM 19259701
ER
PT J
AU Nachman, RJ
Wang, XDJ
Etzkorn, FA
Ben Aziz, O
Davidovitch, M
Kaczmarek, K
Zabrocki, J
Strey, A
Pryor, N
Altstein, M
AF Nachman, Ronald J.
Wang, Xiaodong J.
Etzkorn, Felicia A.
Ben Aziz, Orna
Davidovitch, Michael
Kaczmarek, Krzysztof
Zabrocki, Janusz
Strey, Allison
Pryor, Nan
Altstein, Miriam
TI Evaluation of a PK/PBAN analog with an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro isostere
identifies the Pro orientation for activity in four diverse PK/PBAN
bioassays
SO PEPTIDES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pheromonotropic; Pupariation; Melanization; Myotropic; Peptidomimetic;
Neuropeptide; PBAN
ID BIOSYNTHESIS ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; SEX-PHEROMONE BIOSYNTHESIS;
SARCOPHAGA-BULLATA LARVAE; CUTICULAR MELANIZATION; INSECT NEUROPEPTIDES;
HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; LEUCOPHAEA-MADERAE; DIAPAUSE HORMONE; PBAN; FAMILY
AB The pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PK/PBAN) family plays a multifunctional role in an array of important physiological processes in a variety of insects. An active core analog containing an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro isosteric component was evaluated in four disparate PK/PBAN bioassays in four different insect species. These bioassays include pheromone biosynthesis in the moth Heliothis peltigera, melanization in the larval Spodoptera littoralis, pupariation acceleration in the larval fly Neobellieria bullata, and hindgut contraction in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae. The conformationally constrained analog demonstrated activity equivalent to parent PK/PBAN peptides of equal length in all four PK/PBAN bioassays, and matched and/or approached the activity of peptides of natural length in three of them. In the melanization bioassay, the constrained analog exceeded the efficacy (maximal response) of the natural PBAN1-33 by a factor of 2 (at 1 nmol). The results provide strong evidence for the orientation of Pro and the core conformation adopted by PK/PBAN neuropeptides during interaction with receptors associated with a range of disparate PK/PBAN bioassays. The work further identifies a scaffold with which to design mimetic PK/PBAN analogs as potential leads in the development of environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting PK/PBAN-regulated systems. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Nachman, Ronald J.; Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz; Strey, Allison; Pryor, Nan] USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Wang, Xiaodong J.; Etzkorn, Felicia A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Ben Aziz, Orna; Davidovitch, Michael; Altstein, Miriam] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Entomol, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel.
[Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz] Tech Univ Lodz, Inst Organ Chem, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland.
RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F-B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
EM nachman@tamu.edu; vinnie2@agri.gov.il
RI Kaczmarek, Krzysztof/H-5741-2012
FU US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD)
[IS-3356-02]; USDA/DOD DWFP Initiative [0500-32000-001-01R]
FX This research was supported by the US-Israel Binational Agricultural
Research and Development Fund (BARD) (IS-3356-02) (RJN, MA) and a grant
from the USDA/DOD DWFP Initiative (#0500-32000-001-01R) (RJN).
NR 37
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-9781
J9 PEPTIDES
JI Peptides
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1254
EP 1259
DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.04.017
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 470WD
UT WOS:000268012000007
PM 19416747
ER
PT J
AU Doolittle, J
Nelson, F
AF Doolittle, James
Nelson, Frederick
TI Characterising Relict Cryogenic Macrostructures in Mid-Latitude Areas of
the USA with Three-Dimensional Ground-Penetrating Radar
SO PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE ground-penetrating radar; 3D GPR; sediment-filled wedges; relict
polygonal patterns; periglacial; permafrost; remote sensing
ID LATE-PLEISTOCENE PERMAFROST; ICE-WEDGE CASTS; NEW-JERSEY; FEATURES;
ALASKA; BARROW
AB Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has considerable potential for the detection and identification of sediment-filled wedges and relict polygonal patterns in mid-latitude areas. Relict cryogenic macrostructures have been described previously both within and outside the maximum extent of the Late Wisconsinan glacial border in many regions of the USA. The features were formed under climatic conditions associated with permafrost and periglacial conditions and provide evidence of climate change. In this study, buried relict cryogenic macrostructures were identified with GPR. On some two-dimensional GPR (2D GPR) records, boundaries with the host materials are indistinguishable or blurred resulting in the features being overlooked, misinterpreted and/or imprecisely delineated. Three-dimensional GPR (3D GPR) was able to delineate buried networks of sediment-filled wedges and provided more meaningful information than 2D radar records. When supplemented with adequate ground-truth observations, GPR offers considerable potential for imaging, interpreting and mapping near-surface cryogenic macrostructures in former periglacial environments. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Doolittle, James] USDA, NRCS, NSSC, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA.
[Nelson, Frederick] Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Newark, DE USA.
RP Doolittle, J (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, NSSC, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA.
EM jim.doolittle@lin.usda.gov
NR 40
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1045-6740
J9 PERMAFROST PERIGLAC
JI Permafrost Periglacial Process.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 20
IS 3
BP 257
EP 268
DI 10.1002/ppp.644
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geology
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 496HD
UT WOS:000269959700002
ER
PT J
AU Latheef, MA
Carlton, JB
Kirk, IW
Hoffmann, WC
AF Latheef, Mohamed A.
Carlton, James B.
Kirk, Ivan W.
Hoffmann, W. Clint
TI Aerial electrostatic-charged sprays for deposition and efficacy against
sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) on cotton
SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE electrostatics; aerial application; sweet potato whitefly; Bemisia
tabaci; spray deposition
ID INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; CANOPY; SYSTEM; SIZE
AB BACKGROUND: The efficacy of aerial electrostatic-charged sprays was evaluated for spray deposit characteristics and season-long control of sweet potato whitefly (SWF), Bemisia tabaci Genn. biotype B (aka B. argentifolii Bellows & Perring), in an irrigated 24 ha cotton field. Treatments included electrostatic-charged sprays at full and half active ingredient (AI) label rate, uncharged sprays and conventional sprays applied with CP nozzles at full label rate with several different insecticides.
RESULTS: Spray droplet size was significantly smaller for electrostatic-charged sprays than for conventional sprays in top- and mid-canopy locations. The seasonal mean numbers of viable eggs and live large nymphs on cotton treated with electrostatic-charged sprays were comparable with those on cotton treated with conventional applications. Lethal concentration (LC(50)) for adults for electrostatic-charged sprays was comparable with that for conventional sprays.
CONCLUSION: The amenability of electrostatic-charged sprays to a wide array of pesticides with different chemistries should be a useful tool in combating insect resistance. Results reported here suggest that the potential exists for obtaining increased efficacy against whiteflies using an electrostatic spray charging system, and that additional research will be required to improve charge-to-mass (Q/M) ratio in order to increase deposition of pest control materials to the lower surfaces of cotton leaves where the whiteflies reside. Published 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Latheef, Mohamed A.; Carlton, James B.; Kirk, Ivan W.; Hoffmann, W. Clint] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
EM clint.hoffmann@ars.usda.gov
NR 28
TC 10
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 13
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1526-498X
J9 PEST MANAG SCI
JI Pest Manag. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 65
IS 7
BP 744
EP 752
DI 10.1002/ps.1748
PG 9
WC Agronomy; Entomology
SC Agriculture; Entomology
GA 465WH
UT WOS:000267619400004
PM 19291696
ER
PT J
AU Arthur, FH
Liu, SW
Zhao, BG
Phillips, TW
AF Arthur, Frank H.
Liu, Siwei
Zhao, Baige
Phillips, Thomas W.
TI Residual efficacy of pyriproxyfen and hydroprene applied to wood, metal
and concrete for control of stored-product insects
SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE pyriproxyfen; hydroprene; IGR; control; treated surfaces; stored-product
insects; efficacy
ID TRIBOLIUM-CONFUSUM COLEOPTERA; JUVENILE-HORMONE ANALOG; INDIANMEAL MOTH
LEPIDOPTERA; PSOCID SPECIES PSOCOPTERA; FLOUR BEETLES COLEOPTERA;
GROWTH-REGULATORS; DELTAMETHRIN DUST; PYRALIDAE LARVAE; NATURAL ENEMIES;
SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB BACKGROUND: Pyriproxyfen and hydroprene are insect growth regulators (IGRs) that have been evaluated to control insect pests of field crops, but there are limited reports of efficacy against stored-product insects. A laboratory study was conducted to determine residual efficacy of pyriproxyfen and hydroprene on wood, metal and concrete surfaces. Pyriproxyfen was applied to the surfaces at 1.15 and 2.3 mg active ingredient [AI] m(-2), while hydroprene was applied at the label rate of 19 mg Al m(-2). Late-instar larvae of Tribolium confusum Jacqueline DuVal, T. castaneum (Herbst), Oryzaephilus surinamenis L., Losioderma serricorne (F.) and Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) were exposed with a food source on the treated surfaces. Residual testing was conducted at 1, 28 and 56 days post-treatment.
RESULTS: Hydroprene was least persistent on concrete and generally most persistent on metal. Pyriproxyfen gave greater residual persistence than hydroprene, and there was no consistent difference in efficacy among the three surfaces. Efficacy varied among the five insect species, but generally P. interpunctella was the most tolerant species to both IGRs.
CONCLUSIONS: Pyriproxyfen gave effective residual control of primary stored-product insect species by inhibiting adult emergence of exposed larvae. Results show that pyriproxyfen can be a useful addition for pest management programs in mills, warehouses and food storage facilities. Published (C) 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Arthur, Frank H.] USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
[Liu, Siwei; Zhao, Baige; Phillips, Thomas W.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Phillips, Thomas W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov
NR 36
TC 25
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 13
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1526-498X
J9 PEST MANAG SCI
JI Pest Manag. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 65
IS 7
BP 791
EP 797
DI 10.1002/ps.1756
PG 7
WC Agronomy; Entomology
SC Agriculture; Entomology
GA 465WH
UT WOS:000267619400010
PM 19360716
ER
PT J
AU Sims, GK
Taylor-Lovell, S
Tarr, G
Maskel, S
AF Sims, Gerald K.
Taylor-Lovell, Sarah
Tarr, Gabe
Maskel, Shawn
TI Role of sorption and degradation in the herbicidal function of
isoxaflutole
SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE isoxaflutole; sorption; soil; degradation; herbicidal activity
ID DIKETONITRILE DEGRADATE; SOIL; TEMPERATURE; DESORPTION; MOISTURE
AB BACKGROUND: The fate of isoxaflutole (IFT) in soil is closely related to soil sorption. Sorption and transformation of IFT were investigated in laboratory incubations with four soils, and these results were used to interpret greenhouse studies using IFT to control several weed species.
RESULTS: Degradation proceeded by previously observed pathways to form diketonitrile (DKN) and benzoic acid (BA) derivatives, as well as traces of unidentified products. Over the course of the incubation, DKN was the dominant active form of the herbicide present in the experimental system, and was thus critical to the soil activity of the herbicide for weed control.
CONCLUSION: Control of most weed species appeared to be a function of both sorption and biodegradation of DKN, with greatest weed control being observed in soils in which a significant portion of the DKN that was formed persisted and remained bioavailable over the course of the incubation. (C) 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
C1 [Sims, Gerald K.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Taylor-Lovell, Sarah] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT USA.
[Tarr, Gabe; Maskel, Shawn] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Sims, GK (reprint author), USDA ARS, S-218 Turner Hall,1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM gksims@uiuc.edu
RI Sims, Gerald/A-2500-2008; Lovell, Sarah/H-4478-2013
FU Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture
[3611 12220-006-00D]
FX This work was supported by the Agricultural Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, project number 3611 12220-006-00D.
Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely
for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1526-498X
J9 PEST MANAG SCI
JI Pest Manag. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 65
IS 7
BP 805
EP 810
DI 10.1002/ps.1758
PG 6
WC Agronomy; Entomology
SC Agriculture; Entomology
GA 465WH
UT WOS:000267619400012
PM 19333913
ER
PT J
AU Nadler-Hassar, T
Shaner, DL
Nissen, S
Westra, P
Rubin, B
AF Nadler-Hassar, Talia
Shaner, Dale L.
Nissen, Scott
Westra, Phill
Rubin, Baruch
TI Are herbicide-resistant crops the answer to controlling Cuscuta?
SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cuscuta; dodder; herbicide resistance; transgenic crops; amino acid
inhibitors
ID CAMPESTRIS; GLUFOSINATE; PARASITES; HOST
AB BACKGROUND: Herbicide-resistant crop technology could provide new management strategies for the control of parasitic plants. Three herbicide-resistant oilseed rape (Brassica napus W genotypes were used to examine the response of attached Cuscuta campestris Yuncker to glyphosate, imazamox and glufosinate. Cuscata campestris was allowed to establish on all oilseed rape genotypes before herbicides were applied.
RESULTS: Unattached seedlings of C. campestris, C. subinclusa Durand & Hilg. and C. gronovii Willd. were resistant to imazamox and glyphosate and sensitive to glufosinate, indicating that resistance initially discovered in C. campestris is universal to all Cuscuta species. Glufosinate applied to C. campestris attached to glufosinate-resistant oilseed rape had little impact on the parasite, while imazamox completely inhibited C. campestris growth on the imidazolinone-resistant host. The growth of C. campestris on glyphosate-resistant host was initially inhibited by glyphosate, but the parasite recovered and resumed growth within 3-4 weeks.
CONCLUSION: The ability of C. campestris to recover was related to the quality of interaction between the host and parasite and to the resistance mechanism of the host. The parasite was less likely to recover when it had low compatibility with the host, indicating that parasite-resistant crops coupled with herbicide resistance could be highly effective in controlling Cuscuta. Published 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Nadler-Hassar, Talia; Shaner, Dale L.; Nissen, Scott; Westra, Phill; Rubin, Baruch] Colorado State Univ, Weed Sci Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80527 USA.
RP Shaner, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg D,Suite 320, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM dale.shaner@ars.usda.gov
OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133
FU Vaaclia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship [FI-348-2003]; The United
States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
[TA-MOU-01-CA20-006]; US-Israel Cooperative Development Research
Program; Bureau for Economic Growth; Agriculture and Trade; US Agency
for International Development
FX This research was supported in part by Vaaclia-BARD Postdoctoral
Fellowship Award No. FI-348-2003 from BARD, The United States-Israel
Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, and in part by
Grant No. TA-MOU-01-CA20-006 funded by the US-Israel Cooperative
Development Research Program, Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture
and Trade, US Agency for International Development. The authors thank
Frank L Caruso for the supply of Cuscuto gronovii seeds, and Tom Lanini
for the supply of Cuscuta subinclusa seeds.
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1526-498X
J9 PEST MANAG SCI
JI Pest Manag. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 65
IS 7
BP 811
EP 816
DI 10.1002/ps.1760
PG 6
WC Agronomy; Entomology
SC Agriculture; Entomology
GA 465WH
UT WOS:000267619400013
PM 19373859
ER
PT J
AU Wee, JL
Lakeman, MB
Millie, DF
Evens, TJ
Cattolico, RA
AF Wee, J. L.
Lakeman, M. B.
Millie, D. F.
Evens, T. J.
Cattolico, R. A.
TI NANOPHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY ACROSS THE OLIGOHALINE LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN
BASIN ESTUARY: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION UTILIZING psbA SEQUENCES
SO PHYCOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wee, J. L.] Loyola Univ, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Lakeman, M. B.; Cattolico, R. A.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Millie, D. F.] Univ S Florida, Florida Inst Oceanog, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Millie, D. F.] Univ S Florida, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Evens, T. J.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
EM wee@loyno.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT PHYCOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA NEW BUSINESS OFFICE, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0031-8884
J9 PHYCOLOGIA
JI Phycologia
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 48
IS 4
MA 402
BP 140
EP 141
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 472JN
UT WOS:000268126900403
ER
PT J
AU Sinigalliano, CD
Winshell, J
Guerrero, MA
Scorzetti, G
Fell, JW
Eaton, RW
Brand, L
Rein, KS
AF Sinigalliano, Christopher D.
Winshell, Jamie
Guerrero, Maria A.
Scorzetti, Gloria
Fell, Jack W.
Eaton, Richard W.
Brand, Larry
Rein, Kathleen S.
TI Viable cell sorting of dinoflagellates by multiparametric flow cytometry
SO PHYCOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Dinoflagellate; Cell sorting; Flow cytometry
ID PHYTOPLANKTON; POPULATIONS; CULTURES; ECOLOGY; ALGAE
AB Electronic cell sorting for isolation and culture of dinoflagellates and other marine eukaryotic phytoplankton was compared to the traditional method of manually picking cells using a micropipette. Trauma to cells electronically sorted cells was not a limiting factor, as fragile dinoflagellates, such as Karenia brevis (Dinophyceae), survived electronic cell sorting to yield viable cells. The rate of successful isolation of large-scale (> 4 litres) cultures was higher for manual picking than for electronic cell sorting (2% vs 0.5%, respectively). However, manual picking of cells is more labor intensive and time consuming. Most manually isolated cells required repicking, as the cultures were determined not to be unialgal after a single round of isolation; whereas, no cultures obtained in this study from electronic single-cell sorting required resorting. A broad flow cytometric gating logic was employed to enhance species diversity. The percentages of unique genotypes produced by manual picking or electronic cell sorting were similar (57% vs 54%, respectively), and each approach produced a variety of dinoflagellate or raphidophyte genera. Alternatively, a highly restrictive gating logic was successfully used to target K. brevis from a natural bloom sample. Direct electronic single-cell sorting was more successful than utilizing a pre-enrichment sort followed by electronic single-cell sorting. The appropriate recovery medium may enhance the rate of successful isolations. Seventy percent of isolated cells were recovered in a new medium (RE) reported here, which was optimized for axenic dinoflagellate cultures. The greatest limiting factor to the throughput of electronic cell sorting is the need for manual postsort culture maintenance and assessment of the large number of isolated cells. However, when combined with newly developed automated methods for growth screening, electronic single-cell sorting has the potential to accelerate the discovery of new algal strains.
C1 [Winshell, Jamie; Rein, Kathleen S.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Guerrero, Maria A.] Florida Int Univ, SE Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Sinigalliano, Christopher D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Sinigalliano, Christopher D.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Scorzetti, Gloria; Fell, Jack W.; Brand, Larry] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Biol & Fisheries, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Eaton, Richard W.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA.
RP Rein, KS (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM reink@fiu.edu
RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014
OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P50 ES012736, P50 ES012736-05, S11 ES011181]
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 20
PU INT PHYCOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA NEW BUSINESS OFFICE, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0031-8884
J9 PHYCOLOGIA
JI Phycologia
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 48
IS 4
BP 249
EP 257
DI 10.2216/08-51.1
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 472JM
UT WOS:000268126800003
PM 20305733
ER
PT J
AU Lin, LZ
Harnly, JM
Upton, R
AF Lin, Long-Ze
Harnly, James M.
Upton, Roy
TI Comparison of the Phenolic Component Profiles of Skullcap (Scutellaria
lateriflora) and Germander (Teucrium canadense and T. chamaedrys), a
Potentially Hepatotoxic Adulterant
SO PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Scutellaria lateriflora; two Teucrium species; flavonoids;
phenylethanoids; diterpenoids; LC-MS phenolic component profiles
ID NEOCLERODANE DITERPENOIDS; IDENTIFICATION; FLAVONOIDS; GLYCOSIDES; PLANT
AB Introduction - Scutellaria lateriflora, commonly known as skullcap, is used as an ingredient in numerous herbal products. Unfortunately, it has occasionally been adulterated with Teucrium canadense or T. chomaedrys, commonly known as germander, which contains potentially hepatotoxic diterpenes. Chromatographic profiles of the phenolic components provide a means of distinguishing between these plants and enhancing public safety.
Objective - To develop a chromatographic method for the identification of Scutellaria lateriflora and two Teucrium species and to quantify the latter as adulterants.
Methodology - Samples were extracted with aqueous methanol and the extracts were analysed using a standardised LC-DAD-ESI/MS profiling method to obtain their phenolic profiles.
Results - Skullcap contained primarily flavonoids, while the major phenolic components of the two Teucrium species were the phenylethanoids, verbascoside and teucrioside. Using the phenylethanoids as markers, it was possible to clearly distinguish between the two genus and to determine 5% Teucrium mixed with Scutellaria using either ultraviolet absorption spectrometry or mass spectrometry in the total ion count mode. Using MS in the selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode, 1% Teucrium could be measured.
Conclusions - This study showed that chromatographic profiling was able to identify Scutellaria and Teucrium, separately and when mixed together. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Lin, Long-Ze; Harnly, James M.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Upton, Roy] Amer Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Scotts Valley, CA 95067 USA.
RP Lin, LZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, 103000 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 161,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM longze.lin@ars.usda.gov
FU Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture;
Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the
National Institutes of Health
FX This research is supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the
US Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the
Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health.
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0958-0344
J9 PHYTOCHEM ANALYSIS
JI Phytochem. Anal.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 20
IS 4
BP 298
EP 306
DI 10.1002/pca.1127
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry
GA 463DY
UT WOS:000267410500005
PM 19402188
ER
PT J
AU Grunwald, NJ
Goss, EM
Ivors, K
Garbelotto, M
Martin, FN
Prospero, S
Hansen, E
Bonants, PJM
Hamelin, RC
Chastagner, G
Werres, S
Rizzo, DM
Abad, G
Beales, P
Bilodeau, GJ
Blomquist, CL
Brasier, C
Briere, SC
Chandelier, A
Davidson, JM
Denman, S
Elliott, M
Frankel, SJ
Goheen, EM
de Gruyter, H
Heungens, K
James, D
Kanaskie, A
McWilliams, MG
in 't Veld, WM
Moralejo, E
Osterbauer, NK
Palm, ME
Parke, JL
Sierra, AMP
Shamoun, SF
Shishkoff, N
Tooley, PW
Vettraino, AM
Webber, J
Widmer, TL
AF Gruenwald, Niklaus J.
Goss, Erica M.
Ivors, Kelly
Garbelotto, Matteo
Martin, Frank N.
Prospero, Simone
Hansen, Everett
Bonants, Peter J. M.
Hamelin, Richard C.
Chastagner, Gary
Werres, Sabine
Rizzo, David M.
Abad, Gloria
Beales, Paul
Bilodeau, Guillaume J.
Blomquist, Cheryl L.
Brasier, Clive
Briere, Stephan C.
Chandelier, Anne
Davidson, Jennifer M.
Denman, Sandra
Elliott, Marianne
Frankel, Susan J.
Goheen, Ellen M.
de Gruyter, Hans
Heungens, Kurt
James, Delano
Kanaskie, Alan
McWilliams, Michael G.
in 't Veld, Willem Man
Moralejo, Eduardo
Osterbauer, Nancy K.
Palm, Mary E.
Parke, Jennifer L.
Perez Sierra, Ana Maria
Shamoun, Simon F.
Shishkoff, Nina
Tooley, Paul W.
Maria Vettraino, Anna
Webber, Joan
Widmer, Timothy L.
TI Standardizing the Nomenclature for Clonal Lineages of the Sudden Oak
Death Pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE exotic pathogen; forensics; molecular ecology; phylogeography;
population genetics
ID IN-VITRO; NORTH-AMERICAN; EUROPEAN POPULATIONS; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; DNA
POLYMORPHISMS; CENTRAL MEXICO; TOLUCA VALLEY; UNITED-STATES; INFESTANS;
CALIFORNIA
AB Phytophthora ramorum, the causal agent of sudden oak death and ramorum blight, is known to exist as three distinct clonal lineages which can only be distinguished by performing molecular marker-based analyses. However, in the recent literature there exists no consensus on naming of these lineages. Here we propose a system for naming clonal lineages of P. ramorum based on a consensus established by the P. ramorum research community. Clonal lineages are named with a two letter identifier for the continent on which they were first found (e. g., NA = North America; EU = Europe) followed by a number indicating order of appearance. Clonal lineages known to date are designated NA1 (mating type: A2; distribution: North America; environment: forest and nurseries), NA2 (A2; North America; nurseries), and EU1 (predominantly A1, rarely A2; Europe and North America; nurseries and gardens). It is expected that novel lineages or new variants within the existing three clonal lineages could in time emerge.
C1 [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.; Goss, Erica M.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Ivors, Kelly] N Carolina State Univ, Mills River, NC 28759 USA.
[Garbelotto, Matteo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Martin, Frank N.] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA.
[Prospero, Simone] WSL Swiss Fed Res Inst, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Hansen, Everett] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Bonants, Peter J. M.] Wageningen UR, Plant Res Int, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Hamelin, Richard C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada.
[Chastagner, Gary] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA USA.
[Werres, Sabine] Inst Plant Protect Hort & Forests, JKI, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Rizzo, David M.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Abad, Gloria; Palm, Mary E.] USDA APHIS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Beales, Paul] Cent Sci Lab, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England.
[Blomquist, Cheryl L.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA.
[Briere, Stephan C.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Chandelier, Anne] Walloon Agr Res Ctr CRAW, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
[Davidson, Jennifer M.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Frankel, Susan J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
[Goheen, Ellen M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Central Point, OR 97502 USA.
[de Gruyter, Hans; in 't Veld, Willem Man] Plant Protect Serv, NL-6700 HC Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Heungens, Kurt] Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
[James, Delano] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Sidney, BC V8L 1H3, Canada.
[Kanaskie, Alan; McWilliams, Michael G.] Oregon Dept Forestry, Salem, OR 97310 USA.
[Moralejo, Eduardo] CSIC UIB, Inst Mediterraneo Estudios Avanzados IMEDEA, Esporles 07190, Balearic Isl, Spain.
[Osterbauer, Nancy K.] Oregon Dept Agr, Salem, OR 97310 USA.
[Parke, Jennifer L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Perez Sierra, Ana Maria] Univ Politecn Valencia, IAM, Valencia 46022, Spain.
[Shamoun, Simon F.] Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada.
[Shishkoff, Nina; Tooley, Paul W.; Widmer, Timothy L.] USDA ARS FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
[Maria Vettraino, Anna] Univ Tuscia, Dept Plant Protect, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy.
[Brasier, Clive; Denman, Sandra; Webber, Joan] Alice Holt Lodge, Forest Res, Farnham GU10 4LH, Surrey, England.
RP Grunwald, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
EM Nik.Grunwald@ars.usda.gov
RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; Parke, Jennifer/H-8464-2014; Goss,
Erica/H-7020-2014
OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602;
NR 39
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 99
IS 7
BP 792
EP 795
DI 10.1094/PHYTO-99-7-0792
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 457XE
UT WOS:000266968400001
PM 19522576
ER
PT J
AU Parks, R
Carbone, I
Murphy, JP
Cowger, C
AF Parks, Ryan
Carbone, Ignazio
Murphy, J. Paul
Cowger, Christina
TI Population Genetic Analysis of an Eastern US Wheat Powdery Mildew
Population Reveals Geographic Subdivision and Recent Common Ancestry
with UK and Israeli Populations
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID F-SP TRITICI; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; BLUMERIA-GRAMINIS;
DNA-SEQUENCES; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; STATISTICAL TESTS; NESTED CLADE;
WINTER-WHEAT; SP. TRITICI; FSP HORDEI
AB The structure of the U.S. wheat powdery mildew population (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) has not been previously investigated, and the global evolutionary history of B. graminis f. sp. tritici is largely unknown. After gathering 141 single-ascosporic B. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates from 10 eastern U.S. locations, 34 isolates from the United Kingdom, and 28 isolates from Israel, we analyzed pathogen population structure using presumptively neutral markers. DNA was extracted from conidia, primers for 12 "housekeeping" genes were designed, and amplicons were examined for polymorphism. Four genes were found to contain a total of 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the U.S. population and were also analyzed in the U.K. and Israeli populations. In total, 25 haplotypes were inferred from the four concatenated genes, with 2 haplotypes comprising over 70% of the U.S. population. Using Hudson's tests and analysis of molecular variance, we found the wheat mildew isolates subdivided into four groups corresponding to distinct regions: the mid-Atlantic United States, the southern United States, the United Kingdom, and Israel. Genotypic diversity was greatest in samples from the United Kingdom, Israel, Virginia, and Kinston, NC. Using rarefaction, a procedure that compensates for differing sample sizes when estimating population richness and diversity, we found that cooler locations with greater conduciveness to regular powdery mildew epidemics had the greatest haplotype richness. Our results suggest that the eastern U.S. B. graminis f. sp. tritici population is young, descended recently from Old World populations with isolation and genetic drift, and is currently subdivided into northern and southern subpopulations.
C1 [Parks, Ryan; Cowger, Christina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Parks, R (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM wrparks@ncsu.edu
FU Microsoft Corporation
FX Part of this work was carried out with the resources of the
Computational Biology Service Unit from Cornell University, which is
partially funded by Microsoft Corporation. We thank R. Bayles and A.
Skellern at NIAB and A. Dinoor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem for
generously providing mildew cultures; N. Grunwald for assistance in
implementing rarefaction methods, using his software; and C. Gatlin, T.
Gray, P. Labadie, P. Langdon, M. Munster, and J. Patton Ozkurt for
excellent research and technical assistance.
NR 94
TC 10
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 99
IS 7
BP 840
EP 849
DI 10.1094/PHYTO-99-7-0840
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 457XE
UT WOS:000266968400007
PM 19522582
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, DM
Meinzer, FC
Woodruff, DR
Mcculloh, KA
AF Johnson, Daniel M.
Meinzer, Frederick C.
Woodruff, David R.
Mcculloh, Katherine A.
TI Leaf xylem embolism, detected acoustically and by cryo-SEM, corresponds
to decreases in leaf hydraulic conductance in four evergreen species
SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE cavitation; drought stress; transpiration; water potential
ID TRANSPIRATION STREAM; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; PINE NEEDLES; LEAVES;
CAVITATION; CONDUCTIVITY; AQUAPORINS; EMISSIONS; PRESSURE; VULNERABILITY
AB Hydraulic conductance of leaves (K(leaf)) typically decreases with increasing water stress. However, the extent to which the decrease in K(leaf) is due to xylem cavitation, conduit deformation or changes in the extra-xylary pathway is unclear. We measured K(leaf) concurrently with ultrasonic acoustic emission (UAE) in dehydrating leaves of two vessel-bearing and two tracheid-bearing species to determine whether declining K(leaf) was associated with an accumulation of cavitation events. In addition, images of leaf internal structure were captured using cryo-scanning electron microscopy, which allowed detection of empty versus full and also deformed conduits. Overall, K(leaf) decreased as leaf water potentials (Psi(L)) became more negative. Values of K(leaf) corresponding to bulk leaf turgor loss points ranged from 13 to 45% of their maximum. Additionally, Psi(L) corresponding to a 50% loss in conductivity and 50% accumulated UAE ranged from -1.5 to -2.4 MPa and from -1.1 to -2.8 MPa, respectively, across species. Decreases in K(leaf) were closely associated with accumulated UAE and the percentage of empty conduits. The mean amplitude of UAEs was tightly correlated with mean conduit diameter (R(2) = 0.94, P = 0.018). These results suggest that water stress-induced decreases in K(leaf) in these species are directly related to xylem embolism.
C1 [Johnson, Daniel M.; Meinzer, Frederick C.; Woodruff, David R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Mcculloh, Katherine A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Johnson, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM danieljohnson@fs.fed.us
RI Johnson, Daniel/E-6789-2011; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012
OI Johnson, Daniel/0000-0001-5890-3147;
FU National Science Foundation [IOB-0544470]
FX This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant
IOB-0544470. The authors would like to thank Logan Barnart and Matthew
Wibbenmeyer for their helpful assistance in the lab and Peter Kitin and
Derrick Horne for microscopy and imaging. We are also grateful to Dr
Barbara Lachenbruch for critical discussion of ideas.
NR 44
TC 49
Z9 57
U1 3
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0140-7791
J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON
JI Plant Cell Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 7
BP 828
EP 836
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01961.x
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 453HN
UT WOS:000266601600006
PM 19220781
ER
PT J
AU Bunce, JA
AF Bunce, James A.
TI Use of the response of photosynthesis to oxygen to estimate mesophyll
conductance to carbon dioxide in water-stressed soybean leaves
SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE drought; internal conductance; oxygen inhibition
ID INTERNAL CONDUCTANCE; CO2 TRANSFER; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; GAS-EXCHANGE;
FLUORESCENCE PARAMETERS; ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; C-3 LEAVES;
TEMPERATURE; LIMITATIONS; DIFFUSION
AB Methods of estimating the mesophyll conductance (g(m)) to the movement of CO(2) from the substomatal airspace to the site of fixation are expensive or rely upon numerous assumptions. It is proposed that, for C(3) species, measurement of the response of photosynthesis to [O(2)] at limiting [CO(2)], combined with a standard biochemical model of photosynthesis, can provide an estimate of g(m). This method was used to determine whether g(m) changed with [CO(2)] and with water stress in soybean leaves. The value of g(m) estimated using the O(2) response method agreed with values obtained using other methods. The g(m) was unchanged over the tested range of substomatal [CO(2)]. Water stress, which decreased stomatal conductance (g(s)) by about 80%, did not affect g(m), while the model parameter V(Cmax) was reduced by about 25%. Leaves with g(s) reduced by about 90% had g(m) values reduced by about 50%, while V(Cmax) was reduced by about 64%. It is concluded that g(m) in C(3) species can be conveniently estimated using the response of photosynthesis to [O(2)] at limiting [CO(2)], and that g(m) in soybean was much less sensitive to water stress than g(s), and was somewhat less sensitive to water stress than V(Cmax).
C1 ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Bunce, JA (reprint author), ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM james.bunce@ars.usda.gov
NR 36
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0140-7791
J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON
JI Plant Cell Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 7
BP 875
EP 881
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01966.x
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 453HN
UT WOS:000266601600010
PM 19236605
ER
PT J
AU Hily, JM
Singer, SD
Yang, YZ
Liu, ZR
AF Hily, Jean-Michel
Singer, Stacy D.
Yang, Yazhou
Liu, Zongrang
TI A transformation booster sequence (TBS) from Petunia hybrida functions
as an enhancer-blocking insulator in Arabidopsis thaliana
SO PLANT CELL REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
DE MAR; Transformation booster sequence; 35S promoter/enhancer; AGAMOUS
second intron; Arabidopsis thaliana; Enhancer-blocking insulator
ID MATRIX-ATTACHMENT REGION; TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; BETA-GLOBIN
DOMAIN; TRANSGENE EXPRESSION; PLANT TRANSFORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION;
BINDING-PROTEIN; GYPSY RETROTRANSPOSON; MOLECULAR DISSECTION;
NUCLEAR-MATRIX
AB Several matrix-attachment regions (MARs) from animals have been shown to block interactions between an enhancer and promoter when situated between the two. Since a similar function for plant MARs has not been discerned, we tested the Zea mays ADH1 5' MAR, Nicotiana tabacum Rb7 3' MAR and a transformation booster sequence (TBS) MAR from Petunia hybrida for their ability to impede enhancer-promoter interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana. Stable transgenic lines containing vectors in which one of the three MAR elements or a 4 kb control sequence were interposed between the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S enhancer and a flower-specific AGAMOUS second intron-derived promoter (AGIP)::beta-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion were assayed for GUS expression in vegetative tissues. We demonstrate that the TBS MAR element, but not the ADH1 or Rb7 MARs, is able to block interactions between the 35S enhancer and AGIP without compromising the function of either with elements from which they are not insulated.
C1 [Hily, Jean-Michel; Singer, Stacy D.; Yang, Yazhou; Liu, Zongrang] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Liu, ZR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM zongrang.liu@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-ARS; USDA CSREES BRAG [2006-03701]
FX The authors wish to thank Mr. Dennis Bennett (USDA-ARS, Kearneysville,
WV) for his technical assistance, and Dr. Ann Callahan (USDA-ARS,
Kearneysville, WV) for critical reading of the manuscript. This study
was funded by the USDA-ARS Headquarter 2005 and 2007 classes of
postdoctoral grants and a USDA CSREES BRAG grant (2006-03701).
NR 69
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0721-7714
J9 PLANT CELL REP
JI Plant Cell Reports
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 7
BP 1095
EP 1104
DI 10.1007/s00299-009-0700-8
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 462YT
UT WOS:000267395700009
PM 19373469
ER
PT J
AU Wintermantel, WM
Hladky, LL
Cortez, AA
Natwick, ET
AF Wintermantel, William M.
Hladky, Laura L.
Cortez, Arturo A.
Natwick, Eric T.
TI A New Expanded Host Range of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus
Includes Three Agricultural Crops
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID 1ST REPORT; CALIFORNIA; ARIZONA; SQUASH
AB Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) was identified in the fall of 2006 affecting cucurbit production in the southwestern United States (California, Arizona), as well as in nearby Sonora, Mexico, resulting in nearly universal infection of fall melon crops in 2006 and 2007, and late infection of 2007 spring melons. Survival of CYSDV through the largely cucurbit-free winter months suggested the presence of weed or alternate crop hosts, although previous studies indicated a limited host range restricted to members of the Cucurbitaceae. To determine potential reservoir hosts for CYSDV in desert production, weed and crop hosts were collected from throughout the region over a period of 26 months, and were tested for the presence of CYSDV by reverse transcription-polymerise chain reaction (RT-PCR) using CYSDV HSP70h- and coat protein gene-specific primers. Many noncucurbits collected from infected melon fields and nearby areas were symptomless and virus free; however, CYSDV was detected in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), and snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), as well as in several weed species widely prevalent in the region. Typical crinivirus symptoms of interveinal yellowing and leaf brittleness were observed on CYSDV-infected snap bean, alkali mallow (Silo hederacea) and Wright's groundcherry (Physalis wrightii), while other infected crop and weed hosts were symptom less. Transmission tests demonstrated that lettuce, snap bean, alkali mallow, Wright's groundcherry, and buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima) could serve as virus reservoir hosts for transmission of CYSDV to melon and other cucurbits. These results expand the previously known host range of CYSDV, demonstrating that the virus is capable of infecting not only members of the Cucurbitaceae, but also plants in seven additional taxonomic families.
C1 [Wintermantel, William M.; Hladky, Laura L.; Cortez, Arturo A.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA.
[Natwick, Eric T.] Univ Calif, Desert Res & Extens Ctr, Holtville, CA 92250 USA.
RP Wintermantel, WM (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA.
EM bill.wintermantel@ars.usda.gov
FU Western IPM Center [07-001492-UA4]; Western Regional IPM
[2008-03024/GRANT00383452]
FX We thank R. L. Gilbertson for helpful discussions and assistance with
field collections. We also thank Jolene Dessert and the Imperial County,
CA Agricultural Commissioner's Office for assistance with field
identification and plant sampling. This research was supported in part
by funds provided by the California Melon Research Board, the Western
IPM Center IPM Issues Grant Program (07-001492-UA4), and the Western
Regional IPM program (2008-03024/GRANT00383452).
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PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 93
IS 7
BP 685
EP 690
DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-7-0685
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 480HD
UT WOS:000268723500002
ER
PT J
AU Allen, TW
Jones, DC
Boratynski, TN
Ykema, RE
Rush, CM
AF Allen, T. W.
Jones, D. C.
Boratynski, T. N.
Ykema, R. E.
Rush, C. M.
TI Application of the Humid Thermal Index for Relating Bunted Kernel
Incidence to Soilborne Tilletia indica Teliospores in an Arizona Durum
Wheat Field
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID KARNAL BUNT; INOCULUM DENSITY; VERTICILLIUM-DAHLIAE; UNITED-STATES;
DISEASE; RISK; QUARANTINE; EUROPE; TEXAS; SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB A study was conducted to determine the relationship between soilborne Tilletia indica teliospore density and Karnal bunt incidence in an Arizona durum wheat field in 2005 and 2006. Soil samples were collected from 507 sample points according to a grid marked in a 7.7-ha field. Approximately 500 g of soil from the top 5 cm was collected from each sample point, and telio-spores were recovered from 25-g aliquots by a modified size-selective sieving, sucrose centrifugation procedure. Twenty-five and 50 wheat heads were collected from a 1-m(2) area around each sample point in May 2005 and June 2006, respectively. Wheat head samples from each sample point were bulked, threshed, and examined for the presence of bunted kernels. Additionally, data for soilborne teliospores and percent bunted kernels from 70 sample points in 2005 and 2006 that corresponded to sample points from a 2004 bunted kernel survey conducted by the USDA and Arizona Department of Agriculture were analyzed. Soilborne teliospore numbers ranged from 6 to 1,000 per 25-g soil sample in the 2-year study. No bunted kernels were recovered in 2005; however, two sample points yielded bunted kernels in 2006. Weather data from three time periods in 2004, 2005, and 2006 were applied to the humid thermal index model and suggested that a conducive environment for disease development existed in 2005. Based on the data from this research, we concluded that even though high numbers of soilborne teliospores were present in the field, and although a conducive environment was present for disease to develop on only one occasion, a direct relationship between soilborne teliospores and disease incidence may not exist.
C1 [Allen, T. W.; Jones, D. C.; Rush, C. M.] Texas AgriLife Res, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
[Boratynski, T. N.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Brawley, CA 92227 USA.
[Ykema, R. E.] Arizona Dept Agr, Phoenix, AZ 85009 USA.
RP Rush, CM (reprint author), Texas AgriLife Res, 2301 Expt Stn Rd, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
EM cm-rush@tamu.edu
FU Texas Agriculture Experiment Station; USDA-ARS [5430-21000-005-001]
FX This research was conducted under a specific cooperative agreement
between the Texas Agriculture Experiment Station and USDA-ARS under
project number 5430-21000-005-001). We are grateful to C. Childers and
F. Workneh for field assistance, and B. Annen, J. Arthur, D. Harvey, and
H. W. Maples for technical assistance. We would also like to thank C. W.
Randall and the rest of the staff working with the Kamal bunt project in
Seymour/Olney, TX for assistance recovering bunted kernels. M. Ottman,
Extension Agronomist for the University of Arizona, was also an
invaluable source of specific Arizona cropping systems information
throughout the development of this manuscript.
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SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 93
IS 7
BP 713
EP 719
DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-7-0713
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 480HD
UT WOS:000268723500006
ER
PT J
AU Polashock, JJ
Ehlenfeldt, MK
Crouch, JA
AF Polashock, James J.
Ehlenfeldt, Mark K.
Crouch, Jo Anne
TI Molecular Detection and Discrimination of Blueberry red ringspot virus
Strains Causing Disease in Cultivated Blueberry and Cranberry
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOYBEAN CHLOROTIC MOTTLE; IDENTIFICATION; CAULIMOVIRUS
AB Blueberry red ringspot virus (BRRV) causes red ringspots on the stems, leaves, and ripening fruit of infected highbush blueberry (Vaccinium coryrnbosum) plants. The disease was originally observed in New Jersey and has now been reported in other blueberry growing regions in the United States, as well as several locations in Europe. A disease with similar symptoms occurs in American cranberry (V macrocarpon), but BRRV has never been confirmed as the causal agent. Serological detection of BRRV in infected plants has been unsatisfactory. Using a primer set designed for routine detection (RRSV3/RRSV4), we successfully amplified a fragment of the virus from all tissues of infected highbush blueberry plants. Using the same primer set, we confirmed natural infection of BRRV in rabbiteye (V. virgatum) blueberry cultivars and the rabbiteye x V. constablaei hybrid cultivar Little Giant. These species have not been previously reported as hosts for this virus. Viral fragments were cloned from representative blueberry and cranberry plants exhibiting ringspot symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis of sequence data showed that cranberry strains of BRRV are precursors to the more derived blueberry strains. The techniques reported in this paper are being used to evaluate strain variation in Vaccinium species and to identify the as yet unknown vector(s) of this virus.
C1 [Polashock, James J.; Ehlenfeldt, Mark K.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, PE Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA.
[Crouch, Jo Anne] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Polashock, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, PE Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, 125A Lake Oswego Rd, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA.
EM james.polashock@ars.usda.gov
RI Crouch, Jo Anne/F-4322-2012;
OI Crouch, Jo Anne/0000-0001-6886-8090
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SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 93
IS 7
BP 727
EP 733
DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-7-0727
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 480HD
UT WOS:000268723500008
ER
PT J
AU Weiland, JE
Nelson, AH
Hudler, GW
AF Weiland, Jerry E.
Nelson, Angela H.
Hudler, George W.
TI Effects of Mefenoxam, Phosphonate, and Paclobutrazol on In Vitro
Characteristics of Phytophthora cactorum and P. citricola and on Canker
Size of European Beech
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID FOSETYL-AL; METALAXYL; CINNAMOMI; TREES; VARIABILITY; ALMOND; CROWN;
ROOT; ROT
AB Phytophthora citricola and P. cactorum cause bleeding cankers that lead to the death of mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in the northeastern United States. The effects of two fungicides and a plant growth regulator on in vitro pathogen characteristics and on canker expansion were investigated. In the first experiment, 16 single-spore isolates (1 I P. citricola and 5 P cactorum) were grown on clarified V8 juice agar amended with (i) 0 to 20 mu g a.i./ml of mefenoxam, (ii) 0 to 301,429 mu g a.i./ml phosphonate either with or without a bark-penetrating surfactant at 0.5 mg a.i./ml, or (iii) 0 to 25 mg a.i./ml of the surfactant alone. Radial growth, oospore production, and zoospore germination were observed to be dependent on isolate and treatment. A species effect on growth was also observed, as P. cactorum isolates were 2.5- to sevenfold less sensitive to phosphonate, but 2- to 150-fold more sensitive to mefenoxam than P citricola isolates (based on 50% inhibition of growth). In the second experiment, bark and soil drenches of mefenoxam (50 mg a.i./ml and 19 mu g a.i./ml, respectively), phosphonate (301,429 and 101 mu g a.i./ml, respectively), Bind a soil drench of paclobutrazol (21 mg a.i./ml) were evaluated for their efficacy as curative or preventive treatments against bleeding canker. None of the treatments (curative or preventive) were able to stop canker expansion or prevent infection. However, saplings inoculated with P citricola and treated with the phosphonate bark drench as either a curative or preventive treatment had cankers that were 36 to 82% shorter than those of inoculated control stems treated with water. For saplings inoculated with P. cactorum, the phosphonate bark drench was only effective when applied as a preventive (38% shorter than inoculated control steins treated with water), and not as a curative treatment. No other treatment was effective at limiting canker expansion.
C1 [Weiland, Jerry E.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Nelson, Angela H.; Hudler, George W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
RP Weiland, JE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM Jerry.Weiland@ars.usda.gov
FU Agri-Chem Inc.; Rainbow TreeCare Scientific Advancements Inc.; Cornell
University Agricultural Experiment Station Federal Formula Funds
[NYC1536413]
FX do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S Department of
Agriculture.Research reported herein was supported in part by grants
from Agri-Chem Inc., Rainbow TreeCare Scientific Advancements Inc., and
the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station Federal Formula
Funds, Project No. NYC1536413 received from Cooperative State Research,
Education and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Any
opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this
publication are those of the author(s) and
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SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 93
IS 7
BP 741
EP 746
DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-7-0741
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 480HD
UT WOS:000268723500010
ER
PT J
AU Owens, RA
Girsova, NV
Kromina, KA
Lee, IM
Mozhaeva, KA
Kastalyeva, TB
AF Owens, Robert A.
Girsova, Natalya V.
Kromina, Ksenia A.
Lee, Ing Ming
Mozhaeva, Karina A.
Kastalyeva, Tatyana B.
TI Russian Isolates of Potato spindle tuber viroid Exhibit Low Sequence
Diversity
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEMIC TRAFFICKING; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; TERTIARY STRUCTURE;
NUCLEIC-ACID; RNA MOTIF; EVOLUTIONARY; REPLICATION; VARIANTS; MATRIX;
PSTVD
AB Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is currently widespread in seed potatoes grown in Russia. Characterization of 39 PSTVd isolates collected over a 15-year period from widely separated areas in Russia revealed the presence of 17 different sequence variants, all but one of which were previously unknown. Most variants were recovered only once, but two were more widely distributed; one of these was a mild variant previously isolated in Germany, the second was a novel variant inducing symptoms similar to those of the type strain in tomato. Despite this apparent lack of population diversity, several informative PSTVd variants were recovered. Sequence changes in the pathogenicity and variable domains were particularly common, but previously unknown changes were also detected within the loop E motif in the central domain, a structural motif known to play a key role in PSTVd replication and host range determination.
C1 [Owens, Robert A.; Lee, Ing Ming] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Girsova, Natalya V.; Kromina, Ksenia A.; Mozhaeva, Karina A.; Kastalyeva, Tatyana B.] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol VNIIF, Vyazemskii 143050, Moscow Region, Russia.
RP Owens, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM robert.a.owens@ars.usda.gov
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PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 93
IS 7
BP 752
EP 759
DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-7-0752
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 480HD
UT WOS:000268723500012
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, BD
Domier, LL
AF Nelson, B. D.
Domier, L. L.
TI First Report of Soybean mosaic virus on Soybean in North Dakota.
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT News Item
C1 [Nelson, B. D.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA.
[Domier, L. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Nelson, BD (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA.
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SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 93
IS 7
BP 760
EP 760
DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-7-0760C
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 480HD
UT WOS:000268723500015
ER
PT J
AU Fornwalt, PJ
Kaufmann, MR
Huckaby, LS
Stohlgren, TJ
AF Fornwalt, Paula J.
Kaufmann, Merrill R.
Huckaby, Laurie S.
Stohlgren, Thomas J.
TI Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a
montane Colorado forest
SO PLANT ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Community composition; Pinus ponderosa C. Lawson; Multivariate analyses;
Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco; Riparian areas; Species richness
ID PINE/DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS
AB Throughout Pinus ponderosa-Pseudotsuga menziesii forests of the southern Colorado Front Range, USA, intense logging and domestic grazing began at the time of Euro-American settlement in the late 1800s and continued until the early 1900s. We investigated the long-term impacts of these settlement-era activities on understory plant communities by comparing understory composition at a historically logged and grazed site to that of an environmentally similar site which was protected from past use. We found that species richness and cover within functional groups rarely differed between sites in either upland or riparian areas. Multivariate analyses revealed little difference in species composition between sites on uplands, though compositional differences were apparent in riparian zones. Our findings suggest that settlement-era logging and grazing have had only minor long-term impacts on understories of upland Front Range P. ponderosa-P. menziesii forests, though they have had a greater long-term influence on riparian understories, where these activities were likely the most intense.
C1 [Fornwalt, Paula J.; Kaufmann, Merrill R.; Huckaby, Laurie S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Stohlgren, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Stohlgren, Thomas J.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Fornwalt, PJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM pfornwalt@fs.fed.us
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1385-0237
EI 1573-5052
J9 PLANT ECOL
JI Plant Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 203
IS 1
BP 99
EP 109
DI 10.1007/s11258-008-9513-z
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 451EY
UT WOS:000266454700009
ER
PT J
AU Gore, MA
Wright, MH
Ersoz, ES
Bouffard, P
Szekeres, ES
Jarvie, TP
Hurwitz, BL
Narechania, A
Harkins, TT
Grills, GS
Ware, DH
Buckler, ES
AF Gore, Michael A.
Wright, Mark H.
Ersoz, Elhan S.
Bouffard, Pascal
Szekeres, Edward S.
Jarvie, Thomas P.
Hurwitz, Bonnie L.
Narechania, Apurva
Harkins, Timothy T.
Grills, George S.
Ware, Doreen H.
Buckler, Edward S.
TI Large-Scale Discovery of Gene-Enriched SNPs
SO PLANT GENOME
LA English
DT Article
AB Whole-genome association studies of complex traits in higher eukaryotes require a high density of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers at genome-wide coverage. To design high-throughput, multiplexed SNP genotyping assays, researchers must first discover large numbers of SNPs by extensively resequencing multiple individuals or lines. For SNP discovery approaches using short read-lengths that next-generation DNA sequencing technologies offer, the highly repetitive and duplicated nature of large plant genomes presents additional challenges. Here, we describe a genomic library construction procedure that facilitates pyrosequencing of genic and low-copy regions in plant genomes, and a customized computational pipeline to analyze and assemble short reads (100-200 bp), identify allelic reference sequence comparisons, and call SNPs with a high degree of accuracy. With maize (Zea mays L.) as the test organism in a pilot experiment, the implementation of these methods resulted in the identification of 126,683 putative SNPs between two maize inbred lines at an estimated false discovery rate (FDR) of 15.1%. We estimated rates of false SNP discovery using an internal control, and we validated these FDR rates with an external SNP dataset that was generated using locus-specific PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. These results show that this approach has wide applicability for efficiently and accurately detecting gene-enriched SNPs in large, complex plant genomes.
C1 [Gore, Michael A.] Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Wright, Mark H.] Cornell Univ, Dep Genet & Dev, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ersoz, Elhan S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ware, Doreen H.] USDA ARS, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA.
[Harkins, Timothy T.] Roche Appl Sci Corp, Indianapolis, IN 46250 USA.
[Grills, George S.] Cornell Univ, Life Sci Core Labs Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Inst Genom Divers, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Gore, MA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, 175 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM mag87@cornell.edu; mhw6@cornell.edu
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DBI-0321467, DBI-0638566, DBI-0701382,
DBI-0606461]; United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture
Research Service
FX We thank D. Costich, S. Myles, J. Peiffer, and especially M. Hamblin for
their insights and critical review of the manuscript, L. Rigamer Lirette
for technical editing of the manuscript, and three anonymous reviewers
for helpful comments. This work was supported in part by U.S. National
Science Foundation grants DBI-0321467 and DBI-0638566 and United States
Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service. Mark H. Wright
was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DBI-0701382 and
DBI-0606461. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this
publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information
and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States
Department of Agriculture.
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PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1940-3372
J9 PLANT GENOME-US
JI Plant Genome
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 121
EP 133
DI 10.3835/plantgenome2009.01.0002
PG 13
WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA V26WO
UT WOS:000208575900003
ER
PT J
AU Szucs, P
Blake, VC
Bhat, PR
Chao, SAM
Close, TJ
Cuesta-Marcos, A
Muehlbauer, GJ
Ramsay, L
Waugh, R
Hayes, PM
AF Szucs, Peter
Blake, Victoria C.
Bhat, Prasanna R.
Chao, Shiaoman
Close, Timothy J.
Cuesta-Marcos, Alfonso
Muehlbauer, Gary J.
Ramsay, Luke
Waugh, Robbie
Hayes, Patrick M.
TI An Integrated Resource for Barley Linkage Map and Malting Quality QTL
Alignment
SO PLANT GENOME
LA English
DT Article
AB Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an economically important model plant for genetics research. Barley is currently served by an increasingly comprehensive set of tools for genetic analysis that have recently been augmented by high-density genetic linkage maps built with gene-based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNP-based maps need to be aligned with earlier generation maps, which were used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection, by integrating multiple types of markers into a single map. A 2383 locus linkage map was developed using the Oregon Wolfe Barley (OWB) Mapping Population to allow such alignments. The map is based on 1472 SNP, 722 DArT, and 189 prior markers which include morphological, simple sequence repeat (SSR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and sequence tagged site (STS) loci. This new OWB map forms, therefore, a useful bridge between high-density SNP-only maps and prior QTL reports. The application of this bridge concept is shown using malting-quality QTLs from multiple mapping populations, as reported in the literature. This is the first step toward developing a Barley QTL Community Curation workbook for all types of QTLs and maps, on the GrainGenes website. The OWB-related resources are available at OWB Data and GrainGenes Tools (OWB-DGGT) (http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/maps/OWB/).
C1 [Szucs, Peter; Cuesta-Marcos, Alfonso; Hayes, Patrick M.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Blake, Victoria C.] Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Bhat, Prasanna R.; Close, Timothy J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dep Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Muehlbauer, Gary J.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Ramsay, Luke; Waugh, Robbie] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Genet Programme, Dundee DD2 5NE, Scotland.
RP Hayes, PM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM patrick.m.hayes@oregonstate.edu
FU USDA-CSREES-NRI [2006-55606-16722]; "Barley Coordinated Agricultural
Project: Leveraging Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery
and Barley Improvement", UK [SA LINK 302/BB/D522003/1]; Association
Genetics of Elite UK Barleys; NSF DBI "Coupling EST and Bacterial
Artificial Chromosome Resources to Access the Barley Genome" [0321756]
FX This work was made possible by the vision, skill, and dedication of Dr.
Robert Wolfe. This research was supported by USDA-CSREES-NRI Grant No.
2006-55606-16722, "Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging
Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery and Barley
Improvement", UK SA LINK 302/BB/D522003/1 "Association Genetics of Elite
UK Barleys", and NSF DBI Grant No. 0321756 "Coupling EST and Bacterial
Artificial Chromosome Resources to Access the Barley Genome." We extend
our sincere gratitude to all who, over the years, have contributed data
to the OWB map. Special thanks to Ann Corey for curation of the OWB
genetic stocks and to Tanya Filichkina for assistance in genotyping and
resequencing of malting quality related genes.
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PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1940-3372
J9 PLANT GENOME-US
JI Plant Genome
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 134
EP 140
DI 10.3835/plantgenome2008.01.005
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA V26WO
UT WOS:000208575900004
ER
PT J
AU Bilyeu, K
Ren, CW
Nguyen, HT
Herman, E
Sleper, DA
AF Bilyeu, Kristin
Ren, Chengwei
Nguyen, Henry T.
Herman, Eliot
Sleper, David A.
TI Association of a Four-Basepair Insertion in the P34 Gene with the
Low-Allergen Trait in Soybean
SO PLANT GENOME
LA English
DT Article
AB The value of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is determined in part by functionality of major seed components, extractable oil and high protein meal. Soybean meal is an important protein source for animal feeds, and use of soybean meal by the food industry is increasing. Food allergens have negative impacts for both foods and feeds. The major soybean allergen, Gly m Bd 30K, was identified as the P34 protein, a low abundance but highly conserved seed protein. Recently, two soybean germplasm accessions (PI 567476 and PI 603570A) were identified as having reduced P34 content without other collateral changes in seed protein composition. In order to develop molecular markers to enhance breeding for low P34, our objective was to characterize the P34 gene region in wild-type and low-P34 soybean lines and exploit any sequence differences to allow direct selection for mutant P34 alleles. The results indicated the two low-P34 germplasm accessions contain a four-basepair insertion at the P34 start codon. The mutant allele may inhibit efficient translation initiation of the P34 protein. Inheritance of the mutant P34 alleles completely associated with the low-P34 phenotype. Molecular markers were developed that were based on the mutant allele of the P34 gene.
C1 [Bilyeu, Kristin] Univ Missouri Columbia, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Ren, Chengwei] Beta Seed Inc, Tangent, OR 97389 USA.
[Sleper, David A.] Univ Missouri Columbia, Life Sci Ctr, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Herman, Eliot] USDA ARS, D Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA.
RP Bilyeu, K (reprint author), Univ Missouri Columbia, USDA ARS, 108 Waters Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM bilyeuk@missouri.edu
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PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1940-3372
J9 PLANT GENOME-US
JI Plant Genome
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 141
EP 148
DI 10.3835/plantgenome2009.01.0006
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA V26WO
UT WOS:000208575900005
ER
PT J
AU Calla, B
Vuong, T
Radwan, O
Hartman, GL
Clough, SJ
AF Calla, Bernarda
Tri Vuong
Radwan, Osman
Hartman, Glen L.
Clough, Steven J.
TI Gene Expression Profiling Soybean Stem Tissue Early Response to
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and In Silico Mapping in Relation to Resistance
Markers
SO PLANT GENOME
LA English
DT Article
AB White mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, can be a serious disease of crops grown under cool, moist environments. In many plants, such as soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], complete genetic resistance does not exist. To identify possible genes involved in defense against this pathogen, and to determine possible physiological changes that occur during infection, a microarray screen was conducted using stem tissue to evaluate changes in gene expression between partially resistant and susceptible soybean genotypes at 8 and 14 hours post inoculation. RNA from 15 day-old inoculated plants was labeled and hybridized to soybean cDNA microarrays. ANOVA identified 1270 significant genes from the comparison between time points and 105 genes from the comparison between genotypes. Selected genes were classified into functional categories. The analyses identified changes in cell-wall composition and signaling pathways, as well as suggesting a role for anthocyanin and anthocyanidin synthesis in the defense against S. sclerotiorum. In-silico mapping of both the differentially expressed transcripts and of public markers associated with partial resistance to white mold, provided evidence of several differentially expressed genes being closely positioned to white mold resistance markers, with the two most promising genes encoding a PR-5 and anthocyanidin synthase.
C1 [Calla, Bernarda; Tri Vuong; Radwan, Osman; Hartman, Glen L.; Clough, Steven J.] Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Hartman, Glen L.; Clough, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Clough, SJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM steven.clough@ars.usda.gov
NR 66
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1940-3372
J9 PLANT GENOME-US
JI Plant Genome
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 149
EP 166
DI 10.3835/plantgenome2008.02.0008
PG 18
WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA V26WO
UT WOS:000208575900006
ER
PT J
AU Gillman, JD
Pantalone, VR
Bilyeu, K
AF Gillman, Jason D.
Pantalone, Vincent R.
Bilyeu, Kristin
TI The Low Phytic Acid Phenotype in Soybean Line CX1834 Is Due to Mutations
in Two Homologs of the Maize Low Phytic Acid Gene
SO PLANT GENOME
LA English
DT Article
AB Plant seeds accumulate phosphorus in the form of myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexa-kisphosphate, commonly referred to as phytic acid. Phytic acid is found complexed with cationic mineral species in the form of phytate, which is not well digested or absorbed by monogastric species such as humans, poultry, and swine. As a result, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has an effective deficiency of phosphorus and other minerals, despite high levels of minerals and phosphorus in the seed. Excreted phytate can also contribute to phosphorus contamination of groundwater and eutrophication of freshwater lakes and streams. In maize (Zea mays L. ssp. mays), a recessive mutation in a conserved region within the low phytic acid 1 (lpa1) gene is responsible for the low phytic acid phenotype. We have identified recessive mutations in two soybean homologs of the maize lpa1 gene in soybean line CX1834, a mutagenized line with a low phytic acid phenotype. In three populations analyzed, we identified complete association between homozygosity for mutant alleles of the two lpa1 homologs and the low phytic acid phenotype in soybean. Molecular marker assays were designed that can be used to directly select for the mutant alleles that control the phenotype.
C1 [Gillman, Jason D.; Bilyeu, Kristin] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Pantalone, Vincent R.] Univ Tennessee, Dep Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Bilyeu, K (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, 110 Waters Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM bilyeuk@missouri.edu
FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; United Soybean Board
FX The authors appreciate the excellent technical assistance of Ashley
Tetlow. This research was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research
Service and the United Soybean Board.
NR 26
TC 21
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 7
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1940-3372
J9 PLANT GENOME-US
JI Plant Genome
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 179
EP 190
DI 10.3835/plantgenome2008.03.0013
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA V26WO
UT WOS:000208575900008
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, J
Patzoldt, WL
Radwan, O
Tranel, PJ
Clough, SJ
AF Zhu, Jin
Patzoldt, William L.
Radwan, Osman
Tranel, Patrick J.
Clough, Steven J.
TI Effects of Photosystem-II-Interfering Herbicides Atrazine and Bentazon
on the Soybean Transcriptome
SO PLANT GENOME
LA English
DT Article
AB Atrazine and bentazon are both photosystem-II (PSII)-inhibiting herbicides that interfere with photosynthetic electron transport, provoking oxidative stress. While atrazine is lethal to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], bentazon does not kill soybean because of the capability of soybeans to metabolize the herbicide. Gene expression profiling was conducted using cDNA microarrays to understand the responses of soybeans to PSII interruption and concomitant stress caused by atrazine and bentazon by monitoring expression at 1, 2, 4, and 8 h after treatment (HAT). The microarray study revealed that 6646 genes were differentially expressed with high statistical significance over the experiment, with 88% of them sharing similar expression pattern between the atrazine and bentazon treatments. Many genes related to xenobiotic detoxification and antioxidation, such as cytochrome P450s, glutathione-S-transferases, superoxide dismutases, catalases, and tocophero cyclases, were induced by the herbicides. The study also discovered plants treated with bentazon started to recover between 4 and 8 HAT as reflected in the decreased amplitude of fold changes of most genes from 4 to 8 HAT. The 12% of the genes that were differentially expressed between atrazine and bentazon were largely related to cell recovery, such as genes related to ribosomal components.
C1 [Zhu, Jin; Patzoldt, William L.; Radwan, Osman; Tranel, Patrick J.; Clough, Steven J.] Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Clough, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Clough, SJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM sjclough@illinois.edu
FU USDA-ARS Current Research Information System [3611-21000-018-00D];
University of Illinois Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center
FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Min Li and Haitao Xiang for
providing programming assistance, and Ms. Marisol Benitez and Ms.
Bernarda Calla for statistical assistance and discussions. Funding
support was provided through the USDA-ARS Current Research Information
System 3611-21000-018-00D and the University of Illinois Soybean Disease
Biotechnology Center.
NR 117
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 18
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1940-3372
J9 PLANT GENOME-US
JI Plant Genome
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 191
EP 205
DI 10.3835/plantgenome2009.02.0010
PG 15
WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA V26WO
UT WOS:000208575900009
ER
PT J
AU Baser, KHC
Demirci, B
Ozek, G
Duran, A
Tabanca, N
Wedge, DE
AF Baser, K. H. C.
Demirci, B.
Ozek, G.
Duran, A.
Tabanca, N.
Wedge, D. E.
TI Research into chemistry and biological activities of Prangos Lindl.
(Apiaceae) species of Turkey
SO PLANTA MEDICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 55th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the
Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Research-and-Natural-Product-Research
CY AUG 16-20, 2009
CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND
SP Soc Medicinal Plant & Nat Prod Res
C1 [Baser, K. H. C.; Demirci, B.; Ozek, G.] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey.
[Duran, A.] Selcuk Univ, Fac Educ, Dept Biol, TR-42090 Meram, Konya, Turkey.
[Tabanca, N.; Wedge, D. E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA, ARS, NPURU,Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA.
RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0032-0943
J9 PLANTA MED
JI Planta Med.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 9
BP 888
EP 888
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine
GA 481JQ
UT WOS:000268806600041
ER
PT J
AU Vougogiannopoulou, K
Fokialakis, N
Aligiannis, N
Cantrell, C
Skaltsounis, AL
AF Vougogiannopoulou, K.
Fokialakis, N.
Aligiannis, N.
Cantrell, C.
Skaltsounis, A. L.
TI New caulindoles from Raputia simulans Kallunki
SO PLANTA MEDICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 55th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the
Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Research-and-Natural-Product-Research
CY AUG 16-20, 2009
CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND
SP Soc Medicinal Plant & Nat Prod Res
C1 [Vougogiannopoulou, K.; Fokialakis, N.; Aligiannis, N.; Skaltsounis, A. L.] Univ Athens, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy & Nat Prod Chem, GR-15771 Athens, Greece.
[Cantrell, C.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0032-0943
J9 PLANTA MED
JI Planta Med.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 9
BP 926
EP 926
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine
GA 481JQ
UT WOS:000268806600174
ER
PT J
AU Ma, LJ
Ibrahim, AS
Skory, C
Grabherr, MG
Burger, G
Butler, M
Elias, M
Idnurm, A
Lang, BF
Sone, T
Abe, A
Calvo, SE
Corrochano, LM
Engels, R
Fu, JM
Hansberg, W
Kim, JM
Kodira, CD
Koehrsen, MJ
Liu, B
Miranda-Saavedra, D
O'Leary, S
Ortiz-Castellanos, L
Poulter, R
Rodriguez-Romero, J
Ruiz-Herrera, J
Shen, YQ
Zeng, QD
Galagan, J
Birren, BW
Cuomo, CA
Wickes, BL
AF Ma, Li-Jun
Ibrahim, Ashraf S.
Skory, Christopher
Grabherr, Manfred G.
Burger, Gertraud
Butler, Margi
Elias, Marek
Idnurm, Alexander
Lang, B. Franz
Sone, Teruo
Abe, Ayumi
Calvo, Sarah E.
Corrochano, Luis M.
Engels, Reinhard
Fu, Jianmin
Hansberg, Wilhelm
Kim, Jung-Mi
Kodira, Chinnappa D.
Koehrsen, Michael J.
Liu, Bo
Miranda-Saavedra, Diego
O'Leary, Sinead
Ortiz-Castellanos, Lucila
Poulter, Russell
Rodriguez-Romero, Julio
Ruiz-Herrera, Jose
Shen, Yao-Qing
Zeng, Qiandong
Galagan, James
Birren, Bruce W.
Cuomo, Christina A.
Wickes, Brian L.
TI Genomic Analysis of the Basal Lineage Fungus Rhizopus oryzae Reveals a
Whole-Genome Duplication
SO PLOS GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CANDIDA-ALBICANS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD;
MUCOR-ROUXII; YEAST; EVOLUTION; IRON; RESISTANCE; CLASSIFICATION;
MUCORMYCOSIS
AB Rhizopus oryzae is the primary cause of mucormycosis, an emerging, life-threatening infection characterized by rapid angioinvasive growth with an overall mortality rate that exceeds 50%. As a representative of the paraphyletic basal group of the fungal kingdom called "zygomycetes,'' R. oryzae is also used as a model to study fungal evolution. Here we report the genome sequence of R. oryzae strain 99-880, isolated from a fatal case of mucormycosis. The highly repetitive 45.3 Mb genome assembly contains abundant transposable elements (TEs), comprising approximately 20% of the genome. We predicted 13,895 protein-coding genes not overlapping TEs, many of which are paralogous gene pairs. The order and genomic arrangement of the duplicated gene pairs and their common phylogenetic origin provide evidence for an ancestral whole-genome duplication (WGD) event. The WGD resulted in the duplication of nearly all subunits of the protein complexes associated with respiratory electron transport chains, the V-ATPase, and the ubiquitin-proteasome systems. The WGD, together with recent gene duplications, resulted in the expansion of multiple gene families related to cell growth and signal transduction, as well as secreted aspartic protease and subtilase protein families, which are known fungal virulence factors. The duplication of the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway, especially the major azole target, lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase (ERG11), could contribute to the variable responses of R. oryzae to different azole drugs, including voriconazole and posaconazole. Expanded families of cell-wall synthesis enzymes, essential for fungal cell integrity but absent in mammalian hosts, reveal potential targets for novel and R. oryzae-specific diagnostic and therapeutic treatments.
C1 [Ma, Li-Jun; Grabherr, Manfred G.; Calvo, Sarah E.; Engels, Reinhard; Kodira, Chinnappa D.; Koehrsen, Michael J.; O'Leary, Sinead; Zeng, Qiandong; Galagan, James; Birren, Bruce W.; Cuomo, Christina A.] MIT, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Ma, Li-Jun; Grabherr, Manfred G.; Calvo, Sarah E.; Engels, Reinhard; Kodira, Chinnappa D.; Koehrsen, Michael J.; O'Leary, Sinead; Zeng, Qiandong; Galagan, James; Birren, Bruce W.; Cuomo, Christina A.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ibrahim, Ashraf S.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Torrance, CA 90509 USA.
[Skory, Christopher] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Midwest Area, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Burger, Gertraud; Lang, B. Franz; Shen, Yao-Qing] Univ Montreal, Dept Biochem, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
[Butler, Margi; Poulter, Russell] Univ Otago, Dept Biochem, Otago, New Zealand.
[Elias, Marek] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Idnurm, Alexander] Univ Missouri, Sch Biol Sci, Div Cell Biol & Biophys, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
[Sone, Teruo; Abe, Ayumi] Hokkaido Univ, Res Fac Agr, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
[Corrochano, Luis M.; Rodriguez-Romero, Julio] Univ Seville, Dept Genet, Seville, Spain.
[Fu, Jianmin; Wickes, Brian L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Hansberg, Wilhelm] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fisiol Celular, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Liu, Bo] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Miranda-Saavedra, Diego] Cambridge Inst Med Res, Cambridge, England.
[Ortiz-Castellanos, Lucila; Ruiz-Herrera, Jose] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Ingn Genet, Unidad Irapuato, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
RP Ma, LJ (reprint author), MIT, Broad Inst, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM lijun@broad.mit.edu; wickes@uthscsa.edu
RI Corrochano, Luis/F-5720-2010; Sone, Teruo/A-4269-2012; Miranda-Saavedra,
Diego/C-2707-2012; Elias, Marek/D-6851-2014; Idnurm,
Alexander/K-8558-2013; Rodriguez-Romero, Julio/K-7972-2014;
OI Cuomo, Christina/0000-0002-5778-960X; Corrochano,
Luis/0000-0002-6282-6567; Elias, Marek/0000-0003-0066-6542; Idnurm,
Alexander/0000-0001-5995-7040; Rodriguez-Romero,
Julio/0000-0001-8304-4014; Engels, Reinhard/0000-0003-0921-0736; Ma,
Li-Jun/0000-0002-2733-3708; Galagan, James/0000-0003-0542-3291
FU National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI); [R01 AI063503];
[PR054228]
FX The genome sequencing of R. oryzae was funded by the National Human
Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) (http://www.genome.gov/) and conducted
at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard. This work was also supported
by R01 AI063503 to ASI and PR054228 to BLW. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 134
Z9 162
U1 7
U2 33
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-7390
J9 PLOS GENET
JI PLoS Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 7
AR e1000549
DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000549
PG 11
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 486SZ
UT WOS:000269219500045
PM 19578406
ER
PT J
AU Venugopal, SC
Jeong, RD
Mandal, MK
Zhu, SF
Chandra-Shekara, AC
Xia, Y
Hersh, M
Stromberg, AJ
Navarre, D
Kachroo, A
Kachroo, P
AF Venugopal, Srivathsa C.
Jeong, Rae-Dong
Mandal, Mihir K.
Zhu, Shifeng
Chandra-Shekara, A. C.
Xia, Ye
Hersh, Matthew
Stromberg, Arnold J.
Navarre, DuRoy
Kachroo, Aardra
Kachroo, Pradeep
TI Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 and Salicylic Acid Act Redundantly to
Regulate Resistance Gene-Mediated Signaling
SO PLOS GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; TURNIP CRINKLE VIRUS;
ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; OLEIC-ACID; CELL-DEATH; DEFENSE RESPONSES; PLANT
DEFENSE; ESSENTIAL COMPONENT; MILDEW RESISTANCE; JASMONIC-ACID
AB Resistance (R) protein-associated pathways are well known to participate in defense against a variety of microbial pathogens. Salicylic acid (SA) and its associated proteinaceous signaling components, including enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1), non-race-specific disease resistance 1 (NDR1), phytoalexin deficient 4 (PAD4), senescence associated gene 101 (SAG101), and EDS5, have been identified as components of resistance derived from many R proteins. Here, we show that EDS1 and SA fulfill redundant functions in defense signaling mediated by R proteins, which were thought to function independent of EDS1 and/or SA. Simultaneous mutations in EDS1 and the SA-synthesizing enzyme SID2 compromised hypersensitive response and/or resistance mediated by R proteins that contain coiled coil domains at their N-terminal ends. Furthermore, the expression of R genes and the associated defense signaling induced in response to a reduction in the level of oleic acid were also suppressed by compromising SA biosynthesis in the eds1 mutant background. The functional redundancy with SA was specific to EDS1. Results presented here redefine our understanding of the roles of EDS1 and SA in plant defense.
C1 [Venugopal, Srivathsa C.; Jeong, Rae-Dong; Mandal, Mihir K.; Zhu, Shifeng; Chandra-Shekara, A. C.; Xia, Ye; Kachroo, Aardra; Kachroo, Pradeep] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Hersh, Matthew; Stromberg, Arnold J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Stat, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Navarre, DuRoy] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Prosser, WA USA.
RP Venugopal, SC (reprint author), Metahelix Life Sci Private Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
EM pk62@uky.edu
FU NSF [0421914]; USDA-NRI [2004-03287]; KSEF [419-RDE-004, 555-RDE-005,
622-RDE-006]
FX This work was supported by grants from NSF (MCB#0421914), USDA-NRI
(2004-03287), and KSEF (419-RDE-004, 555-RDE-005, 622-RDE-006). The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 62
TC 60
Z9 67
U1 2
U2 12
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-7390
J9 PLOS GENET
JI PLoS Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 7
AR e1000545
DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000545
PG 18
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 486SZ
UT WOS:000269219500041
PM 19578402
ER
PT J
AU Yamanaka, T
Liebhold, AM
AF Yamanaka, Takehiko
Liebhold, Andrew M.
TI Mate-location failure, the Allee effect, and the establishment of
invading populations
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MANAGEMENT; ERADICATION; DYNAMICS; SUCCESS; TIME
C1 [Yamanaka, Takehiko] Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Biodivers Div, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan.
[Liebhold, Andrew M.] USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Yamanaka, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Biodivers Div, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan.
EM apple@affrc.go.jp
RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008
OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 51
IS 3
BP 337
EP 340
DI 10.1007/s10144-009-0158-0
PG 4
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 451RB
UT WOS:000266486500001
ER
PT J
AU Kramer, AM
Dennis, B
Liebhold, AM
Drake, JM
AF Kramer, Andrew M.
Dennis, Brian
Liebhold, Andrew M.
Drake, John M.
TI The evidence for Allee effects
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Critical density; Depensation; Inverse density dependence; Mate
limitation; Predator satiation; Positive density dependence
ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; FISH
STOCKS; GYPSY-MOTH; MODELS; EXTINCTION; PREDATION; RISK; SIZE
AB Allee effects are an important dynamic phenomenon believed to be manifested in several population processes, notably extinction and invasion. Though widely cited in these contexts, the evidence for their strength and prevalence has not been critically evaluated. We review results from 91 studies on Allee effects in natural animal populations. We focus on empirical signatures that are used or might be used to detect Allee effects, the types of data in which Allee effects are evident, the empirical support for the occurrence of critical densities in natural populations, and differences among taxa both in the presence of Allee effects and primary causal mechanisms. We find that conclusive examples are known from Mollusca, Arthropoda, and Chordata, including three classes of vertebrates, and are most commonly documented to result from mate limitation in invertebrates and from predator-prey interactions in vertebrates. More than half of studies failed to distinguish component and demographic Allee effects in data, although the distinction is crucial to most of the population-level dynamic implications associated with Allee effects (e.g., the existence of an unstable critical density associated with strong Allee effects). Thus, although we find conclusive evidence for Allee effects due to a variety of mechanisms in natural populations of 59 animal species, we also find that existing data addressing the strength and commonness of Allee effects across species and populations is limited; evidence for a critical density for most populations is lacking. We suggest that current studies, mainly observational in nature, should be supplemented by population-scale experiments and approaches connecting component and demographic effects.
C1 [Kramer, Andrew M.; Drake, John M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Dennis, Brian] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Liebhold, Andrew M.] USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Kramer, AM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM kramera3@uga.edu
RI Kramer, Andrew/C-5495-2008; Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Drake,
John/D-6622-2012;
OI Kramer, Andrew/0000-0002-9031-6580; Liebhold,
Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Drake, John/0000-0003-4646-1235
NR 70
TC 146
Z9 146
U1 14
U2 131
PU SPRINGER TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 51
IS 3
BP 341
EP 354
DI 10.1007/s10144-009-0152-6
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 451RB
UT WOS:000266486500002
ER
PT J
AU Tobin, PC
Robinet, C
Johnson, DM
Whitmire, SL
Bjornstad, ON
Liebhold, AM
AF Tobin, Patrick C.
Robinet, Christelle
Johnson, Derek M.
Whitmire, Stefanie L.
Bjornstad, Ottar N.
Liebhold, Andrew M.
TI The role of Allee effects in gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.),
invasions
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Biological invasions; Establishment; Invasion dynamics; Nonindigenous
species; Spread
ID MATING SUCCESS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; INVADING ORGANISMS; UNITED-STATES;
PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; NATURAL ENEMIES;
PEST-MANAGEMENT; SEX ATTRACTANT; NORTH-AMERICA
AB Allee effects have been applied historically in efforts to understand the low-density population dynamics of rare and endangered species. Many biological invasions likewise experience the phenomenon of decreasing population growth rates at low population densities because most founding populations of introduced nonnative species occur at low densities. In range expansion of established species, the initial colonizers of habitat beyond the organism's current range are usually at low density, and thus could be subject to Allee dynamics. There has been consistent empirical and theoretical evidence demonstrating, and in some cases quantifying, the role of Allee dynamics in the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), invasion of North America. In this review, we examine the potential causes of the Allee effect in the gypsy moth and highlight the importance of mate-finding failure as a primary mechanism behind an Allee effect, while the degree to which generalist predators induce an Allee effect remains unclear. We then explore the role of Allee effects in the establishment and spread dynamics of the gypsy moth system, which conceptually could serve as a model system for understanding how Allee effects manifest themselves in the dynamics of biological invasions.
C1 [Tobin, Patrick C.; Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
[Robinet, Christelle] INRA, UR Zool Forestiere 633, F-45075 Orleans, France.
[Johnson, Derek M.] Univ Louisiana, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Whitmire, Stefanie L.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Agron & Soils, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
[Bjornstad, Ottar N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Bjornstad, Ottar N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Tobin, PC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM ptobin@fs.fed.us
RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Bjornstad, Ottar/I-4518-2012; Johnson,
Derek/B-6409-2012
OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534;
NR 111
TC 47
Z9 52
U1 7
U2 46
PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
EI 1438-390X
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 51
IS 3
SI SI
BP 373
EP 384
DI 10.1007/s10144-009-0144-6
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 451RB
UT WOS:000266486500004
ER
PT J
AU Fauvergue, X
Hopper, KR
AF Fauvergue, Xavier
Hopper, Keith Roderick
TI French wasps in the New World: experimental biological control
introductions reveal a demographic Allee effect
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biological invasion; Bottleneck; Competition; Mating; Propagule
pressure; Sex pheromone
ID TRAIL SEX-PHEROMONE; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; PARASITOID WASP;
SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; POPULATION MANAGEMENT; RELEASE STRATEGIES;
INVASION BIOLOGY; CONTROL AGENTS; NEW-ZEALAND; FIELD
AB Many populations introduced into a novel environment fail to establish. One underlying process is the Allee effect, i.e., the difficulty of individuals to survive and reproduce when rare, and the consequently low or negative population growth. Although observations showing a positive relation between initial population size and establishment probability suggest that the Allee effect could be widespread in biological invasions, experimental tests are scarce. Here, we used a biological control program against Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the United States to manipulate initial population size of the introduced parasitoid Aphelinus asychis Walker (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) originating from France. For eight populations and three generations after introduction, we studied spatial distribution and spread, density, mate-finding, and population growth. Dispersal was lower in small populations during the first generation. Smaller initial population size nonetheless resulted in lower density during the three generations studied. The proportion of mated females and the population sex ratio were not affected by initial population size or population density. Net reproductive rate decreased with density within each generation, suggesting negative density-dependence. But for a given density, net reproductive rate was smaller in populations initiated with few individuals than in populations initiated with many individuals. Hence, our results demonstrate a demographic Allee effect. Mate-finding is excluded as an underlying mechanism, and other component Allee effects may have been overwhelmed by negative density-dependence in reproduction. Impact of generalist predators could provide one potential explanation for the relationship between initial population size and net reproductive rate. However, the continuing effect of initial population size on population growth suggests genetic processes may have been involved in the observed demographic Allee effect.
C1 [Fauvergue, Xavier] UNSA Interact Biot & Sante Vegetale, CNRS, INRA, UMR 1301, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France.
[Hopper, Keith Roderick] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insect Introduct Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA.
RP Fauvergue, X (reprint author), UNSA Interact Biot & Sante Vegetale, CNRS, INRA, UMR 1301, 400 Routes Chappes,BP 167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France.
EM xavier.fauvergue@sophia.inra.fr; Keith.Hopper@ars.usda.gov
RI fauvergue, xavier/B-9108-2012
OI fauvergue, xavier/0000-0002-3579-7721
NR 57
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 24
PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
EI 1438-390X
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 51
IS 3
SI SI
BP 385
EP 397
DI 10.1007/s10144-009-0147-3
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 451RB
UT WOS:000266486500005
ER
PT J
AU Yamanaka, T
Liebhold, AM
AF Yamanaka, Takehiko
Liebhold, Andrew M.
TI Spatially implicit approaches to understand the manipulation of mating
success for insect invasion management
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Allee effect; Male annihilation; Mating-disruption; Mass-trapping;
Random mating model; Sterile insect release
ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; PEST-CONTROL; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MALE
ANNIHILATION; SEX-PHEROMONE; ERADICATION; MODELS; LYMANTRIIDAE;
POPULATIONS; DISRUPTION
AB Recent work indicates that Allee effects (the positive relationship between population size and per capita growth rate) are critical in determining the successful establishment of invading species. Allee effects may create population thresholds, and failure to establish is likely if invading populations fall below these thresholds. There are many mechanisms that may contribute to Allee effects, but mate-location failure is a common cause in sexually reproducing insects. Consequently, mate-location failure represents a type of "weak link" that may be enhanced in order to achieve eradication of insect populations during the early stages of invasion. In this paper, spatially implicit models that account for mating behavior of both sexes are used to explore the enhancement of mate-location failure in pest eradication programs. Distinct from the previous studies, the Allee effect emerges from a mechanistic representation of mate-location failure in our model. Three specific eradication strategies, sterile insect release, mass-trapping, and mating disruption, are incorporated into the model and tested for their ability to depress population growth during the early stages of invasions. We conducted simulations with the model parameterized to represent two types of insects: Coleopteran-like insects which are long-lived and capable of multiple matings, but have low daily reproductive rates, and Lepidopteran-like insects which are capable of mating only once per generation, have an ephemeral reproductive stage, and have high reproductive rates. Simulations indicated that: (1) many insect pests are more likely to be eradicated than had been previously predicted by classic models which do not account for mate-finding difficulties, (2) for Lepidopteran-like insects, mass-trapping has the greatest potential for eradication among the three methods when a large number of traps can be installed, although mating-disruption will be the most effective if we can anticipate confusion or trail-masking mechanisms of disruption, and (3) populations of Coleopteran-like insects may be most effectively eradicated using the sterile male release method. Though more detailed models should be tailored for individual species, we expect that the spatially implicit approaches outlined in this paper can be widely adapted to study the efficiency of various eradication approaches in sparse conditions.
C1 [Yamanaka, Takehiko] Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Biodivers Div, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan.
[Liebhold, Andrew M.] USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Yamanaka, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Biodivers Div, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan.
EM apple@affrc.go.jp
RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008
OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534
NR 56
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 51
IS 3
BP 427
EP 444
DI 10.1007/s10144-009-0155-3
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 451RB
UT WOS:000266486500009
ER
PT J
AU Whitaker, BD
Villalobos-Acuna, M
Mitcham, EJ
Mattheis, JP
AF Whitaker, Bruce D.
Villalobos-Acuna, Max
Mitcham, Elizabeth J.
Mattheis, James P.
TI Superficial scald susceptibility and alpha-farnesene metabolism in
'Bartlett' pears grown in California and Washington
SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pear fruit; Pyrus communis; alpha-farnesene; Conjugated trienols;
Ethylene; Superficial scald
ID CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE STORAGE; TRIENE OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; GRANNY-SMITH
APPLES; STORED APPLES; FUNCTIONAL DISORDER; 1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE 1-MCP;
CONJUGATED TRIENOLS; DANJOU PEARS; ETHYLENE; FRUIT
AB 'Bartlett' pears grown in northern California (CA) consistently show development of the physiological storage disorder superficial scald, particularly after prolonged storage of 4-5 months in air. In contrast, fruit of this cultivar grown in central Washington (WA) are typically less susceptible to scald, exhibiting mild or no symptoms. Conjugated triene (CT) oxidation products of the sesquiterpene alpha-farnesene are thought to play a key role in scald induction in apples and pears. This study compared accumulation of alpha-farnesene and its CT products in peel tissue of CA- and WA-grown 'Bartlett' pears during air storage at -1 degrees C in relation to scald development after transfer to 20 degrees C. Pears were harvested from commercial orchards in 2006 and 2007 and stored under nearly identical conditions for up to 24 weeks. Peel tissue samples taken at harvest and at 2-4-week interval during storage were analyzed by HPLC to determine concentrations of alpha-farnesene and CTs. Measurements of flesh firmness, respiration, and ethylene production were also made at harvest and/or from 1 to 8 d after removal from storage to 20 degrees C. WA fruit from the second harvest in 2006 developed light superficial scald after 20 weeks of cold storage plus 5 d at 20 degrees C; all others were scald-free. By contrast, all CA fruit from both seasons showed light scald after 12-14 weeks, and moderate scald after 20-24 weeks, plus shelf life. Correspondingly, alpha-farnesene and CTs accumulated more rapidly and on average reached about twofold higher concentrations in CA compared with WA fruit over the first 8-12 weeks of storage. CA fruit also had an earlier rise in ethylene production, higher respiratory rates, and lower flesh firmness at harvest than WA fruit. These suggest advanced maturity, which may have contributed to the increased rates of alpha-farnesene synthesis and oxidation, and higher incidence of scald. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Whitaker, Bruce D.] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Villalobos-Acuna, Max; Mitcham, Elizabeth J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Mattheis, James P.] ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA.
RP Whitaker, BD (reprint author), ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Bldg 002,Rm 117,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM bruce.whitaker@ars.usda.gov
NR 46
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-5214
J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC
JI Postharvest Biol. Technol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 1-2
BP 43
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2009.04.002
PG 8
WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 465JP
UT WOS:000267579900006
ER
PT J
AU Park, SW
Burnham, MR
Branton, SL
Gerard, PD
Womack, SK
Peebles, ED
AF Park, S. W.
Burnham, M. R.
Branton, S. L.
Gerard, P. D.
Womack, S. K.
Peebles, E. D.
TI Influence of supplemental dietary poultry fat on the performance of
commercial layers inoculated before or at the onset of lay with F-strain
Mycoplasma gallisepticum
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum; inoculation; layer; performance;
poultry fat
ID DUAL INFECTION; EGG-PRODUCTION; HENS; AGE; 25-HYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL;
SYNOVIAE; OVERLAYS; QUALITY; PHYTASE; CYCLE
AB The effects of F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG) inoculation and 1.5% supplemental dietary poultry fat (PF) on the performance of commercial layers between 20 and 58 wk of age were investigated. Sham and FMG inoculations were administered at 12 (before lay) and 22 (early in lay) wk and dietary treatments (basal control diets and basal control diets with 1.5% supplemental PF) were initiated at 20 wk of age. Mortality at wk 47 and 53 was greatest in birds inoculated with FMG at 22 wk. Feed consumption from 20 to 23 and from 52 to 55 wk of age was greater in birds that were inoculated with FMG (12 or 22 wk). However, feed consumption decreased in birds that were inoculated at 12 wk (sham or FMG) when 1.5% supplemental PF was added to the diet. Percentage of total egg production (EP) between 22 and 58 wk of age was highest in hens that were inoculated with FMG at 22 wk. Furthermore, weekly EP increased at wk 27 and 58 and decreased at wk 47 after birds had been inoculated with FMG (12 or 22 wk), and increased at 22 wk and decreased at 54 wk when inoculations (sham or FMG) were given at 22 wk. Egg weight was increased at wk 29, 31, 39, 40, 42, 44, 53, and 58 in birds that were inoculated with FMG (12 or 22 wk); however, there were no coherent treatment effects on eggshell quality. An FMG inoculation at 22 wk may promote total EP through 58 wk, whereas the inoculation of commercial layers with FMG (12 or 22 wk) may increase subsequent feed consumption during the early and late stages of EP and increase egg weight throughout lay. However, the supplementation of hen diets with 1.5% PF beginning at 20 wk of age may reduce subsequent feed consumption throughout lay in birds having experienced a prelay (12 wk) inoculation.
C1 [Park, S. W.; Burnham, M. R.; Womack, S. K.; Peebles, E. D.] ARS, Dept Poultry Sci, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Branton, S. L.] ARS, Poultry Res Unit, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Peebles, ED (reprint author), ARS, Dept Poultry Sci, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM dpeebles@poultry.msstate.edu
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 0032-5791
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PD JUL 1
PY 2009
VL 88
IS 7
BP 1365
EP 1372
DI 10.3382/ps.2009-00015
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 462ST
UT WOS:000267377600005
PM 19531705
ER
PT J
AU Chen, M
Payne, WS
Dunn, JR
Chang, S
Zhang, HM
Hunt, HD
Dodgson, JB
AF Chen, M.
Payne, W. S.
Dunn, J. R.
Chang, S.
Zhang, H. M.
Hunt, H. D.
Dodgson, J. B.
TI Retroviral delivery of RNA interference against Marek's disease virus in
vivo
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE RNA interference; retroviral vector; Marek's disease virus; short
hairpin micro-RNA; gallid herpesvirus type 2
ID LEUKOSIS-SARCOMA VIRUSES; HAIRPIN-RNA; REPLICATION; INHIBITION; CHICKEN;
VECTOR; SYSTEM; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION; SEQUENCES
AB The process of RNA interference (RNAi) has been exploited in cultured chicken cells and in chick embryos to assess the effect of specific gene inhibition on phenotypes related to development and disease. We previously demonstrated that avian leukosis virus-based retroviral vectors are capable of delivering effective RNAi against Marek's disease virus (MDV) in cell culture. In this study, similar RNAi vectors are shown to reduce the replication of MDV in live chickens. Retroviral vectors were introduced into d 0 chick embryos, followed by incubation until hatching. Chicks were challenged with 500 pfu of strain 648A MDV at day of hatch, followed by assays for viremia at 14 d postinfection. Birds were monitored for signs of Marek's disease for 8 wk. A stem-loop PCR assay was developed to measure siRNA expression levels in birds. Delivery of RNAi co-targeting the MDV gB glycoprotein gene and ICP4 transcriptional regulatory gene significantly reduced MDV viremia in vivo, although to lesser extents than were observed in cell culture. Concomitant reductions in disease incidence also were observed, and the extent of this effect depended on the potency of the MDV challenge virus inoculum. Successful modification of phenotypic traits in live birds with retroviral RNAi vectors opens up the possibility that such approaches could be used to alter the expression of candidate genes hypothesized to influence a variety of quantitative traits including disease susceptibility.
C1 [Chen, M.; Payne, W. S.; Dodgson, J. B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Dunn, J. R.; Chang, S.; Zhang, H. M.; Hunt, H. D.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
RP Dodgson, JB (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM dodgson@msu.edu
FU USDA National Research Initiative Competitive [2004-35204-14780]
FX This work was supported in part by the USDA National Research Initiative
Competitive Grants Program (2004-35204-14780). We thank the following
members of the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Avian Disease and
Oncology Laboratory (East Lansing, MI): Lucy Lee, Robert Silva, Taejoong
Kim, Mohammad Heidari, and Richard Witter for gifts of antibodies, PCR
primers, virus stocks, and assistance in viral plaque assays and Evelyn
Young for excellent support in animal care and viral challenges. We
thank Sheri L. Holmen of the Nevada Cancer Institute (Las Vegas) for
advice on vector construction.
NR 39
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 8
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 0032-5791
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PD JUL 1
PY 2009
VL 88
IS 7
BP 1373
EP 1380
DI 10.3382/ps.2009-00070
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 462ST
UT WOS:000267377600006
PM 19531706
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, TA
Pulford, B
Wyckoff, AC
Meyerett, C
Michel, B
Gertig, K
Hoover, EA
Jewell, JE
Telling, GC
Zabel, MD
AF Nichols, T. A.
Pulford, Bruce
Wyckoff, A. Christy
Meyerett, Crystal
Michel, Brady
Gertig, Kevin
Hoover, Edward A.
Jewell, Jean E.
Telling, Glenn C.
Zabel, Mark D.
TI Detection of protease-resistant cervid prion protein in water from a
CWD-endemic area
SO PRION
LA English
DT Article
DE prions; chronic wasting disease; water; environment; serial protein
misfolding cyclic amplification
ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; MISFOLDING CYCLIC AMPLIFICATION; CAPTIVE MULE
DEER; INFECTIOUS PRIONS; IN-VITRO; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; SCRAPIE
PRION; TRANSMISSION; PARTICLES; BLOOD
AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is the only known transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting free-ranging wildlife. Although the exact mode of natural transmission remains unknown, substantial evidence suggests that prions can persist in the environment, implicating components thereof as potential prion reservoirs and transmission vehicles.(1-4) CWD-positive animals may contribute to environmental prion load via decomposing carcasses and biological materials including saliva, blood, urine and feces. 5-7 Sensitivity limitations of conventional assays hamper evaluation of environmental prion loads in soil and water. Here we show the ability of serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification (sPMCA) to amplify a 1.3 x 10(-7) dilution of CWD-infected brain homogenate spiked into water samples, equivalent to approximately 5 x 10(7) protease resistant cervid prion protein (PrPCWD) monomers. We also detected PrPCWD in one of two environmental water samples from a cWD endemic area collected at a time of increased water runoff from melting winter snow pack, as well as in water samples obtained concurrently from the flocculation stage of water processing by the municipal water treatment facility. Bioassays indicated that the PrPCWD detected was below infectious levels. These data demonstrate detection of very low levels of PrPCWD in the environment by sPMCA and suggest persistence and accumulation of prions in the environment that may promote CWD transmission.
C1 [Nichols, T. A.; Pulford, Bruce; Wyckoff, A. Christy; Meyerett, Crystal; Michel, Brady; Hoover, Edward A.; Zabel, Mark D.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Nichols, T. A.; Wyckoff, A. Christy] Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Gertig, Kevin] Ft Collins Util, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Jewell, Jean E.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Wyoming State Vet Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Telling, Glenn C.] Univ Kentucky, Sanders Brown Ctr Aging, Dept Microbiol Immunol Mol Genet & Neurol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.
RP Zabel, MD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM mark.zabel@colostate.edu
FU North American Deer Farmers Association; Colorado Section of the
American Water Resources Association; City of Fort Collins Water Board;
Colorado State University College Research Council and Infectious
Disease Initiative
FX The authors thank the North American Deer Farmers Association, the
Colorado Section of the American Water Resources Association, the City
of Fort Collins Water Board and the Colorado State University College
Research Council and Infectious Disease Initiative. We thank Tom Holley
and Les Nichols for help with water collections, Kathleen Ganzer, Judy
Billica and Grant Jones for help with water quality analyses and Terry
Spraker for CWD- infected brain samples, technical assistance and
advice.
NR 45
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 3
U2 16
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
EI 1933-690X
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 3
BP 171
EP 183
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 506UQ
UT WOS:000270802300008
PM 19823039
ER
PT J
AU Henry, TJ
AF Henry, Thomas J.
TI A NEW SPECIES OF PYCNODERIELLA (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE: BRYOCORINAE:
ECCRITOTARSINAE) FROM THE WEST INDIES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Insecta; Hemiptera; new species; Cuba; Jamaica; relationships
AB The new eccritotarsine plant bug Pycnoderiella insularis, n. sp., is described from Cuba and Jamaica and compared with the type species of Pycnoderiella Henry, P. virginiana Henry, known from only a restricted coastal area of Virginia, in the eastern United States. Color dorsal and lateral adult images, illustrations of male genitalia, and a key are provided to facilitate recognition. The relationship of Pycnoderiella with other New World eccritotarsine Bryocorinae is discussed.
C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC-0168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 111
IS 3
BP 603
EP 608
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.603
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 481UZ
UT WOS:000268838800006
ER
PT J
AU Horton, DR
Lewis, TM
AF Horton, David R.
Lewis, Tamera M.
TI ANTHOCORIS CONFUSUS COLLECTED FROM WESTERN WASHINGTON STATE, WITH A
SUMMARY OF NORTH AMERICAN RECORDS (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE introduced species; true bugs; Fagus; Tilia; Anthocoris nemoralis;
Campyloneura virgula; Orthotylus nassatus; Deraeocoris fasciolus
ID UNITED-STATES; TRUE BUGS; CANADA; MIRIDAE; LASIOCHILIDAE; LYCTOCORIDAE;
ISLANDS
AB The predatory true bug Anthocoris confusus Reuter is native to Europe and Asia. Scattered records for this species in North America date from 1929. In 2007-2008, we collected adults and nymphs of A. confusus from deciduous trees in western Washington State. This is the second North American record for A. conj sus from west of the Rocky Mountains, and is the First record from the western United States. Specimens were collected from European beech (Fagus sylvatica; Fagaceae) and linden (Tilia sp.; Tiliaceae). The linden trees were heavily infested with the aphid Eucallipterus tiliae. The presence of adult and immature bugs, and the occurrence of the species at the collecting site in consecutive years, suggests that A. confusus is established at this location. We summarize North American records for A. confusus, briefly discuss host plant records, and list traits used to separate A. confusus from other Anthocoris spp. Additional predatory Heteroptera collected from linden and European beech included three other Old World species, Anthocoris nemoralis (Anthocoridae), Campyloneura virgula (Miridae), and Orthotylus nassatus (Miridae), as well as one native species, Deraeocoris fasciolus (Miridae); the record for O. nassatus is the first for this species from western North America.
C1 [Horton, David R.; Lewis, Tamera M.] USDA ARS, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Horton, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
EM david.horton@ars.usda.gov
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 111
IS 3
BP 609
EP 616
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.609
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 481UZ
UT WOS:000268838800007
ER
PT J
AU Kula, RR
Martinez, JJ
Walsh, GC
AF Kula, Robert R.
Jose Martinez, Juan
Cabrera Walsh, Guillermo
TI SUPPLEMENT TO REVISION OF NEW WORLD CHAENUSA HALIDAY SENSU LATO
(HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE: ALYSIINAE)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Dacnusini; Hydrocharitaceae; Brazilian waterweed; Nearctic; Neotropical;
biological control; new records; new species; parasitoid; taxonomy
ID DISTRIBUTION RECORDS
AB Chaenusa aurantium Kula and Martinez, new species and Chaenusa steineri Kula, new species, both from the Neotropical Region, are described. The former species was reared from an undescribed species of Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Ephydridae) in Argentina under evaluation for control of Egeria densa (Planch.) (Alismatales: Hydrocharitaceae), Brazilian waterweed, in the United States. Chaenusa pallidinervis (Brethes), also from the Neotropical Region, is redescribed. New distribution records are reported for Chaenusa americana (Riegel), Chaenusa bergi (Riegel), Chaenusa quadriceps (Ashmead), Chaenusa trumani Kula, Chaenusa whartoni Kula, and Chaenusa woolleyi Kula from the Nearctic Region, as well as Chaenusa ireneae Kula from the Neotropical Region. These data supplement a recently published revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato.
C1 [Kula, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Jose Martinez, Juan] Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Div Entomol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Cabrera Walsh, Guillermo] USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, RA-1686 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Kula, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM Robert.Kula@ars.usda.gov; jjmartinez@.macn.gov.ar;
gcabrera@speedy.com.ar
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 111
IS 3
BP 641
EP 655
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.641
PG 15
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 481UZ
UT WOS:000268838800010
ER
PT J
AU Linzmeier, AM
Konstantinov, AS
AF Linzmeier, Adelita M.
Konstantinov, Alexander S.
TI A NEW GENUS OF FLEA BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) FROM THE SOUTH
OF BRAZIL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Alticini; new species; Parana; PROFAUPAR
AB Deciplatus, a new genus of Monoplatina with two new species (D. jundiaiensis and D. nigritus), from the south of Brazil is described and illustrated. Deciplatus is compared to Ulrica Scherer and Laselva Furth. Use of the name Monoplatina is clarified.
C1 [Linzmeier, Adelita M.] Univ Fed Parana, Lab Sistemat & Bioecol Coleoptera Insecta, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
[Konstantinov, Alexander S.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Linzmeier, AM (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Lab Sistemat & Bioecol Coleoptera Insecta, Dept Zool, Caixa Postal 19020, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
EM alinzmeier@yahoo.com.br; alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov
RI Linzmeier, Adelita/A-9239-2013
FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
FX We thank Dr. Renato C. Marinoni (Departamento de Zoologia - Universidade
Federal do Parana) for providing the material, Dr. Cibele S.
Ribeiro-Costa for support and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento
Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) for granting a Doctoral Fellowship to
the first author. We are grateful to D. Nickle and A. L. Norrbom
(Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, USDA, Washington, DC) and C.
Staines (Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington,
DC) for reviewing earlier versions of this manuscript and providing
valuable suggestions. This research represents contribution n degrees.
1,786 of the Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Parana,
Curitiba, Brazil.
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 111
IS 3
BP 656
EP 665
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.656
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 481UZ
UT WOS:000268838800011
ER
PT J
AU Pogue, MG
AF Pogue, Michael G.
TI THREE NEW CRYPTIC SPECIES WITHIN THE DARGIDA PROCINCTUS (GROTE) COMPLEX
(LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE: HADENINAE) FROM THE NEOTROPICS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE host plants; new species; New World; taxonomy
ID LIRIOMYZA-HUIDOBRENSIS DIPTERA; DNA BARCODES; SKIPPER BUTTERFLIES;
AGROMYZIDAE; GENUS
AB Based on morphological analysis, the species Dargida procinctus (Grote), currently considered to be widespread from Canada to Bolivia, is found to include three previously unrecognized species: Dargida spinicassida, n. sp., from northern Mexico; Dargida juxta, n. sp., from southern Mexico and Costa Rica; and Dargida lilium, n. sp., from Bolivia. Adults and male and female genitalia of all four species are illustrated. Dargida grammivora Walker and Dargida meridionalis (Hampson) are closely related species that could be confused with those of the Dargida procinctus complex. Adults and male and female genitalia of these are illustrated for comparison. A key is provided for differentiation of these six closely related species.
C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Pogue, MG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,NMNH,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM michael.pogue@ars.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 111
IS 3
BP 686
EP 697
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.686
PG 12
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 481UZ
UT WOS:000268838800013
ER
PT J
AU Yang, A
Brown, JW
AF Yang, April
Brown, John W.
TI VARIATION IN THE FEMALE FRENULUM IN TORTRICIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA) PART 1.
CHLIDANOTINAE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Chlidanotini; Hilarographini; Polyorthini; phylogenetic relationships;
character variation
AB This paper, treating the tortricid subfamily Chlidanotinae (comprised of Chlidanotini, Hilarographini, and Polyorthini), represents the first in a proposed three-part series examining variation in the number of bristles in the frenulum of female tortricid moths. Based on an examination of 86 described species and I I undescribed species representing 31 genera of Chlidanotinae, the vast majority of females of Chlidanotini and Hilarographini have a two-bristled frenulum, whereas a three-bristled frenulum is the more common state in Polyorthini. When the character states are mapped on a composite, schematic phylogeny of the subfamily, the change from three to two bristles appears to have evolved once at the base of the Chlidanotini + Hilarographini clade and twice within Polyorthini. The consistency of this character within Chlidanotini and Hilarographini provides further evidence for the exclusion of Mictocommosis Diakonoff, Mictopsichia Hubner, and Tortrimosaica Brown and Baixeras from Hilarographini. The distribution of the two-bristled frenulum in Polyorthini appears to support one major clade identified by Razowski (i.e., Ardeutica Meyrick, Polyortha Dognin, Pseudatteria Walsingham, Polythora Razowski), plus one outlier, Cnephasitis Razowski. In the monotypic Olindia schumacherana (Fabricus), five of 18 representatives examined had two bristles, whereas the remainder had three. Minor deviations from this pattern appear to represent intraspecific variation. Preliminary investigations of the character in other tortricid subfamilies suggest a high degree of variation within tribes, genera, and species, with asymmetry common in many individuals. In contrast to the situation in most tortricid taxa, we conclude that variation in the number of bristles in the frenulum is phylogenetically informative in Chlidanotinae.
C1 [Yang, April] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Environm Biol, Div Organisms & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, John W.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Yang, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Environm Biol, Div Organisms & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM lirpa.gnay@gmail.com; john.brown@ars.usda.gov
FU Smithsonian Women's Committee
FX We thank Eugenie Phillips and Jose Montero for allowing us to examine
material at INBio. Marianne Horak provided information on specimens of
Apura deposited in the Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO,
Canberra, Australia. Eugenie Phillips provided information on specimens
of Biclonunearia sp. and Pseudocomotis nortena deposited in INBio.
Jadranka Rota provided assistance with the graphics. The following
provided helpful reviews of the manuscript: Joaquin Baixeras, Institut
Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de
Valencia, Spain; and Stuart McKamey and Thomas Henry, Systematic
Entomology Laboratory, USDA, c/o National Museum of Natural History,
Washington, DC, U.S.A. The Smithsonian Women's Committee provided
funding for a Smithsonian Institution Research Training Program
internship for April Yang, during which this research was conducted.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 111
IS 3
BP 743
EP 751
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.743
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 481UZ
UT WOS:000268838800019
ER
PT J
AU Kment, P
Henry, TJ
Fryda, J
AF Kment, Petr
Henry, Thomas J.
Fryda, Jiri
TI Neostusakia, a New Name for Preoccupied Stusakia Kment and Henry, 2008
(Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Berytidae)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kment, Petr] Natl Museum, Dept Entomol, CZ-14800 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
[Henry, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Fryda, Jiri] Czech Geol Survey, CZ-11821 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
[Fryda, Jiri] CULS, Fac Environm Sci, Prague 16521 6, Czech Republic.
RP Kment, P (reprint author), Natl Museum, Dept Entomol, Kunratice 1, CZ-14800 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
EM sigara@post.cz; thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov; bellerophon@seznam.cz
RI Fryda, Jiri/C-3319-2008
OI Fryda, Jiri/0000-0003-2410-3293
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 111
IS 3
BP 755
EP 756
DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.3.755
PG 2
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 481UZ
UT WOS:000268838800021
ER
PT J
AU Barnes, AJ
AF Barnes, A. James
TI Implementing Presidential Policy Agendas Administratively: A View from
the Inside
SO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
AB Drawing on his experience in a variety of positions over 40 years, the author details a wide range of variables that are involved in implementing presidential policy, including (1) the nature, origin, and validity of the presidential policy agendas and how they are communicated; (2) the background, experience, and relationships of the appointee; (3) the internal agency context; and (4) the larger political and social context. The author concludes that the large number of variables makes it very difficult-if not impossible-to produce a coherent, useful set of guidelines for appointees that will have utility across the board. Rather, implementation often requires individually nuanced responses. At the same time, the author concludes that the documented experiences of appointees in similar circumstances can serve as useful reference points for the future.
C1 [Barnes, A. James] USDA, Washington, DC USA.
[Barnes, A. James] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM barnesaj@indiana.edu
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0033-3352
J9 PUBLIC ADMIN REV
JI Public Adm. Rev.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 69
IS 4
BP 586
EP 594
PG 9
WC Public Administration
SC Public Administration
GA 467QE
UT WOS:000267756200003
ER
PT J
AU Shuttleworth, WJ
Serrat-Capdevila, A
Roderick, ML
Scott, RL
AF Shuttleworth, W. James
Serrat-Capdevila, Aleix
Roderick, Michael L.
Scott, Russell L.
TI On the theory relating changes in area-average and pan evaporation
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; global dimming; complementary evaporation; evaporation
paradox
ID POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; EQUILIBRIUM EVAPORATION; REGIONAL
EVAPORATION; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; SOLAR-RADIATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER;
CLIMATE; RECHARGE; TRENDS; SURFACE
AB Theory relating changes in area-average evaporation with changes in the evaporation from pans or open water is developed. Such changes can arise by Type (a) processes related to large-scale changes in atmospheric concentrations and circulation that modify surface evaporation rates in the same direction, and Type (b) processes related to coupling between the surface and atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) at the landscape scale that usually modify area-average evaporation and pan evaporation in different directions. The interrelationship between evaporation rates in response to Type (a) changes is derived. They have the same sign and broadly similar magnitude but the change in area-average evaporation is modified by surface resistance. As an alternative to assuming the complementary evaporation hypothesis, the results of previous modelling studies that investigated surface-atmosphere coupling are parametrized and used to develop a theoretical description of Type (b) coupling via vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in the ABL. The interrelationship between appropriately normalized pan and area-average evaporation rates is shown to vary with temperature and wind speed but, on average, the Type (b) chances are approximately equal and opposite. Long-term Australian pan evaporation data are analyzed to demonstrate the simultaneous presence of Type (a) and (b) processes, and observations from three field sites in southwestern USA show support for the theory describing Type (b) coupling via VPD. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Shuttleworth, W. James; Serrat-Capdevila, Aleix] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, SAHRA, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Shuttleworth, W. James] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Joint Ctr Hydrometeorol Res, Wallingford, Oxon, England.
[Roderick, Michael L.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Roderick, Michael L.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Scott, Russell L.] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Shuttleworth, WJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, SAHRA, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM jshuttle@hwr.arizona.edu
RI Roderick, Michael/C-9621-2009; Serrat-Capdevila, Aleix/O-6227-2014
OI Roderick, Michael/0000-0002-3630-7739;
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-9876800, DEB-0415977]; JCHMR (Joint
Centre for Hydro-Meteorological Research) at the Centre for Ecology and
Hydrology, Wallingford, UK; Australian Research Council [DP0879763]
FX This work was supported by SAHRA (Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology
and Riparian Areas) under the STC Program of the National Science
Foundation, Agreement No. EAR-9876800 and NSF award DEB-0415977, and by
JCHMR (Joint Centre for Hydro-Meteorological Research) at the Centre for
Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK. MLR acknowledges the support of
the Australian Research Council (DP0879763).
NR 63
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 135
IS 642
BP 1230
EP 1247
DI 10.1002/qj.434
PN A
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 485XG
UT WOS:000269158000009
ER
PT J
AU Prichard, SJ
Gedalof, Z
Oswald, WW
Peterson, DL
AF Prichard, Susan J.
Gedalof, Ze'ev
Oswald, W. Wyatt
Peterson, David L.
TI Holocene fire and vegetation dynamics in a montane forest, North Cascade
Range, Washington, USA
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Pacific Northwest; North Cascades Range; Vegetation history; Fire
history; Lake sediment charcoal; Holocene
ID SOUTHWESTERN BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POLLEN REPRESENTATION;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; LATE QUATERNARY; LAKE-SEDIMENT; MOUNT-RAINIER;
HISTORY; CANADA; PALEOECOLOGY
AB We reconstructed a 10,500-yr fire and vegetation history of a montane site in the North Cascade Range, Washington State based on lake sediment charcoal, macrofossil and pollen records. High-resolution sampling and abundant macrofossils made it possible to analyze relationships between fire and vegetation. During the early Holocene (>10,500 to ca. 8000 cal yr BP) forests were subalpine woodlands dominated by Pinus contorta. Around 8000 cal yr BP, P. contorta sharply declined in the macrofossil record. Shade tolerant, mesic species first appeared ca. 4500 cal yr BP. Cupressus nootkatensis appeared most recently at 2000 cal yr BP. Fire frequency varies throughout the record, with significantly shorter mean fire return intervals in the early Holocene than the mid and late Holocene, Charcoal peaks are significantly correlated with an initial increase in macrofossil accumulation rates followed by a decrease, likely corresponding to tree mortality following fire. Climate appears to be a key driver in vegetation and fire regimes over millennial time scales. Fire and other disturbances altered forest vegetation at shorter time scales, and vegetation may have mediated local fire regimes. For example, dominance of P. contorta in the early Holocene forests may have been reinforced by its Susceptibility to frequent, stand-replacing fire events. (C) 2009 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Prichard, Susan J.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Gedalof, Ze'ev] Univ Guelph, Dept Geog, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Oswald, W. Wyatt] Emerson Coll, Boston, MA 02116 USA.
[Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA.
RP Prichard, SJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM sprich@u.washington.edu; zgedalof@uoguelph.ca;
W_Wyatt_Oswald@emerson.edu; peterson@fs.fed.us
FU Canon National Parks Science Scholars Program; USGS Global Change
Program; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station
FX We thank James Agee, Linda Brubaker, Douglas Hallett, Phil Higuera, and
Dan Gavin and three anonymous reviewers for comments on this manuscript.
Michael Case, Paige Eagle, Dan Gavin, Phil Higuera, Robert Norheim,
Jason Smith, Douglas Sprugel, Wendy Sugimura, and many members of the
Fire and Mountain Ecology Lab assisted with field, laboratory work and
data analysis. Research was supported by the Canon National Parks
Science Scholars Program, USGS Global Change Program and USDA Forest
Service Pacific Northwest Research Station. This manuscript is a
contribution of the Western Mountain Initiative.
NR 43
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 17
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 72
IS 1
BP 57
EP 67
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2009.03.008
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 460ZG
UT WOS:000267231300006
ER
PT J
AU Liang, Y
Han, GD
Zhou, H
Zhao, ML
Snyman, HA
Shan, D
Havstad, KA
AF Liang, Yan
Han, Guodong
Zhou, He
Zhao, Mengli
Snyman, Hennie A.
Shan, Dan
Havstad, Kris A.
TI Grazing Intensity on Vegetation Dynamics of a Typical Steppe in
Northeast Inner Mongolia
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Inner Mongolia grasslands; forage utilization; grazed ecosystem;
plant-herbivore interactions
ID SEMIARID SOUTH-AFRICA; RANGELAND DEGRADATION; RECOVERY PROCESSES;
CENTRAL AUSTRALIA; ECOSYSTEM; GRASSLANDS; PRECIPITATION; PRODUCTIVITY;
PHYTOMASS; DIVERSITY
AB Vegetation features radiating from residential areas in response to livestock grazing were quantified for an arid steppe rangeland in the Keshiketeng Banner, Chifeng Prefecture, in northeastern Inner Mongolia in 2004 and 2006. The aim of this study was to estimate grazing impacts on the vegetation dynamics of these historical grazed ecosystems. Grazing intensities were classified as reference area (RA), light (LG), moderate (MG), arid heavy (HG) according to the vegetation utilization across the study area. Rangelands were studied along a grazing gradient, where characteristics of plant communities, heights of dominant species, aboveground vertical structures, and belowground biomass were investigated. Along this grazing gradient, vegetation changed from the original dominant plant species Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. to a semi-subshrub species Artemisia frigida Willd. when moving from the reference area (RA) to the region around the settlement. Canopy coverage, aboveground productivity, and the number of perennial species declined as one moved toward the residential area. Heights of five dominant species, except for Stipa grandis P. Smirn., declined with increased grazing intensity. Aboveground vertical structure in the RA treatment showed more resilience than the other treatments. There was no difference in root biomass in the top 1 in of soil (P > 0.05) between the RA treatment and the area immediately around settlement (HG treatment). Generally, we found that the intensity of grazing disturbance did not exceed the tolerance of the rangeland ecosystem within LG treatment. However, vegetative conditions in HG treatment became worse with increased grazing pressure. Rangelands in this arid steppe are under tremendous threat due to excessive forage utilization, which cannot be considered a sustainable practice.
C1 [Liang, Yan; Zhou, He] China Agr Univ, Dept Grassland Sci, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
[Han, Guodong; Zhao, Mengli; Shan, Dan] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China.
[Snyman, Hennie A.] Univ Free State, Dept Anim Wildlife & Grassland Sci, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa.
[Havstad, Kris A.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Zhou, H (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Dept Grassland Sci, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.
EM zhouhe@cau.edu.cn
RI han, guodong/A-2303-2013
NR 32
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 20
PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT
PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 62
IS 4
BP 328
EP 336
DI 10.2111/08-167.1
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 473ND
UT WOS:000268212800005
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, BS
Yang, XL
Thannhauser, T
AF Xiang, Bosong
Yang, Xiaolong
Thannhauser, Theodore
TI Protein N- and C-termini identification using mass spectrometry and
isotopic labeling
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Letter
ID SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PROTEOMIC ERA; PEPTIDES
C1 [Xiang, Bosong] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA.
[Yang, Xiaolong] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Thannhauser, Theodore] USDA ARS, RWH Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Xiang, BS (reprint author), Monsanto Co, 800 N Lindbergh Blvd, St Louis, MO 63167 USA.
EM bosong.xiang@monsanto.com
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 5
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 13
BP 2102
EP 2106
DI 10.1002/rcm.4096
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 463US
UT WOS:000267458300027
PM 19489021
ER
PT J
AU Sabatini, GA
Ribolla, PEM
Barros, ATM
Guerrero, FD
Schumaker, TTS
AF Sabatini, Gustavo A.
Ribolla, Paulo E. M.
Barros, Antonio T. M.
Guerrero, Felix D.
Schumaker, Terezinha T. S.
TI Knockdown resistance in pyrethroid-resistant horn fly (Diptera:
Muscidae) populations in Brazil
SO REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Haematobia irritans; horn fly; resistance; pyrethroid
ID SODIUM-CHANNEL GENE; COCKROACHES BLATTELLA-GERMANICA;
HAEMATOBIA-IRRITANS DIPTERA; CHAIN-REACTION ASSAY; INSECTICIDE
RESISTANCE; MULTIPLE ORIGINS; PERMETHRIN; MUTATIONS; FLIES; KDR
AB To investigate the kdr (knockdown resistance) resistance-associated gene mutation and determine its frequency in pyrethroid-resistant horn fly (Haematobia irritans) populations, a total of 1,804 horn flies of 37 different populations from all Brazilian regions (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South) were molecular screened through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The kdr gene was not detected in 87.08% of the flies. However, the gene was amplified in 12.92% of the flies, of which 11.70% were resistant heterozygous and 1.22% were resistant homozygous. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was found only in 1 ranch with an excess of heterozygous. When populations were grouped by region, three metapopulations showed significant deviations of HWE (Central-West population, South population and Southeast population). This indicates that populations are isolated one from another and kdr occurrence seems to be an independent effect probably reflecting the insecticide strategy used by each ranch. Although resistance to pyrethroids is disseminated throughout Brazil, only 48% of resistant populations had kdr flies, and the frequency of kdr individuals in each of these resistant populations was quite low. But this study shows that, with the apparent exception of the Northeast region, the kdr mechanism associated with pyrethroid resistance occurs all over Brazil.
C1 [Sabatini, Gustavo A.; Schumaker, Terezinha T. S.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Parasitol, Inst Ciencias Biomed ICB 2, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Ribolla, Paulo E. M.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias, Dept Parasitol, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Barros, Antonio T. M.] Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuaria EMBRAPA, CPAP, Corumba, MS, Brazil.
[Guerrero, Felix D.] ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, Kerrville, TX USA.
RP Sabatini, GA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Parasitol, Inst Ciencias Biomed ICB 2, Av Lineu Prestes 1374, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM gasaba@usp.br
RI Ribolla, Paulo/B-9122-2012
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU BRAZILIAN COLL VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
PI SAO PAULO
PA C/O ASSISTANT EDITOR AV PROF LINEU PRESTES, 1374, CIDADE UNIVERSITARIA,
CEP 05508-900, SAO PAULO, 00000, BRAZIL
SN 0103-846X
J9 REV BRAS PARASITOL V
JI Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 3
BP 8
EP 14
PG 7
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 582SC
UT WOS:000276618000003
PM 19772769
ER
PT J
AU Vogel, KP
Miranda, CHB
AF Vogel, Kenneth Paul
Miranda, Cesar Heraclides Behling
TI Improving grassland profitability in the Mid-continental USA by breeding
for improved forage digestibility: lessons learned and applications to
South American grasslands
SO REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE digestibility; economics; forage; grasses; pasture; quality
ID DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS; ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS; SWITCHGRASS POPULATIONS; DIFFERING DIGESTIBILITY; BIG
BLUESTEM; YIELD; GENOTYPE; QUALITY; INVITRO
AB In the early 1970's research was initiated by the cooperative USDA-ARS and University of Nebraska grass breeding program to develop perennial grasses adapted to the mid-continental USA with improved forage quality. The initial breeding and animal evaluation work focused on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) but has since expanded to several other warm- and cool-season perennial grasses. The in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) test was selected as the measure of forage quality that was used in the breeding work because of its previous successful application on improving bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon). In all of the grass species that we have studied to date, there is genetic variability for IVDMD and forage yield. IVDMD is a heritable trait with narrow sense heritability's ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 which are similar to heritability's for forage yield. If significant improvements or difference in IVDMD (> 1%) can be detected in small plot trials (r=6), differences in cattle gains among experimental strains or cultivars can be demonstrated in grazing trials. Averaged over both cool-and warm-season grasses, a 1% increase in in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) generally leads to a 3.2% increase in average daily gains of beef cattle. Because increased IVDMD generally does not result in a decrease in forage yield, this results in a net increase in animal production per hectare of land.
C1 [Vogel, Kenneth Paul] Univ Nebraska, Agr Res Serv ARS USDA Grain, Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Miranda, Cesar Heraclides Behling] Univ Nebraska, Embrapa Labex USA Bioenergy & Embrapa Beef Cattle, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Agr Res Serv ARS USDA Grain, Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, 314 Biochem Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM Ken.Vogel@ars.usda.gov
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU REVISTA BRASILEIRA ZOOTECNIA BRAZILIAN JOURNAL ANIMAL SCI
PI VICOSA-MG
PA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL VICOSA,, 36571-000 VICOSA-MG, BRAZIL
SN 1516-3598
J9 REV BRAS ZOOTECN
JI Rev. Bras. Zootecn.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 38
BP 160
EP 169
PG 10
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences
SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences
GA 521GK
UT WOS:000271908200017
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, AD
Baietto, M
AF Wilson, Alphus D.
Baietto, Manuela
TI Applications and Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Review
DE artificial olfaction; conducting polymers; electronic aroma detection;
e-nose
ID COMPOSITE VAPOR DETECTORS; SEMICONDUCTOR GAS SENSORS; CONDUCTING POLYMER
SENSORS; MAMMALIAN OLFACTORY SYSTEM; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GREEN
FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ISOLATES IN-VITRO;
CARBON-BLACK; PATTERN-RECOGNITION
AB Electronic-nose devices have received considerable attention in the field of sensor technology during the past twenty years, largely due to the discovery of numerous applications derived from research in diverse fields of applied sciences. Recent applications of electronic nose technologies have come through advances in sensor design, material improvements, software innovations and progress in microcircuitry design and systems integration. The invention of many new e-nose sensor types and arrays, based on different detection principles and mechanisms, is closely correlated with the expansion of new applications. Electronic noses have provided a plethora of benefits to a variety of commercial industries, including the agricultural, biomedical, cosmetics, environmental, food, manufacturing, military, pharmaceutical, regulatory, and various scientific research fields. Advances have improved product attributes, uniformity, and consistency as a result of increases in quality control capabilities afforded by electronic-nose monitoring of all phases of industrial manufacturing processes. This paper is a review of the major electronic-nose technologies, developed since this specialized field was born and became prominent in the mid 1980s, and a summarization of some of the more important and useful applications that have been of greatest benefit to man.
C1 [Wilson, Alphus D.] USDA Forest Serv, So Hardwoods Lab, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, So Res Stn, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Baietto, Manuela] Univ Milan, Dept Crop Sci, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
RP Wilson, AD (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Hardwoods Lab, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, So Res Stn, POB 227, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM dwilson02@fs.fed.us; manuela.baietto@unimi.it
RI Wilson, Alphus/Q-2137-2015
OI Wilson, Alphus/0000-0003-2352-5232
FU Department of Crop Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;
Department of Vegetable Flower and Fruit Culture, University of
Florence, Florence, Italy
FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Daniele Bassi (Department of Crop
Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy) and Francesco Ferrini
(Department of Vegetable Flower and Fruit Culture, University of
Florence, Florence, Italy) for providing invaluable financial assistance
and international cooperation during previous scientific investigations
of several e-nose instrumentations that ultimately made this current
review of electronic-nose technologies possible.
NR 235
TC 245
Z9 258
U1 27
U2 180
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 9
IS 7
BP 5099
EP 5148
DI 10.3390/s90705099
PG 50
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 474XB
UT WOS:000268317000005
PM 22346690
ER
PT J
AU Valadez, AM
Lana, CA
Tu, SI
Morgan, MT
Bhunia, AK
AF Valadez, Angela M.
Lana, Carlos A.
Tu, Shu-I
Morgan, Mark T.
Bhunia, Arun K.
TI Evanescent Wave Fiber Optic Biosensor for Salmonella Detection in Food
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Salmonella; fiber optic sensor; time-resolved fluorescence assay; egg;
chicken
ID TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; IN-GROUND BEEF;
RAPID DETECTION; IMMUNOMAGNETIC CAPTURE; UNITED-STATES; ENTERITIDIS;
ANTIBODY; TYPHIMURIUM; OUTBREAK
AB Salmonella enterica is a major food-borne pathogen of world-wide concern. Sensitive and rapid detection methods to assess product safety before retail distribution are highly desirable. Since Salmonella is most commonly associated with poultry products, an evanescent wave fiber-optic assay was developed to detect Salmonella in shell egg and chicken breast and data were compared with a time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) assay. Anti-Salmonella polyclonal antibody was immobilized onto the surface of an optical fiber using biotin-avidin interactions to capture Salmonella. Alexa Fluor 647-conjugated antibody (MAb 2F-11) was used as the reporter. Detection occurred when an evanescent wave from a laser (635 nm) excited the Alexa Fluor and the fluorescence was measured by a laser-spectrofluorometer at 710 nm. The biosensor was specific for Salmonella and the limit of detection was established to be 10(3) cfu/mL in pure culture and 10(4) cfu/mL with egg and chicken breast samples when spiked with 10(2) cfu/mL after 2-6 h of enrichment. The results indicate that the performance of the fiber-optic sensor is comparable to TRF, and can be completed in less than 8 h, providing an alternative to the current detection methods.
C1 [Valadez, Angela M.; Morgan, Mark T.; Bhunia, Arun K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, Mol Food Microbiol Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Lana, Carlos A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Tu, Shu-I] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Bhunia, AK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, Mol Food Microbiol Lab, 745 Agr Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM valadeza@gmail.com; lanacarlos@yahoo.com.ar; ShuI.Tu@ars.usda.gov;
mmorgan@purdue.edu; bhunia@purdue.edu
RI Bhunia, Arun/K-7639-2012;
OI Bhunia, Arun/0000-0003-3640-1554
FU United States Department of Agriculture [1935-42000-035]; Center for
Food Safety and Engineering at Purdue University
FX This research was supported through a cooperative agreement with the
Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of
Agriculture project number 1935-42000-035 and the Center for Food Safety
and Engineering at Purdue University. The authors thank Emily Smith and
Joe Uknalis from ERRC at Philadelphia, PA, Dori Lin and Aparna
Kothapalli from Purdue University, and Giyoung Kim from NAAS, RDA at
Republic of Korea for their technical assistance.
NR 35
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 21
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 9
IS 7
BP 5810
EP 5824
DI 10.3390/s90705810
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 474XB
UT WOS:000268317000043
PM 22346728
ER
PT J
AU Kao, CC
Guntupalli, KK
Bandi, V
Jahoor, F
AF Kao, Christina C.
Guntupalli, Kalpalatha K.
Bandi, Venkata
Jahoor, Farook
TI WHOLE-BODY CO2 PRODUCTION AS AN INDEX OF THE METABOLIC RESPONSE TO
SEPSIS
SO SHOCK
LA English
DT Article
DE Sepsis; basal metabolic rate; energy metabolism; isotopes
ID ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; SEPTIC SHOCK; CYTOKINE MEASUREMENTS; INJURY;
GLUCOSE; PROTEIN; HOMEOSTASIS; SEVERITY; INSULIN; SCORES
AB Whole-body carbon dioxide (CO2) production (RaCO2) is an index of substrate oxidation and energy expenditure; therefore, it may provide information about the metabolic response to sepsis. Using stable isotope techniques, we determined RaCO2 and its relationship to protein and glucose metabolism in medical patients with sepsis and septic shock. Whole-body CO2 production, an index of basal metabolic rate, was measured in 13 patients with sepsis or septic shock and 7 healthy controls using an i.v. infusion of C-13-sodium bicarbonate. Endogenous leucine flux, leucine oxidation, and nonoxidative disposal, indices of whole-body protein breakdown, catabolism, and synthesis, were measured with an infusion of 1-C-13-leucine, and glucose production and clearance were measured with an infusion of H-2(2)-glucose. There was no difference in mean RaCO2 between the patients and controls, but the patients had a wider range of values. The four patients with the lowest RaCO2 died. Protein breakdown and synthesis and glucose production were significantly faster in patients than in controls (P < 0.05). Whole-body CO2 production was positively correlated with protein breakdown (P = 0.001), protein synthesis (P < 0.01), and glucose clearance (P = 0.01). Patients with low metabolic rates (mean - 2 SDs of controls) had slower protein breakdown and decreased glucose clearance compared with patients with high metabolic rates (mean + 2 SDs of controls). Septic patients were both hypometabolic and hypermetabolic. The correlation between RaCO2 and protein breakdown and synthesis as well as glucose clearance suggests that RaCO2 can provide information about substrate metabolism in septic patients. Because hypometabolism was associated with mortality and changes in protein and glucose metabolism in septic patients, it may be a useful clinical indicator of an inadequate metabolic response.
C1 [Kao, Christina C.; Jahoor, Farook] Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX USA.
[Kao, Christina C.; Guntupalli, Kalpalatha K.; Bandi, Venkata] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Houston, TX USA.
RP Kao, CC (reprint author), 1100 Bates St,7th Floor, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM ck692121@bcm.tmc.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [T32HL007747, M01-RR00188]; US Department
of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001]
FX C.C.K. is supported by the National Institutes of Health (T32HL007747).
Work at the General Clinical Research Center is supported by the
National Institutes of Health (M01-RR00188). This research is also
supported with federal funds from the US Department of Agriculture,
Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement no.
58-6250-6001.
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1073-2322
J9 SHOCK
JI Shock
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 1
BP 23
EP 28
DI 10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181970f32
PG 6
WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System
& Cardiology
GA 459DU
UT WOS:000267081400004
PM 19060787
ER
PT J
AU Sauer, TJ
Compston, SR
West, CP
Hernandez-Ramirez, G
Gbur, EE
Parkin, TB
AF Sauer, Thomas J.
Compston, Scott R.
West, Charles P.
Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo
Gbur, Edward E.
Parkin, Timothy B.
TI Nitrous oxide emissions from a bermudagrass pasture: Interseeded winter
rye and poultry litter
SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nitrous oxide; Interseeded winter rye forage; Poultry litter; Grazed
bermudagrass pasture; Soil nitrate
ID MANURE-AMENDED SOIL; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; COVER CROP; MANAGED
GRASSLANDS; GRAZED GRASSLAND; N2O EMISSION; SWINE MANURE; NITRIC-OXIDE;
DENITRIFICATION; NITRATE
AB Adequate use of manure in grasslands may constitute an economical means of manure disposal and an abundant source of nutrients for plants; however, excessive nitrogen (N) additions to these soils could create new environmental risks such as increasing nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions. These potentially adverse effects in grasslands may be mitigated by improved management practices. In pasture systems, the combined effects of poultry litter applications and interseeded rye (Secale cereale L) on N(2)O emissions are still not well established, This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude of soil surface N(2)O fluxes as affected by interseeded winter rye forage, annually spring-applied composted turkey litter as well as by weather and soil parameters. Fluxes were measured by vented chambers during 2 yr in a bermudagrass (Cynodon dacrylon [L] Pers.) pasture in moderately well-drained Tonti gravelly silt loam (fine-loamy, active, mesic Typic Fragiuclault) located in northwestern Arkansas, USA. During the 60 d following turkey litter applications, N(2)O fluxes were frequently well correlated with soil nitrate (NO(3)(-); r: up to 0.82, P's < 0.05) implying substrate stimulation on soil N(2)O production. Likewise, rainfall patterns strongly influenced N(2)O fluxes. Large rainfalls of 91 and 32 mm occurred within 6 d prior to the maximum N(2)O flux means (263 and 290 mu g N m(-2) h(-1), respectively). Treatment effects on N(2)O emissions were significant only in spring periods following manure addition, particularly in the second year of our study. In the spring of 2000, additions of composted turkey litter resulted in 1.5-fold increase in seasonal cumulative N(2)O emissions (P = 0.04) which was directly associated to a numerically greater soil NO. In the spring of 2001, soils planted to rye exhibited a pronounced significant effect on mitigating N(2)O emissions (30 vs. 112 mg N m(-2); P = 0.04). During the winter and early spring, rye growth also decreased quantities of both soil NO(3)(-) and water-filled pore space (WFPS) partly accounting for the lower N(2)O emissions in these fields. These results suggest that because poultry litter additions increased and interseeded rye diminished N(2)O emissions, the combined implementation of both management practices can produce environmental benefits while sustaining productivity in temperate pasture systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sauer, Thomas J.; Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo; Parkin, Timothy B.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Compston, Scott R.; West, Charles P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Gbur, Edward E.] Univ Arkansas, Agr Stat Lab, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Hernandez-Ramirez, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM guillermo.hernandez@ars.usda.gov
RI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/I-5429-2013
OI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/0000-0001-8225-5813
NR 56
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-0717
J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM
JI Soil Biol. Biochem.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 7
BP 1417
EP 1424
DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.03.019
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 467XB
UT WOS:000267775300006
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, SLF
Rice, CP
Zasada, IA
AF Meyer, Susan L. F.
Rice, Clifford P.
Zasada, Inga A.
TI DIBOA: Fate in soil and effects on root-knot nematode egg numbers
SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Benzoxazinoid; Cover crop; DIBOA; 2,4-Dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one;
Green manure; Meloidogyne incognita; Root-knot nematode; Rye; Secale
cereale
ID WINTER COVER CROPS; RYE SECALE-CEREALE; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA;
DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; PHYTOTOXIC ALLELOCHEMICALS; BENZOXAZINOIDS; WHEAT;
BENZOXAZOLINONE; POPULATIONS; DERIVATIVES
AB The benzoxazinoid 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA) is produced by rye (Secale cereale) and may contribute to plant-parasitic nematode suppression when rye plants are incorporated as a green manure. We investigated the fate of DIBOA in soil and DIBOA's effects on nematode reproduction. Soil in plastic bags was treated with DIBOA at concentrations ranging from 1.1 to 18 mu g g(-1) dry soil, and with the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Control soils were treated with water or with 0.31% methanol, with or without nematodes. DIBOA concentrations extracted from the soil were measured at selected times for 5 consecutive days. The soil from each bag was then placed into a pot in the greenhouse, and a cucumber seedling was transplanted into each pot. Five weeks later, only the highest DIBOA concentration, 18 mu g g(-1) soil, reduced nematode egg numbers. At 0 h, DIBOA measured in soil ranged from 19.68 to 35.51% of the initial DIBOA concentration, and was dependent on the concentration added to the soil. DIBOA half-life was from 18 to 22 h, and very little DIBOA was present in soil after 120 h. identified breakdown products accounted for only 4% at maximum of the initially added DIBOA. The results of our study demonstrate that high soil concentrations of DIBOA are necessary to suppress M. incognita: DIBOA may not be a major factor in nematode suppression by a rye cover crop. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Meyer, Susan L. F.; Zasada, Inga A.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Rice, Clifford P.] ARS, USDA, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Meyer, SLF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Bldg 011A,Room 165B,BARC West,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM susan.l.meyer@ars.usda.gov
NR 28
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-0717
J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM
JI Soil Biol. Biochem.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 7
BP 1555
EP 1560
DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.04.016
PG 6
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 467XB
UT WOS:000267775300024
ER
PT J
AU Yuan, YP
Locke, MA
Gaston, LA
AF Yuan, Yongping
Locke, Martin A.
Gaston, Lewis A.
TI Tillage Effects on Soil Properties and Spatial Variability in Two
Mississippi Delta Watersheds
SO SOIL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Tillage; nutrients; phosphorus; nitrogen
ID LONG-TERM TILLAGE; SOLUBLE PHOSPHORUS; CONSERVATION TILLAGE;
PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; RUNOFF PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN STORAGE;
ORGANIC-CARBON; LOSSES; MANAGEMENT; MEHLICH-3
AB This study evaluated changes in soil properties several years after implementation of conservation measures. Two approximately 50-ha fields within two Mississippi Delta oxbow lake watersheds (Deep Hollow and Beasley) were laid out in 60-m grids. Soil from a tilled cotton field in Deep Hollow watershed was sampled at each node in 1996 and again in 2000 after 4 years of reduced tillage cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cover crops; soil also was collected from conventional tillage cotton in Beasley Lake watershed in 1996 and again in 2006 from the same grid nodes after 4 years of reduced tillage cotton and 5 years of reduced tillage soybeans. Organic matter levels in the soil surface were higher in both watersheds after conservation tillage was implemented, likely caused by increased plant residue accumulation and limited soil mixing. Higher soil P levels in both watersheds under conservation management were attributed to less distribution in soil because of reduced tillage, Lower NO3-N in Deep Hollow in 2000 suggested N immobilization in the soil surface. Nitrogen was not analyzed for Beasley soil samples. Soil pH values were also higher in the later samplings for both watersheds, but because lime was applied in the interim, it is difficult to ascribe an effect from tillage. Potassium, calcium, and magnesium were higher in 2000 after the 4-year reduced tillage practice in the Deep Hollow watershed. However, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were lower in 2006 than in 1996 at the Beasley Lake watershed because no fertilizer was applied to the field since 2001. Regardless of tillage system, relatively high P levels in soils from both watersheds are indicative of high native soil P levels in the Mississippi Delta soils. Similar to other studies, water-soluble P was positively correlated with Mehlich III P. Spatial relationships of P examined using kriging showed that P data were spatially dependent, and their spatial dependence was impacted by tillage practices.
C1 [Yuan, Yongping] US EPA, ORD, NERL, ESD,Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
[Locke, Martin A.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
[Gaston, Lewis A.] LSU AgCtr, Dept Agron & Environm Management, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
RP Yuan, YP (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, ESD,Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
EM yuan.yongping@epa.gov
NR 61
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 7
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA
SN 0038-075X
EI 1538-9243
J9 SOIL SCI
JI Soil Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 174
IS 7
BP 385
EP 394
DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e3181ac679c
PG 10
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 470VG
UT WOS:000268008800004
ER
PT J
AU Venterea, RT
Spokas, KA
Baker, JM
AF Venterea, Rodney T.
Spokas, Kurt A.
Baker, John M.
TI Accuracy and Precision Analysis of Chamber-Based Nitrous Oxide Gas Flux
Estimates
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID N2O; EMISSIONS; MANAGEMENT; ATMOSPHERE; EXCHANGE; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS
AB Chamber-based estimates of soil-to-atnaosphere nitrous oxide (N2O)gas flux tend to underestimate actual emission rates due to inherently nonlinear time series data. In theory, this limitation can be minimized by adjusting measurement conditions to reduce nonlinearity and/or by using flux-calculation (FC) schemes that account for the so-called "chamber effect" The current study utilizes gas transport theory and stochastic analysis to evaluate accuracy and precision of N2O flux determinations under specific soil and chamber conditions. The analysis demonstrates that measures taken to increase the absolute accuracy of flux estimates, including shorter deployment times, larger chamber heights, and nonlinear FC schemes, will also increase the variance in flux estimates to an extent that depends on errors associated with sampling techniques and analytical instrument performance. These effects, in the absence of any actual variation in fluxes, can generate coefficients of variation ranging from 3 to 70% depending on measurement conditions. It is also shown that nonlinear FC schemes are prone to generating positively skewed distributions. These effects decrease confidence in N2O flux estimates and inhibit the detection of differences arising from experimental factors. In general, a linear FC scheme will be more likely to detect relative differences in fluxes, although less accurate in absolute terms than nonlinear schemes. The techniques described here have been codified into an accessible spreadsheet-based tool for evaluating accuracy and precision trade-offs under specific measurement conditions.
C1 [Venterea, Rodney T.; Spokas, Kurt A.; Baker, John M.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Venterea, RT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle 439 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM rod.venterea@ars.usda.gov
RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009; Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016
OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959
FU USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS)
FX This work was improved based on the suggestions of three anonymous
reviewers, and was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service
(ARS) under the ARS GRACEnet Project.
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PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
EI 1435-0661
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1087
EP 1093
DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0307
PG 7
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100001
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez-Ramirez, G
Brouder, SM
Smith, DR
Van Scoyoc, GE
Michalski, G
AF Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo
Brouder, Sylvie M.
Smith, Douglas R.
Van Scoyoc, George E.
Michalski, Greg
TI Nitrous Oxide Production in an Eastern Corn Belt Soil: Sources and Redox
Range
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; GLOBAL N2O BUDGET; NITRIC-OXIDE;
ORGANIC-MATTER; GRASSLAND SOIL; DENITRIFICATION; NITRIFICATION; METHANE;
NITRATE; MANURE
AB Nitrous oxide derived from soils is a main contributor to the greenhouse gas effect and a precursor to ozone-depleting substrates; however, the source processes and interacting controls are nor well established. This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude and source (nitrification vs. denitrification) of N2O production as affected by the form of N fertilizer, soil water content, and redox potential (Eh). Soils from continuous corn (Zea mays L.) experimental plots with a history of eight consecutive years of either side-dressed urea-NH4NO3 (UAN) or fall liquid swine manure (FM) were collected and N2O evolution was traced in both aerobic and anaerobic incubations using N-15 labeling. Partitioning results were highly variable but suggested that enhanced denitrification occurred after an extreme increase in soil water content (from 45 to 90% water-filled pore space [WFPS]) while a more coupled nitrification-denitrificarion process drove N2O evolution at moderate water content (55% WFPS). Manured soils at high water contents registered shorter duration peaks but with higher overall N2O production rates than those observed at moderate water content (7-d weighted average of 0.61 vs. 0.09 mu g N2O kg(-1) soil h(-1)). Under anoxic conditions, manured soils showed higher N2O production rates than UAN soils (up to 336 and 145 mu g N2O kg(-1) soil h(-1), respectively) shortly after flooding, which coincided with a sharp drop in Eh (from 575 to 466 mV). Irrespective of the N source, a narrow, consistent Eh range for N2O production occurred under moderate reducing conditions (420-575 mV). These results indicate that soils receiving repeated manure application that are subject to intensive, recurrent soil rewetting events may be prone to higher N2O emissions.
C1 [Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Brouder, Sylvie M.; Van Scoyoc, George E.] Purdue Univ, Dep Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Smith, Douglas R.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Michalski, Greg] Purdue Univ, Dep Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Hernandez-Ramirez, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2150 Pammel Dr, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM Guillermo.Hernandez@ars.usda.gov
RI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/I-5429-2013
OI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/0000-0001-8225-5813
FU USDA-NRI; Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse
Gases; Department of State (Fulbright Program)
FX We thank L. Wright, J. Turner, B. Hofinann, A. De-Campos, S. Oleynik, R.
Graef, and D. Bucholtz for their technical assistance, L.D. Norton and
C. Huang for facilitating the use of the geobiochemical reactor, and B.
Joern for coordinating the manure applications. We acknowledge partial
financial support by USDA-NRI (Soil and Soil Biology Program),
Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases
(CASMGS), and the Department of State (Fulbright Program).
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PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1182
EP 1191
DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0183
PG 10
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100014
ER
PT J
AU Kishne, AS
Morgan, CLS
Miller, WL
AF Kishne, A. Sz.
Morgan, C. L. S.
Miller, W. L.
TI Vertisol Crack Extent Associated with Gilgai and Soil Moisture in the
Texas Gulf Coast Prairie
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID LINEAR SHRINKAGE CURVE; CLAY SOIL; WATER-FLOW; IN-SITU; VARIABILITY;
INFILTRATION; TRANSPORT; MOVEMENT; CLIMATE; CORES
AB Long-term observations of in situ crack formation and closure in shrink-swell soils are rare, but important to understanding hydrology in shrink-swell soils. To analyze spatial and temporal vriability of crack development in a Vertisol with gilgai, soil cracks were measured on a 100-m(2) area of Laewest clay (fine, smectitic, hyperthermic Typic Hapludert) with native tallgrass vegetation on 42 dates from 1989 to 1998. Our objectives were to (i) report the distribution of Vertisol cracking across gilgai in icrotopography; (ii) estimate crack depth as a function of crack width considering gilgai; (iii) investigate the relationship of surface cracking and soil moisture considering gilgai and hysteresis. All surface cracks were mapped on scaled diagrams with width categorized, and some crack depth measured. Gravimetric soil moisture corresponding to crack measurements was measured on 18 dates, and on an additional 32 dates without crack measurements. Drying, wetting, and uniform soil moisture conditions were classified from the difference in soil moisture from 10- to 25-cm depths. Microtopography was quantified using a digital elevation model. Results showed that crack area density was greatest on microhighs and microslopes, though microlows had the largest cracking potential. The linear correlation between crack depth and width was moderately strong (r(2) = 0.5), and not affected significantly by gilgai and hysteresis. However, taking hysteresis into account improved the linear regression models of crack area density versus soil moisture (up to r(2) = 0.69) on both microhighs and microlows. Antecedent soil moisture seemed to impact in situ crack area density. Further field studies are recommended.
C1 [Kishne, A. Sz.; Morgan, C. L. S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Miller, W. L.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Victoria, TX 77902 USA.
RP Kishne, AS (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM akishne@ag.tamu.edu
RI Morgan, Cristine`/A-1555-2013
OI Morgan, Cristine`/0000-0001-9836-0669
FU Texas AgriLife Research
FX This research was funded by the Texas AgriLife Research and a
Cooperative Agreement with the Texas USDA-NRCS. The authors are thankful
to Dr. R. Srinivasan and T Snelgrove at Spatial Sciences Laboratory of
Texas A&M University for their assistance in digitizing the crack
diagrams, and to Drs. J.B. Dixon and L.P Wilding for insightful
discussions. The constructive comments on the manuscript by Dr. C.T
Hallmark and the anonymous reviewers are appreciated.
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PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
EI 1435-0661
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1221
EP 1230
DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0081
PG 10
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100018
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, TL
Norman, RJ
Slaton, NA
Wilson, CE
Ross, WJ
Bushong, JT
AF Roberts, T. L.
Norman, R. J.
Slaton, N. A.
Wilson, C. E., Jr.
Ross, W. J.
Bushong, J. T.
TI Direct Steam Distillation as an Alternative to the Illinois Soil
Nitrogen Test
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC NITROGEN; CORN; FERTILIZATION; INDEXES; NEED
AB Development of the Illinois Soil N Test (ISNT) has rejuvenated the search for a soil-based N test to measure potentially mineralizable soil N. Accurate quantification of amino sugar N has been achieved using the ISNT but issues concerning sample variability and analysis time have led to the discovery of a 10 mol L(-1) NaOH direct steam distillation (DSD) procedure. Our primary objective was to determine if DSD could be used as a reliable alternative to the ISNT Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the two methods based on recovery of N from pure organic compounds, specificity tests to determine amine group hydrolysis, and recovery of (15)N-labeled glucosamine N added to soils. Both methods recovered appreciable amounts of amino sugar N from pure compounds and the ISNT had a higher recovery of N from all amino sugar compounds. Recovery of N from glucamine and asparagine was higher using DSD. Direct (15)N techniques for recovery of glucosamine N added to six soils showed no significant difference between the two methods within a soil, recovery sign but resulted in significant differences among soils. Glucosamine-(15)N recovery positively correlated with soil total N. Although the ISNT and DSD measure different amounts of amino sugar N and transition amino acid N, they recover relatively the same amount of hydrolyzable N for a given soil, indicating that differences between the methods may not be that significant as both appear to quanrify a pool of potentially mineralizable N. Direct steam distillation appears to be a viable alternative to the ISNT in correlation and calibration of crop response for N-fertilizer recommendations due to the short analysis time per sample (similar to 6 min) and the accurate estimation of potentially mineralizable N.
C1 [Roberts, T. L.; Norman, R. J.; Slaton, N. A.; Wilson, C. E., Jr.; Ross, W. J.] Univ Arkansas, Crop Soil & Environm Sci Dep, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Bushong, J. T.] USDA NRCS, Woodward, OK 73801 USA.
RP Roberts, TL (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Crop Soil & Environm Sci Dep, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM tlrobert@uark.edu
FU Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board; Rice Foundation
FX Appreciation is expressed to the lab and field personnel that assisted
with the sampling and analysis for this study. Support for this research
was funded by the Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board as well as
the U.S. Rice Foundation.
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U2 8
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PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1268
EP 1275
DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0165
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100023
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, GH
Liu, YM
Han, YF
Zhang, XC
AF Zhang, Guang-hui
Liu, Yu-mei
Han, Yan-feng
Zhang, X. C.
TI Sediment Transport and Soil Detachment on Steep Slopes: I. Transport
Capacity Estimation
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID OVERLAND-FLOW; SHALLOW FLOW; ANSWERS MODEL; EROSION MODEL; TECHNOLOGY;
SURFACES; EQUATION
AB Precise estimation of sediment transport capacity (T(c)) is critical to the development of physically based erosion models. Few data are available for estimating T(c) on steep slopes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of unit flow discharge (q), slope gradient (S), and mean flow velocity on I c in shallow flows and to investigate the relationship between T(c) and shear stress, stream power, and unit stream power on steep slopes using a 5-m-long and 0.4-m-wide nonerodible flume bed. Unit flow discharge ranged from 0.625 x 10(-3) to 5 x 10(-3) m(2) s(-1) and slope gradient from 8.8 to 46.6%. The diameter of the test riverbed sediment varied from 20 to 2000 pm, with a median diameter of 280 mu m. The results showed that T(c) increased as a power function with discharge and slope gradient with a coefficient of Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) of 0.95. The influences of S on T(c) increased as S increased, with T(c) being slightly more sensitive to q than to S. The T(c) was well predicted by shear stress (NSE = 0.97) and stream power (NSE = 0.98) but less satisfactorily by unit stream power (NSE = 0.92) for the slope range of 8.8 to 46.6%. Mean flow velocity was also a good predictor of T(c) (NSE = 0.95). Mean flow velocity increased as q and S increased in this study. Overall, stream power seems to be the preferred predictor for estimating T(c) for steep slopes; however, the predictive relationships derived in this study need to be evaluated further in eroding beds using a range of soil materials under various slopes.
C1 [Zhang, Guang-hui] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Guang-hui; Liu, Yu-mei; Han, Yan-feng] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, X. C.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA.
RP Zhang, GH (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM ghzhang@bnu.edu.cn
RI li, dongsheng/B-2285-2012
FU National Key Basic Research Special Foundation Project of China
[2007CB407204]
FX Financial Assistance for this work was provided by the National Key
Basic Research Special Foundation Project of China (2007CB407204).
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PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1291
EP 1297
DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0145
PG 7
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100026
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, GH
Liu, YM
Han, YF
Zhang, XC
AF Zhang, Guang-hui
Liu, Yu-mei
Han, Yan-feng
Zhang, X. C.
TI Sediment Transport and Soil Detachment on Steep Slopes: II. Sediment
Feedback Relationship
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID RILL EROSION; CONCENTRATED FLOW; WATER EROSION; SHALLOW FLOW; MODEL;
TECHNOLOGY; DEPOSITION; CAPACITY; EQUATION
AB Quantifying the effect of sediment load on the detachment rate is crucial to understand soil erosion processes and develop physically based soil erosion models. Many recent studies attempted to quantify the feedback relationship between sediment load and detachment rate. To date, however, the effects of sediment load on detachment rate are still unclear. The objectives of this study were to examine the potential effects of sediment load on detachment rates and to examine the widely assumed linear relationship between sediment load and detachment rate in rills under controlled conditions. Experiments were performed in a hydraulic flume with constant roughness. Slope gradient (S) varied from 8.8 to 46.6% and unit flow rate (q) from 1.25 to 5.00 x 10(-3) m(2) s(-1). Detachment rates were measured under different sediment loads, which were 0 (clear water), 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the sediment transport capacity (T(c)) for 20 combinations of q and S. Results showed that detachment rates decreased as sediment load increased. Discrepancies in declining patterns of detachment rates were observed. Regression results indicated that 16 combinations of q and S were best simulated by linear feedback relationships, while four combinations were best fitted to exponential functions. Both predicted detachment capacity (D(c)) and T(c) by linear relationships agreed well with the corresponding measured values (R(2) = 0.99, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency [NSE] = 0.97 for D(c); R(2) = 0.99, NSE = 0.98 for T(c)). The predicted detachment rate by a first-order coupling equation agreed with the measured data (R(2) = 0.94, NSE >= 0.92). Overall, the feedback relationship between sediment load and detachment rate in this flume study could be adequately represented by the first-order coupling equation.
C1 [Zhang, Guang-hui] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Guang-hui; Liu, Yu-mei; Han, Yan-feng] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, X. C.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA.
RP Zhang, GH (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM ghzhang@bnu.edu.cn
RI li, dongsheng/B-2285-2012
FU National Key Basic Research Special Foundation Project of China
[2007CB407204]; National Key Technologies RD Program [2006BA09B05]
FX Financial assistance for this work was provided by the National Key
Basic Research Special Foundation Project of China (2007CB407204) and
the National Key Technologies R&D Program (2006BA09B05).
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PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1298
EP 1304
DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0074
PG 7
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100027
ER
PT J
AU Blanco-Canqui, H
Mikha, MM
Benjamin, JG
Stone, LR
Schlegel, AJ
Lyon, DJ
Vigil, MF
Stahlman, PW
AF Blanco-Canqui, Humberto
Mikha, M. M.
Benjamin, J. G.
Stone, L. R.
Schlegel, A. J.
Lyon, D. J.
Vigil, M. F.
Stahlman, P. W.
TI Regional Study of No-Till Impacts on Near-Surface Aggregate Properties
that Influence Soil Erodibility
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC-MATTER; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; WATER REPELLENCY; WINTER-WHEAT;
MANAGEMENT; STABILITY; WETTABILITY; CLIMATE; FALLOW
AB The extent to which tillage systems modify the near-surface soil aggregate properties affecting soil's susceptibility to erosion by water and wind is not well understood. We hypothesized that an increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) content with conservation tillage systems, particularly no-till (NT), may improve near-surface soil aggregate properties that influence soil erodibility. This regional study assessed changes in aggregate resistance to raindrops, dry aggregate wettability, and dry aggregate stability as well as their relationships with changes in SOC content. Four long-term (>19 yr) tillage systems including moldboard plow (M P), conventional till (CT), reduced till (RT), and NT were chosen across the central Great Plains at Hays and Tribune, KS, Akron, CO, and Sidney, NE. The kinetic energy (KE) of raindrops required to disintegrate 4.75- to 8-min aggregates from NT soils equilibrated at -0.03 and -155 MPa matric potential was between two and seven times greater than that required for MP and CT soils in the 0- to 2-cm depth in all soils. At the same depth, the water drop penetration time (WDPT) in aggregates from NT soils was four times greater at Akron and Hays and seven times greater at Sidney and Tribune compared with that in plowed soils. Aggregates from NT soils were more stable under rain and less wettable than those from plowed soils particularly in the surface 0 to 5 cm, but RT had lesser beneficial effects than NT management. The SOC content increased with NT over MP and CT and explained 35% of the variability across soils in aggregate wettability and 28% of the variability in resistance to raindrops in the 0- to 2-cm depth. Aggregate wettability explained 47% of the variability across soils in KE of raindrops required for the disintegration of aggregates. No-till management did not affect dry aggregate-size distribution and stability except at Akron where mean weight diameter (MWD) in RT and NT was 50% lower than in M P management in the 0- to 2-cm depth. Aggregates in MP and CT soils were either stronger or equally strong when dry but less stable when wet than in NT soils. Overall, NT farming enhanced near-surface aggregate properties affecting erosion by water but had small or no effects on dry aggregate stability.
C1 [Blanco-Canqui, Humberto; Stahlman, P. W.] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA.
[Mikha, M. M.; Benjamin, J. G.; Vigil, M. F.] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA.
[Stone, L. R.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Schlegel, A. J.] Kansas State Univ, SW Res Extens Ctr, Tribune, KS 67879 USA.
[Lyon, D. J.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69391 USA.
RP Blanco-Canqui, H (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, 1232 240th Ave, Hays, KS 67601 USA.
EM hblanco@ksu.edu
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PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1361
EP 1368
DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0401
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100035
ER
PT J
AU Reichert, JM
Norton, LD
Favaretto, N
Huang, CH
Blume, E
AF Reichert, Jose Miguel
Norton, L. Darrell
Favaretto, Nerilde
Huang, Chi-hua
Blume, Elena
TI Settling Velocity, Aggregate Stability, and Interrill Erodibility of
Soils Varying in Clay Mineralogy
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC-MATTER; SEAL FORMATION; WATER-CONTENT; IRON-OXIDE; EROSION;
INFILTRATION; RAIN; MOISTURE; BREAKDOWN; COHESION
AB Mechanisms of aggregate disruption and the measurement techniques used to quantify them for different aggregate sizes affect the relation of aggregate stability to soil erodibility and to basic soil properties. We evaluated two different techniques of aggregate stability analysis that gave either a settling velocity or stability of aggregates parameter for different sized aggregates which we compared with interrill erodibility for 10 clay soils. We compared the differences in these parameters from slow wetting to reduce slaking to air-dried aggregates and compared these differences to soil properties. Aggregate settling velocity and stability and soil interrill erodibility were strongly affected by clay mineralogy and physical-chemical properties. The mechanism of aggregate disruption was dependent on clay type. Slaking during fast wetting was important in kaolinitic/oxidic soils, whereas highly smectitic clay increased particle dispersion and slaking on swelling, with a consequent reduction in size and speed of settling aggregates. Swelling of clays may have overridden any reduction in slaking by slow capillary prewetting of illite or smectite (with no kaolinite) soils, causing aggregate instability with both slow and fast wetting procedures. Correlation analysis showed that 4.76- to 8-mm aggregates with a high slaking index also demonstrated more slaking under wet sieving and slower fall velocity. Interrill erodibility had greater correlation with the mean weight diameter (MWD) of stable aggregates in the 1- to 2-mm size class, than for the whole soil (aggregates <8 mm), and no correlation was observed with any of the slaking indexes involving wet sieving or settling in water. Multiple regression analysis indicated that 89% of the variability in erodibility for prewetted soil was explained by MWD of prewetted 1- to 2-mm stable aggregates (MWDW), available water content, and fall velocity of 1- to 2-mm dry aggregates, while 96% of the variability in erodibility for dry soil was explained by MWDW for 1- to 2-mm prewetted aggregates, water dispersible clay, and fall velocity for 1- to 2-mm dry aggregates. The interrill erodibility, for dry and wet soil, was greatest for the highly smectitic and least for the high-clay kaolinitic/oxidic, both under annual crops. The higher erodibility and lack of slaking reduction effect on our prewetted soil under simulated rainfall is explained by a confounding effect of high water table, high steady-state runoff and slaking.
C1 [Norton, L. Darrell; Huang, Chi-hua] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Reichert, Jose Miguel; Blume, Elena] Univ Fed Santa Maria, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
[Favaretto, Nerilde] Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
RP Norton, LD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, 275 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM norton@purdue.edu
RI Reichert, Jose Miguel/F-8189-2012; Reichert, Jose/F-2393-2014;
Favaretto, Nerilde/B-3571-2015
OI Reichert, Jose/0000-0003-3130-5264;
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U2 23
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
EI 1435-0661
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1369
EP 1377
DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0067
PG 9
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100036
ER
PT J
AU Wei, H
Nearing, MA
Stone, JJ
Guertin, DP
Spaeth, KE
Pierson, FB
Nichols, MH
Moffett, CA
AF Wei, H.
Nearing, M. A.
Stone, J. J.
Guertin, D. P.
Spaeth, K. E.
Pierson, F. B.
Nichols, M. H.
Moffett, C. A.
TI A New Splash and Sheet Erosion Equation for Rangelands
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SOIL-EROSION; INTERRILL ERODIBILITIES; RAINFALL INTENSITY; SEDIMENT
DELIVERY; RUNOFF; CROPLAND; MODEL; AUSTRALIA; DISCHARGE; SCALES
AB Soil loss rates predicted from erosion models for rangelands have the potential to be important quantitative indicators for rangeland health and for assessing conservation practices. Splash and sheet erosion processes on rangelands differ from croplands, where the process is conceptualized in part as interrill erosion. Previous interrill equations were developed from cropland soils where interrill erosion was conceptualized and modeled for small plots, which are not generally large enough to encompass the relative high spatial heterogeneity of rangelands. Also, interrill is usually modeled as a function of rainfall intensity (I) and runoff rate (q) such that I and q are independent of each other. Splash and sheet erosion is the dominant type of erosion on most undisturbed rangeland hillslopes where there is adequate vegetation, and these important erosion processes need to be addressed to develop an appropriate rangeland erosion model. In this study, we developed a new equation for calculating the combined rate of splash and sheet erosion (D(ss)) using a large set of rainfall simulation data from the western United States. The equation we propose: D(ss) = K(ss)I(1.052)q(0.592) where K(ss) is a splash and sheet erosion coefficient, takes into account a key interrelationship between I and q revealed in the data. This equation was successfully evaluated using independent sets of multiple-intensity experimental data. The new equation should enable improved estimation of water erosion on rangelands in the western United States and in other parts of the world.
C1 [Wei, H.; Nearing, M. A.; Stone, J. J.; Guertin, D. P.; Spaeth, K. E.; Pierson, F. B.; Nichols, M. H.; Moffett, C. A.] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Wei, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM haiyan.wei@ars.usda.gov
NR 38
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 14
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1386
EP 1392
DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0061
PG 7
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 468XY
UT WOS:000267859100038
ER
PT J
AU Busscher, WJ
Bjorneberg, DL
Sojka, RE
AF Busscher, W. J.
Bjorneberg, D. L.
Sojka, R. E.
TI Field application of PAM as an amendment in deep-tilled US southeastern
coastal plain soils
SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Deep tillage; Soil penetration resistance; Polyacrylamide; Maize;
Coastal plains
ID ORGANIC-MATTER; TILLAGE; WATER; POLYACRYLAMIDE; STRENGTH; COTTON;
DECOMPOSITION; DEGRADATION; IRRIGATION; COMPACTION
AB In sandy soils of the southeastern USA coastal plains, crop production is limited by low water holding capacity and compacted soil layers that reduce root growth and productivity. Polyacrylamide (PAM) was added to sandy coastal plain soils to improve physical properties and yield. Soils were amended with linear and cross-linked PAMs. Treatments and controls included the following: (1) spraying a 600 mg kg(-1) solution of linear PAM behind a subsoil shank at a rate of 3.93 kg ha(-1), (2) spraying a 100 mg kg(-1) solution at 0.66 kg ha(-1), (3) spraying only water at 13.1 m 3 ha(-1), (4) dropping a dry PAM powder formulation (3005 KB) behind a subsoil shank at 300 kg ha(-1), (5) dropping another dry PAM powder formulation (3005 K2) at 230 kg ha(-1), (6) dropping a dry PAM powder formulation 3005 K2 at a lower rate of 55 kg ha(-1), (7) applying nothing behind a subsoil shank, and (8) not subsoiling. In each of the 3 years of the experiment, new sets of treatments were set up while the old ones were maintained to look at longevity of the PAM effect. Though treatment effects were dominated by the tillage, the crosslinked PAMs were the only treatments more effective than tillage alone. The cross-linked PAMs may have been more effective because we could add more in dry form than in the spray form. The effect diminished with time similar to or faster than the results seen in tillage only. Though some PAM applications may have reduced cone indices, yields were not affected. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Busscher, W. J.] USDA ARS, Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA.
[Bjorneberg, D. L.; Sojka, R. E.] USDA ARS, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA.
RP Busscher, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA.
EM warren.busscher@ars.usda.gov
NR 28
TC 12
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-1987
J9 SOIL TILL RES
JI Soil Tillage Res.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 104
IS 2
BP 215
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.still.2009.02.009
PG 6
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 466VL
UT WOS:000267691300002
ER
PT J
AU Ayre, BG
Stevens, K
Chapman, KD
Webber, CL
Dagnon, KL
D'Souza, NA
AF Ayre, Brian G.
Stevens, Kevin
Chapman, Kent D.
Webber, Charles L., III
Dagnon, Koffi L.
D'Souza, Nandika A.
TI Viscoelastic Properties of Kenaf Bast Fiber in Relation to Stem Age
SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE fabric formation; fiber; performance; processing; properties; strength;
yarn
AB Natural fibers traditionally used for cordage are proving valuable for advanced industrial applications due in part to beneficial physical and chemical properties, but also because they are a renewable and biodegradable resource. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L., Malvaceae) produces high yields of lignocellulosic bast fibers in the bark layer, and is a promising crop for supplying emerging fiber markets. Bast fibers are bundles of cells that undergo extensive cell-wall thickening during maturation. Bundle maturity is therefore an important determinant of the fibers' mechanical properties and ultimately contributes to their quality in specific applications. Fiber bundles in stem sections of progressive age were analyzed by epifluorescence microscopy, and viscoelastic properties determined by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Early-forming primary fibers were larger than later-forming secondary fibers, but cell-wall thicknening contributed most to elasitc and viscous response of the fiber.
C1 [Ayre, Brian G.; Stevens, Kevin; Chapman, Kent D.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Chapman, Kent D.] Univ N Texas, Ctr Plant Lipid Res, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Webber, Charles L., III] USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK USA.
[Dagnon, Koffi L.; D'Souza, Nandika A.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
RP Ayre, BG (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM brian.ayre@unt.edu
OI DSouza, Nandika/0000-0002-8553-0347
FU National Science Foundation [IOS 0344088]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation IOS
0344088 to BGA.
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0040-5175
J9 TEXT RES J
JI Text. Res. J.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 79
IS 11
BP 973
EP 980
DI 10.1177/0040517508100185
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Textiles
SC Materials Science
GA 470US
UT WOS:000268007200002
ER
PT J
AU Sankaran, RP
Huguet, T
Grusak, MA
AF Sankaran, Renuka P.
Huguet, Thierry
Grusak, Michael A.
TI Identification of QTL affecting seed mineral concentrations and content
in the model legume Medicago truncatula
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; IRON TRANSPORT; METAL
TRANSPORTERS; MENDELIAN FACTORS; PISUM-SATIVUM; GENE FAMILY; ZIP FAMILY;
PLANTS; ZINC
AB Increasing the amount of bioavailable micronutrients such as iron and zinc in plant foods for human consumption is an international goal, intended especially for developing countries where micronutrient deficiencies are an ongoing health risk. Legume seeds have the potential to provide the essential nutrients required by humans, but concentrations of several minerals are low when compared to other foods. In order to increase seed mineral concentrations, it is important to understand the genes and processes involved in mineral distribution within the plant. The main objectives of this study were to use a Medicago truncatula recombinant inbred population (Jemalong-6 x DZA 315.16) to determine loci governing seed mineral concentrations, seed mineral content, and average seed weight, and to use these loci to propose candidate genes whose expression might contribute to these traits. Ninety-three lines in 2004 and 169 lines in 2006 were grown for seed harvest and subsequent analysis of seed Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn concentrations and content. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) cartographer was used to identify QTL using composite interval mapping (CIM). CIM identified 46 QTL for seed mineral concentration, 26 for seed mineral content, and 3 for average seed weight. At least one QTL was detected for each mineral trait, and colocation of QTL for several minerals was found in both years. Results comparing seed weight with seed mineral concentration and content QTL demonstrate that seed size can be an important determinant of seed mineral concentration. The identification, in this model legume, of transgressive segregation for nearly all the minerals suggests that allelic recombination of relevant mineral-related genes in agronomic legumes could be a successful strategy to increase seed mineral concentrations above current levels.
C1 [Sankaran, Renuka P.; Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Huguet, Thierry] ENS Agron, SP2, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
RP Grusak, MA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM mgrusak@bcm.edu
FU USDA-ARS [58-6250-6-003]; Harvest Plus [58-6250-4-F029]
FX This work was funded in part by funds from USDA-ARS under Agreement No.
58-6250-6-003 and from the Harvest Plus Project under Agreement No.
58-6250-4-F029 to MAG. The contents of this publication do not
necessarily reXect the views or policies of the US Department of
Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or
organizations imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 54
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U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 119
IS 2
BP 241
EP 253
DI 10.1007/s00122-009-1033-2
PG 13
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA 466UH
UT WOS:000267687900005
PM 19396421
ER
PT J
AU Chu, CG
Friesen, TL
Xu, SS
Faris, JD
Kolmer, JA
AF Chu, C. -G.
Friesen, T. L.
Xu, S. S.
Faris, J. D.
Kolmer, J. A.
TI Identification of novel QTLs for seedling and adult plant leaf rust
resistance in a wheat doubled haploid population
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID F-SP TRITICI; SPRING WHEAT; STRIPE RUST; PUCCINIA-RECONDITA;
WINTER-WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; GENES; LOCI; NOMENCLATURE; CULTIVARS
AB Pyramiding of genes that confer partial resistance is a method for developing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with durable resistance to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina. In this research, a doubled haploid population derived from the cross between the synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) (xAegilotriticum spp.) line TA4152-60 and the North Dakota breeding line ND495 was used for identifying genes conferring partial resistance to leaf rust in both the adult plant and seedling stages. Five QTLs located on chromosome arms 3AL, 3BL, 4DL, 5BL and 6BL were associated with adult plant resistance with the latter four representing novel leaf rust resistance QTLs. Resistance effects of the 4DL QTL were contributed by ND495 and the effects of the other QTLs were contributed by the SHW line. The QTL on chromosome arm 3AL had large effects and also conferred seedling resistance to leaf rust races MJBJ, TDBG and MFPS. The other major QTL, which was on chromosome arm 3BL, conferred seedling resistance to race MFPS and was involved in a significant interaction with a locus on chromosome arm 5DS. The QTLs and the associated molecular markers identified in this research can be used to develop wheat cultivars with potentially durable leaf rust resistance.
C1 [Kolmer, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Chu, C. -G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Friesen, T. L.; Xu, S. S.; Faris, J. D.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Kolmer, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, 1551 Lindig Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM jkolmer@umn.edu
FU USDA-ARS CRIS' [3640-21220-020-00D, 5442-22000-043-00D]
FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS' 3640-21220-020-00D and
5442-22000-043-00D.
NR 26
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U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 119
IS 2
BP 263
EP 269
DI 10.1007/s00122-009-1035-0
PG 7
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA 466UH
UT WOS:000267687900007
PM 19396420
ER
PT J
AU Ray, JD
Morel, W
Smith, JR
Frederick, RD
Miles, MR
AF Ray, Jeffery D.
Morel, Wilfrido
Smith, James R.
Frederick, Reid D.
Miles, Monte R.
TI Genetics and mapping of adult plant rust resistance in soybean PI 587886
and PI 587880A
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; CONFERS RESISTANCE; GENES; LOCUS; INHERITANCE;
PARAGUAY; MAP
AB Two soybean accessions, PI 587886 and PI 587880A, previously identified as having resistance to Phakospora pachyrhizi Syd. (soybean rust, SBR) were used to create two populations (POP-1 and POP-2) segregating for SBR resistance. F-2-derived F-3 (F-2:3) families from each population were grown in a naturally SBR-infected field in Paraguay to determine inheritance and map resistance genes. Over 6,000 plants from 178 families in POP-1 and over 5,000 plants from 160 families in POP-2 were evaluated at R5 for lesion type: immune reaction (IR), reddish-brown (RB), or tan (TAN) colored lesions. Based on the lesion type present, each F-2:3 family was rated as resistant, segregating or susceptible and this classification was used to infer the F-2-phenotype and genotype. For both populations, the F-2 segregation ratios fit a 1:2:1 (resistant:segregating:susceptible) ratio expected for a single gene (P > 0.05). The RB lesions occurred almost exclusively in the heterozygous class, indicating incomplete dominance under the conditions of this study. Molecular markers flanking the locations of the known resistance genes were used to map the resistance gene in both populations to the Rpp1 locus. However, evaluation of PI 587886 and PI 587880A against eight P. pachyrhizi isolates indicated that the resistance allele in these two accessions was different from Rpp1. This test also demonstrated that these accessions were resistant to at least one P. pachyrhizi isolate collected in the southern US. This is the first report of using an adult plant field-screen with natural rust pressure to map SBR resistance.
C1 [Ray, Jeffery D.; Smith, James R.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Morel, Wilfrido] Ctr Reg Invest Agr, Capitan Miranda, Itapua, Paraguay.
[Frederick, Reid D.] ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
[Miles, Monte R.] Univ Illinois, ARS, USDA, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Ray, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM jeff.ray@ars.usda.gov
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010
NR 30
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0040-5752
EI 1432-2242
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 119
IS 2
BP 271
EP 280
DI 10.1007/s00122-009-1036-z
PG 10
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA 466UH
UT WOS:000267687900008
PM 19396573
ER
PT J
AU Okubara, PA
Steber, CM
DeMacon, VL
Walter, NL
Paulitz, TC
Kidwell, KK
AF Okubara, Patricia Ann
Steber, Camille M.
DeMacon, Victor L.
Walter, Nathalie L.
Paulitz, Timothy C.
Kidwell, Kimberlee K.
TI Scarlet-Rz1, an EMS-generated hexaploid wheat with tolerance to the
soilborne necrotrophic pathogens Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 and R. oryzae
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHEATH BLIGHT RESISTANCE; ROOT-ROT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FUNGAL PATHOGENS;
REDUCED TILLAGE; INDUCED MUTATIONS; PLANT-RESISTANCE; FIELD-RESISTANCE;
STEM-RUST; ARABIDOPSIS
AB The necrotrophic root pathogens Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 and R. oryzae cause Rhizoctonia root rot and damping-off, yield-limiting diseases that pose barriers to the adoption of conservation tillage in wheat production systems. Existing control practices are only partially effective, and natural genetic resistance to Rhizoctonia has not been identified in wheat or its close relatives. We report the first genetic resistance/tolerance to R. solani AG-8 and R. oryzae in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) germplasm 'Scarlet-Rz1'. Scarlet-Rz1 was derived from the allohexaploid spring wheat cultivar Scarlet using EMS mutagenesis. Tolerant seedlings displayed substantial root and shoot growth after 14 days in the presence of 100-400 propagules per gram soil of R. solani AG-8 and R. oryzae in greenhouse assays. BC(2)F(4) individuals of Scarlet-Rz1 showed a high and consistent degree of tolerance. Seedling tolerance was transmissible and appeared to be dominant or co-dominant. Scarlet-Rz1 is a promising genetic resource for developing Rhizoctonia-tolerant wheat cultivars because the tolerance trait immediately can be deployed into wheat breeding germplasm through cross-hybridization, thereby avoiding difficulties with transfer from secondary or tertiary relatives as well as constraints associated with genetically modified plants. Our findings also demonstrate the utility of chemical mutagenesis for generating tolerance to necrotrophic pathogens in allohexaploid wheat.
C1 [Okubara, Patricia Ann; Walter, Nathalie L.; Paulitz, Timothy C.] ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Steber, Camille M.] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[DeMacon, Victor L.; Kidwell, Kimberlee K.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Okubara, PA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM patricia.okubara@ars.usda.gov
OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803
FU Washington Wheat Commission [3019-5850, 3061-3564]; USDA-ARS
[5248-22000-012-00D, 5348-21220-003-00D]
FX We are grateful to Jamie Baley, Kurtis Schroeder, Lucia Strader and
Xianming Chen for expert assistance, and to Kim Garland Campbell and
Scot Hulbert for critical reading of the manuscript. This research was
supported by Washington Wheat Commission Project Numbers 3019-5850
(C.S., K.K., P.O.) and 3061-3564 (P.O., T.P.) and by USDA-ARS Project
Numbers 5248-22000-012-00D ( P.O., T. P.) and 5348-21220-003-00D (C.S.).
References to a company and/or product by the USDA are only for the
purposes of information and do not imply approval or recommendation of
the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable.
NR 46
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U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 119
IS 2
BP 293
EP 303
DI 10.1007/s00122-009-1038-x
PG 11
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA 466UH
UT WOS:000267687900010
PM 19407984
ER
PT J
AU Sood, S
Kuraparthy, V
Bai, GH
Gill, BS
AF Sood, Shilpa
Kuraparthy, Vasu
Bai, Guihua
Gill, Bikram S.
TI The major threshability genes soft glume (sog) and tenacious glume (Tg),
of diploid and polyploid wheat, trace their origin to independent
mutations at non-orthologous loci
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; LEAF RUST RESISTANCE; AGROPYRON-ELONGATUM
CHROMOSOMES; FREE-THRESHING HABIT; BREAD WHEAT; HEXAPLOID WHEAT;
AEGILOPS-SQUARROSA; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY;
HOMOEOLOGOUS GROUP-2
AB Threshability is an important crop domestication trait. The wild wheat progenitors have tough glumes enveloping the floret that make spikes difficult to thresh, whereas cultivated wheats have soft glumes and are free-threshing. In hexaploid wheat, the glume tenacity gene Tg along with the major domestication locus Q control threshability. The Q gene was isolated recently and found to be a member of the AP2 class of transcription factors. However, only a few studies have reported on the tough glume trait. Here, we report comparative mapping of the soft glume (sog) gene of diploid Triticum monococcum L. and tenacious glume (Tg) gene of hexaploid T. aestivum L. using chromosome-specific SSR and RFLP markers. The sog gene was flanked by Xgwm71 and Xbcd120 in a 6.8 cM interval on chromosome 2A(m)S of T. monococcum whereas Tg was targeted to a 8.1 cM interval flanked by Xwmc503 and Xfba88 on chromosome 2DS of T. aestivum. Deletion bin mapping of the flanking markers assigned sog close to the centromere on 2AS, whereas Tg was mapped to the most distal region on 2DS. Both 2AS and 2DS maps were colinear ruling out the role of chromosome rearrangements for their non-syntenic positions. Therefore, sog and Tg are not true orthologues suggesting the possibility of a diverse origin.
C1 [Sood, Shilpa; Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Kuraparthy, Vasu] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, ARS, USDA, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Gill, BS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM shilpas@ksu.edu; bsgill@ksu.edu
FU USDA-CSREES [2006-55606-16629]; Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station
[09-004-J]
FX We express our gratitude to Dr. Harcharan Dhaliwal and Dr. Francesco
Salamini for supplying the T. monococcum free-threshing mutants and
Duane Wilson and Jon Raupp for excellent technical assistance. Special
thanks go to Dr. James Nelson for his help with the statistical analysis
of linkage data. Research was partly funded by a USDA-CSREES special
grant to WGGRC and a grant from the National Research Initiative of the
USDA CSREES Coordinated Agricultural Project grant number
2006-55606-16629 to Dr. Guihua Bai. Mention of trade names or commercial
products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing speciWc
information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S.
Department of Agriculture. This is contribution number 09-004-J from the
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station.
NR 67
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U1 1
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 119
IS 2
BP 341
EP 351
DI 10.1007/s00122-009-1043-0
PG 11
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA 466UH
UT WOS:000267687900015
PM 19421730
ER
PT J
AU Teske, ME
Miller, PCH
Thistle, HW
Birchfield, NB
AF Teske, M. E.
Miller, P. C. H.
Thistle, H. W.
Birchfield, N. B.
TI INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A MECHANISTIC SPRAY DRIFT MODEL
FOR GROUND BOOM SPRAYERS
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article
DE AGDISP; Ground sprayer; Lagrangian modeling; Spray drift
ID AERIAL APPLICATIONS; HYDRAULIC NOZZLES; LIQUID SPRAY; FIELD; SIMULATION;
VARIABLES; AIR; VELOCITY; AGDISP; CODE
AB This article summarizes the initial development of a mechanistic spray drift model for ground boom sprayers, built upon the same analytical Lagrangian approach used in the aerial spray model AGDISP. For ground boom sprayers the wake and turbulence of the aircraft are removed and more detailed modeling of the nozzle jets (and jet entrainment) is included. The model predicts the spray deposition downwind from the application area for any set of initial conditions, and recovers results compared with Spray Drift Task Force and Canadian field datasets for two ground sprayer nozzle types.
C1 [Teske, M. E.] Continuum Dynam Inc, Ewing, NJ 08616 USA.
[Miller, P. C. H.] Silsoe Spray Applicat Unit, Bedford, England.
[Thistle, H. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Birchfield, N. B.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Teske, ME (reprint author), Continuum Dynam Inc, 34 Lexington Ave, Ewing, NJ 08616 USA.
EM milt@continuum-dynamics.com
NR 37
TC 18
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0001-2351
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 4
BP 1089
EP 1097
PG 9
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 494BC
UT WOS:000269783100005
ER
PT J
AU Cho, J
Mostaghimi, S
Kang, MS
Chun, JA
AF Cho, J.
Mostaghimi, S.
Kang, M. S.
Chun, J. A.
TI SENSITIVITY TO GRID AND TIME RESOLUTION OF HYDROLOGY COMPONENTS OF
DANSAT
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article
DE Best management practices; DANSAT; Grid size; Nonpoint-source pollution;
Sensitivity; Time step
ID MODEL DEVELOPMENT; POLLUTION MODEL; PARAMETERS; SCALE; SIZE;
EVAPORATION; TRANSPORT; SEDIMENT; SURFACE; RUNOFF
AB A sensitivity analysis of the Dynamic Agricultural Nonpoint Source Assessment Tool (DANSAT) model to different grid sizes and time steps was conducted to investigate scale effects on hydrology and to provide users with a guideline for selecting an appropriate grid size and time step in order to enhance computational time efficiency. Response of the hydrology components to different grid sizes was analyzed by considering: (1) changes in input parameter values due to GIS manipulation processes, and (2) comprehensive response of the model through applications to a small agricultural subwatershed (QN2) in the Nomini Creek watershed, Virginia. In addition, model response to different time steps was analyzed in QN2 by changing the storm event time step (SET) of the model (1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min) against a fixed grid size. A maximum acceptable grid size (MAG) of 90 m was selected for QN2, considering changes in the accuracy of spatial data for different grid sizes. Only the overall response of the hydrology components to down-scaled (60 m) grid size in QN2 was acceptable without any further calibration. Daily streamflow for storm events decreased with increases in time step from 1 to 60 min, while total runoff for the simulation period increased slightly by 8%. Use of MAG (90 m) with an acceptable larger time step (10 min) based on monthly runoff criteria exponentially reduced computational time compared to an application using the smallest grid size and time step. Site-specific sensitivity analysis is recommended due to the possible differences in response of the hydrology components to watersheds with different hydrologic characteristics.
C1 [Chun, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Cho, J.] ARS, USDA, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID USA.
[Mostaghimi, S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA.
[Kang, M. S.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Rural Syst Engn, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Chun, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM jongahn.chun@ars.usda.gov
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0001-2351
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 4
BP 1121
EP 1128
PG 8
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 494BC
UT WOS:000269783100008
ER
PT J
AU Starks, PJ
Moriasi, DN
AF Starks, P. J.
Moriasi, D. N.
TI SPATIAL RESOLUTION EFFECT OF PRECIPITATION DATA ON SWAT CALIBRATION AND
PERFORMANCE: IMPLICATIONS FOR CEAP
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article
DE Model performance; Precipitation spatial resolution; SWAT; Watershed
ID RIVER-BASIN; NEXRAD PRECIPITATION; RAIN-GAGE; MODEL; SIMULATIONS;
OKLAHOMA; TEXAS; QUANTIFICATION; SENSITIVITY; ACCURACY
AB Precipitation data sets representing four spatial resolutions were used to evaluate the performance of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) on the basis of reproducing measured streamflow, and to show differences in model parameters when different precipitation data sets are used to calibrate the model. The experiment was conducted on the 786 km(2) Ft. Cobb Reservoir experimental watershed (FCREW) in southwestern Oklahoma. Precipitation data sets included the National Weather Service (NWS) cooperative weather network (Co-op), NWS next-generation radar precipitation estimates (NEXRAD), the University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University's joint state-wide weather station network (Mesonet), and the USDA-ARS weather station network (Micronet) deployed in the FCREW. The FCREW was divided into three main subwatersheds (Cobb, Lake, and Willow Creeks), with SWAT calibrated for each subwatershed using each precipitation data set. Model simulations were generally "good" to "very good" at both the daily and monthly time steps for all precipitation data sets, except in the Willow Creek subwatershed, which scored "satisfactory" at the monthly time step and "unsatisfactory" at the daily time step when the Co-op data were used. Calibrated parameter values within the Cobb Creek subwatershed changed little across precipitation data sets. In the Lake Creek and Willow Creek subwatersheds, the deep recharge calibration parameter values varied greatly with respect to precipitation data source. Such variation could inappropriately affect, for example, model assessments of conservation practices designed to ameliorate the movement of agro-chemicals from the surface to lower positions in the soil profile and eventually into the groundwater:
C1 [Starks, P. J.; Moriasi, D. N.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA.
RP Starks, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA.
EM Patrick.starks@ars.usda.gov
OI Moriasi, Daniel N/0000-0002-3389-3277
NR 40
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0001-2351
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 4
BP 1171
EP 1180
PG 10
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 494BC
UT WOS:000269783100012
ER
PT J
AU Ozeren, Y
Wren, DG
AF Ozeren, Y.
Wren, D. G.
TI PREDICTING WIND-DRIVEN WAVES IN SMALL RESERVOIRS
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article
DE Erosion protection; Levee protection; Wave prediction; Wind measurement
ID COASTAL REGIONS; GENERATION; MODEL; VALIDATION
AB The earthen levees commonly used to form irrigation reservoirs are subjected to significant embankment erosion due to wind-generated waves. The design of bank protection measures relies on adequate prediction of wave characteristics based on wind conditions and fetch length. Current formulations are based primarily on winds and waves in large water bodies and do not provide an optimal fit to waves in small water bodies such as irrigation ponds. Based on wind and wave data collected in an irrigation reservoir near Carlisle, Arkansas, the coefficients in a commonly used equation for wind wave prediction were improved for use in irrigation reservoirs. Details of the development of the new coefficients as well as data collection procedures are presented here. With the new empirical coefficients, the RMS error is 0.01 m for energy-based significant wave height and 0.06 s for peak wave period.
C1 [Ozeren, Y.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Wren, D. G.] ARS, USDA, Natl Semicond Lab, Oxford, MS USA.
RP Wren, DG (reprint author), POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
EM Daniel.Wren@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-NRCS National Water Management Office in Little Rock, Arkansas
FX The authors would like to thank Keith Admire at the USDA-NRCS National
Water Management Office in Little Rock, Arkansas, for supporting this
work. While there, Dennis Carman initiated the work and has continued to
be a valuable resource. M. Altinakar is also recognized for his helpful
comments and criticism. Glenn Gray provided invaluable technical support
for all phases of the work.
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0001-2351
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 4
BP 1213
EP 1221
PG 9
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 494BC
UT WOS:000269783100016
ER
PT J
AU Chianese, DS
Rotz, CA
Richard, TL
AF Chianese, D. S.
Rotz, C. A.
Richard, T. L.
TI SIMULATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FROM DAIRY FARMS TO ASSESS
GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION STRATEGIES
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon dioxide; Dairy farm; Greenhouse gas; Model; Simulation
ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; GENERALIZED-MODEL; MANURE
STORES; N2O; SEQUESTRATION; METHANE; SYSTEMS; CATTLE; FLUX
AB Farming practices can have a large impact on the soil carbon cycle and the resulting net emission of greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide. Primary sources of CO2 emission on dairy farms are soil, plant, and animal respiration, with smaller contributions from microbial respiration in manure. Strategies designed to reduce emissions from one source can cause an increase in emissions from another source. Therefore, a comprehensive whole farm evaluation is needed, which call be cost-effectively met through computer simulation. The Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM), a process-based whole farm model, was extended to simulate the carbon cycle. Relationships were added to represent photosynthetic fixation, soil and plant respiration, animal respiration, and emissions from manure storage and barn floors. The new module was verified to predict the mass of carbon present in soil pools at the end of annual simulations and to predict CO2 emissions within expected emission ranges for both specific sources and overall farm emissions. A faun-level carbon balance was used to further verify that predicted emissions were reasonable across a variety of production strategies. Farm simulations illustrated that changes in cropping practices affected emissions from all farm, sources, with a primary effect on the assimilation of CO2 in feed production. For a representative farm in central Pennsylvania, use of more alfalfa in place of corn production caused a 6% increase in net farm greenhouse gas emission in CO2-equivalent units, while replacing non-permanent grassland with corn production reduced the net emission, by 16%. Changing from a Holstein herd to Jersey animals with animal numbers increased to produce the same amount of milk affected most emission sources, with a net impact of increasing the net greenhouse gas emission by 20%. Incorporation of greenhouse gas emission modules in IFSM provides a more comprehensive tool for evaluating the overall farm-level environmental and economic impacts of management scenarios used to reduce emissions.
C1 [Rotz, C. A.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Chianese, D. S.] ENVIRON Int Corp, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Richard, T. L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Rotz, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM al.rotz@ars.usda.gov
RI Richard, Tom/H-5058-2012
NR 38
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 22
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 2151-0032
EI 2151-0040
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 4
BP 1301
EP 1312
PG 12
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 494BC
UT WOS:000269783100026
ER
PT J
AU Chianese, DS
Rotz, CA
Richard, TL
AF Chianese, D. S.
Rotz, C. A.
Richard, T. L.
TI SIMULATION OF METHANE EMISSIONS FROM DAIRY FARMS TO ASSESS GREENHOUSE
GAS REDUCTION STRATEGIES
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2008
CL Providence, RI
SP Amer Soc Agr & Biol Engineers
DE Dairy farm; Greenhouse gas; Methane; Simulation model
ID NITROUS-OXIDE; EXCRETA DEPOSITION; MECHANISTIC MODEL; GRAZING ANIMALS;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; KINETIC-MODEL; COWS; SLURRY; MANURE; PREDICTION
AB As a sector, agriculture is reported to be the second greatest contributor to atmospheric methane (CH(4)) in the U.S., emitting 31% of the total emission. Primary sources of CH(4) on dairy farms are the animals and manure storage, with smaller contributions front field-applied manure, feces deposited by grazing animals, and manure on. barn floors. The Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM) was expanded to include simulation of CH(4) emissions from all farm sources along with modules predicting other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The new CH(4) module incorporated previously published relationships and experimental data that were consistent with our modeling objectives and the current structure of IFSM. When used to simulate previously reported experiments, the model was found to predict enteric fermentation and slurry manure storage emissions similar to those measured. In simulating a representative 100-cow dairy farm in Pennsylvania, the model predicted a total average annual emission of 21 Mg CH(4). This included annual emissions of 142 kg CH(4) per cow from the Holstein herd and 6.4 kg CH(4) per m(3) of slurry manure in storage, which were consistent with previously summarized emission data. To illustrate the use of the expanded whole farm model, potential CH(4) reduction strategies were evaluated. Farm simulations showed that increasing the production and use of forage (corn silage) in animal diets increased CH(4) emission by 16% with little impact on the global warming potential of the net farm emission of all GHGs. Use of grazing along with high forage diets reduced net farm GHG emission by 16%. Using an enclosed manure storage and burning the captured biogas reduced farm emission of CH(4) by 32% with a 24% reduction in the net farm emission of GHG. Incorporation of GHG emission modules in IFSM provides a tool for estimating whole farm emissions of CH(4) and evaluating proposed reduction strategies along with their impact on net GHG emission and other environmental and economic measures.
C1 [Rotz, C. A.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Chianese, D. S.] ENVIRON Int Corp, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Richard, T. L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Rotz, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM al.rotz@ars.usda.gov
RI Richard, Tom/H-5058-2012
NR 47
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0001-2351
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 4
BP 1313
EP 1323
PG 11
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 494BC
UT WOS:000269783100027
ER
PT J
AU Chianese, DS
Rotz, CA
Richard, TL
AF Chianese, D. S.
Rotz, C. A.
Richard, T. L.
TI SIMULATION OF NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM DAIRY FARMS TO ASSESS
GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION STRATEGIES
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE
LA English
DT Article
DE Dairy farm; Greenhouse gas; Nitrous oxide; Simulation model
ID GENERALIZED-MODEL; N2O; SOILS; DENITRIFICATION; AMMONIA; SYSTEMS; N-2
AB Farming practices can have a large impact on the net emission of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO(2)), methane, and nitrous oxide (N(2)O). The primary sources of N(2)O from dairy farms are nitrification and denitrification processes in soil, with smaller contributions from manure storage and barn floors. Emissions from all greenhouse gas sources are interrelated, so strategies to reduce emissions from one source can affect emissions from another. Therefore, a comprehensive whole farm evaluation is needed, which can be cost-effectively achieved through computer simulation. The Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM), a process-based whole farm model, was extended to simulate sources of N(2)O and other greenhouse gas emissions. A module was added to simulate N(2)O emissions from croplands using relationships from the previously established DAYCENT model, and relationships were incorporated to predict emissions from slurry storage and free-stall barn floors. The new module was found to predict N(2)O emissions consistent with reported values from specific experiments and previously estimated whole farm emissions. The model also predicted sensitivity to soil texture and soil water content similar to experimental data and DAYCENT model predictions, which further verified this most important component of N(2)O emissions. Simulations illustrated the impact of management practices on a representative farm in central Pennsylvania. Reducing the use of inorganic fertilizer by accounting for manure nitrogen (N) reduced N(2)O emission from the farm by 6% and reduced the net farm emission of all greenhouse gases in CO(2)-equivalent units by 1%. Adding a mulch cover crop to corn land reduced N(2)O emission by 34% with a 7% reduction of all greenhouse gases. Use of a top-loaded manure storage tank prevented formation of a surface crust, which eliminated storage N(2)O emission with little effect on net farm emission of all greenhouse gases. This extended whole farm model provides a tool for evaluating proposed N(2)O reduction strategies along with their effects on other greenhouse gas emissions, other N and phosphorus losses, and farm profitability.
C1 [Rotz, C. A.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Chianese, D. S.] ENVIRON Int Corp, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Richard, T. L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Rotz, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM al.rotz@ars.usda.gov
RI Richard, Tom/H-5058-2012
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 22
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0001-2351
J9 T ASABE
JI Trans. ASABE
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 4
BP 1325
EP 1335
PG 11
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 494BC
UT WOS:000269783100028
ER
PT J
AU Loor, RG
Risterucci, AM
Courtois, B
Fouet, O
Jeanneau, M
Rosenquist, E
Amores, F
Vasco, A
Medina, M
Lanaud, C
AF Loor, R. G.
Risterucci, A. M.
Courtois, B.
Fouet, O.
Jeanneau, M.
Rosenquist, E.
Amores, F.
Vasco, A.
Medina, M.
Lanaud, C.
TI Tracing the native ancestors of the modern Theobroma cacao L. population
in Ecuador
SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES
LA English
DT Article
DE Theobroma cacao; Native Nacional; Arriba flavour; Cocoa quality;
Ecuador; SSR
ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; LINKAGE MAP; MARKERS; RFLP; DISTANCE; RAPD
AB The native Theobroma cacao L. population from Ecuador, known as Nacional, is famous for its fine cocoa flavour. From the beginning of the twentieth century, however, it has been subjected to genetic erosion due principally to successive introductions of foreign germplasm whose hybrid descendants gradually replaced the native plantations, implying a decrease in cocoa quality. We attempted to trace this native cacao within a wide pool of modern Ecuadorian cacao population. Three hundred and twenty-two cacao accessions collected from different geographical areas along the pacific coast of Ecuador and maintained in two living collections were analysed using 40 simple-sequence repeat markers. Most of Ecuadorian cacao accessions displayed a high diversity and heterozygosity level. A factorial analysis of correspondence (FAC) showed a continuous variation among them, with a few ones, grouped at an extreme side of the FAC cloud, showing higher levels of homozygosity and lower introgression level by foreign cacaos. A paternity analysis revealed that these highly homozygous individuals are the most probable ancestors of the modern Nacional hybrid pool. These particular accessions studied could represent the native Nacional cacao present in Ecuador before the foreign introductions. Their identification will help to conserve valuable genetic material and to improve cocoa quality in new cacao varieties.
C1 [Loor, R. G.; Risterucci, A. M.; Courtois, B.; Fouet, O.; Jeanneau, M.; Lanaud, C.] CIRAD UMR DAP TA A96 03, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France.
[Loor, R. G.; Amores, F.; Vasco, A.] INIAP EET Pichilingue, Quevedo, Ecuador.
[Rosenquist, E.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Vasco, A.; Medina, M.] UTEQ, Quevedo, Ecuador.
RP Loor, RG (reprint author), CIRAD UMR DAP TA A96 03, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France.
EM gaston.loor@cirad.fr
RI Courtois, Brigitte/A-4004-2009
OI Courtois, Brigitte/0000-0003-2118-7102
FU United States Department of State (US Foreign Ministry); US Embassy,
Quito; US Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS); Centre de Cooperation
International en recherche agronomique pour le developpement (CIRAD),
France; Agricultural Research Center of Ecuador (INIAP)
FX We are grateful to the United States Department of State (US Foreign
Ministry), the US Embassy, Quito; and the US Department of Agriculture
(USDA-ARS) for the financial support of this research. Thanks also
should go to the Centre de Cooperation International en recherche
agronomique pour le developpement (CIRAD), France and the Agricultural
Research Center of Ecuador (INIAP) for their financial and technical
support. We thank Dr Surendra SURUJDEO-MAHARAJ for improving the English
writing of this manuscript.
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 12
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1614-2942
J9 TREE GENET GENOMES
JI Tree Genet. Genomes
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 5
IS 3
BP 421
EP 433
DI 10.1007/s11295-008-0196-3
PG 13
WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture
GA 451RI
UT WOS:000266487200004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, DM
Woodruff, DR
McCulloh, KA
Meinzer, FC
AF Johnson, D. M.
Woodruff, D. R.
McCulloh, K. A.
Meinzer, F. C.
TI Leaf hydraulic conductance, measured in situ, declines and recovers
daily: leaf hydraulics, water potential and stomatal conductance in four
temperate and three tropical tree species
SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cavitation; embolism; photosynthesis; transpiration; xylem
ID NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; XYLEM CAVITATION; TURGOR PRESSURE; LIGHT RESPONSE;
FOREST CANOPY; LEAVES; AQUAPORINS; EMBOLISM; PLANTS; FLOW
AB Adequate leaf hydraulic conductance (K(leaf)) is critical for preventing transpiration-induced desiccation and subsequent stomatal closure that would restrict carbon gain. A few studies have reported midday depression of K(leaf) (or petiole conductivity) and its subsequent recovery in situ, but the extent to which this phenomenon is universal is not known. The objectives of this study were to measure K(leaf), using a rehydration kinetics method, (1) in the laboratory (under controlled conditions) across a range of water potentials to construct vulnerability curves (VC) and (2) over the course of the day in the field along with leaf water potential and stomatal conductance (g(s)). Two broadleaf (one evergreen, Arbutus menziesii Pursh., and one deciduous, Quercus garryana Dougl.) and two coniferous species (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. and Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirbel]) were chosen as representative of different plant types. In addition, K(leaf) in the laboratory and leaf water potential in the field were measured for three tropical evergreen species (Protium panamense (Rose), Tachigalia versicolor Standley and L.O. Williams and Vochysia ferruginea Mart) to predict their daily changes in field K(leaf) in situ. It was hypothesized that in the field, leaves would close their stomata at water potential thresholds at which K(leaf) begins to decline sharply in laboratory-generated VC, thus preventing substantial losses of K(leaf). The temperate species showed a 1566% decline in K(leaf) by midday, before stomatal closure. Although there were substantial midday declines in K(leaf), recovery was nearly complete by late afternoon. Stomatal conductance began to decrease in Pseudotsuga, Pinus and Quercus once K(leaf) began to decline; however, there was no detectable reduction in g(s) in Arbutus. Predicted K(leaf) in the tropical species, based on laboratory-generated VC, decreased by 74% of maximum K(leaf) in Tachigalia, but only 2232% in Vochysia and Protium. The results presented here, from the previous work of the authors and from other published studies, were consistent with two different strategies regarding daily maintenance of K(leaf): (1) substantial loss and subsequent recovery or (2) a more conservative strategy of loss avoidance.
C1 [Johnson, D. M.; Woodruff, D. R.; Meinzer, F. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[McCulloh, K. A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Johnson, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM danieljohnson@fs.fed.us
RI Johnson, Daniel/E-6789-2011; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012
OI Johnson, Daniel/0000-0001-5890-3147;
FU NSF [IOB-0544470]
FX This research was supported in part by NSF Grant IOB-0544470. The
authors would like to thank Logan Barnart, Amaranta Valenzuela,
Jean-Christophe Domec, Paula Campanello and GenovevaGatti for their
helpful assistancewith. eld data collection. The authors are also
grateful to Dr. Barbara Lachenbruch and the AvH plant biology group for
critical discussion of ideas.
NR 52
TC 71
Z9 75
U1 3
U2 42
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0829-318X
J9 TREE PHYSIOL
JI Tree Physiol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 29
IS 7
BP 879
EP 887
DI 10.1093/treephys/tpp031
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 460YC
UT WOS:000267227900003
PM 19429900
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, N
Boyle, B
Duval, I
Ferrer, JL
Lin, H
Seguin, A
Mackay, J
Chen, F
AF Zhao, Nan
Boyle, Brian
Duval, Isabelle
Ferrer, Jean-Luc
Lin, Hong
Seguin, Armand
Mackay, John
Chen, Feng
TI SABATH methyltransferases from white spruce (Picea glauca): gene
cloning, functional characterization and structural analysis
SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE gene expression; high-throughput enzyme assay; indole-3-acetic acid;
somatic embryogenesis
ID ACID CARBOXYL METHYLTRANSFERASE; CAFFEINE SYNTHASE GENE;
ADENOSYL-L-METHIONINE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SOMATIC EMBRYOS;
INDOLE-3-ACETIC-ACID METHYLTRANSFERASE; WOOD FORMATION; PLANT-GROWTH;
HYBRID ASPEN; BIOSYNTHESIS
AB Known members of the plant SABATH family of methyltransferases have important biological functions by methylating hormones, signalling molecules and other metabolites. While all previously characterized SABATH genes were isolated from angiosperms, in this article, we report on the isolation and functional characterization of SABATH genes from white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss), a gymnosperm. Through EST database search, three genes that encode proteins significantly homologous to known SABATH proteins were identified from white spruce. They were named PgSABATH1, PgSABATH2 and PgSABATH3, respectively. Full length cDNAs of these three genes were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The E. coli-expressed recombinant proteins were tested for methyltransferase activity with a large number of compounds. While no activity was detected for PgSABATH2 and PgSABATH3, PgSABATH1 displayed the highest level of catalytic activity with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). PgSABATH1 was, therefore, renamed PgIAMT1. Under steady-state conditions, PgIAMT1 exhibited apparent K-m values of 18.2M for IAA. Homology-based structural modelling of PgIAMT1 revealed that the active site of PgIAMT1 is highly similar to other characterized IAMTs from angiosperms. PgIAMT1 showed expression in multiple tissues, with the highest level of expression detected in embryonic tissues. During somatic embryo maturation, a significant reduction in PgIAMT1 transcript levels was observed when developing cotyledons become apparent which is indicative of mature embryos. The biological roles of white spruce SABATH genes, especially those of PgIAMT1, and the evolution of the SABATH family are discussed.
C1 [Zhao, Nan; Chen, Feng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Boyle, Brian; Mackay, John] Univ Laval, Ctr Etud Foret, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Duval, Isabelle; Seguin, Armand] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada.
[Ferrer, Jean-Luc] Univ Grenoble 1, Inst Biol Struct, CEA, CNRS, F-38027 Grenoble 1, France.
[Lin, Hong] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
RP Chen, F (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM fengc@utk.edu
RI MacKay, John/M-6978-2014
OI MacKay, John/0000-0002-4883-195X
FU University of Tennessee; genome Canada and genome Quebec
FX This work was partly supported by startup research funds from the
University of Tennessee (to F. C.) and genome Canada and genome Quebec
grants for the Arborea project (to A. S. and J.M.). The authors would
like to thank C. Levasseur, C. Jones and K. Klimaszewska from the
Canadian Forest Service for the help with embryonal tissue culture and
F. Bedon and C. Bomal for sharing stressed P. glauca material.
NR 41
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0829-318X
EI 1758-4469
J9 TREE PHYSIOL
JI Tree Physiol.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 29
IS 7
BP 947
EP 957
DI 10.1093/treephys/tpp023
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 460YC
UT WOS:000267227900010
PM 19369216
ER
PT J
AU Kapil, S
Yeary, T
Evermann, JF
AF Kapil, Sanjay
Yeary, Teresa
Evermann, James F.
TI Viral Diseases of New World Camelids
SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alpaca; Camelid; Diagnostics; Infection; Llama; Virus
ID BLUETONGUE VIRUS-INFECTION; GUANACOS LAMA-GUANICOE; DIARRHEA-VIRUS;
MOUTH-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; PERSISTENT
INFECTION; NEONATAL DIARRHEA; GENOME SEQUENCE; VICUGNA-PACOS
AB The increased popularity and population of New World camelids in the United States requires the development of a broader base of knowledge of the health and disease parameters for these animals by the veterinary livestock practitioner. Although our knowledge regarding infectious diseases of camelids has increased greatly over the past decade, the practice of camelid medicine is a relatively new field in North America, so it is important to seek out seasoned colleagues and diagnostic laboratories that are involved in camelid health treatment and diagnosis.
C1 [Kapil, Sanjay] Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Yeary, Teresa] Vet Serv Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, USDA, Ames, IA USA.
[Evermann, James F.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Kapil, S (reprint author), Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Farm & Ridge Rd, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM sanjay.kapil@okstate.edu
NR 58
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0749-0720
J9 VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A
JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Food Anim. Pract.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 25
IS 2
BP 323
EP +
DI 10.1016/j.cvfa.2009.03.005
PG 16
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 460SX
UT WOS:000267208600007
PM 19460643
ER
PT J
AU Hu, XJ
Meacham, T
Ewing, L
Gray, SM
Karasev, AV
AF Hu, Xiaojun
Meacham, Teresa
Ewing, Lorie
Gray, Stewart M.
Karasev, Alexander V.
TI A novel recombinant strain of Potato virus Y suggests a new viral
genetic determinant of vein necrosis in tobacco
SO VIRUS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Potato virus Y; Tobacco vein necrosis; Virus genetic determinant
ID TUBER NECROTIC RINGSPOT; HELPER COMPONENT-PROTEINASE; LONG-DISTANCE
MOVEMENT; HC-PRO; ETCH POTYVIRUS; GENOME AMPLIFICATION; APHID
TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES; HOST-RANGE; PVYN
AB A novel Potato virus Y (PVY) isolate, L26, recovered from a Frontier potato line was initially typed as a PVY(NTN) strain using multiplex RT-PCR and serological assays. However, L26 induced mosaic and mild vein clearing symptoms in tobacco rather than vein necrosis characteristic of the PVY 11 strain. The whole genome sequence was determined for L26 and two other PVY(NTN) isolates, HR1 and N4, from Idaho that did induce vein necrosis in tobacco. The sequence of all three isolates was similar to typical European PVY(NTN) isolates that contain three recombination junctions in their genome. The sequence of the L26genome was nearly identical to the genomes HR1, N4, and to a previously characterized PVY(NTN) isolate, 423-3, differing by only five nucleotides in the entire ca. 9.7-kb genome, only one resulting in a corresponding amino acid change, D-205 to G-205 in the central region of HC-Pro. Two "signature" amino acid residues, thought involved in induction of the vein necrosis syndrome in tobacco, K-400 and E-419, were present in the C-terminal region of HC-Pro of all three isolates. Multiple alignment of the whole genome sequences of L26 and other PVY(NTN) isolates whose phenotype in tobacco has been reported, suggests that a single nucleotide change (A-1,627 to G-1,627) resulting in the single amino acid change (D-205 to G-205) in the HC-Pro cistron of L26 correlates with the loss of the vein necrosis phenotype in tobacco. Secondary structure modeling of the HC-Pro protein predicts the G-205 residue, and the previously identified residues K-400 and E-419, would all be located on the exposed surface of the protein. Taken together, these data suggest that the vein necrosis genetic determinant of PVY in tobacco is complex and includes other element(s), in addition to the C-terminal fragment of HC-Pro. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hu, Xiaojun; Meacham, Teresa; Ewing, Lorie; Karasev, Alexander V.] Univ Idaho, Dept PSES, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Karasev, AV (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept PSES, POB 442339, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM akarasev@uidaho.edu
RI Hu, Xiaojun/C-2608-2011
FU USDA-CSREES-NRICGP [2009-35600-05025]; USDA-ARS [58-1907-8-870]
FX We would like to thank Emmanuel Jacquot and Camille Kerlan for many
helpful discussions. This work was funded in part by USDA-CSREES-NRICGP
(2009-35600-05025), the USDA-ARS Cooperative Agreement 58-1907-8-870,
Idaho Potato Commission, and the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station.
NR 50
TC 49
Z9 55
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1702
J9 VIRUS RES
JI Virus Res.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 143
IS 1
BP 68
EP 76
DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.03.008
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 457QW
UT WOS:000266948200009
PM 19463723
ER
PT J
AU Kroger, R
Moore, MT
Cooper, CM
Holland, MM
AF Kroeger, R.
Moore, M. T.
Cooper, C. M.
Holland, M. M.
TI Diazinon Accumulation and Dissipation in Oryza sativa L. Following
Simulated Agricultural Runoff Amendment in Flooded Rice Paddies
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Pesticide; Diazinon; Rice; Stormwater; Mitigation
ID STORMWATER RUNOFF; CALIFORNIA USA; AQUATIC PLANTS; RIVER-BASIN; SOIL;
PESTICIDES; FATE; IRRIGATION; MANAGEMENT; TRANSPORT
AB Flooded post-harvest rice paddies were examined as systems for reducing diazinon (organophosphate insecticide) concentrations in stormwater runoff. Two paddies were cultivated in Oryza sativa L. and amended with a 3-h simulated stormwater diazinon runoff event. Initial diazinon adsorption peaked at 347 and 571 mu g kg(-1) (3% mass load reduction) for mean above-ground plant tissue concentrations in each pond, respectively. Subsequent senescence of above-ground tissue showed significant decreases in tissue mass (r(2)=0.985) and adsorbed diazinon mass (90+/-4% and 82+/-1%) within 1 month of amendment. There were no corollary increases in water column diazinon concentrations. Furthermore, control O. sativa tissue placed within the treatment ponds had below-detectable levels of diazinon throughout the decomposition phase, suggesting a lack of within pond transference of dissipated diazinon. This study shows the relative effectiveness of diazinon adsorption by post-harvest rice plants and a potential mitigation strategy of senescence and pesticide degradation for contaminated tailwater.
C1 [Kroeger, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Moore, M. T.; Cooper, C. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
[Holland, M. M.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA.
RP Kroger, R (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, POB 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM rkroger@cfr.msstate.edu
FU USDA-ARS; University of Mississippi [58-6408-1-095]
FX Financial support was gratefully received through the cooperative
agreement between the USDA-ARS and the University of Mississippi, No.
58-6408-1-095. Thanks go to the staff of the Water Quality and Ecology
Research Unit at the USDA-ARS (Sam Testa, Charlie Bryant, Tim Sullivan,
Calvin Vick, John Massey, and Terry Welch) for field help and especially
to Lisa Brooks and Sammie Smith Jr. for sample preparation and analyses.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 201
IS 1-4
BP 209
EP 218
DI 10.1007/s11270-008-9938-y
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA 457LD
UT WOS:000266928600018
ER
PT J
AU Shivrain, VK
Burgos, NR
Sales, MA
Mauromoustakos, A
Gealy, DR
Smith, KL
Black, HL
Jia, M
AF Shivrain, Vinod K.
Burgos, Nilda R.
Sales, Marites A.
Mauromoustakos, Andy
Gealy, David R.
Smith, Kenneth L.
Black, Howard L.
Jia, Melissa
TI Factors Affecting the Outcrossing Rate between Clearfield (TM) Rice and
Red Rice (Oryza sativa)
SO WEED SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Acetolactate synthase (ALS); biosafety; flowering synchrony; gene flow;
herbicide-resistance; imazethapyr-resistant rice; pollen flow; relative
humidity
ID HERBICIDE-RESISTANT RICE; GENE FLOW; CULTIVATED RICE; WEED; TEMPERATURE;
HYBRIDS; POPULATIONS; STERILITY; DORMANCY; FITNESS
AB The commercialization of imazethapyr-resistant (Clearfield (TM), CL) rice in the southern United States has raised serious concerns about gene flow to red rice, producing imazethapyr-resistant red rice Populations. Our objectives were to determine the impact of planting date, CL cultivars, and red rice biotypes on outcrossing rate; and to investigate the relative contribution of flowering time of CL rice and red rice biotypes, together with air temperature and relative humidity (RH), on outcrossing rate. Field experiments were conducted at Stuttgart, Rohwer, and Kibler, AR, from 2005 to 2007, at three or four planting times from mid-April to late May. 'CL161' (inbred cultivar) and 'CLXL8' (hybrid) rice were planted in nine-row plots, with red rice planted in the middle row. Twelve red rice biotypes were used. The flowering of red rice and CL rice, air temperature, and RH were recorded. Red rice seeds were collected at maturity. To estimate outcrossing rate, resistance to imazethapyr was evaluated in subsequent years and confirmed using rice microsatellite markers. CLXL8 rice flowered 2 to 4 d earlier than CL161 rice, and flowering was completed within 1 wk in all plantings. The flowering duration of most red rice biotypes ranged from 4 to 17 d. Flowering synchrony of red rice biotypes and CL rice ranged from 0 to 100% at different plantings. In general, CLXL8 had greater flowering overlap and higher outcrossing rate with red rice than did CL161 rice. The outcrossing rate of red rice biotypes ranged from 0 to 0.21% and 0 to 1.26% with CL 161 and CLXL8 rice, respectively. The outcrossing rate differed within each planting date (P < 0.05). Outcrossing was generally lower in mid-May and late May than in mid-April and late April planting times. Flowering synchrony and outcrossing rate were not correlated (r(2) < 0.01). Outcrossing with CL161 was primarily influenced by red rice biotype. A minimum air temperature of > 24 C in the evening also favors outcrossing with CL161. With CLXL8 rice, outcrossing was most affected by RH. When RH was < 54%, outcrossing was less (0.12%) than when RH was >= 54% (0.38%). With CLXL8 rice, a minimum RH of >= 54%, from mid-morning to noon, increased outcrossing with red rice. To fully understand the interaction effects of these factors on outcrossing with red rice, controlled experiments are needed.
C1 [Burgos, Nilda R.; Mauromoustakos, Andy] Univ Arkansas, Agr Stat Lab, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Gealy, David R.; Black, Howard L.; Jia, Melissa] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
[Smith, Kenneth L.] Univ Arkansas, Cooperat Extens Serv, Monticello, AR 71656 USA.
RP Burgos, NR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Agr Stat Lab, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM nburgos@uark.edu
NR 37
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 18
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0043-1745
J9 WEED SCI
JI Weed Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 4
BP 394
EP 403
DI 10.1614/WS-09-003.1
PG 10
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 475IC
UT WOS:000268350800006
ER
PT J
AU Sosnoskie, LM
Webster, TM
Dales, D
Rains, GC
Grey, TL
Culpepper, AS
AF Sosnoskie, L. M.
Webster, T. M.
Dales, D.
Rains, G. C.
Grey, T. L.
Culpepper, A. S.
TI Pollen Grain Size, Density, and Settling Velocity for Palmer Amaranth
(Amaranthus palmeri)
SO WEED SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Gene flow; herbicide resistance; pollen movement
ID HERBICIDE-RESISTANCE; GENE FLOW; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; WIND
POLLINATION; SUGAR-BEET; GLYPHOSATE; FIELD; INTERFERENCE; COTTON;
TUBERCULATUS
AB Palmer amaranth is resistant to several herbicides, including glyphosate, and there is concern that the resistance traits can be transferred between spatially segregated populations via pollen movement. The objective of this study was to describe the physical properties of Palmer amaranth pollen, specifically size, density, and settling velocity (V(s)), that influence pollen flight. The mean diameter for Palmer amaranth pollen, as determined by light microscopy, was 31 mu m (range of 21 to 38 mu m); mean pollen diameter as measured with the use of an electronic particle sizer was 27 mu m (range of 21 to 35 mu m). The mean density of the solid portion of the pollen grain was 1,435 kg m(-3). Accounting for the density of the aqueous fraction, the mean density of a fully hydrated pollen grain was 1,218 kg m(-3). By Stokes's law, the estimated mean theoretical V(s) for individual Palmer amaranth pollen grains was 3.4 cm s(-1) for the range of pollen diameters with a mean of 31 mu m and 2.6 cm s(-1) for the range of pollen diameters with a mean of 27 mu m. Results from laboratory studies indicated the majority of single pollen grains settled at a rate of 5.0 cm s(-1). The difference between the theoretical and empirical estimates of V(s) was likely due to changes in pollen density and shape postanthesis, which are not accounted for using Stokes's law, as well as the presence pollen clusters.
C1 [Sosnoskie, L. M.; Grey, T. L.; Culpepper, A. S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA USA.
[Webster, T. M.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Dales, D.; Rains, G. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
RP Sosnoskie, LM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA USA.
EM lynnsos@uga.edu
RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009; Sosnoskie, Lynn/A-8854-2014
OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059; Sosnoskie,
Lynn/0000-0002-1892-7934
FU Georgia Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated
FX The authors would like to thank Duncan McClusky for his assistance with
the literature search and Caleb Latham for his help with pollen
collection. This research was funded in part by grants from the Georgia
Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated.
NR 56
TC 15
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 7
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0043-1745
J9 WEED SCI
JI Weed Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 4
BP 404
EP 409
DI 10.1614/WS-08-157.1
PG 6
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 475IC
UT WOS:000268350800007
ER
PT J
AU Krutz, LJ
Burke, IC
Reddy, KN
Zablotowicz, RM
Price, AJ
AF Krutz, L. Jason
Burke, Ian C.
Reddy, Krishna N.
Zablotowicz, Robert M.
Price, Andrew J.
TI Enhanced Atrazine Degradation: Evidence for Reduced Residual Weed
Control and a Method for Identifying Adapted Soils and Predicting
Herbicide Persistence
SO WEED SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Simazine; cross-adaptation; persistence model; half-life
ID SP STRAIN ADP; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT CORN; S-TRIAZINE HERBICIDE;
PSEUDOMONAS SP; ALLOPHANATE HYDROLASE; FIELD CONDITIONS; ACCELERATED
DEGRADATION; LOAM SOIL; MINERALIZATION; DISSIPATION
AB Soilborne bacteria with novel metabolic abilities have been linked with enhanced atrazine degradation and complaints of reduced residual weed control in soils with all s-triazine use history. However, no field study has verified that enhanced degradation reduces atrazine's residual weed control. The objectives of this study were to (1) compare atrazine persistence and prickly sida density in s-triazine-adapted and nonadapted Field sites at two planting dates; (2) utilize original and published data to construct a diagnostic test for identifying s-triazine-adapted soils; and (3) develop and validate an s-triazine persistence model based oil data generated from the diagnostic test, i.e., mineralization of ring-labeled (14)C-s-triazine. Atrazine half-life values in s-triazine-adapted soil were at least 1.4-fold lower than nonadapted soil and 5-fold lower than historic estimates (60 d). At both planting dates atrazine reduced prickly sida density in the nonadapted soils (P <= 0.0091). Conversely, in the s-triazine-adapted soil, prickly sida density was not different between no atrazine PRE and atrazine PRE at the March 15 planting date (P = 0.1397). A lack of significance in this contrast signifies that enhanced degradation call reduce atrazine's residual control of sensitive weed species. Analyses Of published data indicate that Cumulative mineralization in excess of 50% of C(0) after 30 d of incubation is diagnostic for enhanced s-triazine degradation. An s-triazine persistence model was developed and validated; model predictions for atrazine persistence under field conditions were within the 95% confidence intervals of observed values. Results indicate that enhanced atrazine degradation call decrease the herbicide's persistence and residual activity; however, coupling the diagnostic test with the persistence model could enable weed scientists to identify s-triazine-adapted soils, predict herbicide
C1 [Krutz, L. Jason; Reddy, Krishna N.; Zablotowicz, Robert M.] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Burke, Ian C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Price, Andrew J.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA.
RP Krutz, LJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM jason.krutz@ars.usda.gov
OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998
NR 53
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 15
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0043-1745
J9 WEED SCI
JI Weed Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 4
BP 427
EP 434
DI 10.1614/WS-09-010.1
PG 8
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 475IC
UT WOS:000268350800010
ER
PT J
AU Davis, AS
Hall, JC
Jasieniuk, M
Locke, MA
Luschei, EC
Mortensen, DA
Riechers, DE
Smith, RG
Sterling, TM
Westwood, JH
AF Davis, Adam S.
Hall, J. Christopher
Jasieniuk, Marie
Locke, Martin A.
Luschei, Edward C.
Mortensen, David A.
Riechers, Dean E.
Smith, Richard G.
Sterling, Tracy M.
Westwood, James H.
TI Weed Science Research and Funding: A Call to Action
SO WEED SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS; ECOLOGY; FUTURE
AB Weed science has contributed much to agriculture, forestry and natural resource management during its history. However, if it is to remain relevant as a scientific discipline, it is long past time for weed scientists to move beyond a dominating focus on herbicide efficacy resting and address the basic science underlying complex issues in vegetation management at many levels of biological organization currently being solved by others, such as invasion ecologists and molecular biologists. Weed science must not be circumscribed by a narrowly-defined set of tools but rather be seen as an integrating discipline. As a means of assessing current and future research interests and funding trends among weed scientists, the Weed Science Society of America conducted an online survey of its members in summer of 2007. There were 304 respondents out of a membership of 1330 at the time of the Survey, a response rate of 23%. The largest group of respondents (41%) reported working on research problems primarily focused on herbicide efficacy and maintenance, funded mainly by private industry sources. Another smaller group of respondents (22%) reported focusing on research topics with a complex systems focus (such as invasion biology, ecosystem restoration, ecological weed management, and the genetics, molecular biology, and physiology of weedy traits), funded primarily by public sources. Increased cooperation between these complementary groups of scientists will be an essential step in making weed science increasingly relevant to the complex vegetation management issues of the 21st century.
C1 [Davis, Adam S.] USDA ARS, Invas Weed Management Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Hall, J. Christopher] Univ Guelph, Dept Environm Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Jasieniuk, Marie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Vegetable Crops, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Locke, Martin A.] USDA ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
[Luschei, Edward C.] Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Mortensen, David A.; Smith, Richard G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Riechers, Dean E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Sterling, Tracy M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Westwood, James H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Davis, AS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Weed Management Unit, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM asdavis1@illinois.edu
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 20
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0043-1745
J9 WEED SCI
JI Weed Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 4
BP 442
EP 448
DI 10.1614/WS-09-020.1
PG 7
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 475IC
UT WOS:000268350800012
ER
PT J
AU Reddy, KN
Bryson, CT
AF Reddy, Krishna N.
Bryson, Charles T.
TI In-Crop and Autumn-Applied Glyphosate Reduced Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus
rotundus) Density in No-Till Glyphosate-Resistant Corn and Soybean
SO WEED TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Conservation tillage; transgenic crop; weed density; weed management
ID GLYCINE-MAX; ESCULENTUS; YELLOW; TRANSLOCATION; ABSORPTION; HERBICIDES;
COTTON; WEEDS
AB A 3-yr field study was conducted from 2005 to 2007 at Stoneville, MS, to determine efficacy of in-crop and autumn-applied glyphosate on purple nutsedge density and yield of no-till glyphosate-resistant (GR) corn and GR soybean. Separate experiments were conducted in GR corn and GR soybean in areas maintained under a no-tillage system after the autumn of 2004. Each experiment was conducted in a split-plot arrangement of treatments in a randomized complete-block design with and without autumn application of glyphosate at 1.68 kg ae/ha as main plots and in-crop herbicide application (glyphosate- and nonglyphosate-based programs) as subplots with three replications. In GR corn, glyphosate applied in the autumn reduced purple nutsedge density by 40 to 67% compared with no glyphosate during 3 yr. In GR corn, glyphosate applied in-crop reduced purple nutsedge shoot density by 48% in 2005, 92% in 2006, and 100% in 2007 compared with no herbicide. However, GR corn yields were unaffected by either in-crop or autumn-applied glyphosate. In GR soybean, glyphosate applied in the autumn reduced purple nutsedge shoot density by 64 to 83% compared with no glyphosate during 3 yr. Glyphosate applied in-crop in GR soybean reduced purple nutsedge density by 81% in 2005 and by 100% in 2006 and 2007 compared with no herbicide. GR soybean yields were similar in 2005, but yields were 34 and 18% higher in 2006 and 2007, respectively, with autumn-applied glyphosate compared with no glyphosate. GR soybean yields were higher with glyphosate applied in-crop compared with no herbicide in 2 of 3 yr. These results indicate that purple nutsedge density could be reduced with glyphosate applied in-crop in no-till GR corn and GR soybean. In addition, autumn-applied glyphosate was effective in reducing purple nutsedge populations following harvest of crops and could be an effective purple nutsedge management strategy regardless of GR trait.
C1 [Reddy, Krishna N.; Bryson, Charles T.] Agr Res Serv, So Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Reddy, KN (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, So Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM krishna.reddy@ars.usda.gov
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 4
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0890-037X
J9 WEED TECHNOL
JI Weed Technol.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 3
BP 384
EP 390
DI 10.1614/WT-09-016.1
PG 7
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 496XZ
UT WOS:000270015000009
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, RL
AF Anderson, Randy L.
TI A 2-Year Small Grain Interval Reduces Need for Herbicides in No-Till
Soybean
SO WEED TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alternative weed control; cool-season crops; corn; cover crops; cultural
weed management; no-till; residue management
ID WEED MANAGEMENT; PEST-MANAGEMENT; GREAT-PLAINS; COVER CROPS;
AGRICULTURE; SYSTEMS; CORN; CHALLENGES; FUTURE; YIELD
AB This study measured weed interference in soybean and corn as affected by residue management tactics following a sequence of oat and winter wheat. Residue management tactics compared were conventional tillage, no-till, and no-till plus cover crops. Treatments were split into weed-free and weed-infested conditions; prominent weeds were green and yellow foxtail and common lambsquarters. Grain yield of soybean did not differ between weed-free and weed-infested conditions with no-till, whereas weeds reduced yield 25% in the tilled system. Corn responded inconsistently to treatments, with more than 40% yield loss due to weed interference in 1 yr with all treatments. Cover crops did not improve weed management compared with no-till in either crop. Seedling emergence of the weed community differed between tillage and no-till; density of weed seedlings was fivefold higher with tillage, whereas seedling emergence was delayed in no-till. The initial flush of seedlings occurred 2 to 3 wk later in no-till compared with the tilled system. Designing rotations to include cool-season crops in a no-till system may eliminate the need for herbicides in soybean to manage weeds.
C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
RP Anderson, RL (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
EM randy.anderson@ars.usda.gov
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0890-037X
EI 1550-2740
J9 WEED TECHNOL
JI Weed Technol.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 3
BP 398
EP 403
DI 10.1614/WT-09-030.1
PG 6
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 496XZ
UT WOS:000270015000011
ER
PT J
AU Culpepper, AS
Grey, TL
Webster, TM
AF Culpepper, A. Stanley
Grey, Timothy L.
Webster, Theodore M.
TI Vegetable Response to Herbicides Applied to Low-Density Polyethylene
Mulch Prior to Transplant
SO WEED TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Crop injury; crop tolerance; herbicide removal from plastic mulch;
methyl bromide alternatives
ID METHYL-BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES; PHOTODEGRADATION; SQUASH
AB Few herbicides are available for weed control in vegetable production systems using low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic mulch. With the elimination of methyl bromide for pest management and subsequent use of various alternative fumigants, the need for herbicides in vegetable production systems has increased. An experiment was conducted to evaluate tolerance of transplant summer squash and tomato to carfentrazone, flumioxazin, glyphosate, halosulfuron, or paraquat applied to the mulch prior to transplanting. After applying herbicides overtop of the mulch but prior to vegetable transplant, the mulch was either irrigated with 1.0 cm of water or not irrigated. Carfentrazone did not affect either crop regardless of irrigation. Irrigation readily removed glyphosate and paraquat from the mulch, as there was no adverse crop injury in these treatments. In the absence of irrigation, glyphosate and paraquat reduced squash diameter and tomato heights 18 to 34% at 3 wk after transplanting (WAT). Squash and tomato fruit numbers and fruit biomass (yield) were reduced 17 to 37%, and 25 to 33%, respectively. Halosulfuron reduced squash diameter and yield 71 to 74% and tomato heights and yields 16 to 37% when mulch was not irrigated prior to transplanting. After irrigating, halosulfuron had no affect on tomato, but reduced squash growth and yield 40 to 44%. Flumioxazin killed both crops when the mulch was not irrigated; and reduced squash yield 56% when irrigated. With irrigation, flumioxazin did not impact tomato fruit number, but did reduce tomato weight by 25%. These Studies demonstrate the safety of carfentrazone, applied on mulch prior to transplanting either squash or tomato, regardless of irrigation, and also demonstrate the safety of glyphosate and paraquat if irrigated prior to transplanting. Conversely, flumioxazin should not be applied over mulch before transplanting either crop, regardless of irrigation. Halosulfuron application over mulch should be avoided before transplanting squash, regardless of irrigation, but can be applied prior to transplanting tomato if irrigated.
C1 [Culpepper, A. Stanley; Grey, Timothy L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Webster, Theodore M.] ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
RP Culpepper, AS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
EM stanley@uga.edu
RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009
OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0890-037X
J9 WEED TECHNOL
JI Weed Technol.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 3
BP 444
EP 449
DI 10.1614/WT-08-135.1
PG 6
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 496XZ
UT WOS:000270015000019
ER
PT J
AU Wehtje, G
Atland, JE
Gilliam, CH
Marble, SC
Van Hoogmoed, AJ
Fain, GB
AF Wehtje, Glenn
Atland, James E.
Gilliam, Charles H.
Marble, Stephen C.
Van Hoogmoed, Albert J.
Fain, Glenn B.
TI Weed Growth and Efficacy of PRE-Applied Herbicides in Alternative
Rooting Substrates Used in Container-Grown Nursery Crops
SO WEED TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Clean chip residual; ornamental plant production; pine bark; soilless
growth media; southern pine forestry
ID PINE TREE SUBSTRATE
AB Container-grown nursery crops in the southeastern United States are typically grown in a rooting Substrate comprised primarily of the ground bark of pine trees. However, pine bark is becoming less available and more costly because Of changes in production and marketing practices within Southeastern pine forestry. This shortage has resulted in the economic incentive to seek pine bark alternatives. Two possible alternatives are clean chip residual and whole tree. These alternatives are like pine bark, because both are products Of Southern pine forestry. Unlike pine bark, which is a single part of the tree, these alternatives contain all parts of the tree, including wood and foliage in various portions. Registration of preemergence-active herbicides has been based solely upon data obtained from pine bark-based nursery production. Research was conducted to determine if the control of (1) large crabgrass with prodiamine, (2) eclipta with flumioxazin, and (3) spotted spurge with isoxaben would be comparable in these alternatives to what has been established in pine bark. Seed germination of all three weed species in no-herbicide controls was approximately 10% and equivalent between pine bark and the alternatives. Foliage fresh weight production of large crabgrass and spotted spurge was less in the alternatives compared to pine bark; eclipta was not affected. For all three weed species-herbicide combinations, weed control was nearly identical between pine bark and the alternative Substrates, provided the herbicide had been applied at its registered rate. For all three herbicides, rates that are effective in pine bark Substrates will be equally effective in the pine bark alternatives.
C1 [Wehtje, Glenn; Gilliam, Charles H.; Marble, Stephen C.; Van Hoogmoed, Albert J.; Fain, Glenn B.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Atland, James E.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
RP Wehtje, G (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM wehtjgr@auburn.edu
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0890-037X
J9 WEED TECHNOL
JI Weed Technol.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 3
BP 455
EP 459
DI 10.1614/WT-09-011.1
PG 5
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 496XZ
UT WOS:000270015000021
ER
PT J
AU Andersen, HE
Clarkin, T
Winterberger, K
Strunk, J
AF Andersen, Hans-Erik
Clarkin, Tobey
Winterberger, Ken
Strunk, Jacob
TI An Accuracy Assessment of Positions Obtained Using Survey- and
Recreational-Grade Global Positioning System Receivers across a Range of
Forest Conditions within the Tanana Valley of Interior Alaska
SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE GPS; accuracy; measurements; inventory
ID GPS ACCURACY; PERFORMANCE; CANOPY
AB The accuracy of recreational- and survey-grade global positioning system (GPS) receivers was evaluated across a range of forest conditions in the Tanana Valley of interior Alaska. High-accuracy check points, established using high-order instruments and closed-traverse surveying methods, were then used to evaluate the accuracy of positions acquired in different forest types using a recreational-grade GPS unit and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS)-enabled survey-grade unit, over a range of acquisition and postprocessing alternatives, including distance to base station, or baseline length (0-10, 10-50, 50-100, and >100 km), use of Russian GLONASS satellites, and occupation times (5, 10, and 20 minutes). The accuracy of recreational-grade GPS was 3-7 m across all sites. For survey-grade units, accuracies were influenced by forest type and baseline length, with lower errors observed with more open stands and shorter baseline lengths. The use of GLONASS satellites improved positions by a small but appreciable amount, and longer observation times (20 minutes) resulted in more reliably accurate positions across all sites. In general, these results indicate that if forest inventory plots in interior Alaska and other high-latitude regions of the world are occupied for 20 minutes with survey-grade instruments, positions with submeter error can be consistently obtained across a wide range of conditions.
C1 [Andersen, Hans-Erik; Winterberger, Ken] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage Forestry Sci Lab, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Clarkin, Tobey; Strunk, Jacob] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Andersen, HE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage Forestry Sci Lab, 3301 C St,Suite 200, Anchorage, AK USA.
NR 21
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 5
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0885-6095
J9 WEST J APPL FOR
JI West. J. Appl. For.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 3
BP 128
EP 136
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 512DA
UT WOS:000271222400003
ER
PT J
AU Hennon, PE
McClellan, MH
Spores, SR
Orlikowska, EH
AF Hennon, Paul E.
McClellan, Michael H.
Spores, Sheila R.
Orlikowska, Ewa H.
TI Survival and Growth of Planted Yellow-Cedar Seedlings and Rooted
Cuttings (Stecklings) near Ketchikan, Alaska
SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska-cedar; Chamaecyparis nootkatensis; artificial regeneration;
browsing
ID CHAMAECYPARIS-NOOTKATENSIS STECKLINGS; FREEZING TOLERANCE; GAS-EXCHANGE;
CUPRESSACEAE; TREES; PHOTOPERIOD; HARDINESS; DYNAMICS; DECLINE; FOREST
AB The survival and growth of yellow-cedor (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) seedlings and rooted cuttings (stecklings) were monitored for 6 years after planting of three sites near Ketchikan in southeast Alaska to determine whether stecklings could serve as a suitable planting stock. Survival for both seedlings and stecklings was >85% at the three sites. Survival, final diameter, and final height differed by site but not by the use or absence of Vexar as protection from browsing by Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis). Vexar produced a lower rate of browsing but contributed to form problems (especially leaving trees leaning and prostrate on the ground). Seedlings had significantly greater diameters than stecklings even though they experienced a higher rate of browsing at one site. Differences in diameter and height likely were due to genetic variation rather than seedling or steckling stock type. Stecklings appear to be a suitable source of planting stock; when used for large-scale reforestation efforts, genetic considerations are essential. Planting recommendations for maximizing yellow-cedar establishment during regeneration are given.
C1 [Hennon, Paul E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forest Hlth Protect & Forestry Sci Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[McClellan, Michael H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Spores, Sheila R.] US Forest Serv, Tongass Natl Forest, Ketchikan, AK 99901 USA.
RP Hennon, PE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forest Hlth Protect & Forestry Sci Lab, 2770 Sherwood Lane 2A, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0885-6095
J9 WEST J APPL FOR
JI West. J. Appl. For.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 3
BP 144
EP 150
PG 7
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 512DA
UT WOS:000271222400005
ER
PT J
AU Lindsay, A
Oester, P
Cole, E
AF Lindsay, Amanda
Oester, Paul
Cole, Elizabeth
TI Twenty-Year Response of Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) to
Treatment with Hexazinone in Northeastern Oregon
SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE broadcast application; spot application; herbicide; silviculture; site
preparation
ID INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; NORTHERN CONIFERS; CRITICAL PERIOD; GROWTH;
VEGETATION; PLANTATIONS; RADIATA
AB Chemical control of competing vegetation with hexazinone is a common and effective silvicultural treatment for ensuring ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) plantation success on dry sites in the western United States, yet few studies document the effect for more than the first few years after planting. This study, re-evaluated 20 years after planting, followed ponderosa pine growth and survival when hexazinone was applied in broadcast and spot treatments for control of competing vegetation. We continued work from the first 5 years after establishment that identified early differences in ponderosa pine seedling survival and growth with treatment Examination of 20-year trends indicated that individual tree volume and volume per hectare continued to diverge among treatments. The economic differences among treatments may increase as more surviving, faster-growing trees in the broadcast treatments reach higher-value products sooner Initial control of competing vegetation increased the likelihood of seedling survival and increased tree size after 20 years. Results pertained to ponderosa pine of the Douglas-fir/spiraea (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Beissn./Spiraea betulifolia Pall) and Douglas-fir/common snowberry (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Beissn./Symphoricarpos albus [L.] S. F. Blake) plant associations in northeastern Oregon, but they should apply to similar sites throughout much of the intermountain West.
C1 [Lindsay, Amanda] US Forest Serv, John Day, OR 97845 USA.
[Oester, Paul] Oregon State Univ, Extens Serv, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Cole, Elizabeth] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Lindsay, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 431 Patterson Bridge Rd, John Day, OR 97845 USA.
FU E I dv Pont de Nemours and Company; BASF Corporation
FX Amanda Lindsay (almdsay@fs.fed.us). US Forest Service, 431 Patterson
Bridge Rd., John Day, OR 97845 Paul Oester. Oregon State Untversity
Extension Service, La Grande. OR 97850 Elizabeth Cole, Oregon State
University. Department of Forest Engineering, Resources. and Management,
Corvallis, OR 97331 The authors thank Alike Newton, Doug Magure. John
Batley. and Andy Youngblood for their expert assistance in preparing and
editing the manuscript We also thank Joe Justice, Jered Schwabauer, and
Forest Capital Partners for their insight and funding of this project. E
I dv Pont de Nemours and Company and BASF Corporation for their funding
support, and Oregon State University Eastern Oregon Agricultural
Research Center for use of their land for the study. We also thank two
anonymous reviewers their comments tbat have helped improve this article
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0885-6095
J9 WEST J APPL FOR
JI West. J. Appl. For.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 3
BP 151
EP 156
PG 6
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 512DA
UT WOS:000271222400006
ER
PT J
AU McCaughey, W
Scott, GL
Izlar, KL
AF McCaughey, Ward
Scott, Glenda L.
Izlar, Kay L.
TI Whitebark Pine Planting Guidelines
SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pinus albicaulis; reforestation; free-planting; seedlings; plantations
AB This article incorporates new information into previous whitebark pine guidelines for planting prescriptions. Earlier 2006 guidelines were developed based on review of general literature, research studies, field observations, and standard US Forest Service survival surveys of high-elevation whitebark pine plantations A recent study of biotic and abiotic factors affecting survival in whitebark pine plantations was conducted to determine survival rates over time and over a wide range of geographic locations. In these revised guidelines, we recommend reducing or avoiding overstary and understory competition, avoiding swales or frost pockets, providing shade and wind protection, protecting seedlings from heavy snow loads and soil movement, providing adequate growing space, avoiding sites with lodgepole or mixing with other free species, and avoiding planting next to snags
C1 [McCaughey, Ward] US Forest Serv, Forests & Woodlands Erosyst Program, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
RP McCaughey, W (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forests & Woodlands Erosyst Program, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
NR 28
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0885-6095
J9 WEST J APPL FOR
JI West. J. Appl. For.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 3
BP 163
EP 166
PG 4
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 512DA
UT WOS:000271222400008
ER
PT J
AU Chen, GC
AF Chen, George C.
TI TREATMENT OF WOOD WITH POLYSILICIC ACID DERIVED FROM SODIUM SILICATE FOR
FUNGAL DECAY PROTECTION
SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Convention of the Society-of-Wood-Science-and-Technology
CY JUN 24, 2009
CL Boise, ID
SP Soc Wood Sci & Technol
DE Fungal decay protection; impregnation; moisture sorption; polysilicic
acid; surfactant property
AB The aim of this study was to investigate safer, more inexpensive chemicals derived from sodium silicate that can be used to protect wood against fungal degradation. Desiccant and surfactant properties of sodium silicate-derived products have been used since the early 19th century and may find application for wood decay protection. In our study, wood was impregnated with 19.5% sodium silicate and acidified with 2.5% phosphoric acid for 2 da to produce polysilicic acid. After 2-wk daily water leaching, leached specimens had 0.2% weight loss by a brown-rot fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum, and weight losses of 3.4 - 5.2% by a white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor. The control had 32.2 and 30.2% weight losses by G. trabeum and T. versicolor. respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis showed that polysilicic acid deposited mainly in the cell lumens. Exposure at 90% RH showed that polysilicic acid-treated loblolly pine or sweet gum that had been water-leached with 22 - 34% chemical retention absorbed more moisture than untreated wood. This indicated that decay resistance of polysilicic acid-treated wood is caused by a different mechanism than desiccation. One possible mechanism may be attributed to direct disruption of permeability of fungal cell membranes by the low-molecular-weight polysilicic acid.
C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
RP Chen, GC (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM gchen@fs.fed.us
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL
PI MADISON
PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA
SN 0735-6161
J9 WOOD FIBER SCI
JI Wood Fiber Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 3
BP 220
EP 228
PG 9
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 479VB
UT WOS:000268688300003
ER
PT J
AU Devine, WD
Harrington, CA
AF Devine, Warren D.
Harrington, Constance A.
TI RELATIONSHIPS AMONG FOLIAR PHENOLOGY RADIAL GROWTH RATE, AND XYLEM
DENSITY IN A YOUNG DOUGLAS-FIR PLANTATION
SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Convention of the Society-of-Wood-Science-and-Technology
CY JUN 24, 2009
CL Boise, ID
SP Soc Wood Sci & Technol
DE Phenology; foliage; xylem density; radial growth; second flushing;
Douglas-fir; soil water; vegetation control
ID WOOD DENSITY; LATEWOOD FORMATION; CAMBIAL PHENOLOGY; LEADER GROWTH;
TRANSITION; SEEDLINGS; SOIL; TEMPERATURE; WASHINGTON; EARLYWOOD
AB We related intra-annual patterns in radial growth rate and xylem density to foliar phenology and second growth flushes in a young Douglas-fir plantation in western Washington. Three foliar maturity classes were defined: (1) shoots and needles elongating; (2) elongation complete, needles maturing; and (3) needles mature. Diameter growth rate had two peaks. one about the time of budbreak and one when foliage was in maturity Class 2. There was a limit to the maximum periodic density of xylem formed at a given rate of diameter growth; as growth rate increased, maximum periodic density decreased. Although xylem density profiles varied widely among individual trees, xylem density differed significantly among foliar maturity classes. increasing 16% from Class 1 to 2 and 60% from Class 2 to 3. Diameter growth rate of second-flushing trees was significantly greater in July compared with trees with no second flush, but we detected no relationships between second-flushing and xylem density patterns or false rings. Although the young trees in this study did not show distinct early wood-latewood transitions, fully mature foliage (Class 3) was associated with formation of xylem exhibiting characteristics of latewood: greater density, reduced diameter growth rate, reduced tracheid radial diameter. and less interannual growth variation.
C1 [Devine, Warren D.; Harrington, Constance A.] USDA, Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA.
RP Devine, WD (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA.
EM wdevine@fs.fed.us
RI Harrington, Constance/G-6161-2012
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL
PI MADISON
PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA
SN 0735-6161
J9 WOOD FIBER SCI
JI Wood Fiber Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 3
BP 300
EP 312
PG 13
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 479VB
UT WOS:000268688300011
ER
PT J
AU Shim, KB
Wolfe, RW
Begel, M
AF Shim, Kug-Bo
Wolfe, Ronald W.
Begel, Marshall
TI NAILED MORTISED-PLATE CONNECTIONS FOR SMALL-DIAMETER ROUND TIMBER
SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Convention of the Society-of-Wood-Science-and-Technology
CY JUN 24, 2009
CL Boise, ID
SP Soc Wood Sci & Technol
DE Small-diameter round timber; connections; power-driven nails; design
value; failure mode
AB In an effort to encourage the development of value-added engineered applications for small-diameter round timber. research is being conducted at the US Forest Products Laboratory to develop and verify design guidelines for connections with specific application to round timbers. The objective of this study is to provide potential users with a number of viable connection options applicable to the fabrication of engineered, round-timber structural components and systems. Target uses include trusses, built-up flange beams, and space frames. This article presents information on a mortised steel-plate connection fabricated using power-driven nails in 150-mm-dia ponderosa pine. The article discusses methods used to determine per nail load capacity and to develop design procedures that incorporate that value in the determination of a multinail connection design value. These connections offer the advantage of low labor and material cost, ductile failure modes, and strengths in the range of 4.7 kN/nail. The failure of the connections was mode III nail failure and wood block shear failure. Joints that failed in block shear appeared to have roughly the same strength as those that failed from nail yield. The National Design Specification yield model for nails provides accurate predictions of joint capacity for nail yield-type failure,, and overestimates strength of joints that exhibit wood failure. Block shear capacity can be estimated on the basis of clear-wood strength and effective tensile and shear area of the connection.
C1 [Shim, Kug-Bo] Korea Forest Res Inst, Dept Forest Prod, Seoul 130712, South Korea.
[Wolfe, Ronald W.; Begel, Marshall] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Mech Engn Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
RP Shim, KB (reprint author), Korea Forest Res Inst, Dept Forest Prod, Seoul 130712, South Korea.
EM kbshim@forest.go.kr
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL
PI MADISON
PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA
SN 0735-6161
J9 WOOD FIBER SCI
JI Wood Fiber Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 3
BP 313
EP 321
PG 9
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 479VB
UT WOS:000268688300012
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XJ
Tang, CL
Zhang, G
Li, YC
Wang, CF
Liu, B
Qu, ZP
Zhao, J
Han, QM
Huang, LL
Chen, XM
Kang, ZS
AF Wang, Xiaojie
Tang, Chunlei
Zhang, Gang
Li, Yingchun
Wang, Chenfang
Liu, Bo
Qu, Zhipeng
Zhao, Jie
Han, Qingmei
Huang, Lili
Chen, Xianming
Kang, Zhensheng
TI cDNA-AFLP analysis reveals differential gene expression in compatible
interaction of wheat challenged with Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENOME-WIDE EXPRESSION; UROMYCES-VICIAE-FABAE; POWDERY MILDEW;
TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; MAP KINASE; LEAF RUST; SP PISI; PLANT;
RESISTANCE; INFECTION
AB Background: Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is a fungal pathogen causing stripe rust, one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide. The fungus is strictly biotrophic and thus, completely dependent on living host cells for its reproduction, which makes it difficult to study genes of the pathogen. In spite of its economic importance, little is known about the molecular basis of compatible interaction between the pathogen and wheat host. In this study, we identified wheat and P. striiformis genes associated with the infection process by conducting a large-scale transcriptomic analysis using cDNA-AFLP.
Results: Of the total 54,912 transcript derived fragments (TDFs) obtained using cDNA-AFLP with 64 primer pairs, 2,306 (4.2%) displayed altered expression patterns after inoculation, of which 966 showed up-regulated and 1,340 down-regulated. 186 TDFs produced reliable sequences after sequencing of 208 TDFs selected, of which 74 (40%) had known functions through BLAST searching the GenBank database. Majority of the latter group had predicted gene products involved in energy (13%), signal transduction (5.4%), disease/ defence (5.9%) and metabolism (5% of the sequenced TDFs). BLAST searching of the wheat stem rust fungus genome database identified 18 TDFs possibly from the stripe rust pathogen, of which 9 were validated of the pathogen origin using PCR-based assays followed by sequencing confirmation. Of the 186 reliable TDFs, 29 homologous to genes known to play a role in disease/defense, signal transduction or uncharacterized genes were further selected for validation of cDNA-AFLP expression patterns using qRT-PCR analyses. Results confirmed the altered expression patterns of 28 (96.5%) genes revealed by the cDNA-AFLP technique.
Conclusion: The results show that cDNA-AFLP is a reliable technique for studying expression patterns of genes involved in the wheat-stripe rust interactions. Genes involved in compatible interactions between wheat and the stripe rust pathogen were identified and their expression patterns were determined. The present study should be helpful in elucidating the molecular basis of the infection process, and identifying genes that can be targeted for inhibiting the growth and reproduction of the pathogen. Moreover, this study can also be used to elucidate the defence responses of the genes that were of plant origin.
C1 [Wang, Xiaojie; Tang, Chunlei; Zhang, Gang; Li, Yingchun; Wang, Chenfang; Liu, Bo; Qu, Zhipeng; Zhao, Jie; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Xiaojie; Tang, Chunlei; Zhang, Gang; Li, Yingchun; Wang, Chenfang; Liu, Bo; Qu, Zhipeng; Zhao, Jie; Han, Qingmei; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, Shaanxi Key Lab Mol Biol Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
EM wangxiaojie@nwsuaf.edu.cn; tclbad@163.com;
jay_gumling2003@nwsuaf.edu.cn; lyc046@126.com; ff5573@yahoo.com.cn;
ilisaliu@gmail.com; quzp2005@126.com; jiezhao@nwsuaf.edu.cn;
hanqm9@163.com; huanglili@nwsuaf.edu.cn; xianming@wsu.edu;
kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn
RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008;
OI Wang, Xiaojie/0000-0001-9968-0373
FU National 863 Research Program [2006AA10A104]; National Basic Research
Program of China [2006CB708208]; Nature Science Foundation of China
[30671350]; Ministry of Education of China [200558, B07049]
FX This study was supported by grants from the National 863 Research
Program (2006AA10A104), National Basic Research Program of China (No.
2006CB708208), Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 30671350), the
Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in
Universities, Ministry of Education of China (No. 200558) and the 111
Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049).
NR 50
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U1 0
U2 22
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD JUN 30
PY 2009
VL 10
AR 289
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-10-289
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 480RN
UT WOS:000268754600001
PM 19566949
ER
PT J
AU Gonzalez, VH
Giraldo, C
AF Gonzalez, Victor H.
Giraldo, Catalina
TI NEW ANDEAN BEE SPECIES OF CHILICOLA SPINOLA (HYMENOPTERA: COLLETIDAE,
XEROMELISSINAE) WITH NOTES ON THEIR BIOLOGY
SO CALDASIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Apoidea; Colombia; Grotea; Paramo; Systematics
AB We describe and illustrate three new bee species of the genus Chilicola Spinola that occur at high altitudes in the Eastern Andes of Colombia: C. (Anoediscelis) paramoides Gonzalez sp. nov., C. (Hylaeosoma) bochica Gonzalez sp. nov., and C. (Oroediscelis) deborahae Gonzalez sp. nov. We also provide biological notes and discuss the phylogenetic relationships of C. deborahae; nests of this species were found inside dry flower sterns of Espeletia argentea Humb. & Bonpl. (Asteraceae) and a palynological analysis showed that 80 % of the pollen grains found in brood cells belonged to Arcytophyllum aff. nitidum and A. muticum (Rubiaceae). The ichneumonid wasp Grotea sp. is also recorded parasitizing brood cells of C. deborahoe.
C1 [Gonzalez, Victor H.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Giraldo, Catalina] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, DC, Colombia.
RP Gonzalez, VH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM victorgonzab@gmail.com; mcatagiraldo@yahoo.com.mx
RI Gonzalez Betancourt, Victor /B-9528-2011
FU Instituto Alexander von Humboldt (Villa de Leyva); el Sistema de Parques
Nacionales Naturales de Colombia
FX We thank J. Rodriguez, P. Sepulveda, J. Koch, K. Huntzinger, and two
anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions that improved the
manuscript; C. D. Michener, M. S. Engel, Z. Falin, and J. Thomas for
access to the bee collection at SEMC; Prof. O. Rangel for laboratory
facilities at ICN, A. Herrera for identifying the ichneumonid wasp, and
The Instituto Alexander von Humboldt (Villa de Leyva) and el Sistema de
Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia for their outstanding
logistical Support and for generously providing both permission to work
in the park and lodging to V.G. during this study.
NR 9
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U1 0
U2 2
PU INST CIENCIAS NATURALES, MUSEO HISTORIA NATURAL
PI BOGOTA
PA FAC CIENCIAS, UNIV NACIONAL COLOMBIA, APARTADO 7495, BOGOTA, 00000,
COLOMBIA
SN 0366-5232
J9 CALDASIA
JI Caldasia
PD JUN 30
PY 2009
VL 31
IS 1
BP 145
EP 154
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Zoology
SC Plant Sciences; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Zoology
GA 476PE
UT WOS:000268453700011
ER
PT J
AU Haywood, JD
AF Haywood, James D.
TI Eight years of seasonal burning and herbicidal brush control influence
sapling longleaf pine growth, understory vegetation, and the outcome of
an ensuing wildfire
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Pinus palustris Mill.; Prescribed fire; Triclopyr herbicide; Vegetation
management
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; 6 GROWING SEASONS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; TREE
MORTALITY; BARK BEETLES; ASSOCIATION; ECOSYSTEMS; STANDS
AB To study how fire or herbicide use influences longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) overstory and understory vegetation, five treatments were initiated in a 5-6-year-old longleaf pine stand: check, biennial arborescent plant control by directed herbicide application, and biennial burning in March May,, or July. The herbicide or prescribed fire treatments were applied in 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005. All prescribed fires were intense and averaged 700 kJ/s/m of fire front across all 12 burns. Using pretreatment variables as covariates, longleaf pine survival and volume per hectare were significantly less on the three prescribed fire treatments than on checks. Least-square means in 2006 for survival were 70, 65, 64, 58, and 56% and volume per hectare was 129, 125, 65, 84, and 80 m(3)/ha on the check, herbicide, March-, May-, and July-burn treatments, respectively. A wildfire in March 2007 disproportionately killed pine trees on the study plots. In October 2007, pine volume per hectare was 85, 111, 68, 98, and 93 m(3)/ha and survival was 32, 41, 53, 57, and 55% on the check, herbicide, March-, May-, and July-burn treatments, respectively, after dropping trees that died through January 2009 from the database. Understory plant cover was also affected by treatment and the ensuing wildfire. In September 2006, herbaceous plant cover averaged 4% on the two unburned treatments and 42% on the three prescribed fire treatments. Seven months after the wildfire, herbaceous plant cover averaged 42% on the two previously unburned treatments and 50% on the three prescribed fire treatments. Before the wildfire, understory tree cover was significantly greater on checks (15%) than on the other four treatments (1.3%), but understory tree cover was similar across all five treatments 7 months after the wildfire averaging 1.1%. The greater apparent intensity of the wildfire on the previously unburned treatments most likely resulted from a greater accumulation of fuels on the check and herbicide plots that also collectively had a higher caloric content than fuels on the biennially prescribed burned plots. These results showed the destructive force of wildfire to overstory trees in unburned longleaf pine stands while also demonstrating the rejuvenating effects of wildfire within herbaceous plant communities. They caution for careful reintroduction of prescribed fire even if fire was excluded for less than a decade. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Alexandria Forestry Ctr, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
RP Haywood, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Alexandria Forestry Ctr, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
EM dhaywood@fs.fed.us
NR 42
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U1 7
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD JUN 30
PY 2009
VL 258
IS 3
BP 295
EP 305
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.04.016
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 464AY
UT WOS:000267478000011
ER
PT J
AU Keskinen, LA
Burke, A
Annous, BA
AF Keskinen, Lindsey A.
Burke, Angela
Annous, Bassam A.
TI Efficacy of chlorine, acidic electrolyzed water and aqueous chlorine
dioxide solutions to decontaminate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from lettuce
leaves
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Escherichia coli O157:H7; Lettuce; Leafy greens; Sanitizer; Chlorine
dioxide; Chlorine; Acidified sodium chlorite; Acidic electrolyzed water
ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; OXIDIZING WATER; SENSORY QUALITY; O157-H7;
SANITIZERS; SALMONELLA; DISINFECTANTS; INOCULATION; VIABILITY; PATHOGENS
AB This study compared the efficacy of chlorine (20-200 ppm), acidic electrolyzed water (50 ppm chlorine, pH 2.6), acidified sodium chlorite (20-200 ppm chlorite ion concentration, Sanova (R)), and aqueous chlorine dioxide (20-200 ppm chlorite ion concentration, TriNova (R)) washes in reducing Populations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on artificially inoculated lettuce. Fresh-cut leaves of Romaine or Iceberg lettuce were inoculated by immersion in water containing E. coli O157:H7 (8 log CFU/ml) for 5 min and dried in a salad spinner. Leaves (25 g) were then washed for 2 min. immediately or following 24 h of storage at 4 degrees C. The washing treatments containing chlorite ion concentrations of 100 and 200 ppm were the most effective against E. coli O157:H7 populations on Iceberg lettuce, with log reductions as high as 1.25 log CFU/g and 1.05 log CFU/g for TriNova (R) and Sanova (R) wash treatments, respectively. All other wash treatments resulted in population reductions of less than 1 log CFU/g. Chlorine (200 ppm), TriNova (R), Sanova (R), and acidic electrolyzed water were all equally effective against E coli O157:H7 on Romaine. with log reductions of -1 log CFU/g. The 20 ppm chlorine wash was as effective as the deionized water wash in reducing populations of E. coli O157: H7 on Romaine and Iceberg lettuce. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that E. coli O157:H7 that was incorporated into biofilms or located in damage lettuce tissue remained on the lettuce leaf, while individual cells on undamaged leaf Surfaces were more likely to be washed away. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Keskinen, Lindsey A.; Burke, Angela; Annous, Bassam A.] Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Annous, BA (reprint author), Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Agr Res Serv, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-CSREES [2006-51 11003681]
FX This work was funded by USDA-CSREES Grant Number 2006-51 11003681.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1605
EI 1879-3460
J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL
JI Int. J. Food Microbiol.
PD JUN 30
PY 2009
VL 132
IS 2-3
BP 134
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.04.006
PG 7
WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology
SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology
GA 459VF
UT WOS:000267138700007
PM 19428137
ER
PT J
AU Khajuria, C
Zhu, YC
Chen, MS
Buschman, LL
Higgins, RA
Yao, JX
Crespo, ALB
Siegfried, BD
Muthukrishnan, S
Zhu, KY
AF Khajuria, Chitvan
Zhu, Yu Cheng
Chen, Ming-Shun
Buschman, Lawrent L.
Higgins, Randall A.
Yao, Jianxiu
Crespo, Andre L. B.
Siegfried, Blair D.
Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam
Zhu, Kun Yan
TI Expressed sequence tags from larval gut of the European corn borer
(Ostrinia nubilalis): Exploring candidate genes potentially involved in
Bacillus thuringiensis toxicity and resistance
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BASE-LINE SUSCEPTIBILITY; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; GENOME SEQUENCE;
BOMBYX-MORI; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA;
ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; INSECT RESISTANCE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE;
AMINOPEPTIDASE N
AB Background: Lepidoptera represents more than 160,000 insect species which include some of the most devastating pests of crops, forests, and stored products. However, the genomic information on lepidopteran insects is very limited. Only a few studies have focused on developing expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries from the guts of lepidopteran larvae. Knowledge of the genes that are expressed in the insect gut are crucial for understanding basic physiology of food digestion, their interactions with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins, and for discovering new targets for novel toxins for use in pest management. This study analyzed the ESTs generated from the larval gut of the European corn borer (ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis), one of the most destructive pests of corn in North America and the western world. Our goals were to establish an ECB larval gut-specific EST database as a genomic resource for future research and to explore candidate genes potentially involved in insect-Bt interactions and Bt resistance in ECB.
Results: We constructed two cDNA libraries from the guts of the fifth-instar larvae of ECB and sequenced a total of 15,000 ESTs from these libraries. A total of 12,519 ESTs (83.4%) appeared to be high quality with an average length of 656 bp. These ESTs represented 2,895 unique sequences, including 1,738 singletons and 1,157 contigs. Among the unique sequences, 62.7% encoded putative proteins that shared significant sequence similarities (E-value <= 10(-3)) with the sequences available in GenBank. Our EST analysis revealed 52 candidate genes that potentially have roles in Bt toxicity and resistance. These genes encode 18 trypsin-like proteases, 18 chymotrypsin-like proteases, 13 aminopeptidases, 2 alkaline phosphatases and 1 cadherin-like protein. Comparisons of expression profiles of 41 selected candidate genes between Cry1Ab-susceptible and resistant strains of ECB by RT-PCR showed apparently decreased expressions in 2 trypsin-like and 2 chymotrypsin-like protease genes, and 1 aminopeptidase genes in the resistant strain as compared with the susceptible strain. In contrast, the expression of 3 trypsin-like and 3 chymotrypsin-like protease genes, 2 aminopeptidase genes, and 2 alkaline phosphatase genes were increased in the resistant strain. Such differential expressions of the candidate genes may suggest their involvement in Cry1Ab resistance. Indeed, certain trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like proteases have previously been found to activate or degrade Bt protoxins and toxins, whereas several aminopeptidases, cadherin-like proteins and alkaline phosphatases have been demonstrated to serve as Bt receptor proteins in other insect species.
Conclusion: We developed a relatively large EST database consisting of 12,519 high-quality sequences from a total of 15,000 cDNAs from the larval gut of ECB. To our knowledge, this database represents the largest gut-specific EST database from a lepidopteran pest. Our work provides a foundation for future research to develop an ECB gut-specific DNA microarray which can be used to analyze the global changes of gene expression in response to Bt protoxins/toxins and the genetic difference(s) between Bt-resistant and susceptible strains. Furthermore, we identified 52 candidate genes that may potentially be involved in Bt toxicity and resistance. Differential expressions of 15 out of the 41 selected candidate genes examined by RT-PCR, including 5 genes with apparently decreased expression and 10 with increased expression in Cry1Ab-resistant strain, may help us conclusively identify the candidate genes involved in Bt resistance and provide us with new insights into the mechanism of Cry1Ab resistance in ECB.
C1 [Khajuria, Chitvan; Chen, Ming-Shun; Buschman, Lawrent L.; Higgins, Randall A.; Yao, Jianxiu; Zhu, Kun Yan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Zhu, Yu Cheng] ARS, USDA, So Insect Management Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Chen, Ming-Shun] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Crespo, Andre L. B.; Siegfried, Blair D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Zhu, KY (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, 123 Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM chitvan@ksu.edu; yc.zhu@ars.usda.gov; mchen@ksu.edu; lbuschma@ksu.edu;
rhiggins@ksu.edu; jianxiuy@ksu.edu; andre.crespo@syngenta.com;
bsiegfried1@unl.edu; smk@ksu.edu; kzhu@ksu.edu
RI Khajuria, Chitvan/E-7690-2012;
OI Crespo, Andre/0000-0001-6977-0749
FU Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station; Kansas State University; Kansas
Agricultural Experiment Station [09105-J]
FX The authors thank Yoonseong Park for his helpful comments on an earlier
draft of this manuscript, Lisa Tan for maintaining the European corn
borer colonies, Xiang Liu for his technical assistance. Mention of trade
names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the
purpose of providing specific information and does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by U. S. Department of Agriculture or
Kansas State University. This study was supported in part by the Kansas
Agricultural Experiment Station and the Arthropod Genomics Center funded
by K-State Targeted Excellence program at Kansas State University. This
paper is contribution No 09105-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment
Station. The Ostrinia nubilalis voucher specimens (voucher No. 079) are
located in the Kansas State University Museum of Entomological and
Prairie Arthropod Research, Manhattan, Kansas.
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PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD JUN 29
PY 2009
VL 10
AR 286
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-10-286
PG 14
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 480RM
UT WOS:000268754500002
PM 19558725
ER
PT J
AU Schreiber, AW
Sutton, T
Caldo, RA
Kalashyan, E
Lovell, B
Mayo, G
Muehlbauer, GJ
Druka, A
Waugh, R
Wise, RP
Langridge, P
Baumann, U
AF Schreiber, Andreas W.
Sutton, Tim
Caldo, Rico A.
Kalashyan, Elena
Lovell, Ben
Mayo, Gwenda
Muehlbauer, Gary J.
Druka, Arnis
Waugh, Robbie
Wise, Roger P.
Langridge, Peter
Baumann, Ute
TI Comparative transcriptomics in the Triticeae
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENE-EXPRESSION; DUPLICATE GENES; GENOME EVOLUTION; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; COG
DATABASE; ARABIDOPSIS; BARLEY; DIVERGENCE; MICROARRAY; POLYPLOIDY
AB Background: Barley and particularly wheat are two grass species of immense agricultural importance. In spite of polyploidization events within the latter, studies have shown that genotypically and phenotypically these species are very closely related and, indeed, fertile hybrids can be created by interbreeding. The advent of two genome-scale Affymetrix GeneChips now allows studies of the comparison of their transcriptomes.
Results: We have used the Wheat GeneChip to create a "gene expression atlas" for the wheat transcriptome (cv. Chinese Spring). For this, we chose mRNA from a range of tissues and developmental stages closely mirroring a comparable study carried out for barley (cv. Morex) using the Barley1 GeneChip. This, together with large-scale clustering of the probesets from the two GeneChips into "homologous groups", has allowed us to perform a genomic-scale comparative study of expression patterns in these two species. We explore the influence of the polyploidy of wheat on the results obtained with the Wheat GeneChip and quantify the correlation between conservation in gene sequence and gene expression in wheat and barley. In addition, we show how the conservation of expression patterns can be used to elucidate, probeset by probeset, the reliability of the Wheat GeneChip.
Conclusion: While there are many differences in expression on the level of individual genes and tissues, we demonstrate that the wheat and barley transcriptomes appear highly correlated. This finding is significant not only because given small evolutionary distance between the two species it is widely expected, but also because it demonstrates that it is possible to use the two GeneChips for comparative studies. This is the case even though their probeset composition reflects rather different design principles as well as, of course, the present incomplete knowledge of the gene content of the two species. We also show that, in general, the Wheat GeneChip is not able to distinguish contributions from individual homoeologs. Furthermore, the comparison between the two species leads us to conclude that the conservation of both gene sequence as well as gene expression is positively correlated with absolute expression levels, presumably reflecting increased selection pressure on genes coding for proteins present at high levels. In addition, the results indicate the presence of a correlation between sequence and expression conservation within the Triticeae.
C1 [Schreiber, Andreas W.; Sutton, Tim; Kalashyan, Elena; Lovell, Ben; Mayo, Gwenda; Langridge, Peter; Baumann, Ute] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Gen, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
[Caldo, Rico A.; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Caldo, Rico A.; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Muehlbauer, Gary J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Druka, Arnis; Waugh, Robbie] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland.
[Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Schreiber, AW (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Gen, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
EM andreas.schreiber@adelaide.edu.au; tim.sutton@adelaide.edu.au;
rico.a.caldo@monsanto.com; elena.kalashyan@acpfg.com.au;
ben.lovell@acpfg.com.au; gwenda.mayo@acpfg.com.au; muehl003@umn.edu;
arnis.druka@scri.ac.uk; robbie.waugh@scri.ac.uk; rpwise@iastate.edu;
peter.langridge@adelaide.edu.au; ute.baumann@adelaide.edu.au
RI Sutton, Tim/F-4824-2010; Langridge, Peter/G-5864-2010; Schreiber,
Andreas Schreiber/J-7566-2013
OI Langridge, Peter/0000-0001-9494-400X;
FU USDA Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems (IFAFS)
[2001-52100-11346 (RPW)]; USDA-ARS CRIS [3625-21000-049-00D (RPW)];
Grains Research and Development Corporation of Australia as well the
Australian Research Council
FX would like to thank Prof. Y. Ogihara for providing us with the
homoeologous sequences of (Mochida et al., 2003). Funding for this
research was provided by USDA Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food
Systems (IFAFS) grant no. 2001-52100-11346 (RPW), USDA-ARS CRIS Project
3625-21000-049-00D (RPW), the Grains Research and Development
Corporation of Australia as well the Australian Research Council.
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PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD JUN 29
PY 2009
VL 10
AR 285
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-10-285
PG 17
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 480RM
UT WOS:000268754500001
PM 19558723
ER
PT J
AU Rafiei, M
Nord, M
Sadeghizadeh, A
Entezari, MH
AF Rafiei, Morteza
Nord, Mark
Sadeghizadeh, Atefeh
Entezari, Mohammad H.
TI Assessing the internal validity of a household survey-based food
security measure adapted for use in Iran
SO NUTRITION JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID BURKINA-FASO; INSECURITY; INDICATORS; HUNGER; SCALE; QUESTIONNAIRE;
VALIDATION; ADULTS; MODULE
AB Background: The prevalence of food insecurity is an indicator of material well-being in an area of basic need. The U. S. Food Security Module has been adapted for use in a wide variety of cultural and linguistic settings around the world. We assessed the internal validity of the adapted U. S. Household Food Security Survey Module to measure adult and child food insecurity in Isfahan, Iran, using statistical methods based on the Rasch measurement model.
Methods: The U. S. Household Food Security Survey Module was translated into Farsi and after adaptation, administered to a representative sample. Data were provided by 2,004 randomly selected households from all sectors of the population of Isfahan, Iran, during 2005.
Results: 53.1 percent reported that their food had run out at some time during the previous 12 months and they did not have money to buy more, while 26.7 percent reported that an adult had cut the size of a meal or skipped a meal because there was not enough money for food, and 7.2 percent reported that an adult did not eat for a whole day because there was not enough money for food. The severity of the items in the adult scale, estimated under Rasch-model assumptions, covered a range of 6.65 logistic units, and those in the child scale 11.68 logistic units. Most Item-infit statistics were near unity, and none exceeded 1.20.
Conclusion: The range of severity of items provides measurement coverage across a wide range of severity of food insecurity for both adults and children. Both scales demonstrated acceptable levels of internal validity, although several items should be improved. The similarity of the response patterns in the Isfahan and the U. S. suggests that food insecurity is experienced, managed, and described similarly in the two countries.
C1 [Rafiei, Morteza; Sadeghizadeh, Atefeh] Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Med Educ Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran.
[Nord, Mark] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA.
[Entezari, Mohammad H.] Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Hlth Fac, Esfahan, Iran.
RP Rafiei, M (reprint author), Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Med Educ Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran.
EM RAFIEI@edc.mui.ac.ir; MARKNORD@ers.usda.gov; SADEGHIZADEH@med.mui.ac.ir;
MH_ENTEZARI@yahoo.com
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U2 9
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1475-2891
J9 NUTR J
JI Nutr. J.
PD JUN 26
PY 2009
VL 8
AR 28
DI 10.1186/1475-2891-8-28
PG 11
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 475EU
UT WOS:000268342000001
PM 19558676
ER
PT J
AU Lichtenstein, AH
AF Lichtenstein, Alice H.
TI Economic Conditions and Obesity
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM alice.lichtenstein@tufts.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 301
IS 24
BP 2547
EP 2547
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 461KU
UT WOS:000267266500013
PM 19549969
ER
PT J
AU Calderon, FJ
Vigil, MF
Reeves, JB
Poss, DJ
AF Calderon, Francisco J.
Vigil, Merle F.
Reeves, James B., III
Poss, David J.
TI Mid-Infrared and Near-Infrared Calibrations for Nutritional Parameters
of Triticale (Triticosecale) and Pea (Pisum sativum)
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diffuse reflectance; ADF; NDF; nitrogen; Fourier transformed; infrared;
mid-infrared; near-infrared; NIR; FTIR
ID DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; FATTY-ACIDS;
FORAGES; PROTEIN; FOURIER
AB The objective of this study was to develop Fourier transformed mid-infrared (MidIR) and near-infrared (NIR) calibrations for acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and total nitrogen in triticale, peas, and triticale/pea mixtures. Heterogeneous calibration-validation combinations were also tested for calibration quality. The forage samples were collected from forage plots grown following millet or wheat. Other factors included population density, forage mixtures, and nitrogen fertilizer rate. Total N always achieved a better validation R(2) than ADF and NDF, regardless of the sample set or spectral range. The ADF and NDF could not be predicted well with heterogeneous calibration/validation sets, with the exception of ADF predicted by the pea/triticale mixture in the MidIR. Using whole sample sets resulted in better predictive calibrations for the fiber analytes for both the MidIR and the NIR. This study shows that MidIR compares well with NIR for the development of ADF and total N calibrations in forages. The NIR and MidIR are both useful as quick methods for measuring total N, and they show promise for measuring ADF and total N in forage samples, but performance with NDF was less satisfactory.
C1 [Calderon, Francisco J.; Vigil, Merle F.; Poss, David J.] ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, USDA, Akron, CO 80720 USA.
[Reeves, James B., III] ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Calderon, FJ (reprint author), ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, USDA, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA.
EM francisco.calderon@ars.usda.gov
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 12
BP 5136
EP 5142
DI 10.1021/jf803936x
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 460JK
UT WOS:000267183800004
PM 19456104
ER
PT J
AU Dayan, FE
Singh, N
McCurdy, CR
Godfrey, CA
Larsen, L
Weavers, RT
Van Klink, JW
Perry, NB
AF Dayan, Franck E.
Singh, Nidhi
McCurdy, Christopher R.
Godfrey, Colette A.
Larsen, Lesley
Weavers, Rex T.
Van Klink, John W.
Perry, Nigel B.
TI beta-Triketone Inhibitors of Plant p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase:
Modeling and Comparative Molecular Field Analysis of Their Interactions
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Natural products; triketones; phytotoxins; herbicides; mode of action;
p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase; structure-activity relationships;
essential oils
ID 4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE; LEPTOSPERMUM-SCOPARIUM; ANALYSIS
COMFA; ESSENTIAL OILS; MYRTACEAE; ISOXAFLUTOLE; ARABIDOPSIS;
SELECTIVITY; HERBICIDES; MANUKA
AB p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is the target site of beta-triketone herbicides in current use. Nineteen beta-triketones and analogues, including the naturally occurring leptospermone and grandiflorone, were synthesized and tested as inhibitors of purified Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD. The most active compound was a beta-triketone with a C(9) alkyl side chain, not reported as natural, which inhibited HPPD with an I(50) of 19 +/- 1 nM. This is significantly more active than sulcotrione, which had an I(50) of 250 +/- 21 nM in this assay system. The most active naturally occurring beta-triketone was grandiflorone, which had an I(50) of 750 +/- 70 nM. This compound is of potential interest as a natural herbicide because it can be extracted with good yield and purity from some Leptospermum shrubs. Analogues without the 1,3-diketone group needed to interact with Fe(2+) at the HPPD active site were inactive (I(50)s > 50 mu M), as were analogues with prenyl or ethyl groups on the triketone ring. Modeling of the binding of the triketones to HPPD, three-dimensional QSAR analysis using CoMFA (comparative molecular field analysis), and evaluation of the hydrophobic contribution with HINT (hydropathic interactions) provided a structural basis to describe the ligand/receptor interactions.
C1 [Dayan, Franck E.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Singh, Nidhi; McCurdy, Christopher R.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Godfrey, Colette A.; Larsen, Lesley; Weavers, Rex T.; Van Klink, John W.; Perry, Nigel B.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Godfrey, Colette A.; Larsen, Lesley; Weavers, Rex T.; Van Klink, John W.; Perry, Nigel B.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, Dunedin, New Zealand.
RP Dayan, FE (reprint author), ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA.
EM fdayan@olemiss.edu
RI Perry, Nigel/G-5574-2010; Larsen, Lesley/A-3349-2012; Dayan,
Franck/A-7592-2009
OI Perry, Nigel/0000-0003-3196-3945; Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499
NR 44
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 12
BP 5194
EP 5200
DI 10.1021/jf9005593
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 460JK
UT WOS:000267183800013
PM 19435355
ER
PT J
AU Patterson, JK
Rutzke, MA
Fubini, SL
Glahn, RP
Welch, RM
Lei, XG
Miller, DD
AF Patterson, Jannine K.
Rutzke, Michael A.
Fubini, Susan L.
Glahn, Raymond P.
Welch, Ross M.
Lei, Xingen
Miller, Dennis D.
TI Dietary Inulin Supplementation Does Not Promote Colonic Iron Absorption
in a Porcine Model
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Inulin; prebiotics; iron absorption; pig; stable isotopes
ID NONHEME IRON; GROWING PIGS; MINERAL ABSORPTION; FOOD FORTIFICATION;
IN-VITRO; BIOAVAILABILITY; PREBIOTICS; HEALTH; DEFICIENCY; MICROBIOTA
AB Prebiotics may enhance iron bioavailability by increasing iron absorption in the colon. Anemic pigs fitted with cecal cannulas were fed a low-iron diet with or without 4% inulin. Over 7 days, pigs were administered 1 mg of (54)Fe in the morning feed followed by cannula infusion of 0.5 mg of (58)Fe to measure total and colonic iron absorption, respectively. Whole blood was drawn prior to the initial dosing and 14 days thereafter for hemoglobin concentration and stable isotope ratio analyses. The prebiotic role of inulin was confirmed by increases in lactobacilli and bifidobacteria with reductions in clostridia using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP). Total iron absorption was 23.2 +/- 2.7 and 20.7 +/- 3.5% (mean +/- SEM; p > 0.05), while colonic iron absorption was 0.4 +/- 0.1 and 1.0 +/- 0.2% (mean +/- SEM; p > 0.05) in inulin-fed and control pigs, respectively. These results show that the colon does not make a significant contribution to total iron absorption in iron-deficient pigs and that inulin does not affect iron absorption in the colon.
C1 [Patterson, Jannine K.; Miller, Dennis D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Fubini, Susan L.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Lei, Xingen] Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Rutzke, Michael A.; Glahn, Raymond P.; Welch, Ross M.] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Miller, DD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, 119 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM ddm2@cornell.edu
NR 52
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 12
BP 5250
EP 5256
DI 10.1021/jf900698x
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 460JK
UT WOS:000267183800020
PM 19480386
ER
PT J
AU Weaver, JD
Ullah, AHJ
Sethumadhavan, K
Mullaney, EJ
Lei, XG
AF Weaver, Jeremy D.
Ullah, Abul H. J.
Sethumadhavan, Kandan
Mullaney, Edward J.
Lei, Xin Gen
TI Impact of Assay Conditions on Activity Estimate and Kinetics Comparison
of Aspergillus niger PhyA and Escherichia coli AppA2 Phytases
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE AppA2; assay method; comparison; kinetics; PhyA; phytase
ID MYOINOSITOL HEXAKISPHOSPHATE PHOSPHOHYDROLASES; HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION;
GUANIDINE-HYDROCHLORIDE; PICHIA-PASTORIS; YOUNG-PIGS; APPARENT
DIGESTIBILITY; RAPID-DETERMINATION; ANIMAL FEED; IN-VITRO; PHOSPHORUS
AB Aspergillus niger PhyA and Escherichia coli AppA2 are increasingly used in animal feed for phosphorus nutrition and environmental protection. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of assay conditions on activity estimates of these two phytases and to compare their biochemical characteristics at a pH similar to the stomach environment. The activities of the unpurified AppA2 were more variable than those of PhyA with three commonly used phytase activity assays. The variations associated with AppA2 were accounted for by buffer, pH, and the inclusion of Triton X-100 and BSA by approximately one-third each. At the commonly observed stomach pH of 3.5, the purified AppA2 had a lower affinity to phytate (a higher Km), but greater V-max, k(cat), and k(cat)/K-m than those of PhyA. In summary, differences between AppA2 and PhyA in responses to activity assay conditions and in inherent kinetic properties should be considered in interpreting their feeding efficacy.
C1 [Weaver, Jeremy D.; Lei, Xin Gen] Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ullah, Abul H. J.; Sethumadhavan, Kandan; Mullaney, Edward J.] ARS, SRRC, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA.
RP Lei, XG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM XL20@cornell.edu
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
EI 1520-5118
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 12
BP 5315
EP 5320
DI 10.1021/jf900261n
PG 6
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 460JK
UT WOS:000267183800029
PM 19530713
ER
PT J
AU Gao, SD
Qin, RJ
Hanson, BD
Tharayil, N
Trout, TJ
Wang, D
Gerik, J
AF Gao, Suduan
Qin, Ruijun
Hanson, Bradley D.
Tharayil, Nishanth
Trout, Thomas J.
Wang, Dong
Gerik, James
TI Effects of Manure and Water Applications on 1,3-Dichloropropene and
Chloropicrin Emissions in a Field Trial
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Soil fumigation; emission reduction; high-density polyethylene tarp;
volatile organic compounds
ID REDUCE 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; FUMIGANT EMISSIONS; SURFACE SEALS; SOIL;
DEGRADATION; AMENDMENT; CHAMBER; DESIGN; TESTS
AB Minimizing fumigant emissions is required for meeting air-quality standards. Application of organic materials to surface soil has been effective in reducing fumigant emissions during laboratory tests, but the potential to reduce emissions in the field has not been adequately evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of incorporated composted manure with or without water applications on fumigant emissions and the potential impact on pest control efficacy under field conditions. Treatments included a bare-soil control, composted dairy manure at 12.4 and 24.7 Mg ha(-1), postfumigation intermittent water seals (11 mm water irrigated immediately following fumigation and 4 mm at 12, 24, and 48 h), and incorporation of manure at 12.4 Mg ha(-1) combined with the water seals or a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) tarp. Telone C35 was shank-applied at 553 kg ha(-1), and emissions of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) were monitored for 10 days; The results indicate that there was no significant difference in emission peak flux and cumulative emission loss between the control and the 12.4 Mg ha(-1) manure treatment. The higher manure rate (24.7. Mg ha(-1)) resulted in lower emission flux and cumulative emission loss than 12.4 Mg ha(-1), although the differences were only significant for CP. In contrast, the water treatments with or without manure incorporation significantly reduced peak emission rates (80% reduction) and cumulative emission loss (similar to 50% reduction). The manure + HDPE treatment resulted in the lowest CP emissions but slightly higher 1,3-D emissions than the water treatments. Reductions in peak emission from water treatments can be important in reducing the potential acute exposure risks to workers and bystanders. This research demonstrated that incorporation of composted manure alone did not reduce fumigant emissions and effective emission reduction with manure amendment may require higher application rates and/or more effective materials than those used in this study.
C1 [Gao, Suduan; Qin, Ruijun; Hanson, Bradley D.; Tharayil, Nishanth; Wang, Dong; Gerik, James] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
[Trout, Thomas J.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Gao, SD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
EM suduan.gao@ars.usda.gov
RI Qin, Ruijun/F-3469-2011
OI Tharayil, Nishanth /0000-0001-6866-0804; Trout,
Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170;
NR 26
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 12
BP 5428
EP 5434
DI 10.1021/jf900245f
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 460JK
UT WOS:000267183800047
PM 19459700
ER
PT J
AU Lee, ST
Davis, TZ
Gardner, DR
Stegelmeier, BL
Evans, TJ
AF Lee, Stephen T.
Davis, T. Zane
Gardner, Dale R.
Stegelmeier, Bryan L.
Evans, Tim J.
TI Quantitative Method for the Measurement of Three Benzofuran Ketones in
Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) and White Snakeroot (Ageratina
altissima) by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Rayless goldenrod; Haplopappus heterophyllus; Isocoma wrightii; Isocoma
pluriflora; white snakeroot; Eupatorium rugosum; Eupatorium
urticaefolium; Ageratina altissima; tremetone; dehydrotremetone;
3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone
ID EUPATORIUM URTICAEFOLIUM; TOXIC CONSTITUENT; RUGOSUM
AB White snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) and rayless goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) can cause "trembles" and "milk sickness-in livestock and humans; respectively. Tremetol, a complex mixture of sterols and derivatives of methyl ketone benzofuran has been extracted from white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod and is reported to be the toxic substance in plant material. In this study, the three major benzofuran ketones, tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone, were isolated from rayless goldenrod. Using these compounds as standards, a quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to measure these compounds in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod. Concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone were found to vary considerably among the different white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod plant collections. Differences in concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod plants may explain the historical sporadic and unpredictable toxicity of these plants to livestock and humans.
C1 [Lee, Stephen T.; Davis, T. Zane; Gardner, Dale R.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA.
[Evans, Tim J.] Univ Missouri, Vet Med Diagnost Lab, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Lee, ST (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA.
EM stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov
NR 10
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 12
BP 5639
EP 5643
DI 10.1021/jf900781j
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 460JK
UT WOS:000267183800075
PM 19480385
ER
PT J
AU Curkovic, T
Brunner, JF
Landolt, PJ
AF Curkovic, Tomislav
Brunner, Jay F.
Landolt, Peter J.
TI Field and laboratory responses of male leaf roller moths, Choristoneura
rosaceana and Pandemis pyrusana, to pheromone concentrations in an
attracticide paste formulation
SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE inhibitory threshold; septa; source contact; wind tunnel
ID ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH; SEX-PHEROMONE; APPLE ORCHARDS; CYDIA-POMONELLA;
GYPSY-MOTH; LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; COMPONENTS; LEAFROLLER; THRESHOLD
AB Male leafroller moths, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Pandemis pyrusana (Kearfott), were evaluated for responses to a paste formulation loaded with a range of concentrations of the two species' pheromone blends and evaluated in a laboratory wind tunnel and in the field. Response criteria were flight, flight towards the pheromone source, and contact with the pheromone source for the wind tunnel assays, and capture of moths in traps for the field tests. In the wind tunnel and field, responses of males of both species to the paste generally increased as the pheromone concentration in the paste was increased. There was little response by either species to paste with less than 0.16% pheromone. The relationship between pheromone concentration and response for P. pyrusana was linear and for C. rosaceana was sinusoidal over the range of pheromone concentrations tested. These patterns were seen both in the wind tunnel and in the field. Initial release rates from the paste of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate, the main component of the pheromone blends of both species was 3.6-3.8 ng/h. Inhibitory thresholds for responses were not reached for either species, using pheromone concentrations as high as 16%, in either the wind tunnel or the field. For both species, response of males to rubber septa with one mg pheromone loads was similar to the response to the paste with pheromone at concentrations greater than 3-4%. For C. rosaceana, rates of contact with the paste in the wind tunnel were statistically similar to rates of contact in response to conspecific females, with paste pheromone concentrations above 1.6%. Response rates for males of P. pyrusana were significantly lower to the paste than to conspecific females at all paste pheromone concentrations tested. Overall, the optimum pheromone concentration in the paste for moth attraction to contact was 3.2% for C. rosaceana and 8% for P. pyrusana.
C1 [Curkovic, Tomislav] Univ Chile, Dept Sanidad Vegetal, Fac Ciencias Agron, Santiago 1004, Chile.
[Brunner, Jay F.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA.
[Landolt, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Curkovic, T (reprint author), Univ Chile, Dept Sanidad Vegetal, Fac Ciencias Agron, Santiago 1004, Chile.
EM tcurkovi@uchile.cl; jfb@wsu.edu; insects@yarl.ars.usda.gov
RI Curkovic, Tomislav/I-1686-2013
FU Agricultural Research Center; Washington State University, Pullman, WA;
Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission; Washington Commission on
Pesticide Registration
FX This research was partially supported by Agricultural Research Center,
Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Additional funding was
provided by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission and from the
Washington Commission on Pesticide Registration.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU UNIV ARIZONA
PI TUCSON
PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA
SN 1536-2442
J9 J INSECT SCI
JI J Insect Sci.
PD JUN 24
PY 2009
VL 9
AR 45
PG 14
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 462ME
UT WOS:000267356400001
PM 19619030
ER
PT J
AU Duke, SO
AF Duke, Stephen O.
TI Parasitic weeds, a scientific challenge
SO CHEMISTRY & INDUSTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID RESISTANCE; OROBANCHE; TARGET
C1 USDA ARS, Oxford, MS USA.
RP Duke, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Oxford, MS USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SOC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
PI LONDON
PA 14 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PS, ENGLAND
SN 0009-3068
J9 CHEM IND-LONDON
JI Chem. Ind.
PD JUN 22
PY 2009
IS 12
BP 21
EP 21
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Applied
SC Chemistry
GA 467HR
UT WOS:000267729800018
ER
PT J
AU Rabaglia, RJ
Vandenberg, NJ
Acciavatti, RE
AF Rabaglia, Robert J.
Vandenberg, Natalia J.
Acciavatti, Robert E.
TI First records of Anisandrus maiche Stark (Coleoptera: Curculionidae:
Scolytinae) from North America
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Scolytidae; Xyleborina; Anisandrus maiche;
new North American record; exotic species
ID XYLEBORINA COLEOPTERA; AMBROSIA BEETLE; KEY
AB Anisandrus maiche Stark, an ambrosia beetle native to Asia, is reported for the first time in North America based on specimens from Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia. This is the twentieth species of exotic Xyleborina documented in North America. This species, along with three others occurring in North America, were formerly placed in Xyleborus Eichhoff, but currently are assigned to Anisandrus Ferrari. Descriptions of generic characters used to separate Anisandrus from Xyleborus, a re-description of the female A. maiche, and an illustrated key to the four North American species of Anisandrus are presented.
C1 [Rabaglia, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA.
[Vandenberg, Natalia J.] Agr Res Serv, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Acciavatti, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Rabaglia, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 1601 N Kent St,RPC-7, Arlington, VA 22209 USA.
EM brabaglia@fs.fed.us
FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Early Detection and Rapid
Response
FX We express our appreciation to the following people: Robert Androw
(CMNH), Pittsburgh, PA, for first recognizing specimens of an unknown
Xyleborina in the samples from Moon Township, Allegheny County,
Pennsylvania; Frank Salantri, USDA APHIS, for forwarding the specimens
to NJV; Michail Mandelshtam, Russian Academy of Sciences, St.
Petersburg, for confirming the identity of a sample of A. maiche from
North America and providing useful bibliographic references on this
species; Sven-Erik Spichiger, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture for
the 2008 Pennsylvania Records; Elisabeth Roberts for making digital
images used in producing some of the Photoshop illustrations; USDA
Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Early Detection and Rapid
Response project for funding the delimiting surveys in PA, OH and WV.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD JUN 22
PY 2009
IS 2137
BP 23
EP 28
PG 6
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 461QC
UT WOS:000267282500002
ER
PT J
AU Boutanaev, AM
Postnikova, OA
Nemchinov, LG
AF Boutanaev, Alexander M.
Postnikova, Olga A.
Nemchinov, Lev G.
TI Mapping of heterologous expressed sequence tags as an alternative to
microarrays for study of defense responses in plants
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CUCUMBER MOSAIC-VIRUS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE;
DIVERGENCE; INFECTION; GENES
AB Background: Microarray technology helped to accumulate an immense pool of data on gene expression changes in response to different environmental factors. Yet, computer-generated gene profiling using expressed sequence tags (EST) represents a valuable alternative to microarrays, which allows efficient discovery of homologous sequences in evolutionarily different species and comparison of gene sets on the whole genome scale. In this study, we used publicly available EST database derived from different plant species infected with a variety of pathogens, to generate an expression profile of homologous genes involved in defense response of a model organism, Arabidopsis thaliana.
Results: EST-driven prediction identified 4,935 genes (16% of the total Arabidopsis genome) which, according to the origin of EST sets, were associated with defense responses in the reference genome. Profiles of defense-related genes, obtained by mapping of heterologous EST, represent putative Arabidopsis homologs of the corresponding species. Comparison of these profiles in pairs and locating common genes allowed estimating similarity between defense-related gene sets of different plant species. To experimentally support computer data, we arbitrarily selected a number of transcription factor genes (TF) detected by EST mapping. Their expression levels were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction during infection with yellow strain of Cucumber mosaic virus, a compatible virus systemically infecting Arabidopsis. We observed that 65% of the designated TF were upregulated in accordance with the EST-generated profile.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that heterologous EST mapping may be efficiently used to reveal genes involved in host defense responses to pathogens. Upregulated genes identified in this study substantially overlap with those previously obtained by microarrays.
C1 [Boutanaev, Alexander M.; Postnikova, Olga A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Basic Biol Problems, Pushchino 142292, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Boutanaev, Alexander M.; Nemchinov, Lev G.] USDA ARS, Inst Plant Sci, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Boutanaev, AM (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Basic Biol Problems, 2 Inst St, Pushchino 142292, Moscow Region, Russia.
EM Boutanaev@mail.ru; Boutanaev@mail.ru; Lev.Nemchinov@ars.usda.gov
FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
FX We are thankful to Hideki Takahashi of Tohoku University, Japan for
providing CMV(Y) strain and specific antibodies to it, to Charles Murphy
of BARC Electron Microscopy Unit, USDA/ARS, for his help with EM of
viral preparations and to John Hammond of Floral and Nursery Plants
Research Unit, The US National Arboretum, USDA/ARS, for critical reading
of the manuscript and valuable comments. This work has been supported by
the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service.
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD JUN 18
PY 2009
VL 10
AR 273
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-10-273
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 480RE
UT WOS:000268753700003
PM 19538747
ER
PT J
AU Weber, DC
Lundgren, JG
AF Weber, Donald C.
Lundgren, Jonathan G.
TI Detection of predation using qPCR: Effect of prey quantity, elapsed
time, chaser diet, and sample preservation on detectable quantity of
prey DNA
SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ladybeetle; leaf beetle; Colorado potato beetle; molecular ecology; gut
analysis; Coleomegilla; Leptinotarsa; Coccinellidae; Chrysomelidae;
generalist predators; biological control
ID GUT-CONTENT-ANALYSIS; COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; GENERALIST PREDATORS;
MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SECONDARY PREDATION; CARABID PREDATOR; CONTENT
ELISA; PCR; QUANTIFICATION; REMAINS
AB Using quantitative PCR that amplified a prey-specific mtDNA 214 bp amplicon from the COI mitochondrial gene of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), prey eggs of known age and number were fed to larvae of the generalist predator lady beetle Coleomegilla maculata (De Geer) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), to elucidate the effects of time and diet since consumption, number of prey eggs, and methods for sample fixation and preservation, on the quantity of target DNA detected. Signal was strongly attenuated directly after cessation of feeding, even when predators were immediately frozen at -20 degrees C. However, the quantity of target detected was significantly related to the number of eggs consumed and the time elapsed since eating. Decrease in detected prey DNA was consistent with a negative exponential model. The target DNA sequence disappeared from starved predators (quantitative half-life estimate of 59 min) more slowly than those fed potato aphids after consuming the target prey eggs (half-life estimate 16 min), whereas those fed C. maculata eggs as a chaser were intermediate in the rate at which they degraded the target prey DNA sequence. Fixative protocols are of critical importance in proper use of the qPCR technique. Among seven methods tested, storing the predator immediately in 70% ethanol prechilled to -20 degrees C yielded the highest amount of target sequence, 22.8% of that recovered directly from a single intact prey egg. Samples frozen without solvent at -80 degrees C and -20 degrees C yielded only 6.0% and 2.3% of the target DNA respectively, and room temperature ethanol and ethylene glycol-based antifreeze averaged below 1% recovery of target DNA. Nevertheless, target prey was detected in more than 80% of antifreeze-stored predators. Predators killed and held at room temperature for 4 h or 5 days yielded no target prey DNA in 18 of 20 cases. These results emphasize both the value and the complexities of application of the qPCR technique to field predation studies.
C1 [Weber, Donald C.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
RP Weber, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W 011A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Don.Weber@ars.usda.gov; Jonathan.Lundgren@ars.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 33
PU UNIV ARIZONA
PI TUCSON
PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA
SN 1536-2442
J9 J INSECT SCI
JI J Insect Sci.
PD JUN 18
PY 2009
VL 9
AR 41
PG 12
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 462LZ
UT WOS:000267355700001
PM 19619033
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Lindholm, JR
Willis, DK
Orth, A
Goodman, WG
AF Wang, Jun
Lindholm, Joliene R.
Willis, David K.
Orth, Anthony
Goodman, Walter G.
TI Juvenile hormone regulation of Drosophila Epac-A guanine nucleotide
exchange factor
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantitative real-time RT-PCR; Epac; GEF; JH; Methoprene; Methyl
farnesoate; Bisepoxy JH III; 20-Hydroxyecdysone
ID ENDOTHELIAL BARRIER FUNCTION; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; CYCLIC-AMP;
BINDING-PROTEIN; SIGNALING PATHWAY; CELL-ADHESION; GALLERIA-MELLONELLA;
COUPLED RECEPTORS; NUCLEAR RECEPTOR; RESPONSE ELEMENT
AB Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to characterize the effects of juvenile hormone (JH) on Epac (Exchange Protein directly Activated by Cyclic AMP: NM_001103732), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap1 in Drosophila S2 cells. JH treatment led to a rapid, dose-dependent increase in Epac relative expression ratio (RER) when compared to treatment with methyl linoleate (MLA) that lacks biological activity. The minimal level of hormone needed to elicit a response was 100 ng/ml. Time-course studies indicated a significant rise in the RER 1 h after treatment. S2 cells were challenged with 20-hydroxyecdysone and a series of compounds similar in structure to JH to determine the specificity of the response. Methoprene and JH III displayed the greatest increases in RER. Late third instar (96 h) Drosophila were exposed to diet containing methoprene (500 ng/g diet); significantly higher RERs for Epac were observed 12 h after exposure. JH had no effect on Epac RERs in the human cell line HEK-293. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Jun; Lindholm, Joliene R.; Goodman, Walter G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Willis, David K.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS Vegetable Crops Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Orth, Anthony] Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA 92162 USA.
RP Goodman, WG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, 237 Russell Labs,1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM goodman@entomology.wisc.edu
FU Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station [WIS0122]
FX The authors thank Ms. Hedda Goodman for reading the manuscript. We also
thank Profs. L.I. Gilbert and Y.C. Toong for various compounds and Prof.
C. Cirelli for the culture of wild-type Drosophila. This work was funded
by in part by the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station (WIS0122)
(WGG) and the Alex and Lillian Feir Distinguished Graduate Fellowship
(JW).
NR 73
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0303-7207
J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL
JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
PD JUN 16
PY 2009
VL 305
IS 1-2
BP 30
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.mce.2009.02.002
PG 8
WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 455HU
UT WOS:000266750200005
PM 19433259
ER
PT J
AU Smith, TJ
Pikosky, MA
Grediagin, A
Castaneda-Sceppa, C
Byerley, LO
Glickman, EL
Young, AJ
AF Smith, Tracey J.
Pikosky, Matthew A.
Grediagin, Ann
Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen
Byerley, Lauri O.
Glickman, Ellen L.
Young, Andrew J.
TI Aerobic fitness does not modulate protein metabolism in response to
increased exercise: a controlled trial
SO NUTRITION & METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
ID WHOLE-BODY; LEUCINE OXIDATION; NITROGEN-BALANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE;
ENDURANCE EXERCISE; HEALTHY-ADULTS; HAND VEIN; YOUNG MEN; FED-STATE;
TURNOVER
AB Background: A sudden increase in exercise and energy expenditure is associated with an increase in protein turnover and nitrogen excretion. This study examined how a sudden increase in exercise-induced energy expenditure affected whole body protein metabolism and nitrogen balance in people of differing levels of aerobic fitness. We hypothesized that alterations in whole-body protein turnover would be attenuated, and nitrogen balance would be preserved, in individual with higher levels of aerobic fitness.
Methods: Eleven men, categorized as either having a lower (LOW-FIT; n = 5) or higher (FIT; n = 6) aerobic fitness level, completed a 4-d baseline period (BL) of an energy balance diet while maintaining usual physical activity level, followed by a 7-d intervention consisting of 1,000 kcal.d(-1) increased energy expenditure via exercise (50-65% VO(2peak)). All volunteers consumed 0.9 g protein.kg(-1).d(-1) and total energy intake was adjusted to maintain energy balance throughout the 11-d study. Mean nitrogen balance (NBAL) was determined for BL, days 5-8 (EX1), and days 9-11 (EX2). Whole-body protein turnover was derived from phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics assessed while fasting at rest on days 4, 7, and 12 using a priming dose of L-[ring-(15)N] tyrosine and a 4-h primed, continuous infusion of L-[(15)N] phenylalanine and L-[ring-(2)H(4)] tyrosine.
Results: A significant main effect of time indicated that NBAL increased over the course of the intervention; however, a group-by-time interaction was not observed. Although FIT demonstrated a lower net protein oxidation and higher net protein balance compared to LOW-FIT, neither the effect of time nor a group-by-time interaction was significant for Phe flux, net protein oxidation, or derived whole-body protein synthesis and net protein balance.
Conclusion: The absence of significant group-by-time interactions in protein metabolism (i.e., NBAL and whole-body protein turnover) between LOW-FIT and FIT males suggest that aerobic fitness level does not modulate protein "sparing" in response to an unaccustomed increase in energy expenditure.
C1 [Smith, Tracey J.; Pikosky, Matthew A.; Grediagin, Ann; Glickman, Ellen L.; Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA.
[Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Byerley, Lauri O.] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA.
RP Smith, TJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA.
EM Tracey.j.Smith@us.army.mil; mpikosky@rosedmi.com; ann.gred@gmail.com;
c.sceppa@neu.edu; lbyerl@lsuhsc.edu; EGLICKMA@kent.edu;
Andrew.young@amedd.army.mil
FU United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
FX Disclosure of funding: this work was funded by the United States Army
Medical Research and Materiel Command
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1743-7075
J9 NUTR METAB
JI Nutr. Metab.
PD JUN 16
PY 2009
VL 6
AR 28
DI 10.1186/1743-7075-6-28
PG 10
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 475EF
UT WOS:000268340500001
PM 19531244
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, DM
Hellmann, JJ
McLachlan, JS
Sax, DF
Schwartz, MW
Gonzalez, P
Brennan, EJ
Camacho, A
Root, TL
Sala, OE
Schneider, SH
Ashe, DM
Clark, JR
Early, R
Etterson, JR
Fielder, ED
Gill, JL
Minteer, BA
Polasky, S
Safford, HD
Thompson, AR
Vellend, M
AF Richardson, David M.
Hellmann, Jessica J.
McLachlan, Jason S.
Sax, Dov F.
Schwartz, Mark W.
Gonzalez, Patrick
Brennan, E. Jean
Camacho, Alejandro
Root, Terry L.
Sala, Osvaldo E.
Schneider, Stephen H.
Ashe, Daniel M.
Clark, Jamie Rappaport
Early, Regan
Etterson, Julie R.
Fielder, E. Dwight
Gill, Jacquelyn L.
Minteer, Ben A.
Polasky, Stephen
Safford, Hugh D.
Thompson, Andrew R.
Vellend, Mark
TI Multidimensional evaluation of managed relocation
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE assisted migration; climate change; conservation biology; conservation
strategy; sustainability science
ID ASSISTED COLONIZATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MIGRATION; DEBATE
AB Managed relocation (MR) has rapidly emerged as a potential intervention strategy in the toolbox of biodiversity management under climate change. Previous authors have suggested that MR (also referred to as assisted colonization, assisted migration, or assisted translocation) could be a last-alternative option after interrogating a linear decision tree. We argue that numerous interacting and value-laden considerations demand a more inclusive strategy for evaluating MR. The pace of modern climate change demands decision making with imperfect information, and tools that elucidate this uncertainty and integrate scientific information and social values are urgently needed. We present a heuristic tool that incorporates both ecological and social criteria in a multidimensional decision-making framework. For visualization purposes, we collapse these criteria into 4 classes that can be depicted in graphical 2-D space. This framework offers a pragmatic approach for summarizing key dimensions of MR: capturing uncertainty in the evaluation criteria, creating transparency in the evaluation process, and recognizing the inherent tradeoffs that different stakeholders bring to evaluation of MR and its alternatives.
C1 [Richardson, David M.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa.
[Hellmann, Jessica J.; McLachlan, Jason S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Sax, Dov F.; Sala, Osvaldo E.; Early, Regan] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Schwartz, Mark W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Gonzalez, Patrick] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Forestry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Clark, Jamie Rappaport] Defenders Wildlife, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Camacho, Alejandro] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame Law Sch, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Root, Terry L.; Schneider, Stephen H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Root, Terry L.; Schneider, Stephen H.] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ashe, Daniel M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC 20240 USA.
[Etterson, Julie R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA.
[Fielder, E. Dwight] Bur Land Management, Div Fish Wildlife & Plant Conservat, Washington, DC 20240 USA.
[Gill, Jacquelyn L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Minteer, Ben A.] Arizona State Univ, Human Dimens Biol Fac, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Polasky, Stephen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ & Ecol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Polasky, Stephen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Evolut, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Polasky, Stephen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Safford, Hugh D.] USDA Forest Serv, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Thompson, Andrew R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA.
[Vellend, Mark] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Vellend, Mark] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
RP Richardson, DM (reprint author), Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa.
EM rich@sun.ac.za
RI Early, Regan/A-5442-2010; Richardson, David/A-1495-2008; Schwartz,
Mark/G-1066-2011; GIll, Jacquelyn/F-1454-2011; Gonzalez,
Patrick/B-9479-2013;
OI Richardson, David/0000-0001-9574-8297; Schwartz,
Mark/0000-0002-3739-6542; Gonzalez, Patrick/0000-0002-7105-0561; Early,
Regan/0000-0003-4108-5904; Camacho, Alejandro/0000-0002-8782-6870
FU National Science Foundation [0741792, 0741921]; DST-NRF Centre of
Excellence for Invasion Biology; Cedar Tree Foundation
FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grants DEB
0741792 and 0741921 in support of the Managed Relocation Working Group,
DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology (D. M. R), and a Cedar
Tree Foundation grant.
NR 21
TC 179
Z9 184
U1 8
U2 121
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 16
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 24
BP 9721
EP 9724
DI 10.1073/pnas.0902327106
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 458TD
UT WOS:000267045500033
PM 19509337
ER
PT J
AU Tian, F
Stevens, NM
Buckler, ES
AF Tian, Feng
Stevens, Natalie M.
Buckler, Edward S.
TI Tracking footprints of maize domestication and evidence for a massive
selective sweep on chromosome 10
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID DNA-SEQUENCE POLYMORPHISM; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI;
DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ZEA GRAMINEAE; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; MOLECULAR
EVOLUTION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES; LINKAGE
DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE
AB Maize domestication is one of the greatest feats of artificial selection and evolution, wherein a weedy plant in Central Mexico was converted through human-mediated selection into the most productive crop in the world. In fact, the changes were so astounding that it took much of the last century to identify modern maize's true ancestor. Through modern genetic studies, the molecular basis of this evolution is being unraveled. Maize's new morphology and adaptation to diverse environments required selection at thousands of loci, and we are beginning to understand the magnitude and rates of these genetic changes. Most of the known major genes have experienced strong selection, but only small regions surrounding the selected genes exhibit substantially reduced genetic diversity. Here, we report the discovery of a large region on chromosome 10 involved in adaptation or domestication that has been the target of strong selection during maize domestication. Unlike previously described regions in the maize genome, 1.1 Mb and > 15 genes lost genetic diversity during selection at this region. Finally, the prospects of a detailed understanding of maize evolution are discussed with consideration of both top-down and bottom-up approaches.
C1 [Tian, Feng; Stevens, Natalie M.; Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Buckler, Edward S.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
RP Buckler, ES (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
EM esb33@cornell.edu
OI Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X
FU U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; National
Science Foundation [DBI-0321467, DBI-0820619]
FX We thank Carlyn Buckler, Peter Bradbury, Jason Peiffer, Pat Brown, Rob
Elshire, Elhan Ersoz, Sean Myles, Michelle Denton, Joan Zhao, and Linda
Rigamer Lirette for excellent comments and editorial assistance. This
work was supported by the U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural
Research Service and National Science Foundation Grants DBI-0321467 and
DBI-0820619.
NR 89
TC 57
Z9 59
U1 1
U2 26
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUN 16
PY 2009
VL 106
BP 9979
EP 9986
DI 10.1073/pnas.0901122106
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 458TP
UT WOS:000267046700007
PM 19528660
ER
PT J
AU Sanchez, JM
Caselles, V
Niclos, R
Coll, C
Kustas, WP
AF Sanchez, J. M.
Caselles, V.
Niclos, R.
Coll, C.
Kustas, W. P.
TI Estimating energy balance fluxes above a boreal forest from radiometric
temperature observations
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE STSEB model; Energy fluxes; Boreal forest; Energy balance closure;
Canopy temperature
ID SOIL HEAT-FLUX; LAND-SURFACE EMISSIVITY; PINE FOREST;
SEASONAL-VARIATION; EXCHANGE-RATES; NET-RADIATION; LONG-TERM; MODEL;
VEGETATION; CANOPY
AB The great areal extent of boreal forests confers these ecosystems potential to impact on the global surface-atmosphere energy exchange. A modelling approach, based on a Simplified two-source energy balance model, was proposed to estimate energy balance fluxes above boreal forests using thermal infrared measurements. Half-hourly data from the Solar-Induced Fluorescence Experiment, carried out in a Finnish boreal forest, was used to evaluate the performance of the model. Energy balance closure, determined by linear regression, found all fluxes to underestimate available energy by 9% (r(2) = 0.94). Significance in the energy balance of the heat storage in the air and in the soil terms was also analyzed. Canopy temperatures, measured by a CIMEL Electronique CE 312 radiometer, together with ancillary meteorological variables and vegetation characteristics, were used to run the model. Comparison with ground measurements showed errors lower than +/- 15 W m(-2) for the retrieval of net radiation, soil heat flux and storage heat flux, and about +/- 50 W m(-2) for the sensible and latent heat fluxes. A sensitivity analysis of the approach to typical operational uncertainties in the required inputs was conducted showing the necessity of accurate measurements of the target radiometric surface temperature. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sanchez, J. M.; Caselles, V.; Niclos, R.; Coll, C.] Univ Valencia, Earth Phys & Thermodynam Dept, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain.
[Kustas, W. P.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Sanchez, JM (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Earth Phys & Thermodynam Dept, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain.
EM Juan.M.Sanchez@uv.es
RI Niclos, Raquel/B-3171-2010; Coll, Cesar/I-7373-2015; Sanchez, Juan
Manuel/F-5807-2016
OI Niclos, Raquel/0000-0001-6630-7118; Coll, Cesar/0000-0001-6665-3870;
Sanchez, Juan Manuel/0000-0003-1027-9351
FU Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [CGL2004-06099-C03-01,
CGL2007-64666_CLI]; European Union [CGI.2005-24207-E/CLI,
CGL2006-27067-E/CLI]; Juan de la Cierva Research; University of Valencia
FX This work was funded by the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (Projects
CGL2004-06099-C03-01 and CGL2007-64666_CLI, cofinanced with European
Union FEDER funds, Acciones Complementarias CGI.2005-24207-E/CLI and
CGL2006-27067-E/CLI, and Juan de la Cierva Research Grant of Dr.
Niclos), and the University of Valencia (V Segles Research Grant of Mr.
J.M. Sanchez). The valuable remarks and suggestions of Dr. E. Valor
(University of Valencia), Dr. M.C. Anderson (HydroLab, USDA-ARS), and
Dr. T. Laurila (Finnish Meteorological institute) are also appreciated.
NR 57
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 149
IS 6-7
BP 1037
EP 1049
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.12.009
PG 13
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 435SP
UT WOS:000265363900014
ER
PT J
AU Cosh, MH
Kabela, ED
Hornbuckle, B
Gleason, ML
Jackson, TJ
Prueger, JH
AF Cosh, Michael H.
Kabela, Erik D.
Hornbuckle, Brian
Gleason, Mark L.
Jackson, Thomas J.
Prueger, John H.
TI Observations of dew amount using in situ and satellite measurements in
an agricultural landscape
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Leaf wetness; Dew; Electronic sensors; Corn; Soybeans
ID PASSIVE MICROWAVE OBSERVATIONS; WATER; CANOPY; PERFORMANCE; DURATION;
CORN
AB Estimating the amount of water on leaf surfaces is an increasing concern for remote sensing and hydrology. Measuring the magnitude and spatial extent of leaf wetness events will provide useful information for water and energy balance modeling and remote sensing. As part of the Soil Moisture Experiments 2005 (SMEX05), the temporal and spatial characterization of leaf wetness over a heterogeneous agricultural domain was investigated. Leaf wetness sensors and physical measurements were collected from 15 June to 3 July 2005 in and around the Walnut Creek Watershed near Ames, Iowa, USA. Comparison of the results of the in situ leaf wetness sensor measurements and the physical sampling revealed a moderate correlation for both corn (Zea mays L) and soybeans (Glycine max Merr.). Regression equations were developed to estimate leaf wetness quantity from these leaf wetness sensors and combined with a vegetation leaf area index map to produce a spatial leaf wetness product hourly during the experiment with an error of approximately 0.05 kg/(m(2) LAI). Using this strategy, future efforts in spatial hydrologic modeling and remote sensing would be able to incorporate quantitative estimates of leaf wetness amount in watershed scale studies using only in situ measurements. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Cosh, Michael H.; Jackson, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Kabela, Erik D.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
[Hornbuckle, Brian; Gleason, Mark L.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Prueger, John H.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Cosh, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Michael.Cosh@ars.usda.gov
RI Cosh, MIchael/A-8858-2015
OI Cosh, MIchael/0000-0003-4776-1918
FU NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program; NASA Aqua AMSR-E Validation Program
FX The authors would like to thank the many scientists and students who
participated in the development and execution of the SMEX05 Experiment.
We would also like to thank Tim Hart, without whose help the experiment
would not have been possible. SMEX05 ground sampling was supported by
the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program and NASA Aqua AMSR-E Validation
Program.
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
EI 1873-2240
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 149
IS 6-7
BP 1082
EP 1086
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.01.004
PG 5
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 435SP
UT WOS:000265363900018
ER
PT J
AU Malone, RW
Meek, DW
Hatfield, JL
Mann, ME
Jaquis, RJ
Ma, L
AF Malone, R. W.
Meek, D. W.
Hatfield, J. L.
Mann, M. E.
Jaquis, R. J.
Ma, L.
TI Quasi-biennial corn yield cycles in Iowa
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE QBO; NAO; ENSO; SOI; Nitrate leaching; Corn production; Climate;
Multitaper spectral analysis
ID CLIMATIC TIME-SERIES; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SOLAR-RADIATION; MAIZE
YIELD; CROP-YIELD; VARIABILITY; WEATHER; TEMPERATURE; PRECIPITATION;
PREDICTION
AB Quasi-biennial cycles are often reported in climate studies. The interannual El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are two phenomena containing quasi-periodicities of approximately 2.5 and 2.2 years. It is known that ENSO affects corn yield through weather patterns, NAO affects surface temperature and cloudiness, and surface temperature, rainfall, and radiation affect corn yield. However, a quasi-biennial pattern in corn yield and the combined effect of several climate signals on long-term U.S. corn yield are not known. Here we show statistically significant 2-3 year periods in long-term corn yield from one of the world's most important corn producing regions, High (low) yields are due in part to high (low) surface radiation and low (high) temperature early in the corn growing season coupled with sufficient (insufficient) rainfall later in the growing season. A statistical model we developed using three climate indices accounts for 54% of the interannual variation in Iowa corn yield. The most significant periodicities found in the model's spectrum are similar to the quasi-biennial periodicities in observed corn yield. We classify Iowa corn yield from several regional datasets (19602006) for 'low yield' and 'high yield' conditions as predicted by the model. The difference between observed corn yields for 'high' and 'low' yielding years was 19% (p = 0.0001). The results demonstrate a quasi-biennial pattern in long-term Iowa corn yield related to large-scale climate variability. This knowledge Could lead to models that help guide springtime agricultural management decisions that improve profitability and reduce nitrate flux to groundwater, streams, rivers, and coastal oceans. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Malone, R. W.; Meek, D. W.; Hatfield, J. L.; Jaquis, R. J.] USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Agr Res Serv, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Mann, M. E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Mann, M. E.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ma, L.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Malone, RW (reprint author), USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Agr Res Serv, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM rob.malone@ars.usda.gov
RI Mann, Michael/B-8472-2017
OI Mann, Michael/0000-0003-3067-296X
NR 47
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
EI 1873-2240
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 149
IS 6-7
BP 1087
EP 1094
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.01.009
PG 8
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 435SP
UT WOS:000265363900019
ER
PT J
AU Yang, Y
Timlin, DJ
Fleisher, DH
Kim, SH
Quebedeauxc, B
Reddy, VR
AF Yang, Y.
Timlin, D. J.
Fleisher, D. H.
Kim, S. -H.
Quebedeauxc, B.
Reddy, V. R.
TI Simulating leaf area of corn plants at contrasting water status
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Drought stress; Leaf area; Corn; Crop modeling
ID CONTROLLED-ENVIRONMENT CHAMBERS; MAIZE ZEA-MAYS; EVAPORATIVE DEMAND;
OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT; EXPANSION RATE; GROWTH-RATE; LEAVES; MODEL;
POTENTIALS; SOIL
AB An exponential decay function was fitted with literature data to describe the decrease in corn leaf expansion rate as predawn leaf water potential decreases. The fitted function was then applied to modify an existing leaf area simulation module in a soil-plant-atmosphere continuum corn Simulation model (MaizSim) in order to simulate leaf area of corn plants at different water Status. Data were collected from field for two years as well as from sunlit growth chambers located at USDA-ARS facilities in Beltsville, MD with different irrigation frequencies. Comparison among simulations and measurements indicated that the modified leaf area module improved leaf area simulation for corn plant under different drought stress. For plants under more severe drought stress, the improvement in leaf area simulation was more significant. These results suggested that the modified leaf area model presented an approach to mechanistically link corn leaf area with corn plant water status, and was suitable for integration with existing corn models that simulate corn leaf area. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yang, Y.] Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, USDA, Queenstown, MD USA.
[Timlin, D. J.; Fleisher, D. H.; Reddy, V. R.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Quebedeauxc, B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, S. -H.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Yang, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, USDA, Queenstown, MD USA.
EM Yang.Yang@ars.usda.gov
RI Kim, Soo-Hyung/A-3012-2009
OI Kim, Soo-Hyung/0000-0003-3879-4080
NR 44
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 149
IS 6-7
BP 1161
EP 1167
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.02.005
PG 7
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 435SP
UT WOS:000265363900026
ER
PT J
AU Vanden Wymelenberg, A
Gaskell, J
Mozuch, M
Kersten, P
Sabat, G
Martinez, D
Cullen, D
AF Vanden Wymelenberg, Amber
Gaskell, Jill
Mozuch, Mike
Kersten, Phil
Sabat, Grzegorz
Martinez, Diego
Cullen, Dan
TI Transcriptome and Secretome Analyses of Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Reveal Complex Patterns of Gene Expression
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGNIN-DEGRADING ENZYME; GLYOXAL OXIDASE; CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE;
SPOROTRICHUM-PULVERULENTUM; EXTRACELLULAR PROTEINS; ALCOHOL OXIDASE;
PEROXIDASE; FAMILY; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION
AB The wood decay basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium was grown under standard ligninolytic or cellulolytic conditions and subjected to whole-genome expression microarray analysis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of extracellular proteins. A total of 545 genes were flagged on the basis of significant changes in transcript accumulation and/or peptide sequences of the secreted proteins. Under nitrogen or carbon limitation, lignin and manganese peroxidase expression increased relative to nutrient replete medium. Various extracellular oxidases were also secreted in these media, supporting a physiological connection based on peroxide generation. Numerous genes presumed to be involved in mobilizing and recycling nitrogen were expressed under nitrogen limitation, and among these were several secreted glutamic acid proteases not previously observed. In medium containing microcrystalline cellulose as the sole carbon source, numerous genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes were upregulated. Among these were six members of the glycoside hydrolase family 61, as well as several polysaccharide lyases and carbohydrate esterases. Presenting a daunting challenge for future research, more than 190 upregulated genes are predicted to encode proteins of unknown function. Of these hypothetical proteins, approximately one-third featured predicted secretion signals, and 54 encoded proteins detected in extracellular filtrates. Our results affirm the importance of certain oxidative enzymes and, underscoring the complexity of lignocellulose degradation, also support an important role for many new proteins of unknown function.
C1 [Gaskell, Jill; Mozuch, Mike; Kersten, Phil; Cullen, Dan] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Vanden Wymelenberg, Amber] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Sabat, Grzegorz] Univ Wisconsin, Genet & Biotechnol Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Martinez, Diego] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Cullen, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM dcullen@facstaff.wisc.edu
FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research,
Education and Extension Service [2007-35504-18257]; U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-FG02-87ER13712]; National Institutes of Health [GM060201]
FX This study was supported by National Research Initiative of the USDA
Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant
2007-35504-18257 to the Forest Products Laboratory; by U.S. Department
of Energy grant DE-FG02-87ER13712 to the University of
Wisconsin-Madison; and by National Institutes of Health grant GM060201
to the University of New Mexico.
NR 60
TC 56
Z9 56
U1 4
U2 30
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 12
BP 4058
EP 4068
DI 10.1128/AEM.00314-09
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 455RP
UT WOS:000266782300028
PM 19376920
ER
PT J
AU Dayan, FE
Cantrell, CL
Duke, SO
AF Dayan, Franck E.
Cantrell, Charles L.
Duke, Stephen O.
TI Natural products in crop protection
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE Natural pesticide; Sustainable agriculture; Natural herbicide; Natural
fungicide; Natural insecticide; Essential oils; Biological control;
Triketone; Corn gluten; Momilactone; Sorgoleone; Bialaphos; Spinosad;
Avermectins; Milbemycins; Ryania; Sabadilla; Chitin; Harpin;
Strobilurins
ID P-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE; CORN GLUTEN HYDROLYSATE;
ECHINOCHLOA-CRUS-GALLI; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; LOLIUM-PERENNE L;
SORGHUM-BICOLOR; ESSENTIAL OILS; POWDERY MILDEW; MOMILACTONE-B; ROOT
EXUDATE
AB The tremendous increase in crop yields associated with the 'green' revolution has been possible in part by the discovery and utilization of chemicals for pest control. However, concerns over the potential impact of pesticides on human health and the environment has led to the introduction of new pesticide registration procedures, such as the Food Quality Protection Act in the United States. These new regulations have reduced the number of synthetic pesticides available in agriculture. Therefore, the current paradigm of relying almost exclusively on chemicals for pest control may need to be reconsidered. New pesticides, including natural product-based pesticides are being discovered and developed to replace the compounds lost due to the new registration requirements. This review covers the historical use of natural products in agricultural practices, the impact of natural products on the development of new pesticides, and the future prospects for natural products-based pest management. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Cantrell, Charles L.; Duke, Stephen O.] Agr Res Serv, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA.
RP Dayan, FE (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA.
EM fdayan@olemiss.edu
RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009
OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499
NR 160
TC 356
Z9 381
U1 31
U2 252
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0968-0896
J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 17
IS 12
BP 4022
EP 4034
DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.01.046
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 454CT
UT WOS:000266660000003
PM 19216080
ER
PT J
AU Nachman, RJ
Kim, YJ
Wang, XJ
Etzkorn, FA
Kaczmarek, K
Zabrocki, J
Adams, ME
AF Nachman, Ronald J.
Kim, Young-Joon
Wang, Xiaodong J.
Etzkorn, Felicia A.
Kaczmarek, Krzysztof
Zabrocki, Janusz
Adams, Michael E.
TI Potent activity of a PK/PBAN analog with an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro mimic
identifies the Pro orientation and core conformation during interaction
with HevPBANR-C receptor
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pheromonotropic; Heliothis; Peptidomimetic; Neuropeptide; Cyclic
ID BIOSYNTHESIS-ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; SEX-PHEROMONE PRODUCTION;
SARCOPHAGA-BULLATA LARVAE; MOTH HELICOVERPA-ZEA; BOMBYX-MORI; DIAPAUSE
HORMONE; PUPARIATION ACCELERATION; SUBESOPHAGEAL GANGLION; FUNCTIONAL
EXPRESSION; INSECT NEUROPEPTIDES
AB The pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PK/PBAN) family plays a multifunctional role in an array of important physiological processes in insects, including regulation of sex pheromone biosynthesis in moths. A cyclic PK/PBAN analog (cyclo[NTSFTPRL]) retains significant activity on the pheromonotropic HevPBANR receptor from the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens expressed in CHO-K1 cells. Previous studies indicate that this rigid, cyclic analog adopts a type I beta-turn with a transPro over residues TPRL within the core PK/PBAN region. An analog containing an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro mimetic motif was synthesized, and upon evaluation on the HevPBANR receptor found to have an EC(50) value that is not statistically different from a parent C-terminal PK/PBAN hexapeptide sequence. The results, in aggregate, provide strong evidence for the orientation of Pro and the core conformation of PK/PBAN neuropeptides during interaction with the expressed PBAN receptor. The work further identifies a novel scaffold with which to design mimetic PBAN analogs as potential leads in the development of environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting PK/PBAN-regulated pheromone signaling systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Nachman, Ronald J.; Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz] USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Kim, Young-Joon; Adams, Michael E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Kim, Young-Joon; Adams, Michael E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Kim, Young-Joon] GIST, Dept Life Sci, Kwangju 500712, South Korea.
[Wang, Xiaodong J.; Etzkorn, Felicia A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Kaczmarek, Krzysztof; Zabrocki, Janusz] Tech Univ Lodz, Inst Organ Chem, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland.
RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F-B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
EM nachman@tamu.edu; michael.adams@ucr.edu
RI Kaczmarek, Krzysztof/H-5741-2012
FU National Institutes of Health [GM 067310, RO1 GM63271-01]
FX The authors acknowledge the able technical assistance of Allison Strey
and Nan Pryor (USDA, College Station, TX), Vincent Dupriez, Euroscreen,
Belgium for providing the WTA11-CHO cell line, and financial assistance
from Grants from the National Institutes of Health (GM 067310 [YJK, MEA]
and RO1 GM63271-01 [XJW,FAE]).
NR 42
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0968-0896
J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 17
IS 12
BP 4216
EP 4220
DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.03.036
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 454CT
UT WOS:000266660000018
PM 19356938
ER
PT J
AU Kim, HN
Bradford, SA
Walker, SL
AF Kim, Hyunjung N.
Bradford, Scott A.
Walker, Sharon L.
TI Escherichia coli O157:H7 Transport in Saturated Porous Media: Role of
Solution Chemistry and Surface Macromolecules
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; ADHESION-DEFICIENT BACTERIA; COLLISION
EFFICIENCY; FORCE MICROSCOPY; DEPOSITION; KINETICS; GROUNDWATER;
ATTACHMENT; RETENTION; COLLOIDS
AB The transport and deposition behavior of Escherichia coli O157: H7 was investigated in saturated packed-bed columns and micromodel systems over a range of ionic strength (IS) (1, 10, and 100 mM) and pH (5.8, 8.4, and 9.2) conditions. At a given IS, elevated solution pH resulted in decreased deposition as a result of the increase in the measured zeta potential of the quartz sand. This deposition trend was consistent with predictions from classic Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. Conversely, the E coli O157:H7 deposition was inversely proportional to IS(1-100mM) at high pH conditions (8.4 and 9.2), whereas no effect of IS was observed at pH 5.8. This deposition trend was not consistent with DLVO theory, but could be explained by pH-associated electrosteric stabilization. This phenomenon is driven by the pH-dependent protonated state of functional groups on E coli O157:H7 surface macromolecules and the corresponding conformational state of the bacterial polymers. Results from this study demonstrate that retention of E coli O157:H7 cells in porous media is a complex process that depends on the solution chemistry, cell-cell interactions, and pore structure. The findings in this study also imply that previous work conducted at lower pH and IS conditions may underestimate E coli O157:H7 travel distance in higher salt and pH groundwater environments.
C1 [Kim, Hyunjung N.; Walker, Sharon L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
RP Walker, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM swalkar@engr.ucr.edu
RI Kim, Hyunjung/F-1505-2013
OI Kim, Hyunjung/0000-0003-2115-6891
FU USDA [2006-02541]
FX This research was funded by the USDA CSREES NRI (2006-02541). The E.
coli O157:H7/pGFP strain 72 was provided by Dr. Pina Fratamico
(USDA-ARS-ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA). We acknowledge Alan Nguyen for assistance
with micromodel experiments.
NR 60
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 1
U2 40
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 43
IS 12
BP 4340
EP 4347
DI 10.1021/es8026055
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 457XF
UT WOS:000266968500021
PM 19603644
ER
PT J
AU Pisanelli, I
Kujawa, M
Spadiut, O
Kittl, R
Halada, P
Volc, J
Mozuch, MD
Kersten, P
Haltrich, D
Peterbauer, C
AF Pisanelli, Ines
Kujawa, Magdalena
Spadiut, Oliver
Kittl, Roman
Halada, Petr
Volc, Jindrich
Mozuch, Michael D.
Kersten, Philip
Haltrich, Dietmar
Peterbauer, Clemens
TI Pyranose 2-oxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium-Expression in E.
coli and biochemical characterization
SO JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pyranose 2-oxidase; Phanerochaete chrysosporium; Lignocellulose
degradation; Heterologous expression
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; 1,4-BENZOQUINONE REDUCTASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OXIDASE; ENZYME; PURIFICATION; BASIDIOMYCETE; FUNGI;
DEHYDROGENASE
AB The presented work reports the isolation and heterologous expression of the p2ox gene encoding the flavoprotein pyranose 2-oxidase (P2Ox) from the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The p2ox cDNA was inserted into the bacterial expression vector pET21a(+) and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. We obtained active, fully flavinylated recombinant P2Ox in yields of approximately 270 mg/l medium. The recombinant enzyme was provided with an N-terminal T7-tag and a C-terminal HiS(6)-tag to facilitate simple one-step purification. We obtained an apparently homogenous enzyme preparation with a specific activity of 16.5 U/mg. Recombinant P2Ox from P. chrysosporium was characterized in some detail with respect to its physical and catalytic properties, both for electron donor (sugar Substrates) and - for the first time - alternative electron acceptors (1,4-benzoquinone, substituted quinones. 2,6-dichloroindophenol and ferricenium ion). As judged from the catalytic efficiencies k(cat)/K-m some of these alternative electron acceptors are better substrates than oxygen, which might have implications for the proposed in vivo function of pyranose 2-oxidase. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pisanelli, Ines; Kujawa, Magdalena; Spadiut, Oliver; Kittl, Roman; Haltrich, Dietmar; Peterbauer, Clemens] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, BOKU, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Vienna, Austria.
[Halada, Petr; Volc, Jindrich] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Microbiol, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Mozuch, Michael D.; Kersten, Philip] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Kujawa, Magdalena; Kittl, Roman] Res Ctr Appl Biocatalysis, Graz, Austria.
RP Peterbauer, C (reprint author), Univ Bodenkultur, Dept Lebensmittelwissensch & Technol, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
EM clemens.peterbauer@boku.ac.at
RI Halada, Petr/H-3330-2014; Volc, Jindrich/J-3234-2014;
OI Haltrich, Dietmar/0000-0002-8722-8176
FU Austrian Science Fund FWF [L 210, L 213]
NR 43
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1656
EI 1873-4863
J9 J BIOTECHNOL
JI J. Biotechnol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 142
IS 2
BP 97
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.03.019
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 465FN
UT WOS:000267567900001
PM 19501263
ER
PT J
AU Gabriel, MC
Kolka, R
Wickman, T
Nater, E
Woodruff, L
AF Gabriel, Mark C.
Kolka, Randy
Wickman, Trent
Nater, Ed
Woodruff, Laurel
TI Evaluating the spatial variation of total mercury in young-of-year
yellow perch (Perca flavescens), surface water and upland soil for
watershed-lake systems within the southern Boreal Shield
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Yellow perch; Total mercury; Boreal ecosystem; Watersheds; Regression
modeling
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; NOVA-SCOTIA; METHYLMERCURY CONCENTRATIONS;
ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; KEJIMKUJIK-PARK; METHYL
MERCURY; ONTARIO LAKES; NATIONAL-PARK; FISH
AB The primary objective of this research is to investigate relationships between mercury in upland soil, lake water and fish tissue and explore the cause for the observed spatial variation of THg in age one yellow perch (Perca flavescens) for ten lakes within the Superior National Forest. Spatial relationships between yellow perch THg tissue concentration and a total of 45 watershed and water chemistry parameters were evaluated for two separate years: 2005 and 2006. Results show agreement with other studies where watershed area, lake water pH, nutrient levels (specifically dissolved NO(3)(-)-N) and dissolved iron are important factors controlling and/or predicting fish THg level. Exceeding all was the strong dependence of yellow perch THg level on soil A-horizon THg and, in particular, soil O-horizon THg concentrations (Spearman rho = 0.81). Soil B-horizon THg concentration was significantly correlated (Pearson r = 0.75) with lake water THg concentration. Lakes surrounded by a greater percentage of shrub wetlands (peatlands) had higher fish tissue THg levels, thus it is highly possible that these wetlands are main locations for mercury methylation. Stepwise regression was used to develop empirical models for the purpose of predicting the spatial variation in yellow perch THg over the studied region. The 2005 regression model demonstrates it is possible to obtain good prediction (up to 60% variance description) of resident yellow perch THg level using upland soil O-horizon THg as the only independent variable. The 2006 model shows even greater prediction (r(2)=0.73, with an overall 10 ng/g [tissue, wet weight] margin of error), using lake water dissolved iron and watershed area as the only model independent variables. The developed regression models in this study can help with interpreting THg concentrations in low trophic level fish species for untested lakes of the greater Superior National Forest and surrounding Boreal ecosystem. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gabriel, Mark C.; Nater, Ed] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Kolka, Randy] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI 55744 USA.
[Wickman, Trent] Super Natl Forest, Duluth, MN 55808 USA.
[Woodruff, Laurel] USGS Eastern Mineral Resources, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
RP Gabriel, MC (reprint author), 3301 Gun Club Rd, W Palm Beach, FL USA.
EM mgabriel@sfwmd.gov
FU Joint Fire Sciences 2004-2; Local Research Needs
FX This research was accomplished through a collaborative agreement between
the USGS (Mineral Resources Program, Reston, VA), USDA-FS (Superior
National Forest, Duluth, MN and Northern Research Station, Grand Rapids,
MN) and the University of Minnesota (Department of Soil Water and
Climate, St. Paul, MN). Specifically, the authors wish to thank Bill
Cannon, Connie Dicken, John Horton, Jason Butcher, Ken Gebhardt, Jessica
Wittwer, Emma Witt, Jodi Thielen and Lindsey Peters for their field and
analytical support. This research was funded by Joint Fire Sciences
2004-2, Local Research Needs.
NR 56
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2009
VL 407
IS 13
BP 4117
EP 4126
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.03.019
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 455LM
UT WOS:000266761500022
PM 19349066
ER
PT J
AU Payton, P
Kottapalli, KR
Rowland, D
Faircloth, W
Guo, BZ
Burow, M
Puppala, N
Gallo, M
AF Payton, Paxton
Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao
Rowland, Diane
Faircloth, Wilson
Guo, Baozhu
Burow, Mark
Puppala, Naveen
Gallo, Maria
TI Gene expression profiling in peanut using high density oligonucleotide
microarrays
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; AGILENT MICROARRAY; WATER-DEFICIT; HIGH-SALINITY;
LINKAGE MAP; STRESS; TOLERANCE; RICE; EMBRYOGENESIS; ACCUMULATION
AB Background: Transcriptome expression analysis in peanut to date has been limited to a relatively small set of genes and only recently has a significant number of ESTs been released into the public domain. Utilization of these ESTs for oligonucleotide microarrays provides a means to investigate large-scale transcript responses to a variety of developmental and environmental signals, ultimately improving our understanding of plant biology.
Results: We have developed a high-density oligonucleotide microarray for peanut using 49,205 publicly available ESTs and tested the utility of this array for expression profiling in a variety of peanut tissues. To identify putatively tissue-specific genes and demonstrate the utility of this array for expression profiling in a variety of peanut tissues, we compared transcript levels in pod, peg, leaf, stem, and root tissues. Results from this experiment showed 108 putatively pod-specific/abundant genes, as well as transcripts whose expression was low or undetected in pod compared to peg, leaf, stem, or root. The transcripts significantly over-represented in pod include genes responsible for seed storage proteins and desiccation (e. g., late-embryogenesis abundant proteins, aquaporins, legumin B), oil production, and cellular defense. Additionally, almost half of the pod-abundant genes represent unknown genes allowing for the possibility of associating putative function to these previously uncharacterized genes.
Conclusion: The peanut oligonucleotide array represents the majority of publicly available peanut ESTs and can be used as a tool for expression profiling studies in diverse tissues.
C1 [Payton, Paxton; Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao] USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA.
[Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao; Burow, Mark] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Rowland, Diane; Faircloth, Wilson] USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA USA.
[Guo, Baozhu] Crop Protect & Res Management Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Burow, Mark] Texas Agrilife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA.
[Puppala, Naveen] New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr, Clovis, NM 88101 USA.
[Gallo, Maria] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Gallo, Maria] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Payton, P (reprint author), USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA.
EM paxton.payton@ars.usda.gov; rao.kottapalli@ars.usda.gov;
diane.rowland@ars.usda.gov; wilson.faircloth@ars.usda.gov;
baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov; mburow@tamu.edu; npuppala@nmsu.edu; mgm@ufl.edu
FU USDA-ARS CRIS [6208-21000-012-00D]; New Mexico State University
Agricultural Science Center, Clovis
FX We thank Joseph Quilantan and Meenakshi Mittal for technical help. This
research was supported by grants from the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a
consortium between USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State
University, Texas Agrilife Research, Texas Agrilife Extension Service,
Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University, USDA-ARS CRIS
6208-21000-012-00D, and New Mexico State University Agricultural Science
Center, Clovis.
NR 34
TC 28
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 2
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD JUN 12
PY 2009
VL 10
AR 265
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-10-265
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 467KR
UT WOS:000267738100001
PM 19523230
ER
PT J
AU Arakane, Y
Lomakin, J
Beeman, RW
Muthukrishnan, S
Gehrke, SH
Kanost, MR
Kramer, KJ
AF Arakane, Yasuyuki
Lomakin, Joseph
Beeman, Richard W.
Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam
Gehrke, Stevin H.
Kanost, Michael R.
Kramer, Karl J.
TI Molecular and Functional Analyses of Amino Acid Decarboxylases Involved
in Cuticle Tanning in Tribolium castaneum
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHITIN-SYNTHASE GENES; RED FLOUR BEETLE; DOPA DECARBOXYLASE;
MANDUCA-SEXTA; BETA-ALANINE; INSECT CUTICLE; ADULT DEVELOPMENT; TOBACCO
HORNWORM; SCLEROTIZATION; CATECHOLAMINE
AB Aspartate 1-decarboxylase (ADC) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase (DDC) provide beta-alanine and dopamine used in insect cuticle tanning. beta-Alanine is conjugated with dopamine to yield N-beta-alanyldopamine (NBAD), a substrate for the phenol oxidase laccase that catalyzes the synthesis of cuticle protein cross-linking agents and pigment precursors. We identified ADC and DDC genes in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Tc), and investigated their functions. TcADC mRNA was most abundant prior to the pupal-adult molt. Injection of TcADC double-stranded (ds) RNA (dsTcADC) into mature larvae resulted in depletion of NBAD in pharate adults, accumulation of dopamine, and abnormally dark pigmentation of the adult cuticle. Injection of beta-alanine, the expected product of ADC, into dsTcADC-treated pupae rescued the pigmentation phenotype, resulting in normal rust-red color. A similar pattern of catechol content consisting of elevated dopamine and depressed NBAD was observed in the genetic black mutants of Tribolium, in which levels of TcADC mRNA were drastically reduced. Furthermore, from the Tribolium black mutant and dsTcADC-injected insects both exhibited similar changes in material properties. Dynamic mechanical analysis of elytral cuticle from beetles with depleted TcADC transcripts revealed diminished cross-linking of cuticular components, further confirming the important role of oxidation products of NBAD as cross-linking agents during cuticle tanning. Injection of dsTcDDC into larvae produced a lethal pupal phenotype, and the resulting grayish pupal cuticle exhibited many small patches of black pigmentation. When dsTcDDC was injected into young pupae, the resulting adults had abnormally dark brown body color, but there was little mortality. Injection of dsTcDDC resulted in more than a 5-fold increase in levels of DOPA, indicating that lack of TcDDC led to accumulation of its substrate, DOPA.
C1 [Arakane, Yasuyuki; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam; Kanost, Michael R.; Kramer, Karl J.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Lomakin, Joseph; Gehrke, Stevin H.] Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Beeman, Richard W.; Kramer, Karl J.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
RP Kanost, MR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, 141 Chalmers Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM kanost@ksu.edu
RI mo, qin/O-7877-2014
FU National Science Foundation [IOS 0726425]
FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant IOS
0726425. This is Contribution 08-298-J from the Kansas Agricultural
Experiment Station.
NR 34
TC 65
Z9 68
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD JUN 12
PY 2009
VL 284
IS 24
BP 16584
EP 16594
DI 10.1074/jbc.M901629200
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 455BM
UT WOS:000266730900055
PM 19366687
ER
PT J
AU Robbins, RJ
Leonczak, J
Johnson, JC
Li, JL
Kwik-Uribe, C
Prior, RL
Gu, LW
AF Robbins, Rebecca J.
Leonczak, Jadwiga
Johnson, J. Christopher
Li, Julia
Kwik-Uribe, Catherine
Prior, Ronald L.
Gu, Liwei
TI Method performance and multi-laboratory assessment of a normal phase
high pressure liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection method for
the quantitation of flavanols and procyanidins in cocoa and chocolate
containing samples
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article
DE Flavanols; Procyanidins; Cocoa; Multi-laboratory validation;
Quantitative; HPLC; FLD; NIST; Chocolate; Diol
ID RICH COCOA; SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; PLATELET
ACTIVATION; THEOBROMA-CACAO; PROANTHOCYANIDINS; FOODS; QUANTIFICATION;
BEVERAGES; HUMANS
AB The quantitative parameters and method performance for a normal-phase HPLC separation of flavanols and procyanidins in chocolate and cocoa-containing food products were optimized and assessed. Single laboratory method performance was examined over three months using three separate secondary standards. RSD((r)) ranged from 1.9%, 4.5% to 9.0% for cocoa powder, liquor and chocolate samples containing 74.39, 15.47 and 1.87 mg/g flavanols and procyanidins, respectively. Accuracy was determined by comparison to the NIST Standard Reference Material 2384. Inter-lab assessment indicated that variability was quite low for seven different cocoa-containing samples, with a RSD((R)) of less than 10% for the range of samples analyzed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Robbins, Rebecca J.; Leonczak, Jadwiga; Johnson, J. Christopher; Li, Julia; Kwik-Uribe, Catherine] Mars Inc, Analyt & Appl Sci Grp, Hackettstown, NJ 07840 USA.
[Prior, Ronald L.] ARS, USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA.
[Gu, Liwei] Univ Florida, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Robbins, RJ (reprint author), Mars Inc, Analyt & Appl Sci Grp, 800 High St, Hackettstown, NJ 07840 USA.
EM rebecca.robbins@effem.com
RI Gu, Liwei/H-5875-2011
NR 28
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD JUN 12
PY 2009
VL 1216
IS 24
BP 4831
EP 4840
DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.006
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 454GW
UT WOS:000266671400003
PM 19426987
ER
PT J
AU Richter, DD
Jenkins, DH
Karakash, JT
Knight, J
Mccreery, LR
Nemestothy, KP
AF Richter, Daniel de B., Jr.
Jenkins, Dylan H.
Karakash, John T.
Knight, Josiah
Mccreery, Lew R.
Nemestothy, Kasimir P.
TI Wood Energy: The Dangers of Combustion Response
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Richter, Daniel de B., Jr.] Duke Univ, Univ Program Ecol, So Ctr Sustainable Forests, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Jenkins, Dylan H.] Nature Conservancy, Penn Forest Conservat Program, Williamsport, PA 17701 USA.
[Karakash, John T.] Resource Profess Grp, Durham, NC 27707 USA.
[Knight, Josiah] Duke Univ, Pratt Sch Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Mccreery, Lew R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
[Nemestothy, Kasimir P.] Austrian Chamber Agr, Dept Forestry & Energy, A-1014 Vienna, Austria.
RP Richter, DD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Univ Program Ecol, So Ctr Sustainable Forests, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM drichter@duke.edu
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUN 12
PY 2009
VL 324
IS 5933
BP 1390
EP 1391
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 456VD
UT WOS:000266878700018
ER
PT J
AU MacKinnon, KM
He, H
Nerren, JR
Swaggerty, CL
Genovese, KJ
Kogut, MH
AF MacKinnon, K. M.
He, H.
Nerren, J. R.
Swaggerty, C. L.
Genovese, K. J.
Kogut, M. H.
TI Expression profile of toll-like receptors within the gastrointestinal
tract of 2-day-old Salmonella enteriditis-infected broiler chickens
SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Toll-like receptor; Gene expression; Intestine; Innate immunity;
Salmonella; Bacteria; Avian
ID SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM INFECTION; LIGAND; RECOGNITION; INDUCTION; PATTERNS;
CELLS; CECUM
AB Salmonella enterica serovar Enteriditis (SE) causes a majority of foodborne illness in the U.S. A more productive avian innate immune response could reduce bacterial colonization and the incidence of infection in humans. However, quantification and comparison of the toll-like receptors (TLR), a component of the innate immune system that recognize bacterial pathogens, and their response to SE colonization across the avian gastrointestinal (GI) tract has not been reported. Therefore, we assessed these changes using real-time qRT-PCR to measure expression of TLR 1LA, 2A, 2B, 3, 4, 5, 7, 15, and 21 in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecal tonsil, ceca, and large intestine of uninfected and SE-infected 2-day-old broiler chickens. Samples were collected soon after hatch to approximate natural SE exposure and to measure initial changes in the immune response to infection. All TLRs had measurable expression within the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecal tonsil, ceca, and large intestine. The general expression pattern, with the exception of TLR 2 1, showed distal GI segments had higher TLR mRNA expression than proximal segments. Infected chickens had increased expression of TLR ILA, 2A, 4, and 15 in distal GI segments and upregulation of TLR 2B, 3, and 15 in proximal segments, including the duodenum. Interestingly, SE-infection caused downregulation of TLR 5, with no change in TLR 7 or 21. Overall, we provide a comprehensive report of mRNA expression profiles for the TLR family of innate immune receptors in the GI tract of 2-day-old broilers and their differential response to SE colonization. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [MacKinnon, K. M.; He, H.; Nerren, J. R.; Swaggerty, C. L.; Genovese, K. J.; Kogut, M. H.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP MacKinnon, KM (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
EM kathryn.mackinnon@ars.usda.gov
NR 22
TC 39
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1135
J9 VET MICROBIOL
JI Vet. Microbiol.
PD JUN 12
PY 2009
VL 137
IS 3-4
BP 313
EP 319
DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.024
PG 7
WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 458JQ
UT WOS:000267014700015
PM 19201111
ER
PT J
AU Desjardins, AE
AF Desjardins, Anne E.
TI From Yellow Rain to Green Wheat: 25 Years of Trichothecene Biosynthesis
Research
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE Trichothecene biosynthesis; Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium
sporotrichioides; TRI genes; wheat head blight; maize ear rot
ID FUSARIUM-SPOROTRICHIOIDES; GIBBERELLA-PULICARIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA;
TRICHODIENE SYNTHASE; REDUCED VIRULENCE; TOXIN PRODUCTION; T-2 TOXIN;
GENE; DISRUPTION; EXPRESSION
AB Trichothecene biosynthesis research at the U.S. Department of Agriculture in Peoria, IL, began in 1984 in response to concerns about the use of trichothecenes in biological warfare, but continued as a long-term research program on the intractable problem of trichothecene contamination of human foods and animal feeds. Over 25 years, the trichothecene biosynthesis research group integrated natural product chemistry with fungal genetics and plant pathology in the laboratory and in the field to understand how and why Fusarium species make these complex and highly toxic metabolites. This interdisciplinary research placed trichothecenes in the unique class of fungal metabolites that not only cause mycotoxicoses in animals but also are virulence factors in plant disease.
C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Desjardins, AE (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM anne.desjardins@ars.usda.gov
NR 37
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 10
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 11
BP 4478
EP 4484
DI 10.1021/jf9003847
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 453YW
UT WOS:000266649800002
PM 19385595
ER
PT J
AU Zablotowicz, RM
Accinelli, C
Krutz, LJ
Reddy, KN
AF Zablotowicz, Robert M.
Accinelli, Cesare
Krutz, L. Jason
Reddy, Krishna N.
TI Soil Depth and Tillage Effects on Glyphosate Degradation
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodegradation; glyphosate; mineralization; sorption; crop management
ID DANISH SURFACE SOILS; RESISTANT CROPS; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY;
MINERALIZATION; CORN; COMMUNITIES; ADSORPTION; PESTICIDES; RESIDUES;
ATRAZINE
AB The use of glyphosate-resistant crops facilitated the widespread adoption of no-tillage (NT) cropping systems. The experimental objectives were to determine glyphosate sorption, mineralization, and persistence at two depths [0-2 cm (A) and 2-10 cm (B)] in a silt loam managed under long-term conventional tillage (CT) or NT soybean. Relative to the other soils, organic carbon (OC) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolytic activity were at least 1.4-fold higher in NT-A. Glyphosate K-d values ranged from 78.2 to 48.1 and were not correlated with OC. Cumulative glyphosate mineralized after 35 days was highest in NT-A soil (70%), intermediate in CT-A and CT-B (63%), and least in NT-B (51%). Mineralization was positively correlated with OC and FDA activity, but negatively correlated with K-d, indicating that sorption decreased bioavailability. Independent of tillage and depth, the half-lives for 0.01 N CaCl2 and 0.1 N NaOH extractable residues (bioavailable residues and residues bound to iron and aluminum oxides, respectively) were <= 1.2 h and <= 14.2 days, respectively. These data indicate that glyphosate sorption and persistence are similar between the surface of NT and CT soils and that the adoption of NT will likely have minimal impact on the risk for nontarget effects of glyphosate on soil microflora or transport in surface runoff.
C1 [Zablotowicz, Robert M.; Krutz, L. Jason; Reddy, Krishna N.] ARS, USDA, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Accinelli, Cesare] Univ Bologna, Dept Agroenvironm Sci & Technol, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
RP Zablotowicz, RM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Weed Sci Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM Robert.Zablotowicz@ars.usda.gov
RI Accinelli, Cesare/A-4857-2008;
OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998; Accinelli,
Cesare/0000-0001-8200-0108
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 6
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
EI 1520-5118
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 10
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 11
BP 4867
EP 4871
DI 10.1021/jf900272w
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 453YW
UT WOS:000266649800057
PM 19408929
ER
PT J
AU Sadowsky, MJ
Koskinen, WC
Bischoff, M
Barber, BL
Becker, JM
Turco, RF
AF Sadowsky, Michael J.
Koskinen, William C.
Bischoff, Marianne
Barber, Brian L.
Becker, Joanna M.
Turco, Ronald F.
TI Rapid and Complete Degradation of the Herbicide Picloram by Lipomyces
kononenkoae
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Picloram; biodegradation; yeast; Lipomyces kononenkoae; dechlorination;
complete degradation
ID SOIL; MICROORGANISMS; DECOMPOSITION; PERSISTENCE; METABOLISM; PYRIDINE
AB An enrichment culture approach was used to isolate a pure culture of the yeast Lipomyces kononenkoae, which had the ability to grow on the herbicide picloram. The yeast rapidly and completely degraded 50 mu g mL(-1) picloram by 48 h of growth. While L. kononenkoae was found to use both N atoms of picloram as a sole nitrogen source for growth, it failed to mineralize the herbicide or use it as a sole C source. Product analysis done using LC-ESI-MS indicated that biodegradation of picloram by L. kononenkoae proceeds via a didechlorinated, dihydroxylated, pyridinecarboxylic acid derivative. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the majority of picloram degradation in the soil is likely due to microbial catabolic processes.
C1 [Sadowsky, Michael J.; Barber, Brian L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Koskinen, William C.; Becker, Joanna M.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA.
[Bischoff, Marianne; Turco, Ronald F.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Sadowsky, MJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Cir, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM sadowsky@umn.edu
RI Turco, Ronald/B-8739-2008; Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016
OI Turco, Ronald/0000-0002-1794-1486; Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781
FU University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-NRCS
FX Received for review January 7, 2009. Revised manuscript received April
10, 2009. Accepted April 13, 2009. This study was supported, in part, by
a grant from the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station
(to M.J.S.) and by a grant from USDA-NRCS (to R.F.T.).
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 10
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 11
BP 4878
EP 4882
DI 10.1021/jf900067f
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 453YW
UT WOS:000266649800059
PM 19489626
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, L
Glahn, RP
Nelson, D
Miller, DD
AF Zhu, Le
Glahn, Raymond P.
Nelson, Deanna
Miller, Dennis D.
TI Comparing Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate to Common Iron Salts and Chelates
as Sources of Bioavailable Iron in a Caco-2 Cell Culture Model
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Soluble ferric pyrophosphate; ferritin; ascorbic acid; pH; divalent
metal ions; Caco-2 cells; iron bioavailability
ID HEALTHY-YOUNG MEN; ASCORBIC-ACID; POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS; TANNIC-ACID;
PHYTIC ACID; ABSORPTION; RATS; TRANSFERRIN; MECHANISM; NAFEEDTA
AB Iron bioavailability from supplements and fortificants varies depending upon the form of the iron and the presence or absence of iron absorption enhancers and inhibitors. Our objectives were to compare the effects of pH and selected enhancers and inhibitors and food matrices on the bioavailability of iron in soluble ferric pyrophosphate (SFP) to other iron fortificants using a Caco-2 cell culture model with or without the combination of in vitro digestion. Ferritin formation was the highest in cells treated with SFP compared to those treated with other iron compounds or chelates. Exposure to pH 2 followed by adjustment to pH 7 markedly decreased FeSO4 bioavailability but had a smaller effect on bioavailabilities from SFP and sodium iron(III) ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA), suggesting that chelating agents minimize the effects of pH on iron bioavailabilty. Adding ascorbic acid (AA) and cysteine to SFP in a 20:1 molar ratio increased ferritin formation by 3- and 2-fold, respectively, whereas adding citrate had no significant effect on the bioavailability of SFP. Adding phytic acid (10:1) and tannic acid (1:1) to iron decreased iron bioavailability from SFP by 91 and 99%, respectively. The addition of zinc had a marked inhibitory effect on iron bioavailability. Calcium and magnesium also inhibited iron bioavailability but to a lesser extent. Incorporating SFP in rice greatly reduced iron bioavailability from SFP, but this effect can be partially reversed with the addition of AA. SFP and FeSO4 were taken up similarly when added to nonfat dry milk. Our results suggest that dietary factors known to enhance and inhibit iron bioavailability from various iron sources affect iron bioavailability from SFP in similar directions. However, the magnitude of the effects of iron absorption inhibitors on SFP iron appears to be smaller than on iron salts, such as FeSO4 and FeCl3. This supports the hypothesis that SFP is a promising iron source for food fortification and dietary supplements.
C1 [Zhu, Le] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Human Biol, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA.
[Nelson, Deanna] BioLink Life Sci Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA.
[Glahn, Raymond P.] Cornell Univ, ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Miller, Dennis D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Zhu, L (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Human Biol, 2420 Nicolet Dr,LS 467, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA.
EM zhul@uwgb.edu
NR 39
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
EI 1520-5118
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 10
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 11
BP 5014
EP 5019
DI 10.1021/jf900328t
PG 6
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 453YW
UT WOS:000266649800078
PM 19449807
ER
PT J
AU He, XH
Quinones, B
Carter, JM
Mandrell, RE
AF He, Xiaohua
Quinones, Beatriz
Carter, John Mark
Mandrell, Robert E.
TI Validation of a Cell-Free Translation Assay for Detecting Shiga Toxin 2
in Bacterial Culture
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cell-free translation assay; E. coli O157:H7 strains; limit of
detection; Shiga toxin 2; thermal stability of Stx2
ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; N-GLYCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; CONVERTING PHAGES; SHIGELLA
TOXIN; UNITED-STATES; PATHOGENESIS; DIARRHEA
AB A cell-free translation (CFT) assay for detecting Shiga toxin (Stx) at different levels of purity has been validated. The limits of detection for pure Stx2 (PStx2) and partially pure Stx2 (PPStx2) in water reached 20 and 3.5 pg/mu L, respectively, without the artificial process of proteolytic activation and reduction of the pro-toxin. The specific detection of Stx2 was confirmed by a neutralization test using Stx2-specific mouse monoclonal antibody. This assay can be used for differentiation of Stx-producing Escherichia coli from non-Stx-producing E coli. Four E coli O157:H7 strains genotypically different for Stx were tested. The translational inhibition of Stx-producing E coli was significantly higher than that of non-Stx-producing E coli when bacterial culture supernatants were used for the analysis. Inhibition occurred even with supernatants diluted 1000-fold. The thermal stability of Stx2 was studied using the CFT assay, and significant differences were observed among three Stx2 preparations heated at 70 degrees C for 60 min. It was concluded that the CFT assay is a rapid, specific, and sensitive method for detecting Stx2 activity.
C1 [He, Xiaohua; Quinones, Beatriz; Carter, John Mark; Mandrell, Robert E.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP He, XH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov
RI Carter, John Mark/K-2485-2015
OI Carter, John Mark/0000-0001-8251-4168
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 10
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 11
BP 5084
EP 5088
DI 10.1021/jf9002285
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 453YW
UT WOS:000266649800088
PM 19489630
ER
PT J
AU Myung, K
Li, SJ
Butchko, RAE
Busman, M
Proctor, RH
Abbas, HK
Calvo, AM
AF Myung, Kyung
Li, Shaojie
Butchko, Robert A. E.
Busman, Mark
Proctor, Robert H.
Abbas, Hamed K.
Calvo, Ana M.
TI FvVE1 Regulates Biosynthesis of the Mycotoxins Fumonisins and Fusarins
in Fusarium verticillioides
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fusarium verticillioides; fumonisin; fusarins; FvVE1; veA; secondary
metabolism
ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; GENE-CLUSTER; SECONDARY METABOLISM; MONILIFORME;
AFLATOXIN; VEA; SYNTHASE; PROTEIN; CONIDIATION; PARASITICUS
AB The veA gene positively regulates sterigmatocystin production in Aspergillus nidulans and aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus. Whether veA homologues have a role in regulating secondary metabolism in other fungal genera is unknown. In this study, we examined the role of the veA homologue, FvVE1, on the production of two mycotoxin families, fumonisins and fusarins, in the important corn pathogen Fusarium verticillioides. We found that FvVE1 deletion completely suppressed fumonisin production on two natural substrates, corn and rice. Furthermore, our results revealed that FvVE1 is necessary for the expression of the pathway-specific regulatory gene FUM21 and structural genes in the fumonisin biosynthetic gene (FUM) cluster. FvVE1 deletion also blocked production of fusarins. The effects of FvVE1 deletion on the production of these toxins were found to be the same in two separate mating types. Our results strongly suggest that FvVE1 plays an important role in regulating mycotoxin production in F. verticillioides.
C1 [Myung, Kyung; Li, Shaojie; Calvo, Ana M.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Butchko, Robert A. E.; Busman, Mark; Proctor, Robert H.] ARS, USDA, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Abbas, Hamed K.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit CG & PRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Calvo, AM (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 1425 W Lincoln Highway, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
EM amcalvo@niu.edu
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R15 GM074267, R15 GM074267-01A1]
NR 36
TC 52
Z9 57
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD JUN 10
PY 2009
VL 57
IS 11
BP 5089
EP 5094
DI 10.1021/jf900783u
PG 6
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 453YW
UT WOS:000266649800089
PM 19382792
ER
PT J
AU Cerin, E
Conway, TL
Saelens, BE
Frank, LD
Sallis, JF
AF Cerin, Ester
Conway, Terry L.
Saelens, Brian E.
Frank, Lawrence D.
Sallis, James F.
TI Cross-validation of the factorial structure of the Neighborhood
Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS) and its abbreviated form (NEWS-A)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADULTS
AB Background: The Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS) and its abbreviated form (NEWS-A) assess perceived environmental attributes believed to influence physical activity. A multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) conducted on a sample from Seattle, WA showed that, at the respondent level, the factor-analyzable items of the NEWS and NEWS-A measured 11 and 10 constructs of perceived neighborhood environment, respectively. At the census blockgroup (used by the US Census Bureau as a subunit of census tracts) level, the MCFA yielded five factors for both NEWS and NEWS-A. The aim of this study was to cross-validate the individual- and blockgroup-level measurement models of the NEWS and NEWS-A in a geographical location and population different from those used in the original validation study.
Methods: A sample of 912 adults was recruited from 16 selected neighborhoods (116 census blockgroups) in the Baltimore, MD region. Neighborhoods were stratified according to their socio-economic status and transport-related walkability level measured using Geographic Information Systems. Participants self-completed the NEWS. MCFA was used to cross-validate the individual- and blockgroup-level measurement models of the NEWS and NEWS-A.
Results: The data provided sufficient support for the factorial validity of the original individual- level measurement models, which consisted of 11 (NEWS) and 10 (NEWS-A) correlated factors. The original blockgroup-level measurement model of the NEWS and NEWS-A showed poor fit to the data and required substantial modifications. These included the combining of aspects of building aesthetics with safety from crime into one factor; the separation of natural aesthetics and building aesthetics into two factors; and for the NEWS-A, the separation of presence of sidewalks/walking routes from other infrastructure for walking.
Conclusion: This study provided support for the generalizability of the individual- level measurement models of the NEWS and NEWS-A to different urban geographical locations in the USA. It is recommended that the NEWS and NEWS-A be scored according to their individual- level measurement models, which are relatively stable and correspond to constructs commonly used in the urban planning and transportation fields. However, prior to using these instruments in international and multicultural studies, further validation work across diverse non-English speaking countries and populations is needed.
C1 [Cerin, Ester] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Saelens, Brian E.] Seattle Univ, Seattle Childrens Hosp, Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Frank, Lawrence D.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Community & Reg Planning, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
[Sallis, James F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Cerin, E (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM ecerin@hku.hk; tconway@mail.sdsu.edu;
brian.saelens@seattlechildrens.org; ldfrank@interchange.ubc.ca;
sallis@mail.sdsu.edu
RI Cerin, Ester/L-1271-2015
OI Cerin, Ester/0000-0002-7599-165X
FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL67350]
FX This work was supported by grant HL67350 from the National Heart, Lung,
and Blood Institute. Kelli Cain and James Chapman made important
contributions to the study. This work is also a publication of the
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition
Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, and had been funded in part with federal funds from
USDA/ARS
NR 35
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 21
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1479-5868
J9 INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY
JI Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act.
PD JUN 9
PY 2009
VL 6
AR 32
DI 10.1186/1479-5868-6-32
PG 10
WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology
SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology
GA 468GK
UT WOS:000267804800001
PM 19508724
ER
PT J
AU Kuhnle, RA
Wren, DG
AF Kuhnle, R. A.
Wren, D. G.
TI Size of suspended sediment over dunes
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIFREQUENCY ACOUSTIC BACKSCATTER; GRAIN-SIZE; BED SEDIMENT; FLOW;
TRANSPORT; VELOCITY; LOAD
AB Samples of suspended sediment were collected at four elevations simultaneously over two-dimensional mobile dunes in two mixtures of 0.5 mm sand in a laboratory flume channel. A constant sampling position relative to the dunes was maintained by adjusting the translation rate of the sampling carriage to be the same as the migration rate of the dunes. The rate of change of concentration of the suspended sediment with distance from the bed for individual grain sizes was found to be related to the part of the dune over which the samples were collected. The suspended sediment concentration over the lowest third of the flow depth was nearly constant over the trough of the bed forms, while concentration varied rapidly with depth over the brink point, with intermediate rates of change, similar to measurements over a flat bed, over the rest of the dune. The concentration of coarser grains was reasonably explained by assuming they were in intermittent suspension from the brink point of one dune to that of the next. Differences between the vertical changes in grain size were reduced when the sizes were plotted relative to the mean crest elevation of the dunes rather than the local bed elevation. The Rouse equation was found to yield accurate predictions of median grain sizes above the crest level using a reference sample, while median grain size was found to be nearly constant below the level of the crest.
C1 [Kuhnle, R. A.; Wren, D. G.] Agr Res Serv, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
RP Kuhnle, RA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
EM roger.kuhnle@ars.usda.gov; daniel.wren@ars.usda.gov
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUN 9
PY 2009
VL 114
AR F02020
DI 10.1029/2008JF001200
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 458GB
UT WOS:000267002400001
ER
PT J
AU Valles, SM
Hashimoto, Y
AF Valles, Steven M.
Hashimoto, Yoshifumi
TI Isolation and characterization of Solenopsis invicta virus 3, a new
positive-strand RNA virus infecting the red imported fire ant,
Solenopsis invicta
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Solenopsis invicta; RNA virus; Genome sequence; SINV-1; SINV-2; SINV-3
ID KELP FLY VIRUS; GENOME SEQUENCE; HONEY-BEE; DISCOVERY; DNA
AB We report the discovery of a new virus from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta. Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3) represents the third virus discovered from this ant species using the metagenomics approach. The single (positive)-strand RNA, monopartite, bicistronic genome of SINV-3 was sequenced in entirety (GenBank accession number FJ528584), comprised of 10,386 nucleotides, and polyadenylated at the 3' terminus. This genome size was confirmed by Northern analysis. The genome revealed 2 large open reading frames (ORFs) in the sense orientation with an untranslated region (UTR) at each end and between the two ORFs. The 51 proximal ORF (ORF 1) encoded a predicted protein of 299.1 kDa (2580 amino acids). The 31 proximal ORF (ORF 2) encoded a predicted protein of 73.2 kDa (651 amino acids). RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), helicase, and protease domains were recognized in ORF 1. SDS-PAGE separation of purified SINV-3 particles yielded 2 bands (ostensibly capsid proteins) with a combined molecular mass of 77.3 kDa which was similar to the mass predicted by ORF 2 (73.2 kDa). Phylogenetic analysis of the conserved amino acid sequences containing domains I to VIII of the RdRp from dicistroviruses, iflaviruses, plant small RNA viruses, picornaviruses, and 4 unassigned positive-strand RNA viruses revealed a trichotomous phenogram with SINV-3 and Kelp fly virus comprising a unique cluster. Electron microscopic examination of negatively stained samples of SINV-3 revealed isometric particles with apparent projections and a diameter of 27.3 +/- 1.3 nm. SINV-3 was successfully transmitted to uninfected workers by feeding. The minus (replicative) strand of SINV-3 was detected in worker ants indicating replication of the virus. The possibility of using SINV-3 as a microbial control agent for fire ants is discussed. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Valles, Steven M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
[Hashimoto, Yoshifumi] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Valles, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
EM Steven.Valles@ars.usda.gov
NR 41
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD JUN 5
PY 2009
VL 388
IS 2
BP 354
EP 361
DI 10.1016/j.virol.2009.03.028
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 453OV
UT WOS:000266621400014
PM 19403154
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XW
Rinehart, TA
Wadl, PA
Spiers, JM
Hadziabdic, D
Windham, MT
Trigiano, RN
AF Wang, Xinwang
Rinehart, Timothy A.
Wadl, Phillip A.
Spiers, James M.
Hadziabdic, Denita
Windham, Mark T.
Trigiano, Robert N.
TI A new electrophoresis technique to separate microsatellite alleles
SO AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE SSR assay; capillary electrophoresis; polyacrylamide gel; Cornus florida
ID CAPILLARY ARRAY ELECTROPHORESIS; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; DNA ANALYSIS;
FLUORESCENCE; FRAGMENTS
AB Analysis of large numbers of SSR (simple sequence repeats: microsatellites) reactions can be tedious, time-consuming and expensive. The objective of this study was to report a new electrophoresis method to analyze and visualize SSR data quickly and accurately and compare it to the ability of four other electrophoresis methods. Individual PCR reactions consisting of DNA from several Cornus florida L. (flowering dogwood) cultivars and two SSR primer pairs were assembled for analysis using the following three methods: agarose gel, polyacrylamide gel and QIAxcel System. Two separate PCR reactions consisting of the same components plus a fluorescent-labeled primer were set up for analyses using the CEQ (TM) 8000 Genetic Analysis System and ABI 3130xl DNA Sequencer. These five electrophoretic methods were assessed for advantages and disadvantages. Polyacrylamide gels had highest resolution of alleles, whereas agarose gels had the lowest. However, with both separation media, it was difficult to score the size of alleles. Capillary electrophoresis with the CEQ (TM) 8000 Genetic Analysis System and ABI 3130xl DNA Sequencer easily separated products and determined allelic size, but was more expensive than electrophoresis using either agarose or polyacrlamide gels. The QIAxcel System had lower resolution than CEQ (TM) 8000 Genetic Analysis System and ABI 3130xl DNA Sequencer. However, QIAxcel System was rapid and cost effective compared to the two widely used capillary sequencers, and also provided a computer generated gel image. For researchers in small to intermediate-sized laboratories, the QIAxcel System using a twelve channel, sieving-gel cartridge is an affordable device for SSR assays used for mapping and population diversity analysis.
C1 [Wang, Xinwang; Wadl, Phillip A.; Hadziabdic, Denita; Windham, Mark T.; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Wang, Xinwang] Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dallas, TX 75252 USA.
[Rinehart, Timothy A.; Spiers, James M.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA.
RP Trigiano, RN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM rtrigian@utk.edu
FU USDA [58-64047-213]
FX This work was supported by USDA Agreement 58-64047-213. Mention of trade
names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose
of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the USDA.
NR 15
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 9
PU ACADEMIC JOURNALS
PI VICTORIA ISLAND
PA P O BOX 5170-00200 NAIROBI, VICTORIA ISLAND, LAGOS 73023, NIGERIA
SN 1684-5315
J9 AFR J BIOTECHNOL
JI Afr. J. Biotechnol.
PD JUN 3
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 11
BP 2432
EP 2436
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 481SB
UT WOS:000268830900006
ER
PT J
AU Siyal, AA
Skaggs, TH
AF Siyal, A. A.
Skaggs, T. H.
TI Measured and simulated soil wetting patterns under porous clay pipe
sub-surface irrigation
SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Porous clay pipe; Sub-surface irrigation; Micro-irrigation; Soil
wetting; Hydraulic conductivity; HYDRUS
ID DRIP IRRIGATION; TRICKLE IRRIGATION; WATER DISTRIBUTION;
MICROIRRIGATION; EQUATION
AB Sub-surface irrigation with porous clay pipe can be an efficient, water saving method of irrigation for many less developed and and semi-arid regions. Maximizing the efficiency of clay pipe irrigation requires guidelines and criteria for system design and operation. In this study, experimental and simulated (with HYDRUS (2D/3D)) soil wetting patterns were investigated for sub-surface pipe systems operating at different water pressures. Predictions of the soil water content made with HYDRUS were found to be in good agreement (R(2) = 0.98) with the observed data. Additional simulations with HYDRUS were used to study the effects of various design parameters on soil wetting. Increasing the system pressure increased the size of the wetted zone. The installation depth affects the recommended lateral spacing as well as the amount of evaporative water loss. For a given water application, the potential rate of surface evaporation affected the shape of the wetted region only minimally. Soil texture, due to its connection to soil hydraulic conductivity and water retention, has a larger impact on the wetting geometry. In general, greater horizontal spreading occurs in fine texture soils, or in the case of layered soils, in the finer textured layers. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Siyal, A. A.] Sindh Agr Univ, Dept Land & Water Management, Tandojam, Pakistan.
[Skaggs, T. H.] ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
RP Siyal, AA (reprint author), Sindh Agr Univ, Dept Land & Water Management, Tandojam, Pakistan.
EM siyal@yahoo.com; Todd.Skaggs@ars.usda.gov
NR 25
TC 19
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3774
J9 AGR WATER MANAGE
JI Agric. Water Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 6
BP 893
EP 904
DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2008.11.013
PG 12
WC Agronomy; Water Resources
SC Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 435HZ
UT WOS:000265336300001
ER
PT J
AU Vories, ED
Tacker, PL
Lancaster, SW
Glover, RE
AF Vories, E. D.
Tacker, P. L.
Lancaster, S. W.
Glover, R. E.
TI Subsurface drip irrigation of corn in the United States Mid-South
SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE SDI; Maize; Water management; Crop management
ID LEPA IRRIGATION; WATER; YIELD
AB Although rainfall in the United States Mid-South is sufficient to produce corn (Zea mays L.) without irrigation in most years, timely irrigation has been shown to increase yields. The recent interest in ethanol fuels is expected to lead to increases in US corn production, and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) is one possible way to increase application efficiency and thereby reduce water use. The objective of this study was to determine the response of SDI-irrigated corn produced in the US Mid-South. Field studies were conducted at the University of Arkansas Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser during the 2002-2004 growing seasons. The soil was mixed, with areas of fine sandy loam, loamy sand, and silty clay. SDI tubing was placed under every row at a depth of approximately 30 cm. Three irrigation levels were compared, with irrigation replacing 100% and 60% of estimated daily water use and no irrigations. The split plot treatment was hybrid, with three hybrids of different relative maturities. Although the 3-year means indicated significantly lower yields for a nonirrigated treatment, no significant differences were observed among the treatments in 2003 or 2004. A large difference was observed in 2002, the year with the least rainfall during the study period, but no difference was detected between the two irrigated treatments in any year. The treatment with the lower water application had the higher irrigation water use efficiency. Although the results of this study suggested that replacing 60% of the estimated daily evapotranspiration with SDI is sufficient for maximum corn yields, additional observations will be needed to determine whether corn production with SDI is feasible in the region and to develop recommendations for farmers choosing to adopt the method. Improved weather forecasting and crop coefficient functions developed specifically for the region should also contribute to more efficient irrigation management. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Vories, E. D.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Portageville, MO 63873 USA.
[Tacker, P. L.] Univ Arkansas, Cooperat Extens Serv, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA.
[Lancaster, S. W.; Glover, R. E.] ARS, NE Res & Extens Ctr, Keiser, AR USA.
RP Vories, ED (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, POB 160, Portageville, MO 63873 USA.
EM Earl.Vories@ars.usda.gov
FU Arkansas Corn; Grain Sorghum Promotion Board
FX Funding for these studies was provided by the Arkansas Corn and Grain
Sorghum Promotion Board.
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3774
EI 1873-2283
J9 AGR WATER MANAGE
JI Agric. Water Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 6
BP 912
EP 916
DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2008.12.004
PG 5
WC Agronomy; Water Resources
SC Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 435HZ
UT WOS:000265336300003
ER
PT J
AU Powell, JM
Russelle, MP
AF Powell, J. Mark
Russelle, Michael P.
TI Dairy heifer management impacts manure N collection and cycling through
crops in Wisconsin, USA
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Heifers; Manure; Feces; Urine; Manure management; Nitrogen cycling
ID RATE CONE PENETROMETER; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; PREDICTION; EXCRETION;
CATTLE; URINE; FARMS; N-15
AB Escalating energy and fertilizer N prices have renewed farmer interests in methods that reduce Manure management costs and enhance the fertilizer value of manure. At the same time, air quality legislation seeks to mitigate ammonia loss from animal operations. We compared two dairy heifer management practices on manure N capture and recycling through crops: the conventional practice of barn manure collection and land application,and corralling heifers directly oil cropland. Heifers were kept in a barn for two (B2) or four (B4) days and manure was hauled to fields, or heifers were corralled directly on cropland for two (C2) or four (C4) days. Four Successive manure application seasons, spring-summer (SS), fall-winter (FW), summer (S) and winter (W) were evaluated over 2 years. Each season was followed by 3-year crop rotations: SS and S by wheat (Triticum spp, L.), sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), winter rye (Secale cereale L.), corn (Zea mays L.), winter rye, and corn: and FW and W by corn, winter rye, corn, winter rye, and corn. Corralling resulted in 50-65% greater N applications than barn manure. In barn N losses (% of excreted manure N, ExN) were greater from B4 (30%) than B2 (20%). Apparent N recovery of applied manure N (ANR) by wheat ranged from 13% to 25% at the lower (B2 and C2) application rates and 8-14% at the higher (B4 and C4) rates. First-year corn following FW had ANR of 13-32% at the lower (B2 and C2) application rates and 9-20% of applied N at the higher (B4 and C4) rates. As a percent of ExN, ANR over the 3 year rotation from C2 was 50%, B2 35%, C4 30% and B4 22%. Overall results demonstrated that corralling dairy heifers on cropland reduces ammonia loss and improves urine N capture and recycling through Crops. published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Powell, J. Mark; Russelle, Michael P.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Powell, J. Mark; Russelle, Michael P.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Powell, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM mark.powell@ars.usda.gov
NR 27
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Z9 7
U1 3
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 3-4
BP 170
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2009.01.012
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 438LK
UT WOS:000265556700007
ER
PT J
AU Cabrera, VE
Stavast, LJ
Baker, TT
Wood, MK
Cram, DS
Flynn, RP
Ulery, AL
AF Cabrera, V. E.
Stavast, L. J.
Baker, T. T.
Wood, M. K.
Cram, D. S.
Flynn, R. P.
Ulery, A. L.
TI Soil and runoff response to dairy manure application on New Mexico
rangeland
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Organic amendment; Soil fertility; Dairy nutrient utilization;
Environmental stewardship
ID DEGRADED SEMIARID ECOSYSTEM; BLUE GRAMA RANGELAND; BIOSOLIDS
APPLICATION; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; SURFACE WATERS;
PHOSPHORUS; INFILTRATION; QUALITY; FERTILIZERS
AB Manure disposal is a major challenge for the fast-growing dairy industry in New Mexico. There are Currently over 355,000 milking cows in the state and limited cropland on which to use the manure generated by these cows. On the other hand, 80% of the state lands classified as rangelands are suffering from a lack of organic matter and nutrients. Application of dairy Manure to rangelands Could serve a dual purpose: (1) manure disposal from dairies and (2) soil amendment to improve soil characteristics and promote herbaceous production. Manure was applied at two rates according to phosphorus (P) content: (1) a recommended (light) rate (54 kg P ha(-1)) to enhance blue grama growth and (2) a gross over-application (heavy) rate (493 kg P ha-1) to determine the effects on runoff and soil properties. Light applications enhanced soil properties including decreased sediment runoff, increased soil organic matter, increased extractable P, and increased soil moisture, whereas heavy applications increased soil salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, and runoff water. Dairy manure can be safely applied at light rates to conserve and enhance rangeland soil properties and their herbaceous productivity. Manure disposal at heavy rates are unsafe. Further Study is required to find out if other safe disposal exists between the light and heavy treatments. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Cabrera, V. E.; Baker, T. T.; Cram, D. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stavast, L. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Wood, M. K.] New Mexico Water Resources Res Inst, Las Cruces, NM USA.
[Flynn, R. P.] New Mexico State Univ, Extens Plant Sci Dept, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Ulery, A. L.] New Mexico State Univ, Plant & Environm Sci Dept, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Cabrera, VE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, 1675 Observ Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM vcabrera@wisc.edu
FU New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA
FX Financial support was provided by the New Mexico Agricultural Experiment
Station and a USDA CSREES Special Grant for Range-land Ecosystem
Research. Authors wish to thank Dr. R. Steiner for assistance with
statistical analyses and the U.S. Forest Service for the use of the
study plots.
NR 61
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U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 3-4
BP 255
EP 262
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2009.01.022
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 438LK
UT WOS:000265556700017
ER
PT J
AU Ippolito, JA
Barbarick, KA
Brobst, RB
AF Ippolito, J. A.
Barbarick, K. A.
Brobst, R. B.
TI Fate of biosolids Cu and Zn in a semi-arid grassland
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE 4 M HNO(3) extraction; Biosolids-borne metals; Mobility; Semi-arid
grassland; Sequential extraction
ID SLUDGE-TREATED SOILS; CLAY LOAM SOIL; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; HEAVY-METALS;
TRACE-ELEMENTS; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; AGRICULTURAL SOILS;
BIOAVAILABILITY; SPECIATION; CHEMISTRY
AB Biosolids land application applies varying trace metal amounts to Soils. Measuring total soil metals is typically performed to ensure environmental protection, Yet this technique does not quantify Which Soil phases play important metal release or attenuation roles. We assessed the distribution of biosolids-borne Cu and Zn associated with soluble/exchangeable, specifically adsorbed/carbonate-bound,,amorphous and crystalline Mn/Fe oxyhydroxide-bound, residual organic, and residual inorganic phases. Biosolids Were surface-applied (no incorporation) to experimental plots, at the Meadow Springs Ranch (40 53'46 '' N, 104 52'28 '' W) which is owned by the city of Fort Collins, CO, USA, in 1991 at rates of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 2 1, and 30 Mg ha(-1). Plots were split in half in 2002, with one-half receiving biosolids at rates identical to 1991 rates. In 2003, 0-8, 8-15, and 15-30-cm soil depths were collected and subjected to 4 M HNO(3) digestion and Sequential fractionation. The 4 M HNO(3) extraction Suggested downward Cu transport, while Zn was immobilized ill the Soil Surface. The sequential extraction procedure, more sensitive to changes in soil metal Pools, Suggested that repeated biosolids application did not affect vertical Zn movement, but did increase the downward transport potential of organically complexed Cu. In the given time, organically complexed Cu was likely mineralized and subsequently associated with soil mineral oxide phases. Because bioavailability of Cu is associated with dissolved phases, and soluble/exchangeable Cu concentrations were below detection limits in the Subsoil, a reduction in environmental quality should be minimal. Still, we advocate that On coarse-textured semi-arid soils, biosolids application rates Should match the plant N needs to avoid potential downward trace metal transport. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Barbarick, K. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Brobst, R. B.] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NWISRL, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA.
EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov
RI Barbarick, Kenneth/B-7974-2013
OI Barbarick, Kenneth/0000-0002-8779-0740
FU USEPA [CP988928-01]
FX The USDA-ARS and Colorado State University gratefully acknowledges USEPA
Region 8 (Grant #CP988928-01) for its financial, technical, and
administrative assistance in funding and managing the project through
which this information was discovered. We additionally thank the City of
Fort Collins, Colorado for their continued support of this project.
NR 50
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U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 3-4
BP 325
EP 332
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2009.02.013
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 438LK
UT WOS:000265556700025
ER
PT J
AU Ares, A
Burner, DM
Brauer, DK
AF Ares, Adrian
Burner, David M.
Brauer, David K.
TI Soil phosphorus and water effects on growth, nutrient and carbohydrate
concentrations, delta C-13, and nodulation of mimosa (Albizia
julibrissin Durz.) on a highly weathered soil
SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mimosa; Irrigation; P nutrition; Stable carbon isotopes
ID PINUS-PINASTER; NITROGEN; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SEEDLINGS; USA;
DISCRIMINATION; NUTRITION; RESPONSES; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS
AB Growth and physiological performance of multipurpose tree species can be severely constrained by low phosphorus (P) availability in highly weathered soils. Limitations to plant growth are accentuated by seasonal dry periods. The overall objective of this study was to examine P fertilization and irrigation effects on survival, growth, biomass partitioning, foliar nutrients, intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUE) indexed by delta C-13, Rhizobium nodulation, and carbohydrate content as an indicator of resprouting potential, of mimosa (Albizia julibrissin Durz.), a N-2-fixing tree species being tested for browse in agroforestry practices in south-central USA. In a field experiment carried out during two growing seasons near Booneville, Arkansas, USA, mimosa had a strong growth response to irrigation. The trial was arranged in a split plot design with three replications with irrigation as main plot treatment and P as sub-plot treatment. Mean total plant aboveground biomass at the end of the second growing season was 9.8 and 44.1 g plant(-1) for the rainfed treatment without and with 300 mm of irrigation water, respectively. Placed P fertilization increased mean total aboveground biomass from 19 g plant(-1) for the 0-P treatment to 69 g plant(-1) for the treatment with 90 kg P ha(-1) year(-1). Similarly, irrigation consistently increased stem basal diameter, total height, survival, root, stem, foliar and total aboveground biomass, and number of nodules per plant. Phosphorus fertilization increased basal diameter, and root and stem biomass in both irrigation treatments, survival and nodulation in the rainfed treatment, and foliar and total aboveground biomass in the rainfed +300 mm irrigation treatment. There was a decrease of foliar delta C-13 suggesting that WUE decreased with P fertilization. In a pot experiment, seedlings were subjected to a factorial combination of two irrigation treatments and six P levels in a randomized complete block design. Irrigation increased basal diameter, root, stem, foliar and total biomass, leaf area and nodulation, whereas P fertilization (i.e., levels from 0 to 3.68 g P kg(-1) soil) had similar effect in all the above variables except foliar biomass. Foliar P concentration to obtain 90% of the maximum total plant biomass (critical level) was estimated at 0.157%. Total nonstructural and water soluble carbohydrate, and starch concentrations increased non-linearly with irrigation and P addition suggesting impaired re-growth potential after defoliation of seedlings with reduced water supply and at low soil P availability. Results of this study indicated strong limitations for growth and regrowth potential of mimosa on a highly weathered soil with very low P availability and seasonal water content shortages. Placed (i.e., near the plant base) application of P appeared to be a good strategy to fertilize perennial woody plants.
C1 [Ares, Adrian] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Burner, David M.] ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR USA.
[Brauer, David K.] ARS, USDA, Bushland, TX USA.
RP Ares, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM adrian@hawaii.edu
NR 42
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U1 5
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-4366
J9 AGROFOREST SYST
JI Agrofor. Syst.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 76
IS 2
BP 317
EP 325
DI 10.1007/s10457-009-9213-2
PG 9
WC Agronomy; Forestry
SC Agriculture; Forestry
GA 449NH
UT WOS:000266336800006
ER
PT J
AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G
Sammataro, D
Alarcon, R
AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria
Sammataro, Diana
Alarcon, Ruben
TI THE IMPORTANCE Of MICROBES IN NUTRITION AND HEALTH OF HONEY BEE COLONIES
PART I OF THREE PARTS
SO AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROBIOLOGY; POLLEN; BREAD
C1 [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria; Sammataro, Diana; Alarcon, Ruben] ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, USDA, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
NR 5
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Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU DADANT & SONS INC
PI HAMILTON
PA AMER BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, IL 62341 USA
SN 0002-7626
J9 AM BEE J
JI Am. Bee J.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 149
IS 6
BP 583
EP 584
PG 2
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 448UL
UT WOS:000266287400021
ER
PT J
AU Dilcher, DL
Kowalski, EA
Wiemann, MC
Hinojosa, LF
Lott, TA
AF Dilcher, David L.
Kowalski, Elizabeth A.
Wiemann, Michael C.
Felipe Hinojosa, Luis
Lott, Terry A.
TI A CLIMATIC AND TAXONOMIC COMPARISON BETWEEN LEAF LITTER AND STANDING
VEGETATION FROM A FLORIDA SWAMP WOODLAND
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE CLAMP; climate; leaf litter; dicotyledons; Florida; warm temperate
woodland
ID FOSSIL RECORD; TAPHONOMIC CONSTRAINTS; MARGIN ANALYSIS; LEAVES;
PALEOBOTANY; ASSEMBLAGES; CHARACTERS; EOCENE; FLORAS; FOREST
AB One method to determine past climate has been the use of leaf morphological characteristics of fossil leaves quantified using modern climate and canopy leaf characteristics. Fossil assemblages are composed of abscised leaves, and climate may be more accurately determined by using leaves from leaf litter instead of the canopy. To better understand whether taphonomic processes make a difference in this relationship, a north-central Florida woodland was sampled to determine the morphologically based climate estimates from these leaves. Leaves from woody, dicotyledonous plants were collected and identified, then compared using presence/absence data and analyzed using several linear regression equations and the CLAMP data set. Although the majority of standing vegetation was reflected in leaf litter, some inconsistencies were observed, which may reflect plant community structure or sampling technique. Mean annual temperature (MAT) and growing season precipitation (GSP) were estimated from leaf litter morphological characters and living leaves. Overall, values for MAT estimated from litter and living leaves were cooler than actual MATs, although several accurate and high estimates were obtained depending on the predictive method used. Estimated GSP values were higher than actual GSPs. Statistically, no difference was observed between MAT and GSP estimates derived from leaf litter vs. estimates derived from living leaves, with one exception.
C1 [Dilcher, David L.; Kowalski, Elizabeth A.; Lott, Terry A.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Wiemann, Michael C.] USDA, Forest Serv Prod Lab, Ctr Wood Anat Res, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Felipe Hinojosa, Luis] Univ Chile, Lab Sistemat & Ecol Vegetal, Santiago, Chile.
[Felipe Hinojosa, Luis] Inst Milenio Ecol & Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile.
RP Dilcher, DL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM dilcher@flmnh.ufl.edu
RI Hinojosa, Luis Felipe/A-7599-2008
OI Hinojosa, Luis Felipe/0000-0001-5646-649X
FU National Science Foundation [INT 9724122, EAR 9615755]; FONDECYT
[1060041]
FX The authors thank T. Devanzo, L. Uriarte, D. Jimenez, and R. Dupont for
sorting and measuring the specimens from the leaf litter; M. Shardell
for assistance in the statistical analysis, and R. Burnham, B. Jacobs,
B. Tiffney, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This
research was supported by the National Science Foundation (INT 9724122
and EAR 9615755). L. F. Hinojosa was partially financed by FONDECYT
1060041, This report is number 528 in the series University of Florida
Contributions to Paleontology.
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 6
BP 1108
EP 1115
DI 10.3732/ajb.0800361
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 454LZ
UT WOS:000266684800006
PM 21628261
ER
PT J
AU Zalapa, JE
Brunet, J
Guries, RP
AF Zalapa, Juan E.
Brunet, Johanne
Guries, Raymond P.
TI PATTERNS OF HYBRIDIZATION AND INTROGRESSION BETWEEN INVASIVE ULMUS
PUMILA (ULMACEAE) AND NATIVE U. RUBRA
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dutch elm disease; hybrid zones; invasive species; microsatellites; red
elm; Siberian elm; species-specific markers
ID DUTCH ELM DISEASE; CROSS-SPECIES AMPLIFICATION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS;
CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; EVOLUTION; AMERICA; PLANTS; CHINA; USA
AB Natural hybridization between introduced species and their native congeners occurs frequently and can create serious conservation concerns. Ulmus pumila (Siberian elm) is in introduced Asian elm species that has naturalized in the United States and is now considered invasive in 41 states. Red elm (U. rubra), a native to the eastern United States, often occurs in sympatry with Siberian elm, and the two species are thought to hybridize. Here, we genetically characterized reference populations of the two elm species to identify species-specific microsatellite alleles. These markers were used to classify individuals in putative hybrid zones as parental species or hybrids. assess the extent of hybridization, and track patterns of introgression. We identified nine U. rubra, 32 U. pumila, and 51 hybrid individuals in our hybrid zones. Of the 51 hybrids, 35 were classified as first-generation hybrids and 16 as backcrosses. The majority of the backcrosses (88%) were introgressed toward U. pumila. Our classification of genotypes was consistent whether we used manual classification, principal coordinate analyses or Bayesian clustering. We observed greater genetic diversity and new combination of alleles in the hybrids. Our study indicates widespread hybridization between U. pumila and U. rubra and an asymmetric pattern of introgression toward U. pumila.
C1 [Zalapa, Juan E.; Brunet, Johanne] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Zalapa, Juan E.; Guries, Raymond P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Zalapa, JE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jezalapa@wic.edu
FU National Science Foundation [40409651]; USDA-ARS
FX The authors thank D. Stevens for help identifying. and collecting elms,
D. Spooner and Z. Larson-Rabin for comments on the manuscript, and D.
Fajardo, M. Ames, and F. Rodriguez for helpful discussion. The authors,
thank the National Science Foundation Minority Post-doctoral Fellowship
to J.E.Z. (NSF award 40409651) and funding from the USDA-ARS to J.B. I
NR 44
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U1 2
U2 33
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 6
BP 1116
EP 1128
DI 10.3732/ajb.0800334
PG 13
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 454LZ
UT WOS:000266684800007
PM 21628262
ER
PT J
AU Spooner, DM
AF Spooner, David M.
TI DNA BARCODING WILL FREQUENTLY FAIL IN COMPLICATED GROUPS: AN EXAMPLE IN
WILD POTATOES
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Review
DE DNA barcoding; ITS; matK; molecular phylogeny; potato; Solanum sect.
Petota; trnH-psbA intergenic spacer
ID SOLANUM SECT PETOTA; BREVICAULE COMPLEX SOLANACEAE; RESTRICTION SITE
VARIATION; PARASITOID FLIES DIPTERA; SPECIES BOUNDARIES; CHLOROPLAST
DNA; MOLECULAR-DATA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; SERIES MEGISTACROLOBA;
COLLECTING EXPEDITION
AB DNA bat-coding ("barcoding") has been proposed as a rapid and practical molecular method to identify species via diagnostic variation in short orthologous DNA sequences from one or a few universal genomic regions. It seeks to address ill a rapid and simple way the "taxonomic impediment" of a greater need for taxonomic identifications than call be supplied by taxonomists. Using a complicated plant group, Solanum sect. Petota (wild potatoes). I tested barcoding with the most variable and frequently Suggested plant barcoding re.-ions: the internal nontranscribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) and the plastid markers trnH-psbA intergenic spacer and matK. These DNA regions fail to provide species-specific markers in sect. Petota because the ITS has too much intraspecific variation and the plastid markers lack sufficient polymorphism. The complications seen in wild potatoes are common in many plant groups, but they have not been assessed with barcoding. Barcoding is a retroactive procedure that relies oil well-defined species to function, is based solely oil a limited number of DNA sequences that are often inappropriate at the species level, has been poorly tested with geographically well-dispersed replicate samples front difficult taxonomic groups. and discounts substantial practical and theoretical problems in defining species.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
FU USDA; NSF [DEB 0316614]
FX The author thanks H. Ballard, F Rodriguez, H. Ruess, and S. Stephenson
for technical assistance; G. Anderson and L. Bolts for DNA samples; the
staff of the US Potato Genebank and the C. M. Rick Tomato Genetic
Resources Center for seed samples, and M. Ames, P. Bretting, K. Cameron,
J, Doyle, K. Holmquist, A. Miller, J. C. Pires, N. I. Platnick, P.
Raven, L. Rieseberg, and J. Wendel for discussion or review. This
research was supported by USDA and NSF DEB 0316614 entitled "PBI
Solanum: A worldwide treatment".
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U2 39
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 96
IS 6
BP 1177
EP 1189
DI 10.3732/ajb.0800246
PG 13
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 454LZ
UT WOS:000266684800013
PM 21628268
ER
PT J
AU Tang, GW
Qin, J
Dolnikowski, GG
Russell, RM
Grusak, MA
AF Tang, Guangwen
Qin, Jian
Dolnikowski, Gregory G.
Russell, Robert M.
Grusak, Michael A.
TI Golden Rice is an effective source of vitamin A
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BETA-CAROTENE; CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; LEAFY
VEGETABLES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DARK-GREEN; RETINOL; HUMANS; CHILDREN;
SCHOOLCHILDREN
AB Background: Genetically engineered "Golden Rice'' contains up to 35 mu g beta-carotene per gram of rice. It is important to determine the vitamin A equivalency of Golden Rice beta-carotene to project the potential effect of this biofortified grain in rice-consuming populations that commonly exhibit low vitamin A status.
Objective: The objective was to determine the vitamin A value of intrinsically labeled dietary Golden Rice in humans.
Design: Golden Rice plants were grown hydroponically with heavy water (deuterium oxide) to generate deuterium-labeled [(2)H]beta-carotene in the rice grains. Golden Rice servings of 65-98 g (130 200 g cooked rice) containing 0.99-1.53 mg beta-carotene were fed to 5 healthy adult volunteers (3 women and 2 men) with 10 g butter. A reference dose of [(13)C(10)] retinyl acetate (0.4-1.0 mg) in oil was given to each volunteer 1 wk before ingestion of the Golden Rice dose. Blood samples were collected over 36 d.
Results: Our results showed that the mean (+/- SD) area under the curve for the total serum response to [(2)H] retinol was 39.9 +/- 20.7 mu g . d after the Golden Rice dose. Compared with that of the [(13)C(10)] retinyl acetate reference dose (84.7 +/- 34.6 mu g . d), Golden Rice beta-carotene provided 0.24-0.94 mg retinol. Thus, the conversion factor of Golden Rice beta-carotene to retinol is 3.8 +/- 1.7 to 1 with a range of 1.9-6.4 to 1 by weight, or 2.0 +/- 0.9 to 1 with a range of 1.0-3.4 to 1 by moles.
Conclusion: beta-Carotene derived from Golden Rice is effectively converted to vitamin A in humans. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials. gov as NCT00680355. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1776-83.
C1 [Tang, Guangwen; Qin, Jian; Dolnikowski, Gregory G.; Russell, Robert M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Tang, GW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM guangwen.tang@tufts.edu
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK620021]
NR 29
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Z9 110
U1 41
U2 177
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 6
BP 1776
EP 1783
DI 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27119
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 448EI
UT WOS:000266245500011
PM 19369372
ER
PT J
AU Hunt, JR
Zito, CA
Johnson, LK
AF Hunt, Janet R.
Zito, Carol Ann
Johnson, LuAnn K.
TI Body iron excretion by healthy men and women
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID MENSTRUAL BLOOD LOSS; NONHEME-IRON; INITIAL UPTAKE; HEME-IRON; RED CELL;
ABSORPTION; ADAPTATION; BIOAVAILABILITY; HEMATOCRIT; CALCIUM
AB Background: Iron excretion measured by isotope dilution has been a primary basis for the factorial derivation of recommendations for iron intake, but the results have been available for men only.
Objective: The objective of this study was to confirm iron excretion measurements in healthy men and extend them to women.
Design: The turnover rate of (55)Fe that had been administered >= 1 y earlier was determined from blood sampled semiannually for up to 3 y from 53 subjects in the community. Body iron was determined from hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and transferrin receptor. Complete menstrual collections were obtained from 13 women.
Results: The total median (range) iron excretion was 1.18 (0.11-2.07) mg/d for 29 men, 1.58 (0.65-4.88) mg/d for 19 menstruating women, and 0.99 (0.86-1.57) for 5 postmenopausal women. When hormonal contraceptive users were omitted, the median for 15 menstruating women increased to 1.66 mg/d. The distribution of iron excretion was normal for the men and postmenopausal women and was highly skewed for the menstruating women; menstrual iron accounted for 90% of the variation. Iron excretion was not strongly related to body weight. Body iron in menstruating women decreased somewhat (by 4.6%) in the men and tended to increase (by 1.5%) during the study.
Conclusions: The results extend direct iron excretion measurements in men to include similar measurements in women. The results emphasize the wide range of iron excretion in humans, which results in a 40-fold range of requirements for absorbed iron. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00755105. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1792-8.
C1 [Hunt, Janet R.; Zito, Carol Ann; Johnson, LuAnn K.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[Johnson, LuAnn K.] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA.
RP Hunt, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N,Stop 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM janetrhunt@gmail.com
FU USDA Agricultural Research Service
FX Supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service.
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 6
BP 1792
EP 1798
DI 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27439
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 448EI
UT WOS:000266245500013
PM 19386738
ER
PT J
AU Shea, MK
O'Donnell, CJ
Hoffmann, U
Dallal, GE
Dawson-Hughes, B
Ordovas, JM
Price, PA
Williamson, MK
Booth, SL
AF Shea, M. Kyla
O'Donnell, Christopher J.
Hoffmann, Udo
Dallal, Gerard E.
Dawson-Hughes, Bess
Ordovas, Jose M.
Price, Paul A.
Williamson, Matthew K.
Booth, Sarah L.
TI Vitamin K supplementation and progression of coronary artery calcium in
older men and women
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID MATRIX GLA PROTEIN; GAMMA-CARBOXYGLUTAMIC ACID; VASCULAR CALCIFICATION;
ASYMPTOMATIC SUBJECTS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ATHEROSCLEROSIS MESA;
COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; RISK-FACTORS; WARFARIN; ATORVASTATIN
AB Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. A preventive role for vitamin K in CAC progression has been proposed on the basis of the properties of matrix Gla protein (MGP) as a vitamin K-dependent calcification inhibitor.
Objective: The objective was to determine the effect of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) supplementation on CAC progression in older men and women.
Design: CAC was measured at baseline and after 3 y of follow-up in 388 healthy men and postmenopausal women; 200 received a multivitamin with 500 mu g phylloquinone/d (treatment), and 188 received a multivitamin alone (control).
Results: In an intention-to-treat analysis, there was no difference in CAC progression between the phylloquinone group and the control group; the mean (+/- SEM) changes in Agatston scores were 27 +/- 6 and 37 +/- 7, respectively. In a subgroup analysis of participants who were >= 85% adherent to supplementation (n = 367), there was less CAC progression in the phylloquinone group than in the control group (P = 0.03). Of those with preexisting CAC (Agatston score > 10), those who received phylloquinone supplements had 6% less progression than did those who received the multivitamin alone (P = 0.04). Phylloquinone-associated decreases in CAC progression were independent of changes in serum MGP. MGP carboxylation status was not determined.
Conclusions: Phylloquinone supplementation slows the progression of CAC in healthy older adults with preexisting CAC, independent of its effect on total MGP concentrations. Because our data are hypothesis-generating, further studies are warranted to clarify this mechanism. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials. gov as NCT00183001. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1799-807.
C1 [Shea, M. Kyla; Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Ordovas, Jose M.; Booth, Sarah L.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[O'Donnell, Christopher J.] NHLBI, Framingham Heart Study, Bethesda, MD USA.
[O'Donnell, Christopher J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[Hoffmann, Udo] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, CIMIT, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[Price, Paul A.; Williamson, Matthew K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Booth, SL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM sarah.booth@tufts.edu
OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680
FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
[58-1950-7-707]; National Institutes of Health [AG14759, HL69272,
T32HL69772]; American Heart Association [0515605T]
FX Supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, under Cooperative Agreement no. 58-1950-7-707; National
Institutes of Health (AG14759, HL69272, and T32HL69772); and the
American Heart Association (0515605T).
NR 37
TC 65
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 6
BP 1799
EP 1807
DI 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27338
PG 9
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 448EI
UT WOS:000266245500014
PM 19386744
ER
PT J
AU Combs, GF
Midthune, DN
Patterson, KY
Canfield, WK
Hill, AD
Levander, OA
Taylor, PR
Moler, JE
Patterson, BH
AF Combs, Gerald F., Jr.
Midthune, Douglas N.
Patterson, Kristine Y.
Canfield, Wesley K.
Hill, A. David
Levander, Orville A.
Taylor, Philip R.
Moler, James E.
Patterson, Blossom H.
TI Effects of selenomethionine supplementation on selenium status and
thyroid hormone concentrations in healthy adults
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AUTOIMMUNE-THYROIDITIS; IODOTHYRONINE
DEIODINASE; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; METABOLISM; IODINE; DEFICIENT;
POPULATION; CHILDREN; BLOOD
AB Background: Selenium, a potential cancer prevention agent currently being tested against prostate cancer in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), plays an integral role in thyroid metabolism. The effects of long-term selenium supplementation on thyroid hormone concentrations are unknown.
Objective: The objective was to investigate the effects of long-term selenium supplementation on thyroid hormone concentrations.
Design: Twenty-eight healthy adults took 200 mu g selenomethionine/d for 28 mo. The thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T(3)), thyroxine (T(4)), and thyrotropin (TSH) were measured in plasma for 4 mo before supplementation and quarterly during supplementation. The assay methods were changed midstudy; the results of the 2 methods were not comparable. Therefore, one analysis was conducted based on the results of the first method, and a second analysis was based on all of the data, adjusted for the change. Serial data collection permitted a test for trends rather than simply a difference between initial and final values.
Results: By 9 mo, mean (+/- SEM) plasma selenium concentrations had increased from 1.78 +/- 0.07 mu mol/L at baseline to 2.85 +/- 0.11 mu mol/L for men and from 1.64 +/- 0.04 to 3.32 +/- 0.1.2 mu mol/L for women. T(3) concentrations in men increased 5% per year (P = 0.01). T(4) and TSH concentrations were unchanged.
Conclusions: Selenium supplementation produced no clinically significant changes in thyroid hormone concentrations. A small but statistically significant increase in T(3) concentrations was noted in men, with no corresponding decreases in TSH. A subset of SELECT subjects might be monitored periodically for changes during long-term selenium supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1808-14.
C1 [Combs, Gerald F., Jr.; Canfield, Wesley K.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Midthune, Douglas N.; Taylor, Philip R.; Patterson, Blossom H.] NCI, Canc Prevent Div, Rockville, MD USA.
[Patterson, Kristine Y.; Hill, A. David; Levander, Orville A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Moler, James E.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Combs, GF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM gerald.combs@ars.usda.gov
OI Moler, James/0000-0001-8738-6898
FU NIH, the National Cancer Institute; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and
Genetics
FX Supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, the National
Cancer Institute, and the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
through an interagency agreement with the Agricultural Research Service
and a specific cooperative agreement with Cornell University.
NR 43
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 6
BP 1808
EP 1814
DI 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27356
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 448EI
UT WOS:000266245500015
PM 19403637
ER
PT J
AU Mohammad, MA
Sunehag, AL
Haymond, MW
AF Mohammad, Mahmoud A.
Sunehag, Agneta L.
Haymond, Morey W.
TI Effect of dietary macronutrient composition under moderate hypocaloric
intake on maternal adaptation during lactation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-CARBOHYDRATE-DIET; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; LOW-FAT; SUBSTRATE OXIDATION;
ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; BODY-COMPOSITION; MILK-PRODUCTION; WEIGHT-LOSS;
WOMEN; HEALTHY
AB Background: No evidence-based recommendations exist concerning what dietary macronutrient composition optimizes weight loss during lactation while maintaining milk production.
Objectives: The study was designed to test the following hypotheses: compared with a reduced-calorie, high-carbohydrate (H-CHO) diet, an isonitrogenous, isocaloric high-fat (H-F) diet will decrease milk production and carbohydrate oxidation, increase gluconeogenesis and hexoneogenesis, and not affect energy balance.
Design: Seven healthy lactating mothers and their infants were studied on 2 occasions in random order for 8 d separated by 1-2 wk. On one occasion, the subjects received the H-F (30% of energy as carbohydrate and 55% as fat) diet and on the other occasion received the H-CHO (60% of energy as carbohydrate and 25% as fat) diet. Milk production, infant intakes, and substrate and hormone concentrations were measured. Glucose rates of appearance, production, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and hexoneogenesis were measured by using stable-isotope gas chromatography-mass spectrometric techniques, and energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured by using indirect calorimetry.
Results: Milk volume, lactose, and protein concentrations were unaffected. Milk fat, energy, and infant intakes were higher (P < 0.05) during the H-F diet. Neither gluconeogenesis nor hexoneogenesis was different. During the H-F diet, energy expenditure and fat and protein oxidation rates were higher (P < 0.05), and the daily energy balance deficit was greater (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: Milk fat, energy output, and energy expenditure were higher during the H-F diet, which resulted in a greater negative energy balance. The lactating mothers adapted to a low carbohydrate intake by decreasing carbohydrate oxidation. Additional studies are warranted to determine whether a hypocaloric H-F diet might promote weight loss to a greater extent than the H-CHO diet while maintaining milk production. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1821-7.
C1 [Mohammad, Mahmoud A.; Sunehag, Agneta L.; Haymond, Morey W.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Haymond, MW (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM mhaymond@bcm.tmc.edu
RI Biguzzi, Felipe/E-4724-2015;
OI Mohammad, Mahmoud/0000-0002-6535-5529
FU NIH [RO1DK 55478, HD 37857]; Baylor General Clinical Research Center
[MO1-RR-00188-34]
FX Supported by NIH grants RO1DK 55478 and HD 37857 and Baylor General
Clinical Research Center grant MO1-RR-00188-34.
NR 26
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 6
BP 1821
EP 1827
DI 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26877
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 448EI
UT WOS:000266245500017
PM 19386740
ER
PT J
AU Chanson, A
Parnell, LD
Ciappio, ED
Liu, ZH
Crott, JW
Tucker, KL
Mason, JB
AF Chanson, Aurelie
Parnell, Laurence D.
Ciappio, Eric D.
Liu, Zhenhua
Crott, Jimmy W.
Tucker, Katherine L.
Mason, Joel B.
TI Polymorphisms in uracil-processing genes, but not one-carbon nutrients,
are associated with altered DNA uracil concentrations in an urban Puerto
Rican population
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID BREAST-CANCER RISK; PLASMA VITAMIN-B-12 CONCENTRATIONS; PERFORMANCE
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EXCISION-REPAIR PATHWAY; FOLIC-ACID DEFICIENCY;
DOUBLE-STRAND BREAK; DIETARY-FOLATE; COLORECTAL ADENOMAS;
HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; C677T POLYMORPHISM
AB Background: Five genes-UNG, SMUG1, MBD4, TDG, and DUT-are involved in the repair or prevention of uracil misincorporation into DNA, an anomaly that can cause mutagenic events that lead to cancer. Little is known about the determinants of uracil misincorporation, including the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the abovementioned genes. Because of their metabolic function, folate and other one-carbon micronutrients may be important factors in the control of uracil misincorporation.
Objectives: We sought to identify polymorphisms in uracil-processing genes that are determinants of DNA uracil concentration and to establish whether one-carbon nutrient status can further modify their effects.
Design: We examined the relations between 23 selected variants in the 5 uracil-processing genes, uracil concentrations in whole-blood DNA, and one-carbon nutrient (folate, vitamins B-6 and B-12, and riboflavin) status in 431 participants of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.
Results: Four SNPs in DUT, UNG, and SMUG1 showed a significant association with DNA uracil concentration. The SNPs in SMUG1 (rs2029166 and rs7296239) and UNG (rs34259) were associated with increased uracil concentrations in the variant genotypes (P = 0.011, 0.022, and 0.045, respectively), whereas the DUT SNP (rs4775748) was associated with a decrease (P = 0.023). In this population, one-carbon nutrient status was not associated with DNA uracil concentration, and it did not modify the effect of these 4 identified SNPs.
Conclusion: Because elevated uracil misincorporation may induce mutagenic lesions, possibly leading to cancer, we propose that the 4 characterized SNPs in DUT, UNG, and SMUG1 may influence cancer risk and therefore deserve further investigation. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1927-36.
C1 [Chanson, Aurelie; Parnell, Laurence D.; Liu, Zhenhua; Crott, Jimmy W.; Tucker, Katherine L.; Mason, Joel B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Ciappio, Eric D.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Mason, JB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM joel.mason@tufts.edu
RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010;
OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X
FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
[58-195-07-707]; NRI; CSREES; USDA [2009-35200-05016]; NIH [P01
AG023394, K05 CA100048]
FX This material is based on work supported by the US Department of
Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under agreement no.
58-195-07-707; by grants from the NRI, CSREES, USDA under award no.
2009-35200-05016 (to AC); and by grants NIH P01 AG023394 (to KLT) and
K05 CA100048 (to JBM).
NR 58
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 89
IS 6
BP 1927
EP 1936
DI 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27429
PG 10
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 448EI
UT WOS:000266245500030
PM 19403629
ER
PT J
AU Imamura, F
Lichtenstein, AH
Dallal, GE
Jacques, PF
AF Imamura, F.
Lichtenstein, A. H.
Dallal, G. E.
Jacques, P. F.
TI GENERALIZABILITY OF DIETARY PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH INCIDENCE OF TYPE 2
DIABETES - CONCORDANCE OF EXPLORATORY AND CONFIRMATORY ANALYSIS
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research
CY JUN 23-26, 2009
CL Anaheim, CA
SP Soc Epidemiol Res
C1 [Imamura, F.; Lichtenstein, A. H.; Dallal, G. E.; Jacques, P. F.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 169
BP S122
EP S122
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 456SK
UT WOS:000266868300485
ER
PT J
AU Bauchart-Thevret, C
Stoll, B
Chacko, S
Burrin, DG
AF Bauchart-Thevret, Caroline
Stoll, Barbara
Chacko, Shaji
Burrin, Douglas G.
TI Sulfur amino acid deficiency upregulates intestinal methionine cycle
activity and suppresses epithelial growth in neonatal pigs
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
DE transmethylation; transsulfuration; remethylation; homocysteine
ID S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; REDOX STATE; CELL-PROLIFERATION; SYNTHESIS RATES;
CACO-2 CELLS; METABOLISM; GLUTATHIONE; HOMOCYSTEINE; PATHWAYS; NUTRIENT
AB Bauchart-Thevret C, Stoll B, Chacko S, Burrin DG. Sulfur amino acid deficiency upregulates intestinal methionine cycle activity and suppresses epithelial growth in neonatal pigs. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 296: E1239-E1250, 2009. First published March 17, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.91021.2008.-We recently showed that the developing gut is a significant site of methionine transmethylation to homocysteine and transsulfuration to cysteine. We hypothesized that sulfur amino acid (SAA) deficiency would preferentially reduce mucosal growth and antioxidant function in neonatal pigs. Neonatal pigs were enterally fed a control or an SAA-free diet for 7 days, and then whole body methionine and cysteine kinetics were measured using an intravenous infusion of [1-(13)C; methyl-(2)H(3)] methionine and [(15)N] cysteine. Body weight gain and plasma methionine, cysteine, homocysteine, and taurine and total erythrocyte glutathione concentrations were markedly decreased (-46% to -85%) in SAA-free compared with control pigs. Whole body methionine and cysteine fluxes were reduced, yet methionine utilization for protein synthesis and methionine remethylation were relatively preserved at the expense of methionine transsulfuration, in response to SAA deficiency. Intestinal tissue concentrations of methionine and cysteine were markedly reduced and hepatic levels were maintained in SAA-free compared with control pigs. SAA deficiency increased the activity of methionine metabolic enzymes, i.e., methionine adenosyltransferase, methionine synthase, and cystathionine beta-synthase, and S-adenosylmethionine concentration in the jejunum, whereas methionine synthase activity increased and S-adenosylmethionine level decreased in the liver. Small intestine weight and protein and DNA mass were lower, whereas liver weight and DNA mass were unchanged, in SAA-free compared with control pigs. Dietary SAA deficiency induced small intestinal villus atrophy, lower goblet cell numbers, and Ki-67-positive proliferative crypt cells in association with lower tissue glutathione, especially in the jejunum. We conclude that SAA deficiency upregulates intestinal methionine cycle activity and suppresses epithelial growth in neonatal pigs.
C1 [Burrin, Douglas G.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Burrin, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM dburrin@bcm.tmc.edu
FU US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research [58-6250-6-001];
Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center; National Institute of
Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [P30 DK-56338]; Association
pour le Developpement de la Recherche en Nutrition/Societe Francophone
Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme; Nutricia Research Foundation, and
Societe Francaise de Nutrition
FX This work is a publication of the US Department of
Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research
Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas
Children's Hospital. This work was supported by federal funds from the
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under
Cooperative Agreement 58-6250-6-001 and by the Texas Medical Center
Digestive Diseases Center supported by National Institute of Diabetes
and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Grant P30 DK-56338. The contents of
this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the
US Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names,
commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US
Government. C. Bauchart-Thevret was supported by grants from Association
pour le Developpement de la Recherche en Nutrition/Societe Francophone
Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme, Nutricia Research Foundation, and
Societe Francaise de Nutrition.
NR 45
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0193-1849
J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M
JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 296
IS 6
BP E1239
EP E1250
DI 10.1152/ajpendo.91021.2008
PG 12
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology
GA 449PM
UT WOS:000266342500006
PM 19293331
ER
PT J
AU Haynes, KG
Christ, BJ
Burkhart, CR
Vinyard, BT
AF Haynes, Kathleen G.
Christ, Barbara J.
Burkhart, Christopher R.
Vinyard, Bryan T.
TI Heritability of Resistance to Common Scab in Diploid Potatoes
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Streptomyces spp.; Solanum phureja; Solanum stenotomum; Broad-sense
heritability; Narrow-sense heritability; Genotype x environment
interactions; Solanum tuberosum
ID SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L; PLANT PATHOGENICITY; 4X-2X CROSSES; STREPTOMYCES;
SELECTION
AB Common scab, caused by several species of Streptomyces, is a serious soil-borne disease of potatoes that may cause superficial, raised or pitted lesions on potato tubers. Little is known about the genetic basis of resistance to this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine if genetic resistance to common scab exists in a diploid Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum (phu-stn) population and to estimate broad-sense (H) and narrow-sense (h(2)) heritability for resistance to common scab. Two hundred seventy-one clones from a randomly mated phu-stn population were grown from 2003-2005 in naturally Streptomyces infested soil on a grower's field in Northampton Co., PA, in a randomized complete block design replicated twice. After harvest, the proportion of tubers with scab lesions was determined. The variable analyzed by the general linear models procedure in SAS using the maximum likelihood estimation method was the arcsine ( as proportion of scabby tubers). There were significant differences among clones and the year x clone interaction was significant. H for resistance was estimated as 0.18 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.15 to 0.35. The clonal source of variation was partitioned into among families and within families. All the variation occurred within families. There was no additive genetic variance for resistance in this population, hence, h(2) was estimated as 0.00. Although levels of resistance to common scab cannot be improved by breeding in this diploid population, it may be feasible to transfer the high levels of resistance in this population to the tetraploid level via 4x-2x crosses.
C1 [Haynes, Kathleen G.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Christ, Barbara J.; Burkhart, Christopher R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Vinyard, Bryan T.] USDA ARS, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Haynes, KG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM kathleen.haynes@ars.usda.gov
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1099-209X
J9 AM J POTATO RES
JI Am. J. Potato Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 86
IS 3
BP 165
EP 170
DI 10.1007/s12230-009-9068-0
PG 6
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 445SH
UT WOS:000266071300001
ER
PT J
AU Stark, JC
Novy, RG
Whitworth, JL
Love, SL
Corsini, DL
Pavek, JJ
Vales, MI
James, SR
Hane, DC
Charlton, BA
Brown, CR
Knowles, NR
Pavek, MJ
Brandt, TL
Olsen, N
AF Stark, J. C.
Novy, R. G.
Whitworth, J. L.
Love, S. L.
Corsini, D. L.
Pavek, J. J.
Vales, M. I.
James, S. R.
Hane, D. C.
Charlton, B. A.
Brown, C. R.
Knowles, N. R.
Pavek, M. J.
Brandt, T. L.
Olsen, N.
TI Highland Russet: A Full Season, Processing Variety with High Yields of
Uniform US No. 1 Tubers
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Solanum tuberosum; Variety; Breeding; French fry
ID POTATO GERMPLASM; FRESH-MARKET; LONG RUSSET; RESISTANCE; QUALITY;
DISEASE
AB Highland Russet is a late-season potato variety with light russet skin notable for its high yield of uniform U.S. No. 1 tubers, and good processing and culinary qualities. It resulted from a 1990 cross between Ranger Russet and Russet Legend and has been evaluated for over 15 years in public and industry trials throughout the western U.S. Highland Russet was released in 2006 by the USDA-ARS and the Agricultural Experiment Stations of Idaho, Oregon and Washington and is a product of the Northwest Potato Variety (Tri-State) Development Program. It is suitable for processing into French fries and other frozen potato products and due to its large blocky shape, recovers a high proportion of fries per unit weight of tubers. Fry color and processing ratings for Highland Russet were similar to Ranger Russet and Russet Burbank but fry color uniformity was higher than either of the standard varieties. In full-season trials conducted over a three-year period in the states of Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Colorado, and California; Highland Russet averaged 7% and 9% higher total yields and 21% and 52% higher U.S. No. 1 yields than Ranger Russet and Russet Burbank, respectively. It has moderately high specific gravity, with values similar to Ranger Russet and higher than Russet Burbank. Highland Russet is moderately resistant to Verticillium wilt and powdery scab root galling, as well as to tuber infections of late blight. It is also moderately resistant to common strains of potato virus Y (PVY(O)) but is susceptible to PVY(NTN). It is moderately susceptible to pink rot, common scab, powdery scab of the tuber and early blight of the tuber, as well as to Pectobacterium soft rot and Fusarium dry rot. Highland Russet is susceptible to foliar late blight, PLRV infection, Root-knot nematode and corky ringspot but is moderately resistant to PLRV net necrosis. The incidence of hollow heart in Highland Russet is low, similar to that of Ranger Russet and lower than Russet Burbank, Blackspot bruise reaction of Highland Russet is similar to Russet Burbank but it is less susceptible to shatter bruise.
C1 [Stark, J. C.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls R&E Ctr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
[Novy, R. G.; Whitworth, J. L.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA.
[Love, S. L.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA.
[Vales, M. I.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[James, S. R.] Oregon State Univ, Cent Oregon Expt Stn, Redmond, OR 97756 USA.
[Hane, D. C.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA.
[Charlton, B. A.] Oregon State Univ, Klamath Basin Res & Extens Ctr, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA.
[Brown, C. R.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
[Knowles, N. R.; Pavek, M. J.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Brandt, T. L.; Olsen, N.] Univ Idaho, Twin Falls R&E Ctr, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA.
RP Stark, JC (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls R&E Ctr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
EM jstark@uidaho.edu
FU USDA/CSREES
FX The authors thank Margaret Bain, Mel Chappell, Lorie Ewing, Nora Fuller,
Mark Fristad, Darren Hall, Charlene Miller, Tom Salaiz, Brian Schneider,
Lura Schroeder, Penny Tubbs, Steven Wheeler, Solomon Yilma, and Jim
Whitmore, as well as our collaborators in the Western Regional Potato
Variety Trials, and the Idaho, Oregon and Washington Potato Commissions
for their contributions to the development and release of Highland
Russet. We also express thanks to Dave Hammond from Lamb Weston,
Kennewick, WA as well as our other industry cooperators for their
substantial contributions to this research effort. Development of
Highland Russet was partially funded by the USDA/CSREES Special Potato
Program Grant.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1099-209X
J9 AM J POTATO RES
JI Am. J. Potato Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 86
IS 3
BP 171
EP 182
DI 10.1007/s12230-009-9069-z
PG 12
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 445SH
UT WOS:000266071300002
ER
PT J
AU Crosslin, JM
Munyaneza, JE
AF Crosslin, James M.
Munyaneza, Joseph E.
TI Evidence that the Zebra Chip Disease and the Putative Causal Agent Can
be Maintained in Potatoes by Grafting and In Vitro
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Potato diseases; Zebra chip; Potato psyllid; Bactericera cockerelli
ID REAL-TIME; PHYTOPLASMA; PLANTS; SULC; PCR
AB In the last several years, a disorder of chipping potatoes that causes internal browning of raw tubers and very dark chip color when the tubers are fried has been described from the southwestern United States. The discoloration often shows as rays or stripes and the common name "zebra chip" (ZC) has been used to describe the disorder. Foliar symptoms include chlorosis, purpling of shoot tips, and leaf scorch. Aerial tubers are sometimes produced on diseased plants. The disease has been associated with the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, but a suspected pathogen that may be associated with the ZC disorder has only very recently been described. In our efforts to identify the causal agent we have been maintaining the disease in the greenhouse by tip grafting symptomatic potato shoots onto healthy plants of several commercially important cultivars of potatoes, including Atlantic, Russet Burbank, and Russet Norkotah. Most of the grafted plants subsequently developed ZC symptoms. Many of the grafted plants produced tubers with symptoms typical of the disease. In cultivar Atlantic, 104 of 138 grafted plants developed foliar symptoms of ZC and 72 of the grafted plants produced ZC-symptomatic daughter tubers. Grafted plants without foliar symptoms did not produce symptomatic tubers. Herein we report the results of these grafting experiments and describe the symptoms produced in grafted plants and daughter tubers. We have also maintained the disease by placing surface-sterilized symptomatic shoots onto growth medium in vitro. In addition, the putative ZC pathogen, a new Candidatus Liberibacter spp., has been detected in symptomatic grafted plants, symptomatic in vitro plants, and potato psyllids by PCR.
C1 [Crosslin, James M.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
[Munyaneza, Joseph E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Crosslin, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
EM jim.crosslin@ars.usda.gov
NR 19
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1099-209X
J9 AM J POTATO RES
JI Am. J. Potato Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 86
IS 3
BP 183
EP 187
DI 10.1007/s12230-009-9070-6
PG 5
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 445SH
UT WOS:000266071300003
ER
PT J
AU Wickramasinghe, WMDK
Qu, XSS
Costanzo, S
Haynes, KG
Christ, BJ
AF Wickramasinghe, W. M. D. K.
Qu, Xinshun S.
Costanzo, Stefano
Haynes, Kathleen G.
Christ, Barbara J.
TI Development of PCR-Based Markers Linked to Quantitative Resistance to
Late Blight in a Diploid Hybrid Potato Population of Solanum phureja x
S-stenotomum
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Marker assisted selection; Quantitative trait loci; Phytophthora
infestans; Solanum tuberosum
ID BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE;
ASSISTED SELECTION; TETRAPLOID POTATO; CULTIVATED POTATO;
FIELD-RESISTANCE; VIRUS-RESISTANCE; TRAIT LOCI; GENE
AB A diploid hybrid Solanum phureja x S. stenotomum population that has shown relatively high levels of quantitative resistance to late blight was used to develop polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of disease resistance in potato breeding. Two random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, OPA03(576) and OPA17(559), were identified as being linked to partial resistance. OPA03(576) was found to be associated in coupling phase while OPA17(559) showed association in repulsion phase to resistance. These two markers, together with previously developed amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, were incorporated into an existing restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-based chromosomal linkage map of this S. phureja x S. stenotomum population. Linkage analysis located the OPA17(559) marker on chromosome III, 12 cM away from a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) that explained 23.4% of the total phenotypic variation for late blight resistance. Marker OPA03(576) was located in the distal region of chromosome XII where several resistance genes are found clustered. A third PCR-based marker, GP198F-1, derived from the original RFLP marker GP198, was linked to the late blight resistance QTL on chromosome III that explained 23.4% of the total phenotypic variation in this population. The three PCR-based markers were used to screen for their presence in the mapping population and high correlations between the presence of these markers and late blight resistance were found. Our results suggest that these markers may be useful for MAS of late blight resistance in potato breeding programs.
C1 [Wickramasinghe, W. M. D. K.; Qu, Xinshun S.; Costanzo, Stefano; Christ, Barbara J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Haynes, Kathleen G.] USDA ARS PSI, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Christ, BJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM ebf@psu.edu
FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services
Potato Program; Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture
FX This research was partially supported by a grant from the United States
Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services Potato Program
and by the Agricultural Research Funds administrated by the Pennsylvania
Department of Agriculture.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1099-209X
J9 AM J POTATO RES
JI Am. J. Potato Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 86
IS 3
BP 188
EP 195
DI 10.1007/s12230-009-9071-5
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 445SH
UT WOS:000266071300004
ER
PT J
AU Barb, CR
Hausman, GJ
AF Barb, C. R.
Hausman, G. J.
TI Insulin-like growth factor-I feedback regulation of growth hormone and
luteinizing hormone secretion in the pig: evidence for a pituitary site
of action
SO ANIMAL
LA English
DT Article
DE GH; IGF-I; LH; pig; pituitary
ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; POSSIBLE METABOLIC SIGNAL;
RIBONUCLEIC-ACID LEVELS; IGF-I; NEGATIVE FEEDBACK; FEMALE PUBERTY;
CELLS; RAT; NEUROENDOCRINE; MODULATION
AB Three experiments (EXP) were conducted to determine the role of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the control of growth hormone (GH) and LH secretion. In EXP I, prepuberal gilts, 65 +/- 6 kg body weight and 140 days of age received intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of saline (n = 4), 25 mu g (n = 4) or 75 mu g (n = 4) IGF-I and jugular blood samples were collected. In EXP II, anterior pituitary cells in culture collected from 150-day-old prepuberal gilts (n = 6) were challenged with 0.1, 10 or 1000 nM [Ala15]-h growth hormone-releasing hormone-(1-29)NH2 (GHRH), or 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 30 nM IGF-I individually or in combinations with 1000 nM GHRH. Secreted GH was measured at 4 and 24 h after treatment. In EXP III, anterior pituitary cells in culture collected from 150-day-old barrows (n = 5) were challenged with 10, 100 or 1000 nM gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 30 nM IGF-I individually or in combinations with 100 nM GnRH. Secreted LH was measured at 4 h after treatment. In EXP I, serum GH and LH concentrations were unaffected by ICV IGF-I treatment. In EXP II, relative to control all doses of GHRH increased (P < 0.01) GH secretion. Only 1, 10, 30 nM IGF-I enhanced (P < 0.02) basal GH secretion at 4h, whereas by 24h all doses except for 30 nM IGF-I suppressed (P < 0.02) basal GH secretion compared to control wells. All doses of IGF-I in combination with 1000 nM GHRH increased (P < 0.04) the GH response to GHRH compared to GHRH alone at 4 h, whereas by 24 h all doses of IGF-I suppressed (P < 0.04) the GH response to GHRH. In EXP III, all doses of IGF-I increased (P < 0.01) basal LH levels while the LH response to GnRH was unaffected by IGF-I (P > 0.1). In conclusion, under these experimental conditions the results suggest that the pituitary is the putative site for IGF-I modulation of GH and LH secretion. Further examination of the role of IGF-I on GH and LH secretion is needed to understand the inhibitory and stimulatory action of IGF-I on GH and LH secretion.
C1 [Barb, C. R.; Hausman, G. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
RP Barb, CR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
EM Richard.barb@ars.usda.gov
RI Wilkinson, Stuart/C-2802-2013
FU UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA [AFP-1021854, AFP-108648,
AFP-11043B]
FX The authors wish to thank Benny Barrett and Brent Jackson for their
technical assistance. The authors wish to thank Dr A. F. Parlow,
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA for providing the porcine
GH antiserum AFP-1021854, porcine GH AFP-108648 and porcine LH
AFP-11043B. This research was supported by USDA funds. Mention of a
trade name, proprietary product or specific equipment does not
constitute a guarantee or warranty by the US Department of Agriculture
and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products,
which may be suitable.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND
SN 1751-7311
EI 1751-732X
J9 ANIMAL
JI Animal
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 6
BP 844
EP 849
DI 10.1017/S1751731108003947
PG 6
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences
SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences
GA 448UB
UT WOS:000266286400010
PM 22444771
ER
PT J
AU Spangler, ML
Robbins, KR
Bertrand, JK
MacNeil, M
Rekaya, R
AF Spangler, M. L.
Robbins, K. R.
Bertrand, J. K.
MacNeil, M.
Rekaya, R.
TI Ant colony optimization as a method for strategic genotype sampling
SO ANIMAL GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ant colony optimization; genotype sampling; search algorithms;
simulation
ID COMPLEX PEDIGREES
AB A simulation study was carried out to develop an alternative method of selecting animals to be genotyped. Simulated pedigrees included 5000 animals, each assigned genotypes for a bi-allelic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based on assumed allelic frequencies of 0.7/0.3 and 0.5/0.5. In addition to simulated pedigrees, two beef cattle pedigrees, one from field data and the other from a research population, were used to test selected methods using simulated genotypes. The proposed method of ant colony optimization (ACO) was evaluated based on the number of alleles correctly assigned to ungenotyped animals (AK(P)), the probability of assigning true alleles (AK(G)) and the probability of correctly assigning genotypes (APTG). The proposed animal selection method of ant colony optimization was compared to selection using the diagonal elements of the inverse of the relationship matrix (A(-1)). Comparisons of these two methods showed that ACO yielded an increase in AK(P) ranging from 4.98% to 5.16% and an increase in APTG from 1.6% to 1.8% using simulated pedigrees. Gains in field data and research pedigrees were slightly lower. These results suggest that ACO can provide a better genotyping strategy, when compared to A(-1), with different pedigree sizes and structures.
C1 [Spangler, M. L.; Robbins, K. R.; Bertrand, J. K.; Rekaya, R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[MacNeil, M.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA.
[Rekaya, R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Rekaya, R.] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Rekaya, R (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM rrekaya@uga.edu
OI Spangler, Matthew/0000-0001-5184-501X
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0268-9146
EI 1365-2052
J9 ANIM GENET
JI Anim. Genet.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 40
IS 3
BP 308
EP 314
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01835.x
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity
SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity
GA 444XP
UT WOS:000266014500007
PM 19220227
ER
PT J
AU Karron, JD
Holmquist, KG
Flanagan, RJ
Mitchell, RJ
AF Karron, Jeffrey D.
Holmquist, Karsten G.
Flanagan, Rebecca J.
Mitchell, Randall J.
TI Pollinator visitation patterns strongly influence among-flower variation
in selfing rate
SO ANNALS OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Autogamy; bee; Bombus fervidus; floral display; geitonogamy; mating
system; monkeyflower; Mimulus ringens; paternity analysis; pollen
carryover; pollinator visitation sequence; self-fertilization
ID FLORAL DISPLAY SIZE; MIMULUS-RINGENS PHRYMACEAE; MIXED MATING SYSTEMS;
OUTCROSSING RATES; POPULATION-DENSITY; MULTIPLE PATERNITY; POLLEN
CARRYOVER; SEED PRODUCTION; PLANTS; FERTILIZATION
AB Adjacent flowers on Mimulus ringens floral displays often vary markedly in selfing rate. We hypothesized that this fine-scale variation in mating system reflects the tendency of bumble-bee pollinators to probe several flowers consecutively on multiflower displays. When a pollinator approaches a display, the first flower probed is likely to receive substantial outcross pollen. However, since pollen carryover in this species is limited, receipt of self pollen should increase rapidly for later flowers. Here the first direct experimental test of this hypothesis is described.
In order to link floral visitation sequences with selfing rates of individual flowers, replicate linear arrays were established, each composed of plants with unique genetic markers. This facilitated unambiguous assignment of paternity to all sampled progeny. A single wild bumble-bee was permitted to forage on each linear array, recording the order of floral visits on each display. Once fruits had matured, 120 fruits were harvested (four flowers from each of five floral displays in each of six arrays). Twenty-five seedlings from each fruit were genotyped and paternity was unambiguously assigned to all 3000 genotyped progeny.
The order of pollinator probes on Mimulus floral displays strongly and significantly influenced selfing rates of individual fruits. Mean selfing rates increased from 21 % for initial probes to 78 % for the fourth flower probed on each display.
Striking among-flower differences in selfing rate result from increased deposition of geitonogamous (among-flower, within-display) self pollen as bumble-bees probe consecutive flowers on each floral display. The resulting heterogeneity in the genetic composition of sibships may influence seedling competition and the expression of inbreeding depression.
C1 [Karron, Jeffrey D.; Flanagan, Rebecca J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Holmquist, Karsten G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Mitchell, Randall J.] Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
RP Karron, JD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
EM karron@uwm.edu
RI Karron, Jeffrey/A-6855-2009; Mitchell, Randall/G-6380-2010
OI Mitchell, Randall/0000-0001-7961-3560
FU NSF [DEB 9816712, DEB 9903308]; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
FX The authors thank Tom Schuck and Mindy Mymudes for assistance
propagating Mimulus ringens, and Jim Reinartz, Gretchen Meyer and Lou
Nelson for help with field work. We are grateful to Don Levin, Monica
Medrano and an anonymous reviewer for providing helpful comments on an
earlier version of the manuscript. This research was supported by NSF
Grants DEB 9816712 to J.D.K., and DEB 9903308 to R.J.M., and a
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Graduate School Fellowship to K. G. H.
NR 45
TC 43
Z9 45
U1 4
U2 38
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-7364
J9 ANN BOT-LONDON
JI Ann. Bot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 103
IS 9
BP 1379
EP 1383
DI 10.1093/aob/mcp030
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 451VA
UT WOS:000266497800003
PM 19218584
ER
PT J
AU Brunet, J
AF Brunet, Johanne
TI Pollinators of the Rocky Mountain columbine: temporal variation,
functional groups and associations with floral traits
SO ANNALS OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquilegia coerulea; columbine; pollinator abundance; bumble-bee;
hawkmoth; flower colour; spur length; functional pollinator group;
altitude; floral trait
ID AQUILEGIA-CAERULEA RANUNCULACEAE; FLOWER COLOR; MEDIATED SELECTION; WILD
RADISH; FLY POLLINATION; NECTAR SPURS; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; PLANT;
SPECIALIZATION
AB Pollinators together with other biotic and some abiotic factors can select for floral traits. However, variation in pollinator abundance over time and space can weaken such selection. In the present study, the variation in pollinator abundance over time and space was examined in populations of the Rocky Mountain columbine. The variation in three floral traits is described and correlations between pollinator type, functional pollinator groups or altitude and floral traits are examined.
Pollinator observations took place in six Aquilegia coerulea populations over 1-4 years and spur length, flower colour and sepal length were measured in 12 populations. Pollinator abundance, measured as visits per flower per hour, was compared among populations and years. Pollinators were grouped into two functional groups: pollen or nectar collectors. The following associations were examined: annual presence of hawkmoths and whiter flowers with longer spurs; the presence of Sphinx vashti and longer spurs; and higher altitudes and whiter flowers. The study looked at whether an increase in the proportion of hawkmoths in a population was associated with whiter and larger flowers with longer spurs.
The abundance of different pollinator groups varied over time and space. Floral traits varied among populations. Higher altitude was correlated with bluer flowers. Whiter flowers were associated with the annual presence of hawkmoths. Populations visited by Sphinx vashti had longer spurs than populations visited only by Hyles lineata. Populations with greater percentage of nectar-collecting pollinators did not have whiter, larger flowers with longer spurs.
Despite the large variation in pollinator abundance over time and space, one species of bumble-bee or hawkmoth tended to predominate in each population each year. Future studies of Aquilegia coerulea should examine the specific influences of pollinators and the environment on flower colour and of hawkmoth species on spur length.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS VCRU, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Brunet, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS VCRU, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jbrunet@wisc.edu
FU National Science Foundation [0074670]; United States Department of
Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
FX I thank R. Martin at Southern Utah University and botanists and park
rangers at the National Parks for their help in locating populations. A.
R. Moldenke at Oregon State University and S. Krauth at the University
of Wisconsin identified the pollinators. C. M. and C. T. Bonin, D. De
Joode, C. Stewart, and H. R. Sweet helped with pollinator observations
and floral measurements. Comments from Z. Larson-Rabin and anonymous
reviewers improved the manuscript. This work was supported by award no.
0074670 from the National Science Foundation and by funding from the
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
NR 44
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 43
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-7364
J9 ANN BOT-LONDON
JI Ann. Bot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 103
IS 9
BP 1567
EP 1578
DI 10.1093/aob/mcp096
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 451VA
UT WOS:000266497800020
PM 19414518
ER
PT J
AU Huang, YW
Wang, LS
Dowd, MK
Wan, PJ
Lin, YC
AF Huang, Yi-Wen
Wang, Li-Shu
Dowd, Michael K.
Wan, Peter J.
Lin, Young C.
TI (-)-Gossypol Reduces Invasiveness in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells
SO ANTICANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE (-)-Gossypol; metastasis; prostate cancer; nm23-H1; Bcl-2; Bcl-xL
ID BEARING COPENHAGEN RATS; HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; GENE-EXPRESSION;
CARCINOMA-CELLS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INHIBITORY-ACTIVITY; SUPPRESSOR
GENES; ORAL GOSSYPOL; NM23-H1; INVASION
AB Background: Acquisition of metastatic ability by prostatic cancer cells is the most lethal aspect of prostatic cancer progression. (-)-Gossypol, a polyphenolic compound present in cottonseeds, possesses anti-proliferative and proapoptotic effects in various cancer cells. Materials and Methods: In this study, the differences between MAT-LyLu, rat prostate cancer cells, with a novel isolated subline from metastasized tumors in the lungs of MAT-LyLu-bearing Copenhagen rats (MLL cells) were compared with respect to cell growth and invasion. The effects of (-)-gossypol on cell viability, colony formation, invasive ability and cell migration in MAT-LyLu and MLL cells were also evaluated. Results: Results showed that MLL cells displayed higher growth ability, colony formation and aggressive penetration than those of MAT-LyLu cells. MLL cells possess lower protein expression of Bcl-xL and nm23-H1 than those of MAT-LyLu cells, implying differences in invasive ability. Moreover, (-)-gossypol treatment induced a dose-dependent inhibition of invasive activity and cell viability and reduced Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins but induced nm23-H1 protein in both cell lines. Conclusion: These findings illustrated that (-)-gossypol reduced in vitro invasion of both the parental MAT-LyLu cells and the isolated MLL cells, suggesting that (-) -gossypol might serve as a chemotherapeutic and/or chemopreventive agent.
C1 [Huang, Yi-Wen; Wang, Li-Shu; Lin, Young C.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Lab Reprod & Mol Endocrinol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Lin, Young C.] Ohio State Univ, OSU Comprehens Canc Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Dowd, Michael K.; Wan, Peter J.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA.
RP Lin, YC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Lab Reprod & Mol Endocrinol, 1900 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM lin.15@osu.edu
FU NIH [CA94718, CA95915]; Cotton Incorporated [06-864]
FX We are grateful to Dr. Kathleen Hayes for her critical reading and
comments of this manuscript. This research is partially supported by NIH
Grants CA94718 & CA95915 and the Cotton Incorporated (Cary, NC, USA)
research grant project No. 06-864 for YC Lin.
NR 40
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Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH
PI ATHENS
PA EDITORIAL OFFICE 1ST KM KAPANDRITIOU-KALAMOU RD KAPANDRITI, PO BOX 22,
ATHENS 19014, GREECE
SN 0250-7005
J9 ANTICANCER RES
JI Anticancer Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 29
IS 6
BP 2179
EP 2188
PG 10
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 462WT
UT WOS:000267389500040
PM 19528479
ER
PT J
AU Cullen, KW
Watson, KB
Konarik, M
AF Cullen, Karen Weber
Watson, Kathleen B.
Konarik, Melanie
TI Differences in fruit and vegetable exposure and preferences among
adolescents receiving free fruit and vegetable snacks at school
SO APPETITE
LA English
DT Article
DE Free Fruit and Vegetable Program; USDA; Adolescents; High school; Diet;
Preferences; Exposure
ID CHILDRENS FOOD PREFERENCES; BODY-MASS INDEX; TELL US; WEIGHT;
CONSUMPTION; ACCEPTANCE; STUDENTS; BEHAVIOR; PROJECT; TRIAL
AB Low fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes are associated with excess body weight. The United States Department of Agriculture sponsors a Free Fruit and Vegetable Program in schools whereby students receive free FV snacks daily. This study assessed whether the program improved student exposure to and preferences for FV in a Houston high school in 2006-2007. Anonymous, post-intervention only FV exposure and preference surveys were completed by 2000 intervention school students and 1600 students in a comparison school during May, 2007. Differences in FV exposure and preferences were assessed, as well as differences in preferences between those students who tasted the item for the first time at school compared to those who had tasted the item before. The comparison school average scores for prior FV exposure and vegetable preferences were significantly higher than the intervention school scores. Intervention school students who had tasted the item previously reported significantly higher preferences than students who had tasted it for the first time at school. Access to the Free Fruit and Vegetable Program did not appear to improve high school student reported FV exposure and preferences. Future research should investigate the connection between food exposure, preferences and consumption in adolescents. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cullen, Karen Weber; Watson, Kathleen B.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Konarik, Melanie] Spring ISD, Houston, TX 77090 USA.
RP Cullen, KW (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM kcullen@bcm.tmc.edu
FU USDA ERS [43-3AEM-2-80121]; USDA/ARS [143-3AEL-2-80121, 58-6250-6001]
FX This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research
Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,
Texas. This project has been funded in part by federal funds from the
USDA ERS (Cooperative Agreement 43-3AEM-2-80121) and USDA/ARS under
Cooperative Agreements No. 143-3AEL-2-80121 and 58-6250-6001. The
contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or
policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial
products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 30
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U1 2
U2 9
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0195-6663
J9 APPETITE
JI Appetite
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 3
BP 740
EP 744
DI 10.1016/j.appet.2009.04.001
PG 5
WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 465EU
UT WOS:000267565500026
PM 19427059
ER
PT J
AU Yang, WL
Lindquist, HDA
Cama, V
Schaefer, FW
Villegas, E
Fayer, R
Lewis, EJ
Feng, YY
Xiao, LH
AF Yang, Wenli
Lindquist, H. D. Alan
Cama, Vitaliano
Schaefer, Frank W., III
Villegas, Eric
Fayer, Ronald
Lewis, Earl J.
Feng, Yaoyu
Xiao, Lihua
TI Detection of Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts in Water Sample Concentrates by
Real-Time PCR
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TRANSFER HYBRIDIZATION PROBES; IMMUNOMAGNETIC
SEPARATION; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS; QUANTITATIVE
PCR; INTERNAL CONTROL; DRINKING-WATER; DIAGNOSIS; ASSAY
AB PCR techniques in combination with conventional parasite concentration procedures have potential for the sensitive and specific detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in water. Three real-time PCR assays based on the B1 gene and a 529-bp repetitive element were analyzed for the detection of T. gondii tachyzoites and oocysts. Lower sensitivity and specificity were obtained with the B1 gene-based PCR than with the 529-bp repeat-based PCR. New procedures for the real-time PCR detection of T. gondii oocysts in concentrates of surface water were developed and tested in conjunction with a method for the direct extraction of inhibitor-free DNA from water. This technique detected as few as one oocyst seeded to 0.5 ml of packed pellets from water samples concentrated by Envirocheck filters. Thus, this real-time PCR may provide a detection method alternative to the traditional mouse assay and microscopy.
C1 [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
[Yang, Wenli] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA 30033 USA.
[Lindquist, H. D. Alan; Schaefer, Frank W., III] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Villegas, Eric] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Fayer, Ronald] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Lewis, Earl J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
[Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.
RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Bldg 22,Mail Stop F-12,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM lxiao@cdc.gov
RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; Villegas,
Eric/A-7373-2015
OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588
FU EPA; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Oceans and Human
Health Initiative
FX This study was supported in part by funds from the EPA and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Oceans and Human Health
Initiative.
NR 58
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U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 11
BP 3477
EP 3483
DI 10.1128/AEM.00285-09
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 449QT
UT WOS:000266345800012
PM 19363083
ER
PT J
AU Altekruse, SF
Berrang, ME
Marks, H
Patel, B
Shaw, WK
Saini, P
Bennett, PA
Bailey, JS
AF Altekruse, Sean F.
Berrang, Mark E.
Marks, Harry
Patel, Bharat
Shaw, William K., Jr.
Saini, Parmesh
Bennett, Patricia A.
Bailey, J. Stan
TI Enumeration of Escherichia coli Cells on Chicken Carcasses as a
Potential Measure of Microbial Process Control in a Random Selection of
Slaughter Establishments in the United States
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.; BROILER CARCASSES; SALMONELLA; CONTAMINATION;
POPULATIONS; POSTCHILL; NUMBERS; PLANTS
AB To evaluate whether the number of Escherichia coli bacteria in carcass rinses from chicken slaughter establishments could be monitored for the purpose of microbial process control, we drew a random sample from 20 of 127 large USDA-inspected operations. In 2005, every 3 months, two sets of 10 carcass rinses, 100 ml each, were collected from establishments, netting 80 sample sets from the rehang and postchill stages. E. coli and Campylobacter numbers and Salmonella prevalence were measured. Mixed-effect models were used to estimate variance of mean log(10) E. coli cell numbers of 10-carcass rinse sample sets. Relationships between E. coli and Campylobacter and Salmonella were examined. For 10-carcass rinse sets, at both the rehang and postchill stages the mean log(10) E. coli CFU/ml fit the logistic distribution better than the normal distribution. The rehang overall mean log(10) E. coli was 3.3 CFU/ml, with a within- sample set standard deviation of 0.6 CFU/ml. The overall postchill mean log(10) E. coli was 0.8 CFU/ml, with 13 establishments having mean log(10) E. coli CFU/ml values of less than 1.0 and 7 having mean values of 1.2 or more. At the midpoint separating these establishments, a mean log(10) E. coli CFU/ml of 1.1, the within- sample set standard deviation was 0.5 CFU/ml, with smaller standard deviations as means increased. Postchill sample sets with mean log(10) E. coli counts less than or equal to 1.1 CFU/ml had lower overall prevalence of Salmonella and mean log(10) Campylobacter CFU/ml than sample sets with higher means. These findings regarding reductions in E. coli numbers provide insight relevant to microbial process control.
C1 [Altekruse, Sean F.; Marks, Harry; Patel, Bharat; Shaw, William K., Jr.; Saini, Parmesh; Bennett, Patricia A.] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
[Berrang, Mark E.; Bailey, J. Stan] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Altekruse, SF (reprint author), NCI, Canc Surveillance Branch, 6116 Execut Blvd,Room 5003, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM altekrusesf@mail.nih.gov
FU USDA; ARS; FSIS
FX Funding was provided by both collaborating USDA agencies, ARS and FSIS.
NR 23
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U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 11
BP 3522
EP 3527
DI 10.1128/AEM.02685-08
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 449QT
UT WOS:000266345800017
PM 19363066
ER
PT J
AU Scupham, AJ
AF Scupham, Alexandra J.
TI Campylobacter Colonization of the Turkey Intestine in the Context of
Microbial Community Development
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; INTERGENIC SPACER
ANALYSIS; BROILER-CHICKENS; UNITED-STATES; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY;
RISK-FACTORS; JEJUNI; SPP.; DIVERSITY
AB Patterns of microbial community dynamics in the turkey intestine were examined. Every week of the 18-week production cycle, cecal bacterial communities and Campylobacter loads were examined from five birds for each of two flocks. Molecular fingerprinting via the automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the cecal samples revealed that microbial communities changed in a time- dependent manner, and during both trials they developed via transition through three phases during the production cycle. A core component of the microbiota consisting of 11 Bacteroidetes types was present throughout both trials. In contrast, constant succession was detected in the Clostridiales populations until week 10 or 11, with few shared sequences between the flocks. Changes in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli loads were correlated to, but not dependent on, the two acute transitions delimiting the three developmental phases.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
RP Scupham, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, 2300 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
EM alexandra.scupham@ars.usda.gov
FU U. S. Department of Agriculture
FX The mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is
solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not
imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of
Agriculture.
NR 46
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Z9 8
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 11
BP 3564
EP 3571
DI 10.1128/AEM.01409-08
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 449QT
UT WOS:000266345800022
PM 19346343
ER
PT J
AU Hebel, CL
Smith, JE
Cromack, K
AF Hebel, Cassie L.
Smith, Jane E.
Cromack, Kermit, Jr.
TI Invasive plant species and soil microbial response to wildfire burn
severity in the Cascade Range of Oregon
SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Invasive plants; Soil burn severity; Phospholipid fatty acid analysis;
PLFA; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Soil microbial communities
ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE; FOREST SOILS; FIRE;
PRODUCTIVITY; STRATEGIES; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; NITROGEN; ROOTS
AB Exposure of soil to severe heating during a wildfire volatilizes soil nutrients and causes mortality of microbial communities, potentially facilitating invasion by non-native plant species. In this study, we investigated the chemical and biotic factors associated with severely burned "red" soil and less severely burned "black" soil from a recently burned forest on the eastern slope of the Cascade Range in Oregon. Specifically, we examined the effects of burn severity on plant growth, AM fungal colonization and soil microbial communities as indicated by PLFA (phospholipid fatty acid) analysis. Soil nutrients, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. microbial abundance and plant growth were all significantly reduced in red soils. Native and non-native plants exhibited differential growth in red and black soil, with non-natives growing more rapidly. Despite this rapid growth, non-native plant biomass was significantly lower in red soil, whereas native plant biomass did not differ between red and black soils. These findings suggest that some native species may out-compete non-native species in low-resource environments, such as severely burned red soil, where organic matter, soil nutrients and soil microbes are reduced by severe soil heating. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Smith, Jane E.] Oregon State Univ, Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn,Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hebel, Cassie L.; Cromack, Kermit, Jr.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Smith, JE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn,Forestry Sci Lab, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM jsmith01@fs.fed.us
FU U.S.D.A. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon State
University Department of Forest Science; Joint Fire Science Program
[05-2-1-44]
FX This research was made possible with funding received from the U.S.D.A.
Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon State
University Department of Forest Science; and the Joint Fire Science
Program (Project #05-2-1-44). Mention of trade or firm names does not
constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We
thank Doni Mckay, Tara Jennings, Sarah Beldin and Nicole Kurhanewicz for
field and lab assistance. Thanks to Efren CSzares for assistance
quantifying AM fungi, and also thanks to Nicole DeCrappeo, Liz Schwartz,
Justin Brant, Rockie Yarwood and Stephanie Yarwood for assistance with
PLFA analysis. We also thank the statisticians who helped with the study
design and analysis: Lisa Ganio, Manuela Huso, Greg Brenner and Bruce
McCune. The comments of Bernard Bormann, Nicole DeCrappeo, Paul
Doescher, Elizabeth Sulzman, Garrett W. Meigs and three anonymous
reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. Lastly, we dedicate this
publication to the memory of Elizabeth Sulzman, an extraordinary
scientist, educator, and mentor.
NR 67
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U1 0
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0929-1393
J9 APPL SOIL ECOL
JI Appl. Soil Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 42
IS 2
BP 150
EP 159
DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.03.004
PG 10
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 455DX
UT WOS:000266738700010
ER
PT J
AU Gaylord, TG
Barrows, FT
Rawles, SD
Liu, K
Bregitzer, P
Hang, A
Obert, DE
Morris, C
AF Gaylord, T. G.
Barrows, F. T.
Rawles, S. D.
Liu, K.
Bregitzer, P.
Hang, A.
Obert, D. E.
Morris, C.
TI Apparent digestibility of nutrients and energy in extruded diets from
cultivars of barley and wheat selected for nutritional quality in
rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE barley; digestibility; starch; trout; wheat
ID STARCH; INGREDIENTS; GROWTH; AVAILABILITY; COEFFICIENTS; POTATO; RATIO;
CORN
AB A digestibility trial was conducted to elucidate potential differences in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines and varieties as a first step in defining their potential for use in aquafeeds. A diverse group of six barley lines having six combinations of selected attributes, normal versus low phytic acid, normal versus waxy, and hulled versus hull-less, were chosen for evaluation along with a waxy wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soft white wheat. The experimental diets were manufactured by cooking extrusion and consisted of a 70% reference diet that was formulated to contain a minimal level of phosphorus and 30% test ingredient. Phosphorus availability ranged from 17 to 78% and was influenced by starch type in wheat. Apparent protein digestibility ranged from 53 to 125% and differences were observed between wheat varieties based on starch type. Apparent energy digestibility ranged from 32 to 63%, with waxy barley varieties having higher energy digestibility coefficients than normal starch varieties. Waxy starch varieties had higher starch digestibility in both barley and wheat because of the greater digestibility of amylopectin than amylose. In summary, the higher energy digestibility of waxy barley lines suggests that these varieties warrant further attention as feed ingredients for rainbow trout.
C1 [Gaylord, T. G.; Barrows, F. T.] USDA ARS, PWA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
[Rawles, S. D.] USDA ARS, SPA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA.
[Liu, K.; Bregitzer, P.; Hang, A.; Obert, D. E.] USDA ARS, PWA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID USA.
[Morris, C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, PWA,Western Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Gaylord, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, PWA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, 3059-F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
EM Gibson.Gaylord@ars.usda.gov
OI Gaylord, Gibson/0000-0003-3037-0451
FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service [5366-21310-003-00D]
FX We wish to thank ARS technicians April M. Teague, Rebecca Jacobs, Lorrie
Van Tassel, Mike Woolman, ARS SCEP student Scott Snyder and University
of Idaho personnel Mike Casten and Lucas Porter for their assistance
with this study. This study was funded by the USDA/Agricultural Research
Service Project Numbers 5366-21310-003-00D.
NR 26
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U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1353-5773
J9 AQUACULT NUTR
JI Aquac. Nutr.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 3
BP 306
EP 312
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2008.00595.x
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 443TO
UT WOS:000265933900009
ER
PT J
AU Wasilenko, JL
Sarmento, L
Pantin-Jackwood, MJ
AF Wasilenko, Jamie L.
Sarmento, Luciana
Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.
TI A single substitution in amino acid 184 of the NP protein alters the
replication and pathogenicity of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in
chickens
SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION SIGNAL; STRAND RNA VIRUSES; A VIRUS; NITRIC-OXIDE;
REASSORTANT VIRUSES; POLYMERASE PROTEINS; VIRAL REPLICATION; GENES
CONTRIBUTE; HIGH VIRULENCE; NS1 PROTEIN
AB Changes in the NP gene of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have previously been shown to affect viral replication, alter host gene expression levels and affect mean death times in infected chickens. Five amino acids at positions 22, 184, 400, 406, and 423 were different between the two recombinant viruses studied. In this study, we individually mutated the five amino acids that differed and determined that the difference in virus pathogenicity after NP gene exchange was a result of an alanine to lysine change at position 184 of the NP protein. Infection with viruses containing a lysine at NP 184 induced earlier mortality in chickens, increased virus titers and nitric oxide levels in tissues, and resulted in up-regulated host immune genes, such as alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha), gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), orthomyxovirus resistance gene 1 (Mx1), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). This study underlines the importance of the NP in avian influenza virus replication and pathogenicity.
C1 [Wasilenko, Jamie L.; Sarmento, Luciana; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Pantin-Jackwood, MJ (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM Mary.Pantin-Jackwood@ars.usda.gov
FU United States Department of Agriculture [6612-32000-48]
FX The authors would like to thank Diane Smith, Aniko Zsak and the SAA
sequencing facility for technical assistance and Roger Brock for animal
care assistance. This work was supported by the United States Department
of Agriculture, CRIS #6612-32000-48.
NR 54
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U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0304-8608
J9 ARCH VIROL
JI Arch. Virol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 154
IS 6
BP 969
EP 979
DI 10.1007/s00705-009-0399-4
PG 11
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 458MR
UT WOS:000267028500007
PM 19475480
ER
PT J
AU Otalora-Luna, F
Hammock, JA
Alessandro, RT
Lapointe, SL
Dickens, JC
AF Otalora-Luna, Fernando
Hammock, Jennifer A.
Alessandro, Rocco T.
Lapointe, Stephen L.
Dickens, Joseph C.
TI Discovery and characterization of chemical signals for citrus root
weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus
SO ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Diaprepes abbreviatus; Behavior; Electrophysiology; Olfaction; Citrus;
Terpenes; Green leaf volatiles
ID GREEN LEAF VOLATILES; OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE;
PLANT VOLATILES; PEEL OIL; COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE; ANTHONOMUS-GRANDIS;
SEX-PHEROMONE; HOST PLANTS; BOLL-WEEVIL
AB The tropical root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus (L. 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a polyphagous insect from the Caribbean Islands and an invasive insect in the southern part of the United States where it is pest of citrus crops and ornamental trees. Adults feed upon foliage where aggregation, mating and oviposition take place. Here, the headspace volatiles from Citrus macrophylla Wester (Rutaceae), D. abbreviatus adults feeding on this plant, adults alone and adult feces, were collected by aeration and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for analysis by gas chromatography-linked mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Electrophysiological responses of weevil antennal receptors to volatile headspace extracts and synthetic analogues were recorded by gas chromatography-linked electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and electroantennograms (EAGs). Antennal responses were recorded to the monoterpenes (R)-(-)-linalool, citronellal, nerol, citral, and geraniol; all present in the headspace of C. macrophylla. Antennal responses were also recorded to carvacrol, present in the headspace of adults and adult feces. The green leaf volatiles cis-3-hexen-1-ol and trans-2-hexen-1-ol, produced by other host plants, elicited reliable responses on the D. abbreviatus antenna. When comparing EAGs between (+/-)-linalool and (R)-(-)-linalool, no significant difference was found; responses to (R)-(+)-citronellal were larger than for (S)-(-)-citronellal. Among the individual compounds and blends tested using an open T-track dual choice olfactometer, only the blend of (+/-)-linalool, cis-3-hexen-1-ol and carvacrol (source dose 25:25:2.5 mu g) elicited significant attraction of females, the same blend was repellent for males. The biologically active compounds found here likely play a role in host finding by D. abbreviatus and other interactions of the insect with its hostplant.
C1 [Otalora-Luna, Fernando; Hammock, Jennifer A.; Dickens, Joseph C.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Plant Sci Inst,Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav La, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Alessandro, Rocco T.; Lapointe, Stephen L.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
RP Dickens, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Plant Sci Inst,Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav La, 10300 Baltimore Blvd,Bldg 007,Rm 030, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM joseph.dickens@ars.usda.gov
OI Alessandro, Rocco/0000-0001-7983-0557; Otalora-Luna,
Fernando/0000-0002-5313-2184; Hammock, Jennifer/0000-0002-9943-2342
NR 59
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U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1872-8855
EI 1872-8847
J9 ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTE
JI Arthropod-Plant Interact.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 2
BP 63
EP 73
DI 10.1007/s11829-009-9058-7
PG 11
WC Ecology; Entomology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Entomology
GA 443MZ
UT WOS:000265915600001
ER
PT J
AU Brousseau, M
Demissie, S
Peloso, G
Cupples, L
Gabriel, S
Collins, D
Mirel, D
Schaefer, E
AF Brousseau, M.
Demissie, S.
Peloso, G.
Cupples, L.
Gabriel, S.
Collins, D.
Mirel, D.
Schaefer, E.
TI IDENTIFICATION OF SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI FOR THE LOW HDL-C/CHD TRAIT
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Brousseau, M.; Schaefer, E.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Demissie, S.; Peloso, G.; Cupples, L.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA.
[Gabriel, S.; Mirel, D.] Broad Inst Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Gabriel, S.; Mirel, D.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Collins, D.] Coordinating Ctr, Vet Affairs Cooperat Studies Program, New Haven, CT USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101145
ER
PT J
AU Furusyo, N
Koga, T
Ai, M
Otokozawa, S
Mukae, H
Maeda, S
Sawayama, Y
Asztalos, B
Schaefer, E
Hayashi, J
AF Furusyo, N.
Koga, T.
Ai, M.
Otokozawa, S.
Mukae, H.
Maeda, S.
Sawayama, Y.
Asztalos, B.
Schaefer, E.
Hayashi, J.
TI CHRONIC HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AFFECTS LIPID METABOLISM BY
ELEVATING LDL AND SMALL DENSE LDL (SD-LDL-C): A KYUSHU OKINAWA
POPULATION STUSY (KOPS)
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Furusyo, N.; Koga, T.; Mukae, H.; Maeda, S.; Sawayama, Y.; Hayashi, J.] Kyushu Univ Hosp, Dept Gen Med, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
[Ai, M.; Otokozawa, S.; Asztalos, B.; Schaefer, E.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100931
ER
PT J
AU Imamura, F
Herrington, D
Jacques, P
Lichtenstein, A
AF Imamura, F.
Herrington, D.
Jacques, P.
Lichtenstein, A.
TI SELF-REPORTED VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENT USE WAS POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH
ATHEROSCLEROSIS PROGRESSION IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH ESTABLISHED
HEART DISEASE
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Imamura, F.; Jacques, P.; Lichtenstein, A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Herrington, D.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101108
ER
PT J
AU Junyent, M
Tucker, K
Smith, C
Mattei, J
Lai, CQ
Parnell, L
Ordovas, JM
AF Junyent, M.
Tucker, K.
Smith, C.
Mattei, J.
Lai, C-Q
Parnell, L.
Ordovas, J. M.
TI THE EFFECTS OF ABCG5/G8 POLYMORPHISMS ON PLASMA HDL CHOLESTEROL
CONCENTRATIONS DEPEND ON SMOKING HABIT IN THE BOSTON PUERTO RICAN HEALTH
STUDY
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Junyent, M.; Tucker, K.; Smith, C.; Mattei, J.; Lai, C-Q; Parnell, L.; Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101347
ER
PT J
AU Junyent, M
Mateo, R
Gilabert, R
Cofan, M
Nunez, I
Pocovi, M
Mallen, M
Zambon, D
Tejedor, D
Vega, J
Almagro, F
Civeira, F
Ros, E
AF Junyent, M.
Mateo, R.
Gilabert, R.
Cofan, M.
Nunez, I.
Pocovi, M.
Mallen, M.
Zambon, D.
Tejedor, D.
Vega, J.
Almagro, F.
Civeira, F.
Ros, E.
TI IMPACT OF LDL RECEPTOR MUTATIONAL CLASS ON CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN
FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA (FH)
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Junyent, M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Mateo, R.; Civeira, F.] Hosp Miguel Servet, Unidad Lipidos, Zaragoza, Spain.
[Gilabert, R.; Nunez, I.] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Ctr Diagnost Imatge, Barcelona, Spain.
[Cofan, M.; Zambon, D.; Ros, E.] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Unitat Lipids, Barcelona, Spain.
[Pocovi, M.; Mallen, M.] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Bioquim Biol Mol & Celular, Zaragoza, Spain.
[Tejedor, D.] Progenika Biopharma, Derio, Spain.
[Vega, J.; Almagro, F.] Hosp Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain.
NR 0
TC 0
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U2 1
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100248
ER
PT J
AU Kajinami, K
Sato, R
Akao, H
Schaefer, E
AF Kajinami, K.
Sato, R.
Akao, H.
Schaefer, E.
TI STATIN PHARMACOGENOMICS: ROLE OF COMBINED ANALYSIS OF
FUNCTIONALLY-RELATED LOCI
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kajinami, K.; Sato, R.; Akao, H.] Kanazawa Med Univ, Dept Cardiol, Uchinada, Ishikawa 92002, Japan.
[Schaefer, E.] Tufts Univ, JM HNRCA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100642
ER
PT J
AU Koga, T
Furusyo, N
Ai, M
Otokozawa, S
Mukae, H
Ohnishi, H
Maeda, S
Sawayama, Y
Asztalos, B
Schaefer, E
Hayashi, J
AF Koga, T.
Furusyo, N.
Ai, M.
Otokozawa, S.
Mukae, H.
Ohnishi, H.
Maeda, S.
Sawayama, Y.
Asztalos, B.
Schaefer, E.
Hayashi, J.
TI SMALL DENSE LDL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS PREDICT SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS
IN A JAPANESE POPULATION: A KYUSHU OKINAWA POPULATION STUDY (KOPS)
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Koga, T.; Furusyo, N.; Mukae, H.; Ohnishi, H.; Maeda, S.; Sawayama, Y.; Hayashi, J.] Kyushu Univ Hosp, Dept Gen Med, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
[Ai, M.; Otokozawa, S.; Asztalos, B.; Schaefer, E.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100441
ER
PT J
AU Lai, CQ
Tucker, K
Parnell, L
Shen, J
Warodowichit, D
Lee, YC
Crott, J
Ordovas, J
AF Lai, C-Q
Tucker, K.
Parnell, L.
Shen, J.
Warodowichit, D.
Lee, Y-C
Crott, J.
Ordovas, J.
TI MAT1A VARIATION ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION, STROKE, AND DNA DAMAGE IN
THE BOSTON PUERTO RICANS: MODULATION BY PLASMA VITAMIN B-6 AND FOLATE
STATUS
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lai, C-Q; Tucker, K.; Parnell, L.; Shen, J.; Warodowichit, D.; Lee, Y-C; Crott, J.; Ordovas, J.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010
NR 0
TC 0
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PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
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SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101112
ER
PT J
AU Lee, YC
Arnett, D
Tsai, M
Kabagambe, E
Straka, R
Province, M
An, P
Garaulet, M
Shen, J
Junyent, M
Lai, CQ
Parnell, L
Borecki, I
Ordovas, J
AF Lee, Y-C
Arnett, D.
Tsai, M.
Kabagambe, E.
Straka, R.
Province, M.
An, P.
Garaulet, M.
Shen, J.
Junyent, M.
Lai, C-Q
Parnell, L.
Borecki, I.
Ordovas, J.
TI POLYMORPHISMS AT BCL7B-TBL2-MLXIPL LOCUS INTERACT WITH DIETARY
UNSATURATED FA TO MODULATE BMI AND LIPIDS
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lee, Y-C; Shen, J.; Junyent, M.; Lai, C-Q; Parnell, L.; Ordovas, J.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Arnett, D.; Kabagambe, E.] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Tsai, M.] Univ Minnesota, Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Straka, R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Expt & Clin Pharmacol, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Province, M.; Borecki, I.] Washington Univ, Div Biostat, St Louis, MO USA.
[An, P.] Washington Univ, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO USA.
[Garaulet, M.] Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Murcia, Spain.
NR 0
TC 0
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U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101104
ER
PT J
AU Lichtenstein, A
AF Lichtenstein, A.
TI DIETARY GUIDELINES: SHOULD THERAPY BE DIFFERENT FOR WOMEN?
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lichtenstein, A.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101156
ER
PT J
AU Lichtenstein, A
AF Lichtenstein, A.
TI DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS TO REDUCE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK -
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lichtenstein, A.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100364
ER
PT J
AU Matthan, N
AF Matthan, N.
TI CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION AND SYNTHESIS MARKERS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
RISK
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Matthan, N.] Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100255
ER
PT J
AU Otokozawa, S
Ai, M
Diffenderfer, M
Tanaka, A
Lamon-Fava, S
Schaefer, E
AF Otokozawa, S.
Ai, M.
Diffenderfer, M.
Tanaka, A.
Lamon-Fava, S.
Schaefer, E.
TI FASTING AND POSTPRANDIAL APOLIPOPROTEIN B-48 LEVELS IN NORMAL, OBESE,
AND HYPERLIPIDEMIC SUBJECTS
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Otokozawa, S.; Ai, M.; Diffenderfer, M.; Lamon-Fava, S.; Schaefer, E.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Tanaka, A.] Kagawa Nutr Univ, Nutr Clin, Tokyo, Japan.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101400
ER
PT J
AU Parnell, L
Lai, CQ
Ordovas, J
AF Parnell, L.
Lai, C-Q
Ordovas, J.
TI COMPUTATIONAL IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN DIET-RESPONSIVE GENETIC VARIANTS
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Parnell, L.; Lai, C-Q; Ordovas, J.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
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U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101106
ER
PT J
AU Perez-Martinez, P
Garcia-Rios, A
Delgado-Lista, J
Cruz-Teno, C
Camargo, A
Yubero-Serrano, E
Ordovas, J
Perez-Jimenez, F
Lopez-Miranda, J
AF Perez-Martinez, P.
Garcia-Rios, A.
Delgado-Lista, J.
Cruz-Teno, C.
Camargo, A.
Yubero-Serrano, E.
Ordovas, J.
Perez-Jimenez, F.
Lopez-Miranda, J.
TI CONSUMPTION OF DIETS WITH DIFFERENT TYPE OF FAT INFLUENCES
TRIACYLGLYCEROLS-RICH LIPOPROTEINS PARTICLE NUMBER AND SIZE DURING THE
POSTPRANDIAL STATE
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Perez-Martinez, P.; Garcia-Rios, A.; Delgado-Lista, J.; Cruz-Teno, C.; Camargo, A.; Yubero-Serrano, E.; Perez-Jimenez, F.; Lopez-Miranda, J.] Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain.
[Ordovas, J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RI Yubero-Serrano, Elena /H-4832-2013
NR 0
TC 0
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U2 2
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PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100086
ER
PT J
AU Shearer, G
Harris, W
Pederson, T
Newman, J
AF Shearer, G.
Harris, W.
Pederson, T.
Newman, J.
TI DETECTION OF OMEGA-3 OXYLIPINS IN HUMAN PLASMA AND RESPONSE TO TREATMENT
WITH OMEGA-3 ACID ETHYL ESTERS
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shearer, G.; Harris, W.] Sanford Res USD, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Pederson, T.; Newman, J.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA USA.
[Newman, J.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
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U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100203
ER
PT J
AU Smith, C
Arnett, D
Tsai, M
Lai, C
Parnell, L
Shen, J
Junyent, M
Laclaustra, M
Ordovas, J
AF Smith, C.
Arnett, D.
Tsai, M.
Lai, C.
Parnell, L.
Shen, J.
Junyent, M.
Laclaustra, M.
Ordovas, J.
TI PHYSICAL INACTIVITY INTERACTS WITH AN ENDOTHELIAL LIPASE POLYMORPHISM TO
MODULATE HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN IN THE GOLDN STUDY
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Smith, C.; Lai, C.; Parnell, L.; Shen, J.; Junyent, M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Arnett, D.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Tsai, M.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Laclaustra, M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Madrid, Spain.
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
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PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
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SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957101352
ER
PT J
AU Warodomwichit, D
Ordovas, J
Jongjirasiri, S
Laothamatas, J
Sura, T
Yamwong, S
Busabaratana, M
Pingsuthiwong, S
Yingchoncharoen, T
Komindr, S
Sritara, P
AF Warodomwichit, D.
Ordovas, J.
Jongjirasiri, S.
Laothamatas, J.
Sura, T.
Yamwong, S.
Busabaratana, M.
Pingsuthiwong, S.
Yingchoncharoen, T.
Komindr, S.
Sritara, P.
TI ASSOCIATION OF CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN TAQ1B POLYMORPHISM AND
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN THAIS
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Warodomwichit, D.; Sura, T.; Yamwong, S.; Busabaratana, M.; Pingsuthiwong, S.; Yingchoncharoen, T.; Komindr, S.; Sritara, P.] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Dept Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
[Ordovas, J.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Jongjirasiri, S.; Laothamatas, J.] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Dept Radiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
NR 0
TC 0
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U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
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PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
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SN 1567-5688
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP
JI Atheroscler. Suppl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA V17SO
UT WOS:000207957100048
ER
PT J
AU Heath, RL
Lefohn, AS
Musselman, RC
AF Heath, Robert L.
Lefohn, Allen S.
Musselman, Robert C.
TI Temporal processes that contribute to nonlinearity in vegetation
responses to ozone exposure and dose
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Air quality standards; Ascorbate; Defense mechanisms; Flux; Repair;
Uptake
ID ARABIDOPSIS GUARD-CELLS; STOMATAL APERTURE SIZE; AIR-QUALITY STANDARDS;
ASCORBIC-ACID; PULMONARY RESPONSES; TRIANGULAR PROFILES;
PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; PROTECT VEGETATION; INTACT LEAVES; LEAF APOPLAST
AB Ozone interacts with plant tissue through distinct temporal processes. Sequentially, plants are exposed to ambient O(3) that (I) moves through the leaf boundary layer, (2) is taken up into plant tissue primarily through stomata, and (3) undergoes chemical interaction within plant tissue, first by initiating alterations and then as part of plant detoxification and repair. In this paper, we discuss the linkage of the temporal variability of apoplastic ascorbate with the diurnal variability of defense mechanisms in plants and compare this variability with daily maximum O(3) concentration and diurnal uptake and entry Of O(3) into the plant through stomata. We describe the quantitative evidence on temporal variability in concentration and uptake and find that the time incidence for maximum defense does not necessarily match diurnal patterns for maximum O(3) concentration or maximum uptake. We suggest that the observed out-of-phase association of the diurnal patterns for the above three processes produces a nonlinear relationship that results in a greater response from the higher hourly average O(3) concentrations than from the lower or mid-level values. The fact that these out-of-phase processes affect the relationship between O(3) exposure/dose and vegetation effects ultimately impact the ability of flux-based indices to predict vegetation effects accurately for purposes of standard setting and critical levels. Based on the quantitative aspect of temporal variability identified in this paper, we suggest that the inclusion of a diurnal pattern for detoxification in effective flux-based models would improve the predictive characteristics of the models. While much of the current information has been obtained using high O(3) exposures, future research results derived from laboratory biochemical experiments that use short but elevated O(3) exposures should be combined with experimental results that use ambient-type exposures over longer periods of time. It is anticipated that improved understanding will come from future research focused on diurnal variability in plant defense mechanisms and their relationship to the diurnal variability in ambient O(3) concentration and stomatal conductance. This should result in more reliable O(3) exposure standards and critical levels. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lefohn, Allen S.] ASL & Associates, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
[Heath, Robert L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Musselman, Robert C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Lefohn, AS (reprint author), ASL & Associates, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
EM heath@ucr.edu; alefohn@asl-associates.com; rmusselman@fs.fed.us
NR 90
TC 37
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 43
IS 18
BP 2919
EP 2928
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.03.011
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 452BZ
UT WOS:000266515900010
ER
PT J
AU Tatum, FM
Tabatabai, LB
Briggs, RE
AF Tatum, Fred M.
Tabatabai, Louisa B.
Briggs, Robert E.
TI Protection Against Fowl Cholera Conferred by Vaccination with
Recombinant Pasteurella multocida Filamentous Hemagglutinin Peptides
SO AVIAN DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pasteurella multocida; filamentous hemagglutinin; recombinant vaccine
ID GENOME SEQUENCE; BORDETELLA; PROTEIN; IMMUNITY
AB Three gene fragments, derived from Pasteurella multocida strain P-1059 (serotype A:3), encoding approximately the 5' one-third of fhaB2 were overexpressed individually in Escherichia coli. The recombinant peptides were purified, pooled, and administered to turkey poults to evaluate immunity. The results showed that turkeys immunized twice with the recombinant peptides were significantly protected against intranasal challenge with P. multocida strain P-1059. Vaccination elicited antibody responses, based on Western blotting, that were reactive with a wild-type P-1059 cellular product approximately 170 kDa in size and multiple high molecular weight products in culture supernatant. These antibodies did not react with cell or supernatant blots of a P-1059 fhaB2 isogenic mutant. Pasteurella multocida fhaB2 genes of a bovine strain (A:3) and an avian strain (F:3) are highly conserved as is the portion of P-1059 fhaB2 examined here (>99% identities). These findings suggest that broad cross-protection against this heterogeneous pathogen may be achievable through immunization with specific recombinant FHAB2 peptides.
C1 [Tatum, Fred M.; Tabatabai, Louisa B.; Briggs, Robert E.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Resp Dis Livestock Unit, Natl Anim Dis Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
RP Tatum, FM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Resp Dis Livestock Unit, Natl Anim Dis Unit, 2300 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
EM fred.tatum@ars.usda.gov
FU Biotechnology and Research Development Corporation, Peoria, IL
FX This work was supported by the Biotechnology and Research Development
Corporation, Peoria, IL.
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS
PI ATHENS
PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA
SN 0005-2086
J9 AVIAN DIS
JI Avian Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 2
BP 169
EP 174
PG 6
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 465NM
UT WOS:000267594100004
PM 19630220
ER
PT J
AU Dusek, RJ
Bortner, JB
DeLiberto, TJ
Hoskins, J
Franson, JC
Bales, BD
Yparraguirre, D
Swafford, SR
Ip, HS
AF Dusek, Robert J.
Bortner, J. Bradley
DeLiberto, Thomas J.
Hoskins, Jenny
Franson, J. Christian
Bales, Bradley D.
Yparraguirre, Dan
Swafford, Seth R.
Ip, Hon S.
TI Surveillance for High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus in Wild Birds
in the Pacific Flyway of the United States, 2006-2007
SO AVIAN DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE avian influenza; HPAI; H5N1; surveillance; United States
ID MIGRATORY BIRDS; NORTH-AMERICA; SOUTH-AMERICA; H5N1 VIRUSES; A VIRUSES;
WATERFOWL; DUCKS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POULTRY; ECOLOGY
AB In 2006 the U. S. Department of Agriculture, U. S. Department of Interior, and cooperating state fish and wildlife agencies began surveillance for high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in wild birds in the Pacific Flyway of the United States. This surveillance effort was highly integrated in California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, and western Montana, with collection of samples coordinated with state agencies. Sampling focused on live wild birds, hunter-killed waterfowl during state hunting seasons, and wild bird mortality events. Of 20,888 samples collected, 18,139 were from order Anseriformes (waterfowl) and 2010 were from order Charadriiformes (shorebirds), representing the two groups of birds regarded to be the primary reservoirs of avian influenza viruses. Although 83 birds were positive by H5 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), no HPAI H5N1 virus was found. Thirty-two virus isolates were obtained from the H5-positive samples, including low-pathogenicity H5 viruses identified as H5N2, H5N3, and H5N9.
C1 [Dusek, Robert J.; Franson, J. Christian; Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Bortner, J. Bradley; Hoskins, Jenny] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[DeLiberto, Thomas J.; Swafford, Seth R.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Bales, Bradley D.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Salem, OR 97303 USA.
[Yparraguirre, Dan] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Dusek, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM rdusek@usgs.gov
OI Dusek, Robert/0000-0001-6177-7479
NR 45
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 12
PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS
PI ATHENS
PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA
SN 0005-2086
J9 AVIAN DIS
JI Avian Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 2
BP 222
EP 230
PG 9
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 465NM
UT WOS:000267594100012
PM 19630228
ER
PT J
AU Spackman, E
Pantin-Jackwood, MJ
Swayne, DE
Suarez, DL
AF Spackman, Erica
Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.
Swayne, David E.
Suarez, David L.
TI An Evaluation of Avian Influenza Diagnostic Methods with Domestic Duck
Specimens
SO AVIAN DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE avian influenza virus; waterfowl; domestic ducks; avian influenza
monitoring; virus detection; antibody detection
ID VIRUSES; PATHOGENICITY; H5
AB Monitoring of poultry, including domestic ducks, for avian influenza (AI) virus has increased considerably in recent years. However, the current methods validated for the diagnosis and detection of AI virus infection in chickens and turkeys have not been evaluated for performance with samples collected from domestic ducks. In order to ensure that methods for the detection of AI virus or AI virus antibody will perform acceptably well with these specimens, samples collected from domestic ducks experimentally infected with a U. S. origin low pathogenicity AI virus, A/Avian/NY/31588-3/00 (H5N2), were evaluated. Oropharyngeal (OP) and cloacal swabs were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days postinoculation (PI) for virus detection by virus isolation, which was considered the reference method, and real-time RT-PCR. In addition, two commercial antigen immunoassays were used to test swab material collected 2-7 days PI. Virus isolation and real-time RT-PCR performed similarly; however, the antigen immunoassays only detected virus during the peak of shed, 2-4 days PI, and both kits detected virus in fewer than half of the samples that were positive by virus isolation. Cloacal swabs yielded more positives than OP swabs with all virus detection tests. To evaluate AI virus antibody detection serum was collected from the ducks at 7, 14, and 21 days PI and was tested by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay, a commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and homologous hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay, which was used as the reference method. Results for the ELISA and HI assay were almost identical with serum collected at 7 and 14 days PI; however, by 21 days PI 100% of the samples were positive by HI assay and only 65% were positive by ELISA. At all time points AGID detected antibody in substantially fewer samples than either ELISA or HI assay.
C1 [Spackman, Erica; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Swayne, David E.; Suarez, David L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Spackman, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM Erica.Spackman@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-ARS CRIS [6612-32000-048]
FX We would like to thank Scott Lee, Joan Beck, Diane Smith, Chris
Stephens, Kira Moresco, and James Doster for technical assistance with
this work. This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS Project #
6612-32000-048.
NR 14
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS
PI ATHENS
PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA
SN 0005-2086
J9 AVIAN DIS
JI Avian Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 53
IS 2
BP 276
EP 280
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 465NM
UT WOS:000267594100020
PM 19630236
ER
PT J
AU Kaushik, VK
Kavana, M
Volz, JM
Weldon, SC
Hanrahan, S
Xu, J
Caplan, SL
Hubbard, BK
AF Kaushik, Virendar K.
Kavana, Michael
Volz, Jessica M.
Weldon, Stephen C.
Hanrahan, Susan
Xu, Jian
Caplan, Shari L.
Hubbard, Brian K.
TI Characterization of recombinant human acetyl-CoA carboxylase-2
steady-state kinetics
SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Acetyl-CoA carboxylase; Malonyl-CoA; Steady-state kinetics
ID COENZYME-A CARBOXYLASE; BIOTIN-DEPENDENT ENZYMES; FATTY-ACID OXIDATION;
MALONYL-COA; 2 ISOFORMS; PYRUVATE-CARBOXYLASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CITRATE
AB Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA, a key metabolite in the fatty acid synthetic and oxidation pathways. The present study describes the steady-state kinetic analysis of a purified recombinant human form of the enzyme, namely ACC2, using a novel LC/MS/MS assay to directly measure malonyl-CoA formation. Four dimensional matrices, in which bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)). ATP, acetyl-CoA, and citrate were varied, and global data fitting to appropriate steady-state equations were used to generate kinetic constants. Product inhibition studies support the notion that the enzyme proceeds through a hybrid (two-site) random Ter Ter mechanism, one that likely involves a two-step reaction at the biotin carboxylase domain. Citrate, a known activator of animal forms of ACC, activates both by increasing k(cat) and k(cat)/K(M) for ATP and acetyl-CoA. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kaushik, Virendar K.; Kavana, Michael; Volz, Jessica M.; Weldon, Stephen C.; Hanrahan, Susan; Xu, Jian; Caplan, Shari L.; Hubbard, Brian K.] Novartis Inst BioMed Res Inc, Cardiovasc & Metab Dis Area, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Kaushik, Virendar K.; Hubbard, Brian K.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Kaushik, VK (reprint author), Novartis Inst BioMed Res Inc, Cardiovasc & Metab Dis Area, 100 Technol Sq, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM virendar.kaushik@novartis.com
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-9639
J9 BBA-PROTEINS PROTEOM
JI BBA-Proteins Proteomics
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 1794
IS 6
BP 961
EP 967
DI 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.02.004
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 450GA
UT WOS:000266387800012
PM 19236960
ER
PT J
AU Riddick, EW
AF Riddick, Eric W.
TI Benefits and limitations of factitious prey and artificial diets on life
parameters of predatory beetles, bugs, and lacewings: a mini-review
SO BIOCONTROL
LA English
DT Review
DE Augmentation; Biological control; Greenhouse; Production; Quality;
Rearing
ID MEAT-BASED DIET; PODISUS-MACULIVENTRIS HETEROPTERA; PERILLUS-BIOCULATUS
HETEROPTERA; KUEHNIELLA ZELLER LEPIDOPTERA; ORIUS-INSIDIOSUS HEMIPTERA;
BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS; MACROLOPHUS-CALIGINOSUS; OVARIAN
DEVELOPMENT; DICYPHUS-TAMANINII
AB The primary peer-reviewed literature pertaining to rearing of predatory beetles, true bugs, and lacewings was reviewed and synthesized. This study focused on the literature published from 1998 to 2007. Advances in rearing were revealed in relation to the influence of factitious prey and artificial diets on predator life parameters. Eggs of the Angoumois grain moth and Mediterranean flour moth were factitious prey that supported the development and reproduction of many species in lieu of natural prey. Artificial diets based on vertebrate protein were generally inferior to factitious prey for production of predators. A few exceptional cases demonstrated potential for continuous rearing of true bugs and lacewings on artificial diet, as a stand-alone food source. Factors that could ensure progressive rearing success might involve (1) exploiting the highly polyphagous nature of certain species, (2) exposing predators to artificial diet for multiple generations to incite adaptation, (3) formulating artificial diets to match the texture and chemical composition of preferred natural prey, and (4) encasing the diet within Parafilm(A (R)) to resemble the shape of natural prey. Encasement may also reduce desiccation and retard spoilage of the diet. Identification of other factitious prey and development of artificial diets that ensure production of predators of high quality should be possible. This review was conducted, for the most part, in support of generalist insect predators used, or having the potential to be used, in augmentative biological control of pests on plants in semi-closed systems, such as greenhouses and interiorscapes.
C1 USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Riddick, EW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, 59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM eric.riddick@ars.usda.gov
OI riddick, eric/0000-0002-4795-961X
NR 83
TC 28
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1386-6141
EI 1573-8248
J9 BIOCONTROL
JI Biocontrol
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 54
IS 3
BP 325
EP 339
DI 10.1007/s10526-008-9171-z
PG 15
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 442HC
UT WOS:000265831300001
ER
PT J
AU Hagler, J
AF Hagler, James
TI Comparative studies of predation among feral, commercially-purchased,
and laboratory-reared predators
SO BIOCONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Predation; Hippodamia convergens; Geocoris punctipes; Bemisia
argentifolii; Pectinophora gossypiella; Quality control;
Augmentative/inundative biological control; Feeding behavior
ID PODISUS-MACULIVENTRIS; HIPPODAMIA-CONVERGENS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL;
ARTIFICIAL DIET; GEOCORIS-PUNCTIPES; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; NATURAL
ENEMIES; LADY BEETLE; FRUIT-FLY; HETEROPTERA
AB The predatory activities of commercially-purchased adult Hippodamia convergens Gu,rin-M,neville and two laboratory-reared strains of adult Geocoris punctipes (Say) were compared with their feral counterparts. In single prey choice feeding tests, commercially-purchased and feral H. convergens were provided copious amounts of silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring adults or eggs of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders). Commercially-purchased H. convergens devoured more pink bollworm eggs and at a faster rate than the feral H. convergens. In contrast, feral H. convergens consumed more adult whiteflies and at a faster rate than commercial H. convergens. In multiple feeding choice tests, two distinctly different laboratory-reared strains and feral G. punctipes were provided a cotton leaf disk containing copious amounts of silverleaf whitefly eggs, nymphs, and adults. Virtually no predation was observed on whitefly eggs, but both laboratory strains of G. punctipes fed on more whitefly nymphs and adults than the feral G. punctipes. Moreover, both of the laboratory strains had a significantly faster feeding rate on adult whiteflies and spent significantly less time feeding on plant tissue than the feral strain. These results suggest that the augmentative biological control candidates retained their ability to prey on these selected prey items, even after being displaced from their overwintering site (H. convergens) or being reared in captivity (G. punctipes) for over 40 generations.
C1 USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA.
RP Hagler, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA.
EM james.hagler@ars.usda.gov
NR 42
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1386-6141
J9 BIOCONTROL
JI Biocontrol
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 54
IS 3
BP 351
EP 361
DI 10.1007/s10526-008-9173-x
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 442HC
UT WOS:000265831300003
ER
PT J
AU Xin, ZG
Wang, ML
Burow, G
Burke, J
AF Xin, Zhanguo
Wang, Ming Li
Burow, Gloria
Burke, John
TI An Induced Sorghum Mutant Population Suitable for Bioenergy Research
SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Biofuel production; BTx623; EMS; Mutagenesis; Mutant population; Sorghum
ID ACID O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; BICOLOR L. MOENCH; CHEMICALLY-INDUCED
MUTATIONS; MAIZE; RFLP; RICE; ASSOCIATION; RESOURCES; YIELD; SSR
AB The sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] inbred line BTx623 has served as a parent for development of several mapping populations, also providing a source for the generation of DNA libraries for physical mapping, and as the inbred line selected for sorghum genome sequencing. Since genetic mapping, physical mapping and genome sequencing are all based on the same inbred line, these genetic resources have made the genome study of sorghum very efficient. However, in comparison with other model species, there is one important genetic resource still missing in the sorghum research community, a mutant population. A systematically annotated mutant population will facilitate many avenues of research, especially those focusing on functional genomics and bioenergy research. Here we report the generation of a sorghum mutant population derived from the inbred line BTx623 by treatment with the chemical agent ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). The mutant population consists of 1,600 pedigreed M-3 families; each of them was derived from an independent M-1 seed. Many lines displayed traits such as brown midrib (bmr), erect leaves (erl), multiple tillers (mtl), and late flowering (lfl), characteristics useful for bioenergy research. Results from our phenotyping and genotyping studies indicate that this mutant population will be a valuable and useful genetic resource for both sorghum functional genomics and bioenergy research.
C1 [Xin, Zhanguo; Burow, Gloria; Burke, John] ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA.
[Wang, Ming Li] ARS, PGRCU, USDA, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
RP Xin, ZG (reprint author), ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, USDA, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA.
EM Zhanguo.Xin@ars.usda.gov; MingLi.Wang@ars.usda.gov;
Gloria.Burow@ars.usda.gov; John.Burke@ars.usda.gov
OI Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785
NR 28
TC 19
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1939-1234
EI 1939-1242
J9 BIOENERG RES
JI BioEnergy Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 1-2
BP 10
EP 16
DI 10.1007/s12155-008-9029-3
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 607GR
UT WOS:000278487600002
ER
PT J
AU Tesfaye, M
Yang, SS
Lamb, JFS
Jung, HJG
Samac, DA
Vance, CP
Gronwald, JW
VandenBosch, KA
AF Tesfaye, Mesfin
Yang, S. Samuel
Lamb, JoAnn F. S.
Jung, Hans-Joachim G.
Samac, Deborah A.
Vance, Carroll P.
Gronwald, John W.
VandenBosch, Kathryn A.
TI Medicago truncatula as a Model for Dicot Cell Wall Development
SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Medicago truncatula; Alfalfa; Transcript analysis; Genomics; Stems
ID ARABIDOPSIS TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; GENE FAMILY; CELLULOSE SYNTHESIS;
ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS; ANCHORED PROTEIN; SECONDARY GROWTH; WOOD
FORMATION; TENSION WOOD; DATA SETS; EXPRESSION
AB We have initiated a genome-wide transcript profiling study using the model legume Medicago truncatula to identify putative genes related to cell wall biosynthesis and regulatory function in legumes. We used the GeneChip (R) Medicago Genome Array to compare transcript abundance in elongating versus postelongation stem internode segments of two M. truncatula accessions and two Medicago sativa (alfalfa) clones with contrasting stem cell wall concentration and composition. Hundreds of differentially expressed probe sets between elongating and postelongation stem segments showed similar patterns of gene expression in the model legume and cultivated alfalfa. Differentially expressed genes included genes with putative functions associated with primary and secondary cell wall biosynthesis and growth. Mining of public microarray data for coexpressed genes with two marker genes for secondary cell wall synthesis identified additional candidate secondary cell wall-related genes. Coexpressed genes included protein kinases, transcription factors, and unclassified groups that were not previously reported with secondary cell wall-associated genes. M. truncatula has been recognized as an excellent model plant for legume genomics. The stem tissue transcriptome analysis, described here, indicates that M. truncatula has utility as a model plant for cell wall genomics in legumes in general and shows excellent potential for translating gene discoveries to its close relative, cultivated alfalfa, in particular. The natural variation for stem cell wall traits in Medicago may offer a new tool to study an expanded repertoire of valuable agronomic traits in related species, including woody dicots in the eurosid I clade.
C1 [Tesfaye, Mesfin; VandenBosch, Kathryn A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Yang, S. Samuel; Lamb, JoAnn F. S.; Jung, Hans-Joachim G.; Samac, Deborah A.; Vance, Carroll P.; Gronwald, John W.] ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP VandenBosch, KA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, 250 Biosci Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM Vande102@umn.edu
NR 70
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1939-1234
J9 BIOENERG RES
JI BioEnergy Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 1-2
BP 59
EP 76
DI 10.1007/s12155-009-9034-1
PG 18
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 607GR
UT WOS:000278487600007
ER
PT J
AU An, SS
Mentler, A
Acosta-Martinez, V
Blum, WEH
AF An, Shao-shan
Mentler, Axel
Acosta-Martinez, Veronica
Blum, Winfried E. H.
TI Soil microbial parameters and stability of soil aggregate fractions
under different grassland communities on the Loess Plateau, China
SO BIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Biohydrology 2009 International Conference
CY SEP 21-24, 2009
CL Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
DE enzyme activities; grassland revegetation; soil microbial biomass
C(Cmic); soil microbial biomass N(Nmic); soil aggregate fractions and
stability; Loess Plateau of China
ID EXTRACTION METHOD; ORGANIC-MATTER; BIOMASS-C; FUMIGATION; COMPLEXITY;
QUALITY
AB Over-grazing and large-scale monocultures on the Loess plateau in China have caused serious soil erosion by water and wind. Grassland revegetation has been reported as one of the most effective counter measures. Therefore, we investigated soil aggregation, aggregate stability and soil microbial activities as key parameters for soil remediation through grassland revegetation.
The results showed that soil microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) and microbial biomass nitrogen (Nmic) increased under revegetated grass communities compared to cropland and overgrazed pastures and were higher in surface layers (0-10 cm) than in the subsurface (10-20 cm). Although there are variations between the four investigated grassland communities, their values were 10 to 50 times higher in comparison to the cropland and overgrazed pastures, similar to the increase in soil enzyme activities, such as beta-glucosidase and beta-glucosaminidase.
Soil aggregate stability (SAS) showed clear differences between the different land uses with two main soil aggregate fractions measured by ultra sound: < 63 mu m and 100-250 mu m, with approximately 70% and 10% of the total soil volume respectively. We also found positive correlations between SAS and soil microbial parameters, such as Cmic, Nmic, and soil enzyme activities. From this, we concluded that revegetation of eroded soils by grasses accelerates soil rehabilitation.
C1 [An, Shao-shan; Mentler, Axel; Blum, Winfried E. H.] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Inst Soil Sci, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
[An, Shao-shan] NW A&F Univ, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China.
[An, Shao-shan] NW A&F Univ, Minist Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China.
[Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA.
RP Blum, WEH (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Inst Soil Sci, Peter Jordan Str 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
EM winfried.blum@boku.ac.at
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 23
PU VERSITA
PI WARSAW
PA SOLIPSKA 14A-1, 02-482 WARSAW, POLAND
SN 0006-3088
J9 BIOLOGIA
JI Biologia
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 64
IS 3
BP 424
EP 427
DI 10.2478/s11756-009-0112-9
PG 4
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 443VV
UT WOS:000265939800003
ER
PT J
AU Espinoza, JC
Infante, F
Castillo, A
Perez, J
Nieto, G
Pinson, EP
Vega, FE
AF Espinoza, Julio C.
Infante, Francisco
Castillo, Alfredo
Perez, Jeanneth
Nieto, Guadalupe
Pinson, Erika P.
Vega, Fernando E.
TI The biology of Phymastichus coffea LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
under field conditions
SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hypothenemus; Coffee berry borer; Life-history; Biological control;
Mexico; Phymastichus
ID HYPOTHENEMUS-HAMPEI COLEOPTERA; BERRY BORER COLEOPTERA; BETHYLID WASPS;
SCOLYTIDAE; ATTACKING; MEXICO; TETRASTICHINAE
AB The coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) was accidentally introduced into Mexico, in 1978, and rapidly became the main pest of coffee. As an exotic pest, its management has been mainly based on biological control methods through the introduction of parasitoids from Africa. In this context, at the beginning of the present decade, the parasitoid Phymastichus coffea LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was imported to Mexico. Since then, several studies have been carried out as part of the post introduction evaluation of this parasitoid. In this paper. information concerning the parasitism and life-cycle of A coffea in coffee farms is presented with the objective of providing information that elucidates its role as a biological control agent. A coffea showed highly significant preferences for allocation of two eggs per host, usually one female and one male. Both offspring are able to develop and reach the adult stage successfully. Lifespan of adults is 2-3 days only. The degree of parasitism by P. coffea was more than 95% at the three altitudes tested, when releases consisted of a ratio of 10 CBB:1 parasitoid. The median survivorship of CBB parasitized by this wasp was 13, 15 and 19 days at the low, medium and high altitude coffee zones, respectively. The parasitism by P. coffea was higher when parasitoid releases were carried out simultaneously with the CBB, and decreased with the time between host and parasitoid releases. We showed that using P. coffea at a density of 1 parasitoid per 10 hosts resulted in a 3- to 5.6-fold decrease in CBB damage to the coffee seeds when compared to the control. The importance and value of these results are discussed in terms of the use of P. coffea as a biological control agent of the CBB in Latin America. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Espinoza, Julio C.; Infante, Francisco; Castillo, Alfredo; Perez, Jeanneth; Nieto, Guadalupe] El Colegio Frontera ECOSUR, Dept Entomol, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
[Pinson, Erika P.] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Fac Ciencias Agr, Huehuetan 30660, Chiapas, Mexico.
[Vega, Fernando E.] Agr Res Serv, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Infante, F (reprint author), El Colegio Frontera ECOSUR, Dept Entomol, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2-5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
EM finfante@ecosur.mx
RI Trejo, Yesenia/D-9257-2012; Alfredo, Castillo/B-5491-2016;
OI Alfredo, Castillo/0000-0003-1452-0026; Infante,
Francisco/0000-0002-7419-7606; Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640
FU El Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) of Mexico
[37335-B]; US Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service
[58-1275-2-F068]
FX We are very grateful to the owners of coffee farms were we performed our
experiments for the facilities offered and kind support, Special thanks
go to javier Valle-Mora for statistical advice and Jose Higinio Lopez
for the map. We would like to express our gratitude to the anonymous
reviewers of this manuscript for valuable suggestions to improve it.
This research was financially supported by El Consejo Nacional de
Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) of Mexico, through research grant
37335-B, and by US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-1275-2-F068.
NR 41
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1049-9644
J9 BIOL CONTROL
JI Biol. Control
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 3
BP 227
EP 233
DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.01.021
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 443BR
UT WOS:000265885700005
ER
PT J
AU Olson, DM
Cortesero, AM
Rains, GC
Potter, T
Lewis, WJ
AF Olson, D. M.
Cortesero, A. M.
Rains, G. C.
Potter, T.
Lewis, W. Joe
TI Nitrogen and water affect direct and indirect plant systemic induced
defense in cotton
SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Gossypium hirsutum; Microplitis croceipes; Heliocoverpa zea; Spodoptera
exigua; Nitrogen; Water stress; Direct and indirect induced plant
defense; Volatiles; Anti-feedants
ID MICROPLITIS-CROCEIPES CRESSON; 2 LARVAL PARASITOIDS; AIRBORNE
SEMIOCHEMICALS; SPODOPTERA-EXIGUA; ABIOTIC FACTORS; HOST-LOCATION;
VOLATILES; HYMENOPTERA; BRACONIDAE; RESISTANCE
AB Plants have direct and indirect constitutively produced and inducible defenses against herbivores and pathogens, which can substantially aid in their ability to defend themselves. However, very little is known about the influence of agronomic factors on such defenses. Here, we tested the effects of nitrogen levels and water availability on the ability of cotton plants to deter feeding by Spodoptera exigua through induction of anti-feedants, and to attract Microplitis croceipes through systemic induction of volatile emission. Cotton plants were grown with various nitrogen levels and were either exposed to water stress or normal water before being exposed to S. exigua for 48 h for induction of defenses. Dual choices of various nitrogen and water treatments were provided to M. croceipes in flight tunnel bioassays. Dual choices of leaf tissue from the various nitrogen and water treatments were provided to S. exigua larvae. Both water stress and nitrogen levels under and over the recommended levels increased leaf tissue consumption and decreased attraction of M. croceipes to the plants. Analyses of induced volatiles released from herbivore damaged plants indicate that their concentrations differ among the nitrogen levels tested with plants receiving no nitrogen or twice the recommended dose having amounts much lower than plants receiving the recommended dose. Because both direct and indirect plant defense mechanisms are negatively affected by improper nitrogen and insufficient water, we argue that these factors should be considered for a better natural control of pests in cotton and most probably in other crops. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Olson, D. M.; Lewis, W. Joe] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Cortesero, A. M.] Univ Rennes 1, Lab Ecobiol Insectes Parasitoides, Rennes, France.
[Rains, G. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Potter, T.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
RP Olson, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, 2747 Davis Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
EM dawn.olson@ars.usda.gov
NR 41
TC 32
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 26
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1049-9644
J9 BIOL CONTROL
JI Biol. Control
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 3
BP 239
EP 244
DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.02.011
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 443BR
UT WOS:000265885700007
ER
PT J
AU Jaramillo, J
Chabi-Olaye, A
Borgemeister, C
Kamonjo, C
Poehling, HM
Vega, FE
AF Jaramillo, Juliana
Chabi-Olaye, Adenirin
Borgemeister, Christian
Kamonjo, Charles
Poehling, Hans-Michael
Vega, Fernando E.
TI Where to sample? Ecological implications of sampling strata in
determining abundance and impact of natural enemies of the coffee berry
borer, Hypothenemus hampei
SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hyopthenemus hampei; Coffee berry borer; Coffee; Biological control;
Parasitoid; Prorops nasuta; Aphanogmus; Hyperparasitoid; Cultural
control; IPM
ID PROROPS-NASUTA HYMENOPTERA; CEPHALONOMIA-STEPHANODERIS; COMPETITIVE
INTERACTIONS; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; INSECT GLADIATORS; BETHYLID WASPS;
PARASITOIDS; MEXICO; CONSERVATION; ATTACKING
AB Several parasitoids of African origin have been introduced to coffee producing areas of the Americas and Asia as biological control agents of the coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). These parasitoids have become established in the field but their effect on the CBB has been limited. A two-year field study in Western Kenya has found Prorops nasuta (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) to be the predominant parasitoid emerging from CBB-infested coffee berries collected on coffee trees or from the ground. P. nasuta comprises more than 75% of the total natural enemies collected. The density of A nasuta was 90% higher in the berries collected from the ground than from the trees. Its hyperparasitoid, Aphanogmus sp. (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae), also emerged from both type of berries. Across the two seasons, the average A nasuta density per berry was 18-35 times higher than that of Aphanogmus sp. Throughout the two years sampled, significantly higher numbers of P. nasuta and Aphanogmus sp. occurred between February and March, which coincides with the beginning of the rainy season. Higher numbers of live CBB females were recorded in berries collected from the trees. Nevertheless, mortality of adult CBB was considerably higher from January to March and started to decrease from April onwards. The possibly negative effects of cultural control practices in Latin America which include the removal of berries fallen to the ground on biological control of CBB are discussed, and the use of screened collection devices for these berries which would permit the release of parasitoids but prevent escape of the pest is proposed. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jaramillo, Juliana; Poehling, Hans-Michael] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Plant Dis & Plant Protect, D-30419 Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany.
[Jaramillo, Juliana; Chabi-Olaye, Adenirin; Borgemeister, Christian; Kamonjo, Charles] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
[Vega, Fernando E.] Agr Res Serv, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Jaramillo, J (reprint author), Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Plant Dis & Plant Protect, Herrenhauser Str 2, D-30419 Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany.
EM jjaramillo@icipe.org
OI Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640
FU German Research Foundation - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
FX We are grateful to Prof. Helmut van Emden (University of Reading) and
Dr. Sunday Ekesi (icipe) for very helpful suggestions to the manuscript.
We thank Mr. Abel 0. Mainya from Kisii Coffee Demonstration for kindly
providing the coffee berries and for his help during the sampling
period. Our most sincere thanks to Geoffrey White, Michael W. Gates,
Matthew Buffington, Robert Kula and Allen L. Norrbom at the Systematic
Entomology Laboratory (USDA, ARS) for identifying specimens. This
research was funded by the German Research Foundation - Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).
NR 49
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1049-9644
J9 BIOL CONTROL
JI Biol. Control
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 3
BP 245
EP 253
DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.12.007
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 443BR
UT WOS:000265885700008
ER
PT J
AU Blumenthal, DM
AF Blumenthal, Dana Michael
TI Carbon addition interacts with water availability to reduce invasive
forb establishment in a semi-arid grassland
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Centaurea diffusa (diffuse knapweed); Gypsophila paniculata (baby's
breath); Linaria dalmatica (Dalmatian toadflax); Mixedgrass prairie;
Nitrogen limitation; Reverse fertilization; Sugar addition; Water; Weed
invasion
ID TRIDENTATA SSP WYOMINGENSIS; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; PRAIRIE RESTORATION;
SHORTGRASS STEPPE; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SOIL-NITROGEN; CENTAUREA-DIFFUSA;
OLD-FIELD; PLANTS; VEGETATION
AB Increases in nitrogen (N) availability can favor fast-growing invasive species over slow-growing native species. One way to reduce N availability is to add labile carbon (C) to the soil, which can lead to microbial immobilization of plant available N. This method has been used, with widely varying degrees of success, to both study and control plant invasions. One reason that C addition might not work as expected is that N is not always the limiting resource for plant growth. For example, if plant growth is limited by water, changes in N availability might have little effect on invasion. Here I ask whether effects of C addition on N availability, resident plant biomass, and invasion depend on water availability in semi-arid mixedgrass prairie. Six invasive species were seeded into plots treated with a factorial combination of water (ambient or added) and N (+C, control or +N). Carbon addition reduced capture of mineral N by resin probes (by an average of 73%), and reduced biomass of resident species (from 336 g m(-2) to 203 g m(-2)), both with and without added water. In contrast, because there was little invasion in ambient-water plots, C addition reduced invasion only in added-water plots. Given added water, C addition reduced biomass of Centaurea diffusa by 95%, and prevented invasion by Gypsophila paniculata and Linaria dalmatica. Mechanisms by which C addition reduced invasion varied by species, with added C reducing the growth of individual C. diffusa plants, but reducing numbers of G. paniculata and L. dalmatica individuals.
C1 USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Blumenthal, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM dana.blumenthal@ars.usda.gov
RI Blumenthal, Dana/J-3106-2012
NR 46
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 6
BP 1281
EP 1290
DI 10.1007/s10530-008-9332-0
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 448CC
UT WOS:000266238700007
ER
PT J
AU Uthus, EO
Ross, S
AF Uthus, Eric O.
Ross, Sharon
TI Dietary Selenium (Se) and Copper (Cu) Interact to Affect Homocysteine
Metabolism in Rats
SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Selenium; Copper
ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; DEFICIENT RATS; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; DECREASES
PLASMA; FISHER-344 RATS; METHIONINE; LIVER; CYSTEINE; CHICK
AB Previously, we reported that both Se deficiency and Cu deficiency decreased plasma homocysteine (pHcys) and increased plasma glutathione (pGSH) in rats. We also showed that the catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (Gclc), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glutathione biosynthesis, was upregulated in Se and Cu deficiencies. We suggested that in both deficiencies, Hcys was being shunted through the trans-sulfuration pathway as a result of this up-regulation. Because both Se and Cu deficiencies have similar effects, we hypothesized that a combined deficiency would exacerbate the decrease in pHcys and the increase in pGSH by further up-regulating Gclc. In a 2 x 2 experiment, male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8-20/group) were fed an amino-acid-based diet containing either 0 or 0.2 A mu g Se (as selenite)/g and < 1 or 6 A mu g Cu (as Cu carbonate)/g for 5 weeks. Our findings show that a combined deficiency of both Se and Cu results in lower pHcys and significantly elevated pGSH. However, the up-regulation of liver Gclc alone cannot explain why rats fed with the doubly deficient diet have the lowest pHcys and the highest pGSH.
C1 [Uthus, Eric O.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[Ross, Sharon] NCI, Nutr Sci Res Grp, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Uthus, EO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM eric.uthus@ars.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU HUMANA PRESS INC
PI TOTOWA
PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA
SN 0163-4984
J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES
JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 129
IS 1-3
BP 213
EP 220
DI 10.1007/s12011-008-8295-4
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 448MJ
UT WOS:000266266400025
PM 19104759
ER
PT J
AU Nielsen, FH
AF Nielsen, Forrest H.
TI Marginal Zinc Deficiency Increases Magnesium Retention and Impairs
Calcium Utilization in Rats
SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Zinc; Copper; Magnesium; Calcium; Phosphorus; Oxidative stress
ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; COPPER DEFICIENCY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DIETARY;
OXIDASE; MICE
AB An experiment with rats was conducted to determine whether magnesium retention is increased and calcium utilization is altered by a marginal zinc deficiency and whether increased oxidative stress induced by a marginal copper deficiency exacerbated responses to a marginal zinc deficiency. Weanling rats were assigned to six groups of ten with dietary treatment variables of low zinc (5 mg/kg for 2 weeks and 8 mg/kg for 7 weeks), low copper (1.5 mg/kg), adequate zinc (15 mg/kg), and adequate copper (6 mg/kg). Two groups of rats were fed the adequate-zinc diet with low or adequate copper and pair-fed with corresponding rats fed the low-zinc diet. When compared to the pair-fed rats, marginal zinc deficiency significantly decreased the urinary excretion of magnesium and calcium, increased the concentrations of magnesium and calcium in the tibia, increased the concentration of magnesium in the kidney, and increased the urinary excretion of helical peptide (bone breakdown product). Marginal copper deficiency decreased extracellular superoxide dismutase and glutathione, which suggests increased oxidative stress. None of the variables responding to the marginal zinc deficiency were significantly altered by the marginal copper deficiency. The findings in the present experiment suggest that increased magnesium retention and impaired calcium utilization are indicators of marginal zinc deficiency.
C1 ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N,Stop 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU HUMANA PRESS INC
PI TOTOWA
PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA
SN 0163-4984
J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES
JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 128
IS 3
BP 220
EP 231
DI 10.1007/s12011-008-8268-7
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 444UU
UT WOS:000266006700003
PM 19002387
ER
PT J
AU Rich, JO
Budde, CL
McConeghey, LD
Cotterill, IC
Mozhaev, VV
Singh, SB
Goetz, MA
Zhao, A
Michels, PC
Khmelnitsky, YL
AF Rich, Joseph O.
Budde, Cheryl L.
McConeghey, Luke D.
Cotterill, Ian C.
Mozhaev, Vadim V.
Singh, Sheo B.
Goetz, Michael A.
Zhao, Annie
Michels, Peter C.
Khmelnitsky, Yuri L.
TI Application of combinatorial biocatalysis for a unique ring expansion of
dihydroxymethylzearalenone
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Combinatorial biocatalysis; Enzymatic synthesis; Enzymatic
derivatization; Drugs
ID PEROXYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS; HYPOTHEMYCIN; LACTONES
AB Combinatorial biocatalysis was applied to generate a diverse set of dihydroxymethylzearalenone analogs with modified ring structure. In one representative chemoenzymatic reaction sequence, dihydroxymethylzearalenone was first subjected to a unique enzyme-catalyzed oxidative ring opening reaction that creates two new carboxylic groups on the molecule. These groups served as reaction sites for further derivatization involving biocatalytic ring closure reactions with structurally diverse bifunctional reagents, including different diols and diamines. As a result, a library of cyclic bislactones and bislactams was created, with modified ring structures covering chemical space and structure activity relationships unattainable by conventional synthetic means. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Rich, Joseph O.; Budde, Cheryl L.; McConeghey, Luke D.; Cotterill, Ian C.; Mozhaev, Vadim V.; Michels, Peter C.; Khmelnitsky, Yuri L.] AMRI, Dept Metab & Biotransformat, Albany, NY 12212 USA.
[Singh, Sheo B.; Goetz, Michael A.; Zhao, Annie] Merck Res Labs, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA.
RP Rich, JO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA.
EM joseph.rich@ars.usda.gov; yuri.khmelnitsky@amriglobal.com
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0960-894X
J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 11
BP 3059
EP 3062
DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.005
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 444LG
UT WOS:000265981900036
PM 19394221
ER
PT J
AU Kinne, M
Poraj-Kobielska, M
Aranda, E
Ullrich, R
Hammel, KE
Scheibner, K
Hofrichter, M
AF Kinne, Matthias
Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena
Aranda, Elisabet
Ullrich, Rene
Hammel, Kenneth E.
Scheibner, Katrin
Hofrichter, Martin
TI Regioselective preparation of 5-hydroxypropranolol and 4
'-hydroxydiclofenac with a fungal peroxygenase
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Peroxidase; Peroxygenase; Oxygenase; Cytochrome P450; Hydroxylation;
5-Hydroxypropranolol; Propranolol; 4 '-Hydroxydiclofenac; Diclofenac;
Ascorbic acid
ID AGROCYBE-AEGERITA; PROPRANOLOL; METABOLITES; P450
AB An extracellular peroxygenase of Agrocybe aegerita catalyzed the H(2)O(2)-dependent hydroxylation of the multi-function beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol (1-naphthalen-1-yloxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol) and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (2-[2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl) amino]phenyl]acetic acid) to give the human drug metabolites 5-hydroxypropranolol (5-OHP) and 4'-hydroxydiclofenac (4'-OHD). The reactions proceeded regioselectively with high isomeric purity and gave the desired 5-OHP and 4'-OHD in yields up to 20% and 65%, respectively. (18)O-labeling experiments showed that the phenolic hydroxyl groups in 5-OHP and 4'-OHD originated from H(2)O(2), which establishes that the reaction is mechanistically a peroxygenation. Our results raise the possibility that fungal peroxygenases may be useful for versatile, cost-effective, and scalable syntheses of drug metabolites. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kinne, Matthias; Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena; Aranda, Elisabet; Ullrich, Rene; Hofrichter, Martin] Int Grad Sch Zittau, Unit Environm Biotechnol, D-02763 Zittau, Germany.
[Hammel, Kenneth E.] USDA Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Scheibner, Katrin] Univ Appl Sci Lausitz, D-01968 Senftenberg, Germany.
RP Kinne, M (reprint author), Int Grad Sch Zittau, Unit Environm Biotechnol, Markt 23, D-02763 Zittau, Germany.
EM kinne@ihi-zittau.de
RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011; Aranda, Elisabet/J-7430-2012
OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847; Aranda,
Elisabet/0000-0001-5915-2445
FU Konrad Adenauer Foundation; Fulbright Foundation; Deutsche
Bundesstiftung Umwelt [13225-32]
FX We thank Ulrike Schneider and Monika Brandt for technical assistance,
and Martin Kluge (Inge) and Christiane Liers for useful discussions.
This work was supported by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation (M.K.), the
Fulbright Foundation (K.E.H.) and the Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (M.
H. and K. S., Project Number 13225-32).
NR 17
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0960-894X
J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 11
BP 3085
EP 3087
DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.015
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 444LG
UT WOS:000265981900042
PM 19394224
ER
PT J
AU Compton, DL
Laszlo, JA
AF Compton, David L.
Laszlo, Joseph A.
TI 1,3-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol from the biocatalytic transesterification of
ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid (ethyl ferulate) and soybean oil
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Diferuloyl glycerol; Ethyl ferulate; Novozym 435; Soybean oil;
Sunscreen; Transesterification
ID LIPASE-CATALYZED TRANSESTERIFICATION; FERULOYLATED MONOACYL-GLYCEROLS;
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; DIACYLGLYCEROL; ESTERIFICATION; DERIVATIVES;
SYSTEM; ESTERS; LIPIDS
AB 1,3-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol is found ubiquitously throughout the plant kingdom, possessing ultraviolet adsorbing and antioxidant properties. Diferuloyl glycerol was synthesized and isolated as a byproduct in up to 5% yield from a pilot plant scale packed-bed, biocatalytic transesterification of ethyl ferulate with soybean oil or mono- and diacylglycerols from soybean oil. The yield of the diferuloyl glycerol byproduct was directly proportional to the overall water concentration of the bioreactor. The isolated diferuloyl glycerol exhibited good ultraviolet adsorbing properties, 280-360 nm with a lambda(max) 322 nm, and compared well to the efficacy of commercial sunscreen active ingredients. The antioxidant capacity of diferuloyl glycerol (0.25-2.5 mM) was determined by its ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and was comparable to that of ferulic acid. At current pilot plant scale production capacity, 120 kg diferuloyl glycerol byproduct could be isolated per year.
C1 [Compton, David L.; Laszlo, Joseph A.] ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Compton, DL (reprint author), ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM david.compton@ars.usda.gov
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0141-5492
J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT
JI Biotechnol. Lett.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 31
IS 6
BP 889
EP 896
DI 10.1007/s10529-009-9952-1
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 446ZG
UT WOS:000266160800017
PM 19238329
ER
PT J
AU Cao, JJ
Gregoire, BR
Gao, HW
AF Cao, Jay J.
Gregoire, Brian R.
Gao, Hongwei
TI High-fat diet decreases cancellous bone mass but has no effect on
cortical bone mass in the tibia in mice
SO BONE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bone; Fat; Obesity; Micro CT; Bone marrow stromal/osteoblastic cells
ID EARLY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; MINERAL DENSITY; INDUCED OBESITY; OSTEOCLAST
DIFFERENTIATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BODY-COMPOSITION; C57BL/6J
MOUSE; GROWTH-FACTOR; SUCROSE DIET; HORMONE
AB Body mass has a positive effect on bone health. Whether mass derived from an obesity condition or excessive fat accumulation is beneficial to bone has not been established; neither have the mechanisms by which obesity affects bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of obesity on bone structure and osteoblastic expression of key markets involved in bone formation and resorption in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Six-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice (n = 21) were assigned to two groups and fed either a control (10 kcal% energy as fat) or high-fat diet (HFD, 45 kcal% energy as fat) for 14 weeks. Bone marrow stromal/osteoblastic cells (BMSC) were cultured. Osteoprogenitor activity [alkaline phosphatase (ALP) positive colonies] and mineralization (calcium nodule formation) were determined. Gene expression was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Bone structure of proximal and midshaft tibia was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. Mice fed the HFD were 31% heavier (P<0.01) than those fed the control diet. There were more ALP positive colony forming units at d 14 and calcium nodules at d 28 of culture by BMSC from HFD mice than from control mice (P<0.01). Receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL) mRNA levels and the ratio of RANKL to osteoprotegerin expression in HFD animals was higher (P<0.01) than in control diet animals. Serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase levels were higher in HFD fed mice when compared to control diet fed mice (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in tibial fat-free weight, length, and cortical parameters of midshaft between the two groups. Compared with control mice, tibial trabecular bone volume was reduced, and trabecular separation was increased in HFD mice. Trabecular number was lower (P<0.05) and connectivity density tended to be less (P=0.07) in HFD mice than in control mice. In conclusion, our data indicate that obesity induced by a high-fat diet decreases cancellous bone mass but has no effect on cortical bone mass in the tibia in mice. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Cao, Jay J.; Gregoire, Brian R.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[Gao, Hongwei] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperfus Injury, Dept Anesthesia Perioperat & Pain Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Gao, Hongwei] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Cao, JJ (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM jay.Cao@ars.usda.gov; Brian.Gregoire@ars.usda.gov;
hgao@zeus.bwh.harvard.edu
NR 48
TC 96
Z9 97
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 8756-3282
J9 BONE
JI Bone
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 6
BP 1097
EP 1104
DI 10.1016/j.bone.2009.02.017
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 449RM
UT WOS:000266347700011
PM 19264159
ER
PT J
AU Smith, WK
Germino, MJ
Johnson, DM
Reinhardt, K
AF Smith, William K.
Germino, Matthew J.
Johnson, Daniel M.
Reinhardt, Keith
TI The Altitude of Alpine Treeline: A Bellwether of Climate Change Effects
SO BOTANICAL REVIEW
LA English
DT Review
DE Treeline; Timberline; Ecotone; Seedling; Facilitation; Climate
ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PHOTOINHIBITION; SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS;
ABIES-LASIOCARPA SEEDLINGS; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GROWTH-LIMITATION;
WATER RELATIONS; PINUS-CEMBRA; THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS;
ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; CROWN ARCHITECTURE
AB Because of the characteristically low temperatures and ambient CO2 concentrations associated with greater altitudes, mountain forests may be particularly sensitive to global warming and increased atmospheric CO2. Moreover, the upper treeline is probably the most stressful location within these forests, possibly providing an early bellwether of forest response. Most treeline studies of the past century, as well as recently, have correlated temperatures with the altitudinal limits observed for treelines. In contrast, investigations on pre-establishment seedlings, the most vulnerable life stage of most tree species, are rare. There appears to be specific microclimatic factors dictated by wind and sky exposure that limit seedling survival, and also generate the distorted tree forms commonly observed at treeline. Seedling survival appears critical for creating the biological facilitation of microclimate at the community level which is necessary for the growth of seedlings to normal tree stature, forming new subalpine forest at a higher altitude.
C1 [Smith, William K.; Reinhardt, Keith] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[Germino, Matthew J.] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Johnson, Daniel M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Smith, WK (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
EM smithwk@wfu.edu
RI Johnson, Daniel/E-6789-2011; Germino, Matthew/F-6080-2013; Reinhardt,
Keith/N-9080-2013
OI Johnson, Daniel/0000-0001-5890-3147;
FU National Science Foundation
FX The authors thank the National Science Foundation for financial support
to WKS and MJG; the USDA Forest Service for field work assistance in the
Medicine Bow Mountains of southeast Wyoming, USA, and Dr. Maia
Akhalkatsi and Otar Abdaladze of the Georgia Institute of Botany,
Kazbegi Research Station, Kazbegi, Georgia (FSU) for field assistance in
the Caucasus Mountains, Republic of Georgia.
NR 146
TC 65
Z9 72
U1 6
U2 80
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0006-8101
EI 1874-9372
J9 BOT REV
JI Bot. Rev.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 75
IS 2
BP 163
EP 190
DI 10.1007/s12229-009-9030-3
PG 28
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 451RO
UT WOS:000266487800001
ER
PT J
AU Ortiz-Santana, B
Halling, RE
AF Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz
Halling, Roy E.
TI A new species of Leccinum (Basidiomycota, Boletales) from Belize
SO BRITTONIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Boletaceae; Central America; ectomycorrhizal fungi; taxonomy
AB Leccinum viscosum is described, illustrated, and compared with similar taxa. Morphological characters indicate that this taxon represents a new species.
C1 [Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Halling, Roy E.] New York Bot Garden, Inst Systemat Bot, Bronx, NY 10458 USA.
RP Ortiz-Santana, B (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM bortizsantana@fs.fed.us; rhalling@nybg.org
FU National Science Foundation [DEB0103621, DEB-9972018, DEB-0414665]
FX The collection of specimens was supported by a grant from the National
Science Foundation, Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program to the
Research Foundation of the State University of New York, College at
Cortland (DEB0103621), in collaboration with the USDAForest Service. The
junior author is grateful for funding from the National Science
Foundation in grants DEB-9972018 and DEB-0414665.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0007-196X
J9 BRITTONIA
JI Brittonia
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 61
IS 2
BP 172
EP 174
DI 10.1007/s12228-008-9067-3
PG 3
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 453XO
UT WOS:000266646400008
ER
PT J
AU Lei, Z
Liu, TX
Greenberg, SM
AF Lei, Z.
Liu, T. -X.
Greenberg, S. M.
TI Feeding, oviposition and survival of Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera:
Agromyzidae) on Bt and non-Bt cottons
SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE leafminer; feeding; oviposition; survival; emergence; Bt cotton
ID MOMORDICA-CHARANTIA; CAPSICUM-ANNUUM; MATURE STAGE; SWEET-PEPPER;
TRANSGENIC COTTON; LEAFMINER; DETERRENT; BOLLWORM; PLANTS; LEPIDOPTERA
AB The effects of Bt transgenic cottons (Bt-I expressing cry1Ac and Bt-II expressing cry1Ab and cry2Ab or cry1Ab and cry1Fa) and non-Bt cottons on feeding, oviposition and longevity of adults, and development and survival of Liriomyza trifolii larvae were studied under laboratory conditions; and infestation on four Bt and two non-Bt cotton traits were investigated under field conditions. Laboratory choice and no-choice tests showed that L. trifolii adults were capable of distinguishing between Bt cottons and non-Bt cottons. In a choice test on younger plants (4-5 leaves), the adults were found more often and made more feeding punctures (FP) on non-Bt cottons than on Bt cottons. On older plants (8-9 leaves), adults made the most FP on non-Bt cotton followed by those on Bt-II cottons and the least on Bt-I cotton. The females oviposited more eggs (6.7 eggs per leaf) on non-Bt cotton than on Bt-I (1.7 eggs per leaf) and Bt-II (0.8 eggs per leaf) cottons on younger plants and oviposited similar numbers of eggs (0.7-1.3 eggs per leaf) on non-Bt and Bt cottons on older plants. hi a no-choice test, the females also fed more FP on non-Bt cottons than on Bt cottons on both younger and older plants. The females oviposited more eggs (15.6 eggs per leaf) on non-Bt cotton than on Bt-I (8.2 eggs per leaf) and Bt-II (6.5 eggs per leaf) cottons on younger plants and similar numbers of eggs (2.5-3.3 eggs per leaf) on non-Bt and Bt cottons on older plants. Larval and puparial survivals were not different among Bt and non-Bt cottons. The occurrence and damage of leafminers on cottons in the field showed that L. trifolii infested more plants and leaves and had more mines on non-Bt cotton than on Bt cottons.
C1 [Lei, Z.; Liu, T. -X.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Dept Entomol, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
[Lei, Z.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.
[Greenberg, S. M.] ARS, BIRU KSARC SPA, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
RP Liu, TX (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Dept Entomol, 2415 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
EM tx-liu@tamu.edu
FU National 973 Project [2002CB119000]; National 11th Five-years Project of
China [2006BAD08A17]
FX We thank J. Martinez, Y.M. Zhang and L. Li (Texas AgriLife Research) and
J. Alejandro, J. Caballero, L. Leal and J. Yarrito (KSARC-ARS-USDA) for
technical assistance. This article was submitted for publication with
the approval of the Center Director of Texas AgriLife Research and
Extension Center at Weslaco, Texas A&M University System and the Head of
the Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station,
Texas. This research is also partially funded by the National 973
Project (Grant no. 2002CB119000) and the National 11th Five-years
Project (2006BAD08A17) of China.
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 16
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND
SN 0007-4853
EI 1475-2670
J9 B ENTOMOL RES
JI Bull. Entomol. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 99
IS 3
BP 253
EP 261
DI 10.1017/S0007485308006317
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 459JU
UT WOS:000267098800004
PM 18840315
ER
PT J
AU Castle, SJ
Prabhaker, N
Henneberry, TJ
Toscano, NC
AF Castle, S. J.
Prabhaker, N.
Henneberry, T. J.
Toscano, N. C.
TI Host plant influence on susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera:
Aleyrodidae) to insecticides
SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioassay; resistance monitoring; crop effect; insect-plant interactions
ID SILVERLEAF WHITEFLY HOMOPTERA; DETOXIFYING ENZYMES;
DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT; MONITORING TOLERANCE;
FALL ARMYWORM; INDUCTION; ALLELOCHEMICALS; CALIFORNIA; COTTON
AB A resistance monitoring program conducted for the polyphagous whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), in Imperial Valley, CA, USA generated a large set of LC(50)s for adults collected from broccoli, cantaloupe and cotton crops over a four-year period. A vial bioassay and, subsequently, a yellow-sticky card bioassay produced similar temporal profiles of relative susceptibilities to the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin. Both bioassays revealed that whiteflies collected from broccoli were significantly less susceptible to bifenthrin compared to the other two crops. A similar finding was observed for endosulfan and the mixture of bifenthrin + endosulfan in the yellow-sticky card bioassay. The possibility that seasonal differences contributed to the observed differences in susceptibility provided the impetus to conduct a reciprocal transfer experiment using broccoli (or kale) and cantaloupe grown simultaneously in the field and greenhouse. Whitefly adults collected from an organic farm over three consecutive weeks had significantly higher LC(50)S on kale than those collected the same day on cantaloupe. After culturing in the greenhouse on broccoli or cantaloupe and testing again, LC(50)s remained significantly higher on broccoli after one week and again at the F, generation. In contrast, whiteflies originating on kale in the field and transferred to cantaloupes in the greenhouse had significantly reduced LQ(50)s at the F, generation. When tested against the bifenthrin + endosulfan mixture, significantly higher LC(50)s were generated for whiteflies reared on broccoli in the greenhouse at one week and the F, compared to the field source from cantaloupes. The consistently higher LC50S for whiteflies on broccoli and other Brassica spp. crops, compared to cantaloupes or cotton, point to statistically significant host-plant influences that are expressed in both field-collected and greenhouse-reared populations of whiteflies.
C1 [Castle, S. J.; Henneberry, T. J.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA.
[Prabhaker, N.; Toscano, N. C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
RP Castle, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA.
EM steven.castle@ars.usda.gov
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND
SN 0007-4853
J9 B ENTOMOL RES
JI Bull. Entomol. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 99
IS 3
BP 263
EP 273
DI 10.1017/S0007485308006329
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 459JU
UT WOS:000267098800005
PM 18947452
ER
PT J
AU Moore, MT
Lizotte, RE
Kroger, R
AF Moore, Matthew T.
Lizotte, Richard E., Jr.
Kroger, Robert
TI Efficiency of Experimental Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Fields in Mitigating
Diazinon Runoff Toxicity to Hyalella azteca
SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetlands; Organophosphate toxicity; Hyalella azteca
ID CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; PESTICIDE
AB This study assessed the viability of using planted, mature rice fields in mitigating diazinon (an organophosphate insecticide) runoff toxicity using aqueous 48 h Hyalella azteca whole effluent toxicity bioassays. Rice fields decreased diazinon concentrations 80.1%-99.9% compared with 10.8% in the unvegetated field control. H. azteca survival responses coincided with observed diazinon concentrations. Estimated LC50 effects dilutions (%) ranged from 1.15 to 1.47 for inflow samples and 1.66 (unvegetated), 6.44 (rice field A), and > 100 (rice field B) outflow samples. Decreases in inflow versus outflow aqueous toxicity were 77.1%-100% in rice fields compared with 18.7% in the unvegetated field.
C1 [Moore, Matthew T.; Lizotte, Richard E., Jr.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
[Kroger, Robert] Univ Mississippi, Field Stn, Ctr Water & Wetland Resources, Abbeville, MS 38601 USA.
RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0007-4861
J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX
JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 82
IS 6
BP 777
EP 780
DI 10.1007/s00128-009-9696-6
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 428FE
UT WOS:000264832600026
PM 19290453
ER
PT J
AU Valentine, HT
Affleck, DLR
Gregoire, TG
AF Valentine, Harry T.
Affleck, David L. R.
Gregoire, Timothy G.
TI Systematic sampling of discrete and continuous populations: sample
selection and the choice of estimator
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Review
AB Systematic sampling is easy, efficient, and widely used, though it is not generally recognized that a systematic sample may be drawn from the population of interest with or without restrictions on randomization. The restrictions or the lack of them determine which estimators are unbiased, when using the sampling design as the basis for inference. We describe the selection of a systematic sample, with and without restriction, from populations of discrete elements and from linear and areal continuums (continuous populations). We also provide unbiased estimators for both restricted and unrestricted selection. When the population size is known at the outset, systematic sampling with unrestricted selection is most likely the best choice. Restricted selection affords estimation of attribute totals for a population when the population size - for example, the area of an areal continuum - is unknown. Ratio estimation, however, is most likely a more precise option when the selection is restricted and the population size becomes known at the end of the sampling. There is no difference between restricted and unrestricted selection if the sampling interval or grid tessellates the frame in such a way that all samples contain an equal number of measurements. Moreover, all the estimators are unbiased and identical in this situation.
C1 [Valentine, Harry T.] US Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Affleck, David L. R.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Gregoire, Timothy G.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
RP Valentine, HT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM hvalentine@fs.fed.us
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 5
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 6
BP 1061
EP 1068
DI 10.1139/X09-019
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 469EU
UT WOS:000267879300001
ER
PT J
AU Erickson, HE
Harrington, CA
Marshall, DD
AF Erickson, Heather E.
Harrington, Constance A.
Marshall, David D.
TI Tree growth at stand and individual scales in two dual-species mixture
experiments in southern Washington State, USA
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; WESTERN HEMLOCK; MIXED STANDS;
PLANTATIONS; COMPETITION; EUCALYPTUS; PRODUCTIVITY; NITROGEN; OREGON
AB Planting with mixtures of tree species rather than single species is often considered during reforestation because of the potential increased productivity and other benefits. We examined tree growth at the stand and individual tree scales in two experiments contrasting monocultures with a 1:1 mixture of tree species: (1) Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) with a conifer of similar shade tolerance (western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don)) and (2) Douglas-fir with a more shade-tolerant conifer (western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.)). There was no effect of mixture on growth or yield in the Douglas-fir - western white pine combination. In the Douglas-fir - western hemlock combination, yields in the mixture equaled those in Douglas-fir stands because of the enhanced performance of Douglas-fir in the mixture. For Douglas-fir, the height/diameter (h/d) ratio was significantly less in mixture, suggesting reduced competition for light when grown with western hemlock. In contrast, the h/d ratio for western hemlock was significantly greater in mixture, suggesting increased competition for light when grown with Douglas-fir. Neighborhood analyses showed that tree growth was directly related to initial size and inversely related to relative neighbor size and that the h/d ratio was positively related to relative neighbor size. In general, the size of a neighboring tree influenced growth more than species identity. Relationships between h/d ratios and growth rates suggest that growth differences between Douglas-fir and western hemlock in mixture will eventually increase.
C1 [Erickson, Heather E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97205 USA.
[Harrington, Constance A.; Marshall, David D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA.
RP Erickson, HE (reprint author), Weyerhaeuser Co WTC 1A5, POB 9777, Federal Way, WA 98063 USA.
EM ericksonheather@yahoo.com
RI Harrington, Constance/G-6161-2012
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 15
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 6
BP 1119
EP 1132
DI 10.1139/X09-040
PG 14
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 469EU
UT WOS:000267879300006
ER
PT J
AU Adams, AS
Currie, CR
Cardoza, Y
Klepzig, KD
Raffa, KF
AF Adams, A. S.
Currie, C. R.
Cardoza, Y.
Klepzig, K. D.
Raffa, K. F.
TI Effects of symbiotic bacteria and tree chemistry on the growth and
reproduction of bark beetle fungal symbionts
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE COLEOPTERA; SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE; LODGEPOLE
PINE; OPHIOSTOMA-CLAVIGERUM; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; VOLATILE
METABOLITES; MYCANGIAL FUNGI; ORAL SECRETIONS; RED PINE; SCOLYTIDAE
AB Bark beetles are associated with diverse assemblages of microorganisms, many of which affect their interactions with host plants and natural enemies. We tested how bacterial associates of three bark beetles with various types of host relationships affect growth and reproduction of their symbiotic fungi. Fungi were exposed to volatiles from bacteria in an arena that imposed physical separation but shared airspace. We also exposed fungi to vapors of the host compound, a-pinene, and to combinations of bacterial volatiles and a-pinene. Bacterial volatiles commonly stimulated growth of Leptographium procerum (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf. and Grosmannia clavigera (Rob.-Jeffr. & R.W. Davidson) Zipfel, Z.W. de Beer & Wingf., which are symbiotic fungi of Dendroctonus valens LeConte and Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, respectively. They less commonly stimulated growth of Ophiostoma ips (Rumbold) Nannf., which is associated with Ips grandicollis Eichhoff. Some bacteria inhibited L. procerum, Ophiostoma montium (Rumbold) von Arx (another associate of D. ponderosae), and O. ips. Bacteria greatly stimulated spore production of symbionts of D. valens and D. ponderosae. a-Pinene strongly affected some of these relationships, causing amplification, reduction, or reversal of the interactions among the bacteria and fungi. Our results show that some bacteria associated with bark beetles directly affect fungal symbionts and interact with tree chemistry to affect fungal growth and sporulation. The strongest effects were induced by bacteria associated with beetles adapted to attacking living trees with vigorous defenses, and on fungal reproductive structures.
C1 [Adams, A. S.; Raffa, K. F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Currie, C. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Cardoza, Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Klepzig, K. D.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
RP Adams, AS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, 237 Russell Labs, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM asadams@entomology.wisc.edu
FU USDA National Research Initiative [2003-3502-13528]; USDA Forest Service
Southern Research Station; National Science Foundation [DEB0314215,
MCB07020255]
FX We thank J. Smith (University Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin) for
assistance in the laboratory, S. Adams (University Wisconsin, Madison,
Wisconsin) for sequencing several microbes, and D. Young (University
Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin) for training with the Automontage
software. We thank K. Bleiker for providing fungal cultures from D.
ponderosae. This manuscript was improved by helpful suggestions and
comments of two anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor, C.
Prescott. This research was supported by funding from the USDA National
Research Initiative (2003-3502-13528), USDA Forest Service Southern
Research Station, and the National Science Foundation (DEB0314215 and
MCB07020255).
NR 50
TC 38
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U1 3
U2 29
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 6
BP 1133
EP 1147
DI 10.1139/X09-034
PG 15
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 469EU
UT WOS:000267879300007
ER
PT J
AU Busse, MD
Cochran, PH
Hopkins, WE
Johnson, WH
Riegel, GM
Fiddler, GO
Ratcliff, AW
Shestak, CJ
AF Busse, Matt D.
Cochran, P. H.
Hopkins, William E.
Johnson, William H.
Riegel, Gregg M.
Fiddler, Gary O.
Ratcliff, Alice W.
Shestak, Carol J.
TI Developing resilient ponderosa pine forests with mechanical thinning and
prescribed fire in central Oregon's pumice region
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID FUEL REDUCTION TREATMENTS; VOLCANIC ASH SOILS; RESTORATION TREATMENTS;
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; NORTHEASTERN OREGON; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; STAND
STRUCTURE; SIERRA-NEVADA; DRY FORESTS; GROWTH
AB Thinning and prescribed burning are common management practices for reducing fuel buildup in ponderosa pine forests. However, it is not well understood if their combined use is required to lower wildfire risk and to help restore natural ecological function. We compared 16 treatment combinations of thinning, prescribed fire, and slash retention for two decades across a site quality gradient of second-growth pine stands, measuring changes in forest vegetation growth, structure, and composition. Thinning alone doubled the diameter growth increment of ponderosa pine, moderately stimulated shrub production, and resulted in lower tree mortality compared with unthinned plots. In contrast, repeated fire alone did not substantially alter stand structure or increase tree vigor, herbaceous production, or plant diversity. The combined use of thinning and repeated burning reduced shrub cover, yet produced no changes in herbaceous production, plant diversity, stand structure, or tree vigor compared with thin-only treatments. Additional findings identified (1) inconsequential effects of thinning residues on site productivity, (2) the need for multiple entries of prescribed fire if the abatement of shrubs is required, (3) the ineffectiveness of repeated burning to stimulate plant growth, and (4) that the thinning treatment served as an effective surrogate to fire for managing central Oregon forest vegetation.
C1 [Busse, Matt D.; Fiddler, Gary O.; Ratcliff, Alice W.; Shestak, Carol J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA.
[Cochran, P. H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Bend, OR 97001 USA.
[Hopkins, William E.; Riegel, Gregg M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Reg Ecol Program, Bend, OR 97001 USA.
RP Busse, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA.
EM mbusse@fs.fed.us
FU Bend LTSP
FX We are grateful to the staff of the Deschutes National Forest and the
Pacific Northwest Research Station for their support of the Bend LTSP
study. In particular, we express our gratitude to Johanna Booser for her
dedicated effort in keeping the study vital to the needs of central
Oregon land managers. We thank Dick Newman, Larry Carpenter, Don Jones,
and countless others for their technical support, and we thank Bob
Powers and Jim Baldwin for their constructive advice during the writing
of the manuscript.
NR 61
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U1 2
U2 9
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 6
BP 1171
EP 1185
DI 10.1139/X09-044
PG 15
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 469EU
UT WOS:000267879300010
ER
PT J
AU Rothrock, MJ
Cook, KL
Bolster, CH
AF Rothrock, Michael J., Jr.
Cook, Kimberly L.
Bolster, Carl H.
TI Comparative quantification of Campylobacter jejuni from environmental
samples using traditional and molecular biological techniques
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Campylobacter jejuni; quantitative real-time PCR; selective plate
counts; Escherichia coli
ID REAL-TIME PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; WATER;
SURVIVAL; SPP.; PATHOGENS; SEWAGE; ASSAY; DNA
AB Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis in the world. Given the potential risks to human, animal, and environmental health, the development and optimization of methods to quantify this important pathogen in environmental samples is essential. Two of the most commonly used methods for quantifying C jejuni are selective plate counting and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Unfortunately, little comparative research has been performed to evaluate the accuracy of these methods for quantification of C. jejuni in aqueous and solid matricies. In this study, the limit of detection and the level of resolution obtained using these 2 methods was evaluated for C. jejuni and compared with that of the common indicator organism Escherichia coli. The use of selective plate count media for quantification of C jejuni resulted in a 0.7-1.2 log underestimation of cell concentrations, compared with qPCR in both water and column leachate samples, whereas E. coli concentrations were found to be similar with either technique. For C jejuni, only the qPCR assay accurately measured 2-fold changes in cell concentrations in water samples, whereas concentrations of E. coli were accurately measured regardless of method. Based on these data, qPCR assays were found to be more accurate than selective plate counts for quantification of C. jejuni from environmental samples.
C1 [Rothrock, Michael J., Jr.; Cook, Kimberly L.; Bolster, Carl H.] USDA ARS, AWMRU, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA.
RP Rothrock, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, CPSWPRC, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA.
EM michael.rothrock@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-ARS National Program 206
FX We would like to thank J. Sorrell, R. Parekh, and T. Mack (USDA-ARS,
AWMRU) for their technical assistance. This research was part of
USDA-ARS National Program 206. Manure and By-product Utilization.
Mention of a trademark or product anywhere in this paper is to describe
experimental procedures and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty
of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the
exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable.
NR 43
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U1 0
U2 9
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4166
J9 CAN J MICROBIOL
JI Can. J. Microbiol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 55
IS 6
BP 633
EP 641
DI 10.1139/W09-006
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Immunology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Immunology; Microbiology
GA 481ZM
UT WOS:000268852800001
PM 19767832
ER
PT J
AU Hawkins, TS
Skojac, DA
Lockhart, BR
Leininger, TD
Devall, MS
Schiff, NM
AF Hawkins, Tracy S.
Skojac, Daniel A., Jr.
Lockhart, Brian R.
Leininger, Theodor D.
Devall, Margaret S.
Schiff, Nathan M.
TI Bottomland Forests in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley Associated
with the Endangered Lindera melissifolia
SO CASTANEA
LA English
DT Article
ID PONDBERRY; ECOLOGY; BLUME
AB Forest canopy and subcanopy data were collected from and compared among five disjunct bottomland hardwood forests in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley, each with known occurrence of a population of the federally endangered shrub Lindera melissifolia. All study sites are cut-over forests, underlain by hydric soils, and have a seasonal high water table. Canopy and subcanopy species are similar among sites, but species differ in relative importance, and flood tolerant tree species exceed that of flood intolerant species. Distribution of L. melissifolia colonies within each study site was not associated with mean tree density or d.b.h. Forest composition and structure at each study site reflect hydrologic regime, topography, historical disturbance, and an absence of recent disturbance. Results of this study provide a quantitative description of bottomland forests that currently sustain L. melissifolia populations. This information may be utilized for development of forest management plans aimed at ensuring continued sustainability of existing L. melissifolia populations and assessing other bottomland hardwood forests for potential reintroduction of this endangered species.
C1 [Hawkins, Tracy S.; Skojac, Daniel A., Jr.; Lockhart, Brian R.; Leininger, Theodor D.; Devall, Margaret S.; Schiff, Nathan M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Hawkins, TS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Box 9681, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM tracyhawkins@fs.fed.us
FU Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission; Missouri Department of
Conservation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers
FX The authors thank Rolando Saavedra, Tim Huggins, Ben Maddox, and Theran
Stautz for help with data collection, Greg Comer for map construction,
Robert Zachary (Arkansas Game and Fish Commission), Arkansas Natural
Heritage Commission, Missouri Department of Conservation, and U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service for allowing research to be conducted at the study
sites, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for underwriting the cost of
this research, and Drs. Charles Bryson, Emile Gardiner, and Steve
Meadows for review of an earlier draft of this manuscript.
NR 36
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U1 0
U2 1
PU SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BOTANICAL SOC, NEWBERRY COLL
PI NEWBERRY
PA DEPT BIOLOGY, C/O CHARLES N HORN, SECRETARY-TREASURER, 2100 COLLEGE ST,
NEWBERRY, SC 29108 USA
SN 0008-7475
J9 CASTANEA
JI Castanea
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 74
IS 2
BP 105
EP 113
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 483IK
UT WOS:000268957300002
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DA
Venegas, B
Cooke, PH
English, V
Chong, PLG
AF Brown, Desmond A.
Venegas, Berenice
Cooke, Peter H.
English, Verrica
Chong, Parkson Lee-Gau
TI Bipolar tetraether archaeosomes exhibit unusual stability against
autoclaving as studied by dynamic light scattering and electron
microscopy
SO CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF LIPIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Autoclaving; Archaea; Lipids; Membranes; Electron microscopy; Dynamic
light scattering; Fluorescence
ID SULFOLOBUS-ACIDOCALDARIUS; LIPID-MEMBRANES; HEAT STERILIZATION; ETHER
LIPIDS; LIPOSOMES; ARCHAEBACTERIA; PERMEABILITY; FLUORESCENCE;
MECHANISMS; RESPONSES
AB The stability of liposomes made of the polar lipid fraction E (PLFE) isolated from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius against autoclaving has been studied by using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. PLFE lipids have structures distinctly different from those derived from eukaryotes and prokaryotes. PLFE lipids are bipolar tetraether molecules and may contain tip to four cyclopentane rings in each of the two dibiphytanyl chains. In the pH range 4-10, PLFE-based archaeosomes, with and without polyethyleneglycol- and maleimide-lipids, are able to retain vesicle size, size distribution, and morphology through at least six autoclaving cycles. The cell growth temperature (65 degrees C vs. 78 degrees C), hence the number of cyclopentane rings in the hydrocarbon chains, does not affect this general conclusion. By contrast, at the same pH range, most conventional liposomes made of monopolar diester lipids and cholesterol or pegylated lipids cannot withhold vesicle size and size distribution against just one cycle of autoclaving. At pH < 4, the particle size and polydispersity of PLFE-based archaeosomes increase with autoclaving cycles, suggesting that aggregation or membrane disruption may have occurred at extreme acidic conditions during heat sterilization. Under high salt conditions, dye leakage from PLFE archaeosomes due to autoclaving is significantly less than that from pegylated liposomes composed of conventional lipids. The ability to maintain vesicle integrity after multiple autoclaving cycles indicates the potential usefulness of utilizing PLFE-based archaeosomes as autoclavable and durable drug (including genes, peptides, vaccines, siRNA) delivery vehicles. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brown, Desmond A.; Venegas, Berenice; English, Verrica; Chong, Parkson Lee-Gau] Temple Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA.
[Cooke, Peter H.] Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Chong, PLG (reprint author), Temple Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA.
EM pchong02@temple.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0706410]; US Army Research Office
[DAAD19-02-1-0077]
FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation (DMR-0706410) and
US Army Research Office (DAAD19-02-1-0077). We are grateful to Dr. Chris
du Plessis at BHP Billiton for providing hGDNT.
NR 42
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U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0009-3084
J9 CHEM PHYS LIPIDS
JI Chem. Phys. Lipids
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 159
IS 2
BP 95
EP 103
DI 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.03.004
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 463WV
UT WOS:000267465200006
PM 19477316
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JD
Stallknecht, DE
Berghaus, RD
Luttrell, MP
Velek, K
Kistler, W
Costa, T
Yabsley, MJ
Swayne, D
AF Brown, Justin D.
Stallknecht, David E.
Berghaus, Roy D.
Luttrell, M. Page
Velek, Katherine
Kistler, Whitney
Costa, Taiana
Yabsley, Michael J.
Swayne, David
TI Evaluation of a Commercial Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To
Detect Avian Influenza Virus Antibodies in Multiple Experimentally
Infected Avian Species
SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID H5N1; PATHOGENICITY; DUCKS; GULLS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; BIRDS
AB Wild birds of the orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the natural reservoirs for avian influenza (AI) viruses. Traditionally, AI virus surveillance in wild birds has relied on virus identification strategies, including virus isolation and detection. To evaluate the accuracy of a commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) and the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for detection of antibodies in wild birds, which is indicative of AI virus infection, we tested 281 serum samples from various wild avian species that were experimentally infected with AI viruses. Included in these samples were 178 samples from birds with confirmed AI virus infections (122 infected with low-pathogenic AI [LPAI] viruses and 56 infected with highly pathogenic AI [HPAI] viruses) and 103 samples from birds that were uninfected, negative controls. The sensitivities of the bELISA and the AGID test were 0.820 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.756 to 0.874) and 0.674 (95% CI, 0.600 to 0.742), respectively. Both tests had an estimated specificity of 1.00 (95% CI, 0.965 to 1.00). The bELISA was significantly more sensitive than the AGID test for both LPAI virus-and HPAI virus-infected birds. Both assays, however, had a higher sensitivity for birds infected with HPAI virus than for birds infected with LPAI virus. These results demonstrate the potential utility of the bELISA for detection of antibodies to both LPAI and HPAI viruses in multiple avian species, representing five avian orders and 17 genera. Additional studies are warranted to further evaluate the utility of the bELISA for use with naturally infected birds.
C1 [Brown, Justin D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Velek, Katherine] IDEXX Labs, Westbrook, ME 04092 USA.
[Kistler, Whitney; Yabsley, Michael J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Swayne, David] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Brown, JD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jubrown1@uga.edu
FU ARS [661232000-048-00D]; Specific Cooperative Agreement
[58-6612-2-0220]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases;
National Institutes of Health (NIH) [HHSN266200700007C]
FX Funding for this work was provided by ARS CRIS project 661232000-048-00D
and Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-6612-2-0220 between the Southeast
Poultry Research Laboratory and the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife
Disease Study. Additionally, this work was funded by the National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of
Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, under contract
no. HHSN266200700007C.
NR 23
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U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1556-6811
J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL
JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 6
BP 824
EP 829
DI 10.1128/CVI.00084-09
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 453UR
UT WOS:000266638900007
PM 19386796
ER
PT J
AU Toka, FN
Nfon, CK
Dawson, H
Golde, WT
AF Toka, Felix N.
Nfon, Charles K.
Dawson, Harry
Golde, William T.
TI Accessory-Cell-Mediated Activation of Porcine NK Cells by Toll-Like
Receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR8 Agonists
SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUTH-DISEASE VIRUS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; IFN-GAMMA PRODUCTION;
DENDRITIC CELLS; HUMAN MACROPHAGES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INTERFERON-ALPHA;
ACUTE INFECTION; CHAIN-B; EXPRESSION
AB The induction of innate immune responses by toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists is the subject of intense investigation. In large part, this reflects the potential of such compounds to be effective vaccine adjuvants. For that reason, we analyzed the activation of innate cells in swine by TLR7 and TLR8 agonists. These agonists activated porcine NK cells by increasing gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) expression and perforin storage. The activation of porcine NK cells was mediated by accessory cells, since their depletion resulted in reduced cytotoxicity toward target cells. Accessory cells were stimulated to produce interleukin 12 (IL-12), IL-15, IL-18, and IFN-alpha after treatment with TLR7 or TLR8 agonists. Neutralization of these cytokines reduced but did not completely inhibit the induction of NK cell cytotoxicity. Direct stimulation of NK cells with TLR7 or TLR8 agonists resulted in minimal cytotoxicity but levels of IFN-gamma equivalent to those detected in the presence of accessory cells. Porcine NK cells express both TLR7 and TLR8 mRNAs, and treatment with these TLR agonists induced higher mRNA expression levels of TRAIL and IL-15R alpha, which may contribute to the activity of NK cells. These data indicate that TLR7 and TLR8 agonists indirectly or directly activate porcine NK cells but that optimum levels of activation require cytokine secretion by accessory cells activated by these compounds. Interestingly, NK cells activated by TLR7 or TLR8 agonists were cytotoxic against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)-infected cells in vitro, indicating that these TLR agonists may be beneficial as adjuvants to stimulate the innate immunity against FMDV.
C1 [Toka, Felix N.; Nfon, Charles K.; Golde, William T.] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
[Toka, Felix N.] Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Fac Vet Med, Dept Preclin Sci, Warsaw, Poland.
[Dawson, Harry] USDA ARS, Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Golde, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
EM william.golde@ars.usda.gov
RI Toka, Felix/C-4853-2011; Dawson, Harry/H-8242-2013
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1556-6811
EI 1556-679X
J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL
JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 6
BP 866
EP 878
DI 10.1128/CVI.00035-09
PG 13
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 453UR
UT WOS:000266638900013
PM 19369481
ER
PT J
AU Homme, MB
Maleki, SJ
Jortani, SA
AF Homme, M. Bon
Maleki, S. J.
Jortani, S. A.
TI Convergence of Lateral Flow, ELISA and Western-Blot Techniques in
Detection of Soluble Peanut Proteins
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry
CY JUL 19-23, 2009
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem
C1 [Homme, M. Bon; Jortani, S. A.] Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
[Maleki, S. J.] USDA, New Orleans, LA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 55
IS 6
BP A266
EP A266
PG 1
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 456ZZ
UT WOS:000266895401404
ER
PT J
AU Buckner, JS
Pitts-Singer, TL
Guedot, C
Hagen, MM
Fatland, CL
Kemp, WP
AF Buckner, James S.
Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.
Guedot, Christelle
Hagen, Marcia M.
Fatland, Charlotte L.
Kemp, William P.
TI Cuticular lipids of female solitary bees, Osmia lignaria Say and
Megachile rotundata (F.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR
BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alfalfa leafcutting bee; n-Alkanes; Blue orchard bee; Mono-alkenes; Wax
esters
ID NEST RECOGNITION; SOCIAL WASP; HYDROCARBONS; BIOCHEMISTRY; PHEROMONE;
BEHAVIOR; ALKENES; CUES
AB The cuticular lipids of the cavity-nesting adult female solitary bees, Osmia lignaria Say and Megachile rotundata (F.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and combined GC-mass spectrometry. The cuticular lipids of these female bees are mainly consisted of hydrocarbons. For O. lignaria, nearly 64% of the cuticular lipids were C(25)-C(31) mono-alkenes. For M. rotundata, 48% of the cuticular lipids were C(23)-C(33) alkanes with nearly the same quantities of the same chain-length mono-alkenes (45%). For the mono-alkenes of O. lignaria, 14 mono-alkene constituents were identified, with two of these, 9-heptacosene and 7-nonacosene, comprising 67% of the total alkene distribution. For M. rotundata females, the mixtures of mono-alkenes were more complex with 26 constituents identified and quantified. For the M. rotundata mono-alkenes, 57% of the total composition consisted of the three alkenes, 7-pentacosene, 9-pentacosene and 7-heptacosene. For both bee species, small quantities Of C(40)-C(48) wax esters were also characterized with the major components possessing a C(18) mono-unsaturated fatty acid (9-octadecenoate) moiety esterified to even-carbon number (C(22-30)) fatty alcohols. The possible role of these cuticular lipids as nest recognition chemicals is discussed in light of nesting behavior of managed crop pollinators. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Buckner, James S.; Hagen, Marcia M.; Fatland, Charlotte L.; Kemp, William P.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Guedot, Christelle] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Buckner, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM james.buckner@ars.usda.gov
NR 42
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U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1096-4959
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 153
IS 2
BP 200
EP 205
DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2009.02.018
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology
GA 493UW
UT WOS:000269764800010
PM 19298863
ER
PT J
AU McKinion, JM
Jenkins, JN
Willers, JL
Zumanis, A
AF McKinion, J. M.
Jenkins, J. N.
Willers, J. L.
Zumanis, A.
TI Spatially variable insecticide applications for early season control of
cotton insect pests
SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Multispectral; Imaging; Spatially variable; Automation; Insecticide;
WLAN; Wireless; Network
AB Our research has shown that cotton insect pests, specifically tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae) can be controlled early season in commercial cotton fields in Mississippi, USA, using spatially variable insecticide applications. Technology was developed for using GIS-based map scouting and a technique called the line-intercept method for obtaining low-level insect population counts in both rapidly growing areas of cotton and poorer growing areas. Using these population characteristics in combination with heuristic knowledge of the cotton fields and with the GIS maps, a spatially sensitive map could then be developed that could drive a spatially variable insecticide application for the control of the insect pest. We outline the steps needed to develop an automated technology for overcoming the time-sensitive events for early season control of cotton pests. This technology not only includes software systems for processing multispectral images to spatially variable insecticide application maps for spray controllers in the field but also high-speed wireless local area network (WLAN) technology for automated delivery of these controller application maps and for acquisition of as-applied and harvest maps from the field. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [McKinion, J. M.; Jenkins, J. N.; Willers, J. L.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Zumanis, A.] Leica Geosyst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
RP McKinion, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM james.mckinion@ars.usda.gov
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0168-1699
J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR
JI Comput. Electron. Agric.
PD JUN-JUL
PY 2009
VL 67
IS 1-2
BP 71
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.compag.2009.03.004
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Agriculture; Computer Science
GA 455JT
UT WOS:000266756100010
ER
PT J
AU Syphard, AD
Radeloff, VC
Hawbaker, TJ
Stewart, SI
AF Syphard, Alexandra D.
Radeloff, Volker C.
Hawbaker, Todd J.
Stewart, Susan I.
TI Conservation Threats Due to Human-Caused Increases in Fire Frequency in
Mediterranean-Climate Ecosystems
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fire; land cover; Mediterranean; MODIS; population density; remote
sensing; cobertura de suelo; densidad poblacional; fuego; Mediterraneo;
MODIS; percepcion remota
ID BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; CALIFORNIA;
MODIS; REGIMES; LANDSCAPE; DISTURBANCE; PRIORITIES; IMPACTS
AB Periodic wildfire is an important natural process in Mediterranean-climate ecosystems, but increasing fire recurrence threatens the fragile ecology of these regions. Because most fires are human-caused, we investigated how human population patterns affect fire frequency. Prior research in California suggests the relationship between population density and fire frequency is not linear. There are few human ignitions in areas with low population density, so fire frequency is low. As population density increases, human ignitions and fire frequency also increase, but beyond a density threshold, the relationship becomes negative as fuels become sparser and fire suppression resources are concentrated. We tested whether this hypothesis also applies to the other Mediterranean-climate ecosystems of the world. We used global satellite databases of population, fire activity, and land cover to evaluate the spatial relationship between humans and fire in the world's five Mediterranean-climate ecosystems. Both the mean and median population densities were consistently and substantially higher in areas with than without fire, but fire again peaked at intermediate population densities, which suggests that the spatial relationship is complex and nonlinear. Some land-cover types burned more frequently than expected, but no systematic differences were observed across the five regions. The consistent association between higher population densities and fire suggests that regardless of differences between land-cover types, natural fire regimes, or overall population, the presence of people in Mediterranean-climate regions strongly affects the frequency of fires; thus, population growth in areas now sparsely settled presents a conservation concern. Considering the sensitivity of plant species to repeated burning and the global conservation significance of Mediterranean-climate ecosystems, conservation planning needs to consider the human influence on fire frequency. Fine-scale spatial analysis of relationships between people and fire may help identify areas where increases in fire frequency will threaten ecologically valuable areas.
C1 [Syphard, Alexandra D.; Radeloff, Volker C.; Hawbaker, Todd J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stewart, Susan I.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.
RP Syphard, AD (reprint author), Conservat Biol Inst, 7916 Deerfield St, San Diego, CA 92120 USA.
EM asyphard@consbio.org
RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016
OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X
FU U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station
FX We gratefully thank the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station
for supporting this research. Three anonymous reviewers and the
assigning editor, B. McComb made valuable suggestions, which greatly
strengthened our manuscript.
NR 57
TC 75
Z9 76
U1 3
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 3
BP 758
EP 769
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01223.x
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 445SG
UT WOS:000266071200031
PM 22748094
ER
PT J
AU Ghaffariyan, MR
Durston, T
Sobhani, H
Mohadjer, MRM
AF Ghaffariyan, Mohammad Reza
Durston, Torn
Sobhani, Hooshang
Mohadjer, Mohammad Reza Marvi
TI Mule Logging in Northern Forests of Iran: A Study of Productivity, Cost
and Damage to Soil and Seedlings
SO CROATIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE animal logging; production; wood hauling model; load volume; soil
compaction; disturbed area
AB Animal logging is one of the traditional logging systems in Iran, as in many other areas of the world. In this study, after determination of the work elements, a continuous time study method was used to develop hauling time prediction models for wood hauling by mule for firewood hauling with standard saddles, firewood hauling with special equipment, and pulpwood hauling. The elemental time prediction models are also presented in this paper.
The firewood production outputs in billet hauling were 2.135 m(3)/h using standard saddles, and 3.275 m(3)/h using special equipment. Pulpwood hauling productivity was 1.246 m(3)/h. The contract costs for hauling firewood and pulpwood were 1.02 (sic)/m(3) and 1.28 (sic)/m(3), respectively. Soil disturbance was observed on 5.72% of the harvesting area, and the soil compaction in the studied skid trail increased by 14.14%.
C1 [Ghaffariyan, Mohammad Reza] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci Vienna, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Inst Forest Engn, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
[Durston, Torn] US Forest Serv, Sonora, CA 95370 USA.
[Sobhani, Hooshang; Mohadjer, Mohammad Reza Marvi] Univ Tehran, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Foresty, Karaj, Iran.
RP Ghaffariyan, MR (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci Vienna, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Inst Forest Engn, Peter Jordan Str 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
EM ghafari901@yahoo.com; tdurston@fs.fed.us; sobhani@nrf.ut.ac.ir;
mohadjer@nrf.ut.ac.ir
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU CROATION FORESTS
PI ZAGREB
PA FORESTRY FACULTY ZAGREB UNIV, PO BOX 422, ZAGREB, HR-10 002, CROATIA
SN 1845-5719
J9 CROAT J FOR ENG
JI Croat. J. For. Eng.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 67
EP 75
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 488FS
UT WOS:000269335200007
ER
PT J
AU Gottwald, T
Graham, J
Bock, C
Bonn, G
Civerolo, E
Irey, M
Leite, R
McCollum, G
Parker, P
Ramallo, J
Riley, T
Schubert, T
Stein, B
Taylor, E
AF Gottwald, T.
Graham, J.
Bock, C.
Bonn, G.
Civerolo, E.
Irey, M.
Leite, R.
McCollum, G.
Parker, P.
Ramallo, J.
Riley, T.
Schubert, T.
Stein, B.
Taylor, E.
TI The epidemiological significance of post-packinghouse survival of
Xanthomonas citri subsp citri for dissemination of Asiatic citrus canker
via infected fruit
SO CROP PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Fruit disease incidence; Disease spread; Bacterial survival; Disease
dissemination; Market quality; Packing line disinfection; Cull pile;
Lesion; Disease management
ID AXONOPODIS-PV.-CITRI; DISPERSAL; SPRAY
AB The risk of introduction of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) to new, unaffected citrus producing areas is a major concern for those citrus industries attempting to remain free of citrus canker. Citrus fruit, as a potential pathway for Xcc to enter and become established in these areas, are assumed to be a risk. However, there is little information relative to the potential of harvested fruit to act as all inoculum source. A multi-national research team was established to investigate the potential of bacterial Survival in infected citrus fruit lesions and as surface contaminants on symptom-free fruit, and to examine the potential of infected fruit as a viable inoculum source. Experiments were conducted in various locations in Florida and Argentina. Bacterial recovery and culture plating were problematic due to the presence of non-pathogenic bacteria with cultural characteristics that were difficult to distinguish from Xcc. Therefore, in all experiments, although culturing on semi-selective agar media Was used as all indication of overall bacterial populations, bioassays were conducted via needleless injection and infiltration of suspect bacterial suspensions into susceptible cv. Duncan grapefruit leaves. Inoculation Sites were Subsequently assessed for Symptoms of Citrus canker and lesions were individually enumerated to confirm the presence of Xcc. In commercial packing lines in Florida and northwest Argentina, prewashing the fruit to remove dirt and debris reduced Surface bacterial populations. As anticipated, recovery of Xcc from fruit Surfaces increased when active citrus canker lesions were present but total bacterial recovery decreased after processing, and bioassays demonstrated that the quantity of viable Xcc declined as fruit remained in cold storage, or as they aged oil the trees. Bioassays demonstrated that the highest incidence of Xcc from fruit after the packing line antimicrobial treatment occurred with symptomatic fruit (2.5-50.6 lesions leaf(-1)). and zero to very low levels with fruit from apparently healthy trees (0-1.74 lesions leaf(-1)). Furthermore, the proportion of injection-infiltration bioassay sites that developed lesions consistently decreased with time after processing in each of the three packing house studies, also showing that as fruit senesce and lesions age tile ability of fruit to generate or sustain Xcc bacteria was increasingly compromised. The packing line process reduced canker lesion activity by as much as 50% compared to unprocessed fruit. Xcc survived in wounds on mature fruit attached to the tree, but Xcc populations declined in wounds of processed or non-processed harvested fruit. Discarded canker-infected fruit in cull piles was ineffective as a source of inoculum for dispersal. Transmission from cull Piles of packing line-processed fruit to Surrounding trap plants, even less than 1 m away, did not occur under natural conditions. However, with severely infected piles of culled fruit subject to extreme simulated wind (25 m s(-1)) and rain conditions, only a single lesion. associated with leaf injury, developed on a trip plant immediately downwind of the cull pile, suggesting an exceedingly low risk of spread. Taken as a group, this series of experiments demonstrate that harvested and packinghouse-disinfested citrus fruit are extremely Unlikely to be a pathway for Xcc to reach and infect susceptible citrus and become established in canker-free areas. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Gottwald, T.; Bock, C.; McCollum, G.; Taylor, E.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
[Graham, J.; Bock, C.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA.
[Bonn, G.; Schubert, T.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Civerolo, E.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
[Irey, M.] US Sugar Corp, So Gardens Citrus, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA.
[Leite, R.] IAPAR, Area Prot Plantas, CP 481, BR-86047902 Londrina, Brazil.
[Parker, P.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA.
[Ramallo, J.] Estn Expt Agroind Obispo Colombres, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina.
[Riley, T.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Citrus Hlth Response Program, Orlando, FL 32824 USA.
RP Gottwald, T (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
EM tim.gottwald@ars.usda.gov
RI Graham, James/B-7049-2008
NR 28
TC 30
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0261-2194
J9 CROP PROT
JI Crop Prot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 6
BP 508
EP 524
DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2009.02.003
PG 17
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 447LW
UT WOS:000266193600007
ER
PT J
AU Hunter, WJ
AF Hunter, William J.
TI Vadose Zone Microbial Biobarriers Remove Nitrate from Percolating
Groundwater
SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEPTIC-SYSTEM NITRATE; VEGETABLE-OIL; DENITRIFICATION; BARRIERS; WATER;
EFFLUENT; SELENITE; CARBON; RATES; SOIL
AB Microbial biobarriers are an established technique for cleansing contaminants from aquifers. This study evaluated their use under well-drained conditions within the vadose or unsaturated zone. Three sets of sand filled columns, the positive control, field-capacity, and sub-field-capacity groups, contained biobarriers formed by mixing sand with sawdust and soybean oil. The biobarriers were positioned 1 m from the top of the 145 cm columns. A fourth set of column, the negative control, contained no biobarrier. The positive control group's biobarriers were saturated while biobarriers in the other groups were allowed to drain. At intervals water containing 20 mg l(-1) NO(3)(-)-N was applied to the columns, the water was allowed to percolate through the columns, and the effluents were collected and analyzed. The biobarriers were highly effective at removing NO(3)(-). NO(3)(-)-N in the effluents from the field-capacity, sub-field-capacity, and positive control groups averaged 0.4 +/- 0.1, 0.6 +/- 0.1, and 0.8 +/- 0.1 mg l(-1), respectively, during the final weeks of the study while effluents from the negative control group averaged 17.9 +/- 0.4 mg l(-1). The barriers removed NO(3)(-) even when the water content was in the 20-40% pore filled space range. During the 12-week study the field-capacity barriers lost 5.6% of their organic content while those in the sub-field-capacity group lost no detectable organic matter indicating that the barriers contained sufficient substrate to last for several years. Vadose zone biobarriers could provide a useful means of protecting surface waters and aquifers from NO(3)(-).
C1 USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Hunter, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150-D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM william.hunter@ars.usda.gov
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0343-8651
J9 CURR MICROBIOL
JI Curr. Microbiol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 58
IS 6
BP 622
EP 627
DI 10.1007/s00284-009-9380-4
PG 6
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 458ND
UT WOS:000267029800015
PM 19280261
ER
PT J
AU Jeffries, T
Lindblad, P
AF Jeffries, Thomas
Lindblad, Peter
TI We march backwards into the future
SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Jeffries, Thomas] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Jeffries, Thomas] Inst Microbial & Biochem Technol, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Lindblad, Peter] Uppsala Univ, Dept Photochem & Mol Sci, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
RP Jeffries, T (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM peter.lindblad@fotomol.uu.se
RI Lindblad, Peter/D-1809-2009;
OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065
NR 4
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0958-1669
J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH
JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 20
IS 3
BP 255
EP 256
DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.06.004
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 477NM
UT WOS:000268525800001
PM 19560337
ER
PT J
AU Van Vleet, JH
Jeffries, TW
AF Van Vleet, J. H.
Jeffries, T. W.
TI Yeast metabolic engineering for hemicellulosic ethanol production
SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID RECOMBINANT SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NADP(+)-DEPENDENT XYLITOL
DEHYDROGENASE; XYLOSE ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION; PICHIA-STIPITIS; COENZYME
SPECIFICITY; HANSENULA-POLYMORPHA; CANDIDA-INTERMEDIA; BIOETHANOL
PRODUCTION; S. CEREVISIAE; REDUCTASE
AB Efficient fermentation of hemicellulosic sugars is critical for the bioconversion of lignocellulosics to ethanol. Efficient sugar uptake through the heterologous expression of yeast and fungal xylose/glucose transporters can improve fermentation if other metabolic steps are not rate limiting. Rectification of cofactor imbalances through heterologous expression of fungal xylose isomerase or modification of cofactor requirements in the yeast oxidoreductase pathway can reduce xylitol production while increasing ethanol yields, but these changes often occur at the expense of xylose utilization rates. Genetic engineering and evolutionary adaptation to increase glycolytic flux coupled with transcriptomic and proteomic studies have identified targets for further modification, as have genomic and metabolic engineering studies in native xylose fermenting yeasts.
C1 [Jeffries, T. W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
RP Jeffries, TW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM twjeffri@wisc.edu
RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012
OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065
NR 50
TC 117
Z9 117
U1 3
U2 50
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0958-1669
J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH
JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 20
IS 3
BP 300
EP 306
DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.06.001
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 477NM
UT WOS:000268525800008
PM 19545992
ER
PT J
AU Baxter, I
AF Baxter, Ivan
TI Ionomics: studying the social network of mineral nutrients
SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NATURAL VARIATION; PLANTS; IRON; ASSOCIATION;
HOMEOSTASIS; GROWTH; SYSTEM; RICE; CAX1
AB The accumulation of a given element is a complex process controlled by a network of gene products critical for uptake, binding, transportation, and sequestration. Many of these genes and physiological processes affect more than one element. Therefore, to understand how elements are regulated, it is necessary to measure as many of the elements contained in a cell, tissue, or organism (the ionome) as possible. The elements that share components of their network vary depending on the species and genotype of the plants that are studied and environment they are grown in. Several recent papers describe high-throughput elemental profiling studies of how the ionome responds to the environment or explores the genetics that control the ionome. When combined with new genotyping technologies, ionomics provides a rapid way to identify genes that control elemental accumulation in plants.
C1 [Baxter, Ivan] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Baxter, I (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO USA.
EM ibaxter@purdue.edu
RI Baxter, Ivan/A-1052-2009
OI Baxter, Ivan/0000-0001-6680-1722
FU National Institutes of Health; National Institute of General Medicine
[1101 GN4078536-O1A1]; National Science Foundation Arabidopsis 2010
Program [1013 0419695]; Plant Genome Research Program [DBI 0701119];
Indiana 21st Century Research and Technology Fund [912010479]
FX The author was supported by the National Institutes of Health, National
Institute of General Medicine (1101 GN4078536-O1A1), the National
Science Foundation Arabidopsis 2010 Program (1013 0419695) and Plant
Genome Research Program (DBI 0701119), and the Indiana 21st Century
Research and Technology Fund (912010479).
NR 27
TC 57
Z9 60
U1 3
U2 59
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 1369-5266
J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL
JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 12
IS 3
BP 381
EP 386
DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2009.05.002
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 469DF
UT WOS:000267875100018
PM 19481970
ER
PT J
AU Lauenroth, WK
Bradford, JB
AF Lauenroth, William K.
Bradford, John B.
TI Ecohydrology of dry regions of the United States: precipitation pulses
and intraseasonal drought
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE arid; semi-arid; event size; small events; Great Plains; intermountain
zone; precipitation regime
ID WATER-CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEMS; HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES; ACTIVE-ROLE;
EVAPORATION; RAINFALL; DYNAMICS; STRESS; STEPPE; PLANTS; FLUX
AB Distribution of precipitation event sizes and interval lengths between events are important characteristics of arid and semi-arid climates. Understanding their importance will contribute to our ability to understand ecosystem dynamics in these regions. Our objective Cor this Paper was to present a comprehensive analysis of the daily precipitation regimes of arid and semi-arid locations of the United States. We collected 30 years of daily precipitation and temperature data from 289 sites in the intermountain zone and 240 sites in the Great Plains for our analysis. The daily precipitation regimes at all sites were dominated by the smallest event sizes and the shortest intervals between events. Great Plains sites on average had more small events and more short interval, than sites in the intermountain zone. In both regions. small events and short intervals were significantly negatively correlated to all other sizes suggesting they were useful for characterizing precipitation regimes. Both the smallest precipitation events and the shortest intervals between precipitation events increased as mean annual temperature decreased. Small events were negatively, but short intervals were positively related to mean annual precipitation. Additional analysis of Great Plains data suggested both quantitative and qualitative differences between precipitation regimes in wet and dry climates. These differences are attributable in large part to the differences in the relationship between precipitation and the evaporative demand of the atmosphere between the semi-arid and sub-humid portions of the Great Plains. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.
C1 [Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
RP Lauenroth, WK (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM wlauenro@uwyo.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011
FU National Science Foudation [0217631]; National Science Foundation;
National Aeronautics and Space Administration [CARBON/04-0225-019]
FX We want to thank Joe Schroeder, Terry Birdsall, Chris Bennett, and Bob
Flynn for helping collect and analyse the data. WKL was funded by
National Science Foudation under Grant No. 0217631. Any opinions,
findings, I and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the National Science Foundation. JBB was supported by National
Aeronautics and Space Administration Carbon Cycle Science research grant
CARBON/04-0225-019.
NR 25
TC 23
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 27
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1936-0584
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 173
EP 181
DI 10.1002/eco.53
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 470IK
UT WOS:000267968200006
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, VJ
Beard, M
Zollner, PA
Fernandez-Juricic, E
Westphal, L
LeBlanc, CL
AF Bennett, Victoria J.
Beard, Matthew
Zollner, Patrick A.
Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban
Westphal, Lynne
LeBlanc, Cherie L.
TI Understanding wildlife responses to human disturbance through simulation
modelling: A management tool
SO ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Human disturbance; Individual-based model; Wildlife management;
Yellow-headed blackbird; Barbastelle bat
ID LONG-EARED BATS; RECREATIONAL DISTURBANCE; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES;
POPULATION CONSEQUENCES; SHOREBIRD MORTALITY; SPATIAL SIMULATION;
THERMAL ENERGETICS; ROOST SELECTION; PREDATION RISK; HABITAT LOSS
AB With conservation awareness and the demand for wildlife preservation increasing, ecotourism and outdoor recreational activities are becoming more popular. If such activities go unmanaged, the disruption to many species may have implications on their breeding success, survival and abundance and these, in turn, may have cascading ecosystem effects. By developing management strategies, through the application of simulation models, to simultaneously maintain recreational opportunities and sustain wildlife populations, these detrimental impacts can be minimised. Simulation of Disturbance Activities (SODA) is a spatially explicit individual-based model designed as a flexible and transferable practical tool to explore the effects of spatial and temporal patterns of anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife.
Two case studies were used to illustrate the capabilities of SODA, one explored the effect of potential park designs on a nesting population of yellow-headed blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) in Calumet, IL and the other investigated the influence of visitor frequency on the breeding success of barbastelle bats (Barbastella barbastellus) in the south west of England. For the yellow-headed blackbird, SODA revealed that pathways in close proximity to their main nesting and foraging habitat increased the level of disturbance experienced by the birds, although not to an extent that was detrimental to their breeding success. However, establishing paths beyond the zone of influence may ensure that the yellow-headed blackbird and other avian species continue to use the area in its entirety. In the second case study, SODA demonstrated that female barbastelle bats are significantly disturbed by the unrestricted movement of recreationists at their breeding colony site. However, SODA also revealed a lack of confidence in the critical energetic threshold value applied in the simulation. Subsequently, the overall effect of anthropogenic disturbance on the breeding success of this species could not be fully ascertained. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bennett, Victoria J.; Zollner, Patrick A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
[Beard, Matthew] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Biol Sci, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
[Westphal, Lynne; LeBlanc, Cherie L.] USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.
RP Bennett, VJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marsteller Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
EM vbennett@purdue.edu
RI Zollner, Patrick/A-8727-2010
OI Zollner, Patrick/0000-0001-8263-7029
NR 82
TC 24
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U1 7
U2 66
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1476-945X
J9 ECOL COMPLEX
JI Ecol. Complex.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 2
BP 113
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.ecocom.2008.08.002
PG 22
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 450QI
UT WOS:000266415500004
ER
PT J
AU Champlin, TB
Kilgo, JC
Moorman, CE
AF Champlin, Tracey B.
Kilgo, John C.
Moorman, Christopher E.
TI Food abundance does not determine bird use of early-successional habitat
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE arthropods; canopy gaps; early-successional habitat; food availability;
food reduction; foraging; forest birds; habitat use; South Carolina, USA
ID WARBLERS DENDROICA-CORONATA; REGENERATING CLEARCUTS; BOTTOMLAND FOREST;
FORAGING BEHAVIOR; DECIDUOUS FOREST; UNDERSTORY BIRDS; HOODED WARBLERS;
AVAILABILITY; COMPETITION; ECOLOGY
AB Few attempts have been made to experimentally address the extent to which temporal or spatial variation in food availability influences avian habitat use. We used an experimental approach to investigate whether bird use differed between treated (arthropods reduced through insecticide application) and control (untreated) forest canopy gaps within a bottomland hardwood forest in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina, USA. Gaps were two- to three-year-old group selection timber harvest openings of three sizes (0.13, 0.26, and 0.50 ha). Our study was conducted during four bird use periods (spring migration, breeding, post-breeding, and fall migration) in 2002 and 2003. Arthropods were reduced in treated gaps by 68% in 2002 and 73% in 2003. We used mist-netting captures and foraging attack rates to assess the influence of arthropod abundance on avian habitat use. Evidence that birds responded to arthropod abundance was limited and inconsistent. In 2002, we generally captured more birds in treated gaps of the smallest size (0.13 ha) and fewer birds in treated gaps of the larger sizes. In 2003, we recorded few differences in the number of captures in treated and control gaps. Foraging attack rates generally were lower in treated than in control gaps, indicating that birds were able to adapt to the reduced food availability and remain in treated gaps. We conclude that arthropod abundance was not a proximate factor controlling whether forest birds used our gaps. The abundance of food resources may not be as important in determining avian habitat selection as previous research has indicated, at least for passerines in temperate subtropical regions.
C1 [Kilgo, John C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA.
[Champlin, Tracey B.; Moorman, Christopher E.] N Carolina State Univ, Fisheries & Wildlife Sci Program, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Kilgo, JC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, POB 700, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA.
EM jkilgo@fs.fed.us
FU The U. S. Department of Energy; USDA Forest Service-Savannah River and
Southern Research Station [DE-AI09-00SR22188]
FX The U. S. Department of Energy provided funding for this study through
the USDA Forest Service-Savannah River and Southern Research Station
under Interagency Agreement DE-AI09-00SR22188. J. Blake, K. Hale, and E.
Olson provided logistical support, and C. Possee, J. Segar, and J.
Taylor assisted with installing and applying treatments. North Carolina
State University provided logistical and financial assistance. We
gratefully thank M. Gumpertz for statistical advice, and D. Levey and C.
Sorenson for reviewing the manuscript. Thanks to our field crew who
tolerated long, hot field days, many of them in Tyvec suits with extreme
humidity, mosquitoes, venomous snakes, and noisy equipment: D. Jones, S.
Junker, F. Spilker, and M. Olsen.
NR 47
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U1 3
U2 14
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 6
BP 1586
EP 1594
DI 10.1890/08-1190.1
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 454DR
UT WOS:000266662500019
PM 19569373
ER
PT J
AU Rittenhouse, TAG
Semlitsch, RD
Thompson, FR
AF Rittenhouse, Tracy A. G.
Semlitsch, Raymond D.
Thompson, Frank R., III
TI Survival costs associated with wood frog breeding migrations: effects of
timber harvest and drought
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE anuran; desiccation; drought; predation; radiotelemetry; Rana sylvatica;
timber harvest; wood frogs
ID OAK-HICKORY FOREST; RANA-SYLVATICA; HABITAT SELECTION; BUFFER ZONES;
AMPHIBIANS; PREDATION; MOVEMENT; MICROHABITATS; CONSERVATION;
SALAMANDERS
AB Migration presents a trade-off for individuals between the potential fitness benefits of reaching high-quality habitat vs. the potential costs of migration. Within an information-theoretic framework, we examined the costs of migration for adult wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) in response to timber harvest and annual weather conditions using Cox proportional-hazard estimates of survival. In 2004 prior to timber harvest, survival did not differ between the inside (0.75, SE = 0.078) and outside (0.73, SE = 0.235) of the circular timber harvest arrays (each 164 m radius). Following timber harvest, survival inside arrays in both 2005 and 2006 (0.22, SE = 0.065; 0.42, SE = 0.139) was lower than survival outside of the arrays and prior to harvest. Sources of mortality included predation in all years and desiccation in the drought year of 2005. The most-supported models for explaining both predation and desiccation risks reflected behaviors as opposed to timber harvest or weather conditions. Both predation and desiccation risks increased when frogs made frequent movements or were located near breeding ponds. Optimal behaviors for reducing predation and desiccation risks were the same before and after timber harvest; however, the survival consequences for not adopting these behaviors were more severe following harvest. Our results provide empirical evidence for (1) the ecological pressures that influence migratory behavior and (2) differential survival in relation to migratory behavior which reveals why frogs move relatively long distances away from breeding sites.
C1 [Rittenhouse, Tracy A. G.; Semlitsch, Raymond D.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Rittenhouse, TAG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 312 Birge Hall,430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM trittenhouse@wisc.edu
OI Semlitsch, Raymond/0000-0002-7999-5762
FU Trans World Airlines Scholarship; NSF [DEB 0239943]; University of
Missouri Animal Care [12220, 12563, 13052]
FX We thank T. Altnether and A. Sieg for assistance in the field, and G.
Raeker, J. Briggler, and the Missouri Department of Conservation. A.
Calhoun, C. Rittenhouse, J. Weaver, and B. Williams provided thoughtful
comments on the manuscript. Funding was provided by Trans World Airlines
Scholarship to T. A. G. Rittenhouse and NSF Grant DEB 0239943 to R. D.
Semlitsch. Frogs were tracked under Missouri Department of Conservation
Wildlife Collector's permits 12220, 12563, and 13052 and were maintained
under the University of Missouri Animal Care and Use Protocol 3368.
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U2 40
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 6
BP 1620
EP 1630
DI 10.1890/08-0326.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 454DR
UT WOS:000266662500022
PM 19569376
ER
PT J
AU Atwell, RC
Schulte, LA
Westphal, LM
AF Atwell, Ryan C.
Schulte, Lisa A.
Westphal, Lynne M.
TI Linking Resilience Theory and Diffusion of Innovations Theory to
Understand the Potential for Perennials in the US Corn Belt
SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive co-management; agriculture; Iowa; learning; nonpoint source
pollution; restoration; scale; social-ecological systems; row crops;
Corn Belt
ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
AB In the last 200 yr, more than 80% of the land in the U.S. Corn Belt agro-ecosystem has been converted from natural perennial vegetation to intensive agricultural production of row crops. Despite research showing how re-integration of perennial vegetation, e. g., cover crops, pasture, riparian buffers, and restored wetlands, at strategic landscape positions can bolster declining regional ecosystem functions, the amount of land area devoted to row crop production in the Corn Belt continues to increase. As this region enters a time of fast-paced and uncertain reorganization driven by the emerging bioeconomy, changes in land use will continue to take place that will impact the resilience of the Corn Belt's linked social and ecological systems for years to come. Both resilience theory and the diffusion of innovations theory investigate how change is brought about in systems through the adaptation and innovation of social actors. In this paper, we integrate these two frameworks in the analysis of 33 in-depth interviews to improve our understanding of how rural Corn Belt stakeholders make conservation decisions in the midst of an uncertain future. Interview data indicate that the adoption of conservation practices is based not only on immediate profitability but also on the interplay between contextual factors at three distinct levels of the system: compatibility with farm priorities, profitability, practices, and technologies; community-level reinforcement through local social networks, norms, and support structures; and consistent, straightforward, flexible, and well-targeted incentives and regulations issuing from regional institutions. Interviewees suggest that the multiscale drivers that currently support the continued expansion of row crop production could be realigned with conservation objectives in landscapes of the future. Adaptation of social actors through collaborative learning at the community level may be instrumental in brokering the sort of multiscale system change that would lead to more widespread adoption of perennial cover types in the Corn Belt.
C1 [Atwell, Ryan C.; Schulte, Lisa A.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Westphal, Lynne M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Atwell, RC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
FU Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture; USDA Sustainable Agriculture
Research and Education (SARE); U.S. Forest Service Northern Research
Station; Iowa State University's Department of Natural Resource Ecology
and Management
FX We thank our interviewees for their honesty and insight. We also thank
Terry Besser, Tricia Knoot, Kris Atwell, and two anonymous reviewers for
comments that improved earlier drafts of this manuscript. Megan Boyd,
Carrie Eberle, Luke Gran, Bonnie Jan, Anna MacDonald, and Krystina Smith
provided assistance with interview transcription and analysis. This
research is funded by the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture,
USDA Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE), the U.S.
Forest Service Northern Research Station, and Iowa State University's
Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management and Graduate
Program in Sustainable Agriculture.
NR 37
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U2 32
PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE
PI WOLFVILLE
PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA
SN 1708-3087
J9 ECOL SOC
JI Ecol. Soc.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 14
IS 1
AR 30
PG 17
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 468TY
UT WOS:000267846300021
ER
PT J
AU Bisson, PA
Dunham, JB
Reeves, GH
AF Bisson, Peter A.
Dunham, Jason B.
Reeves, Gordon H.
TI Freshwater Ecosystems and Resilience of Pacific Salmon: Habitat
Management Based on Natural Variability
SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pacific salmon; habitat restoration; watershed processes; natural
variation
ID HEADWATER STREAMS; CHINOOK SALMON; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; NORTHEASTERN
OREGON; NORTHWEST ESTUARIES; DISTURBANCE REGIMES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; WOOD
RECRUITMENT; COASTAL OREGON; CLIMATE-CHANGE
AB In spite of numerous habitat restoration programs in fresh waters with an aggregate annual funding of millions of dollars, many populations of Pacific salmon remain significantly imperiled. Habitat restoration strategies that address limited environmental attributes and partial salmon life-history requirements or approaches that attempt to force aquatic habitat to conform to idealized but ecologically unsustainable conditions may partly explain this lack of response. Natural watershed processes generate highly variable environmental conditions and population responses, i.e., multiple life histories, that are often not considered in restoration. Examples from several locations underscore the importance of natural variability to the resilience of Pacific salmon. The implication is that habitat restoration efforts will be more likely to foster salmon resilience if they consider processes that generate and maintain natural variability in fresh water. We identify three specific criteria for management based on natural variability: the capacity of aquatic habitat to recover from disturbance, a range of habitats distributed across stream networks through time sufficient to fulfill the requirements of diverse salmon life histories, and ecological connectivity. In light of these considerations, we discuss current threats to habitat resilience and describe how regulatory and restoration approaches can be modified to better incorporate natural variability.
C1 [Bisson, Peter A.; Reeves, Gordon H.] US Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Bisson, PA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV USA.
FU U. S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; U. S.
Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
FX We thank the U. S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and
the U. S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science
Center for support. Chris Jordan, Rebecca Flitcroft, and two anonymous
referees provided constructive suggestions on an earlier draft. Many of
our ideas grew out of discussions with colleagues, especially Bruce
Rieman, Lee Benda, Kelly Burnett, Steve Wondzell, Bob Bilby, Tom Quinn,
Bob Gresswell, Tim Beechie, George Pess, and Bob Naiman. Although we owe
much to these fine scientists, any errors in this paper are our own.
NR 94
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U1 4
U2 26
PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE
PI WOLFVILLE
PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA
SN 1708-3087
J9 ECOL SOC
JI Ecol. Soc.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 14
IS 1
AR 45
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 468TY
UT WOS:000267846300051
ER
PT J
AU Bauer, IE
Bhatti, JS
Swanston, C
Wieder, RK
Preston, CM
AF Bauer, Ilka E.
Bhatti, Jagtar S.
Swanston, Christopher
Wieder, R. Kelman
Preston, Caroline M.
TI Organic Matter Accumulation and Community Change at the Peatland-Upland
Interface: Inferences from C-14 and Pb-210 Dated Profiles
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE peatland margins; climate change; C accumulation; Pb-210; C-14;
bryophyte macrofossils
ID RADIOCARBON AGE CALIBRATION; NORTH-AMERICA NORTH; CAL KYR BP; BOREAL
FOREST; WESTERN CANADA; RAISED BOGS; CARBON; SPHAGNUM; SOIL; VEGETATION
AB Peatland-margin habitats with organic matter accumulation of 40-150 cm make up a significant but poorly quantified portion of Canada's boreal forest region. Spanning the transition between non-wetland forest and fen proper, these ecosystems represent a zone of complex environmental and vegetation change, yet little is known about their ecological function or development. We here use vegetation and macrofossil analysis, traditional C-14, bomb-spike C-14, and Pb-210 dating to investigate the development, organic matter accumulation, and recent vegetation history of peat margin communities at two sites in central Saskatchewan, Canada. Although similar in general shape, bomb-spike C-14 and Pb-210 chronologies show limited agreement in three of the four profiles examined, with Pb-210 generally producing younger ages than C-14. Peat initiation and long-term organic matter accumulation at the Old Black Spruce (OBS) transect were probably driven mainly by the dynamics of Sphagnum, whereas at the Sandhill Fen (SF) transect, they were controlled by water level fluctuations in the neighboring fen. Bryophyte macrofossils suggest a recent drying of the vegetation surface at both sites, most likely triggered by regional drought in the late 1950s and 1960s. At OBS, the shift from Sphagnum- to feather moss-dominated communities continued in the 1990s, possibly reflecting effects of direct disturbance on local drainage patterns. Overall, our results suggest that community composition and C dynamics of peat-margin swamps respond dynamically to climatic and hydrologic fluctuations. However, uncertainties regarding the reliability of different chronologies limit our ability to link observed community changes to specific causal events.
C1 [Bauer, Ilka E.; Bhatti, Jagtar S.] No Forestry Ctr, Nat Resources Canada, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada.
[Swanston, Christopher] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Wieder, R. Kelman] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
[Preston, Caroline M.] Forestry Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Nat Resources Canada, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada.
[Bauer, Ilka E.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Sir Wilfred Grenfell Coll, Corner Brook, NF A2H 6P9, Canada.
[Swanston, Christopher] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP Bauer, IE (reprint author), No Forestry Ctr, Nat Resources Canada, 5320 122 St, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada.
EM ibauer@swgc.mun.ca
FU Biological Sources and Sinks Programme
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Biological Sources and Sinks
Programme (AP 2000). We would like to thank Lana Laird, Lance Lazeruk,
and Ruth Errington for help with the collection and processing of
samples, and Gary Burton and his team at CFS for providing workshop
space and equipment for cutting our cores. Kimberli Scott did all
210Pb digestions and counting, Dave Beilman provided advice
on 14C sample pretreatments, and Paula Zermeno generously
helped with sample graphitization. Ron and Paula Reimer provided help
with CaliBomb at various stages of the process, and two anonymous
reviewers provided comments on a previous version of this manuscript.
NR 63
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U1 4
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
EI 1435-0629
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 12
IS 4
BP 636
EP 653
DI 10.1007/s10021-009-9248-2
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 451CN
UT WOS:000266448400009
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, GH
Butry, DT
AF Donovan, Geoffrey H.
Butry, David T.
TI The value of shade: Estimating the effect of urban trees on summertime
electricity use
SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban trees; Energy conservation; Economics; Shade; Carbon
ID ENERGY USE; SURFACES
AB We estimated the effect of shade trees on the summertime electricity use of 460 single-family homes in Sacramento, California. Results show that trees on the west and south sides of a house reduce summertime electricity use, whereas trees on the north side of a house increase summertime electricity use. The current level of tree cover on the west and south sides of houses in our sample reduced summertime electricity use by 185 kWh (5.2%), whereas north-side trees increased electricity use by 55 kWh (1.5%). Results also show that a London plane tree, planted on the west side of a house, can reduce carbon emissions from summertime electricity use by an average of 31% over 100 years. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Donovan, Geoffrey H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA.
[Butry, David T.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, 620 SW Main,Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205 USA.
EM gdonovan@fs.fed.us; david.butry@nist.gov
NR 10
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U1 1
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0378-7788
J9 ENERG BUILDINGS
JI Energy Build.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 41
IS 6
BP 662
EP 668
DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.01.002
PG 7
WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 445OL
UT WOS:000266060000009
ER
PT J
AU Tisserat, B
Berhow, M
AF Tisserat, Brent
Berhow, Mark
TI Production of Pharmaceuticals from Papaver Cultivars in Vitro
SO ENGINEERING IN LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Automation; Codeine; Iranian poppy; Morphine; Opium poppy; Papaver
bracteatum; P. somniferum; Reproduction; Shooting; Thebaine
ID OPIUM POPPY; TISSUE-CULTURE; ALKALOIDS; SOMNIFERUM; BRACTEATUM; CALLUS;
REGENERATION; THEBAINE; ALPININE; GROWTH
AB Iranian (Papaver bracteatum Lindl.) and opium poppy (P. somniferum L.) plantlets obtained from germinated seeds grown on a Murashige and Skoog basal medium (BM) readily manifest alkaloids. Temperature had a profound effect on growth and alkaloid production after 8 weeks in culture. Plantlets of poppy cultivars (cvs.) grew best at 18.5 and 20 degrees C compared to 15 or 25 degrees C. An alkaloid survey study with 24 Iranian and 21 opium poppy cvs. revealed that total morphinan alkaloids ranged from 0 to 6.55 mg/g dw. Prolific axillary branching was achieved from poppy cvs. by maintaining shoots on BM containing 1.0 mg/L N(6)-benzyladenine and 0.01 mg/L alpha-naphthalene acetic acid for an additional 16 weeks. The influence of vessel size on the growth response of established shoot clumps was determined by subculture in a variety of culture vessels for 8 weeks. The tested culture vessels included culture tubes (55 mm(3) capacity (cap.)), babyfood jars (143 mm(3) cap.), Magenta GA-7 containers (365 mm(3) cap.), and polycarbonate jars (1890 mm(3) cap.) employing an in vitro hydroponics system (i.e. an automated plant culture system (APCS)). Highest growth rates occurred employing the APCS. The culture vessel capacity had a significant positive correlation on shoot length, fresh weight, number of leaves, and number of shoots. Shoot length, fresh weight, leaves, and shoots grown in the APCS exhibited increases of 1-, 21.5-, 7.8-, and 8.3-fold, respectively, compared to shoots grown in culture tubes. Higher culture growth rates that occurred in the larger-size vessels were correlated with lower alkaloid production (mg alkaloids/g dw). However, the overall total alkaloids/vessel [(mg alkaloid/g dw) x g culture dw] increased because of greater biomass production per vessel. The alkaloid content was found to remain stable for shoots grown over a 6-month evaluation period.
C1 [Tisserat, Brent; Berhow, Mark] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res New Crops & Proc Techno, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Tisserat, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res New Crops & Proc Techno, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM Brent.Tisserat@ars.usda.gov
NR 29
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U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1618-0240
J9 ENG LIFE SCI
JI Eng. Life Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 9
IS 3
BP 190
EP 196
DI 10.1002/elsc.200800100
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 481NO
UT WOS:000268818500006
ER
PT J
AU Phoofolo, MW
Elliott, NC
Giles, KL
AF Phoofolo, Mpho W.
Elliott, Norman C.
Giles, Kristopher L.
TI Analysis of growth and development in the final instar of three species
of predatory Coccinellidae under varying prey availability
SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA
LA English
DT Article
DE growth trajectory; logistic function; critical weight; determinate
development; food deprivation; Coleomegilla maculata; Hippodamia
convergens; Harmonia axyridis; Coleoptera
ID BODY-SIZE; CRITICAL WEIGHT; METAMORPHOSIS; COLEOPTERA; HISTORY;
DETERMINANTS; RESPONSES; ANIMALS; INSECTS
AB For insects such as aphidophagous lady beetles, whose preferred food varies naturally in space and time, variation in adult body size is most likely a reflection of food acquired and allocated to growth by the final instar. We conducted a laboratory study to evaluate the nature of body size variation in Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer), Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), and Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville (all Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) by assessing how fourth instars respond developmentally to food deprivation. We also determined which growth functions best describe larval growth trajectories and evaluated whether these fourth instars regulate their growth based on initial body size. Access to food for a minimum of 1 day during the fourth stadium appeared to be a requirement for pupation in all three species. Putative critical weight for pupation falls within 10-14 mg for C. maculata, 13-16 mg for H. convergens, and 19-22 mg for H. axyridis, and development period after attaining the critical weight is not affected by food deprivation. The mixed-effect logistic function that accounted for individual and gender differences provided the best description of growth in the fourth instars of the three species. The reduced major axis regression revealed that growth in these lady beetles was convergent-regulated. The logistic growth trajectory, existence of critical weight, and determinate developmental response to food deprivation are traits that seem to suggest that fitness increase is attained by maximizing body size rather than survival in these beetles.
C1 [Phoofolo, Mpho W.; Giles, Kristopher L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Elliott, Norman C.] USDA ARS, SPA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA.
RP Phoofolo, MW (reprint author), 127 Noble Res Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM mpho.phoofolo@okstate.edu
FU Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station [OKLO2334, OKLO2455]; USDA-ARS
Areawide Pest Management Program [0500-00044-012-04S]
FX We thank Jack Dillwith and Tom Royer for their critical review of the
early version of this manuscript, and Mark Payton for statistical
assistance. We also thank two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions
greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. Robert Elliott
contributed technical assistance toward this research. This work was
approved for publication by the Director of the Oklahoma Agricultural
Experiment Station and supported in part under projects OKLO2334 and
OKLO2455, and the USDA-ARS Areawide Pest Management Program (Project
Number: 0500-00044-012-04S). Mention of trade names or commercial
products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific
information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S.
Department of Agriculture.
NR 37
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U1 2
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0013-8703
J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL
JI Entomol. Exp. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 3
BP 264
EP 277
DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00849.x
PG 14
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 447DT
UT WOS:000266172500005
ER
PT J
AU Vargas, RI
Pinero, JC
Mau, RFL
Stark, JD
Hertlein, M
Mafra-Neto, A
Coler, R
Getchell, A
AF Vargas, Roger I.
Pinero, Jaime C.
Mau, Ronald F. L.
Stark, John D.
Hertlein, Mark
Mafra-Neto, Agenor
Coler, Reginald
Getchell, Anna
TI Attraction and mortality of oriental fruit flies to SPLAT-MAT-methyl
eugenol with spinosad
SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA
LA English
DT Article
DE Bactrocera dorsalis; Min-U-Gel; male annihilation treatment; naled;
integrated pest management; Diptera; Tephritidae; specialized pheromone
and lure application technology
ID MALE ANNIHILATION; FLY DIPTERA; CUE-LURE; MELON FLIES; TEPHRITIDAE;
ERADICATION; HAWAII; FORMULATIONS; MALATHION; ISLANDS
AB Studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 in Hawaii, USA to quantify attraction and feeding responses resulting in mortality of the male oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), to a novel male annihilation treatment (MAT) formulation consisting of specialized pheromone and lure application technology (SPLAT) in combination with methyl eugenol (ME) and spinosad (=SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad) in comparison with Min-U-Gel-ME with naled (Dibrom). Our approach involved a novel behavioral methodology for evaluation of slow-acting reduced-risk insecticides. Methyl eugenol treatments were weathered for 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks in California, USA, and shipped to Hawaii for bioassays. In field tests involving bucket traps to attract and capture wild males, and in toxicity studies conducted in 1 m(3) cages using released males of controlled ages, SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad performed similar to or outperformed the standard formulation of Min-U-Gel-ME with naled for material aged for up to 8 weeks in the 2008 tests. In laboratory feeding tests in which individual males were exposed for 5 min to the different ME treatments, mortality induced by SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad recorded at 24 h did not differ from that caused by Min-U-Gel ME with naled at 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Spinosad has low contact toxicity, and when mixed with SPLAT offers a reduced-risk alternative for control of B. dorsalis, without many of the negative effects to humans and non-targets of broad-spectrum contact poisons such as naled. Our results indicate that SPLAT-MAT-ME with spinosad offers potential for control of males in an area-wide integrated pest management (IPM) system without the need for conventional organophosphates.
C1 [Vargas, Roger I.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Pinero, Jaime C.; Mau, Ronald F. L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA.
[Hertlein, Mark] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN USA.
[Mafra-Neto, Agenor; Coler, Reginald; Getchell, Anna] ISCA Technol, Riverside, CA USA.
RP Vargas, RI (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
EM roger.vargas@ars.usda.gov
FU IR-4; USDA-ARS AWPM
FX We thank Jonathan Carbone, Jill Grotkin, Neil Miller, Les Oride, Donna
Ota, and Ferol White (USDA-ARS, PBARC, Hilo, HI), Maria Diaz, Charles
Lee, and Evann Souza (USDA-ARS, PBARC, Waimea, HI), and Nicholle Konanui
(University of Hawaii at Manoa) for assistance in collecting the various
types of data. IR-4 and USDA-ARS AWPM funds were essential to planning
and completing this research. Finally, we thank Luc Leblanc, Rudolph
Putoa, Victoria Yokoyama, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an
earlier draft of this manuscript.
NR 27
TC 22
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0013-8703
EI 1570-7458
J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL
JI Entomol. Exp. Appl.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 131
IS 3
BP 286
EP 293
DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2009.00853.x
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 447DT
UT WOS:000266172500007
ER
PT J
AU Bergh, JC
Leskey, TC
Walgenbach, JF
Klingeman, WE
Kain, DP
Zhang, A
AF Bergh, J. C.
Leskey, T. C.
Walgenbach, J. F.
Klingeman, W. E.
Kain, D. P.
Zhang, A.
TI Dogwood Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Abundance and Seasonal Flight
Activity in Apple Orchards, Urban Landscapes, and Woodlands in Five
Eastern States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Synanthedon scitula; pheromone trapping; apple; ornamentals; forest
ID SYNANTHEDON-SCITULA LEPIDOPTERA; NEW-YORK; INFESTATION; ROOTSTOCKS;
PHEROMONE; TREES; TENNESSEE; HABITATS; BIOLOGY; TRAPS
AB The relative abundance and seasonal flight activity of dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula Harris (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), was measured using weekly records from traps baited with its sex pheromone and deployed in apple orchards, urban landscapes, and native woodland sites in New York, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee in 2005 and 2006. The mean total number of moths captured per site in apple orchards was 3,146 +/- 644 and 3095 +/- 584 SE in 2005 and 2006, respectively, exceeding captures at urban sites by 16 and 13 times and at woodland sites by 210 and 206 times in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Mean total captures at urban sites exceeded those in woodland habitats by 13 and 16 times in 2005 and 2006, respectively. The mean duration (wk) of the flight period did not differ significantly between apple orchards (22.6 +/- 0.6 SE) and urban sites (20.3 +/- 1.2 SE). The onset of flight was somewhat later in New York (around early June) than further south (around early to mid-May), but moth captures continued into October in all states. Captures in apple orchards and at urban sites with higher populations were essentially continuous throughout the flight period, with substantial weekly fluctuations, and tended to show a bimodal pattern with peaks from late May through mid-July and from late August through mid-September. Captures at woodland sites tended to occur predominantly from mid-May through about mid-June and were very sporadic thereafter.
C1 [Bergh, J. C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA.
[Leskey, T. C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Walgenbach, J. F.] N Carolina State Univ, Mt Hort Crops Res & Extens Ctr, Fletcher, NC 28732 USA.
[Klingeman, W. E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kain, D. P.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA.
[Zhang, A.] USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Bergh, JC (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA.
EM cbergh@vt.edu
FU USDA-CSREES Southern Region IPM [2005-34103-15592]
FX We thank J. Engelman, S. Wright, T. Hancock, S. Schoof, and J. Nie for
excellent technical assistance. This research was supported primarily by
Grant 2005-34103-15592 from the USDA-CSREES Southern Region IPM Grants
Program.
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 8
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 530
EP 538
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800004
PM 19508761
ER
PT J
AU Vogt, JT
Allen, ML
Wallet, B
Boykin, D
Smith, WA
AF Vogt, James T.
Allen, Margaret L.
Wallet, Bradley
Boykin, Debbie
Smith, Wayne A.
TI Distribution Patterns of Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on
a Sheep and Goat Farm in Oklahoma
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Solenopsis invicta; remote sensing; landscape ecology
ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; SPATIAL DYNAMICS; UNITED-STATES; POLYGYNE; RANGE;
MONOGYNE; MODEL; TEXAS; POPULATIONS; LOUISIANA
AB Imported fire ant colonies were quantified in 1,000-m(2) circular subplots spaced approximate to 125 m apart on a sheep and goat farm in Oklahoma. Social form (percent polygyny), mound density, cumulative above-ground mound volume, and average mound volume were subjected to multiple regression analyses to examine trends related to landscape metrics and habitat characteristics. Monogyne populations were spatially autocorrelated, and polygyne mounds tended to be smaller and more numerous. A model incorporating the effects of percent polygyny, canopy cover, and 1-d cumulative incident solar radiation explained 34% of the variation in mound density. Percent polygyny was not significantly related to cumulative mound volume, which provides a better estimate of overall ant biomass. A model incorporating the effects of 1-d cumulative incident solar radiation on the summer solstice, elevation, canopy cover, distance from cisterns, distance from water, and distance from trees explained 42% of the variation in cumulative mound volume. Monogyne mounds in areas that were flat and close to water in low-lying areas were largest. Results indicate that remotely sensed data in combination with publicly available U.S. Geological Survey data may be useful in predicting areas of high and low fire ant abundance at a field scale.
C1 [Vogt, James T.; Allen, Margaret L.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Wallet, Bradley] Automated Decis, Durham, NC 27713 USA.
[Boykin, Debbie] USDA ARS, Mid S Area, JWD SRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Smith, Wayne A.] Oklahoma Cooperat Extens Serv, Durant, OK 74702 USA.
RP Vogt, JT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, POB 67, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM jvogt@blackpest.com
OI Allen, Margaret/0000-0002-4758-1290
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 551
EP 560
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800006
PM 19508763
ER
PT J
AU Arbogast, RT
Torto, B
Willms, S
Teal, PEA
AF Arbogast, Richard T.
Torto, Baldwyn
Willms, Steve
Teal, Peter E. A.
TI Trophic Habits of Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae): Their
Adaptive Significance and Relevance to Dispersal
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE small hive beetle; diets; reproductive capacity; dispersal; phenotypic
plasticity
ID SMALL HIVE BEETLE; HONEYBEE APIS-MELLIFERA; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY;
BOMBUS-IMPATIENS; COLONIES; PARASITE; TRAP
AB Aethina tumida Murray is an African native that has become an important pest of honey bee colonies in North America and Australia. Adults and larvae feed on pollen, honey, and brood in bee hives. The beetle is also able to feed and reproduce on fresh or rotting fruit, but natural occurrence on this diet has rarely been observed. We compared the reproductive success-as measured by progeny production, weight of progeny, developmental rate, and survival of immature stages-of beetles reared on various diets of fruit and bee products. Reproduction on all of the diets was sufficient for population growth. Using baited flight traps to monitor the presence of A. tumida, we found persistent although tenuous populations in wooded habitats lacking managed bee colonies. On the basis of these findings and the habits of other nitidulid beetles, we propose that A. tumida is an ecological generalist able to maintain adequate levels of reproduction in marginal environments but able to reach high levels in favorable, resource rich environments, such as honey bee colonies. This hypothesis has significance for active dispersal and range expansion, because reproduction in the absence of bees would facilitate long range dispersal by flight through successive generations. Although our findings support the hypothesis, definitive proof would require association of beetles with hosts, trapping adults as they emerge from the soil, or other methods that would confirm feeding and reproduction at a given site, rather than immigration from bee colonies.
C1 [Arbogast, Richard T.; Willms, Steve; Teal, Peter E. A.] USDA ARS, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
[Torto, Baldwyn] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya.
RP Arbogast, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, CMAVE, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
EM terry.arbogast@ars.usda.gov
FU Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pests Diagnostics Center
FX We thank C. Murphy for outstanding contributions to the success of this
project, both in the laboratory and in the field; A. Cline (California
Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pests Diagnostics Center,
Sacramento, CA) for his interest and for providing information on
Nitidulidae; N. Benda (ARS-USDA, Gainesville, FL) for samples of A.
tumida adults collected from bee hives; L. de Guzman (ARS-USDA, Baton
Rouge, LA) for sharing observations of A. tumida in compost; and the
following personnel of the Florida Department of Agriculture and
Consumer Services, DPI, Gainesville, FL, for their interest and
assistance: M. Thomas and P. Skelley identified nitidulid specimens, T.
Dowda provided locations of managed honey bee colonies, and J. Hayes
furnished information on feral honey bees. We also thank J. Ellis
(Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida), A.
Cline, N. Benda, and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing the
manuscript; their insightful comments and suggestions are sincerely
appreciated. Finally, we thank F. Towers and R. G. Thomas (La Crosse,
FL) for cooperation in providing sites for our field studies.
NR 31
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 9
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 561
EP 568
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800007
PM 19508764
ER
PT J
AU Trotter, RT
Shields, KS
AF Trotter, R. Talbot, III
Shields, Kathleen S.
TI Variation in Winter Survival of the Invasive Hemlock Woolly Adelgid
(Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Across the Eastern United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE invasive species; climate; landscape; Adelges tsugae; hemlock
ID SOUTHERN NEW-ENGLAND; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; TSUGAE HOMOPTERA;
NORTH-AMERICA; GYPSY-MOTH; CANADENSIS; FORESTS; DECLINE; ARRIVAL; MODEL
AB The hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) is a small, aphid-like insect native to East Asia and western North America. First documented in the eastern United States in Richmond, VA, in 1951, it has spread to at least 17 states, where it causes increased mortality among both eastern and Carolina hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis Carriere and T. caroliniana Engelmann., respectively). Previous work has suggested low temperatures may limit northward spread of the adelgid. Using recent surveys of A. tsugae mortality across the infested latitudinal gradient of the eastern United States, we show there is a significant positive relationship between minimum winter temperatures and winter survival at the landscape scale. The strength and nature of this relationship, however, varies through time, with absolute minimum winter temperatures explaining almost one half of the tree-level variance in survival in the spring of 2004 but only 9% in 2003. Post hoc analyses of the data suggest the explanatory power of temperature can be improved in ongoing studies by examining seasonal temperature profiles. Previous studies have also suggested adelgid survival may be density dependent, and although these data support this observation, contemporary density is a poor predictor of adelgid survival at the landscape scale. Using landscape estimates of minimum winter temperature, we show two simple methods of estimating landscape-scale adelgid survival rates. Both methods suggest much of the range of T canadensis in the eastern United States, and the entire range of T. caroliniana falls in areas where winter temperatures will not impose critical limits on A. tsugae populations.
C1 [Trotter, R. Talbot, III; Shields, Kathleen S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA.
RP Trotter, RT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 51 Mill Pond Rd, Hamden, CT 06514 USA.
EM rttrotter@fs.fed.us
NR 56
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 23
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 577
EP 587
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800009
PM 19508766
ER
PT J
AU Geden, CJ
Moon, RD
AF Geden, Christopher J.
Moon, Roger D.
TI Host Ranges of Gregarious Muscoid Fly Parasitoids: Muscidifurax
raptorellus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Tachinaephagus zealandicus
(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Trichopria nigra (Hymenoptera:
Diapriidae)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Muscidifurax raptorellus; Tachinaephagus zealandicus; Trichopria nigra;
house fly; stable fly
ID STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS DIPTERA; HOUSE-FLIES DIPTERA; SPALANGIA-CAMERONI
HYMENOPTERA; CONFINED BEEF-CATTLE; POULTRY HOUSES; VARIABLE
TEMPERATURES; INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PROGENY
PRODUCTION; DOMESTICA DIPTERA
AB Attack rates, progeny production, sex ratios, and host utilization efficiency of Muscidifurax raptorellus (Kogan and Legner) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Tachinaephagus zealandicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Trichopria nigra (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) were evaluated in laboratory bioassays with five dipteran hosts: house fly (Musca domestica L.), stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans L.), horn fly (Hematobia irritans L.), black dump fly [Hydrotaea aenescens (Weidemann)] (Diptera: Muscidae), and a flesh fly (Sarcophaga bullata Parker) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). M. raptorellus killed and successfully parasitized all five host species and produced an average 2.6 parasitoid progeny from each host. Host attack rates were highest on stable fly and lowest on horn fly; there were no differences among hosts in the total number of progeny produced. T zealandicus killed larvae of all fly host species in similar numbers, but parasitism was most successful on H. aenescens. and S. bullata and least Successful on horn fly and house fly hosts. Significantly more parasitoid progeny emerged from S. bullata (10.2 parasitoids per host) than the other hosts; only 2.5 progeny were produced from parasitized horn fly hosts. Most of the killed puparia that produced neither adult flies nor parasitoids ("duds") contained dead parasitoids; in house fly, stable fly, and horn fly hosts, >30% of these dudded pupae contained adult wasps that failed to eclose. T. nigra successfully parasitized pupae of all host species except house fly and was most successful on stable fly. Significantly more parasitoid progeny emerged from S. bullata (30.6 parasitoids per host) than the other hosts; only 5.7 progeny were produced from horn fly hosts.
C1 [Geden, Christopher J.; Moon, Roger D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA.
RP Geden, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, POB 14565, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA.
EM chris.geden@ars.usda.gov
NR 52
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 7
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 700
EP 707
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800021
PM 19508778
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, LL
Nechols, JR
Margolies, DC
Campbell, JF
Yang, PS
Chen, CC
Lu, CT
AF Cheng, Ling Lan
Nechols, James R.
Margolies, David C.
Campbell, James F.
Yang, Ping Shih
Chen, Chien Chung
Lu, Chiu Tung
TI Foraging on and Consumption of Two Species of Papaya Pest Mites,
Tetranychus kanzawai and Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae), by
Mallada basalis (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE phytophagous mites; predator-prey interaction; feeding behavior;
predatory potential; biological control
ID FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE; CHRYSOPERLA-RUFILABRIS; HANDLING TIME; PREY;
HETEROPTERA; RESISTANCE; SELECTION; LARVAE; DIETS; SIZE
AB Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida and Panonychus citri (McGregor) are two major acari tie pests of the principal papaya variety in Taiwan, and they often co-occur in the same papaya screen-houses. This study measured prey acceptability, foraging schedule, short-term consumption rate, and handling time of larvae of a domesticated line of the green lacewing, Mallada basalis (Walker), in no-choice tests with different life stages of these two mite pests. After a period of prey deprivation, all three larval instars of M. basalis exhibited a high rate of acceptance of all life stages of both T kanzawai and P. citri. In 2-h trials, second- and third-instar predators foraged actively most of the time, whereas first instars spent approximate to 40% of the time at rest. Consumption increased and prey handling time decreased as predator life stage advanced and prey stage decreased. Third-instar lacewings consumed an average of 311.4 T kanzawai eggs (handling time: 6.7 s/egg) and 68.2 adults (handling time: 58.8 s/adult), whereas first instars consumed 19.6 eggs (handling time: 23.6 s/egg) and 4.0 adults (handling time: 633.4 s/adult). M. basalis generally consumed more P. citri than T kanzawai. Except for prey eggs, handling times of T kanzawai were generally longer than those of P. citri by all M. basalis instars. Handling times were shorter, and consumption were greater, at the higher R citri density than at the lower one, whereas there were generally no significant differences in prey acceptability and foraging time between those two densities. This study suggests that M. basalis larvae may have high potential for augmentative biological control of mites on papayas.
C1 [Cheng, Ling Lan] Taiwan Agr Res Inst, Div Appl Zool, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
[Cheng, Ling Lan; Nechols, James R.; Margolies, David C.; Campbell, James F.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Campbell, James F.] USDA ARS, GMPRC, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
[Yang, Ping Shih] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Entomol, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Chen, Chien Chung; Lu, Chiu Tung] Taiwan Agr Res Inst, Div Appl Zool, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
RP Cheng, LL (reprint author), Taiwan Agr Res Inst, Div Appl Zool, 189 Chung Cheng Rd, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
EM lcheng@wufeng.tari.gov.tw
RI Campbell, James/J-9901-2012
FU Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University
[09-005-J]; Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan
FX We thank P. I. Nelson for assistance in statistical analyses; S. L. Liu
and G. Y. Liu for maintaining the insects, mites, and plants in the
laboratory; and R. F. Hou, J. Lord, W. J. Wu, and two anonymous
reviewers for critically reviewing the manuscript. Voucher specimens
(2008-1-1) were deposited in the Insect and Mite Museum, Division of
Applied Zoology, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute. This is
Contribution 09-005-J of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station,
Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS. This Study was supported by
research grants from Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan.
NR 50
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 715
EP 722
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800023
PM 19508780
ER
PT J
AU Pureswaran, DS
Poland, TM
AF Pureswaran, Deepa S.
Poland, Therese M.
TI Host Selection and Feeding Preference of Agrilus planipennis
(Coleoptera: Buprestidae) on Ash (Fraxinus spp.)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE native versus exotic hosts; olfactory cues; host volatiles
ID NORTH-AMERICAN; BORER; SPECIALIZATION; MONOTERPENES; MANDSHURICA;
ATTRACTION; SCOLYTIDAE; VOLATILES; RESPONSES
AB We studied the host selection behavior and feeding preference of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). A. planipennis is an exotic forest insect pest native to Asia that was discovered in North America in 2002 and is causing widespread mortality of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in southeast Michigan and surrounding states. We compared host selection and feeding behavior on different species of ash including Manchurian ash (F. mandshurica Rupr.), green ash (F. pennsylvanica Marsh), white ash (F. americana L.), black ash (F nigra Marsh), blue ash (F. quadrangulata Michx.), and European ash (F. excelsior L). Manchurian ash is native to Asia, whereas the other species (native to North America or Europe) represent novel hosts fork planipennis. Beetles distributed themselves more frequently and fed to a greater extent on green, black, and white ash compared with blue, European, and Manchurian ash. Although beetles consumed every ash species offered to them, Manchurian ash and blue ash were least preferred in feeding bioassays. When we analyzed the volatile content of intact and girdled ash for quantitative variation in 11 compounds that elicited antennal activity, we found that the overall volatile profiles of the six ash species differed significantly in their relative amounts of antennally active compounds. Green ash has lower relative amounts of volatiles compared with Manchurian ash, which might render it more attractive and less resistant to A. planipennis. Lower tolerance and resistance of green ash might make it more susceptible to mortality compared with Manchurian ash, which coevolved with the beetle in its native range. Repellent odors, potential antifeedants, and genes for resistance in Manchurian ash could be explored for methods to manage A. planipennis populations.
C1 [Pureswaran, Deepa S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Poland, Therese M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
RP Pureswaran, DS (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forestry Serv, Atlantic Forestry Ctr, POB 4000,Regent St, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada.
EM dpureswa@nrcan.gc.ca
FU USDA Forest Service; Canadian Food Inspection Agency
FX We thank L. Buchan, E. Clark, K. Fondren, D. Miller, J. Miller, T.
Petrice, and T. Kohn for technical assistance, C. Grant for CC analysis
and editorial comments, S. Heard and D. Quiring for comments on an early
draft, and two anonymous reviewers for Suggestions to improve the
manuscript. Financial support was provided by the USDA Forest Service
Special Technology Development Program to T.M.P. and an NSERC Visiting
Fellowship to D.S.P. from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
NR 31
TC 30
Z9 35
U1 4
U2 34
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 757
EP 765
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800028
PM 19508785
ER
PT J
AU Esquivel, JF
Esquivel, SV
AF Esquivel, J. F.
Esquivel, S. V.
TI Identification of Cotton Fleahopper (Hemiptera: Miridae) Host Plants in
Central Texas and Compendium of Reported Hosts in the United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cotton fleahopper; host plant; cotton pest
ID FLEA-HOPPER; PSEUDATOMOSCELIS-SERIATUS; SPRING EMERGENCE;
LYGUS-LINEOLARIS; PSALLUS-SERIATUS; HETEROPTERA; MISSISSIPPI; PHENOLOGY;
DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL
AB The cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), is an early-season pest of developing cotton in Central Texas and other regions of the Cotton Belt. Cotton fleahopper populations develop on spring weed hosts and move to cotton as weed hosts senesce or if other weed hosts are not readily available. To identify weed hosts that were seasonably available for the cotton fleahopper in Central Texas, blooming weed species were sampled during early-season (17 March-31 May), mid-season (1 June-14 August), late-season (15 August-30 November), and overwintering (I December-16 March) periods. The leading hosts for cotton fleahopper adults and nymphs were evening primrose (Oenothera speciosa T. Nuttall) and Mexican hat [Ratibida columnifera (T. Nuttall) E. Wooton and P. Standley], respectively, during the early season. During the mid-season, silver-leaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium A. Cavanilles) was consistently a host for fleahopper nymphs and adults. Woolly croton (Croton capitatus A. Michaux) was a leading host during the late season. Cotton fleahoppers were not collected during the overwintering period. Other suitable hosts were available before previously reported leading hosts became available. Eight previously unreported weed species were documented as temporary hosts. A compendium of reported hosts, which includes >160 plant species representing 35 families, for the cotton fleahopper is provided for future research addressing insect-host plant associations. Leading plant families were Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Onagraceae. Results presented here indicate a strong argument for assessing weed species diversity and abundance for the control of the cotton fleahopper in the Cotton Belt.
C1 [Esquivel, J. F.; Esquivel, S. V.] USDA ARS, SPARC, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Esquivel, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPARC, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
EM jesus.Esquivel@ars.usda.gov
NR 52
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 5
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 766
EP 780
PG 15
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800029
PM 19508786
ER
PT J
AU Brown, RL
Landolt, PJ
Horton, DR
Zack, RS
AF Brown, Robert L.
Landolt, Peter J.
Horton, David R.
Zack, Richard S.
TI Attraction of Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) to Female
Psylla in Pear Orchards
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cacopsylla pyricola; pear psylla; diel periodicity; sex attraction
ID CALIFORNIA VINEYARDS; SEX-PHEROMONE; HOMOPTERA; PSEUDOCOCCIDAE;
DIAPAUSE; SHOOTS
AB The pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Forster), is a major economic pest of pears in North America and Europe. Laboratory studies have shown that males of both the summerform and winterform morphotypes in this species are attracted to volatiles given off by females. This study tested whether attraction by males to females can be shown in the field. We showed that males had a clear preference for sticky traps that bad been baited with live females compared with traps baited with live males or traps that were left unbaited. Female C pyricola did not exhibit a preference among the three types of trap treatments. These results were obtained for both morphotypes. Trap catch was also monitored at 2-h intervals to assess whether capture of males on female-baited traps varied with time of day. Summerform male C. pyricola were caught in highest numbers between 1445 and 1645 hours, whereas winterform males were most often captured between 1300 and 1700 hours on traps baited with females. In both trials, there was again a significant preference by males for the female-baited traps compared with unbaited traps. Long-term practical benefits of the methods developed here provide a platform for the development of more effective monitoring tools, use in mating disruption, or development of lure and kill technologies.
C1 [Brown, Robert L.; Zack, Richard S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Landolt, Peter J.; Horton, David R.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Brown, RL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM bob3brown@yahoo.com
RI Brown, Robert L/E-7814-2011
OI Brown, Robert L/0000-0002-2294-5721
FU ARS [5352-22000-017-115]; Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission
FX We thank C. Guedot, D. Broers, M. Bayer, and L. Tom for help in setting
up traps; R. Wilcox and S. Leach for allowing the use of their orchards;
and V. Soroker and T. Unruh for reviewing this paper. This work was
supported in part by Specific Cooperative Agreement ARS
5352-22000-017-115 and the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission.
NR 26
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ANNAPOLIS
PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA
SN 0046-225X
EI 1938-2936
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 815
EP 822
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800035
PM 19508792
ER
PT J
AU Leskey, TC
Wright, SE
Anger, W
Chouinard, G
Cormier, D
Pichette, A
Zhan, AJ
AF Leskey, Tracy C.
Wright, Starker E.
Anger, William
Chouinard, Gerald
Cormier, Daniel
Pichette, Andre
Zhan, Aijun
TI Electroantennogram Technique for Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE electroantennogram; weevil; gas chromatographic-electroantennographic
detection; pheromone; attractant
ID ADULT PLUM CURCULIOS; BAITED TRAP TREES; STRAWBERRY BLOSSOM WEEVIL;
AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES; ANTHONOMUS-RUBI;
LEAF VOLATILES; APPLE ORCHARDS; MID-ATLANTIC; ODOR
AB Reliable electroantennogram (EAG) responses were obtained from the plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), by using a whole body Mount with glass electrodes filled with KCl-saturated AgCl solution that penetrated the antennal club (recording electrode) and the membrane attached to the cervical sclerite between the thorax and the head (indifferent electrode). Known attractive odor sources including extracts of headspace collections of 'Stanley' plum and 'Empire' apple tissues and a synthetic source of racemic grandisoic acid were used to verify the sensitivity of the technique. The amplitude of responses was significantly greater for females than males among all candidate stimuli evaluated. The recorded amplitudes for all odor stimuli evaluated were significantly greater than the methylene chloride solvent control. The development of this EAG technique will facilitate use of a coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection system to aid in detection of novel, biologically and behaviorally active volatile sources that can be subsequently evaluated in behavioral trials and ultimately lead to more powerful attractants for use in monitoring and management programs for plum curculios in commercial fruit orchards.
C1 [Leskey, Tracy C.; Wright, Starker E.; Anger, William] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Chouinard, Gerald; Cormier, Daniel] IRDA, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7B8, Canada.
[Pichette, Andre] Univ Quebec, Chicoutimi, PQ G7H 2B1, Canada.
[Zhan, Aijun] USDA ARS, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Leskey, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 14
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0046-225X
J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL
JI Environ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 38
IS 3
BP 870
EP 878
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 454BE
UT WOS:000266655800041
PM 19508798
ER
PT J
AU Paveglio, TB
Jakes, PJ
Carroll, MS
Williams, DR
AF Paveglio, Travis B.
Jakes, Pamela J.
Carroll, Matthew S.
Williams, Daniel R.
TI Understanding Social Complexity Within the Wildland-Urban Interface: A
New Species of Human Habitation?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Wildland urban interface; Community; Wildland fire; Adaptive capacity;
Social diversity; Hazards
ID UNITED-STATES; FIRE RISK; COMMUNITIES; PLACE; MANAGEMENT; LESSONS; WEST
AB The lack of knowledge regarding social diversity in the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) or an in-depth understanding of the ways people living there interact to address common problems is concerning, perhaps even dangerous, given that community action is necessary for successful wildland fire preparedness and natural resource management activities. In this article, we lay out the knowledge and preliminary case study evidence needed to begin systematically documenting the differing levels and types of adaptive capacity WUI communities have for addressing collective problems such as wildland fire hazard. In order to achieve this end, we draw from two theoretical perspectives encompassing humans' interactions with their environment, including (1) Kenneth Wilkinson's interactional approach to community, (2) and certain elements of place literature. We also present case study research on wildfire protection planning in two drastically different California communities to illustrate how social diversity influences adaptive capacity to deal with hazards such as wildland fire. These perspectives promote an image of the WUI not as a monolithic entity but a complex mosaic of communities with different needs and existing capacities for wildland fire and natural resource management.
C1 [Paveglio, Travis B.; Carroll, Matthew S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Jakes, Pamela J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Williams, Daniel R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Paveglio, TB (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM travispaveglio@wsu.edu
RI Williams, Daniel/D-8114-2011
OI Williams, Daniel/0000-0003-2428-0345
FU Joint Fire Science Program; Northern Research Station and Rocky Mountain
Research Station, Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture
FX This research was supported in part by funds provided by the Joint Fire
Science Program and the Northern Research Station and Rocky Mountain
Research Station, Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture.
NR 52
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 43
IS 6
BP 1085
EP 1095
DI 10.1007/s00267-009-9282-z
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 458NG
UT WOS:000267030200012
PM 19238478
ER
PT J
AU Ding, SL
Mehrabi, R
Koten, C
Kang, ZS
Wei, YD
Seong, KY
Kistler, HC
Xu, JR
AF Ding, Shengli
Mehrabi, Rahim
Koten, Cornelia
Kang, Zhensheng
Wei, Yangdou
Seong, Kyeyong
Kistler, H. Corby
Xu, Jin-Rong
TI Transducin Beta-Like Gene FTL1 Is Essential for Pathogenesis in Fusarium
graminearum
SO EUKARYOTIC CELL
LA English
DT Article
ID GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; COREPRESSOR COMPLEX; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; BIOSYNTHETIC
GENE; WHEAT SPIKES; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CELLULAR-LOCALIZATION;
REDUCED VIRULENCE; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; FEMALE FERTILITY
AB Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum is an important disease of wheat and barley. In a previous study, we identified several mutants with reduced virulence by insertional mutagenesis. A transducin beta-like gene named FTL1 was disrupted in one of these nonpathogenic mutants. FTL1 is homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae SIF2, which is a component of the Set3 complex involved in late stages of ascospore formation. The Delta ftl1 mutant was significantly reduced in conidiation and failed to cause typical disease symptoms. It failed to colonize the vascular tissues of rachis or cause necrosis on the rachis of inoculated wheat heads. The Delta ftl1 mutant also was defective in spreading from infected anthers to ovaries and more sensitive than the wild type to plant defensins MsDef1 and osmotin. However, the activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinases, Mgv1 and Gpmk1, production of deoxynivalenol, and expression of genes known to be important for plant infection in F. graminearum were not affected, indicating that the defect of the Delta ftl1 mutant in plant infection is unrelated to known virulence factors in this pathogen and may involve novel mechanisms. The Delta ftl1 deletion mutant was significantly reduced in histone deacetylation, and many members of the yeast Set3 complex are conserved in F. graminearum. FTL1 appears to be a component of this well-conserved protein complex that plays a critical role in the penetration and colonization of wheat tissues.
C1 [Ding, Shengli; Mehrabi, Rahim; Koten, Cornelia; Xu, Jin-Rong] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Kang, Zhensheng; Xu, Jin-Rong] NW A&F Univ, Biotech Ctr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Kang, Zhensheng; Xu, Jin-Rong] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Wei, Yangdou] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
[Seong, Kyeyong; Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Xu, JR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 915 W State St,Lilly Hall, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM jinrong@purdue.edu
RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008; Mehrabi, Rahim/S-1800-2016
OI Mehrabi, Rahim/0000-0002-5098-9123
FU National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES [200335319-13829,
2007-35319-102681]
FX This work was supported by a grant from the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab
Initiative to H. C. K. and J.-R. X. and grants to J.- R. X. from the
National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES (numbers 200335319-13829
and 2007-35319-102681).
NR 59
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1535-9778
J9 EUKARYOT CELL
JI Eukaryot. Cell
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 6
BP 867
EP 876
DI 10.1128/EC.00048-09
PG 10
WC Microbiology; Mycology
SC Microbiology; Mycology
GA 453VD
UT WOS:000266640100007
PM 19377037
ER
PT J
AU Pang, MX
Percy, RG
Hughs, E
Zhang, JF
AF Pang, Mingxiong
Percy, R. G.
Hughs, Ed.
Zhang, Jinfa
TI Promoter anchored amplified polymorphism based on random amplified
polymorphic DNA (PAAP-RAPD) in cotton
SO EUPHYTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cotton; Molecular markers; Promoter anchored amplified polymorphism
(PAAP)
ID REGULATORY ELEMENTS; ARBITRARY PRIMERS; DATABASE; REPRODUCIBILITY;
GENOMES; MARKERS; AFLP; PCR; MAP
AB Non-coding sequences account for a majority of the higher plant genome, some of which have important effects in gene regulation and plant development. In an effort to develop molecular marker systems to search for polymorphisms associated with high fiber yield and quality in cotton, we have developed a methodology that could specifically target the regulatory regions of the cotton genome. In this study we designed 10-nucleotide degenerate promoter primers based on conserved core promoter sequences and tested their applicability in PCR amplifications in combination with 10-mer random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. The amplified markers are called promoter anchored amplified polymorphism based on RAPD (PAAP-RAPD). Forty cotton genotypes with diverse genetic and geographical backgrounds were used to test the PAAP-RAPD system using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Based on PAAP-RAPD markers amplified from 12 primer combinations, the 40 genotypes were classified into five distinctive groups: two Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) groups from China, another two Upland cotton groups from the USA, and one group from American Pima cotton (G. barbadense). The groupings are in general consistent with their genetic and geographical origins. Thirty-six PAAP-RAPD and RAPD fragments were cloned and four of them were further subjected to sequence analysis. Signal scanning using software PLACE confirmed that they contained an array of cis-regulatory sequences in addition to the core promoter sequences. The results demonstrate the potential application of PAAP-RAPD as a new marker system specifically targeting regulatory regions of the plant genome.
C1 [Pang, Mingxiong; Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Percy, R. G.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Hughs, Ed.] ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA.
RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM jinzhang@nmsu.edu
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-2336
J9 EUPHYTICA
JI Euphytica
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 167
IS 3
BP 281
EP 291
DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9850-y
PG 11
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 441RO
UT WOS:000265788400002
ER
PT J
AU Bechere, E
Auld, DL
Hequet, E
AF Bechere, Efrem
Auld, D. L.
Hequet, E.
TI Development of 'naked-tufted' seed coat mutants for potential use in
cotton production
SO EUPHYTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Ethyl methane sulfonate; Fiber quality; Mutagenesis; Naked seeds
ID UPLAND COTTON; REGISTRATION; LOCI
AB Use of chemical mutagenesis has been highly successful in most major crops. The objective of this research was to develop 'naked-tufted' seed mutants and to incorporate this genetic trait into cotton to enhance crop quality and reduce processing costs. In 1997, six commercial cultivars were treated with 2.45% v/v ethyl methane sulfonate. In 1999, three M(3) plants were identified that had partially naked seed coats. The trait was stabilized through individual plant selections from 2000 to 2004. During 2005 and 2006, the homozygous naked-tufted M(8) mutant lines were evaluated for lint yield, lint percent, fibers/seed, fibers/mm(2), fiber quality, seed oil content, ginning efficiency and yarn spinning performance. Overall, the naked-tufted seed mutants had lower lint yield, lower fibers/seed, lower lint/seed, and lower fibers/mm(2) when compared with their original fuzzy parents. The lint turnout from the mutants was similar to the fuzzy parents and the commercial cultivars. The naked-tufted seed mutants had higher seed oil percent, 6-17% lower short fiber contents, significantly reduced seed coat neps (37-42%), higher elongation and yarn tenacity than their fuzzy counterparts. Preliminary data also showed that the naked-tufted mutants required less energy to gin.
C1 [Bechere, Efrem] ARS, USDA, CG & PRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Auld, D. L.; Hequet, E.] Texas Tech Univ, Plant & Soil Sci Deptartment, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA.
RP Bechere, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CG & PRU, POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM efrem.bechere@ars.usda.gov
RI Hequet, Eric/A-9802-2008
FU Cotton Incorporated; International Cotton Research Center at Texas Tech
University
FX We would like to thank Cotton Incorporated and the International Cotton
Research Center at Texas Tech University for their financial support in
carrying out this research. This research was carried out at Texas Tech
University where the senior author was working as a cotton breeder.
NR 15
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-2336
J9 EUPHYTICA
JI Euphytica
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 167
IS 3
BP 333
EP 339
DI 10.1007/s10681-009-9890-y
PG 7
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 441RO
UT WOS:000265788400007
ER
PT J
AU Wu, JX
Jenkins, JN
McCarty, JC
Thaxton, P
AF Wu, Jixiang
Jenkins, Johnie N.
McCarty, Jack C.
Thaxton, Peggy
TI Seed trait evaluation of Gossypium barbadense L. chromosomes/arms in a
G-hirsutum L. background
SO EUPHYTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Chromosome substitution line; Cotton; Seed traits; Chromosome
associations
ID UPLAND COTTON CULTIVARS; SUBSTITUTION LINES; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; QUALITY
TRAITS; OIL; FIBER; TOPCROSSES; YIELD
AB Investigation of cotton nutritional components is important because its seeds provide a useful nutritional profile and can possibly serve as a biofuel resource. In this study, five cultivars, 13 cotton chromosome substitution (CS-B) lines, their donor parent, '3-79', and their recurrent parent, 'TM-1', were evaluated for seed traits over four environments. A mixed linear model approach with the jackknife method was employed to estimate variance components and to predict genotypic effects for each seed trait. Genotypic effects were more important than genotype by environment interaction for all seed traits. Chromosome associations with these seed traits were detected using the comparative method by comparing the differences between each CS-B line and TM-1. For example, chromosome 4 of 3-79 in TM-1 background was associated with reduced seed index (SI), embryo percentage, protein percentage while associated with increased seed oil percentage and seed fiber percentage. Other chromosome associations with these seed traits were also observed in this study. SI was highly correlated with three seed index traits: seed protein index, seed oil index (OI), and seed fiber index. Lint percentage, boll number, and lint yield were positively correlated with protein percentage while negatively correlated with SI and OI. SI and seed fiber content exhibited negative correlations with micronaire but positive correlations with fiber length and strength. Results suggested that agronomic traits and seed nutrition components can be improved simultaneously.
C1 [Wu, Jixiang] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Jenkins, Johnie N.; McCarty, Jack C.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Thaxton, Peggy] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS USA.
RP Wu, JX (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, POB 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM Jixiang.wu@ars.usda.gov; johnie.jenkins@ars.usda.gov
RI Wu, Jixiang/C-4084-2009
FU Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station [900100]
FX This study was supported by Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry
Experiment Station (Project No. 900100).
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-2336
J9 EUPHYTICA
JI Euphytica
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 167
IS 3
BP 371
EP 380
DI 10.1007/s10681-009-9896-5
PG 10
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 441RO
UT WOS:000265788400010
ER
PT J
AU Jenkins, JN
McCarty, JC
Wu, JX
Gutierrez, OA
AF Jenkins, Johnie N.
McCarty, Jack C., Jr.
Wu, Jixiang
Gutierrez, Osman A.
TI Genetic variance components and genetic effects among eleven diverse
upland cotton lines and their F2 hybrids
SO EUPHYTICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hybrids; Cotton; Gossypium hirsutum; Breeding; Genetics; Genetic
variances
ID CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES; ACCESSION DERIVED GERMPLASM; HOST-PLANT
GERMPLASM; DAY-NEUTRAL GENES; COMBINING ABILITY; YIELD COMPONENTS;
CULTIVAR CROSSES; FIBER; INTROGRESSION; TRAITS
AB Selecting high yielding upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. lines with improved fiber quality is a primary breeding goal. A diverse set of ten cultivars and one breeding line were crossed in a half diallel. Parents and F(2) hybrids were grown in three environments at Mississippi State, MS. Ten agronomic and fiber traits were analyzed by a mixed linear model approach based on the additive-dominance genetic model. Variance component, genetic effects and genetic correlations were calculated. 'Acala Ultima' was a desirable general combiner for fiber length, uniformity, strength, micronaire, lint percentage, and boll weight. 'FiberMax 966' was a desirable general combiner for fiber length, uniformity, strength, and all agronomic traits. 'Tamcot Pyramid' and M240 were poor general combiners for both fiber and agronomic traits. 'Coker 315' was a good general combiner for fiber length, uniformity, micronaire, boll weight, boll number, and yield. Heterozygous dominance effects were associated with several crosses, which suggest their use as hybrids.
C1 [Jenkins, Johnie N.; McCarty, Jack C., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Wu, Jixiang; Gutierrez, Osman A.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Jenkins, JN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Sci Res Lab, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM johnie.jenkins@ars.usda.gov
RI Wu, Jixiang/C-4084-2009
FU Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC
FX Partial support for this research was provided by Cotton Incorporated,
Cary, NC.
NR 24
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-2336
J9 EUPHYTICA
JI Euphytica
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 167
IS 3
BP 397
EP 408
DI 10.1007/s10681-009-9902-y
PG 12
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 441RO
UT WOS:000265788400012
ER
PT J
AU AbuMweis, SS
Vanstone, CA
Lichtenstein, AH
Jones, PJH
AF AbuMweis, S. S.
Vanstone, C. A.
Lichtenstein, A. H.
Jones, P. J. H.
TI Plant sterol consumption frequency affects plasma lipid levels and
cholesterol kinetics in humans
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE plant sterols; single dose; LDL cholesterol; diet; lipoproteins
ID MILDLY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS; SOLUBLE ANTIOXIDANT
CONCENTRATIONS; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; SITOSTANOL
ESTER-MARGARINE; LOW-FAT DIET; SERUM-CHOLESTEROL; LDL-CHOLESTEROL;
REDUCE CHOLESTEROL; DEUTERIUM INCORPORATION; ENRICHED MARGARINES
AB Background/Objectives: To compare the efficacy of single versus multiple doses of plant sterols on circulating lipid level and cholesterol trafficking.
Subjects/Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, three-phase (6 days/phase) crossover, supervised feeding trial was conducted in 19 subjects. Subjects were provided (i) control margarine with each meal; (ii) 1.8 g/day plant sterols in margarine with breakfast (single-BF) and control margarine with lunch and supper or (iii) 1.8 g/day plant sterols in margarine divided equally at each of the three daily meals (three times per day).
Results: Relative to control, end point plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) after consuming plant sterols three times per day but were not different when consumed once per day (3.43 +/- 0.62, 3.22 +/- 0.58 and 3.30 +/- 0.65 mmol/l,control, three times per day and single-BF, respectively). Relative to the control, end point LDL level was 0.21 +/- 0.27 mmol/l (6%) lower (P < 0.05) at the end of the three times per day phase. Cholesterol fractional synthesis rate was highest (P < 0.05) after the three times per day phase (0.0827 +/- 0.0278, 0.0834 +/- 0.0245 and 0.0913 +/- 0.0221 pool/day, control, single-BF and three times per day, respectively). Cholesterol-absorption efficiency decreased (P < 0.05) by 36 and 39% after the three times per day and single-BF phase, respectively, relative to control.
Conclusions: Present data indicate that to obtain optimal cholesterol-lowering impact, plant sterols should be consumed as smaller doses given more often, rather than one large dose. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63, 747-755; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2008.36; published online 4 June 2008
C1 [Jones, P. J. H.] Univ Manitoba, Richardson Ctr Funct Foods & Nutraceut, Winnipeg, MB R3T 6C5, Canada.
[AbuMweis, S. S.; Vanstone, C. A.; Jones, P. J. H.] McGill Univ, Sch Dietet & Human Nutr, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Lichtenstein, A. H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Jones, PJH (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Richardson Ctr Funct Foods & Nutraceut, 196 Innovation Dr,Smartpk, Winnipeg, MB R3T 6C5, Canada.
EM peter_jones@umanitoba.ca
OI Jones, Peter/0000-0001-5887-2846
NR 49
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0954-3007
J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR
JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 63
IS 6
BP 747
EP 755
DI 10.1038/ejcn.2008.36
PG 9
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 452WN
UT WOS:000266572000006
PM 18523440
ER
PT J
AU Goradia, L
Hartman, GL
Daniel, SL
AF Goradia, Lopa
Hartman, Glen L.
Daniel, Steven L.
TI Evaluation of glyphosate-tolerant soybean cultivars for resistance to
bacterial pustule
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines; Roundup Ready (R) soybeans; Foliar
bacterial pathogen
ID CAMPESTRIS PV GLYCINES; UNITED-STATES; XANTHOMONAS; MAX
AB Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines causes bacterial pustule of soybean, which is a common disease in many soybean-growing areas of the world and is controlled by a single recessive gene (rxp gene) commonly found in many conventional glyphosate-sensitive soybean cultivars. Since glyphosate-tolerant cultivars are commonly planted today, there has been no information about whether these new cultivars have bacterial pustule resistance. The goal of this study was to screen glyphosate-tolerant soybean cultivars for resistance to X. axonopodis pv. glycines. Three experiments were completed to evaluate resistance. In experiment 1, 525 commercial glyphosate-tolerant cultivars from 2001 were inoculated with X. axonopodis pv. glycines strain UIUC-1. Following inoculation, many of the cultivars were resistant (developed no detectable pustule symptoms) although 152 (similar to 29%) developed bacterial pustule. In experiment 2, the aggressiveness of three strains (UIUC-1, UIUC-2, and ATCC 17915) of X. axonopodis pv. glycines were compared on three bacterial pustule-susceptible, glyphosate-tolerant cultivars. One strain (UIUC-1) was less aggressive than the other two (UIUC-2 and ATCC 17915) on all three cultivars examined. In experiment 3, 45 cultivars from 2005 (all different from 2001) were inoculated with X. axonopodis pv. glycines ATCC 17915. A range of disease severities developed with five cultivars (11%) having disease severity ratings as high as or higher than those on a susceptible check cultivar. Overall, these results suggested that resistance to bacterial pustule occurs in glyphosate-tolerant soybean cultivars, but not at 100% frequency, which means bacterial pustule outbreaks could occur when a susceptible cultivar is planted and conditions are conducive for bacterial pustule development.
C1 [Goradia, Lopa; Daniel, Steven L.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Charleston, IL 61920 USA.
[Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Daniel, SL (reprint author), Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL 61920 USA.
EM sldaniel@eiu.edu
FU National Soybean Research Centre at the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign; Illinois Soybean Association; Tiffany Graduate Fund at
Eastern Illinois University
FX A portion of this work was done during a sabbatical leave (S. L. Daniel)
at the National Soybean Research Centre at the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign. We express our appreciation to Andrea Pabon, Curt
Hill, Ron Warsaw, and Theresa Herman for their help on this project.
Funding for this project was provided by the Illinois Soybean
Association and the Tiffany Graduate Fund at Eastern Illinois
University.
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0929-1873
J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL
JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 124
IS 2
BP 331
EP 335
DI 10.1007/s10658-008-9410-2
PG 5
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 442HO
UT WOS:000265832500012
ER
PT J
AU Venkatesh, M
Abrams, S
AF Venkatesh, Mohan
Abrams, Steven
TI Can lactoferrin prevent neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis?
SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
LA English
DT Review
DE broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity; immunity; inflammation;
lactoferrin; necrotizing enterocolitis; neonate; sepsis
ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS;
TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; ADMINISTERED BOVINE LACTOFERRIN; PLATELET
ACTIVATING FACTOR; COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; MILK PROTEIN LACTOFERRIN;
AZOLE ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; IRON-BINDING PROTEIN; IN-VITRO
AB Despite the use of potent antimicrobials, neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The emergence of microbial antibiotic resistance is a grave concern. inflammation secondary to sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis increases pulmonary and cerebral morbidity. New strategies that target inflammation and reduce the emergence of antibiotic resistance are urgently needed. Lactoferrin has broad-spectrum antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. In animal models of colitis, lactoferrin reduces inflammatory injury. Lactoferrin also induces the receptor-mediated proliferation and differentiation of intestinal cells. A randomized, controlled trial of lactoferrin in premature neonates to prevent late-onset sepsis is currently in progress. Lactoferrin is a promising agent in the prevention of neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis but needs further evaluation to confirm its safety, tolerability and efficacy.
C1 [Venkatesh, Mohan] Texas Childrens Hosp, Sect Neonatol, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Venkatesh, Mohan] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Abrams, Steven] USDA, Child Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Venkatesh, M (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Sect Neonatol, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM mohanv@bcm.edu; sabrams@bcm.edu
OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233
NR 142
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 2
PU EXPERT REVIEWS
PI LONDON
PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB,
ENGLAND
SN 1478-7210
J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE
JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 5
BP 515
EP 525
DI 10.1586/ERI.09.25
PG 11
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 460HS
UT WOS:000267179400010
PM 19485792
ER
PT J
AU Li, L
Duker, JS
Yoshida, Y
Niki, E
Rasmussen, H
Russell, RM
Yeum, KJ
AF Li, L.
Duker, J. S.
Yoshida, Y.
Niki, E.
Rasmussen, H.
Russell, R. M.
Yeum, K-J
TI Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in older adults with early
cataract
SO EYE
LA English
DT Article
DE early cataract; antioxidants; oxidative stress; lipid peroxidation;
total antioxidant performance
ID NUCLEAR LENS OPACITIES; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; NUTRIENT INTAKE;
RISK-FACTORS; SENILE CATARACT; MACULAR PIGMENT; HUMAN PLASMA;
CAROTENOIDS; AGE; BLOOD
AB Purpose Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were determined in forty healthy men and postmenopausal women aged 50-70 years (F25, M15), who underwent concurrent eye examinations.
Methods Blood samples were collected for analysing major well-known antioxidants by HPLC systems with UV and ECD detectors, total antioxidant performance using a fluorometry, lipid peroxidation determined by malondialdehyde using a HPLC system with a fluorescent detector and by total hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE) and F2-isoprotanes (8-iso-PGF(2 alpha)) using GC-MS.
Results Twenty-seven (F17, M10) of the 40 subjects were diagnosed to have early cataracts at the onset of the study, which were regarded as age appropriate lens opacities. There was no significant difference in plasma major antioxidants, total antioxidant performance, and lipid peroxidation determined by malondialdehyde as well as 8-iso-PGF(2 alpha) between the groups with and without early cataract. However, isomers of 9- and 13-(Z,E)-HODE levels were significantly higher in subjects with early cataract as compared with those of non-cataract subjects (P < 0.05).
Conclusion Our data suggest that subjects with early cataract are under increased systemic oxidative stress, which can be identified by a sensitive biomarker of lipid peroxidation, such as isomers of HODE. Eye (2009) 23, 1464-1468; doi:10.1038/eye.2008.281; published online 19 September 2008
C1 [Li, L.; Rasmussen, H.; Russell, R. M.; Yeum, K-J] Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Li, L.] Qingdao Univ, Coll Med, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
[Duker, J. S.] Tufts Med Ctr, New England Eye Ctr, Boston, MA USA.
[Yoshida, Y.; Niki, E.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Osaka, Japan.
RP Yeum, KJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Carotenoids & Hlth Lab, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM kyungjin.yeum@tufts.edu
RI YOSHIDA, YASUKAZU/H-8510-2016
OI YOSHIDA, YASUKAZU/0000-0001-6034-2502
FU US Department of Agriculture [1950-51000-065-08S]; [NEI R03EY015674]
FX This research has been supported in part by NEI R03EY015674 and the US
Department of Agriculture, under agreement number 1950-51000-065-08S,
USA. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in
this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
the view of the US Department of Agriculture
NR 41
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0950-222X
J9 EYE
JI Eye
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1464
EP 1468
DI 10.1038/eye.2008.281
PG 5
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 457BP
UT WOS:000266900500035
PM 18806766
ER
PT J
AU Rooney, AP
Price, NPJ
Ray, KJ
Kuo, TM
AF Rooney, Alejandro P.
Price, Neil P. J.
Ray, Karen J.
Kuo, Tsung-Min
TI Isolation and characterization of rhamnolipid-producing bacterial
strains from a biodiesel facility
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE rhamnolipids; biodiesel; glycerol; biosurfactant; MALDI-TOF MS
ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCTION; GLYCEROL
AB Novel strains of rhamnolipid-producing bacteria were isolated from soils at a biodiesel facility on the basis of their ability to grow oil glycerol as a sole carbon source. Strains were identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Enterobacter asburiae, Enterobacter hormaechei, Pantoea stewartii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strains of the former five species were found to produce rhamnolipids in quantities the same as, or similar to, coisolated strains of P aeruginosa. Measurements of surface tension revealed that that emulsifying properties of these strains were similar to levels displayed by rhamnolipids produced by P aeruginosa. Results of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-night MS analyses revealed that the predominant compounds made by all strains were C(10)-C(10) mono- and dirhamnolipids. Notably, E. hormaechei and one strain of A. calcoaceticus produced rhamnolipids ill amounts similar to the pseudomonads. As all strains examined were from the same taxonomic class of Proteobacteria, further examination of this group may reveal many additional species not previously known to produce rhamnolipids in addition to novel strains of Species currently known to produce rhamnolipids.
C1 [Rooney, Alejandro P.; Ray, Karen J.; Kuo, Tsung-Min] ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Price, Neil P. J.] ARS, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Rooney, AP (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM alejandro.rooney@ars.usda.gov
NR 27
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0378-1097
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT
JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 295
IS 1
BP 82
EP 87
DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01581.x
PG 6
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 452OW
UT WOS:000266551800011
PM 19473254
ER
PT J
AU Shelly, TE
Nishimoto, JI
Edu, J
AF Shelly, Todd E.
Nishimoto, Jon I.
Edu, James
TI INFLUENCE OF METHOPRENE ON THE AGE-RELATED MATING PROPENSITY OF MALES OF
THE ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY AND THE MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY (DIPTERA:
TEPHRITIDAE)
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Bactrocera dorsalis; Ceratitis capitata; Sterile Insect Technique;
hormone therapy; Tephritidae; methoprene
ID CERATITIS-CAPITATA DIPTERA; SEXUAL PERFORMANCE; JUVENILE-HORMONE; FLIES
DIPTERA; DIET; POLYMORPHISM; ANASTREPHA; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR; SUCCESS
AB The application of juvenile hormone (or chemical analogs, such as methoprene) to newly emerged adult male fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) represents a promising method to improve the efficiency of the Sterile Insect Technique against economically important species. This procedure has been shown to accelerate male sexual maturity in species with a long pre-copulatory period, and could allow for release of sterile males at younger ages and a greater release rate of sterile males overall. Topical application of methoprene has been shown to enhance male mating competitiveness. The present study investigated the effect of methoprene on maturation speed in males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (a 'slow' maturing species) and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (a 'fast' maturing species). For both species, newly emerged males were treated with acetone containing methoprene (treated) or acetone alone (control). The mating propensity of males was then monitored in non-competitive environments with mature females. Contrary to other studies, we found no evidence that methoprene accelerated male sexual activity in either a wild-like or mass-reared strain of B. dorsalis or a mass-reared (genetic sexing strain) of C. capitata. Possible explanations for these results are discussed.
C1 [Shelly, Todd E.; Nishimoto, Jon I.; Edu, James] USDA APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA.
RP Shelly, TE (reprint author), USDA APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki St, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA.
NR 27
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 14
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 193
EP 198
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700001
ER
PT J
AU Hight, SD
Carpenter, JE
AF Hight, Stephen D.
Carpenter, James E.
TI FLIGHT PHENOLOGY OF MALE CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
AT DIFFERENT LATITUDES IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE flight phenology; Cactoblastis cactorum; invasive pest; pheromone
trapping
ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NORTH-AMERICA; MANAGEMENT; STERILITY; INVASION;
OPUNTIA; MEXICO; IMPACT; CACTUS
AB Long term trapping studies of the invasive moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) were conducted at various latitudes from Puerto Rico to South Carolina. Three flight periods per year were identified at the 5 temperate sites studied, which covered the majority of the infested range on mainland United States. In general, the 3 flight periods across a latitudinal gradient from south Florida to central, coastal South Carolina were a spring flight during Feb-May, a summer flight during Jun-Aug, and a fall flight during Sep-Nov. At any 1 site, each flight period lasted about 2 months. In the tropical areas of the Florida Keys and a Caribbean Island, the insect exhibited overlapping generations. Previous studies of this insect (as a biological control agent) report 2 flight periods per year in its native range of Argentina and its introduced range of Australia and South Africa. A synthetic pheromone-baited trap was a good indicator of generational time, and we suggest that trapping assays in these areas will likely identify 3 generations rather than 2. Initiation and timing of the 3 generational flights has importance in the current United States and Mexico monitoring program for presence and expansion of this invasive pest, development of mapping programs to identify monitoring windows and management efforts with the Sterile Insect Technique.
C1 [Hight, Stephen D.] USDA ARS CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, FAMU, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA.
[Carpenter, James E.] USDA ARS CPMRU, Tifton, GA 31794 USA.
RP Hight, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, FAMU, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA.
NR 41
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Z9 19
U1 3
U2 14
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 208
EP 216
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700003
ER
PT J
AU Hanula, JL
Wade, DD
O'Brien, J
Loeb, SC
AF Hanula, James L.
Wade, Dale D.
O'Brien, Joseph
Loeb, Susan C.
TI GROUND-DWELLING ARTHROPOD ASSOCIATION WITH COARSE WOODY DEBRIS FOLLOWING
LONG-TERM DORMANT SEASON PRESCRIBED BURNING IN THE LONGLEAF PINE
FLATWOODS OF NORTH FLORIDA
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE prescribed burning; coarse woody debris; habitat heterogeneity
ID SAPROXYLIC BEETLES COLEOPTERA; WESTERN CANADA; PITFALL TRAPS; FOREST;
FIRE; ASSEMBLAGES; INVERTEBRATES; POPULATIONS; ECOSYSTEMS; CARABIDAE
AB A 5-year study of long-term (40 years) study plots was conducted on the Osceola National Forest in northern Florida to determine how dormant-season fire frequency (annual, biennial, quadrennial, or unburned) affects ground-dwelling macroarthropod use of coarse woody debris in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) forests. Pitfall traps were used to sample arthropods near logs or metal drift fences of equal length. Samples were identified to genus or the lowest practical taxonomic level. Overall, significantly more arthropods and more arthropod biomass were captured near drift fences than neat, logs. Similarity of arthropods captured near logs or drift fences ranged from 64.4% in annually burned plots to 69.2% in quadrennially burned plots, with no significant differences noted. Likewise, Shannon diversity, evenness, richness, and number of rare genera were the same for traps regardless of the trap location. Interaction between fires and trap location were observed in 31 of 932 arthropod taxa. Of those, 10 taxa had significantly higher numbers captured in traps near logs in some burn treatments but there was no consistent pattern between log use and fire frequency. In most cases, more were captured in log pitfalls in frequently burned plots but that was not the case for at least 4 taxa. Where interactions between trap location and fire frequency were not significant, arthropods in an additional 101 taxa were captured in higher numbers at 1 trap location or the other. Of those, 73 were captured in higher numbers in pitfalls near drift fences and 28 were captured in higher numbers near logs. Results showed no increase in log usage by general or more mobile ground-dwelling arthropods as more frequent burning reduced the herbaceous and woody under story. However, logs were clearly important to a wide variety of arthropods regardless of burn frequency.
C1 [Hanula, James L.; Wade, Dale D.; O'Brien, Joseph] USDA, US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Loeb, Susan C.] Clemson Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, Dept Forest Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Hanula, JL (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
FU Nature Conservancy's Ecosystem Research Program; A. W Mellon Foundation
FX We thank Arthur Phalo for coordinating sample collection, processing,
and data entry. Numerous student workers sorted samples day in and day
out, Frances Brookshire labeled sample vials and proofed data, and Lee
Reynolds identified many of the specimens. We thank James Pitts for
identifications of spiders and Hymenoptera, and Cecil Smith for
taxonomic help on other groups. Keith Lawrence and the staff on the
Osceola National Forest provided invaluable assistance throughout this
study. Stan Zarnoch helped with statistical analyses, and Simon Grove
and Jeff Lemieux provided helpful comments on previous drafts of this
paper. Finally, we thank the Nature Conservancy's Ecosystem Research
Program and the A. W Mellon Foundation who provided funding for this
work.
NR 61
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Z9 6
U1 1
U2 23
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 229
EP 242
PG 14
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700006
ER
PT J
AU Casagrande, R
Van Driesche, RG
Mayer, M
Fuester, R
Gilrein, D
Tewksbury, L
Faubert, H
AF Casagrande, R.
Van Driesche, R. G.
Mayer, M.
Fuester, R.
Gilrein, D.
Tewksbury, L.
Faubert, H.
TI BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF FENUSA PUSILLA (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE) IN
THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES: A THIRTY-FOUR YEAR PERSPECTIVE ON
EFFICACY
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Fenusa pusilla; Lathrolestes nigricollis; birch leafminer; Betula spp.
biological control; evaluation; efficacy
ID BIRCH LEAFMINER; PARASITES; QUEBEC; ESTABLISHMENT; ICHNEUMONIDAE
AB Parasitoid releases against the birch leafminer Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in eastern North America began in 1974, with releases in eastern Canada, followed by others in the Middle Atlantic States and New England. Of 4 parasitoids released, only 1, the ichneumonid Lathrolestes nigricollis (Thompson), established and spread widely. Studies of its preliminary impacts were made in several locations in the 1980s and 1990s, but full impact of the parasitoid on host density was not yet achieved in that period. Here we report results of surveys in 7 states (MA, CT, RI, NY, PA, NJ, DE) in 2007 documenting the current birch leaf miner levels (as % of leaves mined in spring) and parasitism. Survey results show that the pest has declined dramatically to barely detectable levels in 5 states (MA, CT, RI, NY, PA) but that in southern NJ, the pest remains abundant (ca 50% leaves mined) despite significant parasitism levels. Survey results, in context with previous evaluations made when populations were still declining, show that the project has been completely successful in much of the northeastern USA, but that there is a southern limit to efficacy in mid-New Jersey. Possible reasons for lack of control in this area, in contrast to high levels of control elsewhere, are discussed.
C1 [Casagrande, R.; Tewksbury, L.; Faubert, H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Van Driesche, R. G.] Univ Massachusetts, PSIS, Div Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Mayer, M.] New Jersey Dept Agr, Beneficial Insect Rearing Lab, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA.
[Fuester, R.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Res Lab, Newark, DE 19713 USA.
[Gilrein, D.] Cornell Extens, Long Isl Hort Res Lab, Riverhead, NY 11901 USA.
RP Casagrande, R (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
FU Cooperative State Research Extension; Education Service; U.S. Department
of Agriculture; Agricultural Experiment Stations [NE1032]
FX This research was supported by the Cooperative State Research Extension,
Education Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural
Experiment Stations of participating states with coordination through
the regional biological control project NE1032.
NR 12
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U1 2
U2 4
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 243
EP 247
PG 5
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700007
ER
PT J
AU Vitullo, J
Zhang, AJ
Mannion, C
Bergh, JC
AF Vitullo, Justin
Zhang, Aijun
Mannion, Catharine
Bergh, J. Christopher
TI EXPRESSION OF FEEDING SYMPTOMS FROM PINK HIBISCUS MEALYBUG (HEMIPTERA:
PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) BY COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT CULTIVARS OF HIBISCUS
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Maconellicoccus hirsutus; Hibiscus rosa-sinensis; host tolerance
ID MACONELLICOCCUS-HIRSUTUS HEMIPTERA
AB The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), is a highly polyphagous pest that invaded southern Florida in 2002 and is now widely established throughout most of the state. Although Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. is a preferred and economically important host of M. hirsutus, the susceptibility and expression of feeding symptoms by different cultivars have not been evaluated. Cultivars of H. rosa-sinensis were infested with M. hirsutus and evaluated daily for 40 d for the onset and percentage of terminals expressing feeding symptoms. Under different initial densities of M. hirsutus, the cultivar 'President' showed no difference in the latency to expression of feeding symptoms, which occurred between 7 and 15 d after infestation, but did show significant differences between initial density and percentage of terminals expressing feeding symptoms from 10 d onward. When infested with 20 females, 80% of 'President' terminals exhibited symptoms 30 d after infestation. Four other cultivars initially infested with 10 female M. hirsutus showed significant differences in the onset and severity of feeding symptoms. All plants of the cultivars 'Florida Sunset' and 'Joanne' expressed damage symptoms at 12 +/- 2 SE d and 10 +/- 1 d, respectively, following infestation. Only a single plant of the cultivars 'Double Red' and 'Snow Queen' showed such symptoms at 19 and 30 d after infestation, respectively. Significant differences between cultivar and the percentage of terminals expressing feeding symptoms were observed from 20 d onward. Terminals sampled from all plants after 40 d revealed that egg, nymph, and adult female M. hirsutus were found on all plants, including those that did not exhibit feeding symptoms. These data have shown that hibiscus cultivars differ in their expression of M. hirsutus feeding symptoms, that M. hirsutus can reproduce on cultivars of hibiscus that do not express feeding symptoms, and that feeding symptoms are not a reliable indicator of infestation by M. hirsutus, highlighting the need for further investigation of the mechanisms underlying differences among cultivars.
C1 [Vitullo, Justin] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Mannion, Catharine] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA.
[Bergh, J. Christopher] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA.
RP Vitullo, J (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
FU USDA-CSREES Southern Region IPM Program [2007-34103-18140]
FX We thank the USDA-CSREES Southern Region IPM Program, Award
2007-34103-18140 for funding, Garden Depot (Miami, FL) for donating
plants, and H. Glen for technical assistance. Thanks to R. Fell (Dept.
of Entomology, Virginia Tech) and D. Pfeiffer (Dept. of Entomology,
Virginia Tech) for advising expertise.
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 248
EP 254
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700008
ER
PT J
AU Mc Kay, F
Oleiro, M
Walsh, GC
Gandolfo, D
Cuda, JP
Wheeler, GS
AF Mc Kay, Fernando
Oleiro, Marina
Cabrera Walsh, Guillermo
Gandolfo, Daniel
Cuda, James P.
Wheeler, Gregory S.
TI NATURAL ENEMIES OF BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE (SAPINDALES: ANACARDIACEAE) FROM
ARGENTINA: THEIR POSSIBLE USE FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN THE USA
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE foreign exploration; classical biological control; Schinus
terebinthifolius; host range; invasive weed; Florida Everglades
ID MEGASTIGMUS-TRANSVAALENSIS HYMENOPTERA; SCHINUS-TEREBINTHIFOLIUS
ANACARDIACEAE; HOST-SPECIFICITY TESTS; HETEROPERREYIA-HUBRICHI; SOUTH
FLORIDA; CONTROL AGENT; LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; CANDIDATE; TORYMIDAE
AB Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Anacardiaceae) is a perennial tree native to Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. The plant was introduced into the USA before 1900. Originally grown as an ornamental, Brazilian peppertree is now considered an noxious plant in Hawaii and Florida, where it is ranked among the most important threats to biodiversity in natural areas. Recent surveys conducted in northeastern Argentina recovered one fungus associated with distorted leaves and 36 phytophagous insects collected on Brazilian peppertree. A leaf-feeding notodontid moth, a new species of gracillariid leaf blotch miner, and a stem-boring weevil have been selected for further studies to determine their potential as biological control agents of Brazilian peppertree in the USA. The results of these surveys are summarized herein and descriptions are included of the insects that are considered most promising for biological control of this weed.
C1 [Mc Kay, Fernando; Oleiro, Marina; Cabrera Walsh, Guillermo; Gandolfo, Daniel] USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Hurlingham, Argentina.
[Cuda, James P.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Wheeler, Gregory S.] Univ Florida, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA ARS, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
RP Mc Kay, F (reprint author), USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Hurlingham, Argentina.
EM fmckay@speedy.com.ar
FU Florida Department of Environmental Protection; South Florida Water
Management District
FX We appreciate the generous contributions of numerous workers to this
effort. We thank Munoz, J. D. Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios,
Parana, Argentina for assistance with identification of the
Anacardiaceae of Argentina. For the identification of different insect
groups we thank O'Brien, C. (Curculionidae) Greenvalley, AZ, USA;
Burckhardt, D. (Psyllidae) Naturhistorisches Museum, Switzerland;
Cabrera, N. (Chrysomelidae) and Aquino, D. (Chalcidoidea) Museo de La
Plata, Argentina; Avalos, S. (Tacbinidae) Universidad de Cordoba,
Argentina; Di Dorio, O. (Cerambycidae) Universidad de Buenos Aires,
Argentina; Navarro, F. (Mimallonidae) Universidad Nacional de Tucuman,
Argentina; Whitfield, J. (Braconidae) University of Illinois; Wahl, D.
(Ichneumonidae) American Entomological Institute; Prinsloo G.
(Torymidae) ARCPlant Protection Research Institute; Becker V. O.
(Gelechiidae) Instituto Iracu, Reserva Serra Bonita, Brazil; Brown, J. W
(Episimus); Pogue, M. G. (Nystalea ebalea, Protambulyx strigilis;
Teemessa elegans); Davis, D. R. (Gracillariidae), Nakahara, S.
(Paraleucothrips n. sp.) Smith, D. R. (Symphyta) all from the
USDA/ARS/SEL. For the identification of the fungal pathogen we thank
Rayamajhi, M. USDA/ARS/IPRL Ft. Lauderdale, FL USA. We thank C. Cagnotti
for technical assistance during this study. We thank S. Schooler
(CSIRO), S. Hight (USDA-ARS-CMAVE), A. Peard Bugliani, and J. Briano
(SABCL) for valuable comments and suggestions on the manuscript. This
project was partially funded by Florida Department of Environmental
Protection and South Florida Water Management District. This publication
is dedicated to 2 great friends and colleagues, Daniel Gandolfo and
Javier Jara, whose warm and generous spirits live on with us.
NR 53
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 18
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
EI 1938-5102
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 292
EP 303
PG 12
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700013
ER
PT J
AU Marutani-Hert, M
Hunter, WB
Katsar, CS
Sinisterra, XH
Hall, DG
Powell, CA
AF Marutani-Hert, Mizuri
Hunter, Wayne B.
Katsar, Catherine S.
Sinisterra, Xiomara H.
Hall, David G.
Powell, Charles A.
TI REOVIRUS-LIKE SEQUENCES ISOLATED FROM ADULT ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID,
(HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE: DIAPHORINA CITRI)
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Psyllidae; psyllids; citrus; HLB; Huanglongbing; Reoviridae; pathogen;
virus
ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NILAPARVATA-LUGENS REOVIRUS; GENOME;
FIJIVIRUS; VIRUS; BACULOVIRUSES; SEGMENT-1; DISEASE; MEMBER
AB The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, (Insecta: Hemiptera: Psyllidae), has been identified as a damaging pest and an efficient vector of the plant infecting bacterium (Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus) which is strongly associated with the disease Huanglongbing (HLB), known as 'Citrus greening disease'. Huanglongbing has caused extensive economic losses in the citrus industries worldwide. Traditional control measures of the psyllid have proven to be ineffective and costly. Biological control measures have been shown to provide environmentally friendly management tools for insect pests. In this study, an expression library was prepared from adult psyllids in search of new pathogens that can be use as biological control agents. We identified 2 viral sequences: one 616 base pairs and a second, 792 base pairs. Both had significant similarity to viruses within the insect Reovirus group. Phylogenetic and homology comparisons indicated that the viral sequences were most closely related to the viruses in the Family Reoviridae, Genus Fijivirus, specifically Nilaparvata lugens reovirus, NLRV.
C1 [Marutani-Hert, Mizuri; Hunter, Wayne B.; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
[Katsar, Catherine S.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33316 USA.
[Sinisterra, Xiomara H.] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20451 USA.
[Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
RP Marutani-Hert, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
FU Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council
FX We thank Laura Hunnicutt, Jerry Mozoruk, Maria Gonzales, Christine
Lynch, Matthew Hentz, and Kathryn Moulton, Biological science
technicians for providing technical assistance and for helpful comments.
We thank Dr. Shinji Kawano for helpful discussions about reovirus. We
thank Dr. Aaron P. Hert for helpful discussions and review of the
manuscript. This research was supported in part by the Florida Citrus
Production Research Advisory Council, 2007.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 314
EP 320
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700016
ER
PT J
AU Valles, SM
Oi, DH
Porter, SD
AF Valles, Steven M.
Oi, David H.
Porter, Sanford D.
TI KNEALLHAZIA (=THELOHANIA) SOLENOPSAE INFECTION RATE OF PSEUDACTEON
CURVATUS FLIES DETERMINED BY MULTIPLEX PCR
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Solenopsis invicta; red imported fire ant; phorid fly; biological
control; parasite; entomopathogen; microsporidia
ID IMPORTED FIRE ANTS; INVICTA HYMENOPTERA; NOSEMA-BOMBYCIS; MICROSPORIDIA;
FORMICIDAE; PREVALENCE; FLORIDA; ESTABLISHMENT; TRANSMISSION;
VAIRIMORPHA
AB A multiplex PCR method was developed and used to determine the infection rate of Kneallhazia solenopsae in individual Pseudacteon curvatus flies in north-central Florida. Among R curvatus flies infected with K. solenopsae, 2 amplicons were produced, one of 800 nucleotides from the R curvatus 18S rRNA gene, and one of 318 nucleotides from the K. solenopsae 16S rRNA gene. Multiplex PCR of DNA extracted from R curvatus flies was capable of detecting 117.5 +/- 82.7 K. solenopsae spore equivalents. The mean K. solenopsae infection rate of R curvatus from 4 sites in Gainesville and Williston, Florida, was 12.3 +/- 5.0%. The K. solenopsae infection rate for R curvatus was independent of the K. solenopsae infection rate observed among S. invicta nests from where the fly collections took place. Not all R curvatus flies that developed in K. solenopsae-infected fire ants were positive for K solenopsae upon eclosion. Among 50 R curvatus flies known to develop in K. solenopsae-infected S. invicta workers, 12 (24%) were positive for K solenopsae at eclosion.
C1 [Valles, Steven M.; Oi, David H.; Porter, Sanford D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
RP Valles, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 344
EP 349
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700020
ER
PT J
AU Shapiro, JP
Shirk, PD
Reitz, SR
Koenig, R
AF Shapiro, Jeffrey P.
Shirk, Paul D.
Reitz, Stuart R.
Koenig, Rose
TI SYMPATRY OF ORIUS INSIDIOSUS AND O-PUMILIO (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE) IN
NORTH CENTRAL FLORIDA
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE minute pirate bug; Queen Anne's lace; Ammi majus; Frankliniella
bispinosa; thrips; sex ratio
ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SEX-RATIOS; HETEROPTERA; DISPERSAL; DIAPAUSE
AB Two closely related species of Anthocoridae, the minute pirate bugs Orius insidiosus (Say) and O. pumilio (Champion), were collected together from false Queen Anne's lace/large bull-wort (Ammi majus) planted on an organic farm in Gainesville, Alachua Co., FL., over a period of 5 successive weeks. The presumptive prey on the false Queen Anne's lace was a single species of thrips, Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan). In the first 4 weekly collections from the flower heads, the densities of O. insidiosus adults were 2.7-fold higher than those of O. pumilio. No eggs or nymphs of either species were observed on the plants. Sex ratios (males:females) of 2.7 and 1.0 were observed for O. insidiosus and O. pumilio, respectively. A colony of O. insidiosus was established from field-collected specimens. The sex ratio of the F, generation from this colony was 1.0, suggesting that the skewed field sex ratio was not a genetic phenomenon. These data demonstrate that these sympatric predators coexist at least temporarily, feeding on pests of the false Queen Anne's lace.
C1 [Shapiro, Jeffrey P.; Shirk, Paul D.; Reitz, Stuart R.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
[Reitz, Stuart R.] Florida A&M Univ, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA.
[Koenig, Rose] Rosies Organ Farm, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA.
RP Shapiro, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
RI Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 362
EP 366
PG 5
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700023
ER
PT J
AU Epsky, ND
Walker, A
Kendra, PE
AF Epsky, Nancy D.
Walker, Alison
Kendra, Paul E.
TI SAMPLING METHODS FOR MYLLOCERUS UNDECIMPUSTULATUS UNDATUS (COLEOPTERA:
CURCULIONIDAE) ADULTS
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Epsky, Nancy D.; Walker, Alison; Kendra, Paul E.] ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, USDA, Miami, FL 33158 USA.
RP Epsky, ND (reprint author), ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, USDA, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 388
EP 390
PG 3
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700030
ER
PT J
AU Pena, JE
Triapitsyn, SV
Long, D
Evans, GA
Roltsch, W
AF Pena, J. E.
Triapitsyn, S. V.
Long, D.
Evans, G. A.
Roltsch, W.
TI FIRST RECORD OF ERYTHMELUS KLOPOMOR (HYMENOPTERA: MYMARIDAE) AS A
PARASITOID OF THE AVOCADO LACE BUG, PSEUDACYSTA PERSEAE (HETEROPTERA:
TINGIDAE)
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Pena, J. E.; Long, D.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Homestead, FL 33031 USA.
[Triapitsyn, S. V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Evans, G. A.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Roltsch, W.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Integrated Pest Control Branch, Biol Control Program, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA.
RP Pena, JE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Dept Entomol & Nematol, 18905 SW 280th St, Homestead, FL 33031 USA.
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
EI 1938-5102
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 394
EP 395
PG 2
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700032
ER
PT J
AU Shapiro, JP
Ferkovich, SM
AF Shapiro, Jeffrey P.
Ferkovich, Stephen M.
TI CORRECTED SPECIES IDENTIFICATION OF THE PREDATOR ORIUS PUMILIO
(HETEROPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE) IN A RESEARCH COLONY
SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID ARTIFICIAL DIET; INSIDIOSUS HEMIPTERA; PREY
C1 [Shapiro, Jeffrey P.; Ferkovich, Stephen M.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
RP Shapiro, JP (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI LUTZ
PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA
SN 0015-4040
J9 FLA ENTOMOL
JI Fla. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 2
BP 399
EP 399
PG 1
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 457VP
UT WOS:000266962700034
ER
PT J
AU Chua, T
Bhagwat, AA
AF Chua, Trina
Bhagwat, Arvind A.
TI A Rapid and Simple DNA Extraction Procedure to Detect Salmonella spp.
and Listeria monocytogenes from Fresh Produce Using Real-time PCR
SO FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Pathogen Detection; Food-borne; Food Safety; Fresh Produce; Food
Microbiology
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; QUANTITATIVE
DETECTION; TEMPLATE PREPARATION; MEAT-PRODUCTS; FOOD SAMPLES; PATHOGENS;
BACTERIA; AMPLIFICATION; TECHNOLOGY
AB DNA isolation procedures significantly influence the outcome of PCR-based detection of human pathogens. Unlike clinical samples, DNA isolation from food samples, particularly from fresh and fresh-cut produce has remained a formidable task and has hampered the sensitivity and accuracy of molecular methods. We utilized a commercially available filter-based DNA isolation method (FTA) in conjunction with real-time PCR-based detection of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. The protocol uses filter paper discs impregnated with a patented chemical formulation that lyses cells, immobilizes DNA, and protects it from degradation. Use of the FTA method in conjunction with real-time PCR for the detection of Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes was compared with two commercially available DNA isolation procedures that are commonly used for high throughput real-time PCR pathogen detection systems. Both pathogens were successfully detected from artificially inoculated fresh and fresh-cut produce such as alfalfa sprouts, cilantro, green onion, broccoli, prepacked mixed salad, and spinach at low cell numbers (four to seven colony forming units per 25 g initial inoculum level before enrichment). The FTA protocol had distinct advantages of simplicity, biosafety, and compatibility for high throughput screening. This DNA preparation protocol was rapid, sensitive, required minimal handling, and reduced interference from produce-associated inhibitors of real-time PCR.
C1 [Chua, Trina; Bhagwat, Arvind A.] ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Bhagwat, AA (reprint author), ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 002,Room 117,BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM arvind.bhagwat@ars.usda.gov
FU School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology; Ngee Ann Polytechnic,
Singapore
FX The study was supported in part by the overseas Industrial Attachment
Program of the School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann
Polytechnic, Singapore.
NR 43
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1936-9751
J9 FOOD ANAL METHOD
JI Food Anal. Meth.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 96
EP 101
DI 10.1007/s12161-008-9032-5
PG 6
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 418FB
UT WOS:000264133000002
ER
PT J
AU Ganesan, V
Rosentrater, KA
Muthukumarappan, K
AF Ganesan, Vykundeshwari
Rosentrater, Kurt A.
Muthukumarappan, K.
TI Physical and Flow Properties of Regular and Reduced Fat Distillers Dried
Grains with Solubles (DDGS)
SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Characterization; DDGS Distillers dried grains with solubles;
Flowability; Flow properties; Shear testing; Physical properties
ID FOOD POWDERS; FLOWABILITY; SOIL
AB With the remarkable growth of the US fuel ethanol industry in the past decade, large quantities of corn-based distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are now being produced. Flowability of DDGS has become a problem throughout the industry, as it is often restricted by caking and bridging during storage and transport. The objective of this study was to quantify physical and flow properties of commercially produced unmodified (9.3% db fat) and reduced fat (2.1% db) DDGS to determine if fat level affects flowability. The compressive modulus of reduced fat DDGS was 28.2% higher than unmodified DDGS, but shear stress resistance was the same (0.03 kg/m(2)). Carr testing indicated that reduced fat DDGS had an angle of repose 4.3% lower, and Carr compressibility 70% lower, than unmodified DDGS. However, in terms of uniformity and dispersibility, reduced fat DDGS was, respectively, 100 and 41.5% greater than regular DDGS. Jenike shear testing revealed that reduced fat DDGS had unconfined yield strength and Jenike compressibility values that were 15.7 and 40.0% lower, respectively, than unmodified DDGS, but had major consolidating stress and flowability index values that were 6.7 and 13.2% higher, respectively. For regular DDGS, the flow function curve was located closer to the shear stress axis, which indicated slightly worse flowability than the reduced fat DDGS. Overall, a reduction in the fat content did show slight improvement in some flow properties, especially compressibility. Both types of DDGS were ultimately classified as cohesive in nature. Exploration of the data using a previously developed assessment tool appeared to show that the reduced fat DDGS may have better flow. Continued research should be pursued, including an examination of the effects of other chemical constituents, as well as particle morphology.
C1 [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
[Ganesan, Vykundeshwari; Muthukumarappan, K.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
EM krosentr@ngirl.ars.usda.gov
OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037
FU USDA Agricultural Research Service
FX The authors would like to thank the ethanol plant that contributed
samples for the study, the USDA Agricultural Research Service for
financial support, and Jenna Carsrud for technical assistance with the
laboratory measurements
NR 33
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Z9 17
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1935-5130
J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH
JI Food Bioprocess Technol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 156
EP 166
DI 10.1007/s11947-007-0026-x
PG 11
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 417TO
UT WOS:000264101600004
ER
PT J
AU Chevanan, N
Muthukumarappan, K
Rosentrater, KA
AF Chevanan, Nehru
Muthukumarappan, Kasiviswanathan
Rosentrater, Kurt A.
TI Extrusion Studies of Aquaculture Feed using Distillers Dried Grains with
Solubles and Whey
SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE DDGS; Distillers grains; Extrusion; Pellet durability index;
Single-screw extruder; Unit density; Water activity; Whey
ID STARCH GELATINIZATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SCREW EXTRUDER; SOY PROTEIN;
FED DIETS; PRODUCTS; BLENDS; MOISTURE; COOKING; QUALITY
AB Three isocaloric (3.5 kcal/g) ingredient blends containing 20, 30, and 40% distiller-dried grains with solubles (DDGS) along with 5% whey were prepared with a net protein content adjusted to 28% (wet basis [wb]). Other ingredients in the blends included soy flour, corn flour, fish meal, vitamin, and mineral mix. These blends were extruded in a single-screw extruder at 15, 20, and 25% (wb) moisture content and at 130 and 160 rpm screw speeds. Compared to previous research, the durability and unit density of the extrudates in this study were found to increase substantially by the addition of whey to the blends. Increasing the DDGS content from 20 to 40% resulted in a 5.8 and 16.8% increase in extrudate moisture content and redness, respectively, but produced a decrease of 11.2% in brightness and 3.6% in yellowness of the extrudates. Increasing the moisture content of the ingredient blends from 15 to 25% resulted in an increase of 16.1, 8.7, and 9.3% in moisture content, durability, and redness, respectively, but a decrease of 9.8 and 5.6%, respectively, in brightness and yellowness of the extrudates. Neither DDGS level nor screw speed significantly affected extrudate durability or unit density. In fact, changing the screw speed had no significant effect on many of the properties of the extrudates studied, except for moisture content, redness, and yellowness. As demonstrated in this study, ingredient moisture content and screw speed are critical considerations when producing extrudates with feed blends containing DDGS; further work is needed to optimize processing conditions and to produce floating feeds.
C1 [Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
[Chevanan, Nehru] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Muthukumarappan, Kasiviswanathan] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, USDA, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
EM kurt.rosentrater@ars.usda.gov
OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037
FU Agricultural Experiment Station; South Dakota State University; North
Central Agricultural Research Laboratory; USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD
FX We thankfully acknowledge the financial support provided by the
Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, and the
North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD.
NR 40
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1935-5130
J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH
JI Food Bioprocess Technol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 2
IS 2
BP 177
EP 185
DI 10.1007/s11947-007-0036-8
PG 9
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 417TO
UT WOS:000264101600006
ER
PT J
AU Lung'aho, MG
Glahn, RP
AF Lung'aho, Mercy G.
Glahn, Raymond P.
TI In vitro estimates of iron bioavailability in some Kenyan complementary
foods
SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioavailability; complementary foods; iron; Kenya; porridges
ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CACO-2 CELLS; SOLUBILITY; PREBIOTICS; PREDICTS;
HUMANS; ACID
AB Background. Iron-deficiency anemia is by far the most widespread micronutrient deficiency disease in the world, affecting more than 2 billion people. Although there are multiple causes of anemia, its high prevalence among children-especially in developing countries such as Kenya-is attributed to an inadequate intake of dietary iron.
Objective. The main objective of this study was to assess the amount of bioavailable iron in Kenyan complementary foods and to determine whether strategies such as food diversification using locally available foods would improve the bioavailability of iron from these foods.
Methods. The in vitro iron bioavailability system/Caco-2 cell model that mirrors the gastric and intestinal digestion of humans was used in this study to estimate the amount of bioavailable iron in the porridges.
Results. The addition of cassava significantly increased the amount of ferritin formation in a cereal-based home recipe from 36.74 to 67.58 ng/mg. The in vitro data suggests that home recipes can provide an equal or greater amount of bioavailable iron as the commercially available nonfortified porridge products. However, in vitro assessment showed that the nonfortified recipes had less bioavailable iron than Cerelac, a commercially available fortified complementary food that provides about 26% of the RDA of iron for infants 6 and 7 months of age per serving (p < .0001).
Conclusions. In addition to diet diversity, more approaches to address iron inadequacy of complementary foods are required to improve the bioavailability of iron from the Kenyan complementary foods analyzed.
C1 [Glahn, Raymond P.] Cornell Univ, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Lung'aho, Mercy G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Glahn, RP (reprint author), Cornell Univ, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, USDA ARS, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM rpg3@cornell.edu
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION
PI BOSTON
PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA
SN 0379-5721
J9 FOOD NUTR BULL
JI Food Nutr. Bull.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 2
BP 145
EP 152
PG 8
WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 469WH
UT WOS:000267930900006
PM 19689093
ER
PT J
AU Singh, AP
Luthria, D
Wilson, T
Vorsa, N
Singh, V
Banuelos, GS
Pasakdee, S
AF Singh, Ajay P.
Luthria, Devanand
Wilson, Ted
Vorsa, Nicholi
Singh, Vartika
Banuelos, Gary S.
Pasakdee, Sajeemas
TI Polyphenols content and antioxidant capacity of eggplant pulp
SO FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.); Polyphenols; LDL antioxidant activity;
Conventional and organic; HPLC and LC-MS analysis
ID SAMPLE PREPARATION; SOLANUM-MELONGENA; EXTRACTION; ISOFLAVONES;
VEGETABLES; PHENOLICS; OXIDATION; FRUITS; FOODS; ACIDS
AB The influence of organic and conventional farming practices on the phenolic content in eggplant samples belonging to two cultivars, Blackbell (American eggplant) and Millionaire Japanese eggplant) grown under similar environmental conditions was evaluated. Phytochemical investigation of the eggplant extracts showed that N-caffeoylputrescine, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, and 3-acetyl-5-caffeoylquinic acid made up the bulk of total eggplant phenolics. In addition, this is the first report on identification of trace quantities of three additional flavonols, namely, quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, and myricetin-3-galactoside in freeze-dried eggplant pulp. The phenolic content of the conventionally grown Blackbell variety was marginally higher or equal to those grown organically. However, the phenolic content of the Millionaire organic variety was much greater than the conventionally grown samples. Eggplant extract inhibition of cupric-ion mediated oxidation of low-density lipoproteins was highly correlated with the content of 5-caffeolquinic acid (R(2)=0.9124), the most abundant phenolic acid identified. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Luthria, Devanand] USDA, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Singh, Ajay P.; Vorsa, Nicholi; Singh, Vartika] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Wilson, Ted] Winona State Univ, Dept Biol, Winona, MN 55987 USA.
[Banuelos, Gary S.; Pasakdee, Sajeemas] ARS, Water Management Res Lab, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
RP Luthria, D (reprint author), USDA, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 161 BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM D.Luthria@ars.usda.gov
FU Rutgers New Jersey Agriculture and Experimental Station; NIH
[5R01AT002058]
FX The authors would like to thank Ms.A.J. Kalk for assisting with the
characterisation of antioxidant properties and Dr. T. Hooks for his
assistance in statistical analysis. The authors also acknowledge the
funding from the Rutgers New Jersey Agriculture and Experimental Station
and NIH NCCAM 5R01AT002058. We also appreciate the eggplant samples
provided by Tom and Denice Willey from T/D Willey Farms and Israel
Alvarez Farms.
NR 22
TC 57
Z9 64
U1 3
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-8146
J9 FOOD CHEM
JI Food Chem.
PD JUN 1
PY 2009
VL 114
IS 3
BP 955
EP 961
DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.10.048
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 419ZS
UT WOS:000264258800027
ER
PT J
AU Gurtler, JB
Conner, DE
AF Gurtler, Joshua B.
Conner, Donald E.
TI Survival and Growth of Salmonella Enteritidis in Liquid Egg Products
Varying by Temperature, Product Composition, and Carbon Dioxide
Concentration
SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID EXPERIMENTALLY INOCULATED EGGS; GRADE-A EGGS; SHELL EGGS; VITELLINE
MEMBRANE; STORAGE-CONDITIONS; HATCHING EGGS; FOOD SAFETY; WHOLE EGG;
ALBUMIN; HENS
AB Cryogenic cooling of shell eggs with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) is known to improve egg content quality through rapid cooling as well as by increasing internal CO(2) levels. A study was undertaken to determine the effects of variations in atmospheric CO(2) concentrations (aerobically stored, flushed with CO(2) and sealed, or bubbled with CO(2)) on the survival and growth of Salmonella Enteritidis in liquid egg products including whole egg, albumen, yolk, and albumen +1% yolk. Egg products were inoculated with a three-strain composite of Salmonella Enteritidis at ca. 4 log colony-forming units (CFU)/mL and stored at 7 degrees C or 10 degrees C for 8 or 4 days, respectively, or at ca. 2 log CFU/mL and stored at 23 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 48 or 24 hours, respectively. Salmonella populations differed based on variations in liquid egg composition (p < 0.05). Manipulating the atmospheric concentrations of CO2 in which liquid egg products were stored did not significantly inhibit the growth of Salmonella Enteritidis (p > 0.05) in yolk-containing egg products or affect the inhibitory activity of albumen-containing products. Populations of Salmonella were static at 7 degrees C over the entire storage period and significant growth occurred in whole egg and yolk stored at 10 degrees C. Populations in egg stored at 23 degrees C and 37 degrees C were greater in yolk than in whole egg, although whole egg had populations greater than in albumen or albumen +1% yolk (p < 0.05). Results of this investigation suggest that increasing atmospheric CO(2) to enhance egg quality should not promote the growth of Salmonella Enteritidis in eggs.
C1 [Gurtler, Joshua B.] Agr Res Serv, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, N Atlantic Area, Eastern Reg Res Ctr,USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
[Conner, Donald E.] Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Poultry Prod Safety & Qual Peak Excellence Progra, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Gurtler, JB (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, N Atlantic Area, Eastern Reg Res Ctr,USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM joshua.gurtler@ars.usda.gov
FU Praxair, Inc.
FX The authors express their appreciation to Praxair, Inc. ( Burr Ridge,
IL) for funding this research, to John Phillips and Michael Davis for
assistance with statistical analysis, and to Bassam Annous, Tony Jin,
and Howard Q. Zhang for carefully critiquing this manuscript. Many
thanks to Ms. Amanda Smelser for assistance with references. Mention of
trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the
purpose of providing specific information and does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 8
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1535-3141
J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS
JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 5
BP 561
EP 567
DI 10.1089/fpd.2008.0202
PG 7
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 459GR
UT WOS:000267090100007
PM 19388831
ER
PT J
AU Fratamico, PM
DebRoy, C
Miyamoto, T
Liu, YH
AF Fratamico, Pina M.
DebRoy, Chitrita
Miyamoto, Takahisa
Liu, Yanhong
TI PCR Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O145 in Food by
Targeting Genes in the E. coli O145 O-Antigen Gene Cluster and the Shiga
Toxin 1 and Shiga Toxin 2 Genes
SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFICATION; O26;
INFECTIONS; GERMANY; O111; O103; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE
AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains belonging to serogroup O145 are an important cause of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome worldwide. Cattle and other animals are potential reservoirs for this pathogen. To develop PCR assays for detection and identification of E. coli O145, the wzx (O-antigen flippase) and wzy (O-antigen polymerase) genes in the O145 O-antigen gene cluster that are specific for this serogroup were selected as targets. Oligonucleotide primers complementary to regions in the E. coli O145 wzx and wzy genes were designed to perform PCR assays with DNA from strains of E. coli O145, non-O145 E. coli serogroups, and other bacterial genera. The assays were highly specific for E. coli O145. A multiplex PCR assay targeting the E. coli O145 wzx and wzy genes and the Shiga toxin 1 (stx(1)) and Shiga toxin 2 (stx(2)) genes and a real-time multiplex PCR assay targeting the O145 wzy, stx(1), and stx(2) genes were developed for detection of STEC O145. The assays were used for detecting STEC O145 in seeded ground beef, lettuce, and raw milk initially inoculated with ca. 2, 20, or 200 CFU/25 g or 25 mL after 8 or 20 h of enrichment at 42 degrees C in modified EC broth containing 20 mg/L of novobiocin. STEC O145 was detected in all samples inoculated with 2 CFU/25 g or 25 mL. The detection limit of the multiplex PCR assays was <= 7.9 x 10(4) CFU/mL, which corresponded to <= 400 CFU/PCR reaction. The PCR assays can be employed to identify enterohemorrhagic E. coli serogroup O145 and to detect low levels of the pathogen in food.
C1 [Fratamico, Pina M.; Liu, Yanhong] Agr Res Serv, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
[DebRoy, Chitrita] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, E Coli Reference Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Miyamoto, Takahisa] Kyushu Univ, Lab Food Hyg Chem, Hakozaki, Japan.
RP Fratamico, PM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov
NR 36
TC 34
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 3
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1535-3141
J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS
JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 6
IS 5
BP 605
EP 611
DI 10.1089/fpd.2008.0254
PG 7
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 459GR
UT WOS:000267090100012
PM 19435408
ER
PT J
AU Eckhardt, LG
Menard, RD
Gray, ED
AF Eckhardt, L. G.
Menard, R. D.
Gray, E. D.
TI Effects of oleoresins and monoterpenes on in vitro growth of fungi
associated with pine decline in the Southern United States
SO FOREST PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOBLOLLY-PINE; BEETLE; DEFENSE; RESISTANCE; INFECTION; CONIFERS; ATTACK;
4-ALLYLANISOLE; MECHANISMS; COMPLEX
AB As a means of exploring pine resistance to root disease and declines, the effects of host plant secondary metabolites on the growth of root colonizing fungi associated with three diseases/declines of southern pines - loblolly pine decline, littleleaf disease and annosum root rot were tested. The associated fungi -Leptographium huntii, L. serpens, L. terebrantis, L. procerum, Heterobasidion annosum and Phytophthora cinnamomi- were grown in saturated atmospheres or in direct contact with, pure monoterpenes and crude oleoresin collected from the four southern pines (Pinus taeda, P. eschinata, P. palustris and P. elliotti) for 7 day. Fungal growth was measured at 3, 5 and 7 day. Root-infecting fungi differed significantly in sensitivity to crude oleoresin and pure monoterpenes. All fungi tested were inhibited, to some extent, by the resins tested. H. annosum and P. cinnamomi were strongly inhibited by all the monoterpenes tested. The ophiostomatoid fungi were significantly less affected by the compounds tested. L. huntii and L. serpens were less inhibited by monoterpenes than either L. terebrantis or L. procerum. These fungal growth studies show that the kind and amount of secondary metabolite produced by the host plant have a profound effect on tree pathogens. Alterations of tree physiology may have implications for defenses against tree pathogens as well as to the ecology and management of forest ecosystems. Difference in incidence of root disease observed in the field may be explained by the ability of the fungus to tolerate these host defense mechanisms.
C1 [Eckhardt, L. G.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Forest Hlth Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Menard, R. D.] US Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA.
[Gray, E. D.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Louisiana Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Eckhardt, LG (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Forest Hlth Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM eckhalg@auburn.edu
NR 39
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1437-4781
J9 FOREST PATHOL
JI Forest Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 3
BP 157
EP 167
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2008.00570.x
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 453TX
UT WOS:000266636900002
ER
PT J
AU Kearns, HSJ
Jacobi, WR
Geils, BW
AF Kearns, Holly S. J.
Jacobi, William R.
Geils, Brian W.
TI A method for estimating white pine blister rust canker age on limber
pine in the central Rocky Mountains
SO FOREST PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CRONARTIUM RIBICOLA CANKERS; MONTICOLA; GROWTH; SEEDLINGS; INFECTION;
FUSIFORME; IDAHO; FUNGI
AB Epidemiological studies of white pine blister rust on limber pine require a temporal component to explain variations in incidence of infection and mortality. Unfortunately, it is not known how long the pathogen has been present at various sites in the central Rocky Mountains of North America. Canker age, computed from canker length and average expansion rate, can be used to estimate infestation origin and infection frequency. To investigate relationships between canker lengths and canker ages for limber pine, we collected live white pine blister rust branch and stem cankers from three locations in Wyoming and two locations in Colorado. We quantified relationships between various measures of canker length and an estimate of canker age based on dendrochronological analysis. Total branch canker length was strongly, negatively correlated (r = -0.79) with the first year of incomplete, annual ring formation (canker age). Mean longitudinal canker expansion rate was 8.4 cm year(-1) for branch and stem cankers where branches distal to the canker were either dead or alive. Annual longitudinal canker expansion, however, was significantly greater on a stem or branch where the portion distal to the canker was alive (11.5 cm year(-1)) rather than dead (7.1 cm year(-1)). For branches or stems, proximal expansion rate (i.e., toward or down stem) averaged 4.9 cm year(-1). The circumferential canker expansion rate (around branch or stem) was greater for stem cankers (8.3 cm year(-1)) than for branch cankers (6.2 cm year(-1)). Additional site and host tree covariates did not improve prediction of canker age. Two simple linear equations were developed to estimate a canker age from total length of a canker with the distal portion either alive or dead. An appropriate sample of canker ages can be used to determine how long a limber pine stand has been infested with white pine blister rust and how frequently infections have occurred.
C1 [Kearns, Holly S. J.; Jacobi, William R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kearns, Holly S. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA.
[Geils, Brian W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Jacobi, WR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM william.jacobi@colostate.edu
FU USDA Forest Service Special Development and Technology Program; USDA
Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Colorado Agricultural
Experiment Station
FX Funding and support for this project was provided by the USDA Forest
Service Special Development and Technology Program, USDA Forest Service
Rocky Mountain Research Station, and the Colorado Agricultural
Experiment Station. We recognize the contributions of Betsy Goodrich,
Brian Haines, Kelly Mogab, Melodie Moss, Celeste Park, Jason Watkins,
Robert Flynn, John Lundquist, Robin Reich, Bill Romme, Jim zumBrunnen,
(Franklin A. Graybill Statistical Laboratory), Jim Hoffman, Anna
Schoettle, and John Schwandt. In addition, USDA Forest Service personnel
from the Medicine Bow, Roosevelt, and Shoshone National Forests; William
Mack and Don Whyde (Bureau of Land Management), provided assistance.
Helpful reviews of early versions of the manuscript were provided by
Howard Schwartz, Michael Marsden, and John Schwandt. We appreciate
suggestions provided by the anonymous reviewers and the editors.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1437-4781
J9 FOREST PATHOL
JI Forest Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 3
BP 177
EP 191
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2008.00575.x
PG 15
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 453TX
UT WOS:000266636900004
ER
PT J
AU Finney, M
Grenfell, IC
McHugh, CW
AF Finney, Mark
Grenfell, Isaac C.
McHugh, Charles W.
TI Modeling Containment of Large Wildfires Using Generalized Linear
Mixed-Model Analysis
SO FOREST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE wildfire containment; large wildfires; fire suppression; generalized
linear mixed models
ID INITIAL-ATTACK; FIRE SUPPRESSION; BOREAL FOREST/; WILDLAND FIRES;
MANAGEMENT; SIMULATION; REEXAMINATION; RATES
AB Billions of dollars are spent annually in the United States to contain large wildland fires, but the factors contributing to suppression success remain poorly understood. We used a regression model (generalized linear mixed-model) to model containment probability of individual fires, assuming that containment was a repeated-measures problem (fixed effect) and individual fires were random effects. Changes in daily fire size from 306 fires occurring in years 2001-2005 were processed to identify intervals of high spread from those of low spread. The model was tested against independent data from 140 fires in 2006. The analysis suggested that containment was positively related to the number of consecutive days during which the fire grew little and the number of previous intervals. Containment probability was negatively related to the length of intervals during which the fire exhibited high spread and the presence of timber fuel types, but fire size was not a significant predictor. Characterization of containment probability may be a useful component of cost-benefit analysis of large fire management and planning systems. FOR. SCI. 55(3):249-255.
C1 [Finney, Mark] US Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA.
[McHugh, Charles W.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Finney, M (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Highway 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA.
EM mfinney@fs.fed.us; igrenfell@gmail.com; cmchugh@fs.fed.us
NR 37
TC 48
Z9 51
U1 2
U2 15
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0015-749X
J9 FOREST SCI
JI For. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 55
IS 3
BP 249
EP 255
PG 7
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 454VG
UT WOS:000266710400007
ER
PT J
AU Walbridge, MR
AF Walbridge, Mark R.
TI Ecology, agriculture, and sustainability
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USDA, Res Educ & Extens Off, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
RP Walbridge, MR (reprint author), USDA, Res Educ & Extens Off, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 7
IS 5
BP 231
EP 231
DI 10.1890/1540-9295-7.5.231
PG 1
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 456SV
UT WOS:000266869700001
ER
PT J
AU Krahl, J
Knothe, G
Munack, A
Ruschel, Y
Schroder, O
Hallier, E
Westphal, G
Bunger, J
AF Krahl, Juergen
Knothe, Gerhard
Munack, Axel
Ruschel, Yvonne
Schroeder, Olaf
Hallier, Ernst
Westphal, Goetz
Buenger, Juergen
TI Comparison of exhaust emissions and their mutagenicity from the
combustion of biodiesel, vegetable oil, gas-to-liquid and petrodiesel
fuels
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiesel; Diesel exhaust emissions; Diesel fuel; Mutagenicity;
Vegetable oil
ID OXIDATION CATALYTIC-CONVERTER; DIESEL-ENGINE EMISSIONS; BIOFUELS; FOSSIL
AB Efforts are under way to reduce diesel engine emissions (DEE) and their content of carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Previously, we observed reduced PAH emissions and DEE mutagenicity caused by reformulated or newly developed fuels. The use of rapeseed oil as diesel engine fuel is growing in German transportation businesses and agriculture. We now compared the mutagenic effects of DEE from rapeseed oil (RSO), rapeseed methyl ester (RME, biodiesel), natural gas-derived synthetic fuel (gas-to-liquid, GTL), and a reference petrodiesel fuel (DF) generated by a heavy-duty truck diesel engine using the European Stationary Cycle. Mutagenicity of the particle extracts and the condensates was tested using the Salmonella typhimurium mammalian microsome assay with strains TA98 and TA100. The RSO particle extracts increased the mutagenic effects by factors of 9.7 up to 17 in strain TA98 and of 5.4 up to 6.4 in strain TA100 compared with the reference DF. The RSO condensates caused up to three times stronger mutagenicity than the reference fuel. RME extracts had a moderate but significantly higher mutagenic response in assays of TA98 with metabolic activation and TA100 without metabolic activation. GTL samples did not differ significantly from DF. Regulated emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides (NO.), and particulate matter) remained below the limits except for an increase in NO, exhaust emissions of up to 15% from the tested biofuels. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Knothe, Gerhard] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Krahl, Juergen] Coburg Univ Appl Sci, D-96406 Coburg, Germany.
[Munack, Axel; Ruschel, Yvonne; Schroeder, Olaf] Fed Res Inst Rural Areas Forestry & Fisheries, Johann Heinrich von Thunen Inst, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Hallier, Ernst] Univ Gottingen, Inst Occupat & Social Med, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany.
[Westphal, Goetz; Buenger, Juergen] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Res Inst Occupat Med, BGFA, D-44789 Bochum, Germany.
RP Knothe, G (reprint author), USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov
NR 29
TC 60
Z9 64
U1 4
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 88
IS 6
BP 1064
EP 1069
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.11.015
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 423BL
UT WOS:000264471300014
ER
PT J
AU Suarez, PAZ
Moser, BR
Sharma, BK
Erhan, SZ
AF Suarez, Paulo A. Z.
Moser, Bryan R.
Sharma, Brajendra K.
Erhan, Sevim Z.
TI Comparing the lubricity of biofuels obtained from pyrolysis and
alcoholysis of soybean oil and their blends with petroleum diesel
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Lubricity; Viscosity; Biobased fuels; Pyrolysis; Transesterification
ID ACROCOMIA-SCLEROCARPA M; VEGETABLE-OILS; METAL-CATALYSTS; METHYL-ESTERS;
CANOLA OIL; TRANSESTERIFICATION; BIODIESEL; FUEL; BRAZIL; GC/MS
AB A diesel-like fuel, pyrodiesel (PD), was synthesized by a pyrolysis method using soybean oil as starting material. Some physical properties of the material were studied, both neat and in blends with high-sulfur (HSD) and low-sulfur (LSD) diesel fuels, and compared with blends of biodiesel (BD) in fossil fuels. it was observed using different methods that the lubricity of biobased fuels obtained after the transesterification or pyrolysis of soybean oil is superior to LSD and HSD and also that the lubricity of diesel fuels are enhanced when either BD or PD are added. Based on the results reported herein, PD is a viable alternative to BD for use in compression-ignition engines. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Suarez, Paulo A. Z.; Moser, Bryan R.; Sharma, Brajendra K.; Erhan, Sevim Z.] ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Sharma, Brajendra K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Suarez, PAZ (reprint author), Univ Brasilia, LMC IQ, CP 4478, BR-70919970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
EM psuarez@unb.br; Sevim.erhan@ars.usda.gov
RI Catalise, Inct/K-2293-2013
FU CNPq
FX We would like to acknowledge Richard H. Henz and Benetria Banks for
excellent technical assistance. PAZS also thanks CNPq for a research
fellowship.
NR 35
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 88
IS 6
BP 1143
EP 1147
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.11.017
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 423BL
UT WOS:000264471300024
ER
PT J
AU Wallace, TP
Bowman, D
Campbell, BT
Chee, P
Gutierrez, OA
Kohel, RJ
McCarty, J
Myers, G
Percy, R
Robinson, F
Smith, W
Stelly, DM
Stewart, JM
Thaxton, P
Ulloa, M
Weaver, DB
AF Wallace, T. P.
Bowman, D.
Campbell, B. T.
Chee, P.
Gutierrez, O. A.
Kohel, R. J.
McCarty, J.
Myers, G.
Percy, R.
Robinson, F.
Smith, W.
Stelly, D. M.
Stewart, J. M.
Thaxton, P.
Ulloa, M.
Weaver, D. B.
TI Status of the USA cotton germplasm collection and crop vulnerability
SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Cotton; Crop vulnerability; Germplasm collection and evaluation;
Gossypium; National plant germplasm system; Taxonomy
ID IMPROVED FIBER LENGTH; LEAF CURL DISEASE; UPLAND COTTON; GENETIC
DIVERSITY; HIGH-YIELD; REGISTRATION; LINES; CULTIVARS; STRENGTH
AB The National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) is a cooperative effort among State, Federal and Private organizations aimed at preserving one of agriculture's greatest assets: plant genetic diversity. The NPGS serves the scientific community by collecting, storing, and distributing germplasm as well as maintaining a searchable database of trait descriptors. Serving the NPGS, a Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC) is elected for each crop and is comprised of a group of scientists concerned with development, maintenance, characterization, and utilization of germplasm collections. Each CGC serves in an advisory role and provides a status report every seven years to determine scientific efforts, adequacy of germplasm base representation, and progress in breeding through utilization of germplasm. In addition, each committee can call attention to areas of concerns regarding facilities and staffing associated with the maintenance, collection, and taxonomic activities for a specific crop within the system. The following report was developed by the CGC for cotton and provides a record of collections, activities, concerns, crop vulnerabilities, and recommendations associated with the cotton collection for the period 1997-2005. Information provided within this document is a much expanded and detailed description of a report provided to the NPGS and includes the most exhaustive citation of germplasm depositions and research activity descriptions available anywhere in the USA for this time period. This documentation will be a valuable resource to breeders, geneticists, and taxonomists with an interest in this important food and fiber crop.
C1 [Wallace, T. P.; Gutierrez, O. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Bowman, D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Campbell, B. T.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA.
[Chee, P.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Kohel, R. J.; Percy, R.] ARS, USDA, Crop Germplasm Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[McCarty, J.] ARS, USDA, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Myers, G.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Robinson, F.] ARS, USDA, Cotton Pathol Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Smith, W.; Stelly, D. M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Stewart, J. M.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Thaxton, P.] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Ulloa, M.] ARS, USDA, Western Integrated Cropping Syst Res Unit, Shafter, CA 93263 USA.
[Weaver, D. B.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Wallace, TP (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, POB 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM twallace@pss.msstate.edu
OI Bowman, Daryl T./0000-0001-6623-4035; Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119
FU Cotton Incorporated, USA
FX Many if not most of the projects included in this report have been
supported in part by Cotton Incorporated, USA.
NR 72
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-9864
EI 1573-5109
J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV
JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 56
IS 4
BP 507
EP 532
DI 10.1007/s10722-008-9382-2
PG 26
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 442CY
UT WOS:000265818700006
ER
PT J
AU Jannink, JL
Moreau, L
Charmet, G
Charcosset, A
AF Jannink, Jean-Luc
Moreau, Laurence
Charmet, Gilles
Charcosset, Alain
TI Overview of QTL detection in plants and tests for synergistic epistatic
interactions
SO GENETICA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Conference of Quantitative Genetics
CY AUG 18-24, 2007
CL Zheijiang Univ, Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Zheijiang Univ
DE QTL mating designs; Synergistic epistasis
ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION;
GENETIC-VARIATION; ALLELIC NUMBER; LINE CROSSES; LINKAGE MAP;
BREAD-WHEAT; ROBUSTNESS; COMPLEXITY
AB Improvements in the usefulness of QTL analysis arise from better statistical methods applied to the problem, ability to analyze more complex mating designs, and the fitting of less simplified genetic models. Here we review the advantages of different plant mating designs in QTL analysis and conclude that diallel designs have several favorable properties. We then turn to the detection of systematic genome-wide synergistic epistasis. This form of epistasis has important implications from evolutionary (maintenance of sexual reproduction and concealment of cryptic genetic variation) and practical perspectives (response to pyramided favorable alleles). We develop two methods for detecting systematic synergistic epistasis, one based on analyzing interactions between locus effects and predicted individual genotypic values and one based on analyzing pairwise locus interactions. Using the first method we detect synergistic epistasis in a barley and a wheat dataset but not in a maize dataset. We fail to detect synergistic epistasis with the second method. We discuss our results in the light of theoretical questions concerning the mechanisms of synergistic epistasis.
C1 [Jannink, Jean-Luc] USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Moreau, Laurence; Charcosset, Alain] CNRS, INAPG, UPS, INRA,Stn Genet Vegetale, F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Charmet, Gilles] UBP, INRA, UMR 1095, F-63039 Clermont Ferrand, France.
RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-6707
J9 GENETICA
JI Genetica
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 136
IS 2
BP 225
EP 236
DI 10.1007/s10709-008-9306-2
PG 12
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 442DA
UT WOS:000265818900003
PM 18695990
ER
PT J
AU Huang, L
Brooks, S
Li, WL
Fellers, J
Nelson, JC
Gill, B
AF Huang, Li
Brooks, Steven
Li, Wanlong
Fellers, John
Nelson, James C.
Gill, Bikram
TI Evolution of New Disease Specificity at a Simple Resistance Locus in a
Crop-Weed Complex: Reconstitution of the Lr21 Gene in Wheat
SO GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAF RUST RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; AEGILOPS-SQUARROSA;
HEXAPLOID WHEAT; POLYPLOID WHEAT; POLYMORPHISM; EXPRESSION; SELECTION;
TAUSCHII; REGIONS
AB The wheat. leaf-rust resistance gene Lr21 was first identified in air Iranian accession of goatgrass, Aegilops tauschii Coss., the D-genome donor of hexaploid bread wheat, and was introgressed into modern wheat cultivars by breeding. To elucidate tire origin of the gene, we analyzed sequences of Lr21 and lr21 alleles from 24 wheat cultivars and 25 accessions of Ae. tauschii collected along the Caspian Sea in Iran and Azerbaijan. Three basic nonfunctional lr21 haplotypes, H1, H2, and H3, were identified. Lr21 was found to be a chimera of H1 and H2, which were found only in wheat. We attempted to reconstitute a functional Lr21 allele by crossing the cultivars Fielder (H1) and Wichita (H2). Rust inoculation of 5876 F(2) progeny revealed a single resistant plant that proved to carry the H1H2 haplotype, a result attributed to intragenic recombination. These findings reflect. how plants balance the penalty and the necessity of a resistance gene and suggest that plants can reuse "dead" alleles to generate new disease-resistance specificity, leading to a "death-recycle" model of plant-resistance gene evolution at simple loci. We suggest that selection pressure in crop-weed complexes contributes to this process.
C1 [Li, Wanlong; Gill, Bikram] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Fellers, John] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Brooks, Steven] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
[Huang, Li] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Gill, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM bsgill@ksu.edu
FU Kansas Wheat Commission; U. S. Department of Agriculture-Cooperative
State Research, Education, and Extension Service; Wheat Genetic and
Genomic Resources Center; Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station,
Manhattan, Kansas [07-305-J]
FX We are grateful to Scot. Hulbert, Frank White, and Eduard Akhunov for
Critical review of the. manuscript. This research was supported by the
Kansas Wheat Commission and a U. S. Department of
Agriculture-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service
special grant to the Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center. This is
contribution 07-305-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station,
Manhattan, Kansas.
NR 22
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU GENETICS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 USA
SN 0016-6731
J9 GENETICS
JI Genetics
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 182
IS 2
BP 595
EP 602
DI 10.1534/genetics.108.099614
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 499IY
UT WOS:000270213900017
PM 19364806
ER
PT J
AU Wanjugi, H
Coleman-Derr, D
Huo, NX
Kianian, SF
Luo, MC
Wu, JJ
Anderson, O
Gu, YQ
AF Wanjugi, Humphrey
Coleman-Derr, Devin
Huo, Naxin
Kianian, Shahryar F.
Luo, Ming-Cheng
Wu, Jiajie
Anderson, Olin
Gu, Yong Qiang
TI Rapid development of PCR-based genome-specific repetitive DNA junction
markers in wheat
SO GENOME
LA English
DT Article
DE wheat genome; genome-specific marker; repeat DNA junction;
retrotransposon; genetic and physical mapping
ID GENE-RICH REGIONS; BREAD WHEAT; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; MOLECULAR MARKERS;
POLYPLOID WHEAT; CHROMOSOME 3B; S-SAP; SEQUENCE; EVOLUTION; MAP
AB In hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (AABBDD, C = 17 000 Mb), repeat DNA accounts for similar to 90% of the genome, of which transposable elements (TEs) constitute 60%-80%. Despite the dynamic evolution of TEs, our previous study indicated that the majority of TEs are conserved and collinear between the homologous wheat genomes, based on identical insertion patterns. In this study, we exploited the unique and abundant TE insertion junction regions identified from diploid Aegilops tauschii to develop genome-specific repeat DNA junction markers (RJM) for use in hexaploid wheat. In this study, both BAC end and random shotgun sequences were used to search for RJM. Of the 300 RJM primer pairs tested, 269 (90%) amplified single bands from diploid Ae. tauschii. Of these 269 primer pairs, 260 (97%) amplified hexaploid wheat and 9 (3%) amplified Ae. tauschii only. Among the RJM primers that amplified hexaploid wheat, 88% were successfully assigned to individual chromosomes of the hexaploid D genome. Among the 38 RJM primers mapped on chromosome 6D, 31 (82%) were unambiguously mapped to delineated bins of the chromosome using various wheat deletion lines. Our results suggest that the unique RJM derived from the diploid D genome could facilitate genetic, physical, and radiation mapping of the hexaploid wheat D genome.
C1 [Wanjugi, Humphrey; Coleman-Derr, Devin; Huo, Naxin; Anderson, Olin; Gu, Yong Qiang] USDA ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
[Kianian, Shahryar F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Luo, Ming-Cheng; Wu, Jiajie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Gu, YQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM Yong.Gu@ars.usda.gov
RI Luo, Ming-Cheng/C-5600-2011
FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
CRIS [532502100-011]
FX We thank William Belknap for critical reading of the manuscript. This
work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture,
Agricultural Research Service CRIS No. 532502100-011. The custom Perl
script used in this study to generate RJM primers is available upon
request.
NR 46
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 7
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0831-2796
EI 1480-3321
J9 GENOME
JI Genome
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 6
BP 576
EP 587
DI 10.1139/G09-033
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 453SM
UT WOS:000266632000008
PM 19483776
ER
PT J
AU Hauer, K
Meisinger, DB
Pavlekovic, M
Thomas, SH
Kniggendorf, AK
Chee-Sanford, J
Sanford, R
Lebron, CA
Liebl, W
Loeffler, FE
Lee, NM
AF Hauer, K.
Meisinger, D. B.
Pavlekovic, M.
Thomas, S. H.
Kniggendorf, A. K.
Chee-Sanford, J.
Sanford, R.
Lebron, C. A.
Liebl, W.
Loeffler, F. E.
Lee, N. M.
TI Novel tools for in situ detection of biodiversity and function of
dechlorinating and uranium-reducing bacteria in contaminated
environments
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 19th Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference
CY JUN 21, 2009
CL Davos, SWITZERLAND
C1 [Hauer, K.; Meisinger, D. B.; Pavlekovic, M.; Liebl, W.; Lee, N. M.] Tech Univ Munich, D-8050 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.
[Thomas, S. H.; Loeffler, F. E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Kniggendorf, A. K.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
[Chee-Sanford, J.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA.
[Sanford, R.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Lebron, C. A.] NFESC, Port Hueneme, CA USA.
EM kniggendorf@biophysik.uni-hannover.de; cheesanf@uiuc.edu;
rsanford@uiuc.edu; carmen.lebron@navy.mil; frank.loeffler@ce.gatech.edu;
nlee@msecol.net
RI Kniggendorf, Ann-Kathrin/E-6154-2013; Loeffler, Frank/M-8216-2013;
Liebl, Wolfgang/D-3766-2014
OI Liebl, Wolfgang/0000-0002-8421-2478
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 13
BP A502
EP A502
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 460YS
UT WOS:000267229901236
ER
PT J
AU Marin-Spiotta, E
Silver, WL
Swanston, CW
Ostertag, R
AF Marin-Spiotta, Erika
Silver, Whendee L.
Swanston, Christopher W.
Ostertag, Rebecca
TI Soil organic matter dynamics during 80 years of reforestation of
tropical pastures
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE carbon-13; density fractionation; nitrogen-15; Puerto Rico; secondary
forests; succession
ID LAND-USE CHANGE; CARBON FOLLOWING AFFORESTATION; SECONDARY FOREST
SUCCESSION; C-13 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; PUERTO-RICO; COSTA-RICA; DENSITY
FRACTIONS; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; EASTERN AMAZONIA
AB Our research takes advantage of a historical trend in natural reforestation of abandoned tropical pastures to examine changes in soil carbon (C) during 80 years of secondary forest regrowth. We combined a chronosequence approach with differences in the natural abundance of (13)C between C3 (forest) and C4 (pasture) plants to estimate turnover times of C in the bulk soil and in density fractions. Overall, gains in secondary forest C were compensated for by the loss of residual pasture-derived soil C, resulting in no net change in bulk soil C stocks down to 1 m depth over the chronosequence. The free light fraction (LF), representing physically unprotected particulate organic matter, was most sensitive to land-use change. Reforestation replenished C in the free LF that had been depleted during conversion to pastures. Turnover times varied with model choice, but in general, soil C cycling rates were rapid for the 0-10 cm depth, with even the heavy fraction (HF) containing C cycling in decadal time scales. Turnover times of C in the free LF from the 0-10 cm depth were shorter than for the occluded and HFs, highlighting the importance of physical location in the soil matrix for residence time in the soil. The majority of the soil C pool (82 +/- 21%) was recovered in the mineral-associated density fraction. Carbon-to-nitrogen ratios and differences in natural abundance (15)N of soil organic matter (SOM) showed an increasing degree of decomposition across density fractions with increasing mineral association. Our data show that the physical distribution of C in the soil has a large impact on soil C turnover and the ability of soils to maintain SOM stocks during land-use and land-cover change.
C1 [Marin-Spiotta, Erika; Silver, Whendee L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Swanston, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Ostertag, Rebecca] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Marin-Spiotta, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, 1832 Ellison Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM ems@geog.ucsb.edu
RI Silver, Whendee/H-1118-2012; Ostertag, Rebecca/B-1756-2013;
OI Marin-Spiotta, Erika/0000-0001-7343-9354
FU NSF [DEB-0129104]; USDA International Institute of Tropical Forestry
(IITF); DOE GCEP; UCRP Mini-Grant; NASA IRA through UPR-ITES; University
of California [W-7405-Eng-48]; [BSR-8811902]; [DEB-9411973];
[DEB-008538]; [DEB-0218039]
FX This research was supported primarily by NSF grant DEB-0129104 to
W.L.S., and in part by BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-008538, and
DEB-0218039 to the Institute of Tropical Ecosystem Studies (ITES),
University of Puerto Rico (UPR), and USDA International Institute of
Tropical Forestry (IITF) as part of the LTER Program in the Luquillo
Experimental Forest. Additional funding and support was provided by DOE
GCEP (E.M.S.), a UCRP Mini-Grant (E.M.S. and C.W.S.), and NASA IRA
through UPR-ITES. This work was performed in part under the California
Agricultural Experiment Station project 7069-MS (WLS), and under the
auspices of the US DOE by University of California and LLNL under
Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48. We thank T.M. Aide, J.B. Pascarella, and
J.K. Zimmerman, landowners, and neighbors for site access. Logistical
field support was provided by F.N. Scatena and A.E. Lugo, USDA-IITF, the
Res. Estuarina de Bahia de Jobos, the Res. For. de Carite, and
UPR-Cayey. We thank P. Brooks and S. Mambelli in the isotope laboratory
and M.S. Torn for her generous loan of laboratory space at LBNL. The
following provided laboratory and field help: Y.Z. Cao, W. Chou, J.
Chung, D. Farmer, M. Flores-Mangual, C. Hong, A. Kamler, S. Moya, Y.
Paredes, K. Shamieh, H. Sierra-Roque, A. Silverberg, G.E. Spiotta, A.L.
Spiotta, Y.A. Teh, A.W. Thompson, C. TorrEns, and B. Zoeckler. We thank
A.W. Thompson for textural analyses. This manuscript was much improved
with the helpful comments of E.A Davidson and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 108
TC 85
Z9 89
U1 12
U2 111
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 6
BP 1584
EP 1597
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01805.x
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 441LU
UT WOS:000265771400018
ER
PT J
AU Lam, E
Shine, J
Da Silva, J
Lawton, M
Bonos, S
Calvino, M
Carrer, H
Silva-Filho, MC
Glynn, N
Helsel, Z
Ma, J
Richard, E
Souza, GM
Ming, R
AF Lam, Eric
Shine, James, Jr.
Da Silva, Jorge
Lawton, Michael
Bonos, Stacy
Calvino, Martin
Carrer, Helaine
Silva-Filho, Marcio C.
Glynn, Neil
Helsel, Zane
Ma, Jiong
Richard, Edward, Jr.
Souza, Glaucia Mendes
Ming, Ray
TI Improving sugarcane for biofuel: engineering for an even better
feedstock
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Genetic engineering; Flex-stock; Mix-stock; Sugarcane improvement
ID SEQUENCE
AB Sugarcane is a proven biofuel feedstock and accounts for about 40% of the biofuel production worldwide. It has a more favorable energy input/output ratio than that of corn, the other major biofuel feedstock. The rich resource of genetic diversity and the plasticity of autopolyploid genomes offer a wealth of opportunities for the application of genomics and technologies to address fundamental questions in sugarcane towards maximizing biomass production. In a workshop on sugarcane engineering held at Rutgers University, we identified research areas and emerging technologies that could have significant impact on sugarcane improvement. Traditional plant physiological studies and standardized phenotypic characterization of sugarcane are essential for dissecting the developmental processes and patterns of gene expression in this complex polyploid species. Breeder friendly DNA markers associated with target traits will enhance selection efficiency and shorten the long breeding cycles. Integration of cold tolerance from Saccharum spontaneum and Miscanthus has the potential to expand the geographical range of sugarcane production from tropical and subtropical regions to temperate zones. The Flex-stock and mix-stock concepts could be solutions for sustaining local biorefineries where no single biofuel feedstock could provide consistent year-round supplies. The ever increasing capacities of genomics and biotechnologies pave the way for fully exploring these potentials to optimize sugarcane for biofuel production.
C1 [Lam, Eric; Lawton, Michael; Ma, Jiong] Rutgers State Univ, Biotechnol Ctr Agr & Environm, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Shine, James, Jr.] Sugarcane Growers Cooperat Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA.
[Da Silva, Jorge] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
[Bonos, Stacy; Helsel, Zane] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Calvino, Martin] Rutgers State Univ, Waksman Inst Microbiol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Carrer, Helaine] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Escola Super Agr Luiz Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
[Silva-Filho, Marcio C.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Genet, Escola Super Agr Luiz Queiroz, BR-13400970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
[Glynn, Neil] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA.
[Richard, Edward, Jr.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA.
[Souza, Glaucia Mendes] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Ming, Ray] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Lam, E (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Biotechnol Ctr Agr & Environm, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM eric189@hotmail.com; rming@life.illinois.edu
RI Souza, Glaucia/E-6780-2012; Silva-Filho, Marcio/F-2639-2012; Carrer,
Helaine/C-3159-2012; 2, INCT/G-6506-2013; Bioetanol, Inct/I-1068-2013;
FAPESP, BIOEN/H-6149-2012
OI Silva-Filho, Marcio/0000-0003-2129-0388; Carrer,
Helaine/0000-0002-9329-1841;
NR 12
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1757-1693
J9 GCB BIOENERGY
JI GCB Bioenergy
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 1
IS 3
BP 251
EP 255
DI 10.1111/j.1757-1707.2009.01016.x
PG 5
WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 601CW
UT WOS:000278036600006
ER
PT J
AU Bartholomew, PW
Williams, RD
AF Bartholomew, P. W.
Williams, R. D.
TI Establishment of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) by
self-seeding as affected by cutting date and degree of herbage removal
in spring in pastures of the southern Great Plains of the United States
SO GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Italian ryegrass; seed production; cutting date; southern Great Plains;
pasture establishment
ID COOL-SEASON GRASSES; PERFORMANCE; WHEAT; YIELD
AB Annually sown cool-season small-grain cereal species can provide a valuable source of cool-season herbage for livestock in the southern Great Plains of the USA but limited access to field equipment for cultivation and sowing is an obstacle to their use. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) (IRG) can persist through self-seeding and may offer an alternative source of cool-season herbage. The effects of cutting dates in mid-April, early May or mid- to late May following sowing in the previous September, and of removing 0.57, 0.73 or 1.00 of the herbage mass at this time, on subsequent seed deposition, seedling re-establishment and herbage production of IRG were measured. Later cutting dates reduced seed production, seed deposition, 1000-seed weight and eventual re-establishment of IRG seedlings. Removing different proportions of the herbage mass did not compensate for reduced seed deposition arising from later cutting dates. Numbers of seed heads and seed required to achieve a self-seeded target population of 500 established seedlings m(-2) ranged from 885 to 5650 seed heads m(-2) and 3360 to 5850 deposited viable seeds m(-2). Re-establishment of IRG through self-seeding showed a failure rate of 0.43 indicating that self-seeded IRG will need periodic resowing. Any economic benefit derived from self-seeded IRG will depend heavily on the success of its rate of re-establishment.
C1 [Bartholomew, P. W.; Williams, R. D.] Langston Univ, USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Langston, OK 73050 USA.
RP Bartholomew, PW (reprint author), Langston Univ, USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, POB 1730, Langston, OK 73050 USA.
EM pbarthol@luresext.edu
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0142-5242
J9 GRASS FORAGE SCI
JI Grass Forage Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 64
IS 2
BP 177
EP 186
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2009.00682.x
PG 10
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 443DE
UT WOS:000265889600008
ER
PT J
AU Orr, J
Schutte, M
Broderick, CE
Cooke, PH
AF Orr, Jervane
Schutte, Melissa
Broderick, Cyril E., Sr.
Cooke, Peter H.
TI Comparative Contents of Food Nutrients and Food Element among Several
Capsicum Pepper Fruit Types
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 08-10, 2009
CL Univ Delaware, Newark, DE
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, NE Reg
HO Univ Delaware
C1 [Orr, Jervane; Schutte, Melissa; Broderick, Cyril E., Sr.] Delaware State Univ, Coll Agr & Related Sci, Dover, DE USA.
[Cooke, Peter H.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 546
EP 546
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900008
ER
PT J
AU Schutte, M
Orr, J
Broderick, CE
Cooke, PH
AF Schutte, Melissa
Orr, Jervane
Broderick, Cyril E., Sr.
Cooke, Peter H.
TI Structural Architecture of Fruit Tissues of the Bell Pepper (Capsicum
fructescens), as Determined by Fluorescence Microscopy
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 08-10, 2009
CL Univ Delaware, Newark, DE
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, NE Reg
HO Univ Delaware
C1 [Schutte, Melissa; Orr, Jervane; Broderick, Cyril E., Sr.] Delaware State Univ, Coll Agr & Related Sci, Dover, DE USA.
[Cooke, Peter H.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 546
EP 546
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900007
ER
PT J
AU Broderick, CE
Cooke, PH
AF Broderick, Cyril E., Sr.
Cooke, Peter H.
TI Characterization of the Secretory Process of Capsaicin in Capsicum
chinense var. Habanero
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 08-10, 2009
CL Univ Delaware, Newark, DE
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, NE Reg
HO Univ Delaware
C1 [Broderick, Cyril E., Sr.] Delaware State Univ, Coll Agr & Related Sci, Dover, DE USA.
[Cooke, Peter H.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 550
EP 550
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900024
ER
PT J
AU Carleo, JS
Vorsa, N
Merritt, RH
Chin, C
Polashock, J
AF Carleo, Jenny S.
Vorsa, Nicholi
Merritt, Richard H.
Chin, Cheekok
Polashock, James
TI Novel Leaf Traits in New Varieties of Lilium longiflorum Derived from
Tissue Culture
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Northeast Region Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 08-10, 2009
CL Univ Delaware, Newark, DE
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, NE Reg
HO Univ Delaware
C1 [Vorsa, Nicholi] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Agr Expt Stn, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA.
[Merritt, Richard H.; Chin, Cheekok] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Polashock, James] ARS, USDA, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 552
EP 552
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900033
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, AM
Gilliam, CH
Fain, GB
Torbert, HA
Gallagher, TV
Sibley, JL
Marble, SC
AF Murphy, Anna-Marie
Gilliam, Charles H.
Fain, Glenn B.
Torbert, H. Allen
Gallagher, Thomas V.
Sibley, Jeff L.
Marble, Stephen C.
TI Amending Pine Bark Supplies with Whole Tree and Clean Chip Residual
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Murphy, Anna-Marie; Gilliam, Charles H.; Fain, Glenn B.; Sibley, Jeff L.; Marble, Stephen C.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA.
[Gallagher, Thomas V.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 555
EP 555
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900045
ER
PT J
AU Warren, O
Sargent, S
Huber, D
Brecht, J
Plotto, A
Baldwin, E
AF Warren, Oren
Sargent, Steven
Huber, Donald
Brecht, Jeffrey
Plotto, Anne
Baldwin, Elizabeth
TI Changes in Edible Quality and Aroma Profile of 'Arkin' Carambola During
Ripening on the Tree
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Warren, Oren; Sargent, Steven; Huber, Donald; Brecht, Jeffrey] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Plotto, Anne; Baldwin, Elizabeth] USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA.
RI Brecht, Jeffrey/B-2375-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 555
EP 556
PG 2
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900048
ER
PT J
AU Dea, S
Brecht, JK
Cecilia, A
Nunes, N
Baldwin, EA
AF Dea, Sharon
Brecht, Jeffrey K.
Cecilia, A.
Nunes, N.
Baldwin, Elizabeth A.
TI Determination of the Optimal Ripeness Stage for Processing 'Kent' Mango
into Fresh-cut Slices
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Dea, Sharon; Brecht, Jeffrey K.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA.
RI Brecht, Jeffrey/B-2375-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 558
EP 558
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900059
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, DA
Spiers, JM
AF Marshall, Donna A.
Spiers, James M.
TI Blueberry Fruit Quality and Antioxidant Capacity as Affected by Fruit
Ripeness
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Marshall, Donna A.; Spiers, James M.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 564
EP 564
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900086
ER
PT J
AU Stringer, SJ
Marshall, DA
Spiers, JM
AF Stringer, Stephen. J.
Marshall, Donna A.
Spiers, James M.
TI Mississippi Muscadines: Performance and Characteristics
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Stringer, Stephen. J.; Marshall, Donna A.; Spiers, James M.] ARS, USDA, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 565
EP 565
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900090
ER
PT J
AU Baldwin, EA
Plotto, A
Lebrun, M
AF Baldwin, Elizabeth A.
Plotto, Anne
Lebrun, Marc
TI Use of Enose to Determine Mango Maturity
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Baldwin, Elizabeth A.; Plotto, Anne] USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33880 USA.
[Lebrun, Marc] CIRAD, Food Proc Res Unit, Montpellier, France.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 566
EP 566
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900093
ER
PT J
AU Jifon, JL
Lester, GE
AF Jifon, John L.
Lester, Gene E.
TI Effects of Foliar Potassium Fertilization on Muskmelon Fruit Quality and
Yield
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Jifon, John L.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
[Lester, Gene E.] USDA ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 566
EP 566
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900096
ER
PT J
AU Perkins-Veazie, P
Davis, A
Maness, N
Rice, S
Hyatt, J
Heil, S
AF Perkins-Veazie, Penelope
Davis, Angela
Maness, Niels
Rice, Stanley
Hyatt, Jamie
Heil, Sarah
TI Quality of Four Basil Types after Storage at 3 to 10 degrees C
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope; Davis, Angela] USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA.
[Maness, Niels] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Hort, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Rice, Stanley; Hyatt, Jamie; Heil, Sarah] SE Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biol, Durant, OK 74701 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 566
EP 566
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900094
ER
PT J
AU Perkins-Veazie, P
Roberts, W
Magby, S
Wyatt, O
AF Perkins-Veazie, Penelope
Roberts, Warren
Magby, Shelia
Wyatt, O'Hern
TI Quality of Organically Grown Cherry Tomatoes for the Oklahoma Farm to
School Program
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope; Magby, Shelia] USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA.
[Roberts, Warren; Wyatt, O'Hern] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Hort, Wes Watkins Res & Extens Ctr, Lane, OK 74555 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 566
EP 566
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900095
ER
PT J
AU Bai, JH
Imahori, Y
Baldwin, E
AF Bai, Jinhe
Imahori, Yoshihiro
Baldwin, Elizabeth
TI Response of the Ascorbate-glutathione Cycle and Lipoxygenase Pathway to
Chilling and Heating Treatments in Tomatoes
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Bai, Jinhe; Baldwin, Elizabeth] USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA.
[Imahori, Yoshihiro] Osaka Prefecture Univ, Osaka, Japan.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 567
EP 567
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900097
ER
PT J
AU Jouquand, C
Plotto, A
Narciso, J
Chandler, C
AF Jouquand, Celine
Plotto, Anne
Narciso, Jan
Chandler, Craig
TI Quality Evaluation of Newly Released Florida Strawberries by Sensory
Analysis
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Jouquand, Celine; Chandler, Craig] Univ Florida, IFAS, Gulf Coast Res & Educ Ctr, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA.
[Plotto, Anne; Narciso, Jan] ARS, USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 567
EP 567
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900099
ER
PT J
AU McCollum, TG
Baldwin, E
AF McCollum, T. G.
Baldwin, Elizabeth
TI Evaluation of Fruit Quality Characteristics of 'Early Pride', a New
Seedless Mandarin from the USDA-ARS
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [McCollum, T. G.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
[Baldwin, Elizabeth] ARS, USDA, CSPL, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 567
EP 567
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900098
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, DM
Ling, KS
Harrison, HF
AF Jackson, D. Michael
Ling, Kai-Shu
Harrison, H. F., Jr.
TI Effects of Meristem Culture on Yields of Heirloom Sweetpotatoes in the
Field
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Jackson, D. Michael; Ling, Kai-Shu; Harrison, H. F., Jr.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 575
EP 575
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900132
ER
PT J
AU Harris, KR
Ling, KS
Wechter, PW
Levi, A
Meyer, JDF
Havey, MJ
Guner, N
Wehner, TC
AF Harris, Karen R.
Ling, Kai-shu
Wechter, Patrick W.
Levi, Amnon
Meyer, Jenelle D. F.
Havey, Michael J.
Guner, Nihat
Wehner, Todd C.
TI Markers Linked to the ZYMV-FL Resistance Gene and Their Use in
Marker-assisted Selection in Watermelon
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Harris, Karen R.; Ling, Kai-shu; Wechter, Patrick W.; Levi, Amnon] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA.
[Meyer, Jenelle D. F.; Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Guner, Nihat; Wehner, Todd C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 576
EP 576
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900136
ER
PT J
AU King, SR
Davis, AR
Bang, H
AF King, Stephen R.
Davis, Angela R.
Bang, Haejeen
TI New Flesh Colors in Watermelon?
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [King, Stephen R.; Bang, Haejeen] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Davis, Angela R.] USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 576
EP 576
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900137
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, MJ
Fish, W
Bruton, B
AF Taylor, Merritt J.
Fish, Wayne
Bruton, Benny
TI Economics of Using Watermelon Juice as a No-cost Diluent and
Supplemental Sugar Source for Fermentation of Molasses in Ethanol
Production
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Taylor, Merritt J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Wes Watkins Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Lane, OK 74555 USA.
[Fish, Wayne; Bruton, Benny] USDA ARS, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 576
EP 576
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900135
ER
PT J
AU Thies, JA
Ariss, JJ
Hassel, R
Olson, S
AF Thies, Judy A.
Ariss, Jennifer J.
Hassel, Richard
Olson, Steve
TI Grafting for Management of Root-knot Nematodes in Watermelon
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Thies, Judy A.; Ariss, Jennifer J.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA.
[Hassel, Richard] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA.
[Olson, Steve] N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 576
EP 576
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900138
ER
PT J
AU Witcher, AL
Fain, GB
Spiers, JM
AF Witcher, Anthony L.
Fain, Glenn B.
Spiers, James M.
TI Boston Fern Production in Whole Pine Tree Substrates
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Southern Region of the
American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science
CY JAN 31-FEB 02, 2009
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hort Sci, So Reg
C1 [Witcher, Anthony L.; Spiers, James M.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA.
[Fain, Glenn B.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 578
EP 578
PG 1
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900144
ER
PT J
AU Routson, KJ
Reilley, AA
Henk, AD
Volk, GM
AF Routson, Kanin J.
Reilley, Ann A.
Henk, Adam D.
Volk, Gayle M.
TI Identification of Historic Apple Trees in the Southwestern United States
and Implications for Conservation
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Malus; simple sequence repeat; genetic diversity
ID MALUS; COLLECTION; DIVERSITY
AB Many apple varieties commonly planted in the United States a century ago can no longer be found in today's orchards and nurseries. Abandoned farmsteads and historic orchards harbor considerable agrobiodiversity, but the extent and location of that diversity is poorly understood. We assessed the genetic diversity of 280 apple (Malus xdomestica Borkh.) trees growing in 43 historic farmstead and orchard sites in Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico using seven microsatellite markers. We compared the samples to 109 cultivars likely introduced into the southwest in the late 19th and early, 20th centuries. Genetic analysis revealed 144 genotypes represented in the 280 field samples. We identified 34 of these 144 genotypes as cultivars brought to the region by Stark Brothers Nursery and by USDA agricultural experiment stations. One hundred twenty of the total samples (43%) had DNA fingerprints that suggested they were representative of these 34 cultivars. The remaining 160 samples-representing 110 genotypes-had unique fingerprints that did not match any of the fingerprinted cultivars. The results of this study confirm for the first time that a high diversity of historic apple genotypes remain in homestead orchards in the U.S. southwest. Future efforts targeting orchards in the southwest should focus on conservation for all unique genotypes as a means to sustain both cultural heritage and biological genetic diversity.
C1 [Routson, Kanin J.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Reilley, Ann A.; Henk, Adam D.; Volk, Gayle M.] USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Routson, KJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, 1955 E Sixth St,POB 210184, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM kjr53@email.arizona.edu
FU Kanin Routson's Master's research at Northern Arizona University;
National Park Service; Margaret T. Morris Foundation
FX This project was pail of Kanin Routson's Master's research at Northern
Arizona University. Thank you to Gary Nablian, Thomas Sisk, David
Ostergren, Gery Allan,and other staff at NAU who helped With this study.
We also express Our gratitude to all who have provided funding for this
project: the National Park Service and the Margaret T. Morris
Foundation. In addition, we are grateful to Lee Calhoun, Ram Fishman,
and Philip Forsline for sending leaf samples of named varieties used in
this study and to Christopher Richards for use Of facilities at
USDA-ARS-NCGRP. Lastly, we thank Gerard Geenen of the Plant Cytometry
Services (Schijndel, The Netherlands) for determining ploidy for the
samples and reference cultivars.
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 589
EP 594
PG 6
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900159
ER
PT J
AU Castle, WS
Nunnallee, J
Manthey, JA
AF Castle, William S.
Nunnallee, James
Manthey, John A.
TI Screening Citrus Rootstocks and Related Selections in Soil and Solution
Culture for Tolerance to Low-iron Stress
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE calcareous; citrus relatives; Fe reduction; leaf greenness; sample size
ID SOUR ORANGE; DEFICIENCY; CHLOROSIS; REDUCTION; GROWTH; TREES
AB A broad range of plant selections across the orange subfamily Aurantioideae were screened in solution and soil culture for their tolerance to low iron (Fe) stress. Young seedlings grown in soil were transferred to tubs of +Fe nutrient solution, which was later replaced after a brief period with a -Fe solution. Over several trials, approximate to 20 white root tips were harvested periodically from the plants in each tub and assayed for their ability to reduce Fe(3+). The procedure was miniaturized to determine if a fewer number of root tips could be assayed to screen individual plants and to estimate the required sample size. For solution screening, seven root tips were estimated to be adequate for representing a single plant. Seedlings of a few selections were also grown in small containers of soil amended with 0% to 5.9% CaCO(3). The results in solution and soil culture were consistent with each other and with previous assessments of the various selections. Based on a summary of the solution and soil responses, the citrus selections were grouped in descending order of Fe(3+) reduction rates as Volkamer lemon/Rangpur/sour orange selections/Citrus macrophylla > mandarins and mandarin hybrids > citranges > citrumelos > trifoliate orange. Of the citrus relatives tested in solution culture only, those in the genera Glycosmis, Citropsis, Clausena, and Murraya had high Fe reduction rates with good seedling growth and new leaves developed a light yellow color or showed no loss of greenness. Other citrus relatives in the genera Severinia, Atalantia, and Fortunella and most somatic hybrids had low seedling vigor and produced too few root tips to be properly assessed. The results are useful because of the breadth of selections screened, the identification of various citrus relatives as potential sources of low-Fe stress tolerance in breeding new rootstocks, and the apparent positive relationship between the Fe(3+) reduction responses, soil screening responses, and field experiences with carbonate-induced Fe chlorosis responses.
C1 [Castle, William S.; Nunnallee, James] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Hort Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA.
[Manthey, John A.] ARS, US Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, USDA, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA.
RP Castle, WS (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Hort Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA.
EM bcastle@ufl.edu
NR 35
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 638
EP 645
PG 8
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900167
ER
PT J
AU Blom, PE
Tarara, JM
AF Blom, Paul E.
Tarara, Julie M.
TI Trellis Tension Monitoring Improves Yield Estimation in Vineyards
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE 'Concord'; Vitis labruscana; continuous crop monitoring; crop
estimation; yield prediction
ID CABERNET-SAUVIGNON; FRUIT-GROWTH; BERRY GROWTH; GRAPEVINE; ACCUMULATION;
NUTRITION; DYNAMICS; HARVEST; DEFICIT; CANOPY
AB Most yield estimation practices for commercial vineyards are based on longstanding but individually variable industry protocols that rely on hand-sampling fruit on one or a small number of dates during the growing season. Limitations associated with the static nature of yield estimation may be overcome by deployment of trellis tension monitors (TTMs), systems that provide dynamic measurement of changes in the tension of the main trellis support wire. In 10 commercial vineyards from which two commercial juice processors annually collect data to derive yield estimates, TTMs were installed. Processor and TTM data were subjected to three permutations of the basic linear computational approach to estimating yield and their accuracies evaluated given known harvested yield at various spatial scales. On average, TTM data produced more accurate estimates of actual yield than did the computational protocols of the juice processors. There was high vineyard-to-vineyard variability in the accuracy of the estimate under all approaches, even from those permutations designed to match the spatial scale of the data collected for yield estimation with the spatial scale of the actual harvested yield. The processor protocols appear to be more sensitive than the TTM approach to the selection of the antecedent years used for comparison with the current year's data. Trellis tension monitoring may be useful to supplant traditional, labor-intensive yield estimation practices or to supplement longstanding practices with real-time information that can be applied to dynamic revision of static yield estimates.
C1 [Blom, Paul E.; Tarara, Julie M.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
RP Tarara, JM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
EM jtarara@wsu.edu
NR 33
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 678
EP 685
PG 8
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900174
ER
PT J
AU Greer, SP
Rinehart, TA
AF Greer, Stephen Patrick
Rinehart, Timothy A.
TI In Vitro Germination and Dormancy Responses of Hydrangea macrophylla and
Hydrangea paniculata Seeds to Ethyl Methane Sulfonate and Cold Treatment
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE stratification; seed physiology; alkylating agents; mutation breeding;
Trichloro-s-triazinetrione (Trichlor); 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium
chloride (TTC); ImageJ
ID FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; INDUCED MUTATIONS; DNA-DAMAGE; REPAIR; PLANTS;
MUTAGENESIS; METHANESULFONATE; ARABIDOPSIS; DIVERSITY
AB To determine the optimal conditions for mutagenesis of Hydrangea macrophyklla (Thunb.) Ser. and Hydrangea paniculata Siebold, cold-treated and untreated seed from representative cultivars were exposed to 0.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0% ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Most untreated H. macrophylla seed exposed to 2.5% and 5.0% EMS had substantially lower germination percentages. H. paniculata seed germination percentages did not differ from controls until EMS concentrations reached 5.0%. Cold treatment of H. macrophylla and H. paniculata seed made germination more tolerant to all concentrations of EMS tested and increased germination of most H. macrophylla cultivars when compared with lower dosages. Germination of cold-treated seed from H. paniculata cultivars rose substantially above control levels even at the highest dosages. For the most part, we observed more nondormant seed, or seed available for germination, but less viability with increasing EMS dosage in untreated Hydrangea L. seed versus controls. In contrast, cold-treated seed displayed higher levels of mutagen tolerance and nondormancy versus controls when exposed to these same doses of EMS.
C1 [Greer, Stephen Patrick; Rinehart, Timothy A.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA.
RP Greer, SP (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, 810 Highway 26 W, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA.
EM stephen.greer@ars.usda.gov
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 764
EP 769
PG 6
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900189
ER
PT J
AU Goenaga, R
Irizarry, H
Irish, B
AF Goenaga, Ricardo
Irizarry, Heber
Irish, Brian
TI TARS Series of Cacao Germplasm Selections
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Theobroma cacao; pod index; flavor
ID THEOBROMA-CACAO; EARLY YIELD; COCOA
C1 [Goenaga, Ricardo; Irizarry, Heber; Irish, Brian] USDA ARS, TARS, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
RP Goenaga, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, TARS, 2200 PA Campos Ave,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
EM Ricardo.Goenaga@ars.usda.gov
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 826
EP 827
PG 2
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900199
ER
PT J
AU Gabriel, MZ
Altland, JE
Owen, JS
AF Gabriel, Magdalena Zazirska
Altland, James E.
Owen, James S., Jr.
TI The Effect of Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Peatmoss and Pumice
on Douglas Fir Bark Based Soilless Substrates
SO HORTSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE moisture characteristic curves; container capacity; air space; particle
size distribution; available water; water-buffering capacity
ID MEDIA; MIXTURES
AB Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. (Franco)] bark (DFB), sphagnum peatmoss, and pumice are the most common substrate components used in the Oregon nursery industry. The objective of this study was to document the effect of peat and pumice addition on the physical and hydrological properties of DFB soilless substrates. A secondary objective was to determine if measured properties of mixed soilless substrates can be accurately predicted from the known properties of the individual components. Treatment design was a 3 x 3 factorial with three rates each of sphagnum peatmoss and pumice (0%, 15%, and 30% by vol.) added to DFB. The resulting nine substrates were measured for total porosity, air space, container capacity, and bulk density using porometers. Moisture characteristic curves were generated by measuring water content along a continuous column. Adding pumice to DFB decreased total porosity, container capacity, available water, and water-buffering capacity but increased bulk density. Adding peatmoss to DFB increased total porosity, container capacity, and available water but decreased air space and bulk density. Comparison of predicted values against measured values indicated that bulk density could be predicted reliably; however, all other physical properties could not be accurately predicted.
C1 [Altland, James E.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Gabriel, Magdalena Zazirska] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Owen, James S., Jr.] Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, OR 97002 USA.
RP Altland, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
EM James.Altland@ARS.USDA.GOV
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0018-5345
J9 HORTSCIENCE
JI Hortscience
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 874
EP 878
PG 5
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 460AE
UT WOS:000267154900214
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, CY
Halfacre, AC
Hurley, PT
AF Johnson, Cassandra Y.
Halfacre, Angela C.
Hurley, Patrick T.
TI Resistant Place Identities in Rural Charleston County, South Carolina:
Cultural, Environmental, and Racial Politics in the Sewee to Santee Area
SO HUMAN ECOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE sense of place; rural gentrification; political ecology; South Carolina
Low Country; environmental decision-making
ID COMMUNITY IDENTITIES; LANDSCAPE; SENSE; ECOLOGY
AB The cultural and political implications of landscape change and urban growth in the western U.S. are well-documented. However, comparatively little scholarship has examined the effects of urbanization on sense of place in the southern U.S. We contribute to the literature on competing place meanings with a case study from the rural "Sewee to Santee" region of northern Charleston County, SC. Our research highlights conflicting cultural, environmental, and racial politics and their roles in struggles over place meanings. Using focus groups, interviews with elected officials, and participant observation, we document initial African American resistance and eventual compliance with the prevailing anti-sprawl discourse and associated sense of place promoted by the Charleston County Planning Commission and others. Our research suggests that dynamics driving development in the rural, U.S. South are similar in kind to those it? the Third World where natural resource decisions are informed by class, cultural, and racial politics.
C1 [Johnson, Cassandra Y.] US Forest Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Halfacre, Angela C.; Hurley, Patrick T.] Coll Charleston, Dept Polit Sci, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Johnson, CY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 13
PU SOC HUMAN ECOLOGY
PI BAR HARBOR
PA 105 EDEN ST, BAR HARBOR, ME 04609 USA
SN 1074-4827
J9 HUM ECOL REV
JI Hum. Ecol. Rev.
PD SUM
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 1
BP 1
EP 16
PG 16
WC Environmental Studies; Sociology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Sociology
GA 373QH
UT WOS:000260986500001
ER
PT J
AU Songstad, DD
Lakshmanan, P
Chen, J
Gibbons, W
Hughes, S
Nelson, R
AF Songstad, D. D.
Lakshmanan, P.
Chen, J.
Gibbons, W.
Hughes, S.
Nelson, R.
TI Historical perspective of biofuels: learning from the past to rediscover
the future
SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Biofuel; Bioethanol; Biodiesel; History
AB This issue of in vitro plant is dedicated to various aspects of biofuel research and development. The editors have sought the experts in this field and solicited manuscripts for this special issue publication from various academic institutions, government (USDA, DOE), industry (Mendel, Alellyx, Canavilas, Syngenta, Monsanto), and various countries (USA, China, Brazil, India, and Australia). This has resulted in state-of-the-art articles describing ethanol and also biodiesel research. These publications highlight the status of biofuel research across the globe and also focus on private, public, and government interests. This is especially noteworthy in that President Barack Obama has stated that renewable energy is a pivotal aspect of his policy for the USA. The objective of this introduction is to provide the reader with the pertinent background information relative to the biofuel efforts within the private sector, academia, and government laboratories. In particular, the history of biofuel research and commercialization is provided as well as a summary of the various crop systems available for biofuel production.
C1 [Songstad, D. D.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA.
[Lakshmanan, P.] BSES, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia.
[Chen, J.] Mendel Biotechnol, Hayward, CA 94545 USA.
[Gibbons, W.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Hughes, S.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Nelson, R.] VeraSun Energy, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA.
RP Songstad, DD (reprint author), Monsanto Co, 800 N Lindbergh Blvd, St Louis, MO 63167 USA.
EM david.d.songstad@monsanto.com
OI Songstad, David/0000-0002-5382-4797
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1054-5476
J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL
JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 189
EP 192
DI 10.1007/s11627-009-9218-6
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
GA 459MC
UT WOS:000267105700001
ER
PT J
AU Gibbons, WR
Hughes, SR
AF Gibbons, W. R.
Hughes, S. R.
TI Integrated biorefineries with engineered microbes and high-value
co-products for profitable biofuels production
SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
LA English
DT Review
DE First-generation biofuels; Second-generation biofuels; Biorefinery;
Recombinant ethanologens
ID PHASE FERMENTATION PROCESS; FUEL ETHANOL-PRODUCTION;
SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SWEET SORGHUM; YEAST STRAINS; CORN; BIOMASS;
BIOCONVERSION; TOLERANCE; CARBON
AB Corn-based fuel ethanol production processes provide several advantages which could be synergistically applied to overcome limitations of biofuel processes based on lignocellulose. These include resources such as equipment, manpower, nutrients, water, and heat. The fact that several demonstration-scale biomass ethanol processes are using corn as a platform supports this viewpoint. This report summarizes the advantages of first-generation corn-based biofuel processes and then describes the technologies, advantages, and limitations of second-generation lignocellulose-based biofuel systems. This is followed by a discussion of the potential benefit of fully integrating first- and second-generation processes. We conclude with an overview of the technology improvements that are needed to enhance the profitability of biofuel production through development of an integrated biorefinery. A key requirement is creation of industrially robust, multifunctional ethanologens that are engineered for maximum ethanol production from mixed sugars. In addition to ethanol, combined biorefineries could also be the source of valuable co-products, such as chemicals and plastics. However, this will require expression systems that produce high-value co-products. Advantages of this approach are that (1) such strains could be used for bioconversion in any part of the combined biorefinery and (2) using one recombinant organism with many additions should simplify the process of obtaining necessary FDA approval for feed products produced by or containing recombinant organisms.
C1 [Gibbons, W. R.] S Dakota State Univ, Biol Microbiol Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Hughes, S. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Gibbons, WR (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Biol Microbiol Dept, Box 2104,DM 201, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM william.gibbons@sdstate.edu
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1054-5476
EI 1475-2689
J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL
JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 218
EP 228
DI 10.1007/s11627-009-9202-1
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
GA 459MC
UT WOS:000267105700004
ER
PT J
AU Moser, BR
AF Moser, Bryan R.
TI Biodiesel production, properties, and feedstocks
SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
LA English
DT Review
DE Alternative feedstocks; Biodiesel; Fatty acid methyl esters; Fuel
properties; Methanolysis; Transesterification
ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; OIL METHYL-ESTERS; FREE FATTY-ACIDS;
RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; BASE-CATALYZED TRANSESTERIFICATION; DIESEL
FUEL BLENDS; L. SEED OIL; MIXED METHANOL/ETHANOL SYSTEM; IN-SITU
TRANSESTERIFICATION; BRANCHED-CHAIN DERIVATIVES
AB Biodiesel, defined as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats, is an environmentally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum diesel fuel (petrodiesel). Produced by transesterification with a monohydric alcohol, usually methanol, biodiesel has many important technical advantages over petrodiesel, such as inherent lubricity, low toxicity, derivation from a renewable and domestic feedstock, superior flash point and biodegradability, negligible sulfur content, and lower exhaust emissions. Important disadvantages of biodiesel include high feedstock cost, inferior storage and oxidative stability, lower volumetric energy content, inferior low-temperature operability, and in some cases, higher NO (x) exhaust emissions. This review covers the process by which biodiesel is prepared, the types of catalysts that may be used for the production of biodiesel, the influence of free fatty acids on biodiesel production, the use of different monohydric alcohols in the preparation of biodiesel, the influence of biodiesel composition on fuel properties, the influence of blending biodiesel with other fuels on fuel properties, alternative uses for biodiesel, and value-added uses of glycerol, a co-product of biodiesel production. A particular emphasis is placed on alternative feedstocks for biodiesel production. Lastly, future challenges and outlook for biodiesel are discussed.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Moser, BR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM Bryan.Moser@ars.usda.gov
NR 298
TC 208
Z9 210
U1 5
U2 122
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1054-5476
EI 1475-2689
J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL
JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 229
EP 266
DI 10.1007/s11627-009-9204-z
PG 38
WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
GA 459MC
UT WOS:000267105700005
ER
PT J
AU Gonzalez-Hernandez, JL
Sarath, G
Stein, JM
Owens, V
Gedye, K
Boe, A
AF Gonzalez-Hernandez, J. L.
Sarath, G.
Stein, J. M.
Owens, V.
Gedye, K.
Boe, A.
TI A multiple species approach to biomass production from native herbaceous
perennial feedstocks
SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
LA English
DT Review
DE Biomass; Herbaceous perennial feedstocks; Marginal lands; Little
bluestem; Prairie cordgrass
ID SWITCHGRASS PANICUM-VIRGATUM; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; BIOENERGY
PRODUCTION; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; CHROMOSOME-NUMBERS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION;
GENETIC DIVERSITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; MARGINAL SOILS
AB Due to the rapid rate of worldwide consumption of nonrenewable fossil fuels, production of biofuels from cellulosic sources is receiving increased research emphasis. Here, we review the feasibility to produce lignocellulosic biomass on marginal lands that are not well-suited for conventional crop production. Large areas of these marginal lands are located in the central prairies of North America once dominated by tallgrass species. In this article, we review the existing literature, current work, and potential of two native species of the tallgrass prairie, prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata), and little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) as candidates for commercial production of biofuel. Based on the existing literature, we discuss the need to accelerate research in the areas of agronomy, breeding, genetics, and potential pathogens. Cropping systems based on maintaining biodiversity across landscapes are essential for a sustainable production and to mitigate impact of pathogens and pests.
C1 [Gonzalez-Hernandez, J. L.; Stein, J. M.; Owens, V.; Gedye, K.; Boe, A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Sarath, G.] USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP Gonzalez-Hernandez, JL (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM jose.gonzalez@sdstate.edu
NR 132
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1054-5476
J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL
JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 45
IS 3
BP 267
EP 281
DI 10.1007/s11627-009-9215-9
PG 15
WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
GA 459MC
UT WOS:000267105700006
ER
PT J
AU Flanagan, RC
Neal-McKinney, JM
Dhillon, AS
Miller, WG
Konkel, ME
AF Flanagan, Rebecca C.
Neal-McKinney, Jason M.
Dhillon, A. Singh
Miller, William G.
Konkel, Michael E.
TI Examination of Campylobacter jejuni Putative Adhesins Leads to the
Identification of a New Protein, Designated FlpA, Required for Chicken
Colonization
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; FIBRONECTIN-BINDING PROTEIN; SEQUENCE TYPING
SYSTEM; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CADF; SURFACE; GENE; COLI; ENVIRONMENT;
ADHERENCE
AB Campylobacter jejuni colonization of chickens is presumably dependent upon multiple surface-exposed proteins termed adhesins. Putative C. jejuni adhesins include CadF, CapA, JlpA, major outer membrane protein, PEB1, Cj1279c, and Cj1349c. We examined the genetic relatedness of 97 C. jejuni isolates recovered from human, poultry, bovine, porcine, ovine, and canine sources by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and examined their profile of putative adhesin-encoding genes by dot blot hybridization. To assess the individual contribution of each protein in bacterium-host cell adherence, the C. jejuni genes encoding the putative adhesins were disrupted by insertional mutagenesis. The phenotype of each mutant was judged by performing in vitro cell adherence assays with chicken LMH hepatocellular carcinoma epithelial cells and in vivo colonization assays with broiler chicks. MLST analysis indicated that the C. jejuni isolates utilized in this study were genetically diverse. Dot blot hybridization revealed that the C. jejuni genes encoding the putative adhesins, with the exception of capA, were conserved among the isolates. The C. jejuni CadF, CapA, Cj1279c, and Cj1349c proteins were found to play a significant role in the bacterium's in vitro adherence to chicken epithelial cells, while CadF, PEB1, and Cj1279c were determined to play a significant role in the bacterium's in vivo colonization of broiler chicks. Collectively, the data indicate that Cj1279c is a novel adhesin. Because Cj1279c harbors fibronectin type III domains, we designated the protein FlpA, for fibronectin-like protein A.
C1 [Flanagan, Rebecca C.; Neal-McKinney, Jason M.; Konkel, Michael E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Dhillon, A. Singh] Washington State Univ, Avian Hlth & Food Safety Lab, Coll Vet Med, Puyallup, WA USA.
[Miller, William G.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP Konkel, ME (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM konkel@wsu.edu
FU USDA National Research Initiative's Food Safety 32.0 program
[200635201-16553, 2006-35201-17305]
FX This work was supported from funds awarded to M. E. K. from the USDA
National Research Initiative's Food Safety 32.0 program (200635201-16553
and 2006-35201-17305).
NR 36
TC 58
Z9 59
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 77
IS 6
BP 2399
EP 2407
DI 10.1128/IAI.01266-08
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 447HO
UT WOS:000266182400017
PM 19349427
ER
PT J
AU Dawson, H
Solano-Aguilar, G
Beal, M
Beshah, E
Vangimalla, V
Jones, E
Botero, S
Urban, JF
AF Dawson, Harry
Solano-Aguilar, Gloria
Beal, Madeline
Beshah, Ethiopia
Vangimalla, Vandana
Jones, Eudora
Botero, Sebastian
Urban, Joseph F., Jr.
TI Localized Th1-, Th2-, T Regulatory Cell-, and Inflammation-Associated
Hepatic and Pulmonary Immune Responses in Ascaris suum-Infected Swine
Are Increased by Retinoic Acid
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID VITAMIN-A SUPPLEMENTATION; RECEPTOR-ALPHA; IN-VIVO; DEFICIENT MICE;
MAST-CELLS; POLYRIBOCYTIDYLIC ACID; ALLERGEN CHALLENGE; MEXICAN
CHILDREN; MOUSE MODEL; EXPRESSION
AB Pigs infected with Ascaris suum or controls were given 100 mu g (low-dose) or 1,000 mu g (high-dose) all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)/kg body weight in corn oil or corn oil alone per os on days after inoculation (DAI) -1, -1, and -3 with infective eggs. Treatment with ATRA increased interleukin 4 (IL4) and IL12p70 in plasma of infected pigs at 7 DAI and augmented bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophilia observed at 7 and 14 DAI. To explore potential molecular mechanisms underlying these observations, a quantitative real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR array was used to examine mRNA expression in tissue. Ascaris-infected pigs had increased levels of liver mRNA for T-helper-2 (Th2)-associated cytokines, mast cell markers, and T regulatory (Treg) cells, while infected pigs given ATRA had higher IL4, IL13, CCL11, CCL26, CCL17, CCL22, and TPSB1 expression. Gene expression for Th1-associated markers (IFNG, IL12B, and TBX21), the CXCR3 ligand (CXCL9), IL1B, and the putative Treg marker TNFRSF18 was also increased. Expression of IL4, IL13, IL1B, IL6, CCL11, and CCL26 was increased in the lungs of infected pigs treated with ATRA. To determine a putative cellular source of eosinophil chemoattractants, alveolar macrophages were treated with IL4 and/or ATRA in vitro. IL4 induced CCL11, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL26 mRNA, and ATRA increased the basal and IL4-stimulated expression of CCL17 and CCL22. Thus, ATRA augments a diverse Th1-, Th2-, Treg-, and inflammation-associated response in swine infected with A. suum, and the increased BAL eosinophilia may be related to enhanced induction of eosinophil chemokine activity by alveolar macrophages.
C1 [Dawson, Harry; Solano-Aguilar, Gloria; Beshah, Ethiopia; Vangimalla, Vandana; Botero, Sebastian; Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Beal, Madeline] NCI, Expt Transplantat & Immunol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Jones, Eudora] NIH, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Dawson, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Rm 224,Bldg 307C,BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Harry.Dawson@ars.usda.gov
RI Dawson, Harry/H-8242-2013;
OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869
NR 80
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 77
IS 6
BP 2576
EP 2587
DI 10.1128/IAI.00827-07
PG 12
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 447HO
UT WOS:000266182400035
PM 19332534
ER
PT J
AU Nirmala, X
Zimowska, GJ
Handler, AM
AF Nirmala, X.
Zimowska, G. J.
Handler, A. M.
TI Characterization of the proteasome beta 2 subunit gene and its mutant
allele in the tephritid fruit fly pest, Anastrepha suspensa
SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE proteasome subunits; ubiquitin-proteasome pathway; temperature-sensitive
lethality; Anastrepha suspensa; biological control; AsPros beta 2
ID MAMMALIAN 20S PROTEASOME; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION
AB In Drosophila melanogaster the beta 2 proteasome subunit gene, Pros beta 2, was first identified as a dominant temperature sensitive mutant, DTS-7, that causes pupal lethality at 29 degrees C but allows survival to adulthood at 25 degrees C. To explore the use of proteasome mutations for a conditional lethal system in insect pests, we identified and isolated the beta 2 subunit gene of the 20S proteasome from the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa. The caribfly ortholog AsPros beta 2 was isolated from pupal cDNA by 5' and 3' RACE. The AsPros beta 2 protein has high amino acid sequence similarity to predicted insect Pros beta 2 subunits and homologs from yeast and mammals, and it contains the well conserved amino acids that confer catalytic activity and substrate specificity. AsPros beta 2 is a single copy gene and its RNA accumulates throughout all developmental stages of the caribfly. For functional studies a point mutation, analogous to the Pros beta 2(1) mutation in D. melanogaster, was introduced into AsPros beta 2 to create an aberrant protein with a Gly170Arg substitution. Consistent with the DTS-7 mutation, transgenic insects carrying the mutant allele undergo normal metamorphosis at the permissive temperature (25 degrees C) but at the non-permissive temperature (29 degrees C) they exhibit effective pupal lethality. This is the first report of a functional characterization of a Pros beta 2 cognate based on the creation of a dominant temperature-sensitive mutation. This type of temperature-dependent lethality could be used for biological control, where transgenic insects are reared to adulthood at 25 degrees C or lower and then released into the field where ambient temperatures averaging 29 degrees C or greater cause lethality in their progeny.
C1 [Nirmala, X.; Zimowska, G. J.; Handler, A. M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
RP Handler, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
EM al.handler@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-CSREES-NRICGP
FX We gratefully acknowledge John Belote, Syracuse University, for sharing
mutant strains, plasmids, and advice, and Seth Britch, USDA-ARS-CMAVE,
for help with statistical analysis. This project was supported by the
USDA-CSREES-NRICGP.
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0962-1075
J9 INSECT MOL BIOL
JI Insect Mol. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 3
BP 333
EP 340
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00875.x
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology
GA 446HE
UT WOS:000266111900007
PM 19523065
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SJ
An, SH
Stanley, D
Song, QS
AF Wang, Songjie
An, Shiheng
Stanley, David
Song, Qisheng
TI Cloning and characterization of a bursicon-regulated gene Su(H) in the
house fly Musca domestica
SO INSECT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE cuticle sclerotization; gene regulation; Musca domestica; Notch pathway;
r-bursicon; suppressor of hairless
ID SUPPRESSOR-OF-HAIRLESS; CUTICLE-HARDENING HORMONE;
DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; WING DEVELOPMENT; SIGNALING PATHWAY; IMAGINAL
ECDYSIS; CELL-DEATH; NOTCH; RECEPTOR; IDENTIFICATION
AB Bursicon is a neuropeptide that regulates cuticle sclerotization (hardening and tanning) in insect via a G-protein coupled receptor. However, the signal transduction pathway downstream of the G-protein coupled receptor is currently not well known. In our recent microarray analysis, we identified a panel of genes regulated by bursicon in Drosophila. One of the genes, Suppressor of Hairless, or Su(H), has drawn our attention because its product acts down-stream of the bursicon receptor. In the present study, we cloned the Drosophila homolog, mdSu(H), from the house fly Musca domestica using 3' and 5' rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the level of mdSu(H) transcript is up-regulated by similar to 3-fold 1 h after recombinant bursicon injection, which correlates well with the cuticle sclerotization process observed in the recombinant bursicon-injected flies. We infer that Su(H) is an essential gene involved in the insect cuticle sclerotization process.
C1 [Wang, Songjie; An, Shiheng; Song, Qisheng] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Stanley, David] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA.
RP Song, QS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci Entomol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM songq@missouri.edu
FU NSF [0446036]
FX This research was supported by a grant from NSF (0446036).
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1672-9609
J9 INSECT SCI
JI Insect Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 3
BP 207
EP 217
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2009.01248.x
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 451IH
UT WOS:000266463400001
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, YC
Fang, QQ
AF Zhu, Yu Cheng
Fang, Quentin Q.
TI The phylogenetic relationships of introduced Aphelinus (Hymenoptera:
Aphelinidae), biological control agents of the Russian wheat aphid
(Homoptera: Aphididae)
SO INSECT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Aphelinus; Aphidius; ITS; molecular systematics; phylogeny; rDNA
ID DIURAPHIS-NOXIA HOMOPTERA; NASONIA; INCOMPATIBILITY; SEQUENCES;
PTEROMALIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; COMPLEX
AB Several species of Aphelinus have been introduced to the US from the Old World for biological control of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Modvilko). Reproductive incompatibility has been observed among populations collected from different geographic areas. We examined whether or not the reproductive incompatibility between strains of A. asychis was caused by distant phylogenetic relationships. Ribosomal DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacers 2 (ITS2) were analyzed in several species of Aphelinus collected from multiple sites of Europe and Asia. The phylogenetic analysis showed that strains within the species A. albipodus and A. asychis are not monophyletic, and two clearly divergent clades were revealed among sequenced samples. Our results suggest that the reproductive incompatibility between three exotic strains of A. asychis was more likely caused by divergence of phylogeny than by symbiotic bacteria.
C1 [Zhu, Yu Cheng] USDA ARS, JWDSRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
[Fang, Quentin Q.] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA.
RP Zhu, YC (reprint author), USDA ARS, JWDSRC, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM yc.zhu@ars.usda.gov
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1672-9609
J9 INSECT SCI
JI Insect Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 3
BP 277
EP 285
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2009.01249.x
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 451IH
UT WOS:000266463400008
ER
PT J
AU Kartal, SN
Green, F
Clausen, CA
AF Kartal, S. N.
Green, F., III
Clausen, C. A.
TI Do the unique properties of nanometals affect leachability or efficacy
against fungi and termites?
SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Decay; Nanometal; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Mould; Subterranean
termite
AB Nanotechnology has the potential to affect the field of wood preservation through the creation of new and unique metal biocides with improved properties. This study evaluated leachability and efficacy of southern yellow pine wood treated with copper, zinc, or boron nanoparticles against mould fungi, decay fungi, and Eastern subterranean termites. Results showed that nanocopper with and without surfactant, nanozinc, and nanozinc plus silver with surfactant resisted leaching compared with metal oxide controls. Nearly all nanoboron and boric acid was released from the treated wood specimens during leaching. Mould fungi were moderately inhibited by nanozinc oxide with surfactant, but the other nanometal preparations did not significantly inhibit mould fungi. Mass loss from Gloeophyllum trabeum was significantly inhibited by all copper preparations, while Antrodia sp. was not inhibited by nanometal treatments. Nanometals imparted high resistance in southern yellow pine to the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor. Unleached specimens treated with nanoboron or nanozinc plus surfactant caused 100% and 31% mortality, respectively. All specimens treated with nanozinc or nanozinc plus silver inhibited termite feeding, but the copper treatments were less effective against termites. Nanozinc possessed the most favorable properties: leach resistance, termite mortality, and inhibition of termite feeding and decay by the white-rot fungus. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Green, F., III; Clausen, C. A.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Kartal, S. N.] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey.
RP Clausen, CA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM cclausen@fs.fed.us
RI Kartal, Nami/E-6516-2013
FU Research Fund of Istanbul University [YOP-1758]
FX The authors thank Rachel Arango for assistance with termite testing,
Vina Yang for conducting the mould tests, and Bessie Woodward for
assistance with the soil block decay tests. The present work was
supported by the Research Fund of Istanbul University; Project No:
YOP-1758. The Forest Products Laboratory is maintained in cooperation
with the University of Wisconsin. This article was written and prepared
by U.S. Government employees on official time, and it is therefore in
the public domain and not subject to copyright.
NR 10
TC 37
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-8305
J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR
JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 63
IS 4
BP 490
EP 495
DI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.01.007
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 454VY
UT WOS:000266712800020
ER
PT J
AU Li, RW
Gasbarre, LC
AF Li, Robert W.
Gasbarre, Louis C.
TI A temporal shift in regulatory networks and pathways in the bovine small
intestine during Cooperia oncophora infection
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bovine; Parasite; Nematode; Gastrointestinal; Cooperia; Pathway;
Network; Microarray
ID HOST RESPONDER TYPES; RETINOID-X-RECEPTOR; NF-KAPPA-B;
OSTERTAGIA-OSTERTAGI; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES;
GENE-EXPRESSION; MAMMARY-GLAND; FATTY-ACIDS; TNF-ALPHA
AB Cooperia oncophora is an important parasitic nematode of cattle with a wide distribution in temperate areas. Twenty Holstein nematode-naive bull calves were experimentally infected with approximately 100,000 infective L3s and infection was allowed to progress for 7, 14, 28, 42 days, respectively. This experiment was conducted to identify putative recognition and inflammatory pathways in the host-parasite relationship. Gene expression profiles of the small intestine were compared using a high-density bovine 60 mer oligo microarray. A total of 310 genes were differentially expressed during the course of infection. The pathways and regulatory networks significantly impacted by the infection were analysed. A total of 22 canonical pathways and nine regulatory networks were significantly affected during infection. During the early phase of the infection (7 days p.i.), parasites Suppressed the acute phase response and the complement system of the host. At 14 days p.i., three out of the six pathways impacted were related with retinoid X receptor (RXR) functions. At 28 days p.i., the effects on RXR were less evident. The host response shifted to lipid metabolism and signalling, especially eicosanoid production and signalling, suggesting that eicosanoid-mediated inflammation might be a major host defence mechanism. By 42 days p.i., the pathways impacted involved glycosphingolipid biosynthesis and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta signalling. The expression of cadherin-like 26 (CDH26) was strongly up-regulated starting at 14 days p.i. and peaked at 28 days p.i. The extent of its expression is positively correlated with the infiltration of eosinophils (R = 0.82) and coincides with the number of adult parasites in the tissue. CDH26 demonstrated an expression profile similar to two other cell adhesion molecules involved in recognition of carbohydrates on foreign organisms, collectin and galectin, suggesting that it may serve as a pattern recognition molecule for C. oncophora. These results provide a potential molecular roadmap for future studies aimed at defining host immune responses and understanding protective immunity against gastrointestinal nematodes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc.
C1 [Li, Robert W.; Gasbarre, Louis C.] USDA ARS, BARC E, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Li, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC E, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Bldg 200,Room 16, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM robert.li@ars.usda.gov
NR 42
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7519
J9 INT J PARASITOL
JI Int. J. Parasit.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 7
BP 813
EP 824
DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.11.007
PG 12
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 440QI
UT WOS:000265714400008
PM 19116156
ER
PT J
AU Maruvada, R
McFeeters, RF
AF Maruvada, Rashmi
McFeeters, Roger F.
TI Evaluation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic softening in low salt cucumber
fermentations
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Brining; blanching; Cucumis sativus; p-nitrophenyl glycosides
ID EGG-BOX MODEL; FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; CELL-WALL;
POLYGALACTURONASE; TISSUE; PH; INHIBITION; ENZYMES; PURIFICATION
AB Retention of a firm, crisp fruit texture is a major consideration for pickled vegetables including pickles made from fermented cucumbers. It is known that cucumbers soften rapidly when fermented at low salt concentrations (< 0.5 M) without added calcium. This study has shown that there is non-enzymatic softening in low salt fermentations because cucumbers soften even when heated sufficiently to inactivate pectinesterase and several glycosidases that can hydrolyse glycosidic linkages that are present in cell wall polysaccharides. Though pectinesterase activity declines and these glycosidases lose activity within the first week of fermentation there is generally greater loss of cucumber tissue firmness when enzymes are not inactivated by heat. While heating cucumbers prior to fermentation reduces softening during subsequent storage, a heat treatment after 2 weeks of fermentation does not reduce softening. This result suggested that the enzymatic reactions responsible for softening occur early in the fermentation process even though the softening does not become evident until later in the storage period. Despite the evidence of an enzymatic component of tissue softening in low salt cucumbers, softening could not be associated with specific enzymes.
C1 [McFeeters, Roger F.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Maruvada, Rashmi] Catalent Pharma Solut, Morrisville, NC USA.
RP McFeeters, RF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM roger.mcfeeters@ars.usda.gov
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 10
U1 6
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0950-5423
J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH
JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 6
BP 1108
EP 1117
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.01925.x
PG 10
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 440OE
UT WOS:000265708800005
ER
PT J
AU Guerrero, JSP
Pimentel, LCG
Skaggs, TH
van Genuchten, MT
AF Guerrero, J. S. Perez
Pimentel, L. C. G.
Skaggs, T. H.
van Genuchten, M. Th.
TI Analytical solution of the advection-diffusion transport equation using
a change-of-variable and integral transform technique
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Analytical solution; Transport equation; Integral transforms
ID 1ST-ORDER DECAY; MODEL
AB This paper presents a formal exact solution of the linear advection-diffusion transport equation with constant coefficients for both transient and steady-state regimes. A classical mathematical substitution transforms the original advection-diffusion equation into an exclusively diffusive equation. The new diffusive problem is solved analytically using the classic version of Generalized Integral Transform Technique (GITT), resulting in an explicit formal solution. The new solution is shown to converge faster than a hybrid analytical-numerical solution previously obtained by applying the GITT directly to the advection-diffusion transport equation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Skaggs, T. H.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
[Pimentel, L. C. G.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Meteorol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Guerrero, J. S. Perez] DIREJ DRS CNEN, Brazilian Nucl Energy Commiss, Radioact Waste Div, BR-22290901 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[van Genuchten, M. Th.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Mech Engn, LTTC COPPE, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
RP Skaggs, TH (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
EM Todd.Skaggs@ars.usda.gov
RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013
OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858
FU Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq); Department of Environmental
Sciences of the University of California Riverside (UCR); United States
Salinity Laboratory (USSL); CAPES
FX The first author acknowledges support by the Brazilian National Research
Council (CNPq), the Department of Environmental Sciences of the
University of California Riverside (UCR) and the United States Salinity
Laboratory (USSL). This research was supported also in part by a
fellowship from CAPES to M. Th. van Genuchten.
NR 25
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 52
IS 13-14
BP 3297
EP 3304
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.02.002
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 447UG
UT WOS:000266216700044
ER
PT J
AU Dvorak, WS
Potter, KM
Hipkins, VD
Hodge, GR
AF Dvorak, W. S.
Potter, K. M.
Hipkins, V. D.
Hodge, G. R.
TI GENETIC DIVERSITY AND GENE EXCHANGE IN PINUS OOCARPA, A MESOAMERICAN
PINE WITH RESISTANCE TO THE PITCH CANKER FUNGUS (FUSARIUM CIRCINATUM)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pinus tecunumanii; Pinus patula; microsatellite markers; gene flow;
biogeography; hybridization
ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
CENTRAL-AMERICA; HARD PINES; PINACEAE; MEXICO; COPY; RADIATA;
DIFFERENTIATION
AB Eleven highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to determine the genetic structure and levels of diversity in 51 natural populations of Pinus oocarpa across its geographic range of 3000 km in Mesoamerica. The study also included 17 populations of Pinus patula and Pinus tecunumanii chosen for their resistance or susceptibility to the pitch canker fungus based on previous research. Seedlings from all 68 populations were screened for pitch canker resistance, and results were correlated to mean genetic diversity and collection site variables. Results indicate that P. oocarpa exhibits average to above-average levels of genetic diversity (A = 19.82, A(R) 11.86, H(E) = 0.711) relative to other conifers. Most populations were out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and a high degree of inbreeding was found in the species (F(IS) = 0.150). Bayesian analysis grouped P. oocarpa into four genetic clusters highly correlated to geography and distinct from P. patula and P. tecunumanii. Historic gene flow across P. oocarpa clusters was observed (N(m) = 1.1-2.7), but the most pronounced values were found between P. oocarpa and P. tecunumanii (low-altitude provenances) in Central America (Nm 9: 7). Pinus oocarpa appears to have two main centers of diversity, one in the Eje Transversal Volcanico in central Mexico and the other in Central America. Introgression between P. oocarpa and P. tecunumanii populations appears to be common. Pinus oocarpa populations showed high resistance to pitch canker (stemkill 3%-8%), a disease that the species has presumably coevolved with in Mesoamerica. Resistance was significantly correlated to the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the collection site but not to any genetic-diversity parameters or degree of admixture with P. tecunumanii.
C1 [Dvorak, W. S.; Hodge, G. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Int Tree Conservat & Domesticat Program CAMCORE, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Potter, K. M.] Forest Sci Lab, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Hipkins, V. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Forest Genet Lab, Placerville, CA 95667 USA.
RP Dvorak, WS (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Int Tree Conservat & Domesticat Program CAMCORE, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Box 8008, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM dvorak@unity.ncsu.edu
OI Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345
FU CAMCORE membership; USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station and
North Carolina State University [08JV11330146078]
FX We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their comments,
which improved the manuscript. We would also like to thank Elmer
Gutierrez, Mike Tighe, Juan Luis Lopez (CAMCORE), and Jose Romero
(formerly with CAMCORE) and our counterparts in Mexico and Central
America for making seed collections throughout Mesoamerica. We would
also like to thank David Boshier of the OFI for the donation of
additional provenances of Pinus oocarpa seeds; Josh Bronson of the U.S.
Forest Service, Rust Screening Center, for conducting the Fusarium
testing; and Willi Woodbridge, Robert Jetton, and Andy Whittier
(CAMCORE) for assistance on the maps and tables. We also appreciate the
advice from Claire Williams (Duke University) and Merv Shepherd
(Southern Cross University) on the selection of microsatellite loci for
the study and the laboratory assistance of Ricardo Hernandez and
Jennifer DeWoody (National Forest Genetics Laboratory). Finally, we
appreciate the financial support of the CAMCORE membership in 17
countries for funding this research project. K. M. Potter's research was
supported in part through Research Joint Venture Agreement
08JV11330146078 between the USDA Forest Service Southern Research
Station and North Carolina State University.
NR 78
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 14
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-5893
J9 INT J PLANT SCI
JI Int. J. Plant Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 170
IS 5
BP 609
EP 626
DI 10.1086/597780
PG 18
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 447VM
UT WOS:000266220100005
ER
PT J
AU Vollrath, TL
Gehlhar, MJ
Hallahan, CB
AF Vollrath, Thomas L.
Gehlhar, Mark J.
Hallahan, Charles B.
TI Bilateral Import Protection, Free Trade Agreements, and Other Factors
Influencing Trade Flows in Agriculture and Clothing
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Factor endowments; geography; gravity; protection; trade agreements;
trade policy; F1; F13; F14
ID EXCHANGE-RATE UNCERTAINTY; GRAVITY EQUATION; INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; LINDER
HYPOTHESIS; REGIONAL TRADE; MODEL; COUNTRIES
AB Many factors shape the global network of bilateral trade including fundamental forces of supply and demand factors and government policies. This study uses the generalised gravity framework to distinguish among the different drivers that either deter or aid partner trade in land-intensive agriculture and labour-intensive clothing. The dataset used in the analysis includes bilateral trade among 70 countries in 1995, 2000 and 2005. Collectively, the 70 countries account for 85% of the world's trade in agriculture and 96% of its GDP. Empirical results lend support to the Heckscher-Ohlin explanation of trade, namely that relative factor endowments motivate cross-border trade. Results also show that tariffs are not always binding and bilateral free-trade agreements more often divert rather than create trade.
C1 [Vollrath, Thomas L.; Gehlhar, Mark J.; Hallahan, Charles B.] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA.
RP Vollrath, TL (reprint author), ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA.
EM thomasv@ers.usda.gov; mgehlhar@ers.usda.gov; hallahan@ers.usda.gov
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-857X
J9 J AGR ECON
JI J. Agric. Econ.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 60
IS 2
BP 298
EP 317
DI 10.1111/j.1477-9552.2008.00186.x
PG 20
WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics
SC Agriculture; Business & Economics
GA 437SV
UT WOS:000265508100003
ER
PT J
AU Cushman, RA
Allan, MF
Kuehn, LA
Snelling, WM
Cupp, AS
Freetly, HC
AF Cushman, R. A.
Allan, M. F.
Kuehn, L. A.
Snelling, W. M.
Cupp, A. S.
Freetly, H. C.
TI Evaluation of antral follicle count and ovarian morphology in crossbred
beef cows: Investigation of influence of stage of the estrous cycle,
age, and birth weight
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE age; antral follicle count; beef cow; birth weight; fertility
ID GONADOTROPIN GENE-EXPRESSION; OVULATION RATE; HEREFORD COWS; BOVINE
MODEL; ENDOCRINE CHARACTERISTICS; DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE; PRIMORDIAL
FOLLICLES; LIFETIME PRODUCTION; WEANING WEIGHT; SHEEP FETUSES
AB Depletion of the ovarian reserve is associated with reproductive senescence in mammalian females, and there is a positive relationship between the size of the ovarian reserve and the number of antral follicles on the surface of the ovary. Therefore, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate the influence of stage of the estrous cycle, age, and birth weight on antral follicle counts (AFC) in beef cows and heifers. Pairs of ovaries were collected from crossbred beef cows at slaughter (n = 72) or at necropsy (n = 333; 0 to 11 yr of age); all visible antral follicles were counted, the ovaries were weighed, and stage of the estrous cycle was estimated based on ovarian morphology. There was no influence of estimated stage of the estrous cycle on AFC (P = 0.36). There was a small but positive effect of birth weight on AFC [AFC = -1.7 +0.31(birth weight); P = 0.007, r(2) = 0.05]. When antral follicle counts were regressed on age, there was a quadratic effect of age such that AFC increased until 5 yr of age and decreased thereafter [AFC = 12.9 + 9.0(yr) - 0.86(yr(2)); P < 0.001, r(2) = 0.22]. In a third experiment, crossbred beef heifers (n = 406; 353 to 463 d of age) at 3 locations were subjected to ovarian ultrasonography on unknown day of the estrous cycle. Heifers were classified as low AFC (< 15 follicle, n = 84) or high AFC (> 24 follicles, n = 178). Whereas estimated stage of the estrous cycle did not influence AFC (P = 0.62), heifers classified as low AFC had smaller ovaries (P = 0.001), decreased birth weight (P = 0.003), and a decreased heifer pregnancy rate (P = 0.05) compared with heifers in the high AFC group. From these results, we conclude that AFC in beef cows and heifers is influenced by birth weight and age but not by stage of the estrous cycle. In beef cows, the number of antral follicles increases to 5 yr of age and then begins to decline. This may indicate that a decrease in fertility due to decline of the ovarian reserve may begin earlier than previously thought in beef cows.
C1 [Cushman, R. A.; Allan, M. F.; Kuehn, L. A.; Snelling, W. M.; Freetly, H. C.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr USMARC, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
[Cupp, A. S.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Cushman, RA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr USMARC, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
EM Bob.Cushman@ars.usda.gov
NR 42
TC 47
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 87
IS 6
BP 1971
EP 1980
DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1728
PG 10
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 446GE
UT WOS:000266108600016
PM 19286826
ER
PT J
AU Weaver, AD
Bowker, BC
Gerrard, DE
AF Weaver, A. D.
Bowker, B. C.
Gerrard, D. E.
TI Sarcomere length influences mu-calpain-mediated proteolysis of bovine
myofibrils
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE beef; mu-calpain; sarcomere length; tenderness; troponin-T
ID PORCINE LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE; TROPONIN-T; FILAMENT LENGTHS; STRIATED
MUSCLE; CATHEPSIN-B; TEMPERATURE; BEEF; MEAT; DEGRADATION; TENDERNESS
AB Muscle shortening and postmortem proteolysis both influence beef tenderness, but their interacting effects on tenderness are relatively unknown. Inherent myofibril structure and the extent of overlap between myosin and actin filaments are hypothesized to affect the availability of substrates for degradation by calpains. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of sarcomere length on the extent of calpain-induced proteolysis of bovine myofibrils in vitro. Bovine semitendinosus muscles were excised within 20 min postmortem and dissected into strips, which were stretched and attached to applicator sticks or allowed slack to generate samples with different sarcomere lengths upon rigor completion. Samples were allowed to undergo rigor in a neutral pH buffer containing a protease inhibitor. Myofibrils were isolated and incubated at room temperature with excess exogenous mu-calpain at a ratio of 1: 800 (wt/wt; enzyme: myofibrillar protein) at pH 6.8 for 0, 2, 60, 1,440, or 2,880 min. Purified troponin was subjected to the same digestion conditions. Proteolysis of troponin T (TnT) was monitored using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Sarcomere length was greater (P < 0.0001) in stretched versus shortened samples (2.99 mu m +/- 0.03 vs. 2.12 +/- 0.03 mu m, respectively, means +/- SE). Western blots for both stretched and shortened samples exhibited bands corresponding to intact TnT and TnT fragments. The abundance of intact TnT decreased (P < 0.0001) with incubation time across both treatments. At 1,440 and 2,880 min, less (P < 0.05) intact TnT was detected in samples with long sarcomeres. These data indicate proteolysis of TnT occurs to a greater extent in samples with longer sarcomeres, possibly due to easier access of proteases to their targeted substrates. Degradation patterns of TnT were qualitatively similar between myofibrils and purified troponin after incubation with mu-calpain. Therefore, it is unlikely that the mechanism by which proteolysis is limited in short sarcomeres involves an actomyosin-mediated interference of TnT.
C1 [Weaver, A. D.; Gerrard, D. E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Bowker, B. C.] USDA ARS, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Gerrard, DE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM dgerrard@vt.edu
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 87
IS 6
BP 2096
EP 2103
DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1317
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 446GE
UT WOS:000266108600031
PM 19329480
ER
PT J
AU Aiken, GE
Strickland, JR
Looper, ML
Bush, LP
Schrick, FN
AF Aiken, G. E.
Strickland, J. R.
Looper, M. L.
Bush, L. P.
Schrick, F. N.
TI Hemodynamics are altered in the caudal artery of beef heifers fed
different ergot alkaloid concentrations
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE beef cattle; Doppler ultrasonography; fescue toxicosis; Lolium
arundinaceum; tall fescue; vasoconstriction
ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; SERUM PROLACTIN; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; CATTLE;
VASOCONSTRICTION; CONSUMPTION; TOXICOSIS; RESPONSES; BIOASSAY; REFLEX
AB Doppler ultrasonography was used to compare blood flow characteristics in the caudal artery of heifers fed diets with endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) noninfected (E-, 0 mu g of ergovaline/g of DM), a 1: 1 mixture of endophyte-infected and E( E+E-; 0.39 mu g of ergovaline/g of DM), or endophyte-infected (E+, 0.79 mu g of ergovaline/g of DM) tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) seed. Eighteen crossbred (Angus x Brangus) heifers [345 +/- 19 kg (SD)] were assigned to individual pens and fed chopped alfalfa hay plus a concentrate that contained E-tall fescue seed for 7 d during an adjustment period. A 9-d experimental period followed with feeding treatments of chopped alfalfa hay plus a concentrate with E+, E-, or E+ E- seed being assigned randomly to pens. Doppler ultrasound measurements (caudal artery luminal area, peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, mean velocity, heart rate, and flow rate) and serum prolactin were monitored during the adjustment (3 baseline measures) and during the experimental period (7 measures). Statistical analyses compared proportionate differences between baseline and responses at 3, 27, 51, 75, 171, and 195 h from initial feeding of the experimental diets. Serum prolactin concentrations for E+ and E+ E- diets were less (P < 0.001) than baseline concentrations beginning at 27 and 51 h, respectively, from initial feeding of the diets. Although baseline measures were taken when ambient temperatures were likely below thermoneutrality, caudal artery luminal cross-sectional area in E+ heifers had declined (P = 0.004) from baseline by 27 h and remained less (P < 0.02) until 195 h, and caudal artery luminal area declined (P = 0.004) in E+ E- heifers from baseline by 51 h and remained less (P < 0.07) until 171 h. Blood flow rate was slower than the baseline rate at 51 h for E+ (P = 0.058) and E+ E- (P = 0.02 heifers, but blood flow remained slower in E+ E- heifers for 48 h, whereas it remained slower in E+ heifers for 96 h. Adjustments in artery luminal area and blood rate with the 3 diets appeared to parallel the increases in ambient temperature. Heifers fed a diet containing a larger amount of ergot alkaloids had less of a response to ambient temperature than heifers consuming the diet with less or no ergot alkaloids.
C1 [Aiken, G. E.; Strickland, J. R.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Looper, M. L.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA.
[Bush, L. P.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Schrick, F. N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Aiken, GE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
EM glen.aiken@ars.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 87
IS 6
BP 2142
EP 2150
DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1562
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 446GE
UT WOS:000266108600036
PM 19251925
ER
PT J
AU Franklin, DH
Cabrera, ML
Byers, HL
Matthews, MK
Andrae, JG
Radcliffe, DE
McCann, MA
Kuykendall, HA
Hoveland, CS
Calvert, VH
AF Franklin, D. H.
Cabrera, M. L.
Byers, H. L.
Matthews, M. K.
Andrae, J. G.
Radcliffe, D. E.
McCann, M. A.
Kuykendall, H. A.
Hoveland, C. S.
Calvert, V. H., II
TI Impact of water troughs on cattle use of riparian zones in the Georgia
Piedmont in the United States
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE beef cattle; global positioning system collar; riparian zone; tall
fescue
ID GROUND COVER IMPACTS; PASTURE; STREAM; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENT; PATTERNS;
EXPORT; GIS
AB Cattle use of riparian areas may lead to stream water contamination with nutrients, pathogens, and sediments. Providing alternative water away from the stream may reduce the amount of time cattle spend near streams and therefore reduce contamination. We conducted this study to 1) evaluate the effect of providing water troughs outside of the riparian zones on the amount of time cattle spend in riparian zones, and 2) evaluate if environmental factors such as temperature and humidity affect the impact of water trough availability on the amount of time cattle spend within riparian and nonriparian locations. Global positioning system (GPS) collars were used to document cow locations every 5 min in 2 mixed tall fescue/common bermuda-grass pastures of the Georgia Piedmont in the United States. We found that when the temperature and humidity index (THI) ranged between 62 and 72, providing cattle with water troughs outside of riparian zones tended to decrease time cattle spent in riparian zones by 63% (52 min.d(-1); P = 0.11). When THI ranged between 72 and 84, nonriparian water availability did not have a significant impact on the amount of time cattle spent in the riparian zone or in riparian shade. These results suggest that water troughs placed away from unfenced streams may improve water quality by reducing the amount of time cattle spend in riparian zones when environmental conditions as evaluated by THI are not stressful.
C1 [Franklin, D. H.; McCann, M. A.] USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA.
[Cabrera, M. L.; Byers, H. L.; Matthews, M. K.; Andrae, J. G.; Radcliffe, D. E.; Hoveland, C. S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[McCann, M. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Calvert, V. H., II] Univ Georgia, Cent Res & Educ Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Franklin, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA.
EM dory.franklin@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-ARS; Hatch funds; USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service
FX This research was supported by funds from the USDA-ARS, state, and Hatch
funds allocated to the Georgia Agric. Exp. Stn., as well as funds
provided by the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service. The authors
are grateful to Eric Brazil, Gerald Cathey, Lynn Clapp, the late Tom
Fitzgerald, Johnnie Hash, Nick Hill, Timothy Hunnicutt, Frank Newsome,
John Rema, Glenn Ware, and Chad Westmoreland ( all from University of
Georgia, Athens) for their technical assistance.
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 87
IS 6
BP 2151
EP 2159
DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1522
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 446GE
UT WOS:000266108600037
PM 19286818
ER
PT J
AU Crone, EE
Marler, M
Pearson, DE
AF Crone, Elizabeth E.
Marler, Marilyn
Pearson, Dean E.
TI Non-target effects of broadleaf herbicide on a native perennial forb: a
demographic framework for assessing and minimizing impacts
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Balsamorhiza sagittata; Centaurea maculosa; decision analysis;
grassland; matrix model; pesticide; picloram; population dynamics;
sensitivity analysis; weed control
ID GLACIER NATIONAL-PARK; POPULATION VIABILITY; RANDOM-ENVIRONMENTS;
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; CENTAUREA-MACULOSA; SPOTTED KNAPWEED; FESCUE
GRASSLAND; INVASIVE PLANTS; MANAGEMENT; MODELS
AB Invasive species are one of the leading threats to biodiversity worldwide. Therefore, chemical herbicides are increasingly used to control invasive plants in natural and semi-natural areas. Little is known about the non-target impacts of these chemicals on native species.
We conducted an experiment to test the demographic effects of the herbicide picloram on a native dominant forb, arrowleaf balsamroot Balsamorhiza sagittata. As reported in earlier studies, picloram did not change leaf area of balsamroot in the short term (5 years). However, a single application of picloram dramatically reduced flowering and seed set, and these effects have persisted for at least 4 years after spraying.
Matrix population models based on these data suggest that arrowleaf balsamroot is slowly declining in the presence of weeds, rapidly declining in the presence of herbicide, but might experience a release period after the herbicide decays and before weeds reinvade.
Therefore, from the perspective of persistence of this native wildflower, herbicide use can be beneficial or detrimental, depending on how often a site is sprayed and how long the herbicide persists in the soil. In this system, spraying intervals of more than 10 years may be beneficial, but intervals of less than 5 years will be detrimental. In general, our results emphasize the importance of finding ways to combine herbicide use with other weed control techniques to maximize return intervals and minimize non-target impacts.
Synthesis and applications. Herbicide use in natural areas differs fundamentally from herbicide use in agricultural areas, because the non-target species are not directly under management control. Herbicides inevitably will impact non-target species due to limitations in selectivity. Herbicide persistence and reapplication intervals are key factors determining the demographic impacts of herbicides on native plants. Understanding how persistence and reapplication timing interact with native plant demography allows us to develop management prescriptions that minimize non-target effects in natural areas. To date, this interface of ecology and management has received little attention from practitioners or researchers.
C1 [Crone, Elizabeth E.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Marler, Marilyn; Pearson, Dean E.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Pearson, Dean E.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
RP Crone, EE (reprint author), Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM elizabeth.crone@umontana.edu
RI Crone, Elizabeth/C-3935-2009
FU City of Missoula [NSF 02-36427, DEB 02-40963]
FX Setup of the initial experiment was contributed by the City of Missoula,
and monitoring was partly funded by NSF 02-36427 and DEB 02-40963 to E.
E. Crone. We are grateful to numerous assistants who helped monitor
plots including B. Christiaens, K. Crider, M. Ellis, J. Gremer, L.
Polansky, R. Selbe, M. Valliant, A. Van Eck, and R. Yurkewiscz. P.
Lesica and J. Maron provided comments on this manuscript and discussion
throughout this project.
NR 48
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8901
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 46
IS 3
BP 673
EP 682
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01635.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 439GE
UT WOS:000265614800022
ER
PT J
AU Karut, K
Naranjo, SE
AF Karut, K.
Naranjo, S. E.
TI Mortality factors affecting Bemisia tabaci populations on cotton in
Turkey
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bemisia tabaci; key-factor; life-table; marginal mortality; parasitism;
predation
ID LIFE-TABLE ANALYSIS; KEY FACTORS; NATURAL ENEMIES; ALEYRODIDAE;
HOMOPTERA; PARASITOIDS; DYNAMICS; CUKUROVA; ARGENTIFOLII; GENNADIUS
AB Cohort-based, partial life tables were constructed to determine the sources and rates of mortality factors affecting Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on cotton in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey over a two year period. Mortality factors were recorded as due to predation, parasitism, dislodgement and unknown for five developmental stages. Across 10 independent cohorts, the highest median rate of marginal mortality pooled over all stages was attributed to parasitism (0.69) followed by predation (0.67). The key factor was hypothesized to be parasitism based on graphical and regression-based comparison of individual factor k-values to total generational mortality. The greatest amount of marginal immature mortality occurred during the fourth nymphal stadium (median = 0.77) and mortality during this stage was also most predictive of variation in total mortality. Pooled over all developmental stages, the highest rates of irreplaceable mortality were associated with parasitism (median: 0.112), followed by predation (0.088), dislodgement (0.020) and unknown (0.017). Although crawler mortality was not explicitly measured, sensitivity analyses indicated that mortality during this stage would have changed total mortality by only 0.45-1.21% and had no effect on identification of key factors. There was no significant effect of cotton cultivar on any mortality factor or total mortality over the two years of study. Results suggest that conservation of natural enemies, particularly parasitoids, may provide for more sustainable management of B. tabaci on cotton in Turkey.
C1 [Karut, K.] Cukurova Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, Adana, Turkey.
[Naranjo, S. E.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA.
RP Karut, K (reprint author), Cukurova Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, Adana, Turkey.
EM karuti@cu.edu.tr
FU TUBITAK [TOGTAG-3037]
FX This work was funded by project TOGTAG-3037 from the TUBITAK (The
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey). We thank Dan
Gerling (Tel Aviv University), T-X Liu (Texas A&M University) and Cengiz
Kazak (Cukurova University) for helpful comments on earlier draft of
this manuscript.
NR 37
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0931-2048
EI 1439-0418
J9 J APPL ENTOMOL
JI J. Appl. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 133
IS 5
BP 367
EP 374
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2008.01369.x
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 445CQ
UT WOS:000266027700005
ER
PT J
AU Kroupitski, Y
Pinto, R
Brandl, MT
Belausov, E
Sela, S
AF Kroupitski, Y.
Pinto, R.
Brandl, M. T.
Belausov, E.
Sela, S.
TI Interactions of Salmonella enterica with lettuce leaves
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE acid; biofilm; chlorine; disinfection; fresh-cut; leaf; persistence;
produce; Romaine lettuce; Salmonella; stress; survival
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; BIOFILM FORMATION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES;
SEROVAR THOMPSON; ALFALFA SPROUTS; TYPHIMURIUM; ATTACHMENT; SURFACES;
SURVIVAL; PRODUCE
AB Aims: To investigate the interactions of Salmonella enterica with abiotic and plant surfaces and their effect on the tolerance of the pathogen to various stressors.
Methods and Results: Salmonella strains were tested for their ability to form biofilm in various growth media using a polystyrene plate model. Strong biofilm producers were found to attach better to intact Romaine lettuce leaf tissue compared to weak producers. Confocal microscopy and viable count studies revealed preferential attachment of Salmonella to cut-regions of the leaf after 2 h at 25 degrees C, but not for 18 h at 4 degrees C. Storage of intact lettuce pieces contaminated with Salmonella for 9 days at 4 degrees C resulted only in small changes in population size. Exposure of lettuce-associated Salmonella cells to acidic conditions (pH 3.0) revealed increased tolerance of the attached vs planktonic bacteria.
Conclusions: Biofilm formation on polystyrene may provide a suitable model to predict the initial interaction of Salmonella with cut Romaine lettuce leaves. Association of the pathogen with lettuce leaves facilitates its persistence during storage and enhances its acid tolerance.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Understanding the interactions between foodborne pathogens and lettuce might be useful in developing new approaches to prevent fresh produce-associated outbreaks.
C1 [Kroupitski, Y.; Pinto, R.; Sela, S.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr,Inst Technol & Storage Fresh Produce, Dept Food Sci, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel.
[Kroupitski, Y.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Dept Human Microbiol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Brandl, M. T.] USDA ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA USA.
[Belausov, E.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Confocal Microscopy Unit, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel.
RP Sela, S (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr,Inst Technol & Storage Fresh Produce, Dept Food Sci, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, POB 6, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel.
EM shlomos@volcani.agri.gov.il
FU BARD [US-3949-06]
FX We thank Herbert P. Schweizer (Colorado State University, Fort Collins,
CO) for his gift of pUC18T-mini-Tn7T-Gm-ecfpb and I. Ofek for
encouragement and discussions. This work was supported in part by a BARD
grant (US-3949-06) awarded to M.T.B. and S.S.
NR 35
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U1 3
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 6
BP 1876
EP 1885
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04152.x
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 443DN
UT WOS:000265890500011
PM 19239550
ER
PT J
AU Corzo, A
Dozier, WA
Loar, RE
Kidd, MT
Tillman, PB
AF Corzo, A.
Dozier, W. A., III
Loar, R. E., II
Kidd, M. T.
Tillman, P. B.
TI Assessing the threonine-to-lysine ratio of female broilers from 14 to 28
days of age
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE broiler; lysine; threonine
ID AMINO-ACID PROFILE; CHICKENS; GROWTH; NEEDS
AB Diets for straight-run broiler flocks are often formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of male broilers, assuming this will cover the nutrient needs of the females. Delineating the nutrient needs of female broilers may allow for a more precise formulation and may lead to a reduction in associated feed cost, particularly when feeding sexes separately. A study was designed to simultaneously evaluate the dietary needs of Lys and Thr of a high-yielding female broiler from 14 to 28 d of age. Dose-response diets were accomplished via the diet-dilution technique, and were formulated to provide a range from 0.84 to 1.24% and 0.46% to 0.86% standardized digestible Lys and Thr, respectively. Requirement estimates ranged from 1.06 to 1.11% for standardized digestible Lys, depending on the parameter and the statistical method used, whereas Thr requirement estimates ranged between 0.73 and 0.79%. In addition to the aforementioned requirement estimates, Thr-to-Lys ratios of 69 for BW gain and 70 for FCR were calculated.
C1 [Corzo, A.; Loar, R. E., II; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Dozier, W. A., III] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Tillman, P. B.] Ajinomoto Heartland LLC, Chicago, IL 60631 USA.
RP Corzo, A (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM acorzo@poultry.msstate.edu
NR 14
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 1056-6171
J9 J APPL POULTRY RES
JI J. Appl. Poult. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 2
BP 237
EP 243
DI 10.3382/japr.2008-00107
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 461KF
UT WOS:000267265000013
ER
PT J
AU Hannah, JF
Fletcher, DL
Cox, NA
Smith, DP
Cason, JA
Northcutt, JK
Richardson, LJ
Buhr, RJ
AF Hannah, J. F.
Fletcher, D. L.
Cox, N. A.
Smith, D. P.
Cason, J. A.
Northcutt, J. K.
Richardson, L. J.
Buhr, R. J.
TI Impact of added sand on the recovery of Salmonella, Campylobacter,
Escherichia coli, and coliforms from prechill and postchill commercial
broiler carcass halves
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Salmonella; Campylobacter; Escherichia coli; sand; half-carcass rinse
ID POULTRY CARCASSES; SAMPLING METHODS; BACTERIA; IMMERSION; CONTAMINATION;
NUMBERS; WATER; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; CHICKENS; COUNTS
AB Salmonella and Campylobacter are often associated with raw poultry products and continue to be leading causes of food-borne gastroenteritis in the United States. As a result, the presence of these organisms on broiler carcasses is monitored on a routine basis. Abrasive rinsing methods (e.g., adding glass beads) have been shown to increase the level of bacteria recovered from carcasses or carcass parts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the addition of sand to the rinse on bacterial enumeration and the prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter recovered from broiler carcasses. During each of 4 replications, 6 prechill and 6 postchill broiler carcasses were collected from a commercial processing plant. All carcasses were split along the dorso-ventral midline. Carcass halves were rinsed in buffered peptone water, whereas the companion half was rinsed in buffered peptone water with sterile sand added. All carcass halves were rinsed for 1 min and the rinsate was collected. Salmonella, coliforms, and Escherichia coli were enumerated and the prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter was determined. Salmonella and Campylobacter were isolated from 17 and 50% of the carcass halves, respectively. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in Salmonella or Campylobacter prevalence from carcass halves rinsed with or without sand. The addition of sand to the rinse had no effect on the number of Salmonella, coliforms, or E. coli recovered from prechill or postchill carcass halves. These results show that adding sand to the rinse liquid did not improve the recovery of bacteria present on the carcass in either moderate (2.6 log(10) cfu/mL rinsate) or low numbers (<3 cfu/mL of rinsate).
C1 [Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.; Buhr, R. J.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
[Smith, D. P.] ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
[Cason, J. A.; Northcutt, J. K.] ARS, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
[Hannah, J. F.; Fletcher, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
EM Jeff.Buhr@ars.usda.gov
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 1056-6171
J9 J APPL POULTRY RES
JI J. Appl. Poult. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 2
BP 252
EP 258
DI 10.3382/japr.2008-00087
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 461KF
UT WOS:000267265000015
ER
PT J
AU Gurtler, JB
AF Gurtler, J. B.
TI Evaluation of plating media for recovering Salmonella from thermally
treated egg albumen
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE egg albumen; Salmonella; medium; pasteurization; recovery
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MINIMAL MEDIUM RECOVERY; INJURED SALMONELLA;
LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; IRON SUPPLEMENTATION;
FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; ACCELERATED DEATH; TYPHIMURIUM DT104; SHELL EGGS
AB Salmonella spp. present in pasteurized egg albumen are often difficult to recover by direct plating because of thermal injury and the presence of innate iron binding and other antimicrobials in egg white. The literature has reported a multiplicity of selective and nonselective media used to recover heat-injured Salmonella, to measure the proportion of injured cells, or both. This study compared the proficiency of selective and nonselective plating media for supporting colony development or for assessing bacterial injury of heat-stressed Salmonella from egg albumen. A 6-strain composite of Salmonella was added to albumen (pH 9.0), heated at 53.3 degrees C for 3.1 min, and plated on 26 nonselective and 22 selective media. Recovery of heat-injured salmonellae varied little (<= 0.52 log cfu/mL) among the nonselective media tryptic soy agar, plate count agar, dextrose tryptone agar, or brain heart infusion agar, regardless of the manufacturer. Selective media that were optimal for recovery of salmonellae from albumen included 3 brilliant green agars, Levine eosin methylene blue agar, and bismuth sulfite agar, which recovered more cells (P <= 0.05) than selenite-cystine, tetrathionate, xylose-lysine-tergitol-4, xylose lysine deoxycholate, or Rappaport-Vassiliadis agars. The results of this study may assist in choosing selective or nonselective media to maximize the recovery of Salmonella from thermally treated albumen.
C1 ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Gurtler, JB (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM joshua.gurtler@ars.usda.gov
NR 55
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 1056-6171
J9 J APPL POULTRY RES
JI J. Appl. Poult. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 2
BP 297
EP 309
DI 10.3382/japr.2008-00109
PG 13
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 461KF
UT WOS:000267265000021
ER
PT J
AU Dozier, WA
Behnke, K
Twining, P
Branton, SL
AF Dozier, W. A., III
Behnke, K.
Twining, P.
Branton, S. L.
TI Effects of the addition of roller mill ground corn to pelleted feed
during a fifty-six-day production period on growth performance and
processing yields of broiler chickens
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE broiler; corn; feed manufacturing; grinding; particle size
ID RESPONSES
AB Poor pelleting production rates can raise the milling cost and increase the frequency of feed outages for broiler integrated operations. The number of broilers marketed to heavy BW has been increasing, and meeting feed delivery schedules can be problematic with "big bird" complexes. Adding rolled corn post pellet is a management strategy to increase feed production rate while concurrently decreasing energy use of the grinding and pelleting processes. This study evaluated the addition of screened rolled corn to pelleted feed on live performance and meat yield of broiler chickens during a 56-d grow-out. Four dietary treatments were provided: A) a control, no added corn post pellet from 18 to 56 d of age; B) addition of 25% of the formulated corn post pellet from 18 to 56 d of age; C) addition of 10, 20, and 30% of the formulated corn post pellet from 18 to 35, 36 to 46, and 47 to 56 d of age, respectively; and D) addition of 20, 30, and 40% of the formulated corn post pellet from 18 to 35, 36 to 46, and 47 to 56 d of age, respectively. Final BW, cumulative feed conversion, 38-d BW uniformity, and 57-d breast meat weight and yield were similar among the dietary treatments. These results indicate screened rolled corn can be added post pellet without adversely affecting broiler performance and meat yield.
C1 [Dozier, W. A., III; Branton, S. L.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Behnke, K.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Twining, P.] Paul Twining Associates Inc, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA.
RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, 201 Poultry Sci Bldg,260 Lem Morrison Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM bill.dozier@auburn.edu
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 1056-6171
J9 J APPL POULTRY RES
JI J. Appl. Poult. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 2
BP 310
EP 317
DI 10.3382/japr.2008-00139
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 461KF
UT WOS:000267265000022
ER
PT J
AU Reynnells, R
AF Reynnells, R.
TI Washington update
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
CT 97th Annual Meeting of the Poultry-Science-Association
CY JUL 20-23, 2008
CL Niagara Falls, CANADA
SP Poultry Sci Assoc
DE animal welfare and behavior; multistate research committee; support
personnel award; meetings; workshop history
AB Jesse and Doris Lyons are the recipients of the 2008 Poultry Extension Special Recognition Award for their exceptional contributions to state, regional, and national extension programs. The National Poultry Extension Workshop continues to be possible only through the dedicated efforts of volunteers. In a welcome break from tradition, the workshop was moved from Sunday to Monday morning, which reduced personal conflicts related to Saturday travel and early Sunday meetings. The Future Trends in Animal Agriculture 2008 Symposium was "Complementary Relationships in Animal Agriculture." The 2009 Quadrennial Poultry Extension Workshop will be held in Raleigh, North Carolina. The National Poultry Waste Management Symposium coordinator for 2008 is Casey Ritz, University of Georgia. The USDA grants, deadlines, and procedures can be found on the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Internet site (http://www.csrees.usda.gov). The Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, Plant and Animal Systems has yearly internal reviews of its various portfolios that summarize the accomplishments and impacts of system personnel. Program accountability requires documentation by everyone. Now and in the future, cooperation, networking, teamwork, and participation in multistate research committees are essential to our ability to make meaningful contributions to the poultry system. Several universities now provide animal welfare education programs, including participation in assessment competitions and distance education. The Animal Welfare Assessment Contest will be coordinated by Michigan State University for the next few years. Tyson Foods sponsors the Poultry Science Association Support Personnel Award, and Felicity Dennis of the University of Alberta was the 2008 recipient.
C1 CSREES, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
RP Reynnells, R (reprint author), CSREES, USDA, 800 9th St,SW,Room 3140 Waterfront Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
EM rreynnells@csrees.usda.gov
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 1056-6171
J9 J APPL POULTRY RES
JI J. Appl. Poult. Res.
PD SUM
PY 2009
VL 18
IS 2
BP 389
EP 397
DI 10.3382/japr.2008-00121
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 461KF
UT WOS:000267265000030
ER
PT J
AU Straus, DL
Mitchell, AJ
Carter, RR
Steeby, JA
AF Straus, David. L.
Mitchell, Andrew J.
Carter, Ray R.
Steeby, James A.
TI Optimizing Copper Sulfate Treatments for Fungus Control on Channel
Catfish Eggs
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
AB This range-finding study determined the optimum concentration of copper sulfate (CuSO(4)) for fungus control on eggs of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The study consisted of five CuSO(4) concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) and an untreated control in a flow-through system. A single spawn was used for each replication (N = 4). Eggs were treated daily until the embryos reached the eyed stage. When hatching was complete for all viable eggs, fry were counted to determine the percent survival in each treatment. Fungal growth was severe in the untreated controls; survival of hatched fry in the control group was approximately 2%. The Optimum CuSO(4) treatment, as determined by percent survival of hatched fry, was 10 mg/L daily (69% survival); survival for this treatment group was significantly different from that for the controls. Very little fungus was present in treatments receiving 10-mg/L CuSO(4) or higher except in one replication that had approximately 40% unfertilized eggs. ne average survival rates in the 0-, 2.5-, 5-, 10-, 20-, and 40-mg/L CuSO(4) treatments were 2, 34, 50, 69, 59, and 51%, respectively.
C1 [Straus, David. L.; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Carter, Ray R.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
[Steeby, James A.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Belzoni, MS 39038 USA.
RP Straus, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
EM dave.straus@ars.usda.gov
NR 19
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 21
IS 2
BP 91
EP 97
DI 10.1577/H07-057.1
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 522UU
UT WOS:000272025300003
PM 19873830
ER
PT J
AU Small, BC
AF Small, Brian C.
TI Evaluation of Sodium Carbonate Peroxyhydrate as a Potential Catfish Egg
Disinfectant
SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE TREATMENT; EFFICACY; PERCARBONATE
AB Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate (SCP) in improving the hatching success of channel catfish Ictalurus Punctatus when used as a prophylactic chemotherapeutant during egg incubation. In the first experiment, the efficacy of SCP was evaluated in 379-L aluminum incubation troughs similar to those used in commercial hatcheries. Egg masses treated daily with 254 mg of SCP/L of water had significantly higher mean hatching success than untreated controls, and a pathogen-inhibiting effect was also evident (i.e., no gross infection was observed on the treated egg masses). In the second experiment, the hatching success of egg masses treated daily with 254 mg/L was compared with that of egg masses treated daily with hydrogen peroxide (70 mg/L). The effects of both treatments on the pH, dissolved oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide concentrations in the trough were also examined. Both SCP and hydrogen peroxide significantly improved hatching success. Unlike in the treatment with hydrogen peroxide, water pH increased during the treatment with SCP; however, no negative effects on hatching success were observed. The results of this research suggest that SCP acts similarly to hydrogen peroxide in improving channel catfish hatching success and warrants further research to determine whether it could be a practical and effective alternative for managing catfish egg infections in commercial hatcheries.
C1 ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Small, BC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM brian.small@ars.usda.gov
RI Small, Brian/I-3762-2012
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0899-7659
J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH
JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 21
IS 2
BP 117
EP 123
DI 10.1577/H08-058.1
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 522UU
UT WOS:000272025300006
PM 19873833
ER
PT J
AU Haubensak, K
D'Antonio, C
Wixon, D
AF Haubensak, K.
D'Antonio, C.
Wixon, D.
TI Effects of fire and environmental variables on plant structure and
composition in grazed salt desert shrublands of the Great Basin (USA)
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cheatgrass; Fire; Grass/fire cycle; Great Basin; Invasion; Non-native
grasses; Post-fire recovery; Shrub recruitment
ID BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS; BROMUS-TECTORUM-L; SEED BANKS; DYNAMICS;
WILDFIRE; GERMINATION; CHEATGRASS; VEGETATION; SAGEBRUSH; RECOVERY
AB Fire in shrub-dominated portions of the Great Basin. largely fueled by non-native annuals such as Bromus tectorum, has become an important structuring force altering vegetation composition and soil characteristics. The extent to which fire affects native species in drier portions of the Great Basin, termed salt desert, is poorly documented. We conducted a survey of grazed salt desert habitat in northwestern Nevada 5 years after wildfires burned 650,000 ha, with the goal of investigating community response to fire and factors correlating with post-fire recovery. We found that recruitment of a dominant shrub, Artemisia spinescens, is severely restricted following fire: it occurred in only 2 of the 24 burned sites. The co-dominant shrub, Atriplex confertifolia, occurred in most burned sites although on average its percent cover was one-third lower than adjacent unburned sites. Biotic soil crust cover was four times lower, and non-native species cover 5 times higher, in burned sites compared to unburned. Ordination analyses confirmed differences among plant communities in burned versus unburned sites, with environmental variables soil conductivity, plant litter, soil potassium (K+) and pH explaining 38% of the variance in community composition. However, we found no environmental predictors of recovery for native species in burned sites. Future recruitment is likely to be further limited, as fire frequency in the salt desert is expected to increase with invasion by non-native annual grasses and with global climate change. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Haubensak, K.; D'Antonio, C.; Wixon, D.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
RP Haubensak, K (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM karen.haubensak@nau.edu; dantonio@es.ucsb.edu; wixonkeller@wisc.edu
NR 48
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 21
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD JUN-JUL
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 6-7
BP 643
EP 650
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.12.020
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 448YW
UT WOS:000266298900008
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, JS
Messinger, OJ
Griswold, T
AF Wilson, J. S.
Messinger, O. J.
Griswold, T.
TI Variation between bee communities on a sand dune complex in the Great
Basin Desert, North America: Implications for sand dune conservation
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Apiformes; Beta diversity; Bray-Curtis similarity; Community
composition; Hymenoptera; Utah
ID OFF-ROAD VEHICLES; LANDSCAPE; HYMENOPTERA; PLANT; DYNAMICS; ECOLOGY;
RESOURCES; DIVERSITY; IMPACTS; APOIDEA
AB Sand dunes across the Mojave and Great Basin Deserts house rich bee communities. The pollination services these bees provide can be vital in maintaining the diverse, and often endemic, dune flora. These dune environments, however, are threatened by intense off-highway vehicle (OHV) use. Conservation efforts adopted by land managers often consist of setting aside a portion of a dune system that is off-limits to OHV use, but little work has been done showing the extent to which this protects native bee communities. A two-year study of bee communities on a Great Basin sand dune complex in Dugway Proving Ground located in northwestern Utah revealed low similarity index values between closely situated collecting plots (1-40 km apart). Similarity values ranged from 0.13 to 0.70 for species composition, and from 0.07 to 0.57 when similarity was weighted by abundance. Distance between plots had no significant relationship to similarity when richness and abundance were considered. Bee similarity between plots was significantly correlated with floral similarity. These results indicate that dune conservation strategies that preserve "representative" portions of dune systems may be insufficient to protect bees and the pollination services they provide. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wilson, J. S.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Messinger, O. J.; Griswold, T.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Wilson, JS (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM jwilson@biology.usu.edu
FU Department of Defense and Dugway Proving Ground
FX We thank R.A. Nelson, C. Davidson, H. Ikerd, C. Boyer, E. Jarrel, J.
Pitts, and L Wilson for field assistance, S. Plunkett for direction,
logistical support, and the opportunity, and D. Tanner, V. Tepedino, R.
Winfree, and two anonymous reviewers for suggestions which greatly
improved this manuscript. Finally, we thank the Department of Defense
and Dugway Proving Ground for the funding to conduct this study.
NR 50
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 26
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD JUN-JUL
PY 2009
VL 73
IS 6-7
BP 666
EP 671
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.01.004
PG 6
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 448YW
UT WOS:000266298900011
ER
PT J
AU Onwulate, CI
Thomas, AE
Cooke, PH
AF Onwulate, C. I.
Thomas, A. E.
Cooke, P. H.
TI Effects of Biomass in Polyethylene or Polylactic Acid Composites
SO JOURNAL OF BIOBASED MATERIALS AND BIOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomass; Polyethylene; Polylactic Acid; Dairy Bioplastic; Moisture
Uptake
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RENEWABLE RESOURCES; BIODEGRADABLE POLYESTERS;
POLYMERIC BLENDS; SOY PROTEIN; STARCH; PRODUCTS; PLASTICS; ENVIRONMENT;
BIOPLASTICS
AB There is need for bioplastics to replace some of the total petroleum plastics used in the world, and help alleviate environmental pollution. Compounding bioplastics with Polyethylene (PE) or Polylactic acid (PLA) containing a dairy-based bioplastic resulted in composites with good mechanical properties. In this study, mass ratios of a dairy-protein-based material (DBP) ranging from 0, 5, 10 and 20 wt% replaced equivalent masses of PE or PLA in the blends used for injection-molding of ASTM D4065 composite specimens. The PE/DBP composites were moldable up to 20 wt%, but PLA/DBP composites were moldable only up to 10 wt%. PE/DBP and PLA/DBP composites placed in 75% relative humidity chambers absorbed less than 1% moisture after 500 h. Peak melt for PE/DBP composites increased by 2.8 degrees C at 5 wt% DBP and by 4.2 degrees C at 20 wt% DBP; melt enthalpy decreased by 8.1 J/kg at 20 wt% DBP. Peak melt for PLA/DBP composites increased by 3.7 degrees C at 5 wt% DBP and 2.0 degrees C at 10 wt% DBP; melt enthalpy did not change. Cold crystallization of PLA was at 184.9 degrees C, but with 5 wt% DBP at 104.3 degrees C, and 10 wt% DBP at 99.1 degrees C. Storage modulus of PE/DBP decreased by 44 MPa at 5 wt% DBP, and increased by 117 MPa at 20 wt% DBP. Storage modulus of PLA/DBP increased by 210 MPa at 5 wt% DBP but decreased by 190 MPa at 10 wt%. DBP Adding DBP to PE increased elongation at peak, tensile modulus and impact resistance and flexural modulus at 20 wt%, but decreased peak load at break, flexural modulus between 5 to 10 wt%, and impact resistance at 20 wt%. Impact failure was partial for PE/DBR Adding DBP to PLA increased stiffness at 5 wt%, but caused complete failure at 10 wt%. The effect of DBP on PE or PLA depended on the quantity added; PE composite properties were generally less negatively affected.
C1 [Onwulate, C. I.; Thomas, A. E.; Cooke, P. H.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Onwulate, CI (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM Charles.Onwulata@ars.usda.gov
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 18
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI STEVENSON RANCH
PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA
SN 1556-6560
J9 J BIOBASED MATER BIO
JI J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 3
IS 2
BP 172
EP 180
DI 10.1166/jbmb.2009.1015
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 481GH
UT WOS:000268795000008
ER
PT J
AU Sujatha, K
Mahalakshmi, A
Solaiman, DKY
Shenbagarathai, R
AF Sujatha, Kabilan
Mahalakshmi, Ayyasamy
Solaiman, Daniel K. Y.
Shenbagarathai, Rajaiah
TI Sequence Analysis, Structure Prediction, and Functional Validation of
phaC1/phaC2 Genes of Pseudomonas sp LDC-25 and Its Importance in
Polyhydroxyalkanoate Accumulation
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE alpha/beta hydrolase fold; FT-IR; Biopolyester; Lipase box; PHA
synthase; Threading
ID BIOSYNTHESIS GENES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RALSTONIA-EUTROPHA; PHA SYNTHASE;
PCR CLONING; PROTEIN; POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE); SPECTROSCOPY; ALGORITHMS;
BACTERIA
AB Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are attractive biomaterials in both conventional medical devices and tissue engineering. PHA synthase is responsible for catalyzing the formation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), but its structural information is limited. Hence, this study focuses to predict 3D model for phaC1 and phaC2 genes of field-soil strain Pseudomonas sp. LDC-25 and to validate the functional properties through in vitro Studies. The phaC1/ phaC2 genes were amplified, cloned, and sequenced. The sequence analysis showed > 90% homology to phaC loci and presence of alpha/beta hydrolase fold, but phaC2 loci of LDC-25 exhibits variation in the conserved residue (Ser is replaced by Ala). Threading approach demonstrated that Carboxylesterase (d1tqha) call be used LIS the modeling template. The predicted models showed the presence of conserved residues at 122 (G), 205 (S), and 236 (S). In vitro studies also Supported that PHA accumulation ability was less in Pseudomonas sp. LDC-25 compared to other field isolate, Pseudomonas sp. LDC-5. FT-IR spectrum showed PHA specific peaks at 1735.62 cm(-1). Results of this study would help to detect the functional domains of the protein in order to elucidate their structure/function characteristics with special emphasis oil invariant conserved residues.
C1 [Sujatha, Kabilan; Mahalakshmi, Ayyasamy; Shenbagarathai, Rajaiah] Lady Doak Coll, PG Dept Zool & Biotechnol, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Solaiman, Daniel K. Y.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM shenbagarathai@rediffmail.com
FU Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi [SR/WOS-A/LS-137/2004]
FX This work was performed with funding from the Department of Science and
Technology (DST-WOS-A: No.SR/WOS-A/LS-137/2004), New Delhi. The authors
are thankful to DBT-BIF for in silico analysis.
NR 37
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 7
PU ADENINE PRESS
PI SCHENECTADY
PA 2066 CENTRAL AVE, SCHENECTADY, NY 12304 USA
SN 0739-1102
J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN
JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 26
IS 6
BP 771
EP 779
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 448ZO
UT WOS:000266300700010
PM 19385705
ER
PT J
AU Sahni, S
Hannan, MT
Blumberg, J
Cupples, LA
Kiel, DP
Tucker, KL
AF Sahni, Shivani
Hannan, Marian T.
Blumberg, Jeffrey
Cupples, L. Adrienne
Kiel, Douglas P.
Tucker, Katherine L.
TI Protective Effect of Total Carotenoid and Lycopene Intake on the Risk of
Hip Fracture: A 17-Year Follow-Up From the Framingham Osteoporosis Study
SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE nutrition; aging; bone; osteoporosis; population studies
ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; DECREASES OXIDATIVE STRESS; RATS IN-VIVO;
POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; BETA-CRYPTOXANTHIN; ELDERLY-MEN; FEMORAL TISSUES;
FREE-RADICALS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; VITAMIN-D
AB In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that carotenoids may inhibit bone resorption, yet no previous study has examined individual carotenoid intake (other than beta-carotene) and the risk of fracture. We evaluated associations of total and individual carotenoid intake (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein + zeaxanthin) with incident hip fracture and nonvertebral osteoporotic fracture. Three hundred seventy men and 576 women (mean age, 75 5 yr) from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in 1988-1989 and were followed for hip fracture until 2005 and nonvertebral fracture until 2003. Tertiles of carotenoid intake were created from estimates obtained using the Willett FFQ adjusting for total energy (residual method). HRs were estimated using Cox-proportional hazards regression, adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, height, total energy, calcium and vitamin D intake, physical activity, alcohol, smoking, multivitamin use, and current estrogen use. A total of 100 hip fractures occurred over 17 yr of follow-up. Subjects in the highest tertile of total carotenoid intake had lower risk of hip fracture (p = 0.02). Subjects with higher lycopene intake had lower risk of hip fracture (P = 0.01.) and nonvertebral fracture (p = 0.02). A weak protective trend was observed for total beta-carotene for hip fracture alone, but associations did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.10). No significant associations were observed with alpha-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, or lutein + zeaxanthin. These results suggest a protective role of several carotenoids for bone health in older adults. J Bone Miner Res 2009;24:1086-1094. Published online on January 5, 2009; doi: 10.1359/JBMR.090102
C1 [Sahni, Shivani; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Program, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Sahni, Shivani; Blumberg, Jeffrey; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, FSNSP, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Hannan, Marian T.; Kiel, Douglas P.] Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA USA.
[Hannan, Marian T.; Kiel, Douglas P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
[Blumberg, Jeffrey] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA.
RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Program, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM katherine.tucker@tufts.edu
RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010;
OI Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Hannan,
Marian/0000-0002-9586-6928; Kiel, Douglas/0000-0001-8474-0310; Sahni,
Shivani/0000-0002-9827-0986; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X
FU USDA-ARS Agreement [58-1950-7-707]; Framingham Osteoporosis [R01 AR/AG
41398]; Framingham Contract [N01-HC-25195]
FX This study was supported by USDA-ARS Agreement 58-1950-7-707; Framingham
Osteoporosis Grant R01 AR/AG 41398, and Framingham Contract Grant
N01-HC-25195.
NR 67
TC 41
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0884-0431
J9 J BONE MINER RES
JI J. Bone Miner. Res.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1086
EP 1094
DI 10.1359/JBMR.090102
PG 9
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 449VJ
UT WOS:000266358100013
PM 19138129
ER
PT J
AU Cook, D
Gardner, DR
Pfister, JA
Welch, KD
Green, BT
Lee, ST
AF Cook, Daniel
Gardner, Dale R.
Pfister, James A.
Welch, Kevin D.
Green, Benedict T.
Lee, Stephen T.
TI The Biogeographical Distribution of Duncecap Larkspur (Delphinium
occidentale) Chemotypes and Their Potential Toxicity
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Larkspur; MSAL-type alkaloids; Norditerpene; Delphinium occidentale;
Methyllycaconitine
ID TALL LARKSPUR; NORDITERPENOID ALKALOIDS; BARBEYI; PLANTS; SPP.
AB Larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) are poisonous plants found on rangelands in western North America. Larkspur's toxicity has been attributed to the norditerpenoid alkaloids, which are divided into two main structural groups: the highly toxic (N-methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine type (MSAL type) and the less toxic 7,8-methylenedioxylycoctonine type (MDL type). Plants high in the MSAL-type alkaloids are thought to be the most toxic to cattle, and the concentrations of these alkaloids have been used as a predictor of plant toxicity. Duncecap larkspur, Delphinium occidentale, occurs throughout much of the Intermountain West and Northwestern United States. Specimens from field collections and herbaria deposits were evaluated taxonomically and chemically. Two distinct alkaloid profiles were identified: one that contains the MSAL-type alkaloids and one that contains little, if any, MSAL-type alkaloids. Thus, plants with these two alkaloid profiles should differ in their toxic potential. Each profile was unique in its geographical distribution. These findings have important implications in grazing management decisions on D. occidentale-infested rangelands, and they demonstrate that botanical classification alone is not a good indicator to determine the toxic risk of D. occidentale.
C1 [Cook, Daniel; Gardner, Dale R.; Pfister, James A.; Welch, Kevin D.; Green, Benedict T.; Lee, Stephen T.] Agr Res Serv, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA.
RP Cook, D (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400N, Logan, UT 84341 USA.
EM daniel.cook@ars.usda.gov
FU Susan Durham
FX We thank Jessie Roper, Clint Stonecipher, Scott Larsen, Kendra Dewey,
and Katie Lott for technical assistance. We appreciate the herbarium at
the University of Washington, Oregon State University, University of
Wyoming, University of Colorado, Brigham Young University, and Utah
State University for providing specimens that were sampled for chemical
analysis. We thank Susan Durham for statistical support.
NR 37
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0098-0331
J9 J CHEM ECOL
JI J. Chem. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 35
IS 6
BP 643
EP 652
DI 10.1007/s10886-009-9637-1
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 466NY
UT WOS:000267670100003
PM 19459011
ER
PT J
AU Sattler, FR
Castaneda-Sceppa, C
Binder, EF
Schroeder, ET
Wang, Y
Bhasin, S
Kawakubo, M
Stewart, Y
Yarasheski, KE
Ulloor, J
Colletti, P
Roubenoff, R
Azen, SP
AF Sattler, Fred R.
Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen
Binder, Ellen F.
Schroeder, E. Todd
Wang, Ying
Bhasin, Shalender
Kawakubo, Miwa
Stewart, Yolanda
Yarasheski, Kevin E.
Ulloor, Jagadish
Colletti, Patrick
Roubenoff, Ronenn
Azen, Stanley P.
TI Testosterone and Growth Hormone Improve Body Composition and Muscle
Performance in Older Men
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; GH-DEFICIENT
ADULTS; HEALTHY AGED WOMEN; FACTOR-I LEVELS; ELDERLY-MEN; HYPOGONADAL
MEN; BIOAVAILABLE TESTOSTERONE; TRANSDERMAL TESTOSTERONE; PHYSICAL
PERFORMANCE
AB Context: Impairments in the pituitary-gonadal axis with aging are associated with loss of muscle mass and function and accumulation of upper body fat.
Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that physiological supplementation with testosterone and GH together improves body composition and muscle performance in older men.
Design, Setting, and Participants: One hundred twenty-two community-dwelling men 70.8 +/- 4.2 yr of age with body mass index of 27.4 +/- 3.4 kg/m(2), testosterone of 550 ng/dl or less, and IGF-I in lower adult tertile (<= 167 ng/dl) were randomized to receive transdermal testosterone (5 or 10 g/d) during a Leydig cell clamp plus GH (0, 3, or 5 mu g/kg . d) for 16 wk.
Main Outcome Measures: Body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, muscle performance, and safety tests were conducted.
Results: Total lean body mass increased (1.0 +/- 1.7 to 3.0 +/- 2.2 kg) as did appendicular lean tissue (0.4 +/- 1.4 to 1.5 +/- 1.3 kg), whereas total fat mass decreased by 0.4 +/- 0.9 to 2.3 +/- 1.7 kg as did trunk fat (0.5 +/- 0.9 to 1.5 +/- 1.0 kg) across the six treatment groups and by dose levels for each parameter (P <= 0.0004 for linear trend). Composite maximum voluntary strength of upper and lower body muscles increased by 14 +/- 34 to 35 +/- 31% (P < 0.003 in the three highest dose groups) that correlated with changes in appendicular lean mass. Aerobic endurance increased in all six groups (average 96 +/- 137sec longer). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased similarly in each group with mean increases of 12 +/- 14 and 8 +/- 8 mm Hg, respectively. Other predictable adverse events were modest and reversible.
Conclusions: Supplemental testosterone produced significant gains in total and appendicular lean mass, muscle strength, and aerobic endurance with significant reductions in whole-body and trunk fat. Outcomes appeared to be further enhanced with GH supplementation. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94: 1991-2001, 2009)
C1 [Sattler, Fred R.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Wang, Ying; Kawakubo, Miwa; Azen, Stanley P.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Colletti, Patrick] Univ So Calif, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Sattler, Fred R.; Schroeder, E. Todd] Univ So Calif, Div Biokinesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen; Roubenoff, Ronenn] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Binder, Ellen F.; Yarasheski, Kevin E.] Washington Univ, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Bhasin, Shalender; Ulloor, Jagadish] Boston Univ, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Sattler, FR (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Med, 1200 N State St,Room 6442, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
EM fsattler@usc.edu
RI Yarasheski, Kevin/A-3025-2008;
OI Yarasheski, Kevin/0000-0001-5436-2451
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 AG18169]; National Center for
Research Resources (NCRR) General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) [M0I
RR000043]; University of Southern California; the U. S. Department of
Agriculture (USDA) ARS Cooperative Agreement [58-1950-9-001]; NCRR GCRC
[M01RR000054]; USDA; NCRR GCRC at Washington University School of
Medicine [M01RR000036]; Mass Spectrometry Research Resource at
Washington University; NIH [RR000954, DK020579, DK056341, U01AG14369,
1R01DK70534]; Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of
Medicine; Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc.; Genentech Inc.; Tap
Pharmaceutical Products Inc.
FX The work for this trial was supported in part from the National
Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant R01 AG18169 and local National Center
for Research Resources (NCRR) General Clinical Research Center (GCRC)
Grant M0I RR000043 at the University of Southern California; the U. S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA) ARS Cooperative Agreement
58-1950-9-001; the NCRR GCRC Grant M01RR000054 at Tufts University,
where any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed
in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the view of the USDA; the NCRR GCRC at Washington University
School of Medicine (Grant M01RR000036); the Mass Spectrometry Research
Resource at Washington University (NIH Grants RR000954, DK020579, and
DK056341); and NIH Grants U01AG14369 and 1R01DK70534 at Boston Medical
Center, Boston University School of Medicine. Study therapies were
provided by Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc., Genentech Inc., and Tap
Pharmaceutical Products Inc.; industry sponsors provided no monetary
support.
NR 64
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U1 1
U2 9
PU ENDOCRINE SOC
PI CHEVY CHASE
PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA
SN 0021-972X
EI 1945-7197
J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB
JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 94
IS 6
BP 1991
EP 2001
DI 10.1210/jc.2008-2338
PG 11
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 453CM
UT WOS:000266587800024
PM 19293261
ER
PT J
AU Kaylegian, KE
Lynch, JM
Fleming, JR
Barbano, DM
AF Kaylegian, K. E.
Lynch, J. M.
Fleming, J. R.
Barbano, D. M.
TI Influence of fatty acid chain length and unsaturation on mid-infrared
milk analysis
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared; fatty acid composition; interference filter
ID INFRARED-ANALYSIS; ANALYZERS; ACCURACY; PROTEIN; LACTOSE; SPECTROMETRY;
CALIBRATION; PROTEOLYSIS; LIPOLYSIS; SAMPLES
AB Our first objective was to optimize center wavelengths and bandwidths for virtual filters used in a Fourier transform mid-infrared (MIR) milk analyzer. Optimization was accomplished by adjusting center wavelengths and bandwidths to minimize the size of intercorrection factors. Once optimized, the virtual filters were defined as follows: fat B sample, 3.508 mu m ( 2,851 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.032 mu m (26 cm(-1)); fat B reference, 3.556 mu m (2812 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.030 mu m (24 cm(-1)); lactose sample, 9.542 mu m (1,048 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.092 mu m (20 cm(-1)); lactose reference, 7.734 mu m (1,293 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.084 mu m (14 cm(-1)); protein sample, 6.489 mu m (1,541 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.085 mu m (20 cm(-1)); protein reference, 6.707 mu m (1491 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.054 mu m (12 cm(-1)); fat A sample, 5.721 mu m (1,748 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.052 mu m (16 cm(-1)); fat A reference, 5.583 mu m (1,791 cm(-1)), and bandwidth of 0.050 mu m (16 cm(-1)). The bandwidth and its proximity to areas of intense water absorption had the largest effect on the intercorrection factors. The second objective was to quantify the impact of fatty acid chain length and unsaturation on fat B and fat A MIR measurements. Increasing the chain length increased the difference (i.e., MIR minus reference) between MIR prediction and reference chemistry by 0.0429% and by -0.0566% fat per unit of increase in carbon number per 1% change in fat, for fat B and fat A, respectively. Increasing the unsaturation decreased the difference (i.e., MIR minus reference) between MIR prediction of fat and chemistry for fat B by -0.4021% and increased fat A by 0.0291% fat per unit of increase in double bonds per 1% change in fat concentration.
C1 [Kaylegian, K. E.; Lynch, J. M.; Barbano, D. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, NE Dairy Foods Res Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Fleming, J. R.] Agr Mkt Serv, USDA, SW Milk Mkt Area, Carrollton, TX 75011 USA.
RP Barbano, DM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, NE Dairy Foods Res Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM dmb37@cornell.edu
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2485
EP 2501
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1910
PG 17
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200013
PM 19447980
ER
PT J
AU Kaylegian, KE
Dwyer, DA
Lynch, JM
Bauman, DE
Fleming, JR
Barbano, DM
AF Kaylegian, K. E.
Dwyer, D. A.
Lynch, J. M.
Bauman, D. E.
Fleming, J. R.
Barbano, D. M.
TI Impact of fatty acid composition on the accuracy of mid-infrared fat
analysis of farm milks
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared milk analysis; fatty acid composition
ID INFRARED MILK; ANALYZERS; CALIBRATION; PROTEOLYSIS; STABILITY;
LIPOLYSIS; PROTEIN; LACTOSE; SAMPLES
AB Our objective was to determine whether data from a previous study using model milk emulsions to characterize the influence of variation in fatty acid chain length and unsaturation on mid-infrared (MIR) fat predictions could be used to identify a strategy to improve the accuracy of MIR fat predictions on a population of farm milks with a wide variation in fatty acid chain length and unsaturation. The mean fatty acid chain length for 45 farm milks was 14.417 carbons, and the mean unsaturation was 0.337 double bonds per fatty acid. The range of fatty acid chain lengths across the 45 farm milks was 1.23 carbons, and the range in unsaturation was 0.167 double bonds per fatty acid. Fat B (absorbance by the carbon-hydrogen stretch) MIR predictions increased and fat A MIR (absorbance by the ester carbonyl stretch) predictions decreased relative to reference chemistry with increasing fatty acid chain length. When the fat B MIR fat predictions were corrected for sample-to-sample variation in unsaturation, the positive correlation between fat B and fatty acid chain length increased from a coefficient of determination of 0.42 to 0.89. A 45: 55 ratio of fat B corrected for unsaturation and fat A gave a smaller standard deviation of the difference between MIR prediction and reference chemistry than any ratio of the fat B (without correction for unsaturation) and fat A or either fat B or fat A alone. This demonstrates the technical feasibility of this approach to improve MIR testing accuracy for fat, if a simple procedure could be developed to determine the unsaturation of fat in milk rapidly and to correct the fat B reading for the effect of unsaturation before being combined with fat A.
C1 [Kaylegian, K. E.; Lynch, J. M.; Barbano, D. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, NE Dairy Foods Res Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Dwyer, D. A.; Bauman, D. E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Fleming, J. R.] Agr Mkt Serv, USDA, SW Milk Mkt Area, Carrollton, TX 75011 USA.
RP Barbano, DM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, NE Dairy Foods Res Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM dmb37@cornell.edu
NR 18
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2502
EP 2513
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1911
PG 12
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200014
PM 19447981
ER
PT J
AU Smith, RL
Grohn, YT
Pradhan, AK
Whitlock, RH
Van Kessel, JS
Smith, JM
Wolfgang, DR
Schukken, YH
AF Smith, R. L.
Grohn, Y. T.
Pradhan, A. K.
Whitlock, R. H.
Van Kessel, J. S.
Smith, J. M.
Wolfgang, D. R.
Schukken, Y. H.
TI A longitudinal study on the impact of Johne's disease status on milk
production in individual cows
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Johne's disease; milk production
ID AVIUM SUBSP-PARATUBERCULOSIS; COMMERCIAL DAIRY HERDS; CLINICAL MASTITIS;
LACTATION CURVE; FECAL CULTURE; INFECTION; YIELD; ELISA; ASSOCIATION;
SENSITIVITY
AB Longitudinal data from 3 commercial dairy herds in the northeast United States were collected from 2004 to 2007. Johne's disease status, as indicated by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection levels, was determined through quarterly ELISA serum testing, biannual fecal culture, and culture of tissues at slaughter. Milk production data were collected from the Dairy Herd Improvement Association. The effect of Johne's disease status on milk production was analyzed using a mixed linear model with an autocorrelation random effect structure. Infected animals produced more milk than uninfected cows before they began shedding M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis. Cows infected with M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis had monthly decreases of 0.05 to 1 kg in daily milk production relative to uninfected animals, with greater decreases in progressive disease categories. Animals with fecal culture results of >30 cfu/g produced approximately 4 kg less milk per day compared with uninfected cows. These results will be valuable in calculating the economic effect of Johne's disease.
C1 [Smith, R. L.; Grohn, Y. T.] Cornell Univ, Epidemiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Pradhan, A. K.; Schukken, Y. H.] Cornell Univ, Qual Milk Prod Serv, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Whitlock, R. H.] Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Clin Studies, New Bolton Ctr, Kennett Sq, PA 19348 USA.
[Van Kessel, J. S.] ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, ANRI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Smith, J. M.] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Wolfgang, D. R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Smith, RL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Epidemiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
EM rls57@cornell.edu
RI Schukken, Ynte/C-3405-2008;
OI Schukken, Ynte/0000-0002-8250-4194; Smith, Rebecca/0000-0002-8343-794X
FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service
(Washington, DC) [2008-35204-04627]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service
[58-1265-3-155, 58-1265-3-156, 58-1265-3158, 58-1265-4-020]; Regional
Dairy Quality Management Alliance; Johne's Disease Integrated Program
[45105]
FX The USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service
(Washington, DC) Award Number 2008-35204-04627 provided funding for this
study, as did the USDA-Agricultural Research Service (Agreements.
58-1265-3-155, 58-1265-3-156, 58-1265-3158, and 58-1265-4-020) for the
Regional Dairy Quality Management Alliance and the Johne's Disease
Integrated Program (JDIP, USDA contract 45105).
NR 24
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2653
EP 2661
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1832
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200031
PM 19447998
ER
PT J
AU Broderick, GA
Stevenson, MJ
Patton, RA
AF Broderick, G. A.
Stevenson, M. J.
Patton, R. A.
TI Effect of dietary protein concentration and degradability on response to
rumen-protected methionine in lactating dairy cows
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE rumen-protected methionine; dietary crude protein; milk yield; nitrogen
efficiency
ID MILK-PRODUCTION; CRUDE PROTEIN; AMINO-ACIDS; INTERNAL MARKERS; ALFALFA
SILAGE; SOYBEAN-MEAL; NITROGEN; PERFORMANCE; CATTLE; ENERGY
AB An incomplete 8 x 8 Latin square trial (4-wk periods; 12 wk total) using 32 multiparous and 16 primiparous Holstein cows was conducted to assess the production response to crude protein (CP), digestible rumen-undegraded protein (RUP), and rumen-protected Met (RPM; fed as Mepron; Degussa Corp., Kennesaw, GA). Diets contained [dry matter (DM) basis] 21% alfalfa silage, 34% corn silage, 22 to 26% high-moisture corn, 10 to 14% soybean meal, 4% soyhulls, 2% added fat, 1.3% minerals and vitamins, and 27 to 28% neutral detergent fiber. Treatments were a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of the following main effects: 15.8 or 17.1% dietary CP, with or without supplemental rumen-undegraded protein (RUP) from expeller soybean meal, and 0 or 9 g of RPM/d. None of the 2- or 3-way interactions was significant. Higher dietary CP increased DM intake 1.1 kg/d and yield of milk 1.7 kg/d, 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM) 2.2 kg/d, fat 0.10 kg/d, and true protein 0.05 kg/d, and improved apparent N balance and DM and fiber digestibility. However, milk urea N and estimated urinary excretion of urea-N and total-N also increased, and apparent N efficiency (milk-N/N-intake) fell from 33 to 30% when cows consumed higher dietary CP. Positive effects of feeding more RUP were increased feed efficiency and milk fat content plus 1.8 kg/d greater FCM and 0.08 kg/d greater fat, but milk protein content was lower and milk urea N and urinary urea excretion were elevated. Supplementation with RPM increased DM intake 0.7 kg/d and FCM and fat yield by 1.4 and 0.06 kg/d, and tended to increase milk fat content and yield of milk and protein.
C1 [Broderick, G. A.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stevenson, M. J.] Degussa Canada Inc, Burlington, ON L7R 3Y8, Canada.
[Patton, R. A.] Nittany Dairy Nutr Inc, Mifflinburg, PA 17844 USA.
RP Broderick, GA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM glen.broderick@ars.usda.gov
FU Degussa Co
FX The authors thank Rick Walgenbach and his farm crew for harvesting and
storing the feedstuffs used in these trials; Jill Davidson and her barn
crew for feeding and animal care at the US Dairy Forage Center Research
Farm (Prairie du Sac, WI); Wendy Radloff, Mary Becker, and Steven
Diederich (US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI) for assisting
with sampling and laboratory analyses; Winfried Heimbeck (Evonik Degussa
GmbH, Hanau, Germany) for AA analyses; and Peter Crump (University of
Wisconsin, Madison) for assisting with statistical analyses,
particularly the assessment of possible treatment carryover effects.
Partial financial support for this research from Degussa Co. (Kennesaw,
GA) is also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 43
TC 32
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2719
EP 2728
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1277
PG 10
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200039
PM 19448006
ER
PT J
AU Broderick, GA
Reynal, SM
AF Broderick, G. A.
Reynal, S. M.
TI Effect of source of rumen-degraded protein on production and ruminal
metabolism in lactating dairy cows
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE rumen-degraded protein; nonprotein nitrogen; true protein; microbial
protein synthesis
ID OMASAL NUTRIENT FLOW; SILAGE-BASED DIETS; MICROBIAL PROTEIN; ALFALFA
SILAGE; AMINO-ACIDS; SOYBEAN-MEAL; DIGESTA-FLOW; NITROGEN-METABOLISM;
PARTICULATE-PHASE; INTERNAL MARKERS
AB Twenty-eight (8 with ruminal cannulas) lactating Holstein cows were assigned to seven 4 x 4 Latin squares in a 16-wk trial to study the effects on production and ruminal metabolism of feeding differing proportions of rumen-degraded protein (RDP) from soybean meal and urea. Diets contained [dry matter (DM) basis] 40% corn silage, 15% alfalfa silage, 28 to 30% high-moisture corn, plus varying levels of ground dry shelled corn, solvent- and lignosulfonate-treated soybean meal, and urea. Proportions of the soybean meals, urea, and dry corn were adjusted such that all diets contained 16.1% crude protein and 10.5% RDP, with urea providing 0, 1.2, 2.4, and 3.7% RDP (DM basis). As urea supplied greater proportions of RDP, there were linear decreases in DM intake, yield of milk, 3.5% fat-corrected milk, fat, protein, and solids-not-fat, and of weight gain. Milk contents of fat, protein, and solids-not-fat were not affected by source of RDP. Replacing soybean meal RDP with urea RDP resulted in several linear responses: increased excretion of urinary urea-N and concentration of milk urea-N, blood urea-N, and ruminal ammonia-N and decreased excretion of fecal N; there was also a trend for increased excretion of total urinary N. A linear increase in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility, probably due to digestion of NDF-N from lignosulfonate-treated soybean meal, was observed with greater urea intake. Omasal sampling revealed small but significant effects of N source on measured RDP supply, which averaged 11.0% (DM basis) across diets. Increasing the proportion of RDP from urea resulted in linear decrease in omasal flow of dietary nonammonia N (NAN) and microbial NAN and in microbial growth efficiency (microbial NAN/unit of organic matter truly digested in the rumen). These changes were paralleled by large linear reductions in omasal flows of essential, nonessential, and total amino acids. Overall, these results indicated that replacing soybean meal RDP with that from urea reduced yield of milk and milk components, largely because of depressed microbial protein formation in the rumen and that RDP from nonprotein-N sources was not as effective as RDP provided by true protein.
C1 [Broderick, G. A.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Reynal, S. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Broderick, GA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM glen.broderick@ars.usda.gov
NR 50
TC 22
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 24
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2822
EP 2834
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1865
PG 13
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200049
PM 19448016
ER
PT J
AU Coblentz, WK
Hoffman, PC
AF Coblentz, W. K.
Hoffman, P. C.
TI Effects of bale moisture and bale diameter on spontaneous heating, dry
matter recovery, in vitro true digestibility, and in situ disappearance
kinetics of alfalfa-orchardgrass hays
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE dry matter loss; hay; spontaneous heating; digestibility
ID BERMUDAGRASS HAY; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; PROTEIN-DEGRADATION; GROWING STEERS;
ROUND BALES; STORAGE; FORAGES; FIBER; PASSAGE; IMPACT
AB Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) hay was made in 96 large-round bales over 3 harvests during 2006 and 2007 to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on dry matter (DM) recovery, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), and in situ disappearance kinetics of DM. Throughout these harvests, bales were made at preset diameters of 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5 m and at moisture concentrations ranging from 9.3 to 46.6%. Internal bale temperatures were monitored daily during an outdoor storage period, reaching maxima of 77.2 degrees C (MAX) and 1,997 heating degree days >30 degrees C (HDD) for one specific combination of bale moisture, bale diameter, and harvest. Following storage, regressions of DM recovery on HDD and MAX indicated that DM recovery declined linearly in close association with measures of spontaneous heating. For HDD, slopes and intercepts differed across bale diameters, probably because the greater surface area per kilogram of DM for 0.9-m bales facilitated more rapid dissipation of heat than occurred from 1.2- or 1.5-m-diameter bales. Regardless of bale diameter, coefficients of determination were high (r(2) >= 0.872) when HDD was used as the independent variable. Regressions of DM recovery on MAX also exhibited high r(2) statistics (>= 0.833) and a common slope across bale diameters (-0.32 percentage units of DM/degrees C). Changes in concentrations of IVTD during storage (poststorage-prestorage; Delta IVTD) also were regressed on HDD and MAX. For HDD, the data were best fit with a nonlinear model in which Delta IVTD became rapidly negative at < 1,000 HDD, but was asymptotic thereafter. When MAX was used as the independent variable, a simple linear model (y = -0.23x + 9.5) provided the best fit. In both cases, coefficients of determination were comparable to those for DM recovery (R(2) or r(2) = 0.820). Changes (poststorage-prestorage) in ruminal DM degradation rate (Delta K(d)) and effective ruminal degradability of DM (Delta DEG) were assessed similarly. Although the most appropriate statistical model varied, Delta K(d) and Delta DEG both became increasingly negative at low to moderate levels of heating, but generally stabilized thereafter. Both HDD and MAX were excellent predictor variables for both Delta K(d) and Delta DEG; r(2) or R(2) statistics ranged from 0.788 to 0.921. Measures of spontaneous heating are consistently effective indicators of DM recovery following storage, as well as good indicators of concurrent changes in IVTD or in situ disappearance of DM for heated alfalfa-orchardgrass hays.
C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
[Hoffman, P. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov
NR 26
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2853
EP 2874
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1920
PG 22
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200052
PM 19448019
ER
PT J
AU Coblentz, WK
Hoffman, PC
AF Coblentz, W. K.
Hoffman, P. C.
TI Effects of spontaneous heating on fiber composition, fiber
digestibility, and in situ disappearance kinetics of neutral detergent
fiber for alfalfa-orchardgrass hays
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE disappearance kinetics; fiber composition; hay; neutral detergent fiber
ID BERMUDAGRASS HAY; DRY-MATTER; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; PROTEIN-DEGRADATION;
MOISTURE-CONTENT; GROWING STEERS; TALL FESCUE; ROUND BALES; STORAGE;
FORAGES
AB During 2006 and 2007, forages from 3 individual hay harvests were utilized to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on concentrations of fiber components, 48-h neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility (NDFD), and in situ disappearance kinetics of NDF for large-round bales of mixed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Over the 3 harvests, 96 large-round bales were made at preset bale diameters of 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5 m, and at moisture concentrations ranging from 9.3 to 46.6%. Internal bale temperatures were monitored daily during an outdoor storage period, reaching maxima (MAX) of 77.2 degrees C and 1,997 heating degree days >30 degrees C (HDD) for one specific combination of bale moisture, bale diameter, and harvest. Concentrations of all fiber components (NDF, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) increased in response to spontaneous heating during storage. Changes in concentrations of NDF during storage (poststorage-prestorage; Delta NDF) were regressed on HDD using a nonlinear regression model (R(2) = 0.848) that became asymptotic after Delta NDF increased by 8.6 percentage units. Although the specific regression model varied, changes (poststorage-prestorage) in concentrations of acid detergent fiber, cellulose, and lignin also increased in nonlinear relationships with HDD that exhibited relatively high coefficients of determination (R(2) = 0.710 to 0.885). Fiber digestibility, as determined by NDFD, was largely unaffected by heating characteristics except within bales incurring the most extreme levels of HDD or MAX. In situ assessment of ruminal NDF disappearance kinetics indicated that disappearance rate (K(d)) declined by about 40% within the range of heating incurred over these hay harvests. The change in Kd during storage (Delta K(d)) was related closely to both HDD and MAX by nonlinear models exhibiting high R(2) statistics (0.907 and 0.883, respectively). However, there was no regression relationship between changes (poststorage-prestorage) in effective ruminal disappearance of NDF and spontaneous heating, regardless of which heating measure was used as the independent variable. The close regression relationship between Delta K(d) and measures of spontaneous heating indicates clearly that ruminal NDF disappearance was altered negatively by some direct or indirect aspect of spontaneous heating. However, it was equally apparent that these effects were offset by an expanding pool of dry matter recovered as potentially degradable NDF.
C1 [Coblentz, W. K.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
[Hoffman, P. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Coblentz, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
EM wayne.coblentz@ars.usda.gov
NR 32
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2875
EP 2895
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1921
PG 21
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200053
PM 19448020
ER
PT J
AU Cole, JB
VanRaden, PM
O'Connell, JR
Van Tassell, CP
Sonstegard, TS
Schnabel, RD
Taylor, JF
Wiggans, GR
AF Cole, J. B.
VanRaden, P. M.
O'Connell, J. R.
Van Tassell, C. P.
Sonstegard, T. S.
Schnabel, R. D.
Taylor, J. F.
Wiggans, G. R.
TI Distribution and location of genetic effects for dairy traits
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE calving trait; genomic selection; single nucleotide polymorphism;
quantitative trait loci
ID WHOLE-GENOME SCAN; AFFECTING MILK-YIELD; HOLSTEIN CATTLE; FUNCTIONAL
TRAITS; CALVING DIFFICULTY; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; X-CHROMOSOME; CALF
SIZE; LOCI; IDENTIFICATION
AB Genetic effects for many dairy traits and for total economic merit are evenly distributed across all chromosomes. A high-density scan using 38,416 single nucleotide polymorphism markers for 5,285 bulls confirmed 2 previously known major genes on Bos taurus autosomes (BTA) 6 and 14 but revealed few other large effects. Markers on BTA18 had the largest effects on calving ease, several conformation traits, longevity, and total merit. Prediction accuracy was highest using a heavy-tailed prior assuming that each marker had an effect on each trait, rather than assuming a normal distribution of effects as in a linear model, or that only some loci have nonzero effects. A prior model combining heavy tails with finite alleles produced results that were intermediate compared with the individual models. Differences between models were small (1 to 2%) for traits with no major genes and larger for heavy tails with traits having known quantitative trait loci (QTL; 6 to 8%). Analysis of bull recessive codes suggested that marker effects from genomic selection may be used to identify regions of chromosomes to search in detail for candidate genes, but individual single nucleotide polymorphisms were not tracking causative mutations with the exception of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1. Additive genetic merits were constructed for each chromosome, and the distribution of BTA14-specific estimated breeding value (EBV) showed that selection primarily for milk yield has not changed the distribution of EBV for fat percentage even in the presence of a known QTL. Such chromosomal EBV also may be useful for identifying complementary mates in breeding programs. The QTL affecting dystocia, conformation, and economic merit on BTA18 appear to be related to calf size or birth weight and may be the result of longer gestation lengths. Results validate quantitative genetic assumptions that most traits are due to the contributions of a large number of genes of small additive effect, rather than support the finite locus model.
C1 [Cole, J. B.; VanRaden, P. M.; Van Tassell, C. P.; Wiggans, G. R.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[O'Connell, J. R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Van Tassell, C. P.; Sonstegard, T. S.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Schnabel, R. D.; Taylor, J. F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Cole, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM john.cole@ars.usda.gov
RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014;
OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401; Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641;
Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087
FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service
(Washington, DC) [2006-35205-16888, 2006-35205-16701]; National
Association of Animal Breeders (Columbia, MO)
FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Grant no.
2006-35205-16888 and 2006-35205-16701 from the USDA Cooperative State
Research, Education, and Extension Service (Washington, DC) and by the
National Association of Animal Breeders (Columbia, MO). The
computational assistance provided by Melvin E. Tooker of Animal
Improvement Programs Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged.
Bioinformatics assistance was provided by Lakshmi Matukumalli of Bovine
Functional Genomics Laboratory. Two anonymous reviewers provided very
helpful comments on this manuscript.
NR 51
TC 126
Z9 130
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 6
BP 2931
EP 2946
DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1762
PG 16
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 449QD
UT WOS:000266344200059
PM 19448026
ER
PT J
AU El-Sayed, AM
Suckling, DM
Byers, JA
Jang, EB
Wearing, CH
AF El-Sayed, A. M.
Suckling, D. M.
Byers, J. A.
Jang, E. B.
Wearing, C. H.
TI Potential of "Lure and Kill" in Long-Term Pest Management and
Eradication of Invasive Species
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE lure and kill; attract and kill; attracticides; semiochemicals;
pheromones
ID MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT-FLY; RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA DIPTERA;
SPODOPTERA-LITTORALIS LEPIDOPTERA; SYNTHETIC APPLE VOLATILES; EGYPTIAN
COTTON LEAFWORM; PILOT-SCALE FEASIBILITY; BEETLE IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS; DACUS
STRUMETA TRYONI; MELON FLIES DIPTERA; MOTH LEPIDOPTERA
AB "Lure and kill" technology has been used for several decades in pest management and eradication of invasive species. In lure and kill, the insect pest attracted by a semiochemical lure is not "entrapped" at the source of the attractant as in mass trapping, but instead the insect is subjected to a killing agent, which eliminates affected individuals from the population after a short period. In past decades, a growing scientific literature has been published on this concept. This article provides the first review on the potential of lure and kill in long-term pest management and eradication of invasive species. We present a summary of lure and kill, either when used as a stand-alone control method or in combination with other methods. We discuss its efficacy in comparison with other control methods. Several case studies in which lure and kill has been used with the aims of long-term pest management (e.g., pink bollworm, Egyptian cotton leafworm, codling moth, apple maggot, biting flies, and bark beetles) or the eradication of invasive species (e.g., tephritid fruit flies and boll weevils) are provided. Subsequently, we identify essential knowledge required for successful lure and kill programs that include lure competitiveness with natural odor source; lure density; lure formulation and release rate; pest population density and risk of immigration; and biology and ecology of the target species. The risks associated with lure and kill especially when used in the eradication programs, are highlighted. We comment on the cost-effectiveness of this technology and its strengths and weaknesses, and list key reasons for success and failure. We conclude that lure and kill can be highly effective in controlling small, low-density, isolated populations, and thus it has the potential to add value to long-term pest management. In the eradication of invasive species, lure and kill offers a major advantage in effectiveness by its being inverse density dependent and it provides some improvements in efficacy over related control methods. However, the inclusion of insecticides or sterilants in lure and kill formulations presents a major obstacle to public acceptance.
C1 [El-Sayed, A. M.; Suckling, D. M.] Canterbury Res Ctr, Lincoln 8152, New Zealand.
[Byers, J. A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA.
[Jang, E. B.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP El-Sayed, AM (reprint author), Canterbury Res Ctr, Lincoln 8152, New Zealand.
EM ael-sayed@hortresearch.co.nz
RI Suckling, David/F-7005-2010
OI Suckling, David/0000-0001-7216-9348
FU New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (Biosecurity New
Zealand); Foundation for Research, Science and Technology [CO2X0501, CO
6X0301]
FX This work was supported by New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and
Forestry (Biosecurity New Zealand), and the Foundation for Research,
Science and Technology (CO2X0501, Better Border Biosecurity;
www.b3nz.org and Insecticide Risk Reduction in Horticulture, CO 6X0301).
NR 130
TC 81
Z9 89
U1 6
U2 81
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-0493
EI 1938-291X
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 815
EP 835
PG 21
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700001
PM 19610395
ER
PT J
AU Daberkow, S
Korb, P
Hoff, F
AF Daberkow, Stan
Korb, Penni
Hoff, Fred
TI Structure of the US Beekeeping Industry: 1982-2002
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE beekeepers; bee colonies; apiculture farm size and location; apiculture
farm operators
AB There have been major structural changes in the beekeeping industry over the past 25 yr. The U.S. Census of Agriculture surveys indicate that colony inventory declined >20% between 1982 and 2002, whereas the number of U.S. farms with apiculture enterprises fell >70%. This decline in farm numbers was not uniform across different sized farms based on colony inventory-nearly 30,000 of the farms exiting the apiculture business had fewer than 25 colonies. With the number of farms declining faster than colony inventory, there has been a shift to larger farms. The Appalachia, Corn Belt, and Northeast states have the highest shares of apiculture farms, whereas the Pacific, Northern Plains, and Mountain states account for the largest shares of colonies. Farms with apiculture enterprises are concentrated in the smallest sales categories-87% of such farms had <$50,000 in sales in 2002. Only about one third of farms with apiculture activity reported that a majority of sales were from apiculture products-such as honey or colony sales. Compared with all U.S. farms, per farm payments for all types of government programs were smaller for farms with apiculture activities. Only about half of all beekeepers regard farming as their primary occupation, and nearly 60% of the operators work off the farm at least 1 d a year and approximate to 40% work >200 d off the farm in a given year. Beekeepers resembled all other farmers demographically-nearly 90% are white males, with an average age of 55.
C1 [Daberkow, Stan; Korb, Penni; Hoff, Fred] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
RP Daberkow, S (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
EM standab@verizon.net
NR 7
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 17
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 868
EP 886
PG 19
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700004
PM 19610398
ER
PT J
AU Barak, AV
Yang, WD
Yu, DJ
Jiao, Y
Kang, L
Chen, ZL
Ling, XY
Zhan, GP
AF Barak, Alan V.
Yang Weidong
Yu Daojian
Jiao Yi
Kang Lin
Chen Zhilin
Ling Xingyuan
Zhan Guoping
TI Methyl Bromide as a Quarantine Treatment for Chlorophorus annularis
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Raw Bamboo Poles
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chlorophorus; Bambusa; fumigation; quarantine; methyl bromide
ID ANOPLOPHORA-GLABRIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; WOOD PACKING MATERIAL; INSECTS
AB At least 26 different species of insects of quarantine significance were intercepted from 1985 to 2005 on bamboo (Bambusa spp.) garden stakes from China. Three fifths of the live insects were cerambycids in nine genera, including Chlorophorus annularis F., the bamboo borer. The current APHIS-PPQ treatment is fumigation schedule T404-d, which requires high doses of methyl bromide (MeBr) for 24 h. No specific fumigation data exist for C. annularis. Chinese and American quarantine scientists cooperated in testing to determine whether this schedule, or lower doses, would be effective as a quarantine treatment for C. annularis infesting dried bamboo poles. A lower dose based on APHIS tests for solid wood packing (SWP) failed (3/511 survivors) at 56 g/m(3) for 24 h at 10.0 degrees C. We therefore tested five progressive doses at five temperatures intermediate between the lower SWP schedule and the much higher applied doses (e.g., 120 g/m(3) for 24 h at 10.0 degrees C) of schedule T404-d. Fumigations of infested bamboo poles conducted in 403.2-liter chambers with 52% vol:vol loading at doses of 48, 64, 80, 96, and 112 g/m(3) at 26.7, 21.1, 15.6, 10.0, and 4.4 degrees C, respectively (20 total replicates, with 4 replicates per dose), had no survivors among 2,847 larvae, 140 pupae and 122 adults. Control replicates (three) had a total of 455 live stages (397 larvae, 31 pupae, and 27 adults). Tests conducted with a sea/land cargo container loaded to 80% capacity with bamboo poles verified the ability of the schedule to maintain effective concentrations over 24 h in commercial-sized fumigations. We propose a new bamboo quarantine treatment schedule at reduced rates of applied MeBr.
C1 [Barak, Alan V.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Pest Survey,Detect & Exclus Lab, Otis Angb, MA 02542 USA.
[Yang Weidong; Yu Daojian; Jiao Yi; Kang Lin; Chen Zhilin; Ling Xingyuan] Shenzhen EntryExit Inspect & Quarantine Bur PR Ch, Anim & Plant Inspect & Quarantine Tech Ctr, Shenzhen 518010, Peoples R China.
[Zhan Guoping] Chinese Acad Inspect & Quarantine Sci, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
RP Barak, AV (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Pest Survey,Detect & Exclus Lab, Bldg 1398, Otis Angb, MA 02542 USA.
EM al.barak@aphis.usda.gov
FU APHIS PPQ CPHST [T7Q02]; Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine
Bureau of China [SZ2008020]
FX This work was supported by APHIS PPQ CPHST Project T7Q02 and Shenzhen
Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of China (SZ2008020). The
authors thank the following people in China for valuable support of this
project: C. Zhinan, Z. Guiming, and X. Caiyu of lie Animal and Plant
Inspection and Quarantine Technical Center of Shenzhen Entry-Exit
Inspection and Quarantine Bureau (Shenzhen CIQ), C. Xinru from Shekou
CIQ, and Prof. W. Yuejin of the Chinese Academy of Inspection and
Quarantine Science, Beijing (CAIQ). We also thank the following for
commentary and review of the manuscript: S. Myers, PPQ, Otis PSDEL, Otis
ANGB, MA, and J. Leesch, USDA-ARS, Parlier, CA.
NR 23
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 913
EP 920
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700008
PM 19610402
ER
PT J
AU Follett, PA
AF Follett, Peter A.
TI Puncture Resistance in 'Sharwil' Avocado to Oriental Fruit Fly and
Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Oviposition
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE quarantine pest; host status; nonhost; poor host; medfly
ID QUARANTINE COLD TREATMENT; IDIOBLAST OIL CELLS; HEAT-SHOCK; INFESTATION;
HAWAII; TOLERANCE; SECURITY
AB The physiological basis for host antibiosis or nonpreference to a quarantine pest is often not understood. Studies are needed on the mechanisms that impart resistance to better understand how resistance might fail. Experiments were conducted to examine the infestability of 'Sharwil' avocados by oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), after harvest and to quantify the effect of avocado skin hardness on resistance to infestation by oriental fruit fly. Infestation rate increased with decreasing fruit firmness, but fruit were generally poor hosts. Fruit with a patch of skin removed produced more flies than intact fruit, suggesting that skin puncture resistance was an important deterrent to oviposition. This study showed that fruit can be infested within 1 d after harvest, suggesting that fruit should be transferred to fruit fly-proof containers as they are harvested to minimize the risk of attack. Although risk of infestation is negatively correlated with fruit firmness, even some hard fruit may become infested. Therefore, fruit firmness cannot be used alone as an indicator to ensure fruit fly-free 'Sharwil' avocados. Measuring fruit firmness may be a useful component of a multiple component systems approach as an additional safeguard to reduce risk of infestation.
C1 USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Follett, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
EM peter.follett@ars.usda.gov
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 10
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 921
EP 926
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700009
PM 19610403
ER
PT J
AU Reding, ME
Persad, AB
AF Reding, Michael E.
Persad, Anand B.
TI Systemic Insecticides for Control of Black Vine Weevil (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae) in Container- and Field-Grown Nursery Crops
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ornamental plants; Otiorhynchus sulcatus; neonicotinoids; anthranilic
diamide
ID OTIORHYNCHUS-SULCATUS FABRICIUS; FRAGARIA-CHILOENSIS; RESISTANCE;
STRAWBERRY; FECUNDITY; CLONES; PLANTS
AB Black vine weevils, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), are serious pests of container- and field-grown nursery crops. Management programs usually target the larval stage in container-grown plants and the adults in field-grown plants. We tested several new systemic insecticides for efficacy against black vine weevil in container-grown Sedum spp. and field-grown Taxus spp. In 2006 and 2007, clothianidin, dinotefuran, and chlorantraniliprole were applied as surface drenches to containerized Sedum. plants, and suppression of larval densities and adult feeding were evaluated. Sedum. leaf bioassays were used to further examine the influence of clothianidin, dinotefuran, and chlorantraniliprole on adult feeding. In 2006, pots were infested with adult black vine weevil 1 d after treating, and in 2007 pots were infested 1 or 43 d after treating. All three insecticides significantly reduced the numbers of larvae in 2006, but not in 2007, because of low numbers of larvae in the untreated control plants. Dinotefuran and clothianidin reduced feeding by adult black vine weevil on containerized Sedum plants, resulting in more blossoms, fewer damaged leaves, and a lower percentage of leaves damaged compared with control plants. In bioassays with detached leaves, all three insecticides reduced feeding compared with control plants. Efficacy and timing of clothianidin, imidacloprid, and acephate soil drenches and imidacloprid and acephate soil injections were evaluated for black vine weevil control over a 1-yr period in field-grown Taxus plants. All insecticide treatments significantly reduced the numbers of larvae in field-grown Taxus plants compared with control plants; and all but the spring acephate drench improved the appearance of the Taxus (foliar rating) plants compared with untreated plants. All of the tested insecticides showed potential for preventing infestations of black vine weevil larvae and reducing feeding by the adults in ornamental plants.
C1 [Reding, Michael E.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Hort Insects Res Grp, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Persad, Anand B.] Davey Tree Expert Co, Kent, OH 44240 USA.
RP Reding, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Hort Insects Res Grp, 1680 Madison Av, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
EM mike.reding@ars.usda.gov
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 9
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 927
EP 933
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700010
PM 19610404
ER
PT J
AU Krugner, R
Groves, RL
Johnson, MW
Flores, AP
Hagler, JR
Morse, JG
AF Krugner, Rodrigo
Groves, Russell L.
Johnson, Marshall W.
Flores, Arnel P.
Hagler, James R.
Morse, Joseph G.
TI Seasonal Population Dynamics of Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera:
Cicadellidae) in Sweet Orange Trees Maintained Under Continuous Deficit
Irrigation
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE plant stress; citrus; glassy-winged sharpshooter; insect-plant
interactions
ID GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; COAGULATA HEMIPTERA;
INSECT PERFORMANCE; WATER-DEFICIT; FRUIT-QUALITY; AMINO-ACIDS;
TRANSMISSION; PLANTS; HYPOTHESIS
AB A 2-yr study was conducted in a citrus orchard (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cultivar Valencia) to determine the influence of plant water stress on the population dynamics of glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (German). Experimental treatments included irrigation at 100% of the crop evapotranspiration rate (ET(c)) and continuous deficit-irrigation regimens at 80 and 60% ET(c.) Microclimate and plant conditions monitored included temperature and humidity in the tree canopy, leaf surface temperature, water potential, and fruit quality and yield. Glassy-winged sharpshooter population densities and activity were monitored weekly by a combination of visual inspections, beat net sampling, and trapping. Glassy-winged sharpshooter populations were negatively affected by severe plant water stress; however, population densities were not linearly related to decreasing water availability in plants. Citrus trees irrigated at 60% ET(c) had significantly warmer leaves, lower xylem water potential, and consequently hosted fewer glassy-winged sharpshooter eggs, nymphs, and adults than trees irrigated at 80% ET(c). Citrus trees irrigated at 100% ET(c) hosted similar numbers of glassy-winged sharpshooter stages as trees irrigated at 60% ET(c) and a lower number of glassy-winged sharpshooter nymphs than the 80% ET(c) treatment, specifically during the nymphal density peak in mid-April to early July. Irrigation treatments did not affect populations of monitored natural enemies. Although the adult glassy-winged sharpshooter population was reduced, on average, by 50% in trees under severe water stress, the total number of fruit and number of fruit across several fruit grade categories were significantly lower in the 60% ET(c) than in the 80 and 100% ET(c) irrigation treatments.
C1 [Krugner, Rodrigo; Groves, Russell L.; Johnson, Marshall W.; Flores, Arnel P.; Hagler, James R.; Morse, Joseph G.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
RP Krugner, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
EM Rodrigo.Krugner@ars.usda.gov
FU University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
Pierce's Disease and Glassy-winged Sharpshooter Research; USDA-ARS
FX We thank M. Sisterson, K. M. Dame, and R. F. Luck for useful comments on
an earlier version of this manuscript; L. Morrison and T. Ortega from
the UCR Agriculture Operations Unit for the installation and maintenance
of the irrigation system; and Redlands Foothill Groves for processing
the harvested oranges. Funding for this project was provided in part by
the University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, Pierce's Disease and Glassy-winged Sharpshooter Research
Grants Program, the USDA-ARS, and through a Specific Cooperative
Agreement between the USDA-ARS and UC Riverside.
NR 56
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U1 2
U2 8
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 960
EP 973
PG 14
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700015
PM 19610409
ER
PT J
AU Lapointe, SL
Hall, DG
AF Lapointe, Stephen L.
Hall, David G.
TI Arrestment Behavior in the Polyphagous Tropical Root Weevil Diaprepes
abbreviatus
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diaprepes root weevil; arrestment; aggregation pheromone; wind tunnel
ID MALE BOLL-WEEVILS; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; ANTHONOMUS-GRANDIS;
COLEOPTERA; CURCULIONIDAE; OVIPOSITION; ATTRACTANCY; EXPERIENCE; BEETLE;
TRAPS
AB A semiochemical-based attractant for the tropical root weevil, Diaprepes abbreviates L., has been sought since the introduction of this polyphagous pest to Florida in the 1960s. A six-unit wind tunnel apparatus was constructed to allow multiple runs to be conducted simultaneously to test the response of D. abbreviates adults to volatile and contact semiochemicals. Arrestment was measured as the number of weevils stopping and remaining on a target when presented with upwind target choices. No response (movement upwind) was observed when weevils were presented with a control (no odor). Some movement upwind but no arrestment occurred when weevils were presented with young citrus leaves (flush). Citrus flush that had been fed on by D. abbreviates adults was highly attractive and induced arrestment of both male and female adults. The effect was duplicated by placing organdy-enclosed feces (frass) on undamaged flush. The arrestment effect was eliminated; however, when fed-on flush was enclosed in a cage so that weevils could not contact the leaves. In these experiments, weevils continued to move upwind. The results of these tests lead us to conclude that host and mate location by D. abbreviates is mediated by volatile and contact semiochemicals.
C1 [Lapointe, Stephen L.; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
RP Lapointe, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
EM Stephen.Lapointe@ars.usda.gov
NR 29
TC 5
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U1 1
U2 5
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 992
EP 998
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700018
PM 19610412
ER
PT J
AU Weaver, DH
Buteler, M
Hofland, ML
Runyon, JB
Nansen, C
Talbert, LE
Lamb, P
Carlson, GR
AF Weaver, David H.
Buteler, Micaela
Hofland, Megan L.
Runyon, Justin B.
Nansen, Christian
Talbert, Luther E.
Lamb, Peggy
Carlson, Gregg R.
TI Cultivar Preferences of Ovipositing Wheat Stem Sawflies as Influenced by
the Amount of Volatile Attractant
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE trap crops; host preference; semiochemicals; (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate;
attractant
ID CEPHUS-CINCTUS; PHEROMONE COMPONENTS; CHEMICAL ECOLOGY; PEST-MANAGEMENT;
HYMENOPTERA; CEPHIDAE; MONTANA; FIELDS; PARASITOIDS; LARVAE
AB The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton, causes severe losses in wheat grown in the northern Great Plains. Much of the affected area is planted in monoculture with wheat, Triticum aestivum. L., grown in large fields alternating yearly between crop and no-till fallow. The crop and fallow fields are adjacent. This cropping landscape creates pronounced edge effects of sawfly infestations and may be amenable to trap cropping using existing agricultural practices. The behavioral preference for two wheat varieties was assessed in the context of developing trap crops for this insect. In field nurseries, stem lodging assessments indicated that the cultivar 'Conan' was infrequently damaged, whereas 'Reeder' was often heavily damaged. In laboratory choice and no-choice tests, 'Reeder' was significantly preferred by ovipositing wheat stem sawfly females. These two cultivars did not differ significantly in height or developmental stage, factors known to impact sawfly preference. Although Conan received fewer eggs than Reeder in no-choice tests, oviposition was further reduced in choice tests, indicating that females clearly preferred Reeder. In field trials where the overall dimensions of the spatial structure in choice tests was varied, females always selected Reeder over Conan in alternating block row, and interseeded planting scenarios. Reeder releases greater amounts of the attractive compound, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate than Conan but is similar to Conan for three other known, behaviorally active volatile compounds. The results are discussed in terms of cultivar selection for large scale trap crop experiments for the wheat stem sawfly.
C1 [Weaver, David H.; Buteler, Micaela; Hofland, Megan L.; Runyon, Justin B.; Nansen, Christian] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Runyon, Justin B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Nansen, Christian] Texas A&M Syst, AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA.
[Talbert, Luther E.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Lamb, Peggy; Carlson, Gregg R.] Montana State Univ, No Ag Res Ctr, Havre, MT 59501 USA.
RP Weaver, DH (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, 334 Leon Johnson Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
OI Runyon, Justin B./0000-0002-0271-0511
FU USDA-Western SARE [SW07-025]
FX This research was supported using funds from USDA-Western SARE award
SW07-025, several USDA Special Research Grants entitled "Novel
semiochemical- and pathogen-based management strategies for wheat stem
sawfly," by the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee, and by the Montana
Board of Research and Commercialization Technology. The authors thank K.
Chamberlain for providing (E)-beta-ocimene.
NR 36
TC 29
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U1 2
U2 19
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1009
EP 1017
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700020
PM 19610414
ER
PT J
AU Gharalari, AH
Nansen, C
Lawson, DS
Gilley, J
Munyaneza, JE
Vaughn, K
AF Gharalari, A. H.
Nansen, C.
Lawson, D. S.
Gilley, J.
Munyaneza, J. E.
Vaughn, K.
TI Knockdown Mortality, Repellency, and Residual Effects of Insecticides
for Control of Adult Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE IPM; potato; zebra chip disease; chemical control
ID POTATO WHITEFLY HOMOPTERA; UNITED-STATES; ZEBRA CHIP; ABAMECTIN; TOMATO;
FOLIAGE; PLANTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ALEYRODIDAE; SPINOSAD
AB The psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is the vector of a bacterial pathogen causing zebra chip (ZC) disease in potato, Solanum tuberosum. L. (Solanaceae). Recently, ZC has become important to potato growers and the potato chipping industry in the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and New Zealand. In the current study, we evaluated the knockdown effect of 12 insecticides against adult B. cockerelli, and we examined the effects of treating potato leaves: top side only, bottom side only, or both sides. Within 48 h of exposure, abamectin showed the highest and most consistent rate of adult B. cockerelli mortality and a dosage response to three dosages within labeled field rates. Choice tests conducted in petri dishes, involving untreated potato leaves and leaves treated with abamectin, revealed that abamectin did not affect host preference of adult B. cockerelli. A residual test under field conditions revealed that, although highly effective immediately after application, abamectin-effect was nonsignificantly different from control treatments 24 and 48 h after field application. Higher adult B. cockerelli mortality was recorded from potato plants treated with ground application compared with aerial 48 h after application. Our results indicated that abamectin has a high knockdown effect on adult B. cockerelli and that it can be used effectively in insecticide rotation programs against adult B. cockerelli and ZC control in potatoes.
C1 [Gharalari, A. H.; Nansen, C.; Vaughn, K.] Texas AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA.
[Lawson, D. S.] Syngenta Crop Protect Inc, Greensboro, NC 27419 USA.
[Gilley, J.] CSS Farms, Dalhart, TX 79022 USA.
[Munyaneza, J. E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Gharalari, AH (reprint author), Texas AgriLife Res, 1102 E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA.
EM ahosseini@ag.tamu.edu
RI Hosseini-Gharalari, Ali/S-2140-2016
OI Hosseini-Gharalari, Ali/0000-0002-1656-2628
FU Texas Department of Agriculture
FX We thank CSS farm for providing the field and the spraying facilities.
Financial support for this work was provided by Texas Department of
Agriculture.
NR 36
TC 42
Z9 46
U1 3
U2 15
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-0493
EI 1938-291X
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1032
EP 1038
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700022
PM 19610416
ER
PT J
AU Grosman, DM
Clarke, SR
Upton, WW
AF Grosman, Donald M.
Clarke, Stephen R.
Upton, William W.
TI Efficacy of Two Systemic Insecticides Injected Into Loblolly Pine for
Protection Against Southern Pine Bark Beetles (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae)
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dendroctonus frontalis; Ips spp.; emamectin benzoate; fipronil;
single-tree protection
ID EMAMECTIN BENZOATE; BURSAPHELENCHUS-XYLOPHILUS; WOOD NEMATODE;
UNITED-STATES; WILT DISEASE; CARBARYL; CONIFERS; WESTERN; ATTACK; TREES
AB We evaluated the efficacy of systemic insecticides emamectin benzoate and fipronil for preventing mortality of individual loblolly pines, Pinus taeda L., as a result of attacks by southern pine bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) for two consecutive years in Mississippi (20052006) and Alabama (2006-2007). Trees were injected once in the spring of 2005 (Mississippi) or 2006 (Alabama) and then were baited with species-specific bark beetle lures several weeks later. The southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, was the target species but was changed to Ips spp. in Mississippi (but not Alabama) the second year because of few southern pine beetle attacks on baited trees. Single injections of emamectin benzoate were effective in reducing tree mortality caused by bark beetles compared with untreated checks. Although less effective overall fipronil also significantly reduced tree mortality from southern pine beetle compared with the checks during the second year in Alabama. Tree mortality continued well after the lures had been removed. Evaluations of bolts taken from experimental trees killed in 2006 indicated that emamectin benzoate effectively prevented parent bark beetle gallery construction and that fipronil significantly reduced lengths of galleries constructed by adult beetles, brood development, and emergence, compared with checks. In contrast, neither insecticide treatment prevented the bark beetles from inoculating blue stain fungi, Ophiostoma spp., into treated trees.
C1 [Grosman, Donald M.; Upton, William W.] Texas Forest Serv, Lufkin, TX 75902 USA.
[Clarke, Stephen R.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Lufkin, TX 75901 USA.
RP Grosman, DM (reprint author), Texas Forest Serv, POB 310, Lufkin, TX 75902 USA.
EM dgrosman@tfs.tamu.edu
FU Southern Pine Beetle Initiative; USDA-Forest Service Southern Research
Station, Pineville, LA; Forest Pest Management Cooperative
FX We thank Jason Helvey and Vladimir Cizek (Texas Forest Service) and
Roger Menard and Wood Johnson (Forest Health Protection, USDA-Forest
Service) for field and laboratory assistance. We also thank James Meeker
and Timothy Haley (Forest Health Protection, USDA-Forest Service) and
Cindy Ragland (Oakmulgee Ranger District, USDA-Forest Service) who
provided the study sites. Brian Strom (Southern Research Station,
USDA-Forest Service) donated the Vapam. We thank Ronald Billings and
Herbert Pase (Texas Forest Service), Christopher Fettig (Pacific
Southwest Research Station, USDA-Forest Service), David Cox (Syngenta
Crop Protection Inc.), and Harold Quicke (BASF) for comments on earlier
drafts of this manuscript. The companies named herein loaned injection
systems and/or donated insecticides. This research was supported by a
Southern Pine Beetle Initiative grant from the USDA-Forest Service
Southern Research Station, Pineville, LA, and the Forest Pest Management
Cooperative.
NR 33
TC 16
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 8
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1062
EP 1069
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700026
PM 19610420
ER
PT J
AU Haack, RA
Petrice, TR
AF Haack, Rert A.
Petrice, Toby R.
TI Bark- and Wood-Borer Colonization of Logs and Lumber After Heat
Treatment to ISPM 15 Specifications: The Role of Residual Bark
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cerambycidae; Curculionidae; Scolytidae; Scolytinae; heat treatment
ID INSECT INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; EXOTIC BARK; COLEOPTERA; INTERCEPTIONS;
SCOLYTINAE; QUARANTINE; ECOLOGY; FORESTS; CANADA
AB Wood packaging material (WPM) is a major pathway for international movement of bark- and wood-infesting insects. ISPM 15 the first international standard for treating WPM, was adopted in 2002 and first implemented in the United States in 2006. ISPM 15 allows bark to remain on WPM after treatment, raising concerns that insects could infest after treatment, especially if bark were present. We conducted field studies to evaluate insect infestation of green logs and lumber with varying amounts of bark after heat treatment. In a log study, Cerambycidae and Scolytinae (ambrosia beetles and bark beetles) readily infested and developed in logs with bark after heat treatment. In a lumber study, Cerambycidae and bark beetles laid eggs in all sizes of bark patches tested (approximate to 25, 100, 250, and 1,000 cm(2)) after heat treatment but did not infest control or heat-treated lumber without bark. Cerambycidae completed development only in boards with bark patches of 1,000 cm(2), whereas bark beetles completed development on patches of 100, 250, and 1,000 cm(2). Survival of bark beetles was greater in square patches (10 by 10 cm) versus rectangular patches (2.5 by 40 cm) of the same surface area (100 cm(2)). In surveys at six U.S. ports in 2006, 9.4% of 5,945 ISPM 15-marked WPM items contained bark and 1.2% of 563 ISPM 15-marked WPM items with bark contained live insects of quarantine significance under the bark. It was not possible to determine whether the presence of live insects represented treatment failure or infestation after treatment.
C1 [Haack, Rert A.; Petrice, Toby R.] USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
RP Haack, RA (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1407 S Harrison Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
EM rhaack@fs.fed.us
NR 31
TC 25
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U1 2
U2 12
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ANNAPOLIS
PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA
SN 0022-0493
EI 1938-291X
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1075
EP 1084
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700028
PM 19610422
ER
PT J
AU Leskey, TC
Bergh, JC
Walgenbach, JF
Zhang, AJ
AF Leskey, Tracy C.
Bergh, J. Christopher
Walgenbach, James F.
Zhang, Aijun
TI Evaluation of Pheromone-Based Management Strategies for Dogwood Borer
(Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in Commercial Apple Orchards
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dogwood borer; mass trapping; antagonist-based mating disruption;
Sesiidae; apple
ID MECHANISMS MEDIATING DISRUPTION; MOTH SEXUAL COMMUNICATION;
SYNANTHEDON-SCITULA; MATING DISRUPTION; CHORISTONEURA-ROSACEANA;
PANDEMIS-LIMITATA; POINT SOURCES; NEW-YORK; ROOTSTOCKS; BLENDS
AB The dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), is a serious wood-boring pest of apple in eastern North America. The recent identification of its sex pheromone and systematic documentation of the effect of a potent behavioral antagonist affords the opportunity to develop pheromone-based management strategies for this important pest. Here we evaluated the potential of pheromone-based mass trapping of males to reduce dogwood borer infestations and conducted preliminary evaluations of an antagonist-based pheromone blend for disruption of dogwood borer mate finding in commercial apple orchards in North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. In the mass trapping study, treatments included a conventional trunk-drench application of chlorpyrifos, a low-density mass trapping regime of 5 traps/ha, a higher-density mass trapping regime of 20 traps/ha, and an untreated control. We removed large numbers of males from orchards at all locations, with 27,155, 8,418, and 7,281 removed from high-density trapping plots in North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia, respectively, over 2 yr. After 2 yr under each of these treatment regimes, infestation in high- and low-density mass trapping plots was not reduced to the level of chlorpyrifostreated plots. An antagonist-based dispenser deployed at a rate of 250/ha effectively disrupted mate-finding by male dogwood borer. In plots with mating disruption dispensers, captures in pheromone-baited traps were virtually eliminated, and no males were captured in traps baited with virgin females.
C1 [Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Bergh, J. Christopher] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA.
[Walgenbach, James F.] N Carolina State Univ, Mt Hort Crops Res & Extens Ctr, Fletcher, NC 28732 USA.
[Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Leskey, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM tracy.leskey@.ars.usda.gov
FU USDA-CSREES Southern Region IPM [2005-34103-15592]
FX We thank D. Kain and C. Myers for reviewing an earlier version of this
manuscript; S. Wright, T. Hancock, J. Engelman, S. Schoof, and J. Nie
for excellent technical assistance; and M. Orr, Orr Bros. Orchard, A.
Davis, Davis Orchards, and J. Marker, Marker-Miller Orchards, for
allowing us to conduct studies in their commercial apple orchards. This
research was supported primarily by Grant 2005-34103-15592 from the
USDA-CSREES Southern Region IPM Grants Program.
NR 38
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 9
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1085
EP 1093
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700029
PM 19610423
ER
PT J
AU Pinero, JC
Mau, RFL
Vargas, RI
AF Pinero, Jaime C.
Mau, Ronald F. L.
Vargas, Roger I.
TI Managing Oriental Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae), With Spinosad-Based
Protein Bait Sprays and Sanitation in Papaya Orchards in Hawaii
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE GF-120 NF Naturalyte Fruit Fly Bait; integrated pest management;
trapping; infestation; Fopius arisanus
ID MELON FLIES DIPTERA; INFESTATION RATES; METHYL EUGENOL; CUE-LURE;
PLANTS; POPULATIONS; MALATHION; TOXICITY; RIPENESS; DILUTION
AB The efficacy of GF-120 NF Naturalyte Fruit Fly Bait in combination with field sanitation was assessed as a control for female oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in papaya (Carica papaya L.) orchards in Hawaii. Three different bait spray regimes were evaluated: every row (high use of the bait), every fifth row (moderate use), and every 10th row (low use). Orchard plots in which no bait was applied served as controls. For five of the seven biweekly periods that followed the first bait spray, trapping data revealed significantly fewer female B. dorsalis captured in plots subject to high and moderate bait use than in control plots. Differences in incidence of infestation among treatments were detected only by the third (12 wk after first spray) fruit sampling with significantly fewer infested one-fourth to one-half ripe papaya fruit in plots subject to high and moderate bait use than in control plots. Parasitism rates by Fopius arisanus (Sonar) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were not negatively affected by bait application. Results indicate that foliar applications of GF-120 NF Naturalyte Fruit Fly Bait either to all rows (every other tree), or to every fifth row (every tree) in combination with good sanitation can effectively reduce infestation by B. dorsalis in papaya orchards in Hawaii.
C1 [Pinero, Jaime C.; Mau, Ronald F. L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Vargas, Roger I.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Pinero, JC (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, 3050 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM jpinero@ctahr.hawaii.edu
NR 26
TC 37
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 12
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1123
EP 1132
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700034
PM 19610428
ER
PT J
AU Mangan, RL
AF Mangan, Robert L.
TI Effects of Bait Age and Prior Protein Feeding on Cumulative
Time-Dependent Mortality of Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Exposed to GF-120 Spinosad Baits
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mexican fruit fly; GF-120; Solbait
ID MELON FLIES DIPTERA; FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; SPRAY; TOXICITY; ATTRACTION;
DILUTION; HAWAII; PLANTS; FIELD
AB A fruit fly bait to attract and kill adult fruit flies, GF-120, was tested in cages to determine effects of pretreatment diet and bait aging before use on cumulative mortality rates of Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Protein-starved and protein-fed, 9-d-old flies both experienced varying overall cumulative mortality at 4, 8, 24, and 48 h. Pretreatment diet had no significant effect on mortality. Overall mortality rates were below 10% for 4 h, 39-43% at 8 h, but mortality in all treatments increased to 89-93% by 24 h, and 99% by 48 h. In a second experiment, GF-120 baits were either freshly prepared or aged for 24 h. Subtreatments consisted of protein-fed and protein-starved flies. The 24-h-aged bait killed significantly more flies at 4 and 8 h than the freshly prepared bait. Protein-starved flies had significantly higher mortality at 4 h and marginally higher mortality at 8 h than protein-fed flies. At 24 and 48 h, there were no significant differences among treatments, and overall morality rose to 99-100% by 48 h. These results may explain differences noted in previous publications in which fruit fly mortality to GF-120 was reported as unusually low as well as reports of bait ineffectiveness for protein-fed flies. The overall impact of any initial repellency of GF-120 seems negligible as judged by overall cumulative mortality at later evaluation times.
C1 USDA ARS, Crop Qual & Fruit Insects Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
RP Mangan, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Qual & Fruit Insects Res Unit, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
EM robert.mangan@ars.usda.gov
FU Dow AgroSciences through two Cooperative Research and Development
Agreements [58-3K95-9-714, 58-3K95-5-1105]
FX Aleena Tarshis Moreno (USDA-ARS, Weslaco, TX) coordinated student and
temporary technical support workers, maintained data files and
experimental notes for procedures, set tip experiments, and recorded
data. The manuscript was peer reviewed by Mark Hertlein of Dow
AgroSciences. An anonymous reviewer made several useful suggestions for
clarification and inclusion of additional information to the manuscript.
This research was supported with funding from Dow AgroSciences through
two Cooperative Research and Development Agreements, 58-3K95-9-714
(1998-2002) and 58-3K95-5-1105 (2005-2009).
NR 24
TC 12
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U1 0
U2 1
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1157
EP 1163
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700038
PM 19610432
ER
PT J
AU Cornelius, ML
Lyn, M
Williams, KS
Lovisa, MP
De Lucca, AJ
Lax, AR
AF Cornelius, Mary L.
Lyn, Margaret
Williams, Kelley S.
Lovisa, Mary P.
De Lucca, Anthony J., II
Lax, Alan R.
TI Efficacy of Bait Supplements for Improving the Rate of Discovery of Bait
Stations in the Field by Formosan Subterranean Termites (Isoptera:
Rhinotermitidae)
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE attractant; termite control; foraging behavior; tunneling
ID RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES; COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
ATTRACTION; WOOD
AB Field tests of four different bait Supplements were conducted in City Park, New Orleans I.,A. The four bait supplements tested included two different formulations of decayed material, a sports drink and the combination of all application of an aqueous solution of Summon Preferred Food Source disks with the disk itself. Although all the bait supplements in this study resulted in a slightly greater number of treated stations discovered compared with control stations, only the application of the aqueous solution combined with the disk caused a significant increase in the number of stations discovered by termites. This treatment resulted in a significantly greater rate of discovery of treated stations versus control stations after only 14 d in the field. Termites were able to discover six times as many treated as control stations after 14 d, 9 times its many after 28 d, and 12 times as many after 42 d. These findings provide evidence that the diffusion of an aqueous solution into the soil underneath monitoring stations significantly decreased the length of time required for termites to infest stations.
C1 [Cornelius, Mary L.; Lyn, Margaret; Williams, Kelley S.; Lovisa, Mary P.; De Lucca, Anthony J., II; Lax, Alan R.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA.
RP Cornelius, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA.
EM mary.cornelius@ars.usda.gov
NR 18
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U1 0
U2 7
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1175
EP 1181
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700041
PM 19610435
ER
PT J
AU Gassmann, AJ
Fabrick, JA
Sisterson, MS
Hannon, ER
Stock, SP
Carriere, Y
Tabashnik, BE
AF Gassmann, Aaron J.
Fabrick, Jeffrey A.
Sisterson, Mark S.
Hannon, Eugene R.
Stock, S. Patricia
Carriere, Yves
Tabashnik, Bruce E.
TI Effects of Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis on
Phenoloxidase Activity and Susceptibility to Entomopathogenic Nematodes
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological control; fitness cost; immune response; integrated resistance
management; simulation modeling
ID HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA LEPIDOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; MOTH
EPHESTIA-KUEHNIELLA; FITNESS COSTS; INSECT RESISTANCE; HOST-PLANT; BT
COTTON; TRANSGENIC COTTON; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE
AB Widespread planting of crops genetically engineered to produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) imposes selection on many key agricultural pests to evolve resistance to Bt. Fitness costs can slow the evolution of Bt resistance. We examined effects of entomopathogenic nematodes on fitness costs of Bt resistance in the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a major pest of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in the southwestern United States that is currently controlled by transgenic cotton that produces Bt toxin Cry1Ac. We tested whether the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema riobrave Cabanillas, Poinar, and Raulston (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) affected fitness costs of resistance to Cry1Ac in two laboratory-selected hybrid strains of pink bollworm reared on non-Bt cotton bolls. The nematode S. riobrave imposed a recessive fitness cost for one strain, and H. bacteriophora imposed a fitness cost affecting heterozygous resistant individuals for the other strain. Activity of phenoloxidase, an important component of insects' immune response, did not differ between Bt-resistant and Bt-susceptible families. This suggests phenoloxidase does not affect susceptibility to entomopathogenic nematodes in Bt-resistant pink bollworm. Additionally, phenoloxidase activity does not contribute to Bt resistance, as has been found in some species. We conclude that other mechanisms cause higher nematode-imposed mortality for pink bollworm with Bt resistance genes. Incorporation of nematode-imposed fitness costs into a spatially explicit simulation model suggests that entomopathogenic nematodes in non-Bt refuges could delay resistance by pink bollworm to Bt cotton.
C1 [Gassmann, Aaron J.; Hannon, Eugene R.; Stock, S. Patricia; Carriere, Yves; Tabashnik, Bruce E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Fabrick, Jeffrey A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA.
[Sisterson, Mark S.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
RP Gassmann, AJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM aaronjg@iastate.edu
FU Center for Insect Science at tide University of Arizona; United States
Department of Agriculture [2005-00925, 2006-35302-17365, 2007-02227,
2007-35302-18415]
FX We thank Ana Romo, Alex Yelich, Christa Ellers-Kirk, Ginny Haupold, and
Gopalan Unnithan for assistance. Funding was provided by the Center for
Insect Science at tide University of Arizona and by the United States
Department of Agriculture through grants 2005-00925, 2006-35302-17365,
2007-02227, and 2007-35302-18415.
NR 59
TC 15
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U1 1
U2 15
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1224
EP 1232
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700048
PM 19610442
ER
PT J
AU Bourgeois, AL
Rinderer, TE
AF Bourgeois, A. Lelania
Rinderer, Thomas E.
TI Genetic Characterization of Russian Honey Bee Stock Selected for
Improved Resistance to Varroa destructor
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Apis; breeding program; Russian honey bees; genetic differentiation
ID MULTISTATE FIELD TRIALS; UNITED-STATES; BREEDING PROGRAM;
APIS-MELLIFERA; POPULATION; POLYANDRY; COLONIES; ARS; HYMENOPTERA;
SOFTWARE
AB Maintenance of genetic diversity among breeding lines is important in selective breeding and stock management. The Russian Honey Bee Breeding Program has strived to maintain high levels of heterozygosity among its breeding lines since its inception in 1997. After numerous rounds of selection for resistance to tracheal and varroa mites and improved honey production, 18 lines were selected as the core of the program. These lines were grouped into three breeding blocks that were crossbred to improve overall heterozygosity levels of the population. Microsatellite DNA data demonstrated that the program has been successful. Heterozygosity and allelic richness values are high and there are no indications of inbreeding among the three blocks. There were significant levels of genetic structure measured among the three blocks. Block C was genetically distinct from both blocks A and B (F(ST) = 0.0238), whereas blocks A and B did not differ from each other (F(ST) = 0.0074). The same pattern was seen for genic (based on numbers of alleles) differentiation. Genetic distance, as measured by chord distance, indicates that all of the 18 lines are equally distant, with minimal clustering. The data indicate that the overall design of the breeding program has been successful in maintaining high levels of diversity and avoiding problems associated with inbreeding.
C1 [Bourgeois, A. Lelania; Rinderer, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA.
RP Bourgeois, AL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA.
EM lanie.bourgeois@ars.usda.gov
NR 35
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 9
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1233
EP 1238
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700049
PM 19610443
ER
PT J
AU Montgomery, ME
Bentz, SE
Olsen, RT
AF Montgomery, Michael E.
Bentz, S. E.
Olsen, Richard T.
TI Evaluation of Hemlock (Tsuga) Species and Hybrids for Resistance to
Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Using Artificial Infestation
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Adelges tsugae; hemlock woolly adelgid; hybrid hemlock; host plant
resistance
ID EASTERN HEMLOCK; CANADENSIS; HOMOPTERA; DNA; TERPENOIDS; EVOLUTION;
DENSITY; PLANTS
AB Hemlock (Tsuga) species and hybrids were evaluated for resistance to the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). The adelgid was accidentally introduced from Asia to the eastern United States, where it is causing widespread mortality of the native hemlocks, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere and Tsuga caroliniana Engelm. These two native species plus the Asian species Tsuga chinensis (Franch.) E. Pritz and T. dumosa (D.Don) Eichler and Tsuga sieboldii Carriere, and the hybrids T. chinensis x T. caroliniana and T. chinensis x T. sieboldii, were artificially infested with the crawler stage of A. tsugae in the early spring 2006 and 2007. After 8 or 9 wk-when the spring (progrediens) generation would be mature-counts were made of the adelgid. In both years, the density of A. tsugae was highest on T. canadensis, T. caroliniana, and T. sieboldii; lowest on T. chinensis; and intermediate on the hybrids. On T. chinensis and the T. chinensis hybrids, fewer adelgids settled fewer of the settled adelgids survived, and the surviving adelgids grew slower. Thus, the nature of the host resistance is both nonpreference (antixenosis) and adverse effects on biology (antibiosis). Tree growth (height) was associated with resistance, but no association was found between time of budbreak and resistance that was independent of the taxa. Many of the hybrids grow well, have attractive form, and are promising as resistant landscape alternatives for the native hemlocks.
C1 [Montgomery, Michael E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA.
[Bentz, S. E.; Olsen, Richard T.] US Natl Arboretum, USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20002 USA.
RP Montgomery, ME (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA.
EM memontgomery@fs.fed.us
FU USDA Interagency [O5-IA-11242326-005]
FX We thank Scott Talbott, Paul Millard, and Thomas Abell (U.S. National
Arboretum) for dedicated maintenance of the plant material and data
collection; Jason Biroscak, Gregg Bradford, and DeAdra Newman (U.S.
Forest Service) for assistance with data collection; and Richard
Casagrande and R. Talbot Trotter for helpful comments on earlier drafts.
This research was funded in part by USDA Interagency Agreement
O5-IA-11242326-005 between the Forest Service and Agricultural Research
Service.
NR 30
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U1 1
U2 16
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1247
EP 1254
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700051
PM 19610445
ER
PT J
AU Chen, YG
Ni, XZ
Cottrell, TE
Wood, BW
Buntin, GD
AF Chen, Yigen
Ni, Xinzhi
Cottrell, Ted E.
Wood, Bruce W.
Buntin, G. David
TI Changes of Oxidase and Hydrolase Activities in Pecan Leaves Elicited by
Black Pecan Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Feeding
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE catalase; esterase; lipoxygenase; lipoxygenase 1; peroxidase
ID DIFFERENTIAL INDUCTION; OXIDATIVE RESPONSES; INDUCED RESISTANCE;
HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; METHYL JASMONATE; PLANT DEFENSE; LIPOXYGENASE;
COMPONENTS; HOMOPTERA; HERBIVORY
AB The black pecan aphid, Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Davis) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a foliar feeder of pecan, Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch (Juglandaceae). The pest causes chlorosis of leaflet lamina, physiological damage to foliage and trees, and commonly limits the profitability of commercial pecan orchard enterprises. However, key aspects of this host-pest interaction are poorly understood. We report here the effects of M. caryaefoliae feeding on the foliar activity of oxidative (i.e., catalase, lipoxygenase [LOX] -1 and 3, and peroxidase) and hydrolytic (i.e., esterase) enzymes in relation to the degree of aphid resistance among pecan varieties. The 2-yr study showed that M. caryaefoliae-infested foliage exhibited elevated peroxidase activity only in susceptible ('Desirable', 'Sumner', and 'Schley'), but not in resistant ('Cape Fear', 'Gloria Grande', and 'Money Maker') genotypes. Susceptible genotypes also exhibited more severe leaf chlorosis in response to M. caryaefoliae feeding than the resistant genotypes; however, the aphid feeding did not influence catalase or esterase activity in all varieties, except the increase of esterase activity in Desirable and Gloria Grande. Melanocallis caryaefoliae feeding also influences activity of two lipoxygenase isozymes, with LOX3 being more frequently induced than LOX1. Foliar LOX3 activity was more frequently induced by M. caryaefoliae feeding in the moderately resistant 'Oconee' and highly resistant Money Maker and Cape Fear than in the susceptible genotypes. Therefore, the elevation of peroxidase is likely to be associated with aphid susceptibility and contributed to the severe leaf chlorosis, whereas the increase of LOX3 activity might be associated with aphid resistance in pecan. These findings contribute to our understanding of the etiology of M. caryaefoliae-elicited leaf chlorosis on pecan foliage. Such information may also be used to develop enzyme markers for identifying black pecan aphid resistance and/or susceptibility in pecan germplasm.
C1 [Ni, Xinzhi] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Chen, Yigen; Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA USA.
[Cottrell, Ted E.; Wood, Bruce W.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA.
RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
EM xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov
RI Ni, Xinzhi/C-4409-2011
NR 35
TC 6
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U1 0
U2 3
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1262
EP 1269
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700053
PM 19610447
ER
PT J
AU Charlet, LD
Aiken, RM
Miller, JF
Seiler, GJ
AF Charlet, Laurence D.
Aiken, Robert M.
Miller, Jerry F.
Seiler, Gerald J.
TI Resistance Among Cultivated Sunflower Germplasm to Stem-Infesting Pests
in the Central Great Plains
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sunflower; host plant resistance; Cylindrocopturus adspersus; Dectes
texanus; Pelochrista womonana
ID CYLINDROCOPTURUS-ADSPERSUS COLEOPTERA; DECTES-TEXANUS COLEOPTERA;
LECONTE COLEOPTERA; PLANTING DATE; CURCULIONIDAE; WEEVIL; CERAMBYCIDAE;
BEHAVIOR; BORER; TRANSMISSION
AB A 7-yr field study evaluated 61 oilseed sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., accessions and 31 interspecific crosses for resistance to attack by naturally occurring populations of three stem-infesting pests, the sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae); a longhorned beetle, Dectes texanus LeConte (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae); and a root boring moth, Pelochrista womonana (Kearfott) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), at two locations in the central Great Plains. Germplasm with potential sources of resistance to attack from all three stem-infesting species were revealed. Accessions PI 6.50558, PI 386230, and PI 431516 were consistent in averaging low densities of stem weevil larvae per stalk among lines tested, and PI 497939 exceeded 25 weevil larvae per stalk in only 1 yr of 5 yr of trials. Several interspecific crosses also had consistently low densities of C. adspersus larvae per stalk. Populations of both D. texanus and P. womonana were variable over years, but differences among the lines tested were evident in many trials, revealing potential for developing resistant germplasm. Four accessions (PI 386230, PI 431542, PI 650497, and PI 650558) had low, larval densities of C. adspersus and P. womonana in addition to reduced percentage infestation by D. texanus. Results showed potential for developing resistant genotypes for these pests. The prospect of adding host plant resistance as art integrated pest management (IPM) tactic would provide another tool for reducing economic losses from stem-infesting insect pests of sunflower in the central Great Plains.
C1 [Charlet, Laurence D.; Miller, Jerry F.; Seiler, Gerald J.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Aiken, Robert M.] Kansas State Univ, NW Res Extens Ctr, Colby, KS 67701 USA.
RP Charlet, LD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N,Box 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM larry.charlet@ars.usda.gov
FU National Sunflower Association
FX We thank Theresa Gross (USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND) for assistance in the
laboratory, Mike Koch (Colorado State University, Akron, CO) for plot
maintenance, Larry Dible (Kansas State University, Colby, KS) for
planting and plot maintenance, and Ralph Wolf (Kansas State University,
Colby, KS) for field sampling and data collection. The High Plains
Committee of the National Sunflower Association and the National
Sunflower Association provided a portion of the financial support for
this project.
NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1281
EP 1290
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700055
PM 19610449
ER
PT J
AU Flint-Garcia, SA
Dashiell, KE
Prischmann, DA
Bohn, MO
Hibbard, BE
AF Flint-Garcia, Sherry A.
Dashiell, Kenton E.
Prischmann, Deirdre A.
Bohn, Martin O.
Hibbard, Bruce E.
TI Conventional Screening Overlooks Resistance Sources: Rootworm Damage of
Diverse Inbred Lines and Their B73 Hybrids Is Unrelated
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; western corn rootworm; heterosis; native
plant resistance
ID WESTERN CORN-ROOTWORM; DIABROTICA-VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA; MAIZE HYBRIDS;
LECONTE COLEOPTERA; LARVAL INJURY; CHRYSOMELIDAE; PHENOLOGY; NEBRASKA;
SURVIVAL; YIELD
AB The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte), is a major pest of maize, Zea mays L., in the United States and Europe, and it is likely to increase in importance as a trend toward increased nonrotated maize favors larger rootworm populations. Options for rootworm management in nonrotated maize in Europe and in nontransgenic "refuge" areas in countries that permit transgenic maize are limited to insecticides. Development of additional options for growers would be helpful. Screening maize germplasm (e.g., landraces, populations, inbreds) for native resistance to western corn rootworm is labor-intensive and is usually conducted on unfinished germplasm and not on hybrid materials. However, we have recently observed that topcrossed (hybrid) materials tend to have reduced western corn rootworm damage. To formally test whether rootworrn damage to inbreds and associated hybrids were correlated, we evaluated 25 diverse inbred lines and their B73 hybrids for western corn rootworm damage in seven environments. Overall, hybrids had significantly less damage than inbreds, but unfortunately, the correlation between inbreds and hybrids was not significant. These findings have important implications regarding screening germplasna for western corn rootworm resistance, namely, that inbred materials and perhaps populations should be topcrossed to form hybrid materials before screening for western corn rootworm damage to ensure that valuable sources of resistance to western corn rootworm are not missed during the screening process.
C1 [Flint-Garcia, Sherry A.; Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Dashiell, Kenton E.; Prischmann, Deirdre A.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
[Bohn, Martin O.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Hibbard, BE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM bruce.hibbard@ars.usda.gov
FU Hatch funds (University of Illinois); USDA-ARS
FX We thank Julie Barry, Matt Higdon, and Tim Praiswater (USDA-ARS,
Columbia, MO), and Dave Schneider and Jeff Olsen (USDA-ARS, Brookings,
SD) for assistance in phenotypic evaluations. We also thank Jim Holland
(USDA-ARS, Raleigh, NC) and Ana Butron (Mision Biologica de Galicia,
Pontevedra, Spain) for statistical guidance. This research was supported
by Hatch funds (University of Illinois) and USDA-ARS.
NR 35
TC 8
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U1 1
U2 4
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1317
EP 1324
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700059
PM 19610453
ER
PT J
AU Opit, GP
Throne, JE
AF Opit, G. P.
Throne, J. E.
TI Population Growth and Development of the Psocid Liposcelis brunnea
(Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) at Constant Temperatures and Relative
Humidities
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE stored products; development rates; life history; grain
ID BOSTRYCHOPHILA BADONNEL PSOCOPTERA; STORED PRODUCTS; REPRODUCTION;
DYNAMICS; PHOSPHINE; GRAIN; PEST
AB We studied the effects of temperature and relative humidity on population growth and development of the psocid Liposcelis brunnea Motschulsky. L. brunnea did not survive at 43% RH, but populations increased from 22.5 to 32.5 degrees C and 55-75% RH. Interestingly, we found population growth was higher at 63% RH than at 75% RH, and the greatest population growth was recorded at 32.5 degrees C and 63% RH. At 35 C, L. brunnea nymphal survivorship was 33%, and populations declined or barely grew. L. brunnea males have two to four nymphal instars, and the percentages of males with two, three, and four instars were 13, 82, and 5%, respectively. Female L. brunnea have three to five instars, and the percentages of females with three, four, and five instars were 18, 78, and 4%, respectively. The life cycle was shorter for males than females. We developed temperature-dependent development equations for male and female eggs, individual nymphal, combined nymphal, and combined immature stages and nymphal survivorship. The ability of L. brunnea to multiply rather rapidly at 55% RH may allow it to thrive under conditions of low relative humidity where other Liposcelis species may not. These data give us a better understanding of L. brunnea population dynamics and can be used to help develop effective management strategies for this psocid.
C1 [Opit, G. P.; Throne, J. E.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
RP Opit, GP (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM george.opit@okstate.edu
FU Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station
FX We thank A. Redmon, A. Prakash, and N. Kisangani for technical support;
K. Giles, M. Nayak, Is4. Reiskind, and J. Talley for reviessing an
earlier draft of this manuscript; E. Mockford for confirming the
identity of L. brunnea; and the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station
for partial support.
NR 34
TC 10
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U1 1
U2 2
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1360
EP 1368
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700064
PM 19610458
ER
PT J
AU Opit, GP
Throne, JE
Flinn, PW
AF Opit, G. P.
Throne, J. E.
Flinn, P. W.
TI Temporospatial Distribution of the Psocids Liposcelis entomophila and
L-decolor (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) in Steel Bins Containing Wheat
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE population dynamics; sampling; stored products
ID BOSTRYCHOPHILA BADONNEL PSOCOPTERA; POPULATION-GROWTH;
CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE; STORED PRODUCTS; LEPINOTUS-RETICULATUS; CONSTANT
TEMPERATURES; ENDERLEIN PSOCOPTERA; TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM;
RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; PHOSPHINE
AB We studied the temporospatial distribution of psocids in steel bins containing 32.6 tonnes of wheat in 2005 and 2006 in Manhattan, KS. Psocids were sampled in the top 0.9 to of wheat using a 1.2-m open-ended trier; samples were taken from the bin center and in the four cardinal directions at 0.1.5 and 0.76 to from the bin wall. In addition, a 2.4-m partitioned grain trier with 16 compartments was used to sample psocids from a 2-m-diameter circle in the center of the bins and to a depth of 1.96 m. Only two species of psocids were identified in the study: Liposcelis entomophila in 2005 and L. decolor in 2006. Densities of psocids were low immediately after bins were filled in July 2005, peaked in October, dropped to almost zero in December as temperatures decreased, and remained at low levels until the study was ended in March. In 2006, densities of psocids increased gradually from August to mid-October and declined until the study was ended in early November. During the fall, psocids were more abundant at the center of the bin and at lower depths. In October to November of both years, the temperatures and moisture contents of grain in the center also were higher than that in other locations. This is the first report of temporospatial distribution of psocids in steel bins of wheat.
C1 [Opit, G. P.; Throne, J. E.; Flinn, P. W.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
RP Opit, GP (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 127 Noble Res Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM George.opit@okstate.edu
RI Flinn, Paul/B-9104-2013
NR 45
TC 20
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U1 0
U2 2
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1369
EP 1376
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700065
PM 19610459
ER
PT J
AU Opit, GP
Throne, JE
Flinn, PW
AF Opit, G. P.
Throne, J. E.
Flinn, P. W.
TI Evaluation of Five Sampling Methods for the Psocids Liposcelis
entomophila and L-decolor (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) in Steel Bins
Containing Wheat
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Insector probe traps; population dynamics; cardboard refuges; stored
products
ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; GRAIN PROTECTANTS; STORED PRODUCTS; BOSTRYCHOPHILA;
PHOSPHINE; PEST
AB An evaluation of five sampling methods for studying psocid population levels was conducted in two steel bins containing 32.6 tonnes of wheat in Manhattan, KS. Psocids were sampled using a 1.2-m open-ended trier, corrugated cardboard refuges placed on the underside of the bin hatch or the surface of the grain, and manual or automated electronic counts front Insector probe traps. Only two species were identified in this study: Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) in 2005 and L. decolor (Pearman) in 2006. In both years, psocid numbers started to increase in early September, peaked earliest in surface refuges, and peaked at nearly the same time in grain samples and manual and electronic Insector counts. No psocids were found in hatch refuges in December to February, although psocids were detected by the other sampling methods during this time. Numbers of psocids in the grain samples could be estimated from the numbers of psocids obtained using the cardboard refuges and In sector probe traps in both years. The results indicate that cardboard refuges or Insectors may provide an effective method for sampling psocids in bins of wheat.
C1 [Opit, G. P.; Throne, J. E.; Flinn, P. W.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
RP Opit, GP (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 127 Noble Res Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM george.opit@okstate.edu
RI Flinn, Paul/B-9104-2013
FU Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station
FX We thank B. Barnett, K. Friesen, A. Prakash, and A. Redmon for technical
support and R. T. Arbogast, H. Melouk, E. Mockford, M. Nayak, and M.
Reiskind for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. In
addition, we extend our appreciation to E. Mockford, who confirmed the
identity of L. entornophila and L. decolor, and the Oklahoma
Agricultural Experiment Station for partial support.
NR 26
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U1 1
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PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1377
EP 1382
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700066
PM 19610460
ER
PT J
AU Michel, AP
Zhang, W
Jung, JK
Kang, ST
Mian, MAR
AF Michel, Andrew P.
Zhang, Wei
Jung, Jin Kyo
Kang, Sung-Taeg
Mian, M. A. Rouf
TI Cross-Species Amplification and Polymorphism of Microsatellite Loci in
the Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE soybean aphid; Aphis glycines; microsatellites; cross-species
amplification
ID FABAE SCOPOLI; NULL ALLELES; BLACK APHID
AB We tested the utility of 18 previously characterized Aphis spp. microsatellite loci for polymorphism and differentiation among populations of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines. Loci were chosen from a closely related species (Aphis gossypii) and a more distantly related species (Aphis fabae). We found nine loci to be polymorphic among Korean and North American populations. Overall expected heterozygosity was moderate (average: 0.47; range: 0-1), although populations substantially differed in deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These loci will be valuable in characterizing population differentiation, migration and adaptation in an economically important pest of soybeans.
C1 [Michel, Andrew P.; Zhang, Wei] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Jung, Jin Kyo; Kang, Sung-Taeg] RDA, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Suwon 441857, South Korea.
[Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
RP Michel, AP (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
EM michel.70@osu.edu
RI Michel, Andrew/B-5329-2012
FU OARDC; The Ohio State University; Ohio Soybean Council [08-2-08]
FX We thank D. Ragsdale, Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota,
for collecting and sending the Minnesota soybean aphids; M. Elena and T.
Joobeur at Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center at OARDC for technical
support; and two anonymous reviewers for comments. Funding was provided
through OARDC, The Ohio State University, and the Ohio Soybean Council
Grant OSC 08-2-08.
NR 16
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1389
EP 1392
PG 4
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700068
PM 19610462
ER
PT J
AU Chen, J
AF Chen, J.
TI Automatic System for Continuously Monitoring Digging Volume of Red
Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Laboratory
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE excavated volume; digging dynamics; Solenopsis invicta
ID EXCAVATION
AB In studying the dynamics of ant nest excavation, the nest volume has to be continuously monitored. In many laboratory studies, the excavated substrate, such as sand, was collected, and the volume of excavation was calculated by converting the weight of the collected sand into the volume. The excavated sand can be manually collected and weighed; however, manual collection is tedious, particularly when frequent collections have to be performed for a period of several days. Manual collection may also introduce disturbance to the ants. The volume of excavation can also be monitored using a video system by transferring images into volume data. Unfortunately, it requires sophisticated software customization. A simple automatic system for continuously collecting and weighing the excavated sand is described. This system does not disturb the ants while collecting data and requires no software customization. It can display the digging curves while it is still collecting data.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Chen, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM jian.chen@ars.usda.gov
NR 4
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-0493
J9 J ECON ENTOMOL
JI J. Econ. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 102
IS 3
BP 1393
EP 1395
PG 3
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 453VT
UT WOS:000266641700069
PM 19610463
ER
PT J
AU Foltz, RB
Copeland, NS
Elliot, WJ
AF Foltz, R. B.
Copeland, N. S.
Elliot, W. J.
TI Reopening abandoned forest roads in northern Idaho, USA: Quantification
of runoff, sediment concentration, infiltration, and interrill erosion
parameters
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Saturated hydraulic conductivity; Brushed-in road; Abandoned road;
Erosion; Interrill erodibility
ID RAINFALL SIMULATION; ERODIBILITY; GENERATION; THAILAND; VALIDATION;
PREDICTION; CATCHMENT; MODELS; IMPACT; SOILS
AB This study measured runoff and sediment concentration from the tire track and from the non-tire track to determine infiltration, interrill erodibility, and vegetative cover impacts of reopening an abandoned forest road. Runoff was lowest on the non-track portion of the abandoned road and highest on the reopened road. Sediment concentrations were significantly higher on the reopened road. Increased sediment concentrations were attributed to decreased vegetative cover, rather than traffic-induced changes in the physical soil properties of the reopened road. Thirty years of no traffic and vegetation regrowth was not sufficient to allow recovery of infiltration to values similar to an undisturbed forest. The study also found a significant dynamic behavior in interrill erodibility with respect to antecedent rainfall. Forest road erosion models that fail to account for this change will overestimate sediment yields. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Foltz, R. B.; Copeland, N. S.; Elliot, W. J.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
RP Foltz, RB (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM rfoltz@fs.fed.us
NR 36
TC 24
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 8
BP 2542
EP 2550
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.014
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 463ST
UT WOS:000267453100024
PM 19264387
ER
PT J
AU Jenkins, MB
Endale, DM
Schomberg, HH
Hartel, PG
Cabrera, ML
AF Jenkins, Michael B.
Endale, Dinku M.
Schomberg, Harry H.
Hartel, Peter G.
Cabrera, Miguel L.
TI 17 beta-Estradiol and testosterone in drainage and runoff from poultry
litter applications to tilled and no-till crop land under irrigation
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Conventional-tillage; Drainage; Estradiol; Irrigation; No-till; Runoff;
Testosterone
ID 17 BETA-ESTRADIOL; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; SOUTHERN
PIEDMONT; STEROID-HORMONES; SEX-HORMONES; ESTROGENS; MANURE;
DEGRADATION; ENVIRONMENT
AB Thirteen metric tons of poultry litter are produced annually by poultry producers in the U.S. Poultry litter contains the sex hormones estradiol and testosterone, endocrine disruptors that have been detected in surface waters. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of poultry litter applications on estradiol and testosterone concentrations in subsurface drainage and surface runoff in irrigated crop land under no-till and conventional-till management. We conducted an irrigation study in fall of 2001 and spring of 2002. Four treatments, no-till plus poultry litter, conventional-till plus poultry litter, no-till plus conventional fertilizer, and conventional-till plus conventional fertilizer, were evaluated. Flow-weighted concentration and load ha(-1) of the two hormones were measured in drainage and runoff. Soil concentrations of estradiol and testosterone were measured. Based on comparisons to the conventional fertilizer (and control) treatments, poultry litter did not add to the flow-weighted concentration or load ha-1 of either estradiol or testosterone in subsurface drainage or surface runoff. Significant differences were, however, observed between tillage treatments: flow-weighted concentrations of estradiol were greater for no-till than conventional-till plots of the June irrigation; and runoff loads of both estradiol and testosterone were less from no-till than conventional-till plots for the November irrigation. Although the differences between no-till and conventional-tillage appeared to affect the hydrologic transport of both hormones, the differences appeared to have inconsequential environmental impact. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Jenkins, Michael B.; Endale, Dinku M.; Schomberg, Harry H.] USDA ARS, So Piedmont Conservat Res Unit, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA.
[Hartel, Peter G.; Cabrera, Miguel L.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Jenkins, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Piedmont Conservat Res Unit, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA.
EM michael.jenkins@ars.usda.gov
FU USDA; CSREES National Research Initiative Grant.
FX The authors wish to express their appreciation to Dwight Semens for his
expert statistical analysis, Shaheen Humayoun, Stephen Norris, Robin
Woodroof, William Schl-Itze, and Stephanie Steed for their expert
technical assistance. This study was supported in part by a USDA, CSREES
National Research Initiative Grant.
NR 49
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 8
BP 2659
EP 2664
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.02.003
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 463ST
UT WOS:000267453100037
PM 19269082
ER
PT J
AU Hammer, RB
Stewart, SI
Hawbaker, TJ
Radeloff, VC
AF Hammer, Roger B.
Stewart, Susan I.
Hawbaker, Todd J.
Radeloff, Volker C.
TI Housing growth, forests, and public lands in Northern Wisconsin from
1940 to 2000
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Housing growth; Rural sprawl; Public lands; Forest fragmentation
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; POPULATION-GROWTH; OPEN SPACE; RESIDENTIAL
PREFERENCES; DEMOGRAPHIC-CHANGE; UPPER MIDWEST; MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS;
COVER; ROADS
AB Rural, forested areas throughout the United States are experiencing strong housing growth with potentially detrimental impacts on the environment. In this paper, we quantify housing growth in Northern Wisconsin over the last sixty years to determine if growth rates were higher near public lands, which may represent an important recreational amenity. We used data from the U.S. Census to produce decadal housing density estimates, "backcasts," from 1940 to 2000 for northern Wisconsin to examine "rural sprawl" in northern Wisconsin and its relationship to forested areas and public lands. We integrated housing density estimates with the 1992/1993 National Land Cover Dataset to examine the relationship between rural sprawl and land cover, especially forests. Between 1940 and 2000, private land with <2 housing units/km(2) decreased from 47% to 21% of the total landscape. Most importantly, housing growth was concentrated along the boundaries of public lands. In 14 of the 19 counties that we studied, housing growth rates within 1 km of a public land boundary exceeded growth rates in the remainder of the county, and three of the five counties that did not exhibit this pattern, were the ones with the least amount of public land. Future growth can be expected in areas with abundant natural amenities, highlighting the critical need for additional research and effective natural resource management and regional planning to address these challenges. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Stewart, Susan I.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.
[Hawbaker, Todd J.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI USA.
RP Hammer, RB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, 312 Fairbanks Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM rhammer@oregonstate.edu
RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016
OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X
NR 69
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 8
BP 2690
EP 2698
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.02.012
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 463ST
UT WOS:000267453100041
PM 19329243
ER
PT J
AU Wilske, B
Lu, N
Wei, L
Chen, SP
Zha, TG
Liu, CF
Xu, WT
Noormets, A
Huang, JH
Wei, YF
Chen, J
Zhang, ZQ
Ni, J
Sun, G
Guo, K
McNulty, S
John, R
Han, XG
Lin, GH
Chen, JQ
AF Wilske, Burkhard
Lu, Nan
Wei, Long
Chen, Shiping
Zha, Tonggang
Liu, Chenfeng
Xu, Wenting
Noormets, Asko
Huang, Jianhui
Wei, Yafen
Chen, Jun
Zhang, Zhiqiang
Ni, Jian
Sun, Ge
Guo, Kirk
McNulty, Steve
John, Ranjeet
Han, Xingguo
Lin, Guanghui
Chen, Jiquan
TI Poplar plantation has the potential to alter the water balance in
semiarid Inner Mongolia
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Semiarid; Evapotranspiration; Poplar plantation; Water balance
ID COLORADO RIVER; SAP FLOW; POPULUS-FREMONTII; CHINA; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION;
COTTONWOOD; GROWTH; FOREST; TREES; TRANSPIRATION
AB Poplar plantation is the most dominant broadleaf forest type in northern China. Since the mid-1990s plantation was intensified to combat desertification along China's northwestern border, i.e., within Inner Mongolia (IM). This evoked much concern regarding the ecological and environmental effects on areas that naturally grow grass or shrub vegetation. To highlight potential consequences of large-scale poplar plantations on the water budget within semiarid IM, we compared the growing season water balance (evapotranspiration (ET) and precipitation (PPT)) of a 3-yr old poplar plantation (Kp(3)) and a natural shrubland (Ks) in the Kubuqi Desert in western IM, and a 6-yr old poplar plantation (Bp(6)) growing under sub-humid climate near Beijing. The results showed that, despite 33% lower PPT at Kp(3), ET was 2% higher at Kp(3) (228 mm) as compared with Ks (223 mm) in May-September 2006. The difference derived mainly from higher ET at the plantation during drier periods of the growing season, which also indicated that the poplars must have partly transpired groundwater. Estimated growing season ET at Bp(6) was about 550 mm and more than 100% higher than at Kp(3). It is estimated that increases in leaf area index and net radiation at Kp(3) provide future potential for the poplars in Kubuqi to exceed the present ET and ET of the natural shrubland by 100-200%. These increases in ET are only possible through the permanent use of groundwater either directly by the trees or through increased irrigation. This may significantly change the water balance in the area (e.g., high ET at the cost of a reduction in the water table), which renders large-scale plantations a questionable tool in sustainable arid-land management. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wilske, Burkhard; Lu, Nan; John, Ranjeet; Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Wei, Long; Chen, Shiping; Xu, Wenting; Huang, Jianhui; Wei, Yafen; Ni, Jian; Guo, Kirk; Han, Xingguo; Lin, Guanghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Key State Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China.
[Wei, Long; Wei, Yafen] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Zha, Tonggang; Liu, Chenfeng; Chen, Jun; Zhang, Zhiqiang] Beijing Forestry Univ, Water & Soil Conservat Coll, Key Lab Soil & Water Conservat & Desertificat Com, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Noormets, Asko; Sun, Ge; McNulty, Steve] US Forest Serv, So Global Climate Change Program, USDA, So Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
[Ni, Jian] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
RP Wilske, B (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Mail Stop 604, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
EM Burkhard.Wilske@utoledo.edu; ghlin@ibcas.ac.cn
RI Noormets, Asko/A-7257-2009; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Han,
Xingguo/B-3980-2012; Ni, Jian/I-7067-2012; John, Ranjeet/J-2082-2015;
Han, Xingguo/K-7552-2016
OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111; Ni, Jian/0000-0001-5411-7050; John,
Ranjeet/0000-0002-0150-8450; Han, Xingguo/0000-0002-1836-975X
FU Northern Eurasia Earth Science Program (NEESPI); National Aeronautics
and Space Administration (NASA) [NN-H-04-Z-YS-005-N]; Chinese Academy of
Sciences [KSCX2-SW-127]; Institute of Botany; US-China Carbon Consortium
(USCCC)
FX The study was conducted as part of the Northern Eurasia Earth Science
Program (NEESPI) and supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) Grant (NEWS 2004 NRA: NN-H-04-Z-YS-005-N) of the
Land-Cover/Land-Use Program, a -100 Talents" Project to GH Lin and a
Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
(KSCX2-SW-127), financial support for the two eddy towers in Kubuqi from
the Institute of Botany, CAS, and the US-China Carbon Consortium
(USCCC), which promotes collaborative research among institutions in the
US and China.
NR 42
TC 29
Z9 33
U1 5
U2 37
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 8
BP 2762
EP 2770
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.03.004
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 463ST
UT WOS:000267453100049
PM 19375215
ER
PT J
AU Foltz, JR
Plant, KP
Overturf, K
Clemens, K
Powell, MS
AF Foltz, J. R.
Plant, K. P.
Overturf, K.
Clemens, K.
Powell, M. S.
TI Detection of Nucleospora salmonis in steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus
mykiss (Walbaum), using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Nucleospora salmonis; quantitative PCR; steelhead trout
ID CHINOOK SALMON; INTRANUCLEAR MICROSPORIDIUM; RAINBOW-TROUT; TSHAWYTSCHA;
PCR; INFECTIONS; LEUKEMIA; HEDRICK; DNA
C1 [Foltz, J. R.; Plant, K. P.; Powell, M. S.] Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID USA.
[Overturf, K.] ARS, USDA, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID USA.
[Clemens, K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fish Hlth Ctr, Orofino, ID USA.
RP Powell, MS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, 3059F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID USA.
EM mpowell@uidaho.edu
RI Powell, Madison/H-7050-2014
OI Powell, Madison/0000-0002-1851-3168
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Science Foundation EPSCoR
[0447689]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge Brian Kenworthy and the Hagerman
National Fish Hatchery for their assistance in sample collection. This
work was accomplished with support from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service and by a National Science Foundation EPSCoR grant (#0447689) to
MSP.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0140-7775
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 6
BP 551
EP 555
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.00995.x
PG 5
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 448DL
UT WOS:000266243200008
PM 19538644
ER
PT J
AU Li, BZ
Wang, LJ
Li, D
Bhandari, B
Li, SJ
Lan, YB
Chen, XD
Mao, ZH
AF Li, Bing-Zheng
Wang, Li-Jun
Li, Dong
Bhandari, Bhesh
Li, Shu-Jun
Lan, Yubin
Chen, Xiao Dong
Mao, Zhi-Huai
TI Fabrication of starch-based microparticles by an
emulsification-crosslinking method
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Starch-based microparticle; Water-in-water emulsification; Crosslinking;
Plackett-Burman; Particle size
ID IN-VITRO; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; SCREENING DESIGN; DROPLET SIZE;
MICROSPHERES; MICROENCAPSULATION; MALTODEXTRIN; DELIVERY; CARRIERS;
TAPIOCA
AB In this study, starch-based microparticles (MPs) fabricated by a water-in-water (w/w) emulsification-crosslinking method could be used as a controlled release delivery vehicle for food bioactives. Due to the processing route without the use of toxic organic solvents, it is expected that these microparticles can be used as delivery vehicles for controlled release of food bioactives. Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch was used as raw material. Optical microscopy showed OSA starch-based microparticles (OSA-MPs) had a good dispersibility. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed OSA-MPs had a solid structure and spherical shape. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that OSA-MPs were of amorphous structure. A Plackett-Burman screening design methodology was employed to evaluate the effects of the process and formulation parameters on the particle size of OSA-MPs. Considering the statistical analysis of the results, it appeared that the OSA starch concentration (P = 0.0146), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecular weight (P = 0.0155), volume ratio of dispersed phase/continuous phase (P = 0.0204) and PEG concentration (P = 0.0230) had significant effect on particle size. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Bing-Zheng; Li, Dong; Chen, Xiao Dong; Mao, Zhi-Huai] China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Li-Jun] China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Bhandari, Bhesh] Univ Queensland, Sch Land & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
[Li, Shu-Jun] Chinese Acad Agr Mechanizat Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Lan, Yubin] USDA ARS SPARC APMRU, College Stn, TX USA.
[Chen, Xiao Dong] Monash Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
RP Li, D (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, 17 Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM dongli@cau.edu.cn; lisj@caams.org.cn
RI Bhandari, Bhesh/B-7043-2012
OI Bhandari, Bhesh/0000-0001-8800-6295
FU Science and Technology Support Project of China [2006BAD05A0401,
2006BAD11A0902]; Science and Technology Research Key Project of Chinese
Ministry of Education [105014]; High Technology Research and Development
Project of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2006AA10256-02];
Research and Development Fund for University's Doctoral Discipline of
the Chinese Ministry of Education [20050019029]
FX Research support was provided by the Science and Technology Support
Project of China (Nos. 2006BAD05A0401 and 2006BAD11A0902), the Science
and Technology Research Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education
(No. 105014), the High Technology Research and Development Project of
Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (No. 2006AA10256-02), and the
Research and Development Fund for University's Doctoral Discipline of
the Chinese Ministry of Education (No. 20050019029). The authors thank
Zhi-Xiong Jin of National Starch and Chemical (Shanghai) Ltd., for
kindly donating CAPSUL.
NR 31
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0260-8774
J9 J FOOD ENG
JI J. Food Eng.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 3
BP 250
EP 254
DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2008.08.011
PG 5
WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology
GA 422YD
UT WOS:000264462700002
ER
PT J
AU Kalchayanand, N
Brichta-Harhay, DM
Arthur, TM
Bosilevac, JM
Guerini, MN
Wheeler, TL
Shackelford, SD
Koohmaraie, M
AF Kalchayanand, Norasak
Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.
Arthur, Terrance M.
Bosilevac, Joseph M.
Guerini, Michael N.
Wheeler, Tommy L.
Shackelford, Steven D.
Koohmaraie, Mohammad
TI Prevalence Rates of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella at Different
Sampling Sites on Cattle Hides at a Feedlot and Processing Plant
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROBIC-BACTERIA; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION; ORAL-CAVITY; BEEF-CATTLE;
O157-H7; CARCASSES; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; FECES; SURFACES
AB The prevalence rates of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella at different sampling sites on cattle hides were determined at a feedlot and a processing plant. Sponge samples were collected from six hide surface sites at the feedlot (left and right shoulders, left and right ribs, back, and belly) and four sites at the processing plant (left and right shoulders, back, and belly). The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 was approximately 80% for left and right shoulder and rib samples, 68% for back samples, and 92% for belly samples collected at the feedlot. At the processing plant, the prevalences of E. coli O157:H7 at all four sites were between 76 and 79%. Salmonella prevalence in feedlot samples was too low to allow for accurate analysis. The prevalence of Salmonella at processing was 49% for left shoulder samples, 49% for right shoulder samples, 40% for back samples, and 68% for belly samples. The results of this study indicate that the site most likely to be naturally contaminated with E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella simultaneously was the belly.
C1 [Kalchayanand, Norasak; Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.; Arthur, Terrance M.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Guerini, Michael N.; Wheeler, Tommy L.; Shackelford, Steven D.; Koohmaraie, Mohammad] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
RP Kalchayanand, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
EM norasak.kalchayanand@ars.usda.gov
RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013
NR 19
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 72
IS 6
BP 1267
EP 1271
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 457TJ
UT WOS:000266956000014
PM 19610338
ER
PT J
AU Bosilevac, JM
Arthur, TM
Bono, JL
Brichta-Harhay, DM
Kalchayanand, N
King, DA
Shackelford, SD
Wheeler, TL
Koohmaraie, M
AF Bosilevac, Joseph M.
Arthur, Terrance M.
Bono, James L.
Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.
Kalchayanand, Norasak
King, David A.
Shackelford, Steve D.
Wheeler, Tommy L.
Koohmaraie, Mohammad
TI Prevalence and Enumeration of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in
US Abattoirs that Process Fewer than 1,000 Head of Cattle per Day
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-GROUND BEEF; DIRECT PLATING METHODS; O157-H7; SLAUGHTER; CARCASSES;
PLANTS; HIDES; CONTAMINATION; INTERVENTIONS; DECONTAMINATION
AB A significant portion (15 to 20%) of beef in the United States is produced in small beef processing plants that harvest fewer than 1,000 cattle per day. However, there are little data on the prevalence and levels of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in these processing plants. To address this lack of data, hides (n = 1,995) and carcasses (it = 1,995) of cattle at seven small processing plants located across the United States were analyzed for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. Across all plants, hide prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella was 71 and 91%, respectively. Twelve percent of hides had E. coli O157:H7 at enumerable levels (>= 40 CFU/100 cm(2)), while 36% of hides had Salmonella at enumerable levels. Across all plants, the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 on preevisceration carcasses was 33%, with 2% at an enumerable level (>= 0.8 CFU/100 cm(2)). Across all plants, Salmonella prevalence on preevisceration carcasses was 58%, with 8% at an enumerable level. Significant plant-to-plant variations in levels and prevalence of pathogens on carcasses were detected. Reduced levels of pathogens on carcasses were noted among small processors that had incorporated a hide-directed intervention. The results obtained are comparable to those observed previously for larger processors, showing that smaller beef processors face and address the same challenges as do larger beef processors.
C1 [Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Arthur, Terrance M.; Bono, James L.; Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.; Kalchayanand, Norasak; King, David A.; Shackelford, Steve D.; Wheeler, Tommy L.; Koohmaraie, Mohammad] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
RP Bosilevac, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
EM mick.bosilevac@ars.usda.gov
RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013
FU Beef Checkoff
FX We thank the participating beef processors. Scientific analysis and
support was supplied by Dr. Michael Guerini. Technical Support was
supplied by Greg Smith, Bruce Jasch, Frank Reno, Julie Dyer, and Casey
Trambly. Secretarial support was supplied by Debbie Kummer. This project
was funded, in part, by the Beef Checkoff.
NR 18
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 2
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 72
IS 6
BP 1272
EP 1278
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 457TJ
UT WOS:000266956000015
PM 19610339
ER
PT J
AU Cox, NA
Richardson, LJ
Berrang, ME
Fedorka-Cray, PJ
Buhr, RJ
AF Cox, N. A.
Richardson, L. J.
Berrang, M. E.
Fedorka-Cray, P. J.
Buhr, R. J.
TI Campylobacter coli Naturally Resistant to Elevated Levels of Gentamicin
as a Marker Strain in Poultry Research
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; BROILER-CHICKENS;
COMMERCIAL BROILERS; SALMONELLA SEROVARS; ECOMETRIC TECHNIQUE;
UNITED-STATES; BREEDER HENS; FOOD SAFETY; JEJUNI
AB Campylobacter inoculation studies are limited without a suitable marker strain. The purpose of this study was to screen Campylobacter strains (n = 2,073) obtained from poultry carcass rinses through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Antimicrobial Resistant Monitoring System for resistance to gentamicin and evaluate one strain's efficacy as a marker. A C. coli strain was found resistant to gentamicin at >32 mu g/ml. Gentamicin was incorporated into media (Campy-Cefex agar, Brucella agar, and blood agar) from 0 to 1,000 mu g/ml, and the upper level of gentamicin resistance was determined. C. coli strain's upper level of growth on Campy-Cefex plates, blood agar plates, and Brucella agar plates was 400, 300, and 200 mu g/ml, respectively. Ceca and postpick carcass rinses were obtained and streaked onto Campy-Cefex agar at the above gentamicin levels to evaluate background microflora exclusion. Campy-Cefex agar containing gentamicin at 100 mu g/ml prevented from the ceca, and reduced from the rinse, background microflora. The C. coli strain was orally or intracloacally inoculated into chicks. At 1, 3, and 6 weeks of age, inoculated broilers were removed and several tissue types sampled for the presence of the marker strain. At 6 weeks of age, 10 additional noninoculated penmates were sampled. The C. coli strain colonized chicks, disseminated to body tissues, colonized penmates, and persisted throughout the 6-week grow-out. The C. coli strain's unique characteristic, being resistant to high levels of gentamicin, allows for a marker that can be used in a wide range of Campylobacter research projects.
C1 [Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.; Buhr, R. J.] USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Berrang, M. E.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Cox, NA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM nelson.cox@ars.usda.gov
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 72
IS 6
BP 1288
EP 1292
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 457TJ
UT WOS:000266956000018
PM 19610342
ER
PT J
AU Friedman, M
Levin, CE
Choi, SH
Lee, SU
Kozukue, N
AF Friedman, Mendel
Levin, Carol E.
Choi, Suk-Hyun
Lee, Seung-Un
Kozukue, Nobuyuki
TI Changes in the Composition of Raw Tea Leaves from the Korean Yabukida
Plant during High-Temperature Processing to Pan-Fried Kamairi-Cha Green
Tea
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE catechin; Kamairi-cha; pan-fried; tea; theanine
ID COOKED GROUND-BEEF; L-THEANINE; BLACK TEA; CATECHINS; EXTRACTS;
THEAFLAVINS; ACRYLAMIDE; CARCINOGENESIS; ODORANTS; CAFFEINE
AB To develop a better understanding of compositional changes occurring during the production of commercial teas, we determined by high-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) changes in ingredient levels during each of several manufacturing steps used to produce Kamairi-cha, a premium green tea. Kamairi-cha uses pan-frying instead of the usual blanching technique to inactivate the enzymes responsible for producing traditional black tea. The resulting tea lacks the characteristic bitterness of green tea, producing a green tea that is described as sweet tasting. The processing steps used to produce this pan-fried tea were as follows: 1st roasting, 1st rolling, 2nd roasting, 2nd rolling, 1st firing, and 2nd firing. The results show that during production at temperatures up to 300 degrees C, raw leaves lost ( in percent) 97.3 water, 94 two chlorophylls, 14.3 seven catechins, and 2.75 caffeine. A separate analysis showed that the final product contained 21.67 mg/g dry wt of the biologically active amino acid theanine. The results of this 1st report on changes in individual catechins and other tea ingredients in tea leaves during pan-frying make it possible to select production conditions that maximize levels of beneficial tea ingredients. The possible significance of the results for the human diet is discussed.
C1 [Friedman, Mendel; Levin, Carol E.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
[Choi, Suk-Hyun] Seowon Univ, Dept Food Serv Ind, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
[Lee, Seung-Un; Kozukue, Nobuyuki] Uiduk Univ, Dept Food Serv Ind, Gyeongju, Gyongbuk, South Korea.
RP Friedman, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov
OI Levin, Carol/0000-0001-6522-6156; Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 4
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD JUN-JUL
PY 2009
VL 74
IS 5
BP C406
EP C412
DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01185.x
PG 7
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 447GK
UT WOS:000266179400013
PM 19646035
ER
PT J
AU Toma, A
Omary, MB
Marquart, LF
Arndt, EA
Rosentrater, KA
Burns-Whitmore, B
Kessler, L
Hwan, K
Sandoval, A
Sung, A
AF Toma, A.
Omary, M. B.
Marquart, L. F.
Arndt, E. A.
Rosentrater, K. A.
Burns-Whitmore, B.
Kessler, L.
Hwan, K.
Sandoval, A.
Sung, A.
TI Children's Acceptance, Nutritional, and Instrumental Evaluations of
Whole Grain and Soluble Fiber Enriched Foods
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE children; plate waste; school lunch; soluble fiber; whole grain
ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY FIBER; BARLEY FLOUR; BREAKFAST CEREALS;
PLATE WASTE; SCHOOL; RISK; MEN; CONSUMPTION; QUALITY
AB The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005 report recommends 3 or more daily ounce-equivalents of whole grains (WG), and the FDA suggests consumption of 25 g of total dietary fiber (TDF) and 6 g of soluble fiber (SF) for a 2000-calorie diet. Efforts to increase the consumption of WG and SF among elementary school-aged children are needed. The objectives of this study were to examine the consumption of WG-and SF-enriched burritos and cookies among elementary school-aged children and to perform a quality evaluation of all products. Children in grades K to 6 from a local elementary school consumed control (CTR) products made with refined flour along with the test products (TRT) over a 13-wk period. TRT burritos and cookies contained 51% and 100% WG, respectively. CTR and TRT products were served on 3 and 4 different Fridays, respectively. Children's consumption was determined via plate waste. Quality parameters such as texture, color, water activity, weight, and product dimensions were also measured. No significant differences in consumption between CTR and TRT burritos and cookies were found (36% and 90%, respectively). Texture (area) was higher for CTR burritos compared with TRT burritos (1.31 and 0.66 kg-s, respectively). CTR burritos were lighter than TRT burritos with L* values of 80.04 and 64.61, respectively. CTR cookies required a higher breaking force (3.14 compared with 0.58 kg), were lighter than TRT cookies (63.18 compared with 50.27), and had lower water activity (0.5 compared with 0.71).
C1 [Toma, A.; Omary, M. B.; Burns-Whitmore, B.; Kessler, L.; Hwan, K.; Sandoval, A.; Sung, A.] Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pomona, CA 91768 USA.
[Marquart, L. F.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Arndt, E. A.] ConAgra Foods Inc, Omaha, NE 68102 USA.
[Rosentrater, K. A.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
RP Omary, MB (reprint author), Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 USA.
EM mboteroomary@csupomona.edu
OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037
FU Agriculture Research Initiative; ConAgra Foods Inc.
FX The authors would like to extend their appreciation to the Agriculture
Research Initiative and ConAgra Foods Inc., for funds provided to
support this project; to the staff from the Pomona Unified School
District for their support, especially Heather Sloan (PUSD
Nutritionist), Jane Stallings (PUSD Nutrition Services Director), and
Patricia Savage (Principal at Neil Armstrong Elementary School); Sue
Winner, Corrine McKinney, and Anthony Saucedo; to Wallace Yokoyama and
Liomeng Lee for the beta-glucan analysis; and to Broc Sandelin for his
assistance with the experimental design.
NR 44
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD JUN-JUL
PY 2009
VL 74
IS 5
BP H139
EP H146
DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01165.x
PG 8
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 447GK
UT WOS:000266179400034
PM 19646047
ER
PT J
AU Azeredo, HMC
Mattoso, LHC
Wood, D
Williams, TG
Avena-Bustillos, RJ
McHugh, TH
AF Azeredo, Henriette M. C.
Mattoso, Luiz Henrique C.
Wood, Delilah
Williams, Tina G.
Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J.
McHugh, Tara H.
TI Nanocomposite Edible Films from Mango Puree Reinforced with Cellulose
Nanofibers
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE edible film; food packaging; mechanical properties; nanofibers;
nanotechnology
ID WATER-VAPOR PERMEABILITY; PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; MICROCRYSTALLINE
CELLULOSE; PLASTICIZED STARCH; ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES;
ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; BARRIER PROPERTIES; COMPOSITE FILMS; WHISKERS;
BIOCOMPOSITES
AB Cellulose nanoreinforcements have been used to improve mechanical and barrier properties of biopolymers, whose performance is usually poor when compared to those of synthetic polymers. Nanocomposite edible films have been developed by adding cellulose nanofibers (CNF) in different concentrations (up to 36 g/100 g) as nanoreinforcement to mango puree based edible films. The effect of CNF was studied in terms of tensile properties, water vapor permeability, and glass transition temperature (T(g)) of the nanocomposite films. CNF were effective in increasing tensile strength, and its effect on Young's modulus was even more noticeable, especially at higher concentrations, suggesting the formation of a fibrillar network within the matrix. The addition of CNF was also effective to improve water vapor barrier of the films. Its influence on T(g) was small but significant. The study demonstrated that the properties of mango puree edible films can be significantly improved through CNF reinforcement.
C1 [Azeredo, Henriette M. C.] EMBRAPA Trop Agroind, BR-60511110 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
[Mattoso, Luiz Henrique C.] EMBRAPA Agr Instrumentat, LNNA, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
[Wood, Delilah; Williams, Tina G.; Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J.; McHugh, Tara H.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
[Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Azeredo, HMC (reprint author), EMBRAPA Trop Agroind, R Dra Sara Mesquita 2270, BR-60511110 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
EM ette@cnpat.embrapa.br
RI Frutos tropicais, Inct/J-8212-2013; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016;
OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014; Azeredo,
Henriette/0000-0002-9295-4682
FU CNPq; FINEP; ARS/Embrapa-Labex program; EMBRAPA
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support given by CNPq,
FINEP, and ARS/Embrapa-Labex program. They would like also to extend
their most sincere appreciation to Peter H. Cooke Agricultural Research
Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, Pa., U.S.A.), for
his helpful assistance in the image analyses, as well to FMC, for having
provided several samples of cellulose nanofibers for the experiment. The
1st author thanks EMBRAPA for the scholarship provided, and the
Processed Food Research unit of the USDA for their support to this
study.
NR 54
TC 66
Z9 72
U1 4
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD JUN-JUL
PY 2009
VL 74
IS 5
BP N31
EP N35
DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01186.x
PG 5
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 447GK
UT WOS:000266179400030
PM 19646052
ER
PT J
AU Abt, KL
Prestemon, JP
Gebert, KM
AF Abt, Karen L.
Prestemon, Jeffrey P.
Gebert, Krista M.
TI Wildfire Suppression Cost Forecasts for the US Forest Service
SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE expenditures; budget; wildland fire management
ID UNITED-STATES; FIRE; VARIABILITY; CLIMATE; AREA
AB The US Forest Service and other land-management agencies seek better tools for anticipating future expenditures for wildfire suppression. We developed regression models for forecasting US Forest Service suppression spending at 1-, 2-, and 3-year lead times. We compared these models to another readily available forecast model, the 10-year moving average model, and found that the regression models do a better job of forecasting the expenditures for all three time horizons. When evaluated against the historical data, our models were particularly better at forecasting the more recent years (2000-2007) than the less sophisticated models. The regression models also allowed us to generate, using simulation methods, forecast statistics such as the means, medians, and confidence intervals of costs. These additional statistics provide policymakers, wildfire managers, and planners more information than a single forecast value.
C1 [Abt, Karen L.; Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Gebert, Krista M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
RP Abt, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM kabt@fs.fed.us; jprestemon@fs.fed.us; kgebert@fs.fed.us
NR 28
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 9
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1201
J9 J FOREST
JI J. For.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 107
IS 4
BP 173
EP 178
PG 6
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 458QA
UT WOS:000267037400003
ER
PT J
AU McRoberts, RE
Tomppo, E
Schadauer, K
Vidal, C
Stahl, G
Chirici, G
Lanz, A
Cienciala, E
Winter, S
Smith, WB
AF McRoberts, Ronald E.
Tomppo, Erkki
Schadauer, Klemens
Vidal, Claude
Stahl, Goran
Chirici, Gherardo
Lanz, Adrian
Cienciala, Emil
Winter, Susanne
Smith, W. Brad
TI Harmonizing National Forest Inventories
SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon; COST Action E43; definitions; European Union; forest
biodiversity; North American Forest Commission
ID STRUCTURAL DIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES; CARBON
AB National forest inventories are a primary source of data for national and large area assessments of sustainability and biodiversity and for international forest resource reporting. However, the ability of countries to produce compatible estimates using these data is impeded by the diversity of their national inventory definitions, sampling designs, plot configurations, measured variables, and measurement protocols. In addition, because the differing features of these inventories have historical, commercial, and environmental justification, prospects for standardizing inventories are minimal. The best current alternative is to harmonize estimates, a process that focuses on developing methods for producing compatibility despite the different inventory features. Action E43 (COST E43, 2008, Harmonization of national forest inventories in Europe: Techniques for common reporting, Available at online at www.metla.fi/eu/cost/e43/index.html; last accessed May 2008) of the European program, Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (COST), has focused on developing harmonization methods for European inventories in three areas: harmonized definitions, harmonized estimation procedures for carbon pools, and harmonized indicators for biodiversity assessments. The Forest Inventory and Analysis program of the US Forest Service has participated in COST Action E43 and has provided data for testing proposed harmonization methods. Although considerable progress has been made in developing methods to facilitate harmonization, considerable work still remains.
C1 [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Tomppo, Erkki] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Vantaa, Finland.
[Schadauer, Klemens] Res & Training Ctr Forests Nat Hazards & Landscap, Vienna, Austria.
[Vidal, Claude] French Natl Forest Inventory, Nogent Sur Vernisson, France.
[Stahl, Goran] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
[Chirici, Gherardo] Univ Molise, Isernia, Italy.
[Lanz, Adrian] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, Inventory Design & Sampling Strategies Res Grp, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Cienciala, Emil] IFER Ltd, Jilove, Czech Republic.
[Winter, Susanne] Tech Univ Munich, D-8000 Munich, Germany.
[Smith, W. Brad] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM rmcroberts@fs.fed.us; erkki-tomppo@metla.fi;
klemens.schadauer@bfw.gv.at; cvidal@ifn.fr; goran.stahl@srh.slu.se;
gherardo.chirici@unimol.it; adrian.lanz@wsl.ch; cienciala@ifer.cz;
winter@wzw.tum.de; bsmith12@fs.fed.us
RI Cienciala, Emil/F-1873-2011; Chirici, Gherardo/E-6364-2010
OI Cienciala, Emil/0000-0002-1254-4254; Chirici,
Gherardo/0000-0002-0669-5726
NR 30
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 6
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1201
EI 1938-3746
J9 J FOREST
JI J. For.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 107
IS 4
BP 179
EP 187
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 458QA
UT WOS:000267037400004
ER
PT J
AU Kline, JD
Mazzotta, MJ
Patterson, TM
AF Kline, Jeffrey D.
Mazzotta, Marisa J.
Patterson, Trista M.
TI Toward a Rational Exuberance for Ecosystem Services Markets
SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE land-use change; ecosystem protection; open space preservation; forest
amenities
ID OPEN SPACE; GOODS
AB Ecosystem services markets have become a popular topic among environmental policymakers and ecosystem protection advocates. Their proponents view markets as a promising new way to finance conservation of threatened ecosystems worldwide at a time when the need for additional protection seems especially critical. Their advocates in forestry promise that such markets will soon offer new financial opportunities to forest landowners to augment or even replace income from the sale of timber, thereby increasing financial incentives for landowners to retain land in forests. But what is the real promise in ecosystem services markets and what can realistically be achieved by their implementation? We provide an overview of how environmental markets work in theory and discuss several issues that influence how effective they can be. We conclude that the promise of ecosystem services markets greatly depends on the particular circumstances of program implementation, including what services are to be traded and whether they are amenable to trading, the ability to enact and enforce regulation sufficient to induce trading, and how expected program results compare with those likely to arise from other conservation policy approaches.
C1 [Kline, Jeffrey D.; Patterson, Trista M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Mazzotta, Marisa J.] MJ Mazzotta Ltd, Charleston, RI 02813 USA.
RP Kline, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM jkline@fs.fed.us; Marisa@mjmazzotta.com; impatterson@fs.fed.us
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 12
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1201
J9 J FOREST
JI J. For.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 107
IS 4
BP 204
EP 212
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 458QA
UT WOS:000267037400007
ER
PT J
AU Langendoen, EJ
Wells, RR
Thomas, RE
Simon, A
Bingner, RL
AF Langendoen, Eddy J.
Wells, Robert R.
Thomas, Robert E.
Simon, Andrew
Bingner, Ronald L.
TI Modeling the Evolution of Incised Streams. III: Model Application
SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FORMULATION
AB Incision and the ensuing widening of alluvial stream channels represent important forms of channel adjustment. Two accompanying papers have presented a robust computational model for simulating the long-term evolution of incised and restored or rehabilitated stream corridors. This work reports on applications of the model to two incised streams in northern Mississippi, James Creek, and the Yalobusha River, to assess: (1) its capability to simulate the temporal progression of incised streams through the different stages of channel evolution; and (2) model performance when available input data regarding channel geometry and physical properties of channel boundary materials are limited (in the case of James Creek). Model results show that temporal changes in channel geometry are satisfactorily simulated. The mean absolute deviation (MAD) between observed and simulated changes in thalweg elevations is 0.16 m for the Yalobusha River and 0.57 m for James Creek, which is approximately 8.1 and 23% of the average degradation of the respective streams. The MAD between observed and simulated changes in channel top width is 5.7% of the channel top width along the Yalobusha River and 31% of the channel top width along James Creek. The larger discrepancies for James Creek are mainly due to unknown initial channel geometry along its upper part. The model applications also emphasize the importance of accurate characterization of channel boundary materials and geometry.
C1 [Langendoen, Eddy J.; Wells, Robert R.; Simon, Andrew; Bingner, Ronald L.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
[Thomas, Robert E.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Civil Engn, University, MS 38677 USA.
RP Langendoen, EJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
EM eddy.langendoen@ars.usda.gov
OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989
FU U. S. Army Corps of Engineers; ARS [6408-13000010-08R,
640813000-012-15R]; Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality
[58-6408-2-0029]; [00-OA-6408-008]
FX Funds for the Yalobusha River work were provided by the U. S. Army Corps
of Engineers, Vicksburg District under Reimbursable Agreement No.
00-OA-6408-008 (ARS Project No. 6408-13000010-08R). Funds for the James
Creek study were provided by the Mississippi Department of Environmental
Quality under Reimbursable Agreement No. 58-6408-2-0029) ARS Project No.
640813000-012-15R). The writers would like to thank Brian Bell, Bret
Bledsoe, David Biedenharn, Bernard Booth, Kari Christman, Charlie
Dawson, Micah Fendiesen, Mark Griffith, Jasper Hardison, Lisa Hubbard,
Igor Jaromillo, Nick Jokay, Lauren Klimetz, Tony Layzell, Rob Neely,
Keith Parker, Tony Rohs, and Geoff Waite for assisting with fieldwork.
They would also like to thank Kim Caviness, Vance Justice, Fred Theurer,
and Yong-Ping Yuan for conducting and assisting with the AnnAGNPS
simulations, respectively. Finally, we would like to thank Chester
Watson and the NRCS Monroe County District for making data available.
NR 24
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 7
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9429
J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE
JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 135
IS 6
BP 476
EP 486
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000029
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 447QN
UT WOS:000266206500005
ER
PT J
AU Hain, CR
Mecikalski, JR
Anderson, MC
AF Hain, Christopher R.
Mecikalski, John R.
Anderson, Martha C.
TI Retrieval of an Available Water-Based Soil Moisture Proxy from Thermal
Infrared Remote Sensing. Part I: Methodology and Validation
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-COVER DATA; ENERGY-BALANCE; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; ESTIMATING
EVAPORATION; VEGETATION COVER; SATELLITE DATA; LAYER MODEL; ETA-MODEL;
HEAT-FLUX; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
AB A retrieval of available water fraction (f(AW)) is proposed using surface flux estimates from satellite-based thermal infrared (TIR) imagery and the Atmosphere-Land Exchange Inversion (ALEXI) model. Available water serves as a proxy for soil moisture conditions, where f(AW) can be converted to volumetric soil moisture through two soil texture dependents parameters-field capacity and permanent wilting point. The ability of ALEXI to provide valuable information about the partitioning of the surface energy budget, which can be largely dictated by soil moisture conditions, accommodates the retrieval of an average f(AW) over the surface to the rooting depth of the active vegetation. For this method, the fraction of actual to potential evapotranspiration (f(PET)) is computed from an ALEXI estimate of latent heat flux and potential evapotranspiration (PET). The ALEXI-estimated f(PET) can be related to f(AW) in the soil profile. Four unique f(PET) to f(AW) relationships are proposed and validated against Oklahoma Mesonet soil moisture observations within a series of composite periods during the warm seasons of 2002-04. Using the validation results, the most representative of the four relationships is chosen and shown to produce reasonable (mean absolute errors values less than 20%) f(AW) estimates when compared to Oklahoma Mesonet observations. Quantitative comparisons between ALEXI and modeled f(AW) estimates from the Eta Data Assimilation System (EDAS) are also performed to assess the possible advantages of using ALEXI soil moisture estimates within numerical weather predication (NWP) simulations. This TIR retrieval technique is advantageous over microwave techniques because of the ability to indirectly sense f(AW)-and hence soil moisture conditions extending into the root-zone layer. Retrievals are also possible over dense vegetation cover and are available on spatial resolutions on the order of the native TIR imagery. A notable disadvantage is the inability to retrieve f(AW) conditions through cloud cover.
C1 [Hain, Christopher R.] Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Anderson, Martha C.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA.
RP Hain, CR (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Dept Atmospher Sci, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
EM hain@nsstc.uah.edu
RI Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015
OI Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816; Anderson,
Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525
NR 59
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 3
BP 665
EP 683
DI 10.1175/2008JHM1024.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 463HB
UT WOS:000267420900005
ER
PT J
AU Ryu, D
Crow, WT
Zhan, XW
Jackson, TJ
AF Ryu, Dongryeol
Crow, Wade T.
Zhan, Xiwu
Jackson, Thomas J.
TI Correcting Unintended Perturbation Biases in Hydrologic Data
Assimilation
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND DATA ASSIMILATION; SOIL-MOISTURE; MODEL; WATER; EVAPORATION;
SYSTEM; FIELD
AB Hydrologic data assimilation has become an important tool for improving hydrologic model predictions by using observations from ground, aircraft, and satellite sensors. Among existing data assimilation methods, the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) provides a robust framework for optimally updating nonlinear model predictions using observations. In the EnKF, background prediction uncertainty is obtained using a Monte Carlo approach where state variables, parameters, and forcing data for the model are synthetically perturbed to explicitly simulate the error-prone representation of hydrologic processes in the model. However, it is shown here that, owing to the nonlinear nature of these processes, an ensemble of model forecasts perturbed by mean-zero Gaussian noise can produce biased background predictions. This ensemble perturbation bias in soil moisture states can lead to significant mass balance errors and degrade the performance of the EnKF analysis in deeper soil layers. Here, a simple method of bias correction is introduced in which such perturbation bias is corrected using an unperturbed model simulation run in parallel with the EnKF analysis. The proposed bias-correction scheme effectively removes biases in soil moisture and reduces soil water mass balance errors. The performance of the EnKF is improved in deeper layers when the filter is applied with the bias-correction scheme. The interplay of nonlinear hydrologic processes is discussed in the context of perturbation biases, and implications of the bias correction for real-data assimilation cases are presented.
C1 [Ryu, Dongryeol] Univ Melbourne, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Crow, Wade T.; Jackson, Thomas J.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Zhan, Xiwu] NOAA, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Ryu, D (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM dryu@unimelb.edu.au
RI Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010; Ryu, Dongryeol/C-5903-2008
OI Ryu, Dongryeol/0000-0002-5335-6209
FU NASA [NNH04AC301]
FX This work was partially supported by the NASA EOS Aqua Project Science
and the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology programs through Grant NNH04AC301.
NR 27
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 10
IS 3
BP 734
EP 750
DI 10.1175/2008JHM1038.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 463HB
UT WOS:000267420900009
ER
PT J
AU Schaefer, SE
Salazar, M
Bruhn, C
Saviano, D
Boushey, C
Van Loan, MD
AF Schaefer, Sara E.
Salazar, Melissa
Bruhn, Christine
Saviano, Dennis
Boushey, Carol
Van Loan, Marta D.
TI Influence of Race, Acculturation, and Socioeconomic Status on Tendency
Toward Overweight in Asian-American and Mexican-American Early
Adolescent Females
SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ethnicity; Acculturation; Socio-economic; Overweight; Body fat
ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS;
HISPANIC IMMIGRANTS; FAST-FOOD; INCOME; OBESITY; DIET; US; CALIFORNIA
AB Background Health disparities in chronic disease prevalence exist in the United States among racial/ethnic groups. This study explores relationships between physical, socioeconomic, and cultural characteristics of a multi-ethnic sample of early adolescent females which may assist health educators in designing programs targeting these groups. Methods Mexican-American and Asian-American sixth grade females (n = 144) were enrolled in Adequate Calcium Today. Physical measurements included weight, height, and BMI. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry determined percent body fat (%BF). Socioeconomic status was determined by enrollment in free or reduced meal program (FRMP). An adapted Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican-Americans-II (ARSMA-II) measured acculturation. Results Mexican-Americans had greater height, BMI, %BF, and a greater tendency toward overweight (P < 0.01) than Asian-American. Asian-Americans were more acculturated than MA (P < 0.005), attributed to a lower ethnic orientation scale score. Within Asian-Americans, %BF was higher among FRMP participants than non-participants (P < 0.05). Discussion Income and acculturation may affect tendency toward chronic disease.
C1 [Van Loan, Marta D.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Schaefer, Sara E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Salazar, Melissa] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Educ, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bruhn, Christine] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Saviano, Dennis; Boushey, Carol] Purdue Univ, Dept Foods & Nutr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Van Loan, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM marta.vanloan@ars.usda.gov
NR 38
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1557-1912
J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT
JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 11
IS 3
BP 188
EP 197
DI 10.1007/s10903-008-9150-6
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 645ZP
UT WOS:000281505000005
PM 18506624
ER
PT J
AU Shelby, KS
Popham, HJR
AF Shelby, Kent S.
Popham, Holly J. R.
TI Analysis of ESTs generated from immune-stimulated hemocytes of larval
Heliothis virescens
SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Expressed sequence tag; Baculovirus; Helicoverpa zea single
nucleopolyhedrovirus; Bacteria; Selenium; Budworm; Hemocyte; Scolexin-B;
C-type lectin; Growth-blocking peptide binding protein
ID C-TYPE LECTIN; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; BOMBYX-MORI; MANDUCA-SEXTA;
SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; BACULOVIRUS INFECTION; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM;
BINDING-PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; INNATE IMMUNITY
AB Heliothis virescens immunome components responding to baculoviral and bacterial infection were identified from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated from an immune-stimulated larval hemocyte cDNA library. A total of 5548 ESTs were generated comprising 448 contigs and 1114 singletons, totaling 1606 putative transcripts 1101 of which had BLAST scores, including many known orthologs from other insect species. Orthologs of known or putative immune function were identified among them melanization pathway components, proteases, antibacterial proteins, lectins, bacteria-binding proteins, ferritins, scavenger receptors, cell surface receptors, signaling pathway components, and stress response enzymes. Additionally, many enzymes of central metabolism, cytoskeletal, mitochondrial, and ribosomal components, as well as transcriptional and translational regulators were identified. The effect of bacterial and baculoviral infection upon transcript levels of three identified immunome targets from among the ESTs was quantitated using real time PCR. Scolexin-B. C-type lectin and growth-blocking peptide binding protein transcripts were significantly elevated by bacterial infection. Per os infection with the baculovirus Helicoverpa zea single nucleopolyhedrovirus however did not significantly alter transcript levels of these three genes. The ESTs reported here are the first large scale report of the H. virescens immunome responding to entomopathogens, and represent a first step to a more complete transcriptome for this pest moth. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Shelby, Kent S.; Popham, Holly J. R.] ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, Columbia, MO 65203 USA.
RP Shelby, KS (reprint author), ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, 1503 S Providence Rd, Columbia, MO 65203 USA.
EM Kent.Shelby@ars.usda.gov; Holly.Popham@ars.usda.gov
RI Shelby, Kent/E-1605-2011
OI Shelby, Kent/0000-0001-9859-3497
FU US Department of Agriculture
FX The authors thank Joseph A. Ringbauer, Sandra L. Brandt, Larry Brown,
Steve Cooper and Stephen Jacobs for technical assistance. Also we wish
to thank Hector Sanchez (Univ. Missouri) and Arturo Garcia (ARS-MWA) for
IT assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this
article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and
does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of
Agriculture. All programs and services of the US Department of
Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to
race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or
handicap.
NR 63
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2011
J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL
JI J. Invertebr. Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 101
IS 2
BP 86
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.jip.2009.05.002
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 462UR
UT WOS:000267382800002
PM 19442669
ER
PT J
AU Vanengelsdorp, D
Evans, JD
Donovall, L
Mullin, C
Frazier, M
Frazier, J
Tarpy, DR
Hayes, J
Pettis, JS
AF vanEngelsdorp, Dennis
Evans, Jay D.
Donovall, Leo
Mullin, Chris
Frazier, Maryann
Frazier, James
Tarpy, David R.
Hayes, Jerry, Jr.
Pettis, Jeffery S.
TI "Entombed Pollen": A new condition in honey bee colonies associated with
increased risk of colony mortality
SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Apis mellifera; Colony collapse disorder; Bee bread; Honey bee;
Pesticide residues; Physical encapsulation; Entombed pollen
ID LOSSES
AB Here we describe a new phenomenon, entombed pollen, which is highly associated with increased colony mortality. Entombed pollen is sunken, capped cells amidst "normal", uncapped cells of stored pollen, and some of the pollen contained within these cells is brick red in color. There appears to be a lack of microbial agents in the pollen, and larvae and adult bees do not have an increased rate of mortality when they are fed diets supplemented with entombed pollen in vitro, suggesting that the pollen itself is not directly responsible for increased colony mortality. However, the increased incidence of entombed pollen in reused wax comb Suggests that there is a transmittable factor common to the phenomenon and colony mortality. In addition, there were elevated pesticide levels, notably of the fungicide chlorothalonil, in entombed pollen. Additional studies are needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between entombed pollen, chemical residues, and colony mortality. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [vanEngelsdorp, Dennis; Donovall, Leo] Penn State Univ, Penn Dept Agr, Harrisburg, PA 17074 USA.
[Evans, Jay D.; Pettis, Jeffery S.] ARS, Bee Res Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Mullin, Chris; Frazier, Maryann; Frazier, James] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Tarpy, David R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Hayes, Jerry, Jr.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA.
RP Vanengelsdorp, D (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Dept Agr, 2301 N Cameron St, Harrisburg, PA 17074 USA.
EM dennis.vanengelsdorp@gmail.com; jay.evans@ars.usda.gov;
ldonovall@state.pa.us; CAMullin@psu.edu; mfrazier@psu.edu;
jfrazier@psu.edu; david_tarpy@ncsu.edu; hayesg@doacs.state.fl.us;
jeff.pettis@ars.usda.gov
RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012; vanEngelsdorp, Dennis/E-7934-2010
OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651;
NR 11
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 5
U2 49
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2011
J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL
JI J. Invertebr. Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 101
IS 2
BP 147
EP 149
DI 10.1016/j.jip.2009.03.008
PG 3
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 462UR
UT WOS:000267382800012
PM 19361513
ER
PT J
AU Jensen, AB
James, RR
Eilenberg, J
AF Jensen, A. B.
James, R. R.
Eilenberg, J.
TI Long-term storage of Ascosphaera aggregata and Ascosphaera apis,
pathogens of the leafcutting bee (Megachile rotundata) and the honey bee
(Apis mellifera)
SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ascosphaera aggregata; Ascosphaera apis; Chalkbrood; Bee diseases;
Storage
ID ENTOMOPHAGA-MAIMAIGA; CRYOPRESERVATION; ENTOMOPHTHORALES; VIRULENCE;
VIABILITY; CULTURE
AB Survival rates of Ascosphaera aggregata and Ascosphaera apis over the course of a year were tested using different storage treatments. For spores, the Storage methods tested were freeze-drying and ultra-low temperatures, and for hyphae, freeze-drying, agar slants, and two methods of ultra-low temperatures. Spores of A. aggregata and A. apis stored well at -80 degrees C and after freeze-drying. A. aggregata hyphae did not store Well under any of the methods tested while A. apis hyphae survived well using cryopreservation. Spores produced from cryopreserved A. apis hyphae were infective. Long-term storage of these two important fungal bee diseases is thus possible. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jensen, A. B.; Eilenberg, J.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Ecol & Agr, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
[James, R. R.] ARS, USDA, Pollinating Insects Biol Management & Systemat Re, Logan, UT USA.
RP Jensen, AB (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Ecol & Agr, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
EM abj@life.ku.dk
RI Jensen, Annette /E-5478-2013; Jensen, Annette/G-7558-2014; Eilenberg,
Jorgen/F-7444-2014
OI Jensen, Annette/0000-0002-2044-2274; Eilenberg,
Jorgen/0000-0002-9273-5252
FU Danish National Research Foundation; Danish Council for Strategic
Research; The Velux Foundation
FX The authors wish to thank Ellen Klinger and Christina Wolsted for
technical support. The Danish National Research Foundation, The Danish
Council for Strategic Research and The Velux Foundation for funding.
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2011
J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL
JI J. Invertebr. Pathol.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 101
IS 2
BP 157
EP 160
DI 10.1016/j.jip.2009.03.004
PG 4
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 462UR
UT WOS:000267382800015
PM 19332075
ER
PT J
AU Vermillion, K
Price, NPJ
AF Vermillion, Karl
Price, Neil P. J.
TI Stable isotope-enhanced two- and three-dimensional diffusion ordered
C-13 NMR spectroscopy (SIE-DOSY C-13 NMR)
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Stable isotope-enhanced diffusion-ordered spectroscopy; DOSY;
Peracetylation; Diffusion; Carbohydrate
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEX-MIXTURES; HIGH-RESOLUTION;
OLIGOSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES; SUGARS; IDOSY
AB The feasibility of obtaining high quality homonuclear or heteronuclear diffusion-ordered C-13 NMR data is shown to be greatly improved by using C-13 isotopically-enriched samples. Stable isotope-enhanced diffusion ordered (SIE-DOSY) C-13 NMR has been applied to C-13-enriched carbohydrates, and has been used to determine diffusion coefficients for pentose and hexose rnonosaccharides, and a disaccharide and trisaccharide. These 2D spectra were obtained with as little as 8 min of acquisition time. Fully resolved 3D DOSY-HMQC NMR spectra of [U-C-13]xylose, [U-C-13]glucose, and [1-C-13(gal)]lactose were obtained in 5 h. Sample derivatization with [carbonyl-C-13]acetate (peracetylation) extends the usefulness of the technique to included non-labeled sugars: the C-13-carbonyl - carbohydrate ring proton H-1-C-13 correlations also provide additional structural information, as shown for the 3-D DOSY-HMQC analysis of a mixture of maltotriose and lactose per-[carbonyl-C-13]acetates. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vermillion, Karl] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
[Price, Neil P. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Vermillion, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM karl.vermillion@ars.usda.gov
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1090-7807
J9 J MAGN RESON
JI J. Magn. Reson.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 198
IS 2
BP 209
EP 214
DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.02.008
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical;
Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 450FU
UT WOS:000266387200011
PM 19303336
ER
PT J
AU Trujillo, RG
Patton, JC
Schlitter, DA
Bickham, JW
AF Trujillo, Robert G.
Patton, John C.
Schlitter, Duane A.
Bickham, John W.
TI MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS OF THE BAT GENUS SCOTOPHILUS (CHIROPTERA:
VESPERTILIONIDAE): PERSPECTIVES FROM PATERNALLY AND MATERNALLY INHERITED
GENOMES
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chiroptera; cytochrome b; Scotophilus; Vespertilionidae; zinc finger Y
(zfy)
ID GENETIC SPECIES CONCEPT; CYTOCHROME-B SEQUENCES; BAYESIAN-INFERENCE;
MAMMALS; SUBSTITUTION; DIVERGENCE; MADAGASCAR; MODEL; DNA
AB The genus Scotophilus is composed of 15 recognized species with 7 species distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa, 4 distributed across southern and southeastern Asia, 3 endemic to Madagascar, and I endemic to Reunion Island. Scotophilus is plagued with problems in species definition, and systematic relationships among members of the genus are poorly understood. We used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y-chromosome sequence data from 11 of the 15 recognized species, which represent the most comprehensive taxonomic coverage to date, to examine phylogenetic patterns within Scotophilus. All trees have S. kuhlii from Asia as the most basal species followed by S. nux from Africa. However, S. heathii from Asia is embedded within the other African Scotophilus, indicating a complex biogeography with multiple continental exchanges. Furthermore, the Malagasy taxa are most closely related to 2 different African species, suggesting independent colonizations of Madagascar from the continental mainland. In addition, African S. dinganii did not comprise a monophyletic group but exhibited at least 2 additional cryptic species based on high levels of genetic divergence in the cyotchrome-b gene. The large-bodied S. nigrita is closely related to S. dinganii with a similar mtDNA haplotype but distinct zfy haplotype, suggesting a possible hybridization event in the most recent common ancestor that potentially represents a mitochondrial capture. Overall measures of interspecific genetic distances ranged from 4.2% to 19.2% for mtDNA data and 0.18% to 2.14% for Y-chromosome data, indicating that members of the genus Scotophilus are highly divergent from one another.
C1 [Trujillo, Robert G.; Patton, John C.; Schlitter, Duane A.; Bickham, John W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Coll Stn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Trujillo, RG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM rgtrujillo@fs.fed.us
FU RGT, Texas A&M University Graduate Student Research Grant; Texas A&M
University L. T. Jordan Institute for International Awareness
Fellowship; United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service;
United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research
Education and Extension Service; 2 National Geographic Society;
AngloAmerica-Debeers; Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh
FX The substance of this manuscript was submitted by RGT to the Department
of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences of Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas, in partial fulfillment of the Doctor of Philosophy
degree. We acknowledge the many scientists and museums that contributed
tissues to this study. Tissues included in this study were kindly
provided by J. Patton of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, J. Eger of
the Royal Ontario Museum, S. Goodman and L. Heaney of the Field Museum
of Natural History, J. Wible and S. McLaren of the Carnegie Museum
Section of Mammals, I. L. Rautenbach of South Africa, and Z. Akbar of
the University Kebangsaan in Malaysia. We also thank S. Goodman, J.
Eger, and S. McLaren for comments on and identification of specimens
included in this study. Funding was provided to RGT through a Texas A&M
University Graduate Student Research Grant, a Texas A&M University L. T.
Jordan Institute for International Awareness Fellowship, and a
fellowship from the Hispanic Leadership Program in Agriculture and
Natural Resources (HLPANR) supported by the United States Department of
Agriculture Forest Service and United States Department of Agriculture
Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service. DAS
acknowledges officials in Ethiopia, Kenya, Cameroon, Ghana, and South
Africa who provided research permits for fieldwork and export permits
for Voucher and tissue specimens and especially Afework Bekele
(Ethiopia), Mohamed Isahakia (Kenya), and I. L. Rautenbach (South
Africa) for support during fieldwork. Funding for fieldwork was provided
to DAS by 2 National Geographic Society grants for Cameroon and
Ethiopia, AngloAmerica-Debeers grants for South Africa, and various
funding from the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh. RGT
acknowledges the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service
Northern Research Station for time and support in the preparation of
this manuscript. We thank A. Bickham Baird, B. Lim, R. Norris, and 2
anonymous reviewers for critical review of this manuscript.
NR 36
TC 12
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U1 1
U2 9
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 3
BP 548
EP 560
DI 10.1644/08-MAMM-A-239R2.1
PG 13
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 457SH
UT WOS:000266952900002
ER
PT J
AU Britzke, ER
Loeb, SC
Hobson, KA
Romanek, CS
Vonhof, MJ
AF Britzke, Eric R.
Loeb, Susan C.
Hobson, Keith A.
Romanek, Christopher S.
Vonhof, Maarten J.
TI USING HYDROGEN ISOTOPES TO ASSIGN ORIGINS OF BATS IN THE EASTERN UNITED
STATES
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bats; interspecific variation; intraspecific variation; Lasiurus
borealis; migration; Myotis lucifugus; Myotis septentrionalis; Myotis
sodalis; stable hydrogen isotope analysis
ID STABLE-HYDROGEN; NORTH-AMERICA; MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; MYOTIS-SODALIS;
BROWN BAT; GEOGRAPHIC ASSIGNMENT; WINTERING GROUNDS; ANIMAL MOVEMENT;
WIND TURBINES; FEATHERS
AB Stable hydrogen isotopes (delta Ds) in metabolically inert tissues such as feathers and hair provide a set of endogenous markers that may be useful for establishing migratory connectivity in animals. We tested the assumption of a clear relationship between delta D values of growing-season-weighted average precipitation (delta D(p)) derived from 2 geographic information system (GIS) models or latitude (LAT) and delta D values in bat hair (delta D(h)), and examined intra- and interspecific variation in delta D(h) of 4 bat species in the eastern United States. We analyzed 251 hair samples from 1 long-distance migrant (eastern red bat [Lasiurus borealis]) and 3 regional migrants (Indiana bat [Myotis sodalis], northern long-eared bat [M. septentrionalis], and little brown bat [M. lucifugus]) captured during the reproductive period (pregnancy and lactation) when bats are resident. LAT explained more of the variation in delta D(h) than delta D(p) derived from either of the GIS-based models, although 1 model of delta D(p) performed better for some species. We found significant intraspecific differences in the relationships between delta D(h) and LAT and between delta D(h) and estimates of delta D(p) derived from Bowen et al. (delta D(pB)) for L. borealis, and significant variation in the regression equations of delta D(h) and LAT and delta D(h) and delta D(p) among species for adult females and adult males. Stable hydrogen isotope analysis may be a valuable tool for studying migratory connectivity in bats, but significant intra- and interspecific variation in delta D(h) values suggests that pooling across sex and age categories and use of surrogate species should be avoided.
C1 [Britzke, Eric R.] USA Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39056 USA.
[Loeb, Susan C.] Clemson Univ, So Res Stn, US Forest Serv, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Hobson, Keith A.] Environm Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Romanek, Christopher S.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Vonhof, Maarten J.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
RP Britzke, ER (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39056 USA.
EM eric.r.britzke@usace.army.mil
NR 55
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 15
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 90
IS 3
BP 743
EP 751
DI 10.1644/08-MAMM-A-211R2.1
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 457SH
UT WOS:000266952900023
ER
EF