FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Amin, MK Womac, AR Bui, QD Mueller, TC Mulrooney, JE AF Amin, MK Womac, AR Bui, QD Mueller, TC Mulrooney, JE TI Air sampling of aerosol and gaseous pesticides SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE pesticides; spray; drift; chemical dust; spray application ID ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; DRIFT; SOIL AB Rotating disk impactor (RDI) technology was investigated for the collection of separate liquid and vapor phases of airborne pesticides and simulants. An RDI collected from 90 to 99% of potassium bromide, clomazone, and malathion aerosols when directly coupled to a nebulizer that produced drop diameters ranging from 2 to 20 mu m. The RDI also collected over 95% of the mass of clomazone and malathion vapors when connected to a vapor generator, thereby limiting any phase partitioning of the sample. Vapor collection was attributed to the exposure, affinity, and solubility between the RDI collection well liquid and sampled chemical. However, the RDI sampling system has merit and further research should prioritize ways to minimize inadvertent collection of vapor. Ethylene glycol was selected as the RDI collection well liquid based on reduced volatile loss of the collection liquid for sampling periods observed up to 7 h and mean recovery efficiencies of 86 and 87% for clomazone and malathion, respectively. Also, n-decane was a suitable collection well liquid when direct injection into the analytical instrument was possible, since n-decane was miscible with a number of solvents used for pesticide extraction. Conventional air sampling media that may be used in series with the RDI, instead of delicate bubblers, were evaluated for the recovery of a selected pesticide. Clomazone recoveries for a 15-min, 1 L min(-1) airflow rate from glass fiber filter, polyurethane foam, a fritted impinger, and a multi-element OSHA versatile sampler (OVS) were 66, 92, 84, and 73%, respectively. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. ARS, Applicat & Prod Technol Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Womac, AR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, POB 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 593 EP 600 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600005 ER PT J AU Ucar, T Ozkan, HE Fox, RD Brazee, RD Derksen, RC AF Ucar, T Ozkan, HE Fox, RD Brazee, RD Derksen, RC TI Criteria and procedures for evaluation of solids mixing in agricultural sprayer tanks SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE sprayer tanks; hydraulic agitators; mixing; pesticides AB An agitation effectiveness index (AGEF) was defined to help evaluate the effectiveness of hydraulic agitation systems in agricultural sprayer tanks regardless of tank size and shape. AGEF was calculated based on three measured mixing criteria: particle deposits remaining on the bottom of the tank following the application, the coefficient of variation of the mixture concentration in the line to the boom, and the ratio of maximum deviation of the mixture concentration at the tank outlet to the mean concentration measured during the application. The ratio of AGEF to required hydraulic power of the agitation system, named Power Ratio, was also used as another parameter to evaluate sprayer tank agitation systems. The method suggested in this article was applied to evaluate a large number of agitation experiments conducted as well as a previous researcher's unevaluated agitation data in order to show its applicability. Use of this method is limited to solid-liquid type mixtures in order to determine the suspension uniformity achieved with hydraulic agitators. Kaolin clay was used as solid particles since this is a common carrier for wettable powder and granular pesticides. The results showed that AGEF was sensitive enough to enable reasonable comparisons and that this method can be used to standardize minimum requirements of a hydraulic jet agitation system. AGEF and Power Ratio provided a novel approach to identify efficient agitation systems with low energy requirements. C1 Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, OARDC, Wooster, OH USA. RP Ozkan, HE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 601 EP 607 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600006 ER PT J AU Womac, AR Maynard, RA Kirk, IW AF Womac, AR Maynard, RA Kirk, IW TI Measurement variations in reference sprays for nozzle classification SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE agrichemicals; atomizers; drift potential; drop sizes; drop size distribution; nozzles; sprayers ID VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS; PHASE DOPPLER; DROP-SIZE; DRIFT AB Variations in spray droplet measurements were identified for reference nozzles sewing as category thresholds defined for the standardized classification of agricultural spray nozzles. Spraying Systems, Delavan, and Lurmark manufactured brands of reference nozzles produced mean volume median diameters (D-nu 0.5) that varied from 0.5 to 34 mu m within a given nozzle size, as measured with a laser diffraction instrument. Similarly, mean D-nu 0.1 and D-nu 0.9 values differed from 0.1 to 14 mu m and from 0.9 to 74.2 mu m, respectively. Coefficients of variation (CV) in D-nu 0.1, D-nu 0.5, or D-nu 0.9 within a nozzle brand and size ranged from 0.19 to 3.62% across the test. Two additional laser instruments that were tested included an imaging probe and a phase Doppler instrument. Relative droplet size differences between nozzle brands were noted when using different types of laser instruments compared with number density weighted values. Similarly, droplet size differences were observed between instruments compared with number flux weighted values. Results indicate that dedicated reference nozzle sets may be preferred to increase the overall uniformity of classification thresholds; any of the tested brands of nozzles would be suitable; and laser instrument differences may contribute to relative shifts among thresholds for nozzle classification, thereby reducing the precision of uniform nozzle classification. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. RP Womac, AR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, POB 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 609 EP 616 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600007 ER PT J AU Gillum, MN Armijo, CB Bragg, CK AF Gillum, MN Armijo, CB Bragg, CK TI Combining roller ginning and lint cleaning into one machine SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE roller ginning; lint cleaning; cleaning efficiency; Pima cotton; fiber quality AB An experimental machine that combines the roller-ginning and lint-cleaning functions into one unit was tested. The ginning section of the machine is conventional and the cleaning section consists of a cylinder-type cleaner. Because the ginned fiber is guided directly onto the cleaning cylinder without forming a batt, a feed roll/feed bar assembly (which damages the fiber) is not required. The test consisted of comparing Pima lint cleaned with conventional mill-type/air-jet cleaners to Pima lint cleaned with the experimental machine. There were no significant differences in fiber or yam quality between the two cleaning treatments. The experimental machine had more trash in the lint, more lint in the trash, and a lower cleaning efficiency than mill-type/air-jet cleaners, but turnout and bale value remained the same. C1 ARS, USDA, So Plains Area, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Agr Expt Stn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. ARS, USDA, S Atlantic Area, Cotton Qual Res Stn, Clemson, SC USA. RP Gillum, MN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Plains Area, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, POB 578, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 617 EP 622 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600008 ER PT J AU Bakhsh, A Kanwar, RS Ahuja, LR AF Bakhsh, A Kanwar, RS Ahuja, LR TI Simulating the effect of swine manure application on NO3-N transport to subsurface drainage water SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE water quality; nitrate-nitrogen; swine manure ID MACROPORE TRANSPORT; POULTRY LITTER; QUALITY MODEL; GLEAMS; ZONE; GROUNDWATER; MANAGEMENT; RZWQM; FIELD; PESTICIDES AB The root zone water quality model (RZWQM V.3.25) was calibrated and evaluated using four years (1993-96) of field data to simulate the effect of swine manure application on NO3-N losses with subsurface drainage water under a corn-soybean production system. The RZWQM was calibrated for corn and soybean crops separately using crop-specific calibration parameters. The main crop specific parameters of maximum nitrogen.uptake rate (g/plant/day), proportion of photosynthesis to respiration, and amount of biomass (g) needed to obtain leaf area index of 1.0 were calibrated to 2.0, 0.12, 10.0 for corn and 0.5, 0.005 and 1.5 for soybean, respectively. The predicted subsurface drain flows and NO3-N concentrations in the drainage water were compared with the measured values. The predicted subsurface drain flows followed the pattern of measured drain flows, giving an average difference of about +2.0% and -9.7% for corn and soybean, respectively. The predicted NO3-N concentrations in tile water were in good agreement with the measured values for all simulation periods (overall average difference was less than 1%). The evaluation of the model for validation years (1995 and 1996) showed correlation coefficients of 0.66 and 0.57 between predicted and measured NO3-N concentrations for corn and soybean, respectively. The overall predicted NO3-N losses were within 5% of the observed NO3-N losses for both cropping systems. This shows that the crop specific parameters of the RZWQM have the potential to simulate satisfactorily the effect of crop rotation-and swine manure application in alternate years and N-fixation by soybean on NO3-N losses with subsurface drain flow. To improve model performance, the crop specific parameters need to be tested for above and belowground biomass and grain yield predictions along with NO3-N losses. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. ARS, USDA, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Bakhsh, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 102 Davidson Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 657 EP 664 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600013 ER PT J AU Malone, RW Stewardson, DJ Bonta, JV Nelsen, T AF Malone, RW Stewardson, DJ Bonta, JV Nelsen, T TI Calibration and quality control of the Coshocton weighing lysimeters SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE Shewhart's control charts; load cells; evapotranspiration; monolith weighing lysimeters ID LABORATORIES AB Many weighing lysimeters, including the Coshocton lysimeters, use load cells to determine evapotranspiration (ET). Because measured ET is sometimes small (less than 0.5 mm for hourly ET), these instruments must be very accurate mass measurement devices. To achieve acceptable accuracy, weighing lysimeters require calibration. Electronic changes were found to affect the performance of the Coshocton weighing lysimeters, therefore, a quality control plan was needed. The objectives of this article are: to present a weighing lysimeter calibration method; to provide a statistically valid quality control plan (using control charts); and to describe the performance of the Coshocton lysimeters operating under this calibration and quality control plan. Control charts were used to monitor the performance of the weighing mechanism because they can: be relatively easy to user indicate when re-calibration is necessary; identify measurement drift; indicate instrument problems; indicate human mistakes; provide confidence in measurement results; and be adapted to most measurement processes. A calibration procedure was developed that: could be performed by one person; could be performed without covering the lysimeter; and could be used in conjunction with the quality control (QC) procedure. The results show that the Coshocton lysimeters, operating under the described quality control and calibration procedure, have an error less than 0.025 mm (water equivalent mass) for a single mass measurement. The resulting error in lysimeter-computed daily ET was about 0.03 mm indicating that the lysimeters are capable of measuring low ET (e.g., hourly ET). The mass measurement process was generally statistically 'in control' which provides confidence in the lysimeter-computed ET. Under normal conditions, two of the three weighing lysimeters were found to be significantly affected by wind, likely due to the steep topography (13-26% slopes). However even under somewhat windy conditions (up to 4.5 m/s), the lysimeters were very stable and any wind induced error can be considered negligible for most applications. C1 ARS, USDA, N Appalachian Expt Watershed, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Ind Stat Res Unit, Dept Mech Mat & Mfg Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. ARS, USDA, Midwest Area Off, Peoria, IL USA. RP Malone, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Appalachian Expt Watershed, POB 488, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 701 EP 712 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600017 ER PT J AU Maw, BW Young, JR Marti, LR AF Maw, BW Young, JR Marti, LR TI Evaluating a contaminant using a center pivot irrigation system SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE pesticide; toxicity; environment; center pivot; irrigation; chemigation AB In measuring the biological effect of a contaminant that may be present in irrigation water, a center pivot was used to apply both irrigation water and contaminant on to seedling plants. The four independent treatment variables tested were: contaminant concentration in the irrigation water; presence or absence of organic matter in the irrigation water; presence or absence of oil as a carrier for the contaminant in the irrigation water; and the availability of seedling plants of various sensitivities to the contaminant. The dependent variable was the phytotoxic response in terms of discoloration and stunting in the growth of the seedling plants. An aquatic herbicide, bensulfuron, was the contaminant. The seedling plants chosen were sweet corn, turnip, field pea, pumpkin and Chinese cabbage. The contaminant was phytotoxic to turnip and Chinese cabbage. There was a difference in the biological response for each concentration of the contaminant. The presence of organic matter in irrigation water did not affect the biological response of the contaminant. Mixing the contaminant with oil before injection into the irrigation water gave a reduction in biological response on Chinese cabbage but not on turnip. Since the technique used equipment likely to be available where a center pivot is being used, and did not involve the use of expensive analytical instruments, its use may be considered for measuring the biological effect of other contaminants on a field scale. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA USA. RP Maw, BW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 799 EP 802 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600030 ER PT J AU Buck, NL Groff, GP Raper, RL AF Buck, NL Groff, GP Raper, RL TI Finite element analysis, simplified by conformal mapping, of an axisymmetric dielectric constant probe SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article DE complex numbers; conformal mapping; dielectric constant; finite element analysis; instrumentation; meat; non-destructive testing; thickness ID MICROSTRIP AB A finite element analysis was conducted to obtain theoretical capacitance values for an axisymmetric dielectric constant sensor applied to layers of lean and fatty tissues. The sensor was under study as a noninvasive tool for determining the fat content of beef cattle and carcasses. A conformal mapping performed on a radial cross-section of the probe greatly simplified the analysis by eliminating field singularities at the edges of the conductors and correcting large disparities in the sizes of the elements. This coordinate transformation required a modification of the stiffness formula used in the finite element analysis. Capacitance values with estimated errors under 0.015% were obtained with a mesh of under 2,000 nodes. These values were used to identify deficiencies in an equation, developed from experimental data, relating the probe output to tissue thicknesses and dielectric constants. Theoretical capacitance values were needed because experimental error was hindering the development of this equation. The information in this article will be of use to other researchers who are performing axially symmetric finite element analyses or who are interested in dielectric constant measurements on layered materials. C1 USDA, GIPSA, FGIS, FMD, Washington, DC 20250 USA. USDA, ARS Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Washington, DC USA. USDA, ARS Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL USA. RP Buck, NL (reprint author), USDA, GIPSA, FGIS, FMD, Stop 3631,1400 Independence Ave, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 819 EP 826 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 213AV UT WOS:000081250600033 ER PT J AU Polley, HW Tischler, CR Johnson, HB Pennington, RE AF Polley, HW Tischler, CR Johnson, HB Pennington, RE TI Growth, water relations, and survival of drought-exposed seedlings from six maternal families of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa): responses to CO2 enrichment SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heritable variation; osmotic potential; water deficit; xylem pressure potential ID ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE; GAS-EXCHANGE; STRESS; BALANCE; TEXAS; BIRCH; AVAILABILITY; POPULATIONS; GRASSLAND; EMERGENCE AB Low water availability is a leading contributor to mortality of woody seedlings on grasslands, including those of the invasive shrub Prosopis. Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration could favor some genotypes of this species over others if there exists intraspecific variation in the responsiveness of survivorship to CO2. To investigate such variation, we studied effects of CO2 enrichment on seedling survival in response to uniform rates of soil water depletion in six maternal families of honey mesquite (P. glandulosa Torr. var, glandulosa). Three families each from the arid and mesic extremes of the species' distribution in the southwestern United States were studied in environmentally controlled glasshouses. Relative water content at turgor loss and osmotic potential were not affected by CO2 treatment. Increased atmospheric CO2 concentration, however, increased growth, leaf production and area, and midday xylem pressure potential, and apparently reduced transpiration per unit leaf area of seedlings as soil dried. Consequently, CO2 enrichment about doubled the fraction of seedlings that survived soil water depletion. Maternal families of honey mesquite differed in percentage survival of drought and in several other characteristics, but differences were of similar or of smaller magnitude compared with differences between CO2 treatments. There was no evidence for genetic variation in the responsiveness of survivorship to CO2. By increasing seedling survival of drought, increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration could increase the abundance of honey mesquite where establishment is limited by water availability. Genetic types with superior ability to survive drought today, however, apparently will maintain that advantage in the future. C1 USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Polley, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 9 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 19 IS 6 BP 359 EP 366 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 191JH UT WOS:000080019000003 ER PT J AU Grusak, MA AF Grusak, MA TI Genomics-assisted plant improvement to benefit human nutrition and health SO TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT News Item ID P-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE; VITAMIN-E; TOCOPHEROLS C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Grusak, MA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mgrusak@bom.tmc.edu NR 12 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1360-1385 J9 TRENDS PLANT SCI JI Trends Plant Sci. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 4 IS 5 BP 164 EP 166 DI 10.1016/S1360-1385(99)01400-4 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 206UK UT WOS:000080897500002 ER PT J AU Smits, E Burvenich, C Guidry, AJ Heyneman, R Massart-Leen, A AF Smits, E Burvenich, C Guidry, AJ Heyneman, R Massart-Leen, A TI Diapedesis across mammary epithelium reduces phagocytic and oxidative burst of bovine neutrophils SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PMN leukocytes; diapedesis; phagocytosis; oxidative burst ID POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; MILK LEUKOCYTES; CASEIN; BLOOD; CHEMOTAXIS; MIGRATION; FAT; INVITRO; GLAND AB The effect of diapedesis on the phagocytic and oxidative burst activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) was examined, using an in vitro cell culture model consisting of a monolayer of primary mammary epithelial cells. Isolated blood PMN from 10 cows were added to the basal side of the epithelial cell monolayer. Diapedesis was induced by the addition of complement factor C5a to the apical side of the monolayer. PMN phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus and oxidative burst were measured before diapedesis on PMN that were non-activated and activated by incubation with C5a and on PMN after diapedesis, using flow cytometry. The percentages of PMN fluorescing due to phagocytosis of S. aureus and oxidative burst were reduced by 21.2 and 14.4%, respectively, after diapedesis. Pre-incubation in the presence of C5a had no effect on percentage PMN fluorescing due to phagocytosis or oxidative burst. The capacity for individual migrated PMN to phagocytose S. aureus and to produce an oxidative burst, as measured by the intensity of fluorescence, decreased by 34.2 and 30.3%. Activation of PMN with C5a increased intensity due to the oxidative burst, but had no effect on intensity due to phagocytosis. These data show that PMN diapedesis across mammary epithelium results in decreased phagocytosis and oxidative burst of the PMN. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 State Univ Ghent, Fac Med Vet, Dept Physiol Biochem & Biostat, Merelbeke, Belgium. USDA ARS, BARC E, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Immunol & Dis Resistance Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Burvenich, C (reprint author), State Univ Ghent, Fac Med Vet, Dept Physiol Biochem & Biostat, Merelbeke, Belgium. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 68 IS 2-4 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1016/S0165-2427(99)00019-7 PG 8 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 203KR UT WOS:000080707300007 PM 10438317 ER PT J AU Mezencio, JMS Babcock, GD Kramer, E Brown, F AF Mezencio, JMS Babcock, GD Kramer, E Brown, F TI Evidence for the persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs SO VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE foot-and-mouth disease; pig; carrier; PCR; FMDV C1 USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Brown, F (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. NR 5 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAILLIERE TINDALL PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1090-0233 J9 VET J JI Vet. J. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 157 IS 3 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1053/tvjl.1999.0357 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 196VJ UT WOS:000080328300001 PM 10328832 ER PT J AU Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP Duncan, RB AF Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP Duncan, RB TI Confirmation that the dog is a definitive host for Neospora caninum SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neospora caninum; oocysts; dog ID INFECTIONS; MICE; TRANSMISSION; APICOMPLEXA; PROTOZOA AB Two mixed-breed littermate dogs were fed mouse brains containing tissue cysts of the NC-beef isolate of Neospora caninum. Both dogs excreted N. caninum oocysts in their feces, Dog 1 which was given methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) prior to ingesting tissue cysts, excreted oocysts on days 5 to 10 inclusive and on day 17 after ingesting tissue cysts. Dog 1 had a serum antibody titer of 1 :200 in the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) 35 days after it was fed tissue cysts. Dog 2, which was not treated with MPA, excreted oocysts on Day 6 and Day 9 after ingesting tissue cysts. Antibodies to N. caninum were not found in a 1,25 dilution of serum on any examination period for Dog 2 during the study. Neospora caninum was not found in the tissues of either dog by histological or immunohistochemical means following necropsy 42 days after being fed tissue cysts. The identity of the oocysts excreted in the feces of the dogs was confirmed by mouse inoculation studies, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USDA ARS, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lindsay, DS (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, 1410 Prices Fork Rd, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 14 TC 208 Z9 220 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 327 EP 333 DI 10.1016/S0304-4017(99)00054-0 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 201JJ UT WOS:000080591400009 PM 10384909 ER PT J AU Simunek, J Kodesova, R Gribb, MM van Genuchten, MT AF Simunek, J Kodesova, R Gribb, MM van Genuchten, MT TI Estimating hysteresis in the soil water retention function from cone permeameter experiments SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STEP OUTFLOW EXPERIMENTS; DISC INFILTROMETER DATA; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; INVERSE METHOD; UNSATURATED SOILS; FLOW; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT; MODELS AB Data obtained from modified cone penetrometer experiments were used to estimate the hysteretic soil hydraulic properties with a parameter estimation technique which combined a numerical solution of the Richards equation with Marquardt-Levenberg optimization. The modified cone penetrometer was designed to inject water into a soil through a cylindrical screen, measure the infiltration rate with time, and track the movement of the wetting front using two tensiometer rings positioned above the screen. After reaching relatively stable tensiometer readings during the experiments, the source of water was cut off and pressure head readings measured while water in the soil profile redistributed. Cumulative inflow and pressure head readings for two experiments with different supply pressures were analyzed to obtain estimates of the soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions. Analysis of flow responses obtained during the infiltration period, and of those obtained during the combined infiltration and redistribution phases, demonstrated the importance of hysteresis of the soil hydraulic functions. We found that the redistribution phase could not be described accurately when hysteresis was neglected. Hysteresis in the soil hydraulic functions was modeled using a relatively simple empirical model in which wetting scanning curves are scaled from the main wetting curve and drying scanning curves are scaled from the main drying curve. This model was deemed adequate for our examples. Optimization results for various combinations of unknown soil hydraulic parameters were compared to results of standard laboratory and in situ methods. Estimates of the saturated hydraulic conductivity were well within the range of in situ measurements. The estimated main hysteretic loops of the soil water retention curve were for the most part situated between the wetting and drying curves obtained with standard methods. C1 ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Simunek, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RI Simunek, Jiri/F-3196-2011; van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858 NR 56 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 35 IS 5 BP 1329 EP 1345 DI 10.1029/1998WR900110 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 190YG UT WOS:000079992400001 ER PT J AU Smith, RE Corradini, C Melone, F AF Smith, RE Corradini, C Melone, F TI A conceptual model for infiltration and redistribution in crusted soils SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNSATURATED FLOW AB Treating the crust as a single layer, a simplified but accurate infiltration and redistribution model for a crust-topped soil profile is developed. The method is an extension of an earlier infiltration and redistribution model for homogeneous soil profiles. The crust layer is conceptually subdivided into regions associated with surface water content and interface water content, respectively. The extension of the wetting front into the subsoil is described by the homogeneous soil method described earlier. Two ordinary differential equations are written which match pressure heads and fluxes at the soil interface and are solved by a Runge-Kutta technique. The model is tested against the results of the Richards equation with variations in the key variables of capillary length scale and saturated hydraulic conductivity for both soil and crust and for cases where pending occurs both in the crust region and after wetting has entered the subsoil region. In all cases the profile water contents and infiltration rates are Very reasonably simulated. C1 USDA ARS, Water Management Res, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Perugia, Dept Civil Engn, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. CNR, Ist Ric Protez Idrogeol, I-06128 Perugia, Italy. RP Smith, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RI Corradini, Corrado/K-2066-2013; OI Corradini, Corrado/0000-0002-7297-6665 NR 20 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 35 IS 5 BP 1385 EP 1393 DI 10.1029/1998WR900046 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 190YG UT WOS:000079992400005 ER PT J AU Kustas, WP Jackson, TJ AF Kustas, WP Jackson, TJ TI The impact on area-averaged heat fluxes from using remotely sensed data at different resolutions: A case study with Washita '92 data SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DESERTIFICATION-THREATENED AREA; EUROPEAN FIELD EXPERIMENT; BARE-SOIL EVAPORATION; VEGETATION INDEXES; ENERGY FLUXES; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; HAPEX-MOBILHY; SURFACE; SCALE; CLIMATE AB Landscape-scale fluxes are derived using an energy balance model with remotely sensed input data at different pixel resolutions. The model explicitly evaluates energy flux contributions from the soil and vegetation using remotely sensed near-surface soil moisture and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to define key model variables. The remotely sensed data used in the model were collected as part of the Washita '92 Experiment conducted in the Little Washita watershed, a subhumid catchment in southwest Oklahoma. Near-surface soil moisture maps covering approximately an 800 km(2) area at 0.2 km resolution were generated using aircraft-based passive microwave observations from the L band electronically scanned thinned array radiometer (ESTAR). A spatially distributed NDVI map was derived from a SPOT satellite image. Daily values of the midday Bowen ratio (B-O, ratio of sensible to latent heat flux) computed by the model indicated that areas with low vegetation cover or bare soil and senescent vegetation were drying out significantly (i.e., dramatic increases in B-O) while other areas with higher vegetation cover showed smaller increases in B, in response to a drying soil surface. After a few days of drying, B-O values computed by the model ranged from similar to 0.1 to values greater than or similar to 2 over the image. The resulting spatially distributed maps of B-O suggested a heterogeneous surface at the field or patch scale. A satellite-based L band ESTAR would have a pixel resolution on the order of 10(1) km or larger (i.e., landscape scale). Since fluxes are nonlinearly related to model input variables/parameters, defining model inputs at resolutions significantly larger than the patch scale may cause significant errors in flux calculations. Potential errors in flux calculations were investigated by evaluating differences in area-averaged flux estimates for the similar to 18 x 45 km study area using the model with the remotely sensed near-surface soil moisture and NDVI data at the following pixel resolutions: (1) 0.2 km (original pixel resolution), (2) 9 km, and (3) the whole image, which has an effective pixel resolution on the order of 28 km. Differences in the area-averaged sensible and latent fluxes computed by the model at the three resolutions were within 10%. Such minor discrepancies in the area-average fluxes suggests that the heterogeneity in soil moisture and vegetation type and cover was not of the type to affect regional flux predictions using significantly coarser resolution information. There was a consistent decrease in area-averaged latent heat flux estimates at the coarser resolution caused by biases in area-averaged values of the other three energy flux components. The consistent decrease in area-average latent heat flux caused the area-averaged midday B-O to increase with decreasing pixel resolution resulting in approximate to 15% increase from 200 m to using the full image. These results, however, depended on the method used in aggregating leaf area index to the coarser resolutions, indicating that techniques for scaling up key model parameters have a significant effect on area-average flux predictions. C1 USDA ARS, Hydrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kustas, WP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol Lab, Bldg 007,BARC-WEST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 35 IS 5 BP 1539 EP 1550 DI 10.1029/1998WR900122 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 190YG UT WOS:000079992400018 ER PT J AU Mallory-Smith, C Hendrickson, P Mueller-Warrant, G AF Mallory-Smith, C Hendrickson, P Mueller-Warrant, G TI Cross-resistance of primisulfuron-resistant Bromus tectorum L. (downy brome) to sulfosulfuron SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE primisulfuron; sulfonylurea resistance; BROTE ID INSECTICIDE; METABOLISM; MAIZE AB A Bromus tectorum L. (downy brome) biotype with cross-resistance to sulfosulfuron has been identified. The resistant biotype was selected with primisulfuron in Poa pratensis L. (Kentucky bluegrass) plots near Madras, OR. The plots received two treatments of 20 g ai ha(-1) primisulfuron in the Fall of 1993, 1994, and 1995. In 1995, control of B. tectorum decreased and greenhouse studies confirmed that the biotype was resistant to primisulfuron. Cross-resistance to sulfosulfuron also was confirmed in greenhouse studies. Metabolism of sulfosulfuron rather than an insensitive site of action is the likely cause of the cross-resistance. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Mallory-Smith, C (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 47 IS 3 BP 256 EP 257 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 227XE UT WOS:000082104600002 ER PT J AU Johnson, WC Mullinix, BG AF Johnson, WC Mullinix, BG TI Cyperus esculentus interference in Cucumis sativus SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cucurbit; integrated weed management; response prediction experiment; weed competition; CYPES ID CORN ZEA-MAYS; COTTON GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; NUTSEDGES CYPERUS; YELLOW; COMPETITION; GROWTH; CROPS; SYSTEMS; TOMATO; PURPLE AB Field studies were conducted near Tifton, GA, from 1995 to 1997 to measure Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) interference with 'Fancipack' Cucumis sativus (cucumber) using a response prediction experiment with a natural infestation of C. esculentus. Cucumis sativus was direct-seeded each year. Plots (1.8 by 1.8 m) were established immediately after crop emergence. Cyperus esculentus plants were counted 2 wk after crop emergence in each plot, at which time four weed-free plots were randomly established. C. esculentus densities ranged from 0 to 955 plants m(-2). Total yield, plant biomass, and C. sativus stand were regressed against C. esculentus density and biomass. Regression analysis showed a 5% reduction in C. sativus yield with a C. esculentus infestation of approximately 15 plants m(-2). A uniform C. sativus stand maximized its competitive ability and minimized interference from C. esculentus. Cyperus esculentus was more competitive and reduced C. sativus yields when C. sativus stands were low and nonuniform. C1 USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Johnson, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 47 IS 3 BP 327 EP 331 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 227XE UT WOS:000082104600014 ER PT J AU Wang, Z AF Wang, Z TI The impact of China's WTO entry on the world labour-intensive export market: A recursive dynamic CGE analysis SO WORLD ECONOMY LA English DT Article C1 USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), USDA, Serv Econ Res, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0378-5920 J9 WORLD ECON JI World Econ. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 22 IS 3 BP 379 EP 405 DI 10.1111/1467-9701.00207 PG 27 WC Business, Finance; Economics; International Relations SC Business & Economics; International Relations GA 191LM UT WOS:000080051900003 ER PT J AU Oliver, JE Dickens, JC Zlotina, M Mastro, VC Yurchenko, GI AF Oliver, JE Dickens, JC Zlotina, M Mastro, VC Yurchenko, GI TI Sex attractant of the rosy Russian gypsy moth (Lymantria mathura Moore) SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG C-A JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Meeting of the International-Society-of-Chemical-Ecology CY JUN 20-24, 1998 CL ITHACA, NEW YORK SP Int Soc Chem Ecol DE pheromone; lymantriid; epoxide; triene; gypsy moth ID OPTICALLY-ACTIVE PHEROMONES; NOCTUID MOTHS; DISPARLURE ENANTIOMERS; CATERPILLAR MOTH; EPOXY RING; LEPIDOPTERA; COMPONENTS; SYSTEM; DISCRIMINATION; (+)-DISPARLURE AB We report identification of the sex attractant of the rosy Russian gypsy moth, Lymantria mathura Moore. Two compounds, Z, Z, Z-3,6,9-nonadecatriene 1 and its monoepoxide Z, Z(9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-3,6-nonadecadiene 4a, have been identified from abdominal tip extracts of female moths based on coupled gas chromatography/electroantennogram detector responses and dose response curves. Single cell recordings showed that only one of the monoepoxide enantiomers (S,R) was active. In field tests, both the (S,R)-monoepoxide and the racemate were active. This type of pheromone system, unusual for a Lymantriid, is more typical of those found in the families Arctiidae, Noctuidae and Geometridae. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Insect Chem Ecol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. USDA, APHIS, Otis Plant Protect Ctr, Otis ANGB, MA 02542 USA. Far E Forestry Res Inst, Khabarovsk 680020, Russia. RP Oliver, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Insect Chem Ecol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU VERLAG Z NATURFORSCH PI TUBINGEN PA POSTFACH 2645, W-7400 TUBINGEN, GERMANY SN 0939-5075 J9 Z NATURFORSCH C JI Z.Naturforsch.(C) PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 54 IS 5-6 BP 387 EP 394 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 214HY UT WOS:000081323600014 ER PT J AU Hsiao, C Jacobs, SWL Chatterton, NJ Asay, KH AF Hsiao, C Jacobs, SWL Chatterton, NJ Asay, KH TI A molecular phylogeny of the grass family (Poaceae) based on the sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) SO AUSTRALIAN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; DOMINICAN AMBER; FOSSIL; SYSTEMATICS; GRAMINEAE; MIOCENE; RDNA; ARUNDINOIDEAE; CHLORIDOIDEAE; SUBFAMILIES AB Phylogenetic relationships of the grass family inferred from the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) are generally in accord with the boundaries of the six commonly recognised subfamilies: Bambusoideae, Pooideae, Arundinoideae, Centothecoideae, Chloridoideae and Panicoideae. ITS phylogeny recognises the herbaceous bamboo allies, Streptochaeta and Pharus, as the basal taxa to all grasses. The core grass lineage is resolved into three major clades: the basal Bambusoideae is sister to the monophyletic Pooideae and the Panicoideae-Arundinoideae-Centothecoideae-Chloridoideae (PACC) clade. Several genera with uncertain taxonomic affinities, Lygeum, Nardus, Brachyelytrum, Diarrhena, Anisopogon, Ampelodesmos, and the tribe Stipeae, are all clustered with a broadly defined Pooideae, and may be the 'missing links' between the Pooideae and the Bambusoideae. Relationships of the PACC clade indicate that C-4 photosynthesis evolved independently among and within the PACC subfamilies. ITS phylogeny of the grass family, and evidence from the chloroplast genome, cytogenetics, fossil records, biogeography, and plate tectonic theory, suggest that the origin of the grasses is probably 'out of South America'. C1 Royal Bot Gardens, Natl Herbarium New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Jacobs, SWL (reprint author), Royal Bot Gardens, Natl Herbarium New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. NR 78 TC 87 Z9 105 U1 2 U2 17 PU C S I R O PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1030-1887 J9 AUST SYST BOT JI Aust. Syst. Bot. PD APR 30 PY 1999 VL 11 IS 5-6 BP 667 EP 688 DI 10.1071/SB97012 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 192BP UT WOS:000080058500002 ER PT J AU Autar, M Tatiana, C Roshni, M Nasreen, A Avtar, H AF Autar, M Tatiana, C Roshni, M Nasreen, A Avtar, H TI Cross-talk between polyamines and ethylene in tomato fruits expressing the yeast SAMdc gene SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, BARC W, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1386 EP A1386 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400380 ER PT J AU Brown, EM Wildermuth, RJ AF Brown, EM Wildermuth, RJ TI Effect of salt on the thermal stability of collagen in solution SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1571 EP A1571 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033401436 ER PT J AU Dombrink-Kurtzman, MA Gomez-Flores, R Weber, RJ AF Dombrink-Kurtzman, MA Gomez-Flores, R Weber, RJ TI Potentiation of rat splenic T cell proliferation by fumonisin B-1 is blocked by induction of nitric oxide. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Biomed & Therapeut Sci, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1408 EP A1408 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400500 ER PT J AU Edwards, JV Batiste, SL Gibbins, BM Goheen, SC AF Edwards, JV Batiste, SL Gibbins, BM Goheen, SC TI Affinity of cotton-bound peptides for the serine protease elastase SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Text Chem Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1495 EP A1495 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400999 ER PT J AU Nunamaker, RA Lockwood, JA Murphy, KE AF Nunamaker, RA Lockwood, JA Murphy, KE TI Cryopreservation of embryos of Culicoides sonorensis Wirth and Jones SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Univ Memphis, Dept Microbiol & Mol Cell Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1456 EP A1456 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400770 ER PT J AU Valaitis, AP Garner, KJ AF Valaitis, AP Garner, KJ TI Cloning of a trehalase cDNA from the gypsy moth SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, NE Expt Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1392 EP A1392 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400411 ER PT J AU Obin, M Mesco, E Gong, X Haas, AL Joseph, J Taylor, A AF Obin, M Mesco, E Gong, X Haas, AL Joseph, J Taylor, A TI Neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells - Distinguishing the roles of ubiquitylation and ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID END RULE PATHWAY; NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; PROTEIN-DEGRADATION; CONJUGATING ENZYMES; NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION; PROTEASOME; GENE; LACTACYSTIN; INHIBITORS; COMPLEX AB Nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth from rat PC12 cells was coincident with elevated (ra-fold) levels of endogenous ubiquitin (Ub) protein conjugates, elevated rates of formation of I-125-labeled Ub similar to E1 (Ub-activating enzyme) thiol esters and I-125-labeled Ub similar to E2 (Ub carrier protein) thiol esters in vitro, and enhanced capacity to synthesize I-125-labeled Ub-protein conjugates de novo. Activities of at least four E2s were increased in NGF-treated cells, including E2(14K), a component of the N-end rule pathway. Ubiquitylation of I-125-labeled beta-lactoglobulin was up to 4-fold greater in supernatants from NGF-treated cells versus untreated cells and was selectively inhibited by the dipeptide Leu-Ala, an inhibitor of Ub isopeptide ligase (E3), However, Uh-dependent proteolysis of I-125-labeled beta-lactoglobulin was not increased in supernatants from NGF-treated cells, suggesting that neurite outgrowth is promoted by enhanced rates of synthesis (rather than degradation) of Uh-protein conjugates, Consistent with this observation, neurite outgrowth was induced by proteasome inhibitors (lactacystin and clasto-lactacystin beta-lactone) and was associated with elevated levels of ubiquitylated protein and stabilization of the Uh-dependent substrate, p53. Lactacystin-induced neurite outgrowth was blocked by the dipeptide Leu-Ala (2 mM) but not by His-Ala These data 1) demonstrate that the enhanced pool of ubiquitylated protein observed during neuritogenesis in PC12 cells reflects coordinated up-regulation of Ub-conjugating activity, 2) suggest that Ub-dependent proteolysis is a negative regulator of neurite outgrowth in vitro, and 3) support a role for E2(14K)/E3-mediated protein ubiquitylation in PC12 cell neurite outgrowth. C1 Tufts Univ, JMUSDA, HNRCA, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, JMUSDA, HNRCA, Neurosci Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Savannah State Univ, Dept Biol & Life Sci, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Obin, M (reprint author), Tufts Univ, JMUSDA, HNRCA, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY11703]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM34009] NR 45 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 17 BP 11789 EP 11795 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.17.11789 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 188EX UT WOS:000079834800052 PM 10206996 ER PT J AU Yang, A Schweitzer, R Sun, DQ Kaghad, M Walker, N Bronson, RT Tabin, C Sharpe, A Caput, D Crum, C McKeon, F AF Yang, A Schweitzer, R Sun, DQ Kaghad, M Walker, N Bronson, RT Tabin, C Sharpe, A Caput, D Crum, C McKeon, F TI p63 is essential for regenerative proliferation in limb, craniofacial and epithelial development SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID VERTEBRATE LIMB; P53 HOMOLOG; MICE; DIFFERENTIATION; KERATINOCYTE; INVOLVEMENT; EXPRESSION; INITIATION; INDUCTION; CELLS AB The p63 gene, a homologue of the tumour-suppressor p53 (refs 1-5), is highly expressed in the basal or progenitor layers of many epithelial tissues(1). Here we report that mice homozygous for a disrupted p63 gene have major defects in their limb, craniofacial and epithelial development. p63 is expressed in the ectodermal surfaces of the limb buds, branchial arches and epidermal appendages, which are all sites of reciprocal signalling that direct morphogenetic patterning of the underlying mesoderm. The limb truncations are due to a failure to maintain the apical ectodermal ridge, a stratified epithelium, essential for Limb development The embryonic epidermis of p63(-/-) mice undergoes an unusual process of non-regenerative differentiation, culminating in a striking absence of all squamous epithelia and their derivatives, including mammary, lacrymal and salivary glands. Taken together, our results indicate that p63 is critical for maintaining the progenitor-cell populations that are necessary to sustain epithelial development and morphogenesis. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Immunol Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Sanofi Biorech, F-31676 Labege, France. Tufts Univ, Sch Vet Med, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP McKeon, F (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 30 TC 1474 Z9 1527 U1 2 U2 57 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 22 PY 1999 VL 398 IS 6729 BP 714 EP 718 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 189RP UT WOS:000079920100052 PM 10227294 ER PT J AU Levine, M Rumsey, SC Daruwala, R Park, JB Wang, YH AF Levine, M Rumsey, SC Daruwala, R Park, JB Wang, YH TI Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; ASCORBIC-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION; DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID; UNITED-STATES; ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MACULAR DEGENERATION; CHRONIC-HEMODIALYSIS AB Recommendations for vitamin C intake are under revision by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences, Since 1989 when the last recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 60 mg was published, extensive biochemical, molecular, epidemiologic, and clinical data have become available. New recommendations can be based on the following 9 criteria: dietary availability, steady-state concentrations in plasma in relationship to dose, steady-state concentrations in tissues in relationship to dose, bioavailability, urine excretion, adverse effects, biochemical and molecular function in relationship to vitamin concentration, direct beneficial effects and epidemiologic observations in relationship to dose, and prevention of deficiency, We applied these criteria to the Food and Nutrition Board's new guidelines, the Dietary Reference Intakes, which include 4 reference values, The estimated average requirement (EAR) is the amount of nutrient estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a life-stage and gender group, Based on an EAR of 100 mg/d of vitamin C, the RDA is proposed to be 120 mg/d, If the EAR cannot be determined, an adequate intake (AI) amount is recommended instead of an RDA. The AI was estimated to be either 200 mg/d from 5 servings of fruits and vegetables or 100 mg/d of vitamin C to prevent deficiency with a margin of safety, The final classification, the tolerable upper intake level, is the highest daily level of nutrient intake that does not pose risk or adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the population. This amount is proposed to be less than 1 g of vitamin C daily. Physicians can tell patients that 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day may be beneficial in preventing cancer and providing sufficient vitamin C intake for healthy people, and that 1 g or more of vitamin C may have adverse consequences in some people. C1 NIDDKD, Mol & Clin Nutr Sect, Digest Dis Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Phytonutrients Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Levine, M (reprint author), NIDDKD, Mol & Clin Nutr Sect, Digest Dis Branch, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 4D52, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 106 TC 233 Z9 239 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 21 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 15 BP 1415 EP 1423 DI 10.1001/jama.281.15.1415 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185ZF UT WOS:000079701000032 PM 10217058 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, KC Montalbano, BG Cary, JW AF Ehrlich, KC Montalbano, BG Cary, JW TI Binding of the C6-zinc cluster protein, AFLR, to the promoters of aflatoxin pathway biosynthesis genes in Aspergillus parasiticus SO GENE LA English DT Article DE electrophoretic mobility shift assay; fungi; gene expression; secondary metabolism ID ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN; REGULATORY GENE; DNA; NIDULANS; SPECIFICITY; SEQUENCE; FLAVUS; GAL4; RECOGNITION; CLONING AB AFLR is a Zn(2)Cys(6)-type sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that is thought to be necessary for expression of most of the genes in the aflatoxin pathway gene cluster in Aspergillus parasiticus and A. flavus, and the sterigmatocystin gene cluster in A. nidulans. However, it was not known whether AFLR bound to the promoter regions of each of the genes in the cluster. Recently, A. nidulans AFLR was shown to bind to the motif 5'-TCGN(5)CGA-3'. In the present study, we examined the binding of AFLR to promoter regions of 11 genes in the A. parasiticus cluster. Based on electrophoretic mobility shift assays, the genes nor1, pksA, adhA, norA, ver1, omtA, ordA, and, vbs, had at least one 5'-TCGN(5)CGA-3' binding site within 200 bp of the translation start site, and pksA and ver1 had an additional binding site further upstream. Although the promoter region of avnA lacked this motif, AFLR bound weakly to the sequence 5'-TCGCAGCCCGG-3' at -110 bp. One region in the promoter of the divergently transcribed genes aflR/aflJ bound weakly to AFLR even though it contained a site with at most only 7 bp of the 5'-TCGN(5)CGA-3' motif. This partial site may be recognized by a monomeric form of AFLR. Based on a comparison of 16 possible sires, the preferred binding sequence was 5'-TCGSWNNSCGR-3'. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Ehrlich, KC (reprint author), USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. NR 27 TC 104 Z9 110 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 230 IS 2 BP 249 EP 257 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00075-X PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 190LA UT WOS:000079963300015 PM 10216264 ER PT J AU Okomoto, T Minamikawa, T Edward, G Vakharia, V Herman, E AF Okomoto, T Minamikawa, T Edward, G Vakharia, V Herman, E TI Posttranslational removal of the carboxyl-terminal KDEL of the cysteine protease SH-EP occurs prior to maturation of the enzyme SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AUXIN-BINDING PROTEIN; LUMINAL ER PROTEINS; MUNG-BEAN SEEDLINGS; RAT PROCATHEPSIN-B; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; CATHEPSIN-L; VIGNA-MUNGO; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SULFHYDRYL-ENDOPEPTIDASE; VICILIN PEPTIDOHYDROLASE AB SH-EP is a cysteine protease from germinating mung bean (Vigna mungo) that possesses a carboxyl-terminal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention sequence, KDEL. In order to examine the function of the ER retention sequence, we expressed a full-length cDNA of SH-EP and a minus-KDEL control in insect Sf-9 cells using the baculovirus system. Our observations on the synthesis, processing, and trafficking of SH-EP in Sf-9 cells suggest that the KDEL ER-retention sequence is posttranslationally removed either while the protein is still in the ER or immediately after its exit from the ER, resulting in the accumulation of proSH-EP minus its KDEL signal. It is this intermediate form that appears to progress through the endomembrane system and is subsequently processed to form mature active SH-EP, The removal of an ER retention may regulate protein delivery to a functional site and present an alternative role for ER retention sequences in addition to their well established role in maintaining the protein composition of the ER lumen. C1 Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. Univ Maryland, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. ARS, Climate Stress Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Okomoto, T (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Minami Osawa, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. NR 81 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 16 BP 11390 EP 11398 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.16.11390 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 186VV UT WOS:000079751900100 ER PT J AU Palmer, HJ Tuzon, CT Paulson, KE AF Palmer, HJ Tuzon, CT Paulson, KE TI Age-dependent decline in mitogenic stimulation of hepatocytes - Reduced association between Shc and the epidermal growth factor receptor is coupled to decreased activation of Raf and extracellular signal-regulated kinases SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION SITES; DIFFERENTIAL ACTIVATION; PHOSPHOTYROSINE-BINDING; TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY; INTACT-CELLS; IN-VIVO; T-CELLS; DOMAIN AB The proliferative potential of the liver has been well documented to decline with age. However, the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon is not well understood. Cellular proliferation is the result of growth factor-receptor binding and activation of cellular signaling pathways to regulate specific gene transcription. To determine the mechanism of the age-related difference in proliferation, we evaluated extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and events upstream in the signaling pathway in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated hepatocytes isolated from young and old rats. We confirm the age-associated decrease in extracellular signal-regulated kinase-mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in response to EGF that has been previously reported. We also find that the activity of the upstream kinase, Raf kinase, is decreased in hepatocytes from old compared with young rats, An early age-related difference in the EGF-stimulated pathway is shown to be the decreased ability of the adapter protein, Shc, to associate with the EGF receptor through the Shc phosphotyrosine binding domain. To address the mechanism of decreased Shc/ EGF receptor interaction, we examined the phosphorylation of the EGF receptor at tyrosine 1173, a site recognized by the Shc phosphotyrosine binding domain, Tyrosine 1173 of the EGF receptor is underphosphorylated in the hepatocytes from old animals compared with young in a Western blot analysis using a phosphospecific antibody that recognizes phosphotyrosine 1173 of the EGF receptor. These data suggest that a molecular mechanism underlying the age-associated decrease in hepatocyte proliferation involves an age-dependent regulation of site-specific tyrosine residue phosphorylation on the EGF receptor. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Paulson, KE (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK34928, R01 DK50442] NR 57 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 16 BP 11424 EP 11430 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.16.11424 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 186VV UT WOS:000079751900104 PM 10196236 ER PT J AU Stolker, AAM van Ginkel, LA Stephany, RW Maxwell, RJ Parks, OW Lightfield, AR AF Stolker, AAM van Ginkel, LA Stephany, RW Maxwell, RJ Parks, OW Lightfield, AR TI Supercritical fluid extraction of methyltestosterone, nortestosterone and testosterone at low ppb levels from fortified bovine urine SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article DE steroids; methyltestosterone; nortestosterone; testosterone ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COLUMN; FAT; ANDROSTENONE; ANALYTES; AGENTS; TISSUE; LIVER AB A multi-residue supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method is proposed for the isolation of nortestosterone, testosterone and methyltestosterone from bovine urine. Prior to SFE, bovine urine was hydrolyzed and then fortified with the three steroids at 100 ng/ml and 50 ng/ml each for HPLC analysis and 25 ng/ml and 12.5 ng/ml each for GC-MS analysis. The samples then were mixed with an adsorbent material, placed in an SFE extraction vessel prepacked with a 3-ml SPE column containing neutral alumina and the testosterones were extracted from the urine matrix using unmodified supercritical CO2 at 27.2 MPa and 40 degrees C. The steroids were retained in-line on the neutral alumina sorbent in the SPE column while co-extracted artifactial material was trapped off-line after CO2 decompression. After SFE, the SPE column was removed from the extraction vessel, and the trapped steroids were eluted from the neutral alumina sorbent with 3 mi of a methanol-water mixture. Eluates were used directly without post-SFE clean-up either for HPLC analysis (detection Limit 50 ng/ml) or for GC-MS analysis (detection limit 5 ng/ml after steroid derivatization). The multi-residue SFE recoveries (n=6) for nortestosterone, testosterone and methyltestosterane from hydrolyzed bovine urine by GC-MS analysis were 90.8+/-6%, 93.9+/-3% and 92.5+/-5%, respectively for each steroid at the 12.5 ng fortification level. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm Protect, Lab Residue Anal, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. RP Maxwell, RJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 726 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 131 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(99)00039-0 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 191XC UT WOS:000080046100014 PM 10348178 ER PT J AU Wood, C AF Wood, C TI Managing the national forests SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Wood, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 284 IS 5413 BP 433 EP 433 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 187NE UT WOS:000079792200018 ER PT J AU Hoecker, U Tepperman, JM Quail, PH AF Hoecker, U Tepperman, JM Quail, PH TI SPA1, a WD-repeat protein specific to phytochrome A signal transduction SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIGHT CONTROL; BAC LIBRARY; ARABIDOPSIS; KINASE; COP1; ENCODES; PHOSPHORYLATES; MUTANTS; PATHWAY; CLONING AB The five members of the phytochrome photoreceptor family of Arabidopsis thaliana control morphogenesis differentially in response to light. Genetic analysis has identified a signaling pathway that is specifically activated by phytochrome A. A component in this pathway, SPA1 (for "suppressor of phyA-105"), functions in repression of photomorphogenesis and is required for normal photosensory specificity of phytochrome A. Molecular cloning of the SPA 7 gene indicates that SPA1 is a WD (tryptophan-aspartic acid)-repeat protein that also shares sequence similarity with protein kinases. SPA1 can localize to the nucleus, suggesting a possible function in phytochrome A-specific regulation of gene expression. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. ARS, USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Quail, PH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-47475] NR 31 TC 172 Z9 183 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 284 IS 5413 BP 496 EP 499 DI 10.1126/science.284.5413.496 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 187NE UT WOS:000079792200050 PM 10205059 ER PT J AU Moyna, G Williams, HJ Nachman, RJ Scott, AI AF Moyna, G Williams, HJ Nachman, RJ Scott, AI TI Conformation in solution and dynamics of a structurally constrained linear insect kinin pentapeptide analogue SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article DE insect kinin neuropeptide mimetic analogues; conformationally restricted peptides; nmr; distance geometry and simulated annealing; molecular dynamics simulations; explicit and implicit solvation models ID NEUROPEPTIDE FAMILY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FORCE-FIELD; ACTIVE CONFORMATION; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; DIURETIC ACTIVITY; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; NMR; PROTEINS; PEPTIDES AB The preferred conformations of the active diuretic insect kinin pentapeptide analogue Phe-Phe-Aib-Trp-Gly-NH2 were studied using nmr spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Structure sets consistent with rotating frame nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy distance constraints obtained by restrained simulated annealing in vacuo indicate a predominant population of a type II beta-turn involving the Phe(1)-Trp(4) region. An equilibrium between this type II and a type I beta-turn formed by residues Phe(2) and Gly(5) was observed in a 5 ns restrained molecular dynamics simulation using the implicit generalized Born solvent accessible surface area (GB/SA) solvation model. When subjected to 500 ps dynamics with explicit water both beta-turn folds were conserved throughout the simulations. The results obtained with implicit and explicit solvation models are compared, and their consistency with the nmr observations is discussed. The behavior of the linear pentapeptide in this study is in agreement with art earlier report on the consensus conformation of the insect kinin active cove derived from analysis of cyclic active analogues. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Biol NMR, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. USDA ARS, Food Anim Protect Res Lab, Vet Entomol Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Williams, HJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Biol NMR, POB 30012, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. NR 42 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 49 IS 5 BP 403 EP 413 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0282(19990415)49:5<403::AID-BIP6>3.0.CO;2-T PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 177YV UT WOS:000079239400006 PM 10101972 ER PT J AU Fries, GF Paustenbach, DJ Mather, DB Luksemburg, WJ AF Fries, GF Paustenbach, DJ Mather, DB Luksemburg, WJ TI A congener specific evaluation of transfer of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans to milk of cows following ingestion of pentachlorophenol-treated wood SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LACTATING COW; MASS BALANCE; FURANS; BEEF AB Pentachlorophenol (PCP) treated wood has been hypothesized as an important source of dioxins in milk and beef. This phase of studies to evaluate the hypothesis involved the administration of PCP-treated wood to cows and measurement of the transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF) to milk. The 3 g/day dose of ground wood was administered to four cows for 56 days. This dose provided a PCP intake of 4.8 mg/day a nd PCDD/F intakes in the range of 0.3 mu g/d ay for 2,3,7,8-TCDD to 17 000 mu g/day for 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-OCDO. Steady state with respect to excretion in milk was reached because concentrations of PCDD/Fs in milk fat were reasonably constant from day 28 through day 56. The PCDFs without chlorine in the 4 and 6 positions were metabolized and not transported to milk. The other PCDFs and all PCDDs had intake adjusted concentrations in milk that were inverse to the number of chlorines. Variations among cows in concentrations of specific congeners were small and were not related to body weight, dry matter intake, or production of milk and milk fat. The transfer coefficients calculated for the PCDD/Fs in this study provide tools for reducing uncertainty in risk assessments. C1 USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Alta Analyt Lab, El Dorado Hills, CA 95762 USA. RP Fries, GF (reprint author), USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 28 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1165 EP 1170 DI 10.1021/es981153d PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 190QC UT WOS:000079974600003 ER PT J AU Green, TR Sivapalan, M AF Green, TR Sivapalan, M TI Introduction to the special issue of Hydrological Processes - Process interactions in the environment SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Green, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RI Sivapalan, Murugesu/A-3538-2008; Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011 OI Sivapalan, Murugesu/0000-0003-3004-3530; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 BP 632 EP 632 PG 1 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 184PZ UT WOS:000079622700001 ER PT J AU Green, TR Beavis, SG Dietrich, CR Jakeman, AJ AF Green, TR Beavis, SG Dietrich, CR Jakeman, AJ TI Relating stream-bank erosion to in-stream transport of suspended sediment SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE stream bank erosion; suspended sediment; advective transport; stream flow; deposition; resuspension ID RIVER; AUSTRALIA; CATCHMENT AB We seek an improved and quantitative understanding of the sources and transport of sediment and attached phosphorus in upland catchments and downstream reaches of the Namoi River in New South Wales, Australia. Study of the sources of phosphorus and related sediment was motivated by severe problems with blooms of blue-green algae and toxic by-products in the Darling and Namoi Rivers. Using atmospheric fall-out of radionuclides as tracers, Olley et al. (1996) concluded that much of the sediment deposited in the lower reaches came from subsoil rather than topsoil. With this insight, we focus on quantifying sediment sources from stream bank erosion, especially in seasonally erosional reaches of Cox's Creek and the Mooki River. The approach presented here integrates interdecadal aerial photography, interseasonal field measurements of bank erosion processes, continuous monitoring of stream flow and turbidity and event sampling of suspended solids and phosphorus, with an analytical model of in-stream suspended sediment transport. We compare a lateral source term in the calibrated transport model with field-based and aerial measurements of stream bank erosion. Calibration of the in-stream model is illustrated for two reaches of the Mooki River, with the changes in parameter values being related to aspects of the hydraulic geometry and particle size. The processes of stream flow and bank erosion due to undercutting, desiccation, block failure and mass wasting of aggregated particles interact to produce instream fluxes of suspended sediment that are transported and redeposited downstream. The combined approach demonstrated here has potential for predictive spatial modelling of sediment concentrations and loads. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Green, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, 301 S Howes St, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RI Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011; Jakeman, Anthony/P-6786-2014 OI Jakeman, Anthony/0000-0001-5282-2215 NR 22 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 12 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 BP 777 EP 787 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19990415)13:5<777::AID-HYP780>3.0.CO;2-P PG 11 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 184PZ UT WOS:000079622700012 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP AF Dubey, JP TI Neosporosis in cattle: biology and economic impact SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 135th Annual AVMA Convention CY JUL 25-29, 1998 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND ID FLUORESCENT-ANTIBODY TEST; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; BOVINE FETAL NEOSPOROSIS; CANINUM INFECTION; DAIRY-CATTLE; SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS; ABORTION OUTBREAKS; AGGLUTINATION-TEST; HERDS; COWS C1 USDA ARS, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Bldg 1040, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 65 TC 103 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 214 IS 8 BP 1160 EP 1163 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 184WJ UT WOS:000079636500015 PM 10212674 ER PT J AU Kohn, BA AF Kohn, BA TI The changing world of marine mammal regulations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AVMA Animal Welfare Forum - Marine Mammals CY NOV 06, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Vet Med Assoc C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Kohn, BA (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, 4700 River Rd,Unit 84, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 214 IS 8 BP 1183 EP 1186 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 184WJ UT WOS:000079636500022 PM 10212679 ER PT J AU Keen, JE Rupp, GP Wittenberg, PA Walker, RE AF Keen, JE Rupp, GP Wittenberg, PA Walker, RE TI Breeding soundness examination of North American bison bulls SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Breeding soundness examinations were performed on two hundred and thirty-four 28- to 30-month-old bison bulls at Custer State Park from 1993 through 1997. Scrotal circumference (SC) was significantly associated with body weight, percentage of normal spermatozoa, percentage of primary spermatozoal defects, and percentage of motile spermatozoa. Larger SC was associated with increased odds of semen collection, satifsactory motility (greater than or equal to 30% motile spermatozoa), satisfactory morphology (greater than or equal to 70% normal spermatozoa), and simultaneous satisfactory motility and morphology. The optimal SC most predictive of simultaneous satisfactory spermatozoal motility and morphology was 29 cm. Only 36.2% of the bison bulls had a SC greater than or equal to 29 cm and satisfactory motility and morphology. We recommend use of 30% motility, 70% normal spermatozoal morphology, and 29 cm SC as minimal satisfactory measurements for BSE of 28- to 30-month old bison bulls that have been raised on a forage-based diet. C1 USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. Univ Nebraska, Great Plains Vet Educ Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. Fall River Vet Clin, Hot Springs, SD 57747 USA. Custer State Pk, Custer, SD 57730 USA. RP Keen, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 214 IS 8 BP 1212 EP + PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 184WJ UT WOS:000079636500029 PM 10212686 ER PT J AU Sinclair, TR Cassman, KG AF Sinclair, TR Cassman, KG TI Green revolution still too green SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Sinclair, TR (reprint author), Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 2 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 398 IS 6728 BP 556 EP 556 DI 10.1038/19182 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 186WX UT WOS:000079754700027 ER PT J AU Holcomb, C Lacey, PL McCoy, TW Stancil, MA Benson, JA Cobb, LL Ray, ML Park, MM Franko, EA Scarborough, MF Blake, PA Simons, MM Dauphinais, L Vukelic, PJ Kruger, KJ Shireley, LA Gregos, E Friedman, M Richey, N Hammond, R Monroe, T Cheek, J AF Holcomb, C Lacey, PL McCoy, TW Stancil, MA Benson, JA Cobb, LL Ray, ML Park, MM Franko, EA Scarborough, MF Blake, PA Simons, MM Dauphinais, L Vukelic, PJ Kruger, KJ Shireley, LA Gregos, E Friedman, M Richey, N Hammond, R Monroe, T Cheek, J TI Outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness of unknown etiology associated with eating burritos - United States, October 1997 October 1998 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 48, pg 210-213, 1999) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 Hall Cty Hlth Dept, Hall Cty Environm Hlth, Gainesville, GA 30503 USA. Geprgia Dept Human Resources, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30334 USA. Aberdeen Area Indian Hlth Serv, Rapid City, SD USA. N Dakota Dept Hlth, Bismarck, ND USA. Hillsborough Cty Dept Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Environm Epidemiol, Tallahassee, FL USA. Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Topeka, KS USA. Indian Hlth Serv Headquarters, Albuquerque, NM USA. US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. US FDA, Off Reg Operat, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, USDA, Washington, DC USA. CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Hlth Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Foodborne & Diarrheal Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Holcomb, C (reprint author), Hall Cty Hlth Dept, Hall Cty Environm Hlth, Gainesville, GA 30503 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 14 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 14 BP 1263 EP 1264 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 184TC UT WOS:000079628700012 ER PT J AU Strawford, A Barbieri, T Van Loan, M Parks, E Catlin, D Barton, N Neese, R Christiansen, M King, J Hellerstein, MK AF Strawford, A Barbieri, T Van Loan, M Parks, E Catlin, D Barton, N Neese, R Christiansen, M King, J Hellerstein, MK TI Resistance exercise and supraphysiologic androgen therapy in eugonadal men with HIV-related weight loss - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DENOVO HEPATIC LIPOGENESIS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; HUMAN GROWTH-HORMONE; DE-NOVO LIPOGENESIS; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; MEGESTROL-ACETATE; BODY-COMPOSITION; SHORT-TERM; AIDS AB Context Repletion of lean body mass (LBM) that patients lose in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has proved difficult. in healthy, HIV-seronegative men, synergy between progressive resistance exercise (PRE) and very high-dose testosterone therapy has been reported for gains in LBM and muscle strength. Objective To determine whether a moderately supraphysiologic androgen regimen, including an anabolic steroid, would improve LBM and strength gains of PRE in HIV-infected men with prior weight loss and whether protease inhibitor antiretroviral therapy prevents lean tissue anabolism. Design Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial; post hoc analysis for effect of HIV-protease inhibitor therapy conducted from January to October 1997. Setting Referral center in San Francisco, Calif. Patients Volunteer sample of 24 eugonadal men with HIV-associated weightless (mean, 9% body weight loss), recruited from an AIDS clinic and by referral and by advertisement. Intervention For 8 weeks, all subjects received supervised PRE with physiologic intramuscular testosterone replacement (100 mg/wk) to suppress endogenous testosterone production. Randomization was between an anabolic steroid, oxandrolone, 20 mg/d, and placebo. Main Outcome Measures Lean body mass, nitrogen balance (10-day metabolic ward measurements), body weight, muscle strength, and androgen status. Results Twenty-two subjects completed the study (11 per group). Both groups showed significant nitrogen retention and increases in LBM, weight, and strength. The mean (SD) gains were significantly greater in the oxandrolone group than in the placebo group (5.6 [2.1] vs 3.8 [1.8] g of nitrogen per day [P = .05]; 6.9[1.7] vs 3.8 [2.9] kg of LBM [P = .005]; greater strength gains for various upper and lower body muscle groups by maximum weight lifted CP = .02-.05] and dynamometry [P = .01 -.05]). The mean (SD) high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level declined 0.25 (0.14) mmol/L (9.8 [5.4] mg/dL) significantly in the oxandrolone group (P < .001 compared with placebo). Results were similar whether or not patients were taking protease inhibitors. One subject in the oxandrolone group discontinued the study because of elevated liver function test results. Conclusions A moderately supraphysiologic androgen regimen that included an anabolic steroid, oxandrolone, substantially increased the lean tissue accrual and strength gains from PRE, compared with physiologic testosterone replacement alone, in eugonadal men with HIV-associated weight loss. Protease inhibitors did not prevent lean tissue anabolism. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Human Nutr Unit, London WC1, England. Biotechnol Gen Corp, Iselin, NJ USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Hellerstein, MK (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM march@nature.berkeley.edu OI Parks, Elizabeth/0000-0001-5681-1097 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-40995] NR 41 TC 130 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 14 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 14 BP 1282 EP 1290 DI 10.1001/jama.281.14.1282 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 184TC UT WOS:000079628700032 PM 10208143 ER PT J AU Mahlberg, R Niemi, HEM Denes, FS Rowell, RM AF Mahlberg, R Niemi, HEM Denes, FS Rowell, RM TI Application of AFM on the adhesion studies of oxygen-plasma-treated polypropylene and lignocellulosics SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; POLYPYRROLE FILM; SURFACE; POLYETHYLENE; POLYMERS; TOPOGRAPHY; MORPHOLOGY AB Atomic force microscopy was used to study the surfaces of oxygen-plasma-treated polypropylene (PP), kraft pulp, filter paper, and wood. The effect of plasma treatment on the adhesion properties between PP film and wood was evaluated by means of a peel test. The highest adhesion to wood resulted from the shortest treatment times used. The effects of plasma on the adhesion properties were more pronounced when both the PP film and the wood surface were treated. Oxygen plasma caused changes in the morphology of the materials: the treated PP surface was covered by a nodular structure, which was not seen on the untreated film. A similar nodular structure was also seen on the lignocellulosic materials. These nodules seemed to have poor interaction with the PP surface, resulting in a weak interface between the plastic film and wood. C1 Helsinki Univ Technol, Lab Phys, FIN-02015 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Wisconsin, Engn Res Ctr Plasma Aided Mfg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 28 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD APR 13 PY 1999 VL 15 IS 8 BP 2985 EP 2992 DI 10.1021/la980139b PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 187FF UT WOS:000079775700054 ER PT J AU Healy, WM Lewis, AM Boose, EF AF Healy, WM Lewis, AM Boose, EF TI Variation of red oak acorn production SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE annual masting; individual masting; seed; management; Quercus rubra ID EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; MAST; MICE AB Acorn production is characterized by extreme variation among years and among individual trees. The size of acorn crops affects many components of the ecosystem, and both annual and individual variation in acorn production influence the regeneration and management of oak forests. In order to assess the variation within a stand, we sampled the acorn production of 120 red oaks (Subgenus Erythrobalanus) for 11 years. Half of the trees were treated by thinning 2 years before the study began, and half were unthinned controls. Trees in the thinned part of the stand produced more acorns per tree than those in the unthinned area, but the treatment effect was small in comparison with individual and annual variation. Differences in acorn production between the most productive and least productive individual trees were about 11-fold for thinned and 28-fold for unthinned trees. The largest yearly acorn collection exceeded the smallest by 135 times for the thinned treatment and by 109 times for the unthinned treatment. The two best years (1991, 1993) accounted for 55% of the total 11-year acorn collection, while the five poorest years provided only 10% of the total collection, suggesting that efforts to enhance regeneration should coincide with mast years. Thinned and unthinned sample populations exhibited synchronous masting patterns, and good and poor producers within each population also exhibited year-to-year synchrony in acorn production. There was no evidence of cyclic acorn production by this population. Half of the total acorn collection was produced by about one-third of the trees. On average, we were able to identify 87% of the better-than-average acorn producers by monitoring individual tree production for any three consecutive years. This method of identifying superior acorn producers is effective and conceptually simple but it requires at least 3 years to implement. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Massachusetts, USDA ARS, NE Forest Expt Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Healy, WM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, USDA ARS, NE Forest Expt Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 21 TC 53 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD APR 12 PY 1999 VL 116 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00460-5 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 178ZV UT WOS:000079299800001 ER PT J AU Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP AF Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP TI Determination of the activity of pyrimethamine, trimethoprim, sulfonamides, and combinations of pyrimethamine and sulfonamides against Sarcocystis neurona in cell cultures SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE equine protozoal myeloencephalitis; Sarcocystis neurona; pyrimethamine; trimethoprim; sulfachloropyridazine; sulfadiazine; sulfadimethoxine; sulfamethoxazole; sulfamethazine; sulfathiazole; treatment ID EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; NEOSPORA-CANINUM TACHYZOITES; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; RESISTANT; HORSES AB Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a neurologic syndrome in horses from the Americas and is usually caused by infection with the apicomplexan parasite, Sarcocystis neurona. The activities of pyrimethamine, trimethoprim, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethazine, and sulfathiazole were examined against developing S. neurona merozoites in bovine turbinate cell cultures. A microtiter plate host cell lesion based assay was used to determine the effects of agents on developing merozoites. A cell culture flask assay was used to determine if selective concentrations of the agents killed or only inhibited development of S. neurona. Pyrimethamine was coccidiocidal at 1.0 mu g/ml and trimethoprim was coccidiocidal at 5.0 mu g/ml. None of the sulfonamides had activity when used alone at 50.0 or 100.0 mu g/ml. Combinations of sulfonamides (5.0 or 10.0 mu g/ml) with 0.1 mu g/ml pyrimethamine demonstrated improved activity. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. ARS, USDA, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lindsay, DS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, 1410 Prices Fork Rd, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 15 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD APR 12 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 205 EP 210 DI 10.1016/S0304-4017(99)00020-5 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 196VB UT WOS:000080327300003 PM 10348099 ER PT J AU Saumell, CA Padilha, T Santos, C de Roque, P de Roque, MVC AF Saumell, CA Padilha, T Santos, C de Roque, P de Roque, MVC TI Nematophagous fungi in fresh feces of cattle in the Mata region of Minas Gerais state, Brazil SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; nematophagous fungi; nematode parasites; ruminants ID FREE-LIVING STAGES; NEMATODE PARASITES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SHEEP AB The capacity to survive gut passage is one of the desirable characteristics for nematophagous fungi to be considered potential biological control agents of gastrointestinal nematodes of livestock. From April 1995 to April 1996, a pool of 10 cow fecal samples and 10 individual samples of feces from heifers, which were raised under partial (cows) or total (heifers) confinement in the Mata Region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, were examined monthly for the presence of nematophagous fungi. A total of 10 isolates was found in the survey. Fight isolates were recovered from the pooled samples of cow feces and two from the individual samples of heifers. Fungi were present in the cow feces during the dry months of August (two isolates of Arthrobotrys oligospora and one Monacrosporium eudermatum) and September tone isolate of Harposporium lilliputanum and (one of M. gephyropagum). Fungi were also recovered at the beginning and middle of the rainy season: one isolate of A. musiformis in October, and one isolate of M. gampsosporum and one unidentified fungus which produced septate hyphae and adhesive buds in December. In the individual samples collected from heifers, fungi were present only in the months of September (end of dry season) and March (end of rainy season). One isolate each of H. lilliputanum and A. oligospora were found, respectively. Additional studies to further characterize these isolates should be encouraged. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 EMBRAPA, Ctr Nacl Pesquisa de Gado de Leite, BR-36038330 Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil. RP Padilha, T (reprint author), ARS, USDA, EMBRAPA LABEX Project, LPSI,IDRL, Barc E,Bldg 1040,Room 105, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD APR 12 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 3 BP 217 EP 220 DI 10.1016/S0304-4017(99)00022-9 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 196VB UT WOS:000080327300005 PM 10348101 ER PT J AU Schnell, RJ Goenaga, R Olano, CT AF Schnell, RJ Goenaga, R Olano, CT TI Genetic similarities among cocoyam cultivars based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Xanthosoma; Colocasia; cocoyam; tanier; taro; genetic diversity; RAPD; PCR; molecular markers ID NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; XANTHOSOMA; GERMPLASM; GROWTH; YIELD AB Eighteen cultivars of cocoyam (Xanthosoma spp.) and two cultivars of tare (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) from the USDA/ARS germplasm collection were evaluated for genetic relatedness using RAPD data. Seven random primers generated 40 RAPD loci. Of the 18 cultivars screened, ii (61%) were identical at all RAPD loci evaluated. A similarity matrix was constructed on the basis of the presence or absence of bands. Among cocoyam cultivars the genetic similarity ranged from 0.86 to 0.97 with a mean of 0.91. Cluster analysis identified two main clusters with some unexpected groupings. These data indicate that very little genetic variation exists within the accessions used in this study and that this Xanthosoma spp. collection is of limited value as a genetic resource. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Schnell, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Repository, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD APR 9 PY 1999 VL 80 IS 3-4 BP 267 EP 276 DI 10.1016/S0304-4238(98)00247-7 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 171UW UT WOS:000078883300013 ER PT J AU Russell, JB Diez-Gonzalez, F AF Russell, JB Diez-Gonzalez, F TI Cattle, hay, and E-coli - Response SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Cornell Univ, Div Biol, Microbiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Russell, JB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Div Biol, Microbiol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 2 PY 1999 VL 284 IS 5411 BP 52 EP 53 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182QE UT WOS:000079509000022 ER PT J AU Pratt, PD Croft, BA AF Pratt, PD Croft, BA TI Expanded distribution of the bamboo spider mite, Schizotetranychus longus (Acari : Tetranychidae), and predation by Neoseiulus fallacis (Acari : Phytoseiidae) SO ACAROLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Schizotetranychus longus; Neoseiulus fallacis; bamboo; ornamental ID OREGON; PREY AB Schizotetranychus longus Saito is a common pest of bamboo in Japan. We report its new occurrence in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, on bamboo. We assessed the ability of adult females of Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman), a native predaceous mite, to invade S. longus nests after construction times of 5 or 10 days. Frequency of predators in nests decreased from 5 to 10 days, although the predator laid most of its eggs in nests irrespective of construction time. In choice tests, spider mile webbing was more attractive to A! fallacis than eggs, but similar to feces. Predators searched more in proximity to feces than eggs, but resting sites were equally common near both. Survival, activity and reproduction of N. fallacis when given ex:cess of mixed life stages of S. longus, Tetranychus urticae Koch, pollen of Tulipa gesneriana L. or Pseudotsuga menzesii (Mirbel), or no food were measured by holding single adult female N; fallacis for 7 days. Survival, activity, oviposition and immature production of predators were alike for both spider mites, but lower (or higher activity) with pollens or when starved. To see if IV; fallacis would suppress S. longus under normal growing conditions, predators were added to infested Sasaella hidaensis (Makino and Uchida) var. 'Murai' plants, and mites were monitored thereafter for 5 weeks. N: fallacis significantly reduced levels of S. longus and the rates that it infested bamboo leaves; it nearly eliminated S. longus from plants at the end of the test. C1 ARS, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 3205 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAROLOGIA PI MONTPELLIER CEDEX 05 PA UNIV PAUL VALERY, SERVICE DES PUBLICATIONS, ROUTE DE MENDE, 34199 MONTPELLIER CEDEX 05, FRANCE SN 0044-586X J9 ACAROLOGIA JI Acarologia PD APR PY 1999 VL 40 IS 2 BP 191 EP 197 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 294EB UT WOS:000085897400012 ER PT J AU Kong, XY Ge, CM Jia, JZ Dong, YS Wang, RRC AF Kong, XY Ge, CM Jia, JZ Dong, YS Wang, RRC TI RAPD analysis of phylogeny for five basic genomes in Aegilops SO ACTA BOTANICA SINICA LA Chinese DT Article DE Aegilops; genome; RAPD; phylogeny ID TRITICUM; POLYMORPHISM; CHROMOSOMES; SEQUENCES AB Twenty-eight stable RAPD primers were screened out of 140 random primers from the groups of OPE, OFF, OPG, OPU, OPX, OPY and OPZ. Phylogenetic dendrogram was constructed based on 488 RAPD fragments stable amplified in five basic genomes of Aegilops L. and Triticum aestivum L. with the 28 primers. The results showed that genome ABD of wheat and genome S were most consanguineously grouped, genomes C and U had a relatively close relationship, and genome D was distant from all other genomes. C1 Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Minist Agr, Ket Lab Crop Germplasm & Biotechnol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Kong, XY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Minist Agr, Ket Lab Crop Germplasm & Biotechnol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0577-7496 J9 ACTA BOT SIN JI Acta Bot. Sin. PD APR PY 1999 VL 41 IS 4 BP 393 EP 397 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 225EY UT WOS:000081946500011 ER PT J AU Liu, JL Lin, SF Brunovskis, P Li, D Davidson, I Lee, LF Kung, HJ AF Liu, JL Lin, SF Brunovskis, P Li, D Davidson, I Lee, LF Kung, HJ TI MEQ and v-IL8: Cellular genes in disguise? SO ACTA VIROLOGICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Molecular Pathogenesis of Mareks Disease CY AUG 08-11, 1998 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAKIA SP FEMS, Merial Ltd, Intervet Int BV, Pfizer Inc, Fort Dodge Anim Hlth Holland, Lohmann Anim Hlth DE MDV; MEQ; IL-8; bZIP; chemokine; herpesviral oncogene ID HERPESVIRUS BZIP ONCOPROTEIN; TRANSFORMATION; GROWTH; CDNAS; CELLS; JUN AB One of the hallmarks of oncogenic viruses is their ability to subvert the growth regulation and evade immune response of the host. There are a number of tricks devised by various virus families. Oncogenic herpesviruses often accomplish this by encoding homologs of cellular genes involved in these functions. These viral homologs sometimes are hyperactive forms of their cellular counterparts, which function to overtake the cellular pathways, other times serve as decoys to mask the cellular functions. Marek's disease virus (MDV) carries at least two genes in that category. We have previously described Meg protein (MEQ gene product), a transcriptional factor with homology to proto-oncogenes Jun and Fos in the bZIP domain. Meq dimerizes with Jun or Fos and the Meq/Jun heterodimer is able to transactivate promoters with AP-1 site. We show here that Meg and Jun colocalize in living cells, adding to the physiological significance of the dimer formation. In addition, we present data to show that Meg and Jun can functionally complement each other in cis and in trans, using transformation and transactivation assays. Finally we describe the discovery of an ng chemokine homolog, designated as v-IL8 (viral IL8) in the MDV genome and discuss its possible function in MDV infection. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. Kimron Vet Inst, Dept Avian Dis, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Kung, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Canc, Res Bldg,Rm 2400B,4501 X St, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RI Kung, Hsing-Jien/C-7651-2013; Lin, Su-Fang/B-2666-2010 NR 19 TC 56 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLOVAK ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI BRATISLAVA PA PO BOX 57 NAM SLOBODY 6, 810 05 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0001-723X J9 ACTA VIROL JI Acta Virol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 94 EP 101 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 214NF UT WOS:000081333500005 PM 10696427 ER PT J AU Holland, MS Silva, RF AF Holland, MS Silva, RF TI Tissue-specific restriction of latent turkey HVT transcription SO ACTA VIROLOGICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Molecular Pathogenesis of Mareks Disease CY AUG 08-11, 1998 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAKIA SP FEMS, Merial Ltd, Intervet Int BV, Pfizer Inc, Fort Dodge Anim Hlth Holland, Lohmann Anim Hlth DE HVT; latency; transcription; tissue tropism ID SIMPLEX VIRUS LATENCY; MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA; INFECTED LYMPHOCYTES; GENE-EXPRESSION; NEURONS INVITRO; HERPESVIRUS; TYPE-1; CELLS; RNA AB Using in situ hybridization, latent turkey herpesvirus (HVT) transcription was examined in lymphoid and/or nonlymphoid tissues. Blood samples were taken for virus isolation from chickens at 7 and 240 days post infection (PT) representing time points for productive and latent turkey herpesvirus infections, respectively. Spleen, thymus, sciatic and brachial nerves from infected chickens were analyzed for latent HVT transcription and HVT glycoprotein B (gB) expression at 240 days PI. Using indirect immunofluorescence, HVT gB expression was not detected in any tissues examined at 240 days PI. HVT genomic fragments from a HVT BamHI library were used as probes in in situ hybridization assays, In the spleen, thymus, sciatic and brachial nerves, latent HVT transcription occurred from the repeat regions flanking the unique long region (TRL and IRL). However fine-mapping of this region revealed a difference in latent HVT transcriptional pattern. A SmaI map of the HVT BamHI-F fragment was made to further fine-map latent HVT transcription. A 1.6 kbp SmaI subfragment hybridized to cells infected with latent HVT in the spleen and thymus. However, the 1.6 kbp SmaI subfragment did not hybridize to cells of the brachial or sciatic nerves. In addition, a 2.0 kbp SmaI subfragment hybridized to cells in the thymus but not in the spleen, sciatic or brachial nerves. The above results suggest that latent turkey herpesvirus exhibits tissue-specific transcription. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Holland, MS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathol, A529 E Fee Hall, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLOVAK ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI BRATISLAVA PA PO BOX 57 NAM SLOBODY 6, 810 05 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0001-723X J9 ACTA VIROL JI Acta Virol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 148 EP 151 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 214NF UT WOS:000081333500014 PM 10696436 ER PT J AU Wu, P Reed, WM Yoshida, S Sui, D Lee, LF AF Wu, P Reed, WM Yoshida, S Sui, D Lee, LF TI Identification and characterization of glycoprotein H of MDV-1 GA strain SO ACTA VIROLOGICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Molecular Pathogenesis of Mareks Disease CY AUG 08-11, 1998 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAKIA SP FEMS, Merial Ltd, Intervet Int BV, Pfizer Inc, Fort Dodge Anim Hlth Holland, Lohmann Anim Hlth DE MDV; HSV; glycoprotein H; DNA; protein sequence ID SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE-1; MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS; EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; COMPLETE DNA-SEQUENCE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; GH GENE; HERPESVIRUS; GENOME AB A 2439 bp open reading frame (ORF) was identified from the DNA sequence of BamHI-F and -K2 fragments of Marek's disease virus of serotype 1 (MDV-1) GA strain, which predicts an 813 amino acid polypeptide. This peptide is homologous to HSV-1 gH, and has typical glycoprotein features. There are nine potential N-linked glycosylation sites within the extracellular domain. A fragment of the gH ORF was cloned into pGEX vector in frame with glutathione S-transferase (GST) to produce a GST-gH fusion protein in Escherichia coli. The GST-gH fusion protein was used to develop gH monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Expression of gH was detected in duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) infected with MDV- 1 GA strain by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with these antibodies. Virus neutralization and plaque-forming inhibition analyses were conducted with the gH antiserum. There were no neutralization and plaque-forming inhibition activities of gH antiserum. Comparison of the DNA sequence of gH gene between GA and RE 1B strains of MDV-1 revealed major difference in the upstream control elements of gH ORF. C1 USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Jichi Med Sch, Minami Kawachi, Tochigi 32904, Japan. RP Lee, LF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM Leelu@pilot.msu.edu NR 31 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEPRESS SRO PI BRATISLAVA PA BAJZOVA 7, BRATISLAVA, 821 08, SLOVAKIA SN 0001-723X EI 1336-2305 J9 ACTA VIROL JI Acta Virol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 152 EP 158 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 214NF UT WOS:000081333500015 PM 10696437 ER PT J AU Niikura, M Witter, RL Jang, HK Ono, M Mikami, T Silva, RF AF Niikura, M Witter, RL Jang, HK Ono, M Mikami, T Silva, RF TI MDV glycoprotein D is expressed in the feather follicle epithelium of infected chickens SO ACTA VIROLOGICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Molecular Pathogenesis of Mareks Disease CY AUG 08-11, 1998 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAKIA SP FEMS, Merial Ltd, Intervet Int BV, Pfizer Inc, Fort Dodge Anim Hlth Holland, Lohmann Anim Hlth DE Marek's disease; glycoprotein; herpesvirus; chicken; nonessential gene; replication ID MAREKS-DISEASE-VIRUS; HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; PSEUDORABIES VIRUS; DNA-SEQUENCE; GD; IDENTIFICATION; HOMOLOG; TYPE-1; GENES; CELLS AB Glycoprotein D (gD) and its homologues are essential for many alphaherpesvirus life cycles. A gene encoding a homologue of go was recently found in the Marek's disease virus (MDV) genome. Interestingly, go-negative MDV mutants apparently replicate unimpaired in both cell culture and chickens. In this study, we show the expression of the go homologue of MDV in feather follicle epithelium in infected birds. The go homologue was detected in a few feather follicles even when most of the follicles were expressing pp38 or gB, other MDV-specific proteins. These observations indicate that the MDV gD homologue is expressed in a very limited set of cells and may be differently regulated. Since feather follicle epithelium of infected birds are the only place where the infectious cell-free MDV virions can be recovered analysis of the transcriptional regulation of go may lead to the understanding of the cell-associated nature of MDV. C1 USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. Univ Tokyo, Fac Agr, Dept Vet Microbiol, Tokyo 113, Japan. RP Silva, RF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLOVAK ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI BRATISLAVA PA PO BOX 57 NAM SLOBODY 6, 810 05 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0001-723X J9 ACTA VIROL JI Acta Virol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 159 EP 163 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 214NF UT WOS:000081333500016 PM 10696438 ER PT J AU Cui, Z Qin, A Lee, LF Wu, P Kung, HJ AF Cui, Z Qin, A Lee, LF Wu, P Kung, HJ TI Construction and characterization of a H19 epitope point mutant of MDV CVI988/Rispens strain SO ACTA VIROLOGICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Molecular Pathogenesis of Mareks Disease CY AUG 08-11, 1998 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAKIA SP FEMS, Merial Ltd, Intervet Int BV, Pfizer Inc, Fort Dodge Anim Hlth Holland, Lohmann Anim Hlth DE MDV; pp38; monoclonal antibody H19; point mutant ID MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; CELLS; GENE; IDENTIFICATION; PP38; DNA AB A recombinant virus, CVI/rpp38, was developed from the Marek's disease virus (MDV) CVI988/Rispens vaccine strain. This recombinant was obtained by transfection of CV1988/Rispens-infected chich embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) with plasmid pHA25 DNA containing pp38 gene from GA strain of MDX Monoclonal antibody (MAb)H19 which reacts with pp38 from CA but not with that fi om CVI988 was used to screen for recombinant viruses in transfected cell culture plates by immunofluorescent assay (IFA). A positive plaque was isolated, propagated and purified from cell-free virus particles after sonication of infected CEFs. The mutant CVI/rpp38 was not only reactive with MAb H19 in 1FA but also in immunoprecipitation. A 38 kDa protein was immunoprecipitated from the CVI/rpp38 mutant virus but not from parental CVI988 virus. DNA sequence of the mutant virus showed a substitution of G at position 320 by A resulting in a change of an amino acid residue from arginine to glutamine. Comparison of nucleotide sequence of pp38 from strains GA, Md5 and Md11/75c/R2 and CVI988 revealed change to glutamine in this position. The result of this study provides a direct evidence for the location of the identified H19 epitope in pp38. This mutant is potentially useful to further explore the biological function of pp38 and its H19 epitope. C1 Yangzhou Univ, Dept Vet Med, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Cui, Z (reprint author), Yangzhou Univ, Dept Vet Med, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU SLOVAK ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI BRATISLAVA PA PO BOX 57 NAM SLOBODY 6, 810 05 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0001-723X J9 ACTA VIROL JI Acta Virol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 169 EP 173 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 214NF UT WOS:000081333500018 PM 10696440 ER PT J AU Reddy, SM Sui, D Wu, P Lee, L AF Reddy, SM Sui, D Wu, P Lee, L TI Identification and structural analysis of a MDV gene encoding a protein kinase SO ACTA VIROLOGICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Molecular Pathogenesis of Mareks Disease CY AUG 08-11, 1998 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAKIA SP FEMS, Merial Ltd, Intervet Int BV, Pfizer Inc, Fort Dodge Anim Hlth Holland, Lohmann Anim Hlth DE MDV; protein kinase; UL13; nucleotide sequence ID MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS; UNIQUE SHORT REGION; EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; DNA-SEQUENCE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PSEUDORABIES VIRUS; HERPESVIRUSES ENCODE; GLYCOPROTEIN-B AB DNA sequence analysis of the BamHI-C fragment of Marek's Disease Virus (MDV) reveals the presence of a 513 amino acid open reading frame (ORF). This ORF codes for a protein with an estimated M-r of 58,901. Comparison of the amino acid sequence with those available in the Swiss-Prot database indicates extensive homology with a protein kinase (PK) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). In Northern blot hybridization, a transcript of 2.0 kb was detected in MDV (GA strain) infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs). A portion of the ORF was expressed in Escherichia coli as a trpE-fusion protein and used to generate antiserum in New Zealand rabbits. This antiserum specifically detected a protein of 60 kDa in MDV serotype 1, 2 and 3 infected DEFs or chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) by Western blot analysis. This ORF codes for a functional PK. C1 USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEPRESS SRO PI BRATISLAVA PA BAJZOVA 7, BRATISLAVA, 821 08, SLOVAKIA SN 0001-723X EI 1336-2305 J9 ACTA VIROL JI Acta Virol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 174 EP 180 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 214NF UT WOS:000081333500019 PM 10696441 ER PT J AU Kustas, WP Norman, JM AF Kustas, WP Norman, JM TI Evaluation of soil and vegetation heat flux predictions using a simple two-source model with radiometric temperatures for partial canopy cover SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; row crop; surface energy balance; radiation balance ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; TRANSFER-COEFFICIENTS; VAPOR TRANSFER; ROW CROP; EVAPORATION; PLANT; AREA; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; COMPONENTS AB A two-source model developed to use radiometric temperature observations for predicting component surface energy fluxes from soil and vegetation was evaluated with data from a row crop (cotton), The total or combined heat fluxes from the soil and vegetation agreed to within 20% of the observed values, on average, Component heat flux predictions from the soil and vegetation indicated that soil evaporation was generally higher than canopy transpiration. This result contradicts an earlier study which showed that soil evaporation was similar to 1/3 of canopy transpiration rates with a significant source of sensible heat from the soil being advected to the canopy (Kustas, 1990). Moreover, the modeled derived canopy temperatures were similar to 6 K higher and soil temperatures were similar to 4 K lower than the radiometric temperature observations, in order to obtain more physically realistic soil and vegetation component heat fluxes and better agreement between the predicted and observed soil and canopy temperatures, two model parameterizations required modification. One adjustment was to the magnitude of the Priestley-Taylor coefficient alpha(PT). used in estimating canopy transpiration. The magnitude of apr was increased by approximate to 50% from its 'universal constant' alpha(PT) similar to 3 to alpha(PT) similar to 2. The other modification was to the free convective velocity, U-CV, defined as constant in the original formulation for estimating soil resistance to sensible heat Aux transfer, R-S. The new formulation is based on the recent experimental results from Kondo and Ishida (1997) who found that U-CV proportional to Delta T-1/3 when Delta T is the surface-air temperature difference. Both of these modifications are shown to be supported by observations from the literature and therefore are not considered merely model 'tuning'. Furthermore, component heat fluxes predicted by the model using canopy and soil radiometric temperature observations support the higher alpha(PT) value and new free convective formulation for estimating R-S. Two other changes to model algorithms are described which are relevant to all dual-source modeling schemes. One is replacing the commonly used Beer's law type expression for estimating the divergence of net radiation in partial canopy covered surfaces with a more physically-based algorithm, The other is a simple method to address the effects of clumped vegetation (common in row crops and sparse canopies) on radiation divergence and wind speed inside the canopy layer. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, W Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Hydrol Lab Bldg 007, W Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bkustas@hydrolab.arsusda.gov NR 52 TC 291 Z9 312 U1 10 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 1 BP 13 EP 29 DI 10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00005-2 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 189AV UT WOS:000079882700002 ER PT J AU Brown, MW AF Brown, MW TI Ecosystem approaches to managing insect pests of fruit - Papers presented at the XX International Congress of Entomology 'Ecosystem Approaches to Managing Insect Pests of Fruit' Symposium, and related poster papers, 25-31 August 1996, Firenza, Italy SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Brown, MW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD APR PY 1999 VL 73 IS 2 BP 101 EP 102 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 199LM UT WOS:000080483600001 ER PT J AU Brown, MW AF Brown, MW TI Applying principles of community ecology to pest management in orchards SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XX International Congress of Entomology - Ecosystem Approaches to Managing Insect Pests of Fruit Symposium CY AUG 25-31, 1996 CL FIRENZA, ITALY DE integrated pest management; holistic agriculture; ecological IPM; agroecosystem; orchard ID APPLE ORCHARDS; HABITAT AB Conventional agriculture expends much effort opposing ecological processes to ensure high productivity and quality harvests. An ecological approach to integrated pest management (IPM) is presented where ecological processes are used and manipulated, when required, to arrive at the same goal of high production and quality. This approach will not only be more environmentally compatible, but will require less input of energy and resources than conventional pest management. A different approach to the way IPM programs are usually developed is also presented as an alternative to compliment and enhance traditional methods. Rather than starting with a conventional agroecosystem and removing inputs it is suggested to start with a nearly natural ecosystem and gradually add inputs, only as needed. This holistic approach, in conjunction with traditional approaches, should lead to an IPM system with less input than current practices and maintain high productivity and harvest quality. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Brown, MW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD APR PY 1999 VL 73 IS 2 BP 103 EP 106 DI 10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00018-3 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 199LM UT WOS:000080483600002 ER PT J AU Rinderer, TE Delatte, GT De Guzman, LI Williams, J Stelzer, JA Kuznetsov, VN AF Rinderer, TE Delatte, GT De Guzman, LI Williams, J Stelzer, JA Kuznetsov, VN TI Evaluations of the varroa-resistance of honey bees imported from far-eastern Russia SO AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB In an earlier report (ABJ 135: 11, 746-748) we described the initiation of a project to evaluate the potential for resistance to Varroa jacobsoni by honey bees from the Primorsky Territory on Russia's Pacific coast. Apis mellifera is not native to the area, but was first moved there in the last century. At that time, pioneers from western Russia took advantage of the completion of the Trans-Siberian Railway and moved honey bees from European western Russia to the Primorsky Territory in Asian far-eastern Russia. This far-eastern area of Russia is within the natural range of Apis cerana, the original host of V. jacobsoni Thus, A. mellifera was brought into the likely range of V. jacobsoni even before the parasite was scientifically described in 1904. This probable long association of V. jacobsoni and A. mellifera in the region has engendered one of the best opportunities in the world for A. mellifera to develop genetic resistance to V. jacobsoni. C1 USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Rinderer, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. NR 0 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU DADANT & SONS INC PI HAMILTON PA AMER BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, IL 62341 USA SN 0002-7626 J9 AM BEE J JI Am. Bee J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 139 IS 4 BP 287 EP 290 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 185JR UT WOS:000079666200016 ER PT J AU Kopp-Hoolihan, LE van Loan, MD Wong, WW King, JC AF Kopp-Hoolihan, LE van Loan, MD Wong, WW King, JC TI Longitudinal assessment of energy balance in well-nourished, pregnant women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE pregnancy; energy expenditure; resting metabolic rate; diet-induced thermogenesis; body composition; women; San Francisco ID HEALTHY SWEDISH WOMEN; LABELED WATER METHOD; WHOLE-BODY CALORIMETRY; BASAL METABOLIC-RATE; RURAL GAMBIAN WOMEN; (H2O)-H-2-O-18 METHOD; DUTCH WOMEN; FAT MASS; EXPENDITURE; LACTATION AB Background: Clinicians often recommend an additional energy intake of 1250 kJ/d to their pregnant patients. Previous studies have shown considerable variation in the metabolic response to pregnancy and thus in the additional energy required to support a pregnancy. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess how well-nourished women meet the energy demands of pregnancy and to identify factors that predict an individual's metabolic response. Design: Resting metabolic rate (RMR), diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT), total energy expenditure (TEE), activity energy expenditure (AEE), energy intake (EI), and body fat mass (FM) were measured longitudinally in 10 women preconception; at 8-10, 24-26, and 34-36 wk of gestation; and 4-6 wk postpartum. Results: Compared with preconception values, individual RMRs increased from 456 to 3389 kJ/d by late pregnancy. DIT varied from -266 to 110 kJ/meal, TEE from -105 to 3421 kJ/d, AEE from -2301 to 2929 kJ/d, EI from -259 to 2176 kJ/d, and FM from a 0.6-kg loss to a 10.6-kg gain. The only prepregnant factor that predicted FM gain was RMR (r = 0.65, P < 0.05). Women with the largest cumulative increase in RMR deposited the least FM (r = -0.64, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Well-nourished women use different strategies to meet the energy demands of pregnancy, including reductions in DIT or AEE, increases in EI, and deposition of less FM than anticipated. The combination of strategies used by individual women is not wholly predictable from prepregnant indexes. The use of a single recommendation for increased energy intake in all pregnant women is not justified. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Kopp-Hoolihan, LE (reprint author), Dairy Council Calif, 80 Swan Way,Suite 210, Oakland, CA 94621 USA. EM hoolihan@dairycouncilofca.org NR 54 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD APR PY 1999 VL 69 IS 4 BP 697 EP 704 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 181GX UT WOS:000079434100016 PM 10197571 ER PT J AU Tucker, KL Hannan, MT Chen, HL Cupples, LA Wilson, PWF Kiel, DP AF Tucker, KL Hannan, MT Chen, HL Cupples, LA Wilson, PWF Kiel, DP TI Potassium, magnesium, and fruit and vegetable intakes are associated with greater bone mineral density in elderly men and women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE bone mineral density; dietary intake; magnesium; potassium; fruit; vegetables; elderly; osteoporosis; food-frequency questionnaire ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; DUAL-PHOTON ABSORPTIOMETRY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CONTROLLED TRIAL; TRABECULAR BONE; DIETARY-INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; ENERGY-INTAKE AB Background: Osteoporosis and related fractures will be growing public health problems as the population ages. It is therefore of great importance to identify modifiable risk factors. Objective: We investigated associations between dietary components contributing to an alkaline environment (dietary potassium, magnesium, and fruit and vegetables) and bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly subjects. Design: Dietary intake measures were associated with both cross-sectional (baseline) and 4-y longitudinal change in BMD among surviving members of the original cohort of the Framingham Heart Study. Dietary and supplement intakes were assessed by food-frequency questionnaire, and BMD was measured at 3 hip sites and 1 forearm site. Results: Greater potassium intake was significantly associated with greater BMD at all 4 sites for men and at 3 sites for women (P < 0.05). Magnesium intake was associated with greater BMD at one hip site for both men and women and in the forearm for men. Fruit and vegetable intake was associated with BMD at 3 sites for men and 2 for women. Greater intakes of potassium and magnesium were also each associated with less decline in BMD at 2 hip sites, and greater fruit and vegetable intake was associated with less decline at 1 hip site, in men. There were no significant associations between baseline diet and subsequent bone loss in women. Conclusion: These results support the hypothesis that alkaline-producing dietary components, specifically, potassium, magnesium, and fruit and vegetables, contribute to maintenance of BMD. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Aging, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Hebrew Rehabil Ctr Aged, Boston, MA 02131 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Kiel, Douglas/0000-0001-8474-0310; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X; Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC-38038]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR/AG 41398] NR 55 TC 356 Z9 364 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD APR PY 1999 VL 69 IS 4 BP 727 EP 736 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 181GX UT WOS:000079434100020 PM 10197575 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, TA Horst, RL AF Reinhardt, TA Horst, RL TI Ca2+-ATPases and their expression in the mammary gland of pregnant and lactating rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE breast; calcium pumps; lactation; plasma membrane calcium-adenosinetriphosphatase; sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum calcium-adenosinetriphosphatase ID MEMBRANE CALCIUM-PUMP; YEAST SECRETORY PATHWAY; MESSENGER-RNA; CA2+ PUMP; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; GOLGI; RETICULUM; ISOFORMS; TRANSPORT; PROTEIN AB The transcellular Ca2+ fluxes required for milk production must be rigorously regulated to maintain the low cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations critical to cell function. Ca2+-ATPases play a critical role in the maintenance of this cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Using RT-PCR and sequencing, we identified six Ca2+ pumps in lactating mammary tissue. Three plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases (PMCAs) were found (PMCA1b, PMCA2b, and PMCA4b). Two sarco (endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases (SERCAs) were identified (SERCA2 and SERCA3), and the rat homologue to the yeast Golgi Ca2+-ATPase RS-10 was also found. The pattern of mRNA expression of each of these pumps was examined in rat mammary tissue from the 7th day of pregnancy to the 21st day of lactation. Northern blots revealed increased mRNA expression for all Ca2+ pumps by the 14th day of lactation and transcripts continued to increase through the 18th day of lactation. PMCA1b, PMCA4b, SERCA2, and SERCA3 showed the lowest levels of expression. RS-10 transcripts were more abundant than SERCA2, SERCA3, PMCA1b, and PMCA4b. RS-10 was the only pump to increase in expression before parturition. PMCA2b was the most abundant transcript found in lactating mammary tissue. At peak lactation, expression of PMCA2b approached that of actin. The high expression, high affinity for Ca2+, and high activity at low calmodulin concentrations exhibited by PMCA2b suggest that it is uniquely suited for maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis in the lactating mammary gland. The pattern of expression and abundance of RS-10 suggest that it is a candidate far the Golgi Ca2+-ATPase shown to be important in maintaining the Golgi Ca2+ concentration required for casein synthesis and micelle formation. C1 USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Metab Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Reinhardt, TA (reprint author), USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Metab Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM treinhar@nadc.ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 46 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 276 IS 4 BP C796 EP C802 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 184UT UT WOS:000079632700004 PM 10199809 ER PT J AU Fleet, JC Wood, RJ AF Fleet, JC Wood, RJ TI Specific 1,25(OH)(2)D-3-mediated regulation of transcellular calcium transport in Caco-2 cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trifluoperazine; 24-hydroxylase; calbindin D-9k ID BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE; MESSENGER-RNA; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; CALMODULIN-BINDING; LINE CACO-2; IN-VITRO; ABSORPTION; EXPRESSION; 1,25-DIHYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL; DIFFERENTIATION AB Calcium transport in the apical-to-basolateral (A-to-B) or B-to-A direction was examined in cells treated with 10 nM 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 [1,25(OH)(2)D-3, calcitriol] for up to 72 h. Net A-to-B calcium transport was positive at all time points and increased from 0.14 +/- 0.06 to 0.50 +/- 0.01 nmol.well(-1).min(-1) after 72 h of calcitriol treatment. Neither phenol red transport nor transepithelial electrical resistance was altered by calcitriol treatment, suggesting that the increase in net A-to-B calcium transport was not due to paracellular movement. Neither 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 nor 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (100 nM, 48 h) alters basal or calcitriol-stimulated A-to-B calcium transport. Treatment with the calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine (50 mu M) reduced calcitriol-stimulated A-to-B Ca transport by 56%. The transcription inhibitor actinomycin D inhibited calcitriol-regulated A-to-B calcium transport as well as calbindin D-9k, and 24-hydroxylase mRNA accumulation. These data demonstrate that calcitriol-mediated A-to-B calcium transport in Caco-2 cells is aspecific, transcellular process that requires transcriptional events normally mediated through the vitamin D receptor. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr & Foodserv Syst, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Mineral Bioavailabil Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fleet, JC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr & Foodserv Syst, POB 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. EM jim_fleet@uncg.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK054111, R01 DK054111-03, R01-DK-54111] NR 37 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 276 IS 4 BP G958 EP G964 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 184UL UT WOS:000079632100022 PM 10198340 ER PT J AU Miller, LA Johns, BE Elias, DJ Killian, GJ AF Miller, LA Johns, BE Elias, DJ Killian, GJ TI Oral vaccination of white-tailed deer using a recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine expressing the Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A: Prospects for immunocontraception SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; Odocoileus virginianus; rBCG ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CONTRACEPTION; EFFICACY; BCG AB PROBLEM: Reduction of excess numbers of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is a prime example of a potential use for immunocontraception as a means of wildlife population management. Oral vaccination appears to be the most pragmatic way to deliver immunocontraceptive vaccines to free-roaming populations of deer, but there was little, if any, prior evidence that oral vaccination is a viable concept in deer. METHOD OF STUDY: We used live Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in a recombinant form (rBCG), which expressed Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A, to test whether deer vaccinated orally with a specific antigen expressed in a live vector produce detectable antibody titers. RESULTS: The data indicate that oral vaccination of deer with an expressed antigen is feasible, as demonstrated by peak antibody titers to the expressed antigen. Also, peak titers measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were highest in orally vaccinated deer: 1600 in deer vaccinated by injection and 6400 in those vaccinated orally. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that it is feasible to vaccinate deer orally with a live vector. C1 USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Miller, LA (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 1716 Heath Pkwy, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 8755-8920 J9 AM J REPROD IMMUNOL JI Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 41 IS 4 BP 279 EP 285 PG 7 WC Immunology; Reproductive Biology SC Immunology; Reproductive Biology GA 197MD UT WOS:000080367800008 PM 10374705 ER PT J AU Wesley, RD Mengeling, WL Leger, KM Vorwald, AC Roof, MB AF Wesley, RD Mengeling, WL Leger, KM Vorwald, AC Roof, MB TI Evidence for divergence of restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns following in vivo replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SYNDROME PRRS VIRUS; LELYSTAD-VIRUS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; FIELD STRAINS; PROTEINS; DISEASE; PIGS; RNA AB Objective-To determine stability of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome vaccine virus and patterns of other viral strains as they replicate in pigs. Sample Population-Field samples of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and samples from 2 weaned pigs, 2 nursery-age pigs, and 5 gilts experimentally infected with PRRSV. Procedure-PRRSV was isolated from field samples, experimentally infected pigs, or pigs that were in contact with experimentally infected pigs. For each virus, RNA was isolated from infected cells, and RFLP patterns were determined. Results-61% of field samples had 2-5-2 RFLP patterns characteristic of the vaccine virus, 32%.had field virus RFLP patterns, and 7% had intermediate RFLP patterns that indicated a virus with a close relationship to the vaccine virus. Viruses isolated from experimentally infected pigs had no change in RFLP patterns after up to 13 weeks of in vivo replication and transmission to contact pigs. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-RFLP patterns distinguish the vaccine and field strains of PRRSV; however, as the vaccine virus spreads among a swine population, the RFLP pattern can change to a related intermediate pattern. A glycine at residue 151 of open reading frame 5 is another marker for the vaccine virus; this glycine is rapidly lost and eventually replaced with arginine as the vaccine virus replicates in pigs. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virol Swine Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NOBL Labs Inc, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Wesley, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virol Swine Res Unit, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 21 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 4 BP 463 EP 467 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 186PU UT WOS:000079738800016 PM 10211690 ER PT J AU Karl, MG Heitschmidt, RK Haferkamp, MR AF Karl, MG Heitschmidt, RK Haferkamp, MR TI Vegetation biomass dynamics and patterns of sexual reproduction in a northern mixed-grass prairie SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID BLUE GRAMA SEEDLINGS; BUNCHGRASS BOUTELOUA-GRACILIS; ADVENTITIOUS ROOT DEVELOPMENT; JAPANESE BROME SEED; GREAT-PLAINS; TEMPERATURE; GERMINATION; ESTABLISHMENT; REQUIREMENTS; TECTORUM AB The sustainability of natural grasslands is in large part dependent upon the successful ingress and propagation of alien plant species. We attempted to characterize the propagation potential of the dominant plant species of a southeastern Montana mixed-grass prairie community including two introduced grasses, Bromus japonicus and B. tectorum. Aboveground standing crops and densities of seeds were estimated on 10 dates between September 1991 and August 1993 and seedling densities were estimated on 21 dates between September 1991 and July 1993. Total aboveground standing crop ranged from about 110 to 340 g m(-2) and was dominated by three grasses: Bouteloua gracilis, a warm-season, perennial; Pascopyrum smithii, a fool-season, perennial; and B. japonicus, a cool-season, annual grass. Seed production was dominated by B. japonicus (similar to 10,400 seeds m(-2)). Bouteloua gracilis and P. smithii seed production was negligible with maximum densities of about 120 and 25 seeds m(-2), respectively. Density of seedlings was greatest for B. japonicus (similar to 2100 seedlings m(-2)), Festuca octoflora (similar to 1100 seedlings m(-2)), and Plantago patagonica (similar to 350 seedlings m(-2)). Maximum number of B. gracilis seedlings was 25 m(-2). No P. smithii seedlings were observed during the study. Temporal differences in seedling densities were closely tied to late summer-early fall precipitation patterns. Although community-level seed production and seedling establishment processes were dominated by B. japonicus, the overwhelming presence of herbage produced by the two vegetative propagating species, B. gracilis and P. smithii, casts doubt on a trend in ecological succession toward an annual grass-dominated community. C1 Forest Serv, USDA, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Heitschmidt, RK (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD APR PY 1999 VL 141 IS 2 BP 227 EP 237 DI 10.1674/0003-0031(1999)141[0227:VBDAPO]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 183LZ UT WOS:000079556200002 ER PT J AU Williams, CE Moriarity, WJ Walters, GL Hill, L AF Williams, CE Moriarity, WJ Walters, GL Hill, L TI Influence of inundation potential and forest overstory on the ground-layer vegetation of Allegheny Plateau riparian forests SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID APPALACHIAN HARDWOOD FOREST; HERBACEOUS LAYER; SPECIES RICHNESS; FLOODPLAIN; PENNSYLVANIA; PATTERNS; PRODUCTIVITY; COMMUNITIES; WISCONSIN; ECOSYSTEM AB In the nonglaciated Allegheny Plateau of northwestern Pennsylvania ground-layer plant communities of headwater riparian forests are among the most species-rich of the region. We examined the influence of inundation potential (geomorphic surfaces with high, moderate or low probability of seasonal inundation) and forest overstory (stems greater than or equal to 2.5 cm dbh) characteristics (percent overstory cover, overstory basal area, overstory stem density and basal area of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis) on species richness, biomass and cover of the summer ground-layer (all vascular plants less than or equal to 1 m tall) at six riparian sites. The study design used inundation as a class variable with sites or portions of sites within each class as replicates (n = 4 for each inundation class). Mean total species richness (7.3 +/- 1.3 SE species/0.25 m(2)) and biomass (51.0 +/- 12.4 SE gm dry weight/0.25 m(2)), forb species richness (4.3 +/- 0.8 SE species/0.25 m(2)) and biomass (9.3 +/- 4.5 SE gm dry weight/0.25 m(2)) and graminoid species richness (2.4 +/- 0.3 SE species/0.25 m(2)) and biomass (40.3 +/- 8.7 SE gm dry weight/0.25 m2) were significantly greater for geomorphic surfaces of high inundation potential than for those of moderate and low inundation potential. Overstory cover, overstory stem density and basal area of T. canadensis were not correlated with ground-layer species richness, biomass and cover within inundation classes. Wetland species (obligate + facultative wetland species), chiefly forbs and graminoids, occurred most often on geomorphic surfaces of high inundation potential (66.7% of total species for which wetland indicator status has been determined); upland species (facultative + facultative upland + upland species),mainly tree seedlings, occurred principally on geomorphic surfaces of moderate and low inundation potential (81.5% and 74.3% respectively, of total species for which wetland indicator status has been determined). Differences in species composition, richness, biomass and cover suggest that the ground-layer of Allegheny Plateau riparian forests is composed of a series of wetland and upland species guilds that replace each other along the stream to mesic forest gradient. C1 Clarion State Univ, Dept Biol, Clarion, PA 16214 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Allegheny Natl Forest, Warren, PA 16365 USA. RP Williams, CE (reprint author), Clarion State Univ, Dept Biol, Clarion, PA 16214 USA. NR 67 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD APR PY 1999 VL 141 IS 2 BP 323 EP 338 DI 10.1674/0003-0031(1999)141[0323:IOIPAF]2.0.CO;2 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 183LZ UT WOS:000079556200012 ER PT J AU Yonash, N Bacon, LD Witter, RL Cheng, HH AF Yonash, N Bacon, LD Witter, RL Cheng, HH TI High resolution mapping and identification of new quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting susceptibility to Marek's disease SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE quantitative trait loci; genetic markers; disease resistance; chicken; Marek's disease ID B-HAPLOTYPE INFLUENCE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; RELATIVE EFFICACY; CHICKEN; LINKAGE; RESISTANCE; VACCINES; COMPLEX; MAP AB Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens that costs the poultry industry similar to$1 billion annually. Genetic resistance to MD is gaining increased attention to augment vaccinal control as disease outbreaks occur more frequently. Previously, analysis of a 272 Fz White Leghorn resource population measured for many MD traits and genotyped for 78 microsatellite markers revealed two and four quantitative trait loci (QTL) with significant and suggestive association, respectively, to one or more MD associated traits. Additional genetic markers have since been scored on the MD resource population to increase QTL resolution and genome coverage. Saturation of four of the QTL regions with 17 markers revealed five new QTL while 32 markers extended the genome coverage by 400 + cm and uncovered three more QTL. QTL analysis by single-point and interval mapping algorithms agreed well when marker saturation was approximate to 20 cM or less. Currently 127 genetic markers cover approximate to 68% of the genome that contain up to 14 MD QTL associated to one or more MD trait; seven at the significant level and seven at the suggestive level. Individually each QTL accounts for 2-10% of the variation and, in general, resistance was dominant although the resistant allele may come fi om either parental line. This study suggests that a limited number of genomic regions play a major role in the genetic control of MD resistance. Markers linked to these loci may be useful for selection of MD resistant stock by the poultry industry following verification of the association within their breeding populations. C1 USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. NR 22 TC 100 Z9 106 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-9146 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD APR PY 1999 VL 30 IS 2 BP 126 EP 135 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2052.1999.00457.x PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 202YD UT WOS:000080679000006 PM 10376303 ER PT J AU Briggs, CE Fratamico, PM AF Briggs, CE Fratamico, PM TI Molecular characterization of an antibiotic resistance gene cluster of Salmonella typhimurium DT104 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROPHORESIS; INTEGRON; STRAINS; CATTLE; DNA AB Salmonella typhimurium phage type DT104 has become an important emerging pathogen, Isolates of this phage type often possess resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline (ACSSuT resistance). The mechanism by which DT104 has accumulated resistance genes is of interest, since these genes interfere with treatment of DT104 infections and might be horizontally transferred to other bacteria, even to unrelated organisms. Previously, several laboratories have shown that the antibiotic resistance genes of DT104 are chromosomally encoded and involve integrons. The antibiotic resistance genes conferring the ACSSuT-resistant phenotype have been cloned and sequenced. These genes are grouped,within two district integrons and intervening plasmid-derived sequences. This sequence is potentially useful for detection of multiresistant DT104. C1 USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Briggs, CE (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 15 TC 250 Z9 259 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 1999 VL 43 IS 4 BP 846 EP 849 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 183LQ UT WOS:000079555400017 PM 10103189 ER PT J AU Horn, BW Dorner, JW AF Horn, BW Dorner, JW TI Regional differences in production of aflatoxin B(1) and cyclopiazonic acid by soil isolates of Aspergillus flavus along a transect within the United States SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SECTION FLAVI; PARASITICUS; PEANUTS; FIELD; POPULATIONS; CORN; INOCULUM; COTTON AB Soil isolates of Aspergillus flavus from a transect extending from eastern New Mexico through Georgia to eastern Virginia were examined for production of aflatoxin B(1) and cyclopiazonic acid in a liquid medium. Peanut fields from major peanut-growing regions (western Texas; central Texas; Georgia and Alabama; and Virginia and North Carolina) were sampled, and fields with other crops were sampled in regions where peanuts are not commonly grown, The A. flavus isolates were identified as members of either the L strain (n = 774), which produces sclerotia that are >400 mu m in diameter, or the S strain (n = 309), which produces numerous small sclerotia that are <400 mu m in diameter. The S-strain isolates generally produced high levels of aflatoxin B(1), whereas the L-strain isolates were more variable in aflatoxin production; variation in cyclopiazonic acid production also was greater in the L strain than in the S strain. There was a positive correlation between aflatoxin B(1) production and cyclopiazonic acid production in both strains, although 12% of the L-strain isolates produced only cyclopiazonic acid. Significant differences in production of aflatoxin B(1) and cyclopiazonic acid by the L-strain isolates were detected among regions. In the western half of Texas and the peanut-growing region of Georgia and Alabama, 62 to 94% of the isolates produced >10 mu g of aflatoxin B(1) per ml. The percentages of isolates producing >10 mu g of aflatoxin B(1) per ml ranged from 0 to 52% in the remaining regions of the transect; other isolates were often nonaflatoxigenic, A total of 53 of the 126 L-strain isolates that did not produce aflatoxin B(1) or cyclopiazonic acid were placed in 17 vegetative compatibility groups. Several of these groups contained isolates from widely separated regions of the transect. C1 ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. RP Horn, BW (reprint author), ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, 1011 Forrester Dr SE, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. EM bhorn@nprl.usda.gov NR 38 TC 136 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1444 EP 1449 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 183AE UT WOS:000079530000012 PM 10103234 ER PT J AU Xiao, LH Escalante, L Yang, CF Sulaiman, I Escalante, AA Montali, RJ Fayer, R Lal, AA AF Xiao, LH Escalante, L Yang, CF Sulaiman, I Escalante, AA Montali, RJ Fayer, R Lal, AA TI Phylogenetic analysis of Cryptosporidium parasites based on the small-subunit rRNA gene locus SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; PCR-RFLP ANALYSIS; OOCYST WALL; PARVUM; APICOMPLEXA; SEQUENCE; RESTRICTION; BOVINE AB Biological data support the hypothesis that there are multiple species in the genus Cryptosporidium, but a recent analysis of the available genetic data suggested that there is insufficient evidence for species differentiation. In order to resolve the controversy in the taxonomy of this parasite genus, we characterized the small-subunit rRNA genes of Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium baileyi, Cryptosporinium muris, and Cryptosporidium serpentis and performed a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Cryptosporidium. Our study revealed that the genus Cryptosporidium contains the phylogenetically distinct species C. parvum, C. muris, C. baileyi, and C. serpentis, which is consistent with the biological characteristics and host specificity data. The Cryptosporidium species formed two clades, with C. parvum and C. baileyi belonging to one clade and C. muris and C. serpentis belonging to the other clade. Within C. parvum, human genotype isolates and guinea pig isolates (known as Cryptosporidium wrairi) each differed from bovine genotype isolates by the nucleotide sequence in four regions, A C. muris isolate from cattle was also different from parasites isolated from a rock hyrax and a Bactrian camel. Minor differences were also detected between C. serpentis isolates from snakes and lizards. Based on the genetic information, a species- and strain-specific PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism diagnostic tool was developed. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Caracas, Venezuela. Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20008 USA. ARS, Parasite Immunobiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lal, AA (reprint author), Div Parasit Dis, Mail Stop F-12,4770 Buford Hwy, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM aall@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; NR 41 TC 395 Z9 443 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1578 EP 1583 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 183AE UT WOS:000079530000031 PM 10103253 ER PT J AU Siragusa, GR Nawotka, K Spilman, SD Contag, PR Contag, CH AF Siragusa, GR Nawotka, K Spilman, SD Contag, PR Contag, CH TI Real-time monitoring of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 adherence to beef carcass surface tissues with a bioluminescent reporter SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL BIOLUMINESCENCE; LUX GENES; XENORHABDUS-LUMINESCENS; FOOD MICROBIOLOGY; SUBLETHAL INJURY; LIVING MAMMALS; SALMONELLA; EXPRESSION; ORGANIZATION; ATTACHMENT AB A method for studying bacteria that are attached to carcass surfaces would eliminate the need for exogenous sampling and would facilitate understanding the interaction of potential human food-borne pathogens with food animal tissue surfaces. We describe such a method in which we used a bioluminescent reporter strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 that was constructed by transformation with plasmid pCGLS1, an expression vector that contains a complete bacterial luciferase (lux) operon. Beef carcass surface tissues were inoculated with the bioluminescent strain, and adherent bacteria were visualized in real time by using a sensitive photon-counting camera to obtain in situ images. The reporter strain was found to luminesce from the tissue surfaces whether it was inoculated as a suspension in buffer or as a suspension in a bovine fecal slurry. With this method, areas of tissues inoculated with the reporter strain could be studied without obtaining, excising, homogenizing, and culturing multiple samples from the tissue surface. Use of the complete lux operon as the bioluminescent reporter eliminated the need to add exogenous substrate. This allowed detection and quantitation of bacterial inocula and rapid evaluation of adherence of a potential human pathogen to tissue surfaces. Following simple water rinses of inoculated carcass tissues, the attachment duration varied with different carcass surface types. On average, the percent retention of bioluminescent signal from the reporter strain was higher on lean fascia-covered tissue (54%) than on adipose fascia-covered tissue (18%) following water washing of the tissues. Bioluminescence and culture-derived viable bacterial counts were highly correlated (r(2) = 0.98). Real-time assessment of microbial attachment to this complex menstruum should facilitate evaluation of carcass decontamination procedures and mechanistic studies of microbial contamination of beef carcass tissues. C1 ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Siragusa, GR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 42 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1738 EP 1745 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 183AE UT WOS:000079530000053 PM 10103275 ER PT J AU Baker, SA Miller-Ihli, NJ AF Baker, SA Miller-Ihli, NJ TI Comparison of a cross-flow and microconcentric nebulizer for chemical speciation measurements using CZE-ICP-MS SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE capillary zone electrophoresis; ICP-MS; nebulizers; metallothionein; quantitation; chemical speciation ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; ELEMENTAL SPECIATION; INTERFACE AB A standard cross-how nebulizer and commercially available micro-concentric nebulizer (MCN-100) have been compared for capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements. Metallothionein samples were separated and detected to characterize the performance of the two nebulizers for chemical speciation measurements. The MCN-100 offered improved sensitivity and lower detection limits compared to the cross-dow nebulizer, but provided slightly poorer resolution. The detection limit for Cd-114 in metallothionein solutions was 90 ng/g with the cross-flow nebulizer and 10 ng/g with the MCN-100 for similar to 4 nL injections. These values correspond to absolute detection limits of 360 fg Cd in the injected sample with the cross-flow nebulizer and 40 fg Cd for the MCN-100. Quantitation of Cd in metallothioneins (rabbit liver and horse kidney) with the use of a well-characterized rabbit liver metallothionein sample as the calibration standard is reported. Measured Cd concentrations agreed with results obtained by both graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and solution nebulization ICP-MS. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Miller-Ihli, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 16 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 471 EP 478 DI 10.1366/0003702991946767 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 187PQ UT WOS:000079795900014 ER PT J AU Diez-Gonzalez, F Bond, DR Jennings, E Russell, JB AF Diez-Gonzalez, F Bond, DR Jennings, E Russell, JB TI Alternative schemes of butyrate production in Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and their relationship to acetate utilization, lactate production, and phylogeny SO ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-BOVIS; ACIDOSIS; STRAINS AB Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains D1 and A38 produced little lactate, but strain 49 converted as much as 75% of its glucose to lactate. Strain 49 had tenfold more lactate dehydrogenase activity than strains D1 or A38, this activity was stimulated by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, and had a pH optimum of 6.25. A role for fructose 1,6-bisphosphate or pH regulation of lactate production in strain 39 was, however, contradicted by the observations that very low concentrations (< 0.2 mM) of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate gave maximal activity, and continuous cultures did not produce additional lactate when the pH was decreased. The lactate production of strain 49 was clearly inhibited by the presence of acetate in the growth medium. When strain 49 was supplemented with as little as 5 mM acetate, lactate production decreased dramatically, and most of the glucose was converted to butyrate. Strain 49 did not possess butyrate kinase activity, but it had a butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase that converted butyryl-CoA directly to butyrate, using acetate as an acceptor. The transferase had a low affinity for acetate (K-m of 5 mM), and this characteristic explained the acetate stimulation of growth and butyrate formation. Strains D1 and A38 had butyrate kinase but not butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase, and it appealed that this difference could explain the lack of acetate stimulation and lactate production. Based on these results, it is unlikely that B. fibrisolvens would ever contribute significantly to the pool of ruminal lactate. Since relatives of strain 49 (strains Nor37, PI-7, VV1, and OB156, based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis) all had the same method of butyrate production, it appeared that butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase might be a phylogenetic characteristic. We obtained a culture of strain B835 (NCDO 2398) that produced large amounts of lactate and had butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase activity, but this strain had previously been grouped with strains A38 and DI based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Our strain B835 had a 16S rRNA sequence unique from the one currently deposited in GenBank, and had high sequence similarity with strains 39 and Nor37 rather than with strains A38 or D1. C1 Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Russell, JB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Wing Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. OI Bond, Daniel/0000-0001-8083-7107 NR 32 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0302-8933 J9 ARCH MICROBIOL JI Arch. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 171 IS 5 BP 324 EP 330 DI 10.1007/s002030050717 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 192TJ UT WOS:000080094900005 PM 10382263 ER PT J AU Williams, JD Dobrowolski, JP West, NE AF Williams, JD Dobrowolski, JP West, NE TI Microbiotic crust influence on unsaturated hydraulic conductivity SO ARID SOIL RESEARCH AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE aridland processes; biocrusts; cryptobiotic crust; cryptogamic crust; microphytic crust; rangeland; soil ID DRIP IRRIGATION; SOIL; INFILTRATION; MANAGEMENT; CRYPTOGAMS; SURFACE; EROSION; COVER AB Microbiotic crusts occur extensively in I rangeland soils. Developed by filaments of cyanobacteria and algae, and thalli of lichen and moss entanglement of soil particles, they create a physical discontinuity in the surface profile with greater concentrations of clay, silt, and potentially hydrophobic organic matter. These conditions potentially contribute to variability in soil hydrology of arid land and should be considered in the development of hydrologic and erosion models. However, there is limited manipulative rescarch examining the functional relationships between soil and microbiotic crusts. We investigated the influence of cyanobacterial-dominated microbiotic crust on measured hydraulic conductivity (K) in a sandy loan soil at a southeastern Utah site. Using a tension infiltrometer, we determined K under three surface treatments: undisturbed, chemically killed (representing dead microphytes within the crust), and removed (scalped) microbiotic crusts. We applied treatments to spatially interspersed intact surface soils within shrub interspaces. Microbiotic crusts at this site and in this stage of successional development had no discernible influence on K. This finding supports results from research conducted in a variety of soils from sandy to silt dominated with a range of microbiotic development. Because this research was site and time specific, and because the role of microbiotic crusts in the environment continues to be debated, additional research is warranted to determine how Stage of development of microbiotic crust influences soil hydrology. C1 USDA ARS, Pacific W Area, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Adams, OR USA. RP Williams, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, POB 370, Pendleton, OR 97810 USA. NR 39 TC 38 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0890-3069 J9 ARID SOIL RES REHAB JI Arid Soil Res. Rehabil. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.1080/089030699263384 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 183ZW UT WOS:000079585700004 ER PT J AU Losinger, WC Bush, EJ Smith, MA Corso, BA AF Losinger, WC Bush, EJ Smith, MA Corso, BA TI Mortality on grower/finisher-only swine operations in the United States SO ARQUIVO BRASILEIRO DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA E ZOOTECNIA LA English DT Article DE pig; swine grower/finisher; mortality; animal health AB For 53 grower/finisher-only swine operations that participated in the United States National Animal Health Monitoring System 1995 National Swine Study, mortality among finisher pigs ranged from 0 to 12.0% over a 6-month period. Twenty-six (49.1%) had <2% mortality, and 27 (50.9%) had >2% mortality. Nine (17.0%) operations experienced >4% mortality. Fisher's exact test revealed that operations with all-in all-out management were significantly more likely to have <2% mortality than operations with continuous management, and that operations where all finisher pigs came from farrowing units belonging to the operation (either on-sire or off-site) were significantly more likely to have <2% mortality than operations where >1 grower/finisher pig came from another source. Larger operations (where >900 pigs entered the grower/finisher phase) practiced all-in, all-out management more frequently than smaller operations, and had a lower mean percent mortality than smaller operations. Diagnosis of Salmonella in finisher pigs performed at a laboratory or by a veterinarian in the 12 months prior to interview was associated with both increased percent mortality and increased percent mortality per day. C1 USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Losinger, WC (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, 555 S Howes St,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ARQUIVO BRASILEIRO MEDICINA VETERINARIA ZOOTECNIA PI MINAS GERAIS PA FEDERAL MINAS GERAIS CAIXA POSTAL 567-BELO HORIZ, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL SN 0102-0935 J9 ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO JI Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. PD APR PY 1999 VL 51 IS 2 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1590/S0102-09351999000200003 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 240YE UT WOS:000082854000003 ER PT J AU Velez-Carrasco, W Lichtenstein, AH Welty, FK Li, ZL Lamon-Fava, S Dolnikowski, GG Schaefer, EJ AF Velez-Carrasco, W Lichtenstein, AH Welty, FK Li, ZL Lamon-Fava, S Dolnikowski, GG Schaefer, EJ TI Dietary restriction of saturated fat and cholesterol decreases HDL apoA-I secretion SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 70th Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association Meeting CY NOV 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc DE diet; HDL; apolipoprotein kinetics; stable isotopes ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; STABLE-ISOTOPE; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; DEUTERATED LEUCINE; TRANSPORT RATES; METABOLISM; KINETICS; MEN AB We examined the mechanisms responsible for the decrease in HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels after the consumption of a diet low in total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Twenty-one subjects with a mean age of 58+/-12 years were placed on a baseline isocaloric diet (15% protein, 49% carbohydrate, 36% fat, and 150 mg/1000 kcals of cholesterol) and then switched to an NCEP Step 2 diet (15% protein, 60% carbohydrate, 25% fat, and 45 mg/1000 kcals of cholesterol). After 6 or 24 weeks on each diet, subjects received a 15-hour primed-constant infusion of [5,5,5-H-2(3)]-L-leucine. HDL apoA-I and apoA-II tracer curves were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and fitted to a monoexponential equation. Compared with The baseline diet, consumption of the Step 2 diet lowered HDL-C mean levels by 15% (1.03+/-0.23 to 0.88+/-0.16 mmol/L, P<0.001), apoA-I by 12% (1.25+/-0.15 to 1.10+/-0.13 gn, P<0.001) and the TC/HDL-C ratio by 5% (0.145+/-0.04 to 0.137+/-0.03). No significant changes were observed in apoA-II. levels and HDL particle size with diet. HDL apoA-I fractional catabolic rate did not change (0.219+/-0.052 to 0.220+/-0.043 pools/day, P=0.91) but HDL apoA-I secretion rate decreased by 8% (12.26+/-3.07 to 10.84+/-2.11 mg kg(-1) day(-1), P=0.03) during consumption of the Step 2 diet. There was no effect of diet on apoA-II fractional catabolic rate or secretion rate. Our results indicate that the decrease in HDL-C and apoA-I levels during the isocaloric consumption of a Step 2 diet paralleled the reductions in apoA-I secretion rate. C1 Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Meyer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Mass Spectrometry Lab, Jean Meyer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Meyer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Schaefer_li@hnrc.tufts.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL39236] NR 45 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 19 IS 4 BP 918 EP 924 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 184NE UT WOS:000079617600015 PM 10195918 ER PT J AU Butler, RW Williams, TD Bishop, MA Warncock, N AF Butler, RW Williams, TD Bishop, MA Warncock, N TI Gone with the wind? Reply SO AUK LA English DT Editorial Material ID WESTERN SANDPIPERS; MIGRATION C1 Canadian Wildlife Serv, Pacific Wildlife Res Ctr, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada. Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Cordova, AK 99574 USA. US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Butler, RW (reprint author), Canadian Wildlife Serv, Pacific Wildlife Res Ctr, 5421 Robertson Rd, Delta, BC V4K 3N2, Canada. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 J9 AUK JI AUK PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 2 BP 563 EP 564 PG 2 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 191CD UT WOS:000080002900032 ER PT J AU Molloy, JB Bowles, PM Knowles, DP McElwain, TF Bock, RE Kingston, TG Blight, GW Dalgliesh, RJ AF Molloy, JB Bowles, PM Knowles, DP McElwain, TF Bock, RE Kingston, TG Blight, GW Dalgliesh, RJ TI Comparison of a competitive inhibition ELISA and the card agglutination test for detection of antibodies to Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale in cattle SO AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cattle; anaplasma; serological diagnosis; ELISA; card agglutination test ID DIAGNOSIS; TICK AB Objective To compare a recently developed recombinant MSP-5 competitive inhibition ELISA with a card agglutination test for detection of antibodies to Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale in Australian cattle. Materials and methods The ELISA was compared with the card agglutination test using 208 sera from cattle in Anaplasma-free herds, 86 sera from cattle experimentally infected with A marginale or A centrale and 757 sera from cattle in areas endemic for A marginale. Results The specificity of the ELISA, based on testing 208 sera from cattle in Anaplasma-free areas, was 99.5%, and the sensitivities for detection of antibodies to A marginale and A centrale in sera from the experimentally infected cattle were 98.0% and 100%, respectively. For the same sets of sera, the specificity of the card agglutination test was 98.6% and the sensitivities for detection of antibodies to A marginale and A centrale were 98.0% and 100%, respectively. For the 757 sera collected from cattle in areas endemic for A marginale, the agreement between the ELISA and the card agglutination test depended on the positive threshold selected for the ELISA. The maximum achievable agreement was 91.5% (kappa = 0.73; 95% confidence interval 0.66, 0.79). Conclusion We conclude that the competitive inhibition ELISA is a useful alternative to the card agglutination test for detection of A marginale or A centrale infection in cattle. The assay should be particularly useful for epidemiological applications such as prevalence studies and control programs. C1 Queensland Dept Primary Ind, Anim Res Inst, Queensland Beef Ind Inst, Yeerongpilly, Qld 4105, Australia. USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Queensland Dept Primary Ind, Tick Fever Res Ctr, Wacol, Qld 4076, Australia. Queensland Dept Primary Ind, Anim Res Inst, Intens Livestock Ind Serv, Yeerongpilly, Qld 4105, Australia. RP Molloy, JB (reprint author), Queensland Dept Primary Ind, Anim Res Inst, Queensland Beef Ind Inst, 665 Fairfield Rd, Yeerongpilly, Qld 4105, Australia. RI Bock, Russell/E-8038-2010 NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY ASSN PI MELBOURNE PA 272 BRUNSWICK RD BRUNSWICK, MELBOURNE, VIC 3056, AUSTRALIA SN 0005-0423 J9 AUST VET J JI Aust. Vet. J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1999.tb11712.x PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 187YL UT WOS:000079816400011 PM 10330556 ER PT J AU Sellers, HS Villegas, PN Seal, BS Jackwood, DJ AF Sellers, HS Villegas, PN Seal, BS Jackwood, DJ TI Antigenic and molecular characterization of three infectious bursal disease virus field isolates SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; STRAINS; SEQUENCES; CHICKENS; VP2; DIFFERENTIATION; ANTIBODIES; GENE AB Three infectious bursal disease field viruses, identified as U28, 3212, and MISS and isolated in the early 1980s from the southeastern United States, were characterized both antigenically and genotypically. A panel of monoclonal antibodies ih (MAbs) was utilized in an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antigenic characterization. The ELISA data indicated that U28 and the Delaware variants are antigenically related. The 3212 and the GLS variants were more closely related antigenically to each other than to other viruses analyzed. However, the MISS isolate reacted with MAbs that were specific for both classic and variant strains of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify nucleotide sequences From the genome coding for the variable region of VP2 From IBDV field isolates U28, 3212, and MISS. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that U28 was most similar (98.3%) to the IBDV Delaware variants and that 3212 was most similar (97.1%) to the GLS variant. The MISS isolate was most similar (97.4%) to the classic 52/70 strain. Positive correlation occurred with the use of different methods to characterize IBDV isolates. C1 Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Avian Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Food Anim Res Program, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Villegas, PN (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Avian Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2 BP 198 EP 206 DI 10.2307/1592609 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 213DW UT WOS:000081257900005 PM 10396632 ER PT J AU Cardona, CJ Reed, WM Witter, RL Silva, RF AF Cardona, CJ Reed, WM Witter, RL Silva, RF TI Protection of turkeys from hemorrhagic enteritis with a recombinant fowl poxvirus expressing the native hexon of hemorrhagic enteritis virus SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hemorrhagic enteritis virus; hexon; 100-kD folding protein; fowl poxvirus; recombinant vaccine; immunodepression ID II AVIAN ADENOVIRUSES; DISEASE VIRUS; CELL-CULTURE; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; COLIBACILLOSIS; ANTIBODIES; VIRULENT; VACCINATION; CHICKENS AB Hemorrhagic enteritis (HE) is an economically important disease of turkeys caused by a type II aviadenovirus, hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV). The vaccines currently available to the commercial poultry producer are highly effective in preventing disease outbreaks; however, they are immunosuppressive. A recombinant fowl poxvirus (rFPV) expressing the native hexon of HEV has been shown to induce an anti-HEV humoral immune response in turkeys. In this study, the rFPV expressing the native hexon of HEV was compared with a commercial HEV vaccine (vxHEV) for its ability to protect turkeys from virulent HEV challenge. Complete protection From the enteritis of PIE was achieved in experimental groups vaccinated with either the rFPV or the vxHEV. Lymphocyte stimulation was measured in turkeys inoculated with rFPV, vxHEV, or a sublethal dose of HEV or nut inoculated. No statistically significant immunodepression was observed in turkeys receiving the rFPV. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Reed, WM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathol, E Fee Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2 BP 234 EP 244 DI 10.2307/1592613 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 213DW UT WOS:000081257900009 PM 10396636 ER PT J AU Branton, SL Lott, BD May, JD Maslin, WR Pharr, GT Brown, JE Boykin, DL AF Branton, SL Lott, BD May, JD Maslin, WR Pharr, GT Brown, JE Boykin, DL TI The effects of F strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, and the dual infection in commercial layer hens over a 44-week laying cycle when challenged before beginning of lay. II. Egg size distribution SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE chicken; pullet; vaccination; F strain; M-gallisepticum; M-synoviae; egg size ID CHICKENS; AIRSACCULITIS; BROILERS AB In each of two trials, 160 commercial pullers were separated into four treatments with four replicates of 10 chickens in each treatment. Forty pullers were designated as controls and received no inoculation; 40 pullers received F strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum (FMG); an additional 40 pullers received Mycoplasma synoviae (MS); and the final 40 pullers were inoculated with both FMG and MS (dual). All inoculations occurred at 10 wk of age. Eggs from all treatments were collected daily, Monday-Thursday, and individually weighed. No significant difference was observed among the treatments for percentages of jumbo, extra-large, medium, small, peewee, or undergrade eggs. As a percentage of eggs laid for the 4 days of each week over the 44-wk laying cycle of each trial, the FMC hens laid significantly Fewer large size eggs (43.2%) as compared with either controls (51.17%) or dual-infected hens (49.95%). No significant difference was found in percentage of large eggs laid by FMG hens when compared with MS hens. C1 USDA ARS, S Cent Poultry Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA ARS, Mid S Area, Off Director, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Branton, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, S Cent Poultry Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2 BP 326 EP 330 DI 10.2307/1592625 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 213DW UT WOS:000081257900021 PM 10396648 ER PT J AU Klein, SL Gamble, HR Nelson, RJ AF Klein, SL Gamble, HR Nelson, RJ TI Trichinella spiralis infection in voles alters female odor preference but not partner preference SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arvicoline rodents; corticosterone; female preference; parasite infection; testosterone ID MATE CHOICE; SEXUAL SELECTION; MICROTUS-OCHROGASTER; MATING PREFERENCES; AMERICAN KESTRELS; MALE-MICE; PARASITES; EVOLUTION; RESPONSES; HYPOTHESIS AB Females may choose mates based on secondary sex traits that reflect disease resistance. Accordingly, females should be able to distinguish between unparasitized and parasitized males, and should prefer to mate with unparasitized individuals. Mate and odor preferences for uninfected males or males infected with the nematode, Trichinella spiralis, were examined among prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) and meadow voles (M. pennsylvanicus). In a 15-min odor preference test, only female meadow voles distinguished between bedding from parasitized and unparasitized conspecific males, and preferred to spend time with bedding from unparasitized males, Although T. spiralis infection influenced odor preference in female meadow voles, there was no effect of infection status on mate preference among either species. Testosterone and corticosterone concentrations were not different between parasitized and unparasitized males. However, among prairie voles, males that spent an increased amount of time with females during the mate preference test had elevated testosterone concentrations. Taken together, these data suggest that (1) female meadow voles can discriminate between unparasitized and parasitized males, (2) the effects of infection on steroid hormone concentrations may be masked by the effects of social interactions, and (3) parasites may represent a selective constraint on partner preference in voles; however, the life cycle of parasites may influence female preference and should be considered in studies of female preference. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pathol, Behav Neuroendocrinol Grp, Dept Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USDA ARS, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Nelson, RJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pathol, Behav Neuroendocrinol Grp, Dept Biochem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM rnelson@jhu.edu OI Nelson, Randy/0000-0002-8194-4016 NR 39 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 5 BP 323 EP 329 DI 10.1007/s002650050567 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 190UY UT WOS:000079984700001 ER PT J AU Stahl, PD Parkin, TB Christensen, M AF Stahl, PD Parkin, TB Christensen, M TI Fungal presence in paired cultivated and uncultivated soils in central Iowa, USA SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE fungi; soil ecology; sustainable agriculture; tillage; prairie ID DIRECT EXTRACTION METHOD; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; FOREST SOILS; NO-TILLAGE; DYNAMICS; MANAGEMENT; RESPIRATION; PLACEMENT; PRAIRIE AB Amounts of fungal biomass in adjacent cultivated and uncultivated soils in central Iowa were estimated and compared try quantifying soil ergosterol concentrations and lengths of fungal hyphae present. Both indices of fungal biomass, with one exception, indicated that there was at least twice as much fungal biomass in uncultivated soil as in cultivated soil. Levels of microbial biomass carbon in uncultivated soils were also determined to be at least twice that in cultivated soils. Data collected in this study indicate that fungi may be more significantly affected by agricultural soil management practices than other components of the soil microbial community. For two of the soils examined, calculated estimates denote that fungal biomass carbon represented approximately 20% of the total microbial biomass carbon in cultivated soil and about 33% of the microbial biomass carbon in uncultivated soil. Results of this study indicate that conventional agricultural practices result, in a significant reduction of fungal biomass production in soil. Implications of differences in fungal biomass between the soils are discussed. C1 Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Stahl, PD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 38 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 EI 1432-0789 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 IS 1 BP 92 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s003740050530 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 189FZ UT WOS:000079895100013 ER PT J AU Pouyat, RV AF Pouyat, RV TI Science and environmental policy - making them compatible SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn,Baltimore Ecosyst Study, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. RP Pouyat, RV (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn,Baltimore Ecosyst Study, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. NR 8 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 BP 281 EP 286 DI 10.2307/1313611 PG 6 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 182AM UT WOS:000079476400007 ER PT J AU Chen, JQ Saunders, SC Crow, TR Naiman, RJ Brosofske, KD Mroz, GD Brookshire, BL Franklin, JF AF Chen, JQ Saunders, SC Crow, TR Naiman, RJ Brosofske, KD Mroz, GD Brookshire, BL Franklin, JF TI Microclimate in forest ecosystem and landscape ecology - Variations in local climate can be used to monitor and compare the effects of different management regimes SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DOUGLAS-FIR FOREST; AIR-TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS; WESTERN WASHINGTON; WAVELET ANALYSIS; CANOPY STRUCTURE; SMALL STREAMS; RAIN-FOREST; CLEAR-CUT; GROWTH; EDGE C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forestry & Wood Prod, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Fisheries, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Missouri Dept Conservat, Jefferson City, MO 65102 USA. RP Chen, JQ (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forestry & Wood Prod, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM jiq@mtu.edu RI Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Naiman, Robert /K-3113-2012 NR 54 TC 348 Z9 364 U1 15 U2 112 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 BP 288 EP 297 DI 10.2307/1313612 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 182AM UT WOS:000079476400008 ER PT J AU Shen, SY Tu, SI AF Shen, SY Tu, SI TI Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase in cross-linked phyllosilicates: conditions and characterizations SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOL-GEL MATERIALS; ENZYMES; REMOVAL AB An innovative immobilization procedure was developed for intercalation of enzymes into dispersed phyllosilicates which were cross-linked with silicates resulting from the hydrolysis of tetramethyl orthosilicate, Donor:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase intercalative immobilized in the cross-linked phyllosilicate exhibited a similar or higher activity than the free enzyme. The kinetic properties of peroxidase were unaffected by intercalative immobilization. Different factors, including drying methods, particle size, surface cations of the phyllosilicate and ratio of phyllosilicate to tetramethyl orthosilicate, were investigated to optimize immobilization conditions. The immobilized peroxidase exhibited similar kinetic properties to the free enzyme and good storage stability. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tu, SI (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0885-4513 J9 BIOTECHNOL APPL BIOC JI Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 BP 185 EP 189 PN 2 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 185ZT UT WOS:000079702100011 PM 10075914 ER PT J AU Massman, WJ Weil, JC AF Massman, WJ Weil, JC TI An analytical one-dimensional second-order closure model of turbulence statistics and the Lagrangian time scale within and above plant canopies of arbitrary structure SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE dissipation rates; Lagrangian time scale; velocity variances; within-canopy turbulence statistics ID ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; SOURCE DISTRIBUTIONS; VELOCITY STATISTICS; VEGETATION CANOPIES; STOCHASTIC-MODELS; DECIDUOUS FOREST; KINETIC-ENERGY; WAVING WHEAT; WIND-TUNNEL; AIR-FLOW AB An analytical one-dimensional second-order closure model is developed to describe the within canopy velocity variances, turbulent intensities, dissipation rates, Lagrangian time scale and Lagrangian far field diffusivities for vegetation canopies of arbitrary structure and density. The model incorporates and extends the model of momentum transfer developed by Massman (1997) and the model of within canopy velocity variances developed by Weil (unpublished) from the second-order closure model of Wilson and Shaw (1977). Model predictions of within and above canopy velocity variances, turbulent intensities, dissipation rates and the Lagrangian time scale are in reasonable agreement with previously measured or estimated values for these parameters. The present model suggests that the Lagrangian time scale and the far field diffusivity could be strongly dependent upon foliage structure and density through the foliage effects on the velocity variances. A simple formulation for the Lagrangian time scale at canopy height is derived from model results. Taken as a whole, the present model may provide a relatively simple way to incorporate turbulence parameters into models of soil/canopy/atmosphere mass transfer. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Massman, WJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 41 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 20 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD APR PY 1999 VL 91 IS 1 BP 81 EP 107 DI 10.1023/A:1001810204560 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 200NE UT WOS:000080545700006 ER PT J AU Sun, JL Massman, W Grantz, DA AF Sun, JL Massman, W Grantz, DA TI Aerodynamic variables in the bulk formulation of turbulent fluxes SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE aerodynamic temperature; bulk formula; Monin-Obukhov similarity theory; roughness sublayer ID SENSIBLE HEAT-FLUX; RADIOMETRIC SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; SKIN TEMPERATURE; RADIATIVE TEMPERATURE; SCALAR ROUGHNESS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; PARAMETERIZATION; VEGETATION; PROFILES; FOREST AB Aerodynamic variables are required to apply Monin-Obukhov similarity theory in the bulk formulation of surface fluxes. In the literature, these aerodynamic variables are commonly misinterpreted. In this paper, we review the concept of the aerodynamic variable, its connection to surface-layer similarity theory and how and why the aerodynamic variable is replaced with other variables. Observed mean variables below the surface layer, such as the surface radiation temperature, or the air temperature at canopy height, are often used in place of the extrapolated aerodynamic variables in the bulk formula, requiring empirical relationships between aerodynamic and observed variables, or requiring empirical adjustments of bulk resistances. The present study examines the validity of these relationshi Experiment (CODE). The results indicate that using a measured substitute for an aerodynamic variable can lead to significant errors in estimates of turbulent surface fluxes. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Air Pollut Res Ctr, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Kearney Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RI Sun, Jielun/H-6576-2015 OI Sun, Jielun/0000-0003-3271-7914 NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 EI 1573-1472 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD APR PY 1999 VL 91 IS 1 BP 109 EP 125 DI 10.1023/A:1001838832436 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 200NE UT WOS:000080545700007 ER PT J AU Bucciarelli, B Ostry, ME Fulcher, RG Anderson, NA Vance, CP AF Bucciarelli, B Ostry, ME Fulcher, RG Anderson, NA Vance, CP TI Histochemical and microspectrophotometric analyses of early wound responses of resistant and susceptible Populus tremuloides inoculated with Entoleuca mammata ( Hypoxylon mammatum) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article DE aspen; Hypoxylon canker; disease resistance ID PERIDERM FORMATION; TREMBLING ASPEN; ZONE FORMATION; CELL-WALLS; BARK; INFECTION; LIGNIFICATION; ANATOMY; TREES; FUNGI AB Stem tissue of resistant and susceptible genotypes of Populus tremuloides Michx. wounded or wound-inoculated with Entoleuca mammata (Wahlenberg: Fr.) J.D. Rogers & Y.-M. Ju was prepared for histochemical and microspectrophotometric analysis. Samples were collected over a 96-h period. Parenchyma cell walls associated with the response zone of infected resistant and susceptible genotypes accumulated phenolic substances having lignin-like properties. Features of the lignified zone distinguished resistant from susceptible genotypes. This zone in the resistant genotype was uniformly lignified, while in the susceptible genotype, it was discontinuous. Wound callus developed in the infected resistant but not in the susceptible genotype. In the former, callus developed internal to the lignified zone, contained phenolic substances, and was visible 48 h after inoculation. In the susceptible, callus failed to develop. Wounded tissue of both genotypes displayed no distinguishing response characteristics. Both produced equivalent amounts of callus, accumulated similar levels of lignin-like substances, and deposited it in identical locations. It is concluded that resistant P. tremuloides limits infection by E. mammata by two distinct mechanisms: (i) by the development of an intact and localized lignified barrier zone and (ii) by the development of wound callus rich in phenolic substances. The susceptible is ineffective at developing either of these barriers. C1 N Cent Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Ostry, ME (reprint author), N Cent Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ostry001@tc.umn.edu NR 31 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 548 EP 555 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 249DR UT WOS:000083318000009 ER PT J AU Emmons, EE Jennings, MJ Edwards, C AF Emmons, EE Jennings, MJ Edwards, C TI An alternative classification method far northern Wisconsin lakes SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; FISH; TREES; USA AB Wisconsin has nearly 15 000 lakes with great variation in limnology, morphometry, and origin. Classification of lakes into groups is a continuing goal. This study examines two alternative approaches to lake classification, one common and the other somewhat novel. Both approaches used lake morphometry and limnological variables and were compared for ability to form groups and assign lakes to groups with a high probability of correct classification. The first approach used nonhierarchical cluster analysis to form lake groups and discriminant analysis to put lakes into these groups. The second approach formed lake groups by iterative dichotomous splitting of the sampling space into smaller and smaller subspaces. Each binary split was done using nonhierarchical cluster analyses on a subset of the original variables. This iterative splitting resulted in a hierarchical classification tree with reduced dimensionality in comparison with the original data set. At each branch, multiple logistic regression was used to place lakes into nodes of the tree. Validation of both approaches was performed with a resubstitution analysis of the model building data set as well as a separate validation data set. The decision tree method yielded significantly lower rates of misclassification and was more easily interpreted than the discriminant analysis approach. C1 Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Bur Integrated Sci Serv, Monona, WI 53716 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biometry, Monona, WI 53716 USA. Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Bur Integrated Sci Serv, Spooner, WI 54801 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Emmons, EE (reprint author), Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Bur Integrated Sci Serv, Monona, WI 53716 USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 56 IS 4 BP 661 EP 669 DI 10.1139/cjfas-56-4-661 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 209BR UT WOS:000081027900012 ER PT J AU Densmore, RV Juday, GP Zasada, JC AF Densmore, RV Juday, GP Zasada, JC TI Regeneration alternatives for upland white spruce after burning and logging in interior Alaska SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article AB Site-preparation and regeneration methods for white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) were tested near Fairbanks, Alaska, on two upland sites which had been burned in a wildfire and salvage logged. After 5 and 10 years, white spruce regeneration did not differ among the four scarification methods but tended to be lower without scarification. Survival of container-grown planted seedlings stabilized after 3 years at 93% with scarification and at 76% without scarification. Broadcast seeding was also successful, with one or more seedlings on 80% of the scarified 6-m(2) subplots and on 60% of the unscarified subplots after 12 years. Natural regeneration after 12 years exceeded expectations, with seedlings on 50% of the 6-m2 subplots 150 m from a seed source and on 28% of the subplots 230 m from a seed source. After 5 years, 37% of the scarified unsheltered seed spots and 52% of the scarified seed spots with cone shelters had one or more seedlings, but only 16% of the unscarified seed spots had seedlings, with and without funnel shelters. Growth rates for all seedlings were higher than on similar unburned sites. The results show positive effects of burning in interior Alaska, and suggest planting seedlings, broadcast seeding, and natural seedfall, alone or in combination, as viable options for similar sites. C1 US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. Univ Alaska, Dept Forest Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Densmore, RV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 IS 4 BP 413 EP 423 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 192ZP UT WOS:000080109900002 ER PT J AU Loveless, TM Bishop, PE AF Loveless, TM Bishop, PE TI Identification of genes unique to Mo-independent nitrogenase systems in diverse diazotrophs SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mo-independent nitrogenase systems; diverse diazotrophs; vnfG; anfG ID 2ND ALTERNATIVE NITROGENASE; AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII; STRUCTURAL GENES; RHODOSPIRILLUM-RUBRUM; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; FIXING BACTERIA; FIXATION; DINITROGENASE-2; AMPLIFICATION; ORGANIZATION AB A number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria were screened using PCR for genes (vnfG and anfG) unique to the V-containing nitrogenase (vnf) and the Fe-only nitrogenase (anf) systems. Products with sequences similar to that of vnfG were obtained from Azotobacter paspali and Azotobacter salinestris genomic DNAs, and products with sequences similar to that of anfG were obtained from Azomonas macrocytogenes, Rhodospirillum rebrum, and Azotobacter paspali DNAs. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences of anfG and vnfG genes shows that each gene product forms a distinct cluster. Furthermore, amplification of an internal 839-bp region in anfD and vnfD yielded a product similar to anfD from Heliobacterium gestii and a product similar to vnfD from Azotobacter paspali and Azotobacter salinestris. Phylogenetic analysis of NifD, VnfD, and AnfD amino acid sequences indicates that AnfD and VnfD sequences are more closely related to each other than either is to NifD. The results of this study suggest that Azotobacter salinestris possesses the potential to express the vanadium (V)-containing nitrogenase (nitrogenase 2) and that R. rubrum, Azomonas macrocytogenes, and H. gestii possess the potential to express the Fe-only nitrogenase (nitrogenase 3). Like Azotobacter vinelandii, Azotobacter paspali appears to have the potential to express both the V-containing nitrogenase and the Fe-only nitrogenase. C1 N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM peb@mbio.mbio.ncsu.edu NR 36 TC 10 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0008-4166 EI 1480-3275 J9 CAN J MICROBIOL JI Can. J. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 BP 312 EP 317 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA 213XB UT WOS:000081297600005 PM 10420583 ER PT J AU Schooneveld-Bergmans, MEF Dignum, MJW Grabber, JH Beldman, G Voragen, AGJ AF Schooneveld-Bergmans, MEF Dignum, MJW Grabber, JH Beldman, G Voragen, AGJ TI Studies on the oxidative cross-linking of feruloylated arabinoxylans from wheat flour and wheat bran SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE wheat bran; feruloylated arabinoxylans; cross-linking ID WATER-SOLUBLE PENTOSANS; FERULIC ACID DEHYDRODIMERS; CELL-WALL MATERIAL; NONSTARCH POLYSACCHARIDES; GELATION; POLYMERS; HYDROXIDE; EXTRACT; BARIUM; RYE AB Feruloylated arabinoxylans isolated from wheat hour and wheat bran were compared in their cross-linking behaviour with respect to viscosity properties and cross-linking products formed when various oxidative agents were applied to dilute solutions. Optimal conditions for each oxidative agent were investigated. In case of hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase, similar conditions were found for both types of arabinoxylans but wheat bran arabinoxylans gave a larger viscosity increase upon cross-linking than those of wheat flour. When glucose, glucoseoxidase and peroxidase or ammonium persulphate were used as oxidative agents, differences in the concentration of reagent needed to induce cross-linking and in viscosity increase were observed. The distribution of coupling products for both types of arabinoxylans and the different oxidative treatments was approximately 5 : 3 : 1 : 1 for 8-5, 8-O-4, 8-8 and 5-5, respectively. The low ferulate recovery after oxidative treatment was assumed to be caused by formation of unknown compounds, such as higher oligomers and lignin-linked products. A 1 : 1 mixture of flour arabinoxylan and feruloylated pectin showed a maximum synergistic effect on viscosity upon oxidative treatment using hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase. Both polysaccharides were shown to participate in cross-linking. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Agr Univ Wageningen, Dept Food Sci, Div Food Chem & Microbiol, NL-6700 EV Wageningen, Netherlands. USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Agr Univ Wageningen, Dept Food Sci, Div Food Chem & Microbiol, POB 8129, NL-6700 EV Wageningen, Netherlands. RI Beldman, Gerrit/A-1901-2009 NR 34 TC 53 Z9 59 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 4 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1016/S0144-8617(98)00121-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 179TL UT WOS:000079345100003 ER PT J AU van der Sluijs, AMC Behall, KM Douglass, L Prather, E Scholfield, DJ Hallfrisch, J AF van der Sluijs, AMC Behall, KM Douglass, L Prather, E Scholfield, DJ Hallfrisch, J TI Effect of cooking on the beneficial soluble beta-glucans in oatrim SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Cereal-Chemists CY 1995 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Amer Assoc Cereal Chemists ID DIETARY FIBER; GUAR GUM; GLUCOSE; CHOLESTEROL; INSULIN AB This study was designed to investigate the effect of cooking Oatrim by different methods as measured by glucose, insulin, and glucagon responses to food. After an initial glucose tolerance test (1 g of glucose per kilogram of body weight), 12 men and 12 women, aged 35-55years, consumed a controlled diet for three days. On the third day subjects either consumed uncooked, boiled, or baked instant pudding containing Oatrim as a tolerance test. Glucose was analyzed by an automated enzymatic method, while insulin and glucagon were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. Total dietary fiber was determined according to an enzymatic-gravimetric method. All Oatrim treatments gave a significantly lower response from that of the standard glucose solution. There was a significant time effect for all parameters (P <0.05). Mean glucose and insulin responses were not significantly different among the different cooking methods, but there was a significant difference for glucagon. For glucagon response, uncooked pudding containing Oatrim was significantly higher than boiled and baked puddings while boiled and baked puddings were not significantly different from each other. Total dietary fiber was slightly higher in uncooked pudding compared to that in the boiled and baked puddings containing Oatrim. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet & Human Performance Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Anim Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Metab & Nutr Interact Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hallfrisch, J (reprint author), BARC E, Room 126,Bldg 308, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD APR PY 1999 VL 44 IS 4 BP 194 EP 198 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 192EX UT WOS:000080066400003 ER PT J AU Mayura, K Huebner, HJ Dwyer, MR McKenzie, KS Donnelly, KC Kubena, LF Phillips, TD AF Mayura, K Huebner, HJ Dwyer, MR McKenzie, KS Donnelly, KC Kubena, LF Phillips, TD TI Multi-bioassay approach for assessing the potency of complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIAL-WASTE; PRESERVING BOTTOM-SEDIMENT; BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; MUTAGENICITY TEST; SALMONELLA; IDENTIFICATION; SYSTEM; URINE; RATS AB The chick embryotoxicity screening test (CHEST) and the Salmonella/microsome bioassay were used to evaluate embryotoxic and mutagenic endpoints from crude coal tar (CT) and its fractionated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixtures (designated as A, B, C, D and E). In the CHEST assay, CT and PAH mixtures were injected into the egg yolk. A dose-dependent increase in embryo mortality was observed for all fractions. The E fraction resulted in 47% embryo mortality at a dose of 0.125 mg/kg and was more toxic than CT. At a dose of 1 mg/kg, 85-100% embryonic deaths occurred in fractions C and D and these two fractions were more potent than fractions A and B. The main visual toxic manifestations were liver lesions, discoloration of the liver, and edema. Both CT and fractionated PAH mixtures were also tested in the Salmonella/microsome plate incorporation assay with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and were evaluated with and without metabolic activation at five dose levels. In the presence of S9, the CT and fractions C, D and E induced a dose-dependent positive response. Results from the Salmonella/microsome assay were in good agreement with findings from the CHEST assay suggesting that these two bioassays in combination may facilitate the rapid detection and ranking of complex PAH mixtures. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Fac Toxicol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USDA ARS, Food Anim Protect Res Lab, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Phillips, TD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Fac Toxicol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42-ES04917] NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1721 EP 1732 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00389-0 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 167NX UT WOS:000078641100001 PM 10101844 ER PT J AU Isensee, AR Sadeghi, AM AF Isensee, AR Sadeghi, AM TI Quantification of runoff in laboratory-scale chambers SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID SOIL CORES; ATRAZINE; TRANSPORT; RAINFALL; TILLAGE; ALGAE AB Many of the variables that control transport of agrochemicals and pathogens in the field are difficult to measure because parameters such as slope, soil and plant conditions, and rainfall cannot be adequately controlled in the natural environment. This paper describes the design, construction, operation and performance of a system useful for studying surface transport of agrochemicals and pathogens under controlled slope, rainfall and soil conditions. A turntable is used to support and rotate 4 soil chambers under oscillating dripper units capable of simulating rainfall intensities from 1 to 43 mm h(-1). Chambers (35 x 100 x 18 cm i.d.) were constructed with an adjustable height discharge gate to collect runoff and three drains to collect leachate. Height adjustable platforms were constructed to support and elevate the chambers up to 20% slope. The chambers were uniformly packed with 35 to 45 kg of soil (bulk density 1.18-1.27 g cm(-3)) and initially saturated with two low intensity rain events. The coefficient of variation of the rainfall delivery over a range of 5 to 43 mm h(-1) averaged 7.5%. An experiment to determine the variability between chambers in runoff amount and uniformity indicated that at least one runoff-equilibration cycle is needed to obtain steady state conditions for conducting runoff transport evaluations. Another experiment conducted to evaluate atrazine [2-chloro-4(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazi runoff under simulated crop-residue covered vs bare soil conditions indicated six times more runoff from bare than crop residue covered soil. The system is capable of precise application of simulated rain, the simultaneous collection of runoff and leachate at slopes up to 20% and can be easily modified to meet a wide range of research parameters. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Environm Chem Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Isensee, AR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Chem Lab, Bldg 0001,BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1733 EP 1744 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00390-7 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 167NX UT WOS:000078641100002 PM 10101845 ER PT J AU Shappell, NW Larsen, GL Bakke, JE AF Shappell, NW Larsen, GL Bakke, JE TI Identification of the major urinary and fecal metabolites of 3,5-dinitrobenzamide in chickens and rats SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE 3,5-dinitrobenzamide; nitromide; metabolism; chicken; rats; coccidiostat AB Colostomized chickens given oral doses of 3,5-dinitrobenzamide (nitromide) cleared nitromide predominantly through the urine (58% of dose) and feces (21% of dose). Rats cleared 52% of nitromide via urinary excretion and 44% via feces. Major urinary metabolites for both chickens and rats include: 3-amino-5-nitrobenzamide, 3-acetamido-5-nitrobenzamide, 3-acetamide-5-aminobenzamide, and 3,5-diacetamidobenzamide. The major fecal metabolite in chickens was 3-acetamido-5-nitrobenzamide (67% of fecal C-14) and 3-acetamido-5-aminobenzamide in rats (similar to 50%). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Shappell, NW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1757 EP 1762 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00392-0 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 167NX UT WOS:000078641100004 PM 10101847 ER PT J AU Mangos, TJ Jones, KC Foglia, TA AF Mangos, TJ Jones, KC Foglia, TA TI Normal-phase high performance liquid chromatographic separation and characterization of short- and long-chain triacylglycerols SO CHROMATOGRAPHIA LA English DT Article DE column liquid chromatography; evaporative light scatering detection; APCI mass spectrometry; triacylglycerols ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Short- and long-chain triacylglycerols (SLCT) are a family of lipids prepared by chemical or enzymatic interesterification of triacetin, tripropionin and/or tributyrin, and long-chain (C-16!18) hydrogenated vegetable oils. In this study, a normal-phase cyanopropyl high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the separation and quantification of SLCT. The method is capable of separating SLCT mixtures, free fatty acids and the neutral lipid classes of saturated long-chain triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and monoacylglycerols. To characterize the specific SLCT classes, a normal-phase HPLC procedure using a non-modified silica column was developed to separate the SLCT into individual isomers based on total carbon number and position of fatty acids on the glycerol backbone. Online coupling with a mass detector (LC/MS) allowed the identification of the individual triacylglycerol structures. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Foglia, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 10 PU VIEWEG PI WIESBADEN PA ABRAHAM-LINCOLN-STRABE 46, POSTFACH 15 47, D-65005 WIESBADEN, GERMANY SN 0009-5893 J9 CHROMATOGRAPHIA JI Chromatographia PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 7-8 BP 363 EP 368 DI 10.1007/BF02467607 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 193KV UT WOS:000080136200002 ER PT J AU Cao, GH Prior, RL AF Cao, GH Prior, RL TI Anthocyanins are defected in human plasma after oral administration of an elderberry extract SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLAVONOIDS; ANTIOXIDANT C1 Tufts Univ, ARS, USDA, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Nutr Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Prior, RL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, ARS, USDA, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 10 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 BP 574 EP 576 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 185QG UT WOS:000079680600023 PM 10102922 ER PT J AU Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP McAllister, M AF Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP McAllister, M TI Neospora caninum and the potential for parasite transmission SO COMPENDIUM ON CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR THE PRACTICING VETERINARIAN LA English DT Article ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; TISSUE-SECTIONS; DOGS; ANTIBODIES; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; INFECTION; FOXES AB Neosporosis is a protozoal disease caused by infection with the coccidial parasite Neospora caninum. Severe neuromuscular disease occurs in transplacentally infected pups. rn some dogs, the hindlimbs will be in rigid hyperextension. Early recognition and treatment of neosporosis can prevent death and hindlimb paralysis. Neosporosis can also occur in adult dogs but is more difficult to recognize. N. caninum has a complex life cycle similar to that of Toxoplasma gondii. Abortions in dairy cows due to N. caninum infection is a worldwide production problem. Recognition of the role that dogs, and perhaps other canids, play in parasite transmission can lead to better preventive measures on dairies. C1 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. ARS, USDA, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lindsay, DS (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RI McAllister, Milton/C-8146-2013; Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI McAllister, Milton/0000-0001-5457-2678; Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU VETERINARY LEARNING SYSTEMS PI TRENTON PA 425 PHILLIPS BLVD #100, TRENTON, NJ 08618 USA SN 0193-1903 J9 COMP CONT EDUC PRACT JI Compend. Contin. Educ. Pract. Vet. PD APR PY 1999 VL 21 IS 4 BP 317 EP 321 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 188BG UT WOS:000079823900003 ER PT J AU Mace, RD Waller, JS Manley, TL Ake, K Wittinger, WT AF Mace, RD Waller, JS Manley, TL Ake, K Wittinger, WT TI Landscape evaluation of grizzly bear habitat in western Montana SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SWAN-MOUNTAINS; DEMOGRAPHY; ROADS; GIS AB We present a method for evaluating the cumulative effects of human activity on grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) habitat in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem of western Montana. Using logistic regression, we modeled the relative probabilities of female grizzly bear resource selection from telemetry data, TM satellite imagery (greenness), elevation, human activity points, roads, and trails. During spring, adult female grizzly bears were positively associated with low- and mid-elevation habitats. Logistic regression coefficients were negative for all road and human activity variables. Summer and fall coefficients were also negative for road, human activity, and trail variables. During summer and fall, females were positively associated with mid to high elevations. Coefficients were positive for greenness during all seasons. Extrapolations of seasonal potential and realized habitat models were made to other areas on the western side of the region where no telemetry data existed. During spring, much of the Bob Marshall Wilderness exhibited a relatively low probability of use by female grizzly bears, but the converse was observed during summer and fall. The mapping and extrapolation process highlighted areas where habitat restoration would have the greatest benefit. These areas were typically low-elevation spring habitats with high road densities and private lands where urbanization occurred. We recommend that habitat management agencies implement reductions in road densities in seasonal habitat and implement methods to maintain habitat function on private lands. C1 Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. Univ Montana, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Grizzly Bear Recovery Off, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. US Forest Serv, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. RP Mace, RD (reprint author), Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, 490 N Meridian Rd, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. EM rmace@digisys.net NR 35 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 6 U2 32 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 367 EP 377 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.013002367.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 181YX UT WOS:000079472000020 ER PT J AU Zhu, JT Meinersmann, RJ Hiett, KL Evans, DL AF Zhu, JT Meinersmann, RJ Hiett, KL Evans, DL TI Apoptotic effect of outer-membrane proteins from Campylobacter jejuni on chicken lymphocytes SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXIN PRODUCTION; T-CELLS; COLONIZATION; INFECTIONS; VIRUS; GASTROENTERITIS; INDUCTION; STRAINS; FLOCKS AB Campylobacter jejuni is a significant cause of food-borne diseases in humans. The bacterium is considered a commensal organism in chickens, and it can heavily colonize chickens without causing inflammation. Poultry may be the major reservoir for the human infection in developed countries. Here we show that an outer-membrane protein extract prepared from the bacteria caused apoptosis of chicken lymphocytes detected in vitro with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay that preferentially labels individual apoptotic cells. Blood- and spleen-lymphocytes from different-aged chickens displayed a significantly greater percentage of apoptotic cells after culture with the outer-membrane proteins from C. jejuni than controls treated with phosphate-buffered saline, chicken ovalbumin, or outer-membrane proteins prepared from E. coli strain BL21. The C. jejuni extract also produced apoptosis of chicken lymphoblastoid tumor cell lines. Apoptosis was blocked by pretreating the extract with proteinase K or antiserum against outer-membrane proteins. The results suggest that C. jejuni may be capable of achieving immune avoidance in chickens by causing apoptosis of lymphocytes. C1 USDA ARS, Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Med Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Meinersmann, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, POB 5677,950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30604 USA. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 4 BP 244 EP 249 DI 10.1007/PL00006795 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 177ZW UT WOS:000079241800009 PM 10069862 ER PT J AU Kaneshiro, T Kuo, TM Nakamura, LK AF Kaneshiro, T Kuo, TM Nakamura, LK TI Conversion of unsaturated fatty acids by bacteria isolated from compost SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OLEIC-ACID; WAX ESTERS; ACINETOBACTER; DIVERSITY; OXIDATION; STRAINS; MANURE; SOIL AB A compost mixture amended with soybean oil was enriched in microorganisms that transformed unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). When oleic acid or 10-ketostearic acid was the selective fatty acid, Sphingobacterium thalpophilum (NRRL B-23206, NRRL B-23208, NRRL B-23209, NRRL B-23210, NRRL B-23211, NRRL B-23212), Acinetobacter spp. (NRRL B-23207, NRRL B-23213), and Enterobacter cloacae (NRRL B-23264, NRRL B-23265, NRRL B-23266) represented isolates that produced either hydroxystearic acid, ketostearic acid, or incomplete decarboxylations. When ricinoleic (12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic) acid was the selective UFA, Enterobacter cloacae (NRRL B-23257, NRRL B-23267) and Escherichia sp. (NRRL B-23259) produced 12-C and 14-C homologous compounds, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NRRL B-23256, NRRL B-23260) converted ricinoleate to a trihydroxyoctadecenoate product. Also, various Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Serratia spp. appeared to decarboxylate linoleate substrate incompletely. These saprophytic, compost bacteria were aerobic or facultative anaerobic Gram-negative and decomposed UFAs through decarboxylation, hydroxylation, and hydroperoxidation mechanisms. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kuo, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 4 BP 250 EP 255 DI 10.1007/PL00006796 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 177ZW UT WOS:000079241800010 PM 10069863 ER PT J AU Sederoff, RR MacKay, JJ Ralph, J Hatfield, RD AF Sederoff, RR MacKay, JJ Ralph, J Hatfield, RD TI Unexpected variation in lignin SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CINNAMYL-ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; CYTOCHROME P450-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASES; LOBLOLLY-PINE; SUSPENSION-CULTURES; NICOTIANA-TABACUM; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; DFRC METHOD; LIGNIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; NMR AB Recent studies on mutant and transgenic plants indicate that lignification may be far more flexible than previously realized. Pines with a mutation affecting the biosynthesis of the major lignin precursor, coniferyl alcohol, show a high level of an unusual subunit, dihydroconiferyl alcohol. These results argue in favor of an increased potential for genetic modification of lignin and indicate that our knowledge of the biosynthesis of lignin is far from complete. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, Forest Biotechnol Grp, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry, Forest Biotechnol Grp, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM volvo@unity.ncsu.edu RI MacKay, John/M-6978-2014 OI MacKay, John/0000-0002-4883-195X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM45344-06] NR 75 TC 132 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 23 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 EI 1879-0356 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 2 IS 2 BP 145 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S1369-5266(99)80029-6 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 185XD UT WOS:000079695500014 PM 10322194 ER PT J AU Sunehag, AL Haymond, MW Schanler, RJ Reeds, PJ Bier, DM AF Sunehag, AL Haymond, MW Schanler, RJ Reeds, PJ Bier, DM TI Gluconeogenesis in very low birth weight infants receiving total parenteral nutrition SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ISOTOPOMER DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS; STEADY-STATE HYPERGLYCEMIA; GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION; PRETERM INFANTS; HUMAN NEWBORN; EXTREMELY PREMATURE; LEUCINE METABOLISM; GLYCEROL TURNOVER; BODY-COMPOSITION AB Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants are dependent on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to prevent hypoglycemia and provide a sufficient energy intake. However, diminished tolerance for parenteral glucose delivered at high rates frequently provokes hyperglycemia. We hypothesized that when their glucose supply is reduced to prevent hyperglycemia, VLBW infants can maintain normoglycemia via gluconeogenesis from glycerol and amino acids. Twenty infants born at 27 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- SE) gestational weeks and having a birth weight of 996 +/- 28 g, received lipids (1.6 +/- 0.1 mg.kg(-1).min(-1)), protein (2.2 0.1 mg.kg(-1).min(-1)), and glucose (3.1 +/- 0.1 mg.kg(-1).min(-1) [17.1 +/- 0.2 mu mol.kg(-1).min(-1)]) parenterally over a period of 8-12 h on day 5.0 +/- 0.2 of life. Gluconeogenesis was estimated using [U-C-13]glucose (n = 8) or [2-C-13] glycerol (n = 6) and mass isotopomer distribution analysis (MIDA), or (H2O)-H-2 (n = 6) and the rate of deuterium incorporation in carbon 6 of glucose. Blood glucose averaged 3.0 +/- 0.1 mmol/l; plasma glucose appearance rate (glucose Ra), 28.8 +/- 1.1 mu mol.kg(-1).min(-1); and glucose production rate (GPR), 10.7 +/- 1.0 mu mol.kg(-1).min(-1) The [U-C-13]glucose and [2-C-13]glycerol tracers provided similar estimates of gluconeogenesis, averaging 28 +/- 2 and 26 +/- 2% of glucose Ra and 72 +/- 5 and 73 +/- 9% of GPR, respectively. Glycerol contributed 64 +/- 5% of total gluconeogenesis. Gluconeogenesis measured by (H2O)-H-2, which does not include the contribution from glycerol, was comparable to the nonglycerol fraction of gluconeogenesis derived by the [2-C-13]glycerol MIDA. We conclude that in VLBW infants receiving TPN, normoglycemia was maintained during reduced glucose infusion by glucose production primarily derived from gluconeogenesis, and that glycerol was the principal gluconeogenic substrate. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Sunehag, AL (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM asunehag@bcm.tmc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-001888] NR 66 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD APR PY 1999 VL 48 IS 4 BP 791 EP 800 DI 10.2337/diabetes.48.4.791 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 180UG UT WOS:000079403100016 PM 10102696 ER PT J AU Dyer, CJ Touchette, KJ Carroll, JA Allee, GL Matteri, RL AF Dyer, CJ Touchette, KJ Carroll, JA Allee, GL Matteri, RL TI Cloning of porcine prepro-orexin cDNA and effects of an intramuscular injection of synthetic porcine orexin-B on feed intake in young pigs SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Early growth is an important determinant of gain and efficiency in growing pigs. A major limiting factor of piglet growth is feed intake. Orexins, newly discovered neuropeptides, may be important regulators of appetite. The orexin gene, which encodes orexin-A and -B, was recently identified in rodents and man. The objectives of this study were to clone the cDNA for porcine orexin, utilize the cDNA sequence information to produce synthetic hormone, and evaluate the effect of orexin administration on feed intake in weanling pigs. Oligonucleotide primers were designed for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction production of porcine orexin cDNA. The polymerase-chain-reaction products were cloned, sequenced, and found to be 88.5% homologous to the human orexin sequence. Predicted translation of porcine orexin cDNA revealed orexin-A and -B amino acid sequences that were 100% and 96% homologous to the known human peptides, respectively. Porcine orexin-B was synthesized according to the predicted sequence. Twenty-six cross-bred piglets were utilized in three replicates (n = 8-10/replicate). Piglets were weaned between 2-3 wk of age. One week after weaning, equal numbers of animals in each replicate received intramuscular (im) injections of orexin-B (3 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle (sterile water). Feed intake was monitored from -24 to 24 h relative to injection (time 0). The orexin-injected pigs ingested an additional meal at 12 h when compared with the control animals (P = 0.02). Cumulative feed intake was increased by orexin-B administration from 12 to 24 h postinjection (P less than or equal to 0.05). Total feed intake at 24 h was improved by 18% in orexin-treated pigs (P = 0.05). The ability to stimulate appetite during critical periods of early growth, particularly following weaning, could result in significant improvements in swine-production efficiency. (C) Elsevier Science Inc. 1999. C1 Univ Missouri, Anim Sci Res Ctr, USDA, Anim Physiol Res Unit,Agr Res Serv, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Dyer, CJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Anim Sci Res Ctr, USDA, Anim Physiol Res Unit,Agr Res Serv, Room S-107, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 6 TC 57 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 16 IS 3 BP 145 EP 148 DI 10.1016/S0739-7240(99)00011-9 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 197CE UT WOS:000080346400001 PM 10343916 ER PT J AU Lewandrowski, J Darwin, RF Tsigas, M Raneses, A AF Lewandrowski, J Darwin, RF Tsigas, M Raneses, A TI Estimating costs of protecting global ecosystem diversity SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE ecological diversity; biological diversity; computable general equilibrium model; geographic information system ID BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; PRESERVATION; CONSERVATION AB We estimate the costs to regional economies (as measured by the value of market goods and services forgone) from setting aside land to protect ecosystem diversity. Globally, our framework incorporates 43 unique sets of biological resources. The total annual costs (in 1990 dollars) of retiring 5, 10, and 15% of the world's land area to protect these resources are $45.5, $93.3, and $143.8 billion, respectively. About 45% of global costs occur in Japan and the EC; the US cost share is 15%. Among regional economies, the most impacted sectors are crops, livestock, and forest products. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Amer Petr Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA. RP Lewandrowski, J (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 IS 1 BP 111 EP 125 DI 10.1016/S0921-8009(98)00058-5 PG 15 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA 202BY UT WOS:000080633300019 ER PT J AU Whitbey, RM AF Whitbey, RM TI Green bean extract-induced oviposition site preference in laboratory reared western tarnished plant bug (Heteroptera : Miridae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lygus hesperus; extracts; green beans; oviposition AB Lygus hesperus Knight is a major pest of agricultural crops in the San Joaquin Valley of California. They have been the subject of many laboratory studies over the years and many protocols. exist for their rearing. This article examines the feasibility of using an artificial egg oviposition packet instead of organic material or an artificial diet packet. When given the choice between diet packets and egg packets treated with an extract of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), females chose egg packets significantly more often than diet packets. When given the choice between packets treated with green bean seed or green bean pod shell extract, females chose packets treated with shell extract significantly more often than those treated with seed extract. Treating egg packets with gr een bean extract encourages female L, hesperus to oviposit on them and produces the greatest yield of offspring. C1 ARS, USDA, PWA, Shafter, CA 93263 USA. RP Whitbey, RM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PWA, 17053 N Shafter Ave, Shafter, CA 93263 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 2 BP 201 EP 204 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 192CZ UT WOS:000080061800009 ER PT J AU Simmons, AM AF Simmons, AM TI Nymphal survival and movement of crawlers of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) on leaf surfaces of selected vegetables SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci B-strain; survival; vegetable; behavior; crawler; host effect ID TABACI HOMOPTERA; OVIPOSITION; MORTALITY; BEHAVIOR AB Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring generally feeds and develops on the under leaf surface of most host plants, but in excess of 50% of the immature population may be found on the upper surface of some host species. This study determined the influence of leaf surface on survival of immature B, argentifolii and the likelihood of movement by the crawler (1st instar) from the upper (adaxial) leaf surface on selected vegetable hosts. Laboratory tests were conducted on 5 vegetables: cantaloupe, Cucumis melo L.; collard, Brassica oleracea ssp. acephala de Condolle; cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L) Walpers ssp. unguiculata; pepper, Capsicum annuum L. ssp, annuum; and tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Miller. Survival to the 1st instar was high (85-95%) on the upper leaf surface on all hosts. Survival to the adult stage was similar between whitefly nymphs on the upper and lower leaf surfaces within each host crop, except more survived on the lower surface of cowpea compared with the upper surface. Movement of the crawlers from the upper to the lower surface was high on pepper ((approximate to 80%),cantaloupe (approximate to 55%), and cowpea (approximate to 55%). Conversely, less movement to the lower surface was observed on collard (approximate to 18%) and tomato (approximate to 30%). The impetus to move from the upper surface appears primarily a response to feeding and tactile cues instead of responses to geotropic or phototropic stimuli. C1 ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Simmons, AM (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2875 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 2 BP 212 EP 216 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 192CZ UT WOS:000080061800011 PM 11543187 ER PT J AU Zlotina, MA Mastro, VC Elkinton, JS Leonard, DE AF Zlotina, MA Mastro, VC Elkinton, JS Leonard, DE TI Dispersal tendencies of neonate larvae of Lymantria mathura and the Asian form of Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lymantria mathura; Asian gypsy moth; larval dispersal; settling velocity; diel periodicity ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; SURVIVAL; QUALITY AB Recently, Asian gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), infestations have been found in Oregon, Washington, and British Colombia In at least 1 case, circumstantial evidence suggests that the introduction occurred through airborne dispersal of neonates from grain ships that had been infested in the Far Eastern ports of Russia. Egg masses of Asian gypsy moth and another lymantriid, Lymantria mathura Moore, have been intercepted on the same ships. Both species are polyphagous defoliators of trees and could easily achieve pest status if established in North America Neonate larvae of both species are capable of airborne dispersal, although there is no information on dispersal rates, or, for L. mathura, on settling velocities. We studied dispersal rates, settling velocities and diel periodicity of dispersal for both lymantriids, so this information could be incorporated into models that predict probable extent of neonate dispersal. Dispersal rates for L. mathura exceed those of Asian and North American gypsy moths. Neonates of L. mathura weigh less and have a slower settling velocity than Asian or North American gypsy moths, which allows them to be dispersed by wind for greater distances. C1 USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Otis Plant Protect Ctr, Otis ANGB, MA 02542 USA. RP Zlotina, MA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 2 BP 240 EP 245 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 192CZ UT WOS:000080061800015 ER PT J AU Kelson, AR Lilieholm, RJ AF Kelson, AR Lilieholm, RJ TI Transboundary issues in wilderness management SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE adjacent lands; buffer zones; ecosystem management; wilderness; zones of influence ID GLACIER NATIONAL-PARK; NATURE-RESERVES; LANDSCAPE AB The management of lands adjacent to federally designated wilderness is increasingly seen to have the potential to negatively impact wilderness resources and management objectives. This paper first examines the numerous and often conflicting laws and regulations that influence how managers can mitigate transboundary issues. We then examine the various types of transboundary issues, and describe how they impact wilderness resources. Transboundary issues include recreational use, extractive activities, fire management, exotic species introductions, aircraft overflights and military operations, water diversion. urban encroachment, and transported pollutants. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Kelson, AR (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1800 M St NW,Room 4041, Washington, DC 20036 USA. OI Lilieholm, Robert J./0000-0002-5993-8189 NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD APR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 3 BP 297 EP 305 DI 10.1007/s002679900187 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 171HU UT WOS:000078858200002 ER PT J AU Riley, RT Voss, KA Norred, WP Bacon, CW Meredith, FI Sharma, RP AF Riley, RT Voss, KA Norred, WP Bacon, CW Meredith, FI Sharma, RP TI Serine palmitoyltransferase inhibition reverses anti-proliferative effects of ceramide synthase inhibition in cultured renal cells and suppresses free sphingoid base accumulation in kidney of BALBc mice SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; fumonisin; Fusarium moniliforme; myriocin; proliferation; sphingolipids; sphinganine ID FUMONISIN B-1; COMPLEX SPHINGOLIPIDS; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; LLC-PK1 CELLS; BIOSYNTHESIS; SPHINGANINE; METABOLISM; EXPOSURE; CYTOTOXICITY; DISRUPTION AB The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the fungal serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) inhibitor, myriocin, to prevent the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of fumonisin B-1, in cultured pig kidney epithelial cells, LLC-PK1,. In an earlier study with LLC-PK1, cells, beta-chloroalanine (a nonspecific SPT inhibitor) was found to inhibit the fumonisin-induced accumulation of free sphinganine by >90% but only partially reversed (50-60%) fumonisin's antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects. beta-Chloroalanine is not the ideal SPT inhibitor for this type of study because it also inhibits other pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes. A potent and selective fungal SPT inhibitor (myriocin) was partially purified from liquid cultures of Isaria (= Cordyceps) sinclairii by a combination of organic extraction and column chromatography. The various fractions were bioassayed for their ability to inhibit fumonisin-induced sphinganine accumulation in LLC-PK1, cells. The activity in partially purified material was compared to the activity of highly purified myriocin and the results expressed as myriocin equivalents. The estimated IC50 and IC50 for inhibition of fumonisin-induced sphinganine accumulation were approximately 1.8 and 22 nM, respectively. The IC50 concentration of the fungal SPT inhibitor reversed the antiproliferative effects and prevented fumonisin-induced apoptosis after 48 h exposure to 50 mu M fumonisin B-1. The SPT inhibitor was also effective at reducing free sphinganine in vivo. Free sphinganine concentration was reduced 60% in kidney of mice injected i.p. with SPT inhibitor plus fumonisin B, when compared to fumonisin B-1 alone. The ability of SPT inhibition to reduce fumonisin B-1-induced sphinganine accumulation in vivo may be useful in the development of therapeutic agents for treatment of animals suspected to have been exposed to toxic levels of fumonisin in feeds. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Riley, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1382-6689 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL PHAR JI Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 7 IS 2 BP 109 EP 118 DI 10.1016/S1382-6689(98)00047-7 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 204KE UT WOS:000080762800003 PM 21781915 ER PT J AU Tuttle, J Gomez, T Doyle, MP Wells, JG Zhao, T Tauxe, RV Griffin, PM AF Tuttle, J Gomez, T Doyle, MP Wells, JG Zhao, T Tauxe, RV Griffin, PM TI Lessons from a large outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 infections: insights into the infectious dose and method of widespread contamination of hamburger patties SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEY; BLOODY DIARRHEA; GROUND BEEF; TRANSMISSION; SEROTYPE; DEATH AB Between November 1992 and February 1993, a large outbreak of Eschelichia coli O157:H7 infections occurred in the western USA and was associated with eating ground beef patties at restaurants of one fast-food chain. Restaurants that were epidemiologically linked with cases served patties produced on two consecutive dates; cultures of recalled ground beef patties produced on those dates yielded E. coli O157,H7 strains indistinguishable from those isolated from patients, confirming the vehicle of illness. Seventy-six ground beef patty samples were cultured quantitatively for E. coli O157:H7. The median most probable number of organisms was 1.5 per gram (range, < 0.3-15) or 67.5 organisms per patty (range, < 13.5-675). Correlation of the presence of E. coli O157:H7 with other bacterial indicators yielded a significant association between coliform count and the presence of E. coli O157:H7 (P = 0.04). A meat traceback to investigate possible sources of contamination revealed cattle were probably initially colonized with E, coli O157:H7, and that their slaughter caused surface contamination of meat, which once combined with meat from other sources, resulted in a large number of contaminated ground beef patties. Microbiological testing of meat from lots consumed by persons who became ill was suggestive of an infectious dose for E. coli O157:H7 of fewer than 700 organisms. These findings present a strong argument for enforcing zero tolerance for this organism in processed food and for markedly decreasing contamination of raw ground beef. Process controls that incorporate microbiological testing of meat may assist these efforts. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Foodborne & Diarrheal Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Georgia, Georgia Stn, Ctr Food Safety & Qual Enhancement, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Tuttle, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Foodborne & Diarrheal Dis Branch, Mailstop A-38,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 28 TC 182 Z9 190 U1 1 U2 14 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD APR PY 1999 VL 122 IS 2 BP 185 EP 192 DI 10.1017/S0950268898001976 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 201KV UT WOS:000080594700001 PM 10355781 ER PT J AU Aramini, JJ Stephen, C Dubey, JP Engelstoft, C Schwantje, H Ribble, CS AF Aramini, JJ Stephen, C Dubey, JP Engelstoft, C Schwantje, H Ribble, CS TI Potential contamination of drinking water with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID SEROLOGIC DIAGNOSIS; TISSUE CYSTS; SWINE FARMS; INFECTION; CATS; SENSITIVITY; SPECIFICITY; RESPONSES; MAMMALS; TESTS AB The world's first documented toxoplasmosis outbreak associated with a municipal water supply was recognized in 1995 in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. It was hypothesized that domestic cat (Felis catus) or cougar (Felis concolor) faeces contaminated a surface water reservoir with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts, An extensive investigation of the Victoria watershed 1 year following the outbreak documented the presence of an endemic T, gondii cycle involving the animals inhabiting the area. Cats and cougars were observed throughout the watershed. Serological evidence of T. gondii infection was demonstrated among domestic cats living in the Victoria area. Cougars were found to shed T, gondii oocysts. Serological evidence of T. gondii infection in deer mice living in the riparian environments of the watershed suggested that T. gondii oocysts were being shed near the water edge. Contamination of Victoria's water supply with T. gondii oocysts potentially occurred during the study period and future waterborne toxoplasmosis outbreaks in this and other communities are possible. C1 Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, Dept Herd Med & Theriogenol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. Malaspina Univ Coll, Ctr Coastal Hlth, Nanaimo, BC, Canada. USDA, Agr Res Serv, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Alula Biol Consulting, Saanichton, BC, Canada. RP Aramini, JJ (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Ontario Vet Coll, Dept Populat Med, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. NR 40 TC 95 Z9 99 U1 6 U2 17 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD APR PY 1999 VL 122 IS 2 BP 305 EP 315 DI 10.1017/S0950268899002113 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 201KV UT WOS:000080594700017 PM 10355797 ER PT J AU Kelemu, S Skinner, DZ Badel, JL Moreno, CX Rodriguez, MX Fernandes, CD Charchar, MJ Chakraborty, S AF Kelemu, S Skinner, DZ Badel, JL Moreno, CX Rodriguez, MX Fernandes, CD Charchar, MJ Chakraborty, S TI Genetic diversity in South American Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates from Stylosanthes guianensis, a tropical forage legume SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anthracnose; pathotypes; genetic diversity; Stylosanthes ID AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RICE BLAST FUNGUS; POPULATIONS; AMPLIFICATION; AUSTRALIA; PATHOTYPE; VIRULENCE; RACES AB The degree of genetic diversity of 127 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates from Stylosanthes guianensis genotypes in South America was measured at the molecular level by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) with nine arbitrary primers of 10 bases, and by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with a non-LTR (long terminal repeats) retrotransposon DNA sequence. The RAPD products revealed scorable polymorphism among the isolates, and a total of 80 band positions were scored. Sixty-three of the 127 isolates were clustered into 13 distinct lineages usually correlating with geographic origin. Where isolates from various regions were clustered together, most had identical host genotype origin. The pathogen population sampled from Carimagua, Colombia, a long-time Stylosanthes breeding and selection site, with a savanna ecosystem, was highly diverse. A set of 12 S. guianensis genotype differentials was used to characterize pathogenic variability of 104 isolates and their virulence patterns were grouped into 57 pathotypes. However, when they were tested on four Australian differentials, they grouped into 11 pathotypes. As shown in previous studies, no strict correlations existed between genetic diversity measured by RAPD or RFLP, and pathotype defined by pathogenicity pattern on the differentials. Southern blot analysis of the 127 isolates revealed 23 hybridizing fragments, resulting in 41 fingerprint patterns among the 127 isolates. Relationships between RFLP and RAPD variables were examined using Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient, which showed that the two measures of genotypic variation are in agreement. C1 Ctr Int Agr Trop, Trop Forages Program, Cali, Colombia. Kansas State Univ, USDA, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EMBRAPA, CNPGC, Campo Grande, Brazil. EMBRAPA, Planaltina, Brazil. CSIRO, Cunningham Lab, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. RP Kelemu, S (reprint author), Ctr Int Agr Trop, Trop Forages Program, Apartado Aereo 6713, Cali, Colombia. RI Chakraborty, Sukumar/C-5513-2009 NR 36 TC 16 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 105 IS 3 BP 261 EP 272 DI 10.1023/A:1008764428437 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 206EW UT WOS:000080865200005 ER PT J AU Sorensen, FC AF Sorensen, FC TI Relationship between self-fertility, allocation of growth, and inbreeding depression in three coniferous species SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Abies procera; Douglas-fir; inbreeding depression; noble fir; photomorphogenic effects; Pinus ponderosa; ponderosa pine; Pseudotsuga menziesii ID DOUGLAS-FIR; STEM-FORM; NOBLE FIR; PLANTED SEEDLINGS; OUTCROSSING RATES; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; PONDEROSA PINE; DIALLEL CROSS; MATING SYSTEM; BLACK SPRUCE AB Mortality and growth of self and outcross families of three wind-pollinated, mixed-mating, long-lived conifers, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), and noble fir (Abies procera) were followed from outplanting to age 26 (25 for noble fir) in spaced plantings at a common test site. Response to inbreeding differed greatly among species over time and in all regards. Only Douglas-fir and noble fir will be contrasted here, because ponderosa pine usually was intermediate to the other two in its response to inbreeding. In earlier reports, compared to noble fir Douglas-fir had a higher rate of primary selfing and larger inbreeding depression in seed set. Douglas-fir continued to have higher inbreeding depression in nursery and early field survival. The species differed in time courses of inbreeding depression in height and in allocation of growth due to crowding. Between ages 6 and 12, the relative elongation rate (dm.dm(-1).yr(-1)) of Douglas-fir was significantly greater in the selfs than in the outcrosses. The response was not observed in noble fir. At final measurement, inbreeding depression in diameter relative to inbreeding depression in height was greater in Douglas-fir than in noble fir. At final measurement inbreeding depression in height was inversely related to inbreeding depression in survival. Cumulative inbreeding depressions from time of fertilization to final measurement were 0.98, 0.94, and 0.83 for Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, and noble fir, respectively, which indicates that selfs will not contribute to the mature, reproductive populations. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Sorensen, FC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 81 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC STUDY EVOLUTION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0014-3820 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD APR PY 1999 VL 53 IS 2 BP 417 EP 425 DI 10.2307/2640778 PG 9 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 195AN UT WOS:000080227100011 ER PT J AU Davey, RB George, JE Hunter, JS Jeannin, P AF Davey, RB George, JE Hunter, JS Jeannin, P TI Evaluation of a pour-on formulation of fipronil against Boophilus annulatus (Acari : Ixodidae) under natural South Texas field conditions SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Boophilus annulatus; Acari; fipronil; acaricide; pour-on; field study ID MICROPLUS ACARI; CATTLE; COUMAPHOS; EFFICACY AB A long-term field study (60 consecutive weeks) was conducted to determine whether a Boophilus annulatus (Say) population could be eradicated through repeated applications of a 1% pour-on formulation of fipronil on cattle held in an infested pasture. Animals treated repeatedly over time (seven applications) were infested with significantly fewer (p < 0.05) female ticks (5 mm in size) than untreated animals in all except one of the 57 weekly tick counts conducted after the first treatment was applied. As the number of treatments increased over time, there was a progressive decrease in the number of instances in which engorging females were observed on the treated cattle. Tick numbers obtained from sentinel cattle placed in pasture with untreated and treated cattle at various intervals throughout the study indicated that a single fipronil treatment had no observable adverse effect on the field tick population. However, after two treatments had been applied, there were always dramatically fewer ticks obtained from sentinel animals placed with treated cattle than were observed on sentinel animals placed with untreated cattle. Furthermore, tick numbers obtained from sentinel cattle placed with treated cattle over time indicated that the tick population in the pasture declined by stages. While a single treatment had no effect on the tick population, the application of two to four fipronil treatments at various intervals dramatically reduced the tick population, even though substantial numbers of females were still present on the sentinel animals. Ultimately, the application of five to seven fipronil treatments resulted in an extremely low tick population in the pasture, although total eradication of the population was not achieved during the study. The mean weight gain of treated animals was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than untreated animals during the study, indicating that the fipronil treatments had a highly beneficial impact on weight gain production. C1 USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Mission, TX 78573 USA. USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78029 USA. Merial Inc, Athens, GA 30601 USA. Merial Inc, Lab Toulouse, F-31057 Toulouse, France. RP Davey, RB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, POB 970, Mission, TX 78573 USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 4 BP 351 EP 364 DI 10.1023/A:1006183419301 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 202RF UT WOS:000080665400007 ER PT J AU Oven, P Torelli, N Shortle, WC Zupancic, M AF Oven, P Torelli, N Shortle, WC Zupancic, M TI The formation of a ligno-suberised layer and necrophylactic periderm in beech bark (Fagus sylvatica L.) SO FLORA LA English DT Article DE bark; wound response; ligno-suberised layer; necrophylactic periderm; Fagus sylvatica ID TREE BARK; HISTOCHEMISTRY; SUBERIZATION; INFECTION; TISSUE; INJURY AB Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) bark was wounded in early April of 1993 and tissue changes followed on days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 84, 112, and 140. In 7 days, tissue at the wound surface became necrotic and discoloured. In 14 days the walls of the parenchyma cells immediately underneath the necrotic tissue became thickened and after 21 days became lignified. In 28 days these lignified cells showed intracellular suberisation. In 42 days the ligno-suberised layer was continuous with the phellem of the superficial periderm. In 35 days we first noted differentiation of the necrophylactic phellogen under the ligno-suberised layer. In 49 days suberised phellem of the necrophylactic periderm differentiated. At 112 days the phellem of the necrophylactic periderm had coalesced with that of the surface periderm. In 140 days abscission of the wound rhytidome began. The formation of a ligno-suberised layer and the necrophylactic periderm started in the nonconducting phloem under the basal region of the wound and proceeded from there in two directions: toward the tissue under the original periderm and along the sclerified rays toward the cambium. Sclerified phloem rays protruding into the xylem rays did not prevent the formation of a ligno-suberised layer and necrophylactic periderm in beech. It is supposed that the ligno-suberised layer and the necrophylactic periderm in European beech is generated from living cells extant at the time of wounding as well as from recent phloic derivatives of the vascular cambium. C1 Univ Ljubljana, Biotech Fac, Dept Wood Sci & Technol, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. USDA, Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Oven, P (reprint author), Univ Ljubljana, Biotech Fac, Dept Wood Sci & Technol, Rozna Dolina VII-34, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. NR 43 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 10 PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX NO.100 537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0367-2530 J9 FLORA JI Flora PD APR PY 1999 VL 194 IS 2 BP 137 EP 144 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 186GZ UT WOS:000079721700001 ER PT J AU Watkins, B Lu, YC Chen, YR AF Watkins, B Lu, YC Chen, YR TI Economic value and cost of automated on-line poultry inspection for the US broiler industry SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE automated inspection; boiler industry; economic value and cost ID CARCASS INSPECTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEM AB The US Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) uses visual (organoleptic) methods to inspect individual carcasses on-line at US broiler slaughter plants. The current system is very labor-intensive and is directly related to industry production capacity. Continued expansion of production capacity within the broiler industry requires additional staffing of FSIS inspectors. However, FSIS is currently under a hiring freeze. Also, FSIS wants to redeploy on-line inspectors to more pressing tasks, such as the oversight of industry compliance with food safety and pathogen reduction standards. This study evaluates the economic value and costs of using an automated inspection technology in place of visual organoleptic inspection in the US broiler industry for the period 1997-2001. The results indicate the US broiler industry would gain from $1.55-$2.57 billion in discounted throughput value over the next five years if automated inspection is used in place of organoliptic methods and line speeds are operated at 100 birds per min. The results also indicate FSIS could redeploy approximately 1342 inspectors to other in-plant tasks by adopting automated inspection, but would have to pay additional expenses related to the installation of the technology in slaughter plants. These additional expenses range from $32 to $59 million in discounted cost over the five-year period, and could be payed either in part or in whole by the broiler industry. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Remote Sensing & Modeling Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Watkins, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Remote Sensing & Modeling Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 2 BP 69 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0956-7135(98)00159-5 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 199AL UT WOS:000080457000002 ER PT J AU McNamara, PE Ranney, CK Kantor, LS Krebs-Smith, SM AF McNamara, PE Ranney, CK Kantor, LS Krebs-Smith, SM TI The gap between food intakes and the Pyramid recommendations: measurement and food system ramifications SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE dietary patterns; food intakes; dietary recommendations; food guide pyramid; CSFII; US diet ID DIETARY SOURCES; ENERGY-INTAKE; US CHILDREN; NUTRIENTS; ADULTS AB This paper measures the current gap in food consumption between dietary guidelines and estimated food intakes. Information on the adherence of the US diet to the guidelines comes from two sources: the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) and the USDA's annual Food Supply Data (FSD) Series. We review previous studies and supplement these with our own analysis of the 1994 CSFII and Food Supply data with Food Guide Pyramid serving recommendations. These analyses show that the greatest relative gaps occur in the fruit and dairy groups, and added sugars; smaller gaps exist for the other food groups. We also consider how future demographic changes will influence the size of these gaps. If current dietary patterns are maintained in each category of age, sex, and ethnicity, then we project substantial future increases in the gap at the aggregate food supply level for most food groups. The magnitude of the gap between current intakes and the Pyramid recommendations suggests the need for continued increases in agricultural productivity, higher resource use, and greater levels of international trade if the gap is to be closed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Agr Resource & Managerial Econ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Econ Res Serv, Food & Rural Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP McNamara, PE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Agr Resource & Managerial Econ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 117 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S0306-9192(99)00020-2 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 209YT UT WOS:000081078300002 ER PT J AU Duxbury, JM Welch, RM AF Duxbury, JM Welch, RM TI Agriculture and dietary guidelines SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE agriculture-nutrition linkage; health; dietary guidelines; crop quality AB Relative to USDA dietary guidelines there is a 30% deficit in vegetable production and a 100% deficit in fruit production in the US. The western US, especially California, dominates current production of both fresh and processed fruits and vegetables. Constraints in land and water resources in California suggest that some shifts in production could occur in the future if production is matched to self sufficiency. Opportunities exist for production to increase in the eastern half of the US where water is abundant, especially for processed products. Even regions with long winters, such as the northeast, could be self sufficient in fruits and vegetables. Past responses of agriculture to producing more healthy products include vegetable oils, low fat milk and greater production of poultry. Crop improvement programs have not included nutrition and health characteristics as a guiding principle and much potential to improve these traits in fruits and vegetables exists. Greater understanding of the effects of environmental and management factors on crop 'quality' is needed and strategies to produce nutritionally consistent products should be developed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Soil Crop & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USDA, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Duxbury, JM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Soil Crop & Atmospher Sci, 235 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 197 EP 209 DI 10.1016/S0306-9192(99)00021-4 PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 209YT UT WOS:000081078300007 ER PT J AU Blaylock, J Smallwood, D Kassel, K Variyam, J Aldrich, L AF Blaylock, J Smallwood, D Kassel, K Variyam, J Aldrich, L TI Economics, food choices, and nutrition SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE convenience; time preferences; nutrition knowledge; diet quality ID CHOLESTEROL INFORMATION; EGG CONSUMPTION; CHILD HEIGHT; HEALTH; KNOWLEDGE; DETERMINANTS; MODEL; FAT; US AB Our goal in this paper is to examine the role and influence of economic factors, defined rather broadly, on consumer food choices, and, hence, nutritional outcomes. We attempt to do this in a non-technical fashion. We examine the role of prices, especially as they relate to the affordability of food in the United States and as a policy lever. Income is analyzed as a driving force behind changes in eating habits, in particular increasing the demand for convenience. The role of time constraints as well as time preference are examined as links to healthy eating habits and as fords behind current trends in eating patterns. Information and knowledge are given prominent play as counter balances to economic forces driving eating habits. We conclude with and examination into maternal nutrition knowledge and children's dietary quality. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Blaylock, J (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1800 M St NW,Room N2149, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 65 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 269 EP 286 DI 10.1016/S0306-9192(99)00029-9 PG 18 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 209YT UT WOS:000081078300013 ER PT J AU Collins, K AF Collins, K TI Public policy and the supply of food SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE dietary guidelines; farm programs; food supply; food demand; nutrition education AB Current policies and programs affecting the supply of food are examined and options assessed for changes that would help generate a food supply consistent with the US population eating according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Potential policy and program changes are identified in three categories: eliminating existing domestic farm and trade program limitations on the US food supply; creating incentives or disincentives, such as taxes or subsidies, to produce foods consistent with the Dietary Guidelines; and influencing consumers directly to choose foods consistent with the Dietary Guidelines. Despite the trend toward liberalization, there remain a few changes in farm and trade policy that would increase consumption of under-consumed foods. Taxes and subsidies are difficult to apply without creating unintended adverse consequences, although removal of production input constraints may be effective. Strategies to influence consumer behavior have advantages over policies designed to affect supplies of foods. Rather than large program interventions, changes in consumer tastes and preferences would drive market forces to efficiently produce the needed food supply. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Collins, K (reprint author), USDA, Room 112-A,Whitten Bldg,1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 311 EP 324 DI 10.1016/S0306-9192(99)00027-5 PG 14 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 209YT UT WOS:000081078300017 ER PT J AU Kennedy, E AF Kennedy, E TI Public policy in nutrition: the US nutrition safety net - past, present and future SO FOOD POLICY LA English DT Article DE nutrition; interventions; welfare reform; food stamps; WIC AB This paper reviews the history of the US nutrition safety net and provides a synopsis of the major evaluation research related to the three major nutrition programs. food stamps, the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) and school feeding. The ability of the cadre of nutrition programs to respond to the changing needs of the target population is viewed as a strength of the safety net. The implications of recent macroeconomic policies on the future role of the nutrition safety net is discussed. The paper ends with an analysis of forces shaping nutrition policies and programs for the 21st century. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Kennedy, E (reprint author), USDA, Whitten Fed Bldg,Room 217-W,1400 Independence SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-9192 J9 FOOD POLICY JI Food Policy PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 325 EP 333 DI 10.1016/S0306-9192(99)00028-7 PG 9 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 209YT UT WOS:000081078300018 ER PT J AU Bolton, DJ Oser, AH Cocoma, GJ Palumbo, SA Miller, AJ AF Bolton, DJ Oser, AH Cocoma, GJ Palumbo, SA Miller, AJ TI Integrating HACCP & TQM reduces port carcass contamination SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAMPYLOBACTER; SALMONELLA C1 ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. Hatfield Qual Meats, Tech Serv, Hatfield, PA 19440 USA. Profess Resource Org, Edmond, OK 73034 USA. RP Bolton, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Ln, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 USA SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 40 EP 43 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 187JM UT WOS:000079783600012 ER PT J AU Britten, P Iwaoka, W AF Britten, P Iwaoka, W TI Helping students develop critical thinking skills SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Hawaii, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Britten, P (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, 3050 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 USA SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 44 EP + PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 187JM UT WOS:000079783600013 ER PT J AU Woodward, B De Groot, R AF Woodward, B De Groot, R TI Tolerance of Wolfiporia cocos isolates to copper in agar media SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BROWN-ROT FUNGI; WOOD PRESERVATIVES; SOIL; FR; MICROFUNGI; TOXICITY; STRAINS; METALS; GRAY AB Several wood preservatives, especially some newer waterborne systems, use copper (II) as a deterrent to wood-decay fungi. However, several brown-rot wood-decay fungi exhibit tolerance to copper. Among these is the genus Wolfiporia, which was at one time included within the taxon Poria (Pres. ex Gray). This research investigated the variations of tolerance to copper among isolates using agar-screening trials. The basis for the characterization of isolates as high, medium, and low copper tolerant is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of copper that deters growth of the isolate. We also compared growth rates among isolates at sublethal levels of copper. The variations of tolerance to copper among isolates of W. cocos in agar media indicate that the difference in copper tolerance is statistically significant among isolates. Interpretative analysis of the radial growth indicates that there is not a strong correlation between rate of growth and tolerance to copper. The copper tolerance of various isolates can have a significant practical impact on the long-term performance of treated-wood products or the bioprocessing of spent wood materials treated with copper-based preservatives. C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Woodward, B (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 33 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 5 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 BP 87 EP 94 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 188GK UT WOS:000079838300014 ER PT J AU Bickford, PC Chadman, K Williams, B Shukitt-Hale, B Holmes, D Taglialatela, G Joseph, J AF Bickford, PC Chadman, K Williams, B Shukitt-Hale, B Holmes, D Taglialatela, G Joseph, J TI Effect of normobaric hyperoxia on two indexes of synaptic function in Fisher 344 rats SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE oxidative stress; aging; hyperoxia; cerebellum; striatum; free radical ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; PROTEIN OXIDATION; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; LIFE-SPAN; PEROXIDATION; HIPPOCAMPUS; OXIDANTS; DISEASES; CATALASE AB The physiological response of two central nervous system neurotransmitter receptors to oxidative stress was studied using the rat model of hyperoxia. We show that hyperoxia leads to a decline in the ability of isoproterenol (ISO) to augment GABAergic responses in cerebellar Purkinje neurons in vivo. This effect is reversed by the N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN). We also show that hyperoxia produces a decline in the ability of oxotremorine (OXO) to stimulate dopamine (DA) release in striatal slices. This effect is accompanied by an increase in hydroxyl radical levels in the CNS reflected in an increase in 2,3-DHBA, suggesting that the change is the result of an increased level of oxidative stress. We also show a time dependent effect of hyperoxia on both beta-adrenergic and muscarinic receptor function. We examined the interaction between age and hyperoxia exposure and found that in 12-month-old rats there is a decline in the baseline response prior to oxygen exposure that may interfere with observing a subsequent effect of hyperoxia. Differential effects were observed between the cerebellum and striatum with respect to the interaction of age and time of oxygen exposure. Overall, the data suggest that age and hyperoxia may be acting via a common mechanism because there was no synergistic effect of the two conditions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Neurosci Program, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Human Biol & Chem, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. EM Paula.Bickford@uchsc.edu RI Bickford, Paula/J-5970-2012 OI Bickford, Paula/0000-0001-9657-7725 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13945, AG04418, AG00728] NR 26 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 26 IS 7-8 BP 817 EP 824 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00260-3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 188KP UT WOS:000079845800004 PM 10232824 ER PT J AU Hohn, TM Krishna, R Proctor, RH AF Hohn, TM Krishna, R Proctor, RH TI Characterization of a transcriptional activator controlling trichothecene toxin biosynthesis SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trichothecenes; TRI6; gene regulation; Fusarium sporotrichioides; Myrothecium roridum; Cys(2)His(2) zinc finger; mycotoxins; gene cluster ID FUSARIUM-SPOROTRICHIOIDES ENCODES; MACROCYCLIC TRICHOTHECENES; TRICHODIENE SYNTHASE; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; GENE-CLUSTER; DISRUPTION; OVERPRODUCTION; MYCOTOXINS; VIRULENCE AB Trichothecene biosynthetic pathway genes are localized within a gene cluster in Fusarium sporotrichioides and require the zinc-finger containing protein, TRI6, for expression. We show here that TRI6 is able to bind within the promoter regions of nine different pathway genes and that TRI6 binding is involved in pathway gene activation. TRI6 binding occurs at three distinct sites in the TRI5 promoter, all of which contain the sequence TNAGGCCT. DNA fragments from the promoter regions of six other pathway genes containing this sequence are also substrates for TRI6 binding. Specific nucleotide changes in the TNAGGCCT sequence dramatically reduced TR16 binding. Analysis of TR16 binding within the TRI3 and TRI11 promoters and the TRI4-TRI6 intergenic region which do not contain the TNAGGCCT motif suggests that the minimum sequence required for TRI6 binding is YNAGGCC. Two potential TRI6 binding sites, T4A and T4B, were identified within the intergenic region for the divergently transcribed TRI4 and TRI6 genes. Alteration or deletion of the T4A site resulted in the loss of nearly all in vitro TR16 binding and was correlated with the loss of promoter activity in vivo as measured by the expression of mutant TRI4(p)/GUS fusions, This establishes a physiological role for TRI6 binding and demonstrates that TRI6 is directly involved in the regulation of pathway gene expression. To determine if a predicted CYs(2)His(2) zinc-finger motif at the C-terminus of TRI6 is involved in DNA binding, a C187A mutant was constructed in TRI6 using site-directed mutagenesis. The C187A mutant did not bind promoter DNA fragments, supporting the role of C187 in DNA binding. In addition, a TR16 homologue in the distantly related macrocyclic trichothecene pathway of Myrothecium roridum (MRTRI6) was also shown to bind to the same TRI5 and TRI4 promoter fragments bound by TRI6, Together, these data confirm our previous proposal that TRI6 is an activator of trichothecene pathway gene expression and that DNA binding employs the C-terminal region of TRI6 containing three predicted Cys(2)His(2) zinc fingers. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hohn, TM (reprint author), Novartis Agribusiness Biotechnol Res Inc, 3054 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 23 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 26 IS 3 BP 224 EP 235 DI 10.1006/fgbi.1999.1122 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 210GH UT WOS:000081096400007 PM 10361036 ER PT J AU Choi, SW Stern, LL Dzialo, HM Dolnikowski, GG Selhub, J Mason, JB AF Choi, SW Stern, LL Dzialo, HM Dolnikowski, GG Selhub, J Mason, JB TI A common polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene decreases genomic DNA methylation, but does not reduce DNA strand breaks, p53 methylation or uracil misincorporation: Implications for colorectal carcinogenesis SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G1707 BP A390 EP A390 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778401708 ER PT J AU Davis, PA Yokoyama, WH Daggy, BP AF Davis, PA Yokoyama, WH Daggy, BP TI Effect of soluble non-fermentable fiber and wheat bran on aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in a chemically induced rat model of carcinogenesis SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceut, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G2397 BP A545 EP A545 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778402398 ER PT J AU Elliott, DE Li, J Crawford, C Blum, A Metwali, A Qadir, K Urban, J Weinstock, JV AF Elliott, DE Li, J Crawford, C Blum, A Metwali, A Qadir, K Urban, J Weinstock, JV TI Exposure to helminthic parasites protect mice from intestinal inflammation. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G3072 BP A706 EP A706 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778403073 ER PT J AU Fritschi, FB Boote, KJ Sollenberger, LE Allen, LH Sinclair, TR AF Fritschi, FB Boote, KJ Sollenberger, LE Allen, LH Sinclair, TR TI Carbon dioxide and temperature effects on forage establishment: photosynthesis and biomass production SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bahiagrass; elevated carbon dioxide; elevated temperature; growth; photosynthesis; rhizoma peanut ID AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; PASCOPYRUM-SMITHII C-3; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; GRACILIS C-4; GROWTH; RESPONSES; CLIMATE; LEAVES; LOLIUM AB Concerns about climatic change have stimulated interest in the response of plants to increasing CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]), temperature, and their possible interactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of elevated [CO(2)] and air temperature on photosynthesis, development, and biomass production of rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) and bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) during the establishment year. Forages were grown in four temperature-gradient greenhouses on a natural Grossarenic Paleudult soil profile at temperatures of 0.2, 1.5, 2.9, and 4.5 degrees C above ambient, and at [CO(2)] of 365 and 640 mu L CO(2) L(-1) air. Elevated [CO(2)] accelerated establishment and ground cover of both species. Leaf and canopy photosynthesis of both species increased at elevated [CO(2)], with greater increases in rhizoma peanut than bahiagrass. Averaged across five sampling dates, total biomass production of rhizoma peanut and bahiagrass responded to elevated [CO(2)] with a 52 and 9% increase, respectively. Increasing temperature enhanced biomass production of bahiagrass but not rhizoma peanut. Forage yield at the end of the growing season in CO(2)-enriched treatments was increased over that in ambient [CO(2)] treatments (385 vs. 318 g m(-2) for rhizoma peanut and 376 vs. 321 g m(-2) for bahiagrass). Overall, the enhancement of rhizoma peanut under elevated [CO(2)] was greater than that of bahiagrass; however, bahiagrass responded more positively to increasing temperature. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Boote, KJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agron, POB 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM kjb@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu OI Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 50 TC 18 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 5 IS 4 BP 441 EP 453 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00238.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 183NV UT WOS:000079560400007 ER PT J AU Okie, WR AF Okie, WR TI Register of new fruit and nut varieties - List 39 SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Okie, WR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 181 EP 205 PG 25 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000002 ER PT J AU Wood, BW Reilly, CC AF Wood, BW Reilly, CC TI Factors influencing water split of pecan fruit SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nuts; damage; rain; crop loss; humidity; production; Carya illinoinensis AB Water stage fruit split (WS) is an erratic and complex problem often causing major crop losses to susceptible pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] cultivars. This study identified two episodes of WS for 'Wichita' pecan-a highly susceptible cultivar. The previously recognized precipitation-induced fruit splitting is the major episode; however, a previously unrecognized precipitation-independent, minor episode can also occured before the major episode. This minor episode was associated with the low solar irradiance and high relative humidity-conditions commonly associated with August rains. The crop characteristics of affected trees also influenced WS in that WS increased as crop load per tree increased. Fruits were also more likely to exhibit WS if located within the lower tree canopy. Treatment of foliage with an antitranspirant immediately before split-inducing conditions increased WS. Maintenance of moist soils for approximate to 2 weeks before WS-inducing conditions substantially reduced WS-related crop losses. These findings help to explain the erratic nature of WS and indicate that maintenance of trees in a well-watered state for approximate to 2 weeks before the initiation of shell hardening may substantially reduce WS-related crop losses in certain years. C1 ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Wood, BW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 215 EP 217 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000005 ER PT J AU Carter, J Hummer, KE AF Carter, J Hummer, KE TI Gooseberry mite infestation decreases the cold hardiness of dormant black currant flower buds SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ribes nigrum; Cecidophyopsis grossulariae; abiotic and biotic stress; cold tolerance; ice nucleation; freeze damage AB Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars with heavy, light, and no gooseberry mite (Cecidophyopsis grossulariae Collinge) infestation levels (MIL) were tested for cold hardiness by visually determining the bud injury rating (BIR) after laboratory freezing in Jan. 1998, Lightly mite-infested cvs. Blackdown and Risagcr; usually thought of as less cold hardy than Nordic cultivars, survived -35 degrees C, while mite-infested buds of the Finnish cv. Brodtorp were injured at 35 degrees C. Heavily mite-infested birds of the Swedish R. nigrum L. cv. StorKlas from Corvallis, Ore., were injured at -20 degrees C while lightly infested buds were injured to -25 degrees C, Noninfested 'StorKlas' buds from Pennsylvania and British Columbia survived laboratory freezing to 35 degrees C. Heavy mite infestation lowered the bud cold hardiness of 'Brodtorp' and 'StorKlas' by 10 degrees C, as estimated by a modified Spearman-Karber T-50. relative to the hardiness of lightly mite-infested buds of these cultivars, Heavily mite-infested buds contained unusual tissues forming what appeared to be spherical blisters or eruptions, approximate to 100 mu in diameter. Other tissues in the region of heavy mite infestation appeared to be more turgid than their noninfested counterparts. Abiotic and biotic stresses can have a combined impact on field-grown black currants. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Carter, J (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, 1970 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 218 EP 220 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000006 ER PT J AU La Bonte, DR Harrison, HF Motsenbocker, CE AF La Bonte, DR Harrison, HF Motsenbocker, CE TI Sweetpotato clone tolerance to weed interference SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ipomoea batatas; breeding; crop interference; crop tolerance; integrated pest management; light interception ID POTATO IPOMOEA-BATATAS; COMPETITION; CULTIVARS; COMPONENTS; YIELD AB Field experiments were conducted to assess how sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] clones interfere with weeds and how clones tolerate weed interference. Eleven clones with architecturally different canopies were evaluated for yield, canopy surface area and dry mass, weed dry mass, and light interception at ground level. A 2-fold difference in ground area covered by canopy surface area was observed among the eleven clones 42 days after planting, and a 3-fold difference in canopy dry mass at harvest. Yields were reduced from 14% to 68% by weed interference. The yields of high-yielding clones, 'Beauregard', 'Excel', L87-125,'Regal', 'Centennial', and W-274, were reduced to a significantly greater extent by weeds than were yields of the other five clones. No differences were observed between clones for weed suppression as measured by weed dry mass at harvest and ground light interception. Short-internode and long-internode clones had similar competitive abilities. Yield of high-yielding clones was impacted more by weed interference than was that of low-yielding clones. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Louisiana Agr Expt Stn, Dept Hort, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP La Bonte, DR (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Louisiana Agr Expt Stn, Dept Hort, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM dlabonte@agctr.lsu.edu NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 229 EP 232 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000010 ER PT J AU Beran, DD Gaussoin, RE Masters, RA AF Beran, DD Gaussoin, RE Masters, RA TI Native wildflower establishment with imidazolinone herbicides SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE blackeyed susan (Rudbeckia hirta); blanket flower (Gaillardia aristata); upright prairieconeflower (Ratibida columnifera); spiked liatris (Liatris spicata); purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea); spotted beebalm (Monarda punctata); imazapic; imazaquin; imazethapyr ID RESTORATION; ATRAZINE AB Native wildflowers are important components of grassland communities and low-maintenance wildflower seed mixtures. Weed interference limits successful establishment of native wildflowers from seed. Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of the imidazolinone herbicides imazethapyr, imazapic, and imazaquin on the establishment of blackeyed susan (Rudbeckia hirta L.), upright prairieconeflower [Ratibida columnifera (Nutt) Woot. and Standl.], spiked liatris [Liatris spicata (L.) Willd,], blanket flower (Gaillardia aristata Pursh,), purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.], and spotted beebalm (Monarda punctata L,), Wildflower response to the herbicide treatments was variable and appeared to be influenced by the level of weed interference. Establishment of the native wildflowers after application of imazethapyr or imazapic at 70 g . ha(-1) a.i. was generally improved at sites with greater weed interference. Emergence and density of wildflowers was often reduced by imazapic in sites with low weed interference. Flower density during the second growing season was usually either improved or not reduced by either imazethapyr or imazapic, Based on these findings, imazethapyr and imazapic can reduce weed interference and improve the establishment of some native wildflowers in areas with high weed infestations. Chemical names used: (+/-) -2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (imazapic); 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (imazaquin); 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (imazethapyr). C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Beran, DD (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 283 EP 286 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000024 ER PT J AU Fan, XT Mattheis, JP AF Fan, XT Mattheis, JP TI Methyl jasmonate promotes apple fruit degreening independently of ethylene action SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE color; Malus xdomestica; MCP; respiration ID SENESCENCE; PLANTS; RESPONSES AB Climacteric 'Fuji' apples (Malus xdomestica Borkh.) were treated with water, 0.45 mmol.m(-3) 1-methylcyclopropene (MCP), 2 mmol.L-1 methyljasmonate (MJ), or both MCP and MJ. Fruit were kept at 20 degrees C for 17 days after treatment. Ethylene production, respiration, and color change mere all inhibited following MCP treatment. Ethylene production following MJ treatment fluctuated below and above that of controls, but was representative of postclimacteric apples at all times. Rates of respiration and color change were enhanced by MS, even when fruit mere previously treated with MCP. The results indicate that MJ can enhance rate of color change and respiration in apple fruit independently of ethylene action. C1 ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Fan, XT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. NR 21 TC 35 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 310 EP 312 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000032 ER PT J AU Hang, AN Silbernagel, MJ Miklas, PN AF Hang, AN Silbernagel, MJ Miklas, PN TI Three virus-resistant snap bean germplasm lines, USWA-64, USWA-67, and USWA-68 SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Phaseolus vulgaris; bean common mosaic virus; curly top virus C1 Washington State Univ, Ctr Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Hang, AN (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Ctr Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 338 EP 338 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000041 ER PT J AU Heuss, K Liu, Q Hammerschlag, FA Hammond, RW AF Heuss, K Liu, Q Hammerschlag, FA Hammond, RW TI A cRNA probe detects Prunus necrotic ringspot virus in three peach cultivars after micrografting and in peach shoots following long-term culture at 4 degrees C SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE autografts; heterografts; Prunus persica; tissue culture; virus detection AB As part of a program to develop transgenic peach (Prunus persica L, Batsch) cultivars with resistance to Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), we are testing a system for measuring virus in peach shoot cultures. Micrografting in vitro is used for inoculation and slot-blot hybridization, with a digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled cRNA probe complementary to the 5' open reading frame (ORF) of PNRSV RNA 3, for detection, in this study, we investigated whether infected shoots maintain virus infection over long periods of culture at 4 degrees C and if PNRSV-infected 'Suncrest' shoot cultures can serve as graft bases to transmit virus equally well into cultivars Nemaguard, Springcrest, and Suncrest. The results of RNA hybridization analysis showed that virus was present in extracts of leaf samples from 2-year-old PNRSV-infected 'Suncrest' shoots that had been subjected to varying lengths of incubation at 4 degrees C in the dark, suggesting that infected shoots can be maintained for repeated use. Rates of graft success were higher in heterografts between 'Suncrest' bases and tips of 'Springcrest' or 'Nemaguard' than in autografts between 'Suncrest' and 'Suncrest', and there was equal efficacy of graft inoculation from 'Suncrest' into these three cultivars. C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Agr Res Serv, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hammerschlag, FA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 346 EP 347 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000044 ER PT J AU Reed, BM AF Reed, BM TI In vitro storage conditions for mint germplasm SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cold storage; germplasm storage; Mentha sp.; micropropagation; room-temperature storage ID INVITRO CONSERVATION; BACTERIA; PLANTS AB Four tissue-cultured mints, Mentha arvensis L., M spicata L., M, suaveolens Ehrh. hybrid, and Al. suaveolens cv. Variegata, were evaluated for survival during storage in media containing three concentrations of N and in four light and temperature regimes. Shoots were placed in plastic, five-chamber, tissue-culture bags on Murashige and Skoog medium (1962) containing 25%, 50%, and 100% of the normal N concentration (MS-N) and stored at 4 degrees C and -1 degrees C in darkness, at 4 degrees C with a 12-hour photoperiod, and at 25 degrees C with a 16-hour photaperiod. Shoots of ail four genotypes stored at 25 degrees C were in excellent condition after 6 months but: required subculture after 18 months. Condition ratings of stored shoots varied with genotype and N concentration. Cultures survived longest at 4 degrees C with a 12-hour photoperiod on 50% MS-N. Under this regime, all four genotypes were rated in good condition at 30 months but declined to poor condition by 36 months. Based on these data, I recommend that mint cultures be stored on MS medium with 50% MS-N at 4 degrees C with a 12-hour photoperiod. This regime should provide a minimum of 24 to 36 months of storage before subculture is required. Cold-sensitive genotypes could be stored for 18 months at 25 degrees C on 50% MS-N medium. C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 350 EP 352 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000046 ER PT J AU Pooler, MR Dix, RL AF Pooler, MR Dix, RL TI 'Chickasaw', 'Kiowa', and 'Pocomoke' Lagerstroemia SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE shrub breeding; crapemyrtle; Lagerstroemia indica; Lagerstroemia fauriei; Lythraceae; plant introduction; powdery mildew; Erysiphe lagerstroemiae C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, US Natl Aboretum, Washington, DC 20002 USA. RP Pooler, MR (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, US Natl Aboretum, 3501 New York Ave NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA. NR 7 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 361 EP 363 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 184NV UT WOS:000079619000051 ER PT J AU Waters, WR Stabel, JR Sacco, RE Harp, JA Pesch, BA Wannemuehler, MJ AF Waters, WR Stabel, JR Sacco, RE Harp, JA Pesch, BA Wannemuehler, MJ TI Antigen-specific B-cell unresponsiveness induced by chronic Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of cattle SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OVINE PARATUBERCULOSIS; GAMMA-INTERFERON; LYMPHOCYTES; LEPROSY; IMMUNOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; ANERGY; GROWTH; SHEEP; MICE AB Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of cattle results in a chronic granulomatous enteritis. Clinical disease (i.e., cachexia, diarrhea, and high fecal bacterial counts) is preceded by a lengthy subclinical stage of disease. The immunologic mechanisms associated with the progression of infected cattle from subclinical to clinical disease are unclear. In this study, a cell proliferation assay was used in combination with flow cytometry to compare peripheral blood lymphocyte responses of cattle,vith subclinical paratuberculosis to responses of cattle with clinical paratuberculosis. B cells from cattle with subclinical disease proliferated vigorously upon stimulation with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigen, with up to 12.4% of the total B cells responding. However, B cells from cattle with clinical disease did not proliferate upon antigen stimulation despite good proliferation in response to concanavalin A stimulation. In addition, these animals had high percentages of peripheral blood B cells. B cells from noninfected animals did not proliferate upon M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigen stimulation. Thus, it appears that B-cell proliferation is a sensitive indicator of subclinical Johne's disease. Furthermore, the immunologic mechanisms responsible for the antigen-specific unresponsiveness of peripheral blood B cells may be significant in the eventual progression from subclinical to clinical Johne's disease in cattle. C1 Iowa State Univ, Vet Med Res Inst, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Zoonot Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Avian & Swine Resp Dis Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Metab Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Waters, WR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Vet Med Res Inst, 1802 Elwood Dr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 29 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1593 EP 1598 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 178QZ UT WOS:000079278700008 PM 10084991 ER PT J AU Nienaber, JA Hahn, GL Eigenberg, RA AF Nienaber, JA Hahn, GL Eigenberg, RA TI Quantifying livestock responses for heat stress management: a review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Review DE biological response; dynamic analyses; thresholds; decision support; thermal stress ID GROWING-FINISHING SWINE; PHYSIOLOGICAL GROWTH; FEED-INTAKE; THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSES; MODEL LOGIC; TEMPERATURE; ENVIRONMENTS; REPRODUCTION; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS AB Hot weather challenges livestock production but technology exists to offset the challenge if producers have made appropriate strategic decisions. Key issues include understanding the hazards of heat stress, being pre pared to offer relief from the heat, recognizing when an animal is in danger, and taking appropriate action. This paper describes our efforts to develop biological response functions; assesses climatic probabilities and performs associated risk analyses; provides inputs for computer models used to make environmental management decisions; and evaluates threshold temperatures as estimates of critical temperature limits for swine, cattle and sheep. C1 USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Biol Engn Res Unit, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Nienaber, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Biol Engn Res Unit, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 69 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 19 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 42 IS 4 BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.1007/s004840050103 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 187ZV UT WOS:000079819800003 PM 10232054 ER PT J AU Gamble, HR AF Gamble, HR TI Factors affecting the efficiency of pooled sample digestion for the recovery of Trichinella spiralis from muscle tissue SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Trichinella; pork; artificial digestion; meat inspection ID ARTIFICIAL DIGESTION; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; PIGS AB Inspection for Trichinella spiralis in pork, horse and game meats is an important part of veterinary public health programmes in many countries. Variations of the pooled sample digestion test are the most widely used methods of inspection for this parasite. In this study, several aspects of the test, including sample preparation, reagent concentration and sample processing were examined for effect on test efficiency. Current methods using sample blending were equivalent or superior to sample grinding. Increasing the concentration of pepsin improved overall digestion slightly. The most critical factor affecting parasite recovery was sieve size. Currently used methods that employ a #80 (180 mu m mesh) sieve limit the recovery of motile or dead parasites and therefore might decrease test sensitivity. It is recommended that a #45 (355 mu m mesh) sieve be used to ensure optimal recovery of larvae. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gamble, HR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 48 IS 1 BP 73 EP 78 DI 10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00017-3 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 201TB UT WOS:000080610700008 PM 10375137 ER PT J AU Everett, KDE Bush, RM Andersen, AA AF Everett, KDE Bush, RM Andersen, AA TI Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Chlamydiales; taxonomy; ribosomal; human pathogens; animal pathogens ID OUTER-MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; PIG INCLUSION CONJUNCTIVITIS; ABORTED BOVINE FETUS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; SP STRAIN TWAR; KOALA TYPE-I; PSITTACI STRAINS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PHASCOLARCTOS-CINEREUS AB The current taxonomic classification of Chlamydia is based on limited phenotypic, morphologic and genetic criteria. This classification does not take into account recent analysis of the ribosomal operon or recently identified obligately intracellular organisms that have a chlamydia-like developmental cycle of replication. Neither does it provide a systematic rationale for identifying new strains. In this study, phylogenetic analyses of the 16S and 23S rRNA genes are presented with corroborating genetic and phenotypic information to show that the order Chlamydiales contains at least four distinct groups at the family level and that within the Chlamydiaceae are two distinct lineages which branch into nine separate clusters. In this report a reclassification of the order Chlamydiales and its current taxa is proposed. This proposal retains currently known strains with >90% 16S rRNA identity in the family Chlamydiaceae and separates other chlamydia-like organisms that have 80-90% 16S rRNA relatedness to the Chlamydiaceae into new families. Chlamydiae that were previously described as 'Candidatus Parachlamydia acanthamoebae' Amann, Springer, Schonhuber, Ludwig, Schmid, Muller and Michel 1997, become members of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov., Parachlamydia acanthamoebae gen. nov., sp. nov. 'Simkania' strain Z becomes the founding member of Simkaniaceae fam. nov., Simkania negevensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The fourth group, which includes strain WSU 86-1044, was left unnamed. The Chlamydiaceae, which currently has only the genus Chlamydia, is divided into two genera, Chlamydia and Chlamydophila gen. nov. Two new species, Chlamydia muridarum sp. nov, and Chlamydia suis sp. nov., join Chlamydia trachomatis in the emended genus Chlamydia. Chlamydophila gen. nov. assimilates the current species, Chlamydia pecorum, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia psittaci, to form Chlamydophila pecorum comb. nov., Chlamydophila pneumoniae comb. nov. and Chlamydophila psittaci comb. nov. Three new Chlamydophila species are derived from Chlamydia psittaci: Chlamydophila abortus gen. nov., sp. nov., Chlamydophila caviae gen, nov., sp. nov. and Chlamydophila felis gen. nov., sp. nov. Emended descriptions for the order Chlamydiales and for the family Chlamydiaceae are provided. These families, genera and species are readily distinguished by analysis of signature sequences in the 16S and 23S ribosomal genes. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Avian & Swine Resp Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92696 USA. RP Everett, KDE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Parasitol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 137 TC 676 Z9 705 U1 3 U2 32 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 BP 415 EP 440 PN 2 PG 26 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 191LU UT WOS:000080024500010 PM 10319462 ER PT J AU Williamson, DL Sakaguchi, B Hackett, KJ Whitcomb, RF Tully, JG Carle, P Bove, JM Adams, JR Konai, M Henegar, RB AF Williamson, DL Sakaguchi, B Hackett, KJ Whitcomb, RF Tully, JG Carle, P Bove, JM Adams, JR Konai, M Henegar, RB TI Spiroplasma poulsonii sp. nov., a new species associated with male-lethality in Drosophila willistoni, a neotropical species of fruit fly SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spiroplasma poulsonii sp. nov.; mollicute; sex ratio; Drosophila willistoni ID CORN STUNT DISEASE; GENUS SPIROPLASMA; CLASS MOLLICUTES; CLASSIFICATION; PATHOGENICITY; CULTIVATION; MYCOPLASMAS; DEFORMATION; MORPHOLOGY; GROWTH AB Progenies from some wild-caught females of Drosophila willistoni and three other sibling species are entirely female. The proclivity for production of unisexual female progeny by these flies was named the sex ratio (SR) trait and was originally thought to be genetic. However, experiments in the laboratory of Donald F. Poulson in the early 1960s demonstrated that this 'trait' was vertically transmitted and infectious, in that it could be artificially transferred by injection from infected females to non-infected females. Motile, helical micro-organisms were observed in females showing the trait. In 1979, the SR organisms were designated as group II in the informal spiroplasma classification system. The organisms proved to be extremely fastidious, but were eventually cultivated in a very complex cell-free medium (H-2) after initial co-cultivation with insect cells. Cultivation in the H-2 medium and the subsequent availability of a triply cloned strain (DW-1(T)) permitted comparative studies. Cells of strain DW-1T were helical, motile filaments 200-250 nm in diameter and were bound by a single trilaminar membrane. Cells plated on 1.8% Noble agar formed small satellite-free colonies 60-70 mu m in diameter with dense centres and uneven edges. The temperature range for growth was 26-30 degrees C; optimum growth occurred at 30 degrees C, with a doubling time in H-2 medium of 15.8 h. The strain passed through filters with 220 nm, but not 100 nm, pores. Reciprocal serological comparisons of strain DW-1T with representatives of other spiroplasma groups showed an extensive pattern of one-way crossing when strain DW-1T was used as antigen. However, variable, usually low-level reciprocal cross-reactions were observed between strain DW-1(T) and representatives of group I sub-groups. The genome size of strain DW-1T was 2040 kbp, as determined by PFGE. The G+C content was 26+/-1 mol%, as determined by buoyant density and melting point methods. The serological and molecular data indicate that strain DW-1T is separated from group I representative strains sufficiently to justify retention of its group status. Continued group designation is also indicated by the ability of SR spiroplasmas to induce male lethality in Drosophila, their vertical transmissibility and their extremely fastidious growth requirements. Group II spiroplasmas, represented by strain DW-1T (ATCC 43153(T)), are designated Spiroplasma poulsonii. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Kyushu Univ, Fac Agr, Fukuoka 812, Japan. USDA, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NIAID, Mycoplasma Sect, Mol Microbiol Lab, Frederick Canc Res Facil, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. INRA, Lab Biol Cellulaire & Mol, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. Univ Bordeaux 2, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. RP Williamson, DL (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 44 TC 47 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 BP 611 EP 618 PN 2 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 191LU UT WOS:000080024500032 PM 10319483 ER PT J AU Everett, KDE Andersen, AA AF Everett, KDE Andersen, AA TI Identification of nine species of the Chlamydiaceae using PCR-RFLP SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia; PCR-RFLP; rRNA; human pathogens; animal pathogens ID SP STRAIN TWAR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; MICROORGANISM-Z; SP-NOV; PSITTACI; TRACHOMATIS; PNEUMONIAE; DIVERSITY; GENE AB The family Chlamydiaceae contains two genera and nine species. Rapid and easy identification of these species is essential for taxonomic, epidemiological and clinical determinations. Currently, DNA sequence analysis is the only accepted method that decisively distinguishes all nine species. In this study, a simple and rapid PCR-RFLP procedure was developed by which laboratory-cultured chlamydial specimens could be identified. To accomplish this, conserved oligonucleotide primers and restriction sites were deduced from 16S and 23S rRNA sequence data from >50 chlamydial strains representing all nine species. DNA from 25 previously characterized chlamydial strains were tested with these primers and restriction enzymes. All nine chlamydial species were reliably distinguished in the tests. The procedure was optimized by adjusting the annealing temperature using both a standard and a heat-activated DNA polymerase to reduce mismatch PCR amplification of mycoplasmas and other bacteria. The result was that a PCR method for species identification of chlamydial isolates and for distinguishing mycoplasmas and chlamydiae was created. This method can be used to rapidly identify known species of the family Chlamydiaceae. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Avian & Swine Resp Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Everett, KDE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Avian & Swine Resp Dis Res Unit, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 52 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 BP 803 EP 813 PN 2 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 191LU UT WOS:000080024500057 PM 10319506 ER PT J AU Kahane, S Everett, TDE Kimmel, N Friedman, MG AF Kahane, S Everett, TDE Kimmel, N Friedman, MG TI Simkania negevensis strain Z(T): growth, antigenic and genome characteristics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlamydiales; Simkaniaceae; rDNA copy number; genome size; Chlamydia ID CHLAMYDIA-LIKE MICROORGANISM; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; GENUS; TRACHOMATIS; PSITTACI AB Simkania negevensis is the type species of Simkaniaceae, a recently proposed family in the order Chlamydiales. In the current study, growth, antigenic and genomic characteristics of this intracellular bacterium were investigated and compared to those of members of the family Chlamydiaceae. Growth of the organism, as assessed by infectivity assays, reached a plateau in 2-3 d although by light microscopy the cytopathic effect on the host cells increased for 12 or more days after infection. S. negevensis growth was unaffected by sulfadiazine. Cells infected by S. negevensis strain Z(T) were not recognized by either of two monoclonal antibodies specific for Chlamydiaceae LPS and several specific Chlamydiaceae ompA primers were unable to PCR amplify a S. negevensis gene. The S. negevensis genome contained one copy of the ribosomal operon. The genome size of S. negevensis strain Z(T) was determined by PFGE to be 1.7 Mbp, and the G+C content was 42.5 mol%. These data, taken together with other published data, are consistent with the proposal that S. negevensis belongs to a distinct family in the order Chlamydiales. C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Virol, Beer Sheva, Israel. USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Avian & Swine Resp Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Friedman, MG (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Virol, Beer Sheva, Israel. NR 22 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 BP 815 EP 820 PN 2 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 191LU UT WOS:000080024500058 PM 10319507 ER PT J AU Loeb, MJ Hakim, RS AF Loeb, MJ Hakim, RS TI Cultured midgut cells of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera): fibronectin and integrin beta(1) immunoreactivity during differentiation in vitro SO INVERTEBRATE REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Heliothis virescens; midgut; differentiation; fibronectin; integrin beta(1); cell adhesion ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPERFAMILY; MANDUCA-SEXTA; IN-VITRO; ADHESION; GROWTH; EPITHELIUM; MORPHOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; MEMBER AB The midgut epithelium of larval Lepidoptera consists of a monolayer of mature columnar and goblet cells in vivo with loosely bound stem cells at its base. Cultures of Heliothis virescens midgut contained quiescent and dividing stem cells, differentiating and mature cells as well as small rows of attached cells, randomly distributed in the culture vessel. Fixed cultures were immunostained with polyclonal antibodies to fibronectin and integrin beta(1). Many stem cells stained darkly; lighter staining stem cells imply that some stem cells can become less adhesive. Developing cells were pale, lacking integrin and fibronectin epitopes on their surfaces, and were probably poorly adhesive. During a molt in vivo, differentiating stem cells insert between existing epithelial cells, increasing gut size; lack of stickiness would enable them to do so. As pre-columnar cells differentiated in vitro, stainability reappeared. Mature columnar cells were decorated with a pattern of intense surface immunostaining material. Small immature columnar and goblet cells adhered to the distal ends of mature columnar cells by their proximal areas near a fibronectin positive area. Goblet cells, seldom found together in vivo or in vitro, lacked prominent fibronectin or integrin-like surface proteins. Cells were joined to each other in the same orientation and cell pattern observed in intact midguts. The pattern was achieved in vitro by cell-cell adhesion without basal membrane or existing midgut as guides. C1 USDA, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Howard Univ, Dept Anat, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Loeb, MJ (reprint author), USDA, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Bldg 011A,Rm 211,Barc W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SCIENCE SERVICES/BALABAN PUBLISHERS PI REHOVOT PA PO BOX 2039, REHOVOT 76120, ISRAEL SN 0168-8170 J9 INVERTEBR REPROD DEV JI Invertebr. Reprod. Dev. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1080/07924259.1999.9652373 PG 8 WC Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 195WU UT WOS:000080275800002 ER PT J AU Friedman, M AF Friedman, M TI Chemistry, biochemistry, nutrition, and microbiology of lysinoalanine, lanthionine, and histidinoalanine in food and other proteins SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE lysinoalanine; histidinoalanine; lanthionine; chemistry; nutrition; safety; microbiology ID MAILLARD REACTION-PRODUCTS; AMINO-ACID-RESIDUES; CROSS-LINKING; MILK-PRODUCTS; ALKALI TREATMENT; BINDING PHOSPHOPROTEINS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INVITRO DIGESTIBILITY; RACEMIZATION KINETICS; BOUND LYSINOALANINE AB Heat and alkali treatments of foods, widely used in food processing, result in the formation of dehydro and cross-linked amino acids such as dehydroalanine, methyldehydroalanine, beta-aminoalanine, lysinoalanine (LAL), ornithinoalanine histidinoalanine (HAL), phenylethylaminoalanine, lanthionine (LAN), and methyl-lanthionine present in proteins and are frequently accompanied by concurrent racemization of L-amino acid isomers to D-analogues. The mechanism of LAL formation is a two-step process: first, hydroxide ion-catalyzed elimination of H2S from cystine and H2O, phosphate, and glycosidic moieties from serine residues to yield a dehydroalanine intermediate; second, reaction of the double bond of dehydroalanine with the epsilon-NH2 group of lysine to form LAL. Analogous elimination-addition reactions are postulated to produce the other unusual amino acids. Processing conditions that favor these transformations include high pH, temperature, and exposure time. Factors that minimize LAL formation include the presence of SH-containing amino acids, sodium sulfite, ammonia, biogenic amines, ascorbic acid, citric acid, malic acid, and glucose; dephosphorylation of O-phosphoryl esters; and acylation of epsilon-NH2 groups of lysine. The presence of LAL residues along a protein chain decreases digestibility and nutritional quality in rodents and primates but enhances nutritional quality in ruminants. LAL has a strong affinity for copper and other metal ions and is reported to induce enlargement of nuclei of rats and mice but not of primate kidney cells. LAL, LAN, and HAL also occur naturally in certain peptide and protein antibiotics (cinnamycin, duramycin, epidermin, nisin, and subtilin) and in body organs and tissues (aorta, bone, collagen, dentin, and eye cataracts), where their formation may be a function of the aging process. These findings are not only of theoretical interest but also have practical implications for nutrition, food safety, and health. Further research needs are suggested for each of these categories. These overlapping aspects are discussed in terms of general concepts for a better understanding of the impact of LAL and related compounds in the diet. Such an understanding can lead to improvement in food quality and safety, nutrition, microbiology, and human health. C1 ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 284 TC 177 Z9 181 U1 7 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1295 EP 1319 DI 10.1021/jf981000+ PG 25 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 189HL UT WOS:000079899000001 PM 10563973 ER PT J AU Phillippy, BQ AF Phillippy, BQ TI Susceptibility of wheat and Aspergillus niger phytases to inactivation by gastrointestinal enzymes SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE phytase; pepsin; pancreatin; wheat; Aspergillus ID INOSITOL 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE RECEPTOR; PHYTIC ACID; TRISPHOSPHATE RECEPTOR; PHOSPHATE; PIGS; PROTEOLYSIS; PHOSPHORUS; ABSORPTION; BINDING; HUMANS AB The activity of wheat and Aspergillus niger phytases was determined following preincubation for 60 min at 37 degrees C alone or in the presence of pepsin or pancreatin to examine their ability to survive in the gastrointestinal tract. At pH 3.5 both phytases were stable, but at pH 2.5 wheat phytase rapidly lost activity. Following preincubation at pH 3.5 in the presence of 5 mg of pepsin/mL, A. niger phytase retained 95% of its original activity, whereas only 70% of the wheat phytase activity was recovered. The stability of A. niger phytase in the presence of pepsin was the same at pH 2.5 as at pH 3.5. Results similar to those with pepsin at pH 3.5 were obtained following preincubation of the phytases in the presence of pancreatin at pH 6.0. C1 ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Phillippy, BQ (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 19 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1385 EP 1388 DI 10.1021/jf981107x PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 189HL UT WOS:000079899000013 PM 10563985 ER PT J AU Sobolev, VS Cole, RJ AF Sobolev, VS Cole, RJ TI trans-resveratrol content in commercial peanuts and peanut products SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE trans-resveratrol; resveratrol; Arachis hypogaea L.; peanuts; groundnuts; peanut maturity; roasted peanuts; peanut butter; boiled peanuts; commercial peanuts; peanut fractions; peanut brands; peanut shells; Florunner; HPLC analysis; phytoalexin ID ARACHIDONATE METABOLISM; RED WINE; PHYTOALEXIN; LEUKOCYTES; STILBENES AB A modified high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for determination of trans-resveratrol (resveratrol) in peanuts and peanut products has been developed. Resveratrol was extracted with acetonitrile-water (90/10, v/v) by blending with diatomaceous earth at high speed followed by purification of an aliquot of the extract on a minicolumn packed with Al2O3-ODS (C-18) mixture. The column was eluted with acetonitrile-water (90/10, v/v), eluate was evaporated under nitrogen, and residue was dissolved in HPLC mobile phase. Resveratrol in an aliquot of purified extract was quantitated by HPLC on silica gel with n-hexane-2-propanol-water-acetonitrile-acetic acid (1050/270/17/5/1, v/v) as a mobile phase. The recovery of resveratrol added to diatomaceous earth at 0.05 mu g/g was 98.95 +/- 17.79%; the recovery of the standard added to fresh peanuts (with 0.070 mu g/g natural level of resveratrol) at 0.50, 5.00, and 10.00 mu g/g was 117.23 +/- 8.87, 100.10 +/- 2.49, and 100.45 +/- 1.51%, respectively. The quantitation limit of resveratrol in fresh peanuts was about 0.01 mu g/g. Roasted peanuts had the lowest content of resveratrol of 0.055 +/- 0.023 mu g/g (n = 21), while in peanut butter its concentration was significantly higher, 0.324 +/- 0.129 mu g/g (n = 46), and boiled peanuts had the highest level of 5.138 +/- 2.849 mu g/g (n = 12). Resveratrol content in commercial peanut products was similar to the resveratrol content of the raw peanut fractions routinely used for making them. C1 ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. RP Sobolev, VS (reprint author), ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, 1011 Forrester Dr, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. NR 18 TC 148 Z9 157 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1435 EP 1439 DI 10.1021/jf9809885 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 189HL UT WOS:000079899000023 PM 10563995 ER PT J AU McKeehen, JD Busch, RH Fulcher, RG AF McKeehen, JD Busch, RH Fulcher, RG TI Evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) phenolic acids during grain development and their contribution to Fusarium resistance SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE phenolic; ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid; Fusarium; disease resistance; grain development; quality ID PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; CELL-WALL; DEOXYNIVALENOL VOMITOXIN; CARBOHYDRATE COMPLEXES; MAIZE GRAIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; GRAMINEARUM; COMPONENTS; BLIGHT AB The phenolic acid profiles of six cultivars of wheat with known tolerance to Fusarium head blight were evaluated during plant development from anthesis through maturity. Analysis by HPLC of grain at anthesis revealed that p-coumaric and ferulic acid were the two principal phenolic compounds present. The effect of these two phenolic acids on Fusarium species was evaluated in vitro. Both phenolic acids demonstrated significant reductions (p < 0.05) of Fusarium species growth at all concentrations tested. Ferulic acid is the primary phenolic acid ingrain at all stages of development, and its concentration increased steadily during grain development prior to a 50% decrease during grain ripening. The accumulation of ferulic acid synthesis from anthesis until similar to 20 days after anthesis appears related with cultivar resistance to Fusarium. Concentrations of ferulic acid in the grain were similar at maturity, implying that the end-use quality would be similar for both resistant and susceptible cultivars. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, USDA, ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Fulcher, RG (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, 1334 Eckles Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 37 TC 84 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1476 EP 1482 DI 10.1021/jf980896f PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 189HL UT WOS:000079899000030 PM 10564002 ER PT J AU Maxwell, RJ Cohen, E Donoghue, DJ AF Maxwell, RJ Cohen, E Donoghue, DJ TI Determination of sarafloxacin residues in fortified and incurred eggs using on-line microdialysis and HPLC programmable fluorescence detection SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ASTED; on-line microdialysis; fluorescence; HPLC; sarafloxacin; chicken; eggs ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXOLINIC ACID; ONLINE DIALYSIS; LAYING HENS; FLUMEQUINE; PLASMA; FISH; ENROFLOXACIN; RESISTANCE; LIVER AB Isolation of sarafloxacin (SAR) from fortified and incurred chicken eggs was done by a combination of liquid-liquid extraction and aqueous on-line microdialysis performed on an automated trace enrichment of dialysates (ASTED) system. The ASTED system coupled a sample cleanup procedure with HPLC and programmable fluorescence detection. Overall recoveries of 87-102% for SAR were obtained from samples fortified over a range of 1-100 ng/g. The relative standard deviation values ranged from 22 to 26% for samples fortified between 1 and 5 ng/g and from 2 to 12% for samples fortified between 10 and 100 ng/g. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.2 and 1 ng/g, respectively. Eggs containing incurred SAR, which were collected over a 3-day dosing period and for 5 consecutive days thereafter, also were analyzed by using this technique. Because the method is automated, 35 samples can be processed within a 24-h period, which enables large data sets to be acquired over a short time period. C1 ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmor, PA 19038 USA. US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Div Anim Res, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Maxwell, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmor, PA 19038 USA. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1563 EP 1567 DI 10.1021/jf980986k PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 189HL UT WOS:000079899000045 PM 10564017 ER PT J AU Shih, F Daigle, K AF Shih, F Daigle, K TI Oil uptake properties of fried batters from rice flour SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE rice flour batters; oil uptake; batter viscosity; batter pickup; moisture retention; phosphorylated starch; gelatinized starch ID MOISTURE AB Batters were prepared, using rice flour as the main component, and analyzed for their oil uptake properties during frying. Rice flour resisted oil absorption better but was less effective as a thickening agent than wheat flour. Of the rice components, increased amylose in the amylopectin/amylose ratio of the starch decreased the batter oil uptake, whereas increased protein content had the opposite effect. Various additives were introduced and investigated for their ability to develop viscosity and other desirable characteristics for the batter. As additives to the rice flour batters, phosphorylated starch and gelatinized rice flour enhanced both the thickening and oil-reducing capacities of the batter. Compared with values for batters from wheat flour, the percent batter oil uptake in the fried crust for the modified rice flour batters was decreased by up to 62%, and the percent total oil uptake for the whole coated drumstick was reduced by up to 59%. C1 USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Shih, F (reprint author), USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. NR 15 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1611 EP 1615 DI 10.1021/jf980688n PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 189HL UT WOS:000079899000054 PM 10564026 ER PT J AU Davis, FM Williams, WP Sorenson, CE AF Davis, FM Williams, WP Sorenson, CE TI Evaluation of six maize hybrids for their susceptibility to feeding by three Diatraea spp. (Lepidoptera : Crambidae) by using laboratory bioassays SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diatraea crambidoides; D-grandiosella; D-saccharalis; Lepidoptera; maize; plant resistance ID CORN-BORER LEPIDOPTERA; FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; GROWTH; SURVIVAL; RESISTANCE; NOCTUIDAE AB Maize, Zea mays L., germplasm lines with resistance to leaf feeding by the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella Dyar, have been developed and released. We determined if hybrids developed from these germplasm lines are also resistant to two other Diatraea spp. that attack maize in the United States [southern corn stalk borer, D. crambidoides (Grote), and the sugarcane borer, D. saccharalis (F.)]. Evaluation of three southwestern corn borer resistant and three susceptible maize hybrids for level of susceptibility to the southern corn stalk borer and sugarcane borer was done by feeding the larvae reconstituted ground, lyophilized whorl leaf tissue diets in the laboratory. Larvae of the southern corn stalk borer, sugarcane borer, and southwestern corn borer grown on the resistant leaf tissue diets were significantly smaller than those reared on the susceptible leaf powder diets. Our results indicate that these maize germplasms are resistant to all three Diatraea spp. The procedures used to obtain an adequate number of southern corn stalk borer neonates from field-collected diapausing larvae for the laboratory bioassay are discussed. C1 ARS, USDA, Corn Hosp Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Davis, FM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corn Hosp Plant Resistance Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 16 IS 2 BP 107 EP 112 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 267CN UT WOS:000084337600002 ER PT J AU Kindler, SD Dalrymple, RL AF Kindler, SD Dalrymple, RL TI Relative susceptibility of cereals and pasture grasses to the yellow sugarcane aphid (Homoptera : Aphididae) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sipha flava; warm-season grasses; cool-season grasses; plant hosts AB Yellow sugarcane aphid, Sipha flava (Forbes), is an important pest of small grains, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, Saccharum officinarum L., and numerous pasture grass species. Because of the importance of pasture grasses to the economy of the southern states and recent history of the aphid damaging many important pasture grasses, we studied the survival and reproduction of yellow sugarcane aphids on numerous cool- and warm-season grasses, legumes, and forbs to establish the relative susceptibility of the hoist plants. Yellow sugarcane aphid survived on 21 of 21 warm-season grass species, 32 of 32 cool-season grass species, 3 of 19 legume species, and 1 of 4 species of forbs. However, final aphid means of some plant species were lower than the initial infestation. Based on aphid population development, Bromus mollis L., B. biebersteinii Roemer & Schultes, B. marginatus Nees ex Steudel, Agropyron dasystachyum (Hooker) Scribner, and A. intermedium (Host) Beauvois were the best hosts among the cool-season grasses. Echinochloa frumentacea (Link) W.F. Wight, S. bicolor, and Pennisetum orientale (Wild) L.C. Rich were the best warm-season grass hosts. Legumes and forbs were essentially nonhosts of the yellow sugarcane aphid. In a separate but related test, we determined the intrinsic rate of increase values (r(m)) of the aphid on eight species of grasses, Hordeum vulgare L., Triticum aestivum L., and S. bicolor. The r(m) values for the aphid were significantly higher on Bothrichloa caucasica (Trinius) Hubb, Dichanthium sp. Willemet, S. bicolor, and Digitaria ciliaris (Retzius) Keeler than on the other entries. Higher r(m) values were related to shorter prereproductive time, greater aphid fecundity, and increased longevity. The aphid had the lowest r(m) values on Sorghum halepense (L.) Persoon, Panicum virgatum L., and Andropogon gerardii Vitman. C1 USDA, ARS, Plant Sci & Water Conservat Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Kindler, SD (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Plant Sci & Water Conservat Res Lab, 1301 N Western St, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 16 IS 2 BP 113 EP 122 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 267CN UT WOS:000084337600003 ER PT J AU Kindler, SD Jensen, KB Springer, TL AF Kindler, SD Jensen, KB Springer, TL TI Detection and characterization of mechanisms of resistance to Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera : Aphididae) in crested wheatgrass SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diuraphis noxia; plant resistance; resistance mechanisms; Agropyron cristatum ID DIURAPHIS-NOXIA HOMOPTERA; BLUEGRASS BILLBUG; ALTERNATE HOSTS; UNITED-STATES; DAMAGE; GRASSES; BARLEY; PEST AB The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), is an introduced pest that is an economic threat to wheat, Triticum aestivum L., and barley, Hordeum vulgare L., production. Crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner, is an important alternative summer host that provides a food source for Russian wheat aphid populations between spring harvest and fall planting of cereal crops. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to identify accessions of crested wheatgrass plant introductions (PI) resistant to Russian wheat aphids. Four accessions, PI 281862, 297869, 325180, and 439912, were highly resistant to leaf chlorosis and leaf rolling caused by aphid feeding. Further tests were done to characterize the plant components (antibiosis, antixenosis [nonpreference], and tolerance) contributing to resistance of these PI. Resistant PI had high levels of antibiosis, demonstrated by Russian wheat aphid's reduced rates of fecundity when compared with fecundity on susceptible genotypes. When infested with Russian wheat aphids, the resistant PI had reduced dry mass foliage loss compared with susceptible PI, but the losses were not significantly different among entries indicating no measurable tolerance. We detected strong antixenosis (nonpreference) resistance components in the resistant PI when D. noxia were given a choice of several genotypes. PI 281862, 297869, 325180, and 439912 may be new sources of resistance for germplasm enhancement efforts. C1 USDA, ARS, Plant Sci & Water Conservat Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Kindler, SD (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Plant Sci & Water Conservat Res Lab, 1301 N Western St, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 16 IS 2 BP 129 EP 139 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 267CN UT WOS:000084337600005 ER PT J AU Grings, EE Staigmiller, RB Short, RE Bellows, RA MacNeil, MD AF Grings, EE Staigmiller, RB Short, RE Bellows, RA MacNeil, MD TI Effects of stair-step nutrition and trace mineral supplementation on attainment of puberty in beef heifers of three sire breeds SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; heifers; puberty; diet; milk ID DAIRY HEIFERS; COMPENSATORY GROWTH; MILK-PRODUCTION; COPPER STATUS; PERFORMANCE; CATTLE; GAIN; LACTATION; REPRODUCTION; MOLYBDENUM AB A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of nutrition and sire breed on age at puberty and first lactation milk yield in crossbred beef heifers. After weaning, 208 heifers shed by Hereford, Limousin, or Piedmontese bulls were assigned to either a control(CG) or stair-step gain (SSG) dietary regimen plus a mineral supplement with or without Cu, Zn, and Mn top-dressed onto the feed. Heifers on the SSG regimen were fed a diet intended to supply energy to support gains at a rate of 120% of the CG diet for 55 d and then were switched to a diet formulated to produce an ADG at 70% of the rate of the GG diet for 84 d. They then switched back to the 120% diet for the last 30 d before breeding. Total weight gain and overall rate of gain did not differ among dietary treatments. Hereford- and Limousin-sired heifers gained at similar rates, nd Piedmontese-sired heifers gained an average of .10 kg/d slower than the other two sire breed groups. During one period, Piedmontese-sired heifers on the CG diet gained.19 kg/d faster (P < .01) when supplemented with mineral than when not, During that same period, there was no influence of mineral supplementation on weight gains for Hereford-or Piedmontese-sired heifers on the high SSG diet, but Limousin-sired heifers tended (P = .07) to gain faster (1.00 vs .85 kg/d) when supplemented with Cu, Zn,and Mn than when not. Piedmontese-sired heifers reached puberty at the earliest age (P = .03), followed by Hereford- and then Limousin-sired heifers. There were no treatment effects on milk yield at an average of 70 d of lactation. However,at approximately 120 d of lactation, Piedmontese-sired heifers were producing less milk (P < .05) than Limousin- but not Hereford-sired heifers. Hereford-sired heifers had lower(P < .05) plasma Cu concentrations than Piedmontese-sired heifers. There were no treatment effects on plasma Zn concentrations. Heifers sired by bulls of breeds that differ in potential muscularity differed in growth, reproduction, milk yield, and plasma mineral concentrations, but dietary treatments resulted in little to no differences in these variables. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Grings, EE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RI MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009 NR 26 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 810 EP 815 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 268XK UT WOS:000084444800002 PM 10328343 ER PT J AU Fluharty, FL McClure, KE Solomon, MB Clevenger, DD Lowe, GD AF Fluharty, FL McClure, KE Solomon, MB Clevenger, DD Lowe, GD TI Energy source and ionophore supplementation effects on lamb growth, carcass characteristics, visceral organ mass, diet digestibility, and nitrogen metabolism SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lambs; alfalfa; concentrates; organs; digestibility ID GRAIN GROWING DIETS; BODY-COMPOSITION; HEAT-PRODUCTION; NUTRITION; STEERS; PROTEIN; LEVEL; SHEEP; PERFORMANCE; SILAGE AB In Exp. 1, 72 Targhee lambs (initial BW 22.1 +/- .3 kg) were used to determine the effects of energy source (alfalfa pasture vs limit-fed, all-concentrate) and ionophore addition on performance, visceral organ mass, and carcass characteristics. There were no differences (P > .10) in ADG or gain/feed due to ionophore supplementation. Lambs that grazed alfalfa had greater (P < .05) liver, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, cecum, and large intestine weights than did lambs fed the concentrate diet. Lambs fed the concentrate diet had greater (P < .01) hot carcass weights, larger (P < .01) loin eye areas, and greater (P < .001) dressing percentages than lambs that grazed alfalfa. In Exp. 2, lambs offered the concentrate diet had greater (P < .001) DM and OM digestibilities than lambs offered alfalfa (89.5 and 91.1 vs 72.4 and 74.2%, respectively). Apparent and true N digestibilities were greater (P < .001) for the concentrate diet than for alfalfa (90.9 and 101.7 vs 77.7 and 91.9%, respectively). Likewise, grams of N retained per day were twice as great (P < .001) with the concentrate diet than with alfalfa (14.9 vs 6.0 g/ d). The greater visceral organ mass and resulting increases in energy and protein requirements in lambs that grazed alfalfa were probably responsible for the lesser hot carcass weight and dressing percentage compared with lambs fed 100% concentrate. C1 Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Anim Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. USDA ARS, Meat Sci Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fluharty, FL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Anim Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. NR 23 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 816 EP 823 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 268XK UT WOS:000084444800003 PM 10328344 ER PT J AU Lammoglia, MA Bellows, RA Grings, EE Bergman, JW Short, RE MacNeil, MD AF Lammoglia, MA Bellows, RA Grings, EE Bergman, JW Short, RE MacNeil, MD TI Effects of feeding beef females supplemental fat during gestation on cold tolerance in newborn calves SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fats; pregnancy; newborn animals; cold tolerance; heat production ID POSTNATAL MORTALITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CALF; METABOLISM; CATTLE; BIRTH; TEMPERATURES; EXPOSURE; PROTEIN; RAT AB Effects of prepartum fat supplementation of the dam on cold tolerance of calves were determined in two studies. In Exp. 1, 22 F1, crossbred heifers gestating F2 calves received diets containing either 1.7 or 4.7% dietary fat starting at d 250 +/- 2 d of gestation. Safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius) containing 37% oil with 79% linoleic acid were the supplemental fat source in isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. Calves were separated fl om their darns at birth, fed pooled dairy-cow colostrum, muzzled to prevent sucking, and returned to their dams in a heated (22 degrees C) barn for 3.5 h. At 4 h of age, a jugular catheter was inserted. At 5 h of age, calves were placed in a 0 degrees C room for 140 min and rectal temperatures and blood samples were obtained at 10- and 20-min intervals. Blood was; assayed for glucose, cortisol, and cholesterol. In Exp. 2, 18 multiparous, crossbred beef cows bred to Murray Grey sires were;randomly assigned to receive diets containing either 1.7 or 3.1% dietary fat starting at 235 +/- 2 d gestation. Safflower seeds were used as the supplemental fat source ill isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. At d 260 of gestation, premature parturition was induced in one-half of the cows from each diet group by feeding Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) needles. Experimental protocols were the same as in Exp. 1, except that cold exposure was at 9 degrees C for 200 min. Rectal temperatures were affected in Exp. 1 by time and diet x time (both P < .01) and diet x calf sex (P < .05) and in Exp. 2 by calf age (P < .05), time, and calf age x time (both P < .01). Plasma cortisol concentrations were affected by time (P < .01) and calf sex x time (P < .05) in Exp. 1 and by time (P < .01) in Exp. 2. Cholesterol concentrations in Exp. 1 were affected by diet x time (P < .05) and in Exp. 2 by time (P < .05). Plasma glucose concentrations were affected in Exp. 1 by diet (P < .05) and in Exp. 2 by calf age, time, and calf age x time (all P < .01). We conclude from Exp. 1 that feeding heifers supplemental fat during late gestation increased glucose concentrations in the newborn calf, resulting in favorable responses in body temperature in the cold-stressed newborns. This increase in substrate availability suggests a potential positive effect on heat generation in newborns during sustained periods of cold stress. In Exp. 2, premature calves had compromised cold tolerance possibly due to impaired shivering or brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. Eastern Agr Res Ctr, Montana Agr Expt Stn, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Bellows, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Rt 1,Box 2021, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RI MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009 NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 824 EP 834 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 268XK UT WOS:000084444800004 PM 10328345 ER PT J AU Dodenhoff, J Van Vleck, LD Gregory, KE AF Dodenhoff, J Van Vleck, LD Gregory, KE TI Estimation of direct, maternal, and grandmaternal genetic effects for weaning weight in several breeds of beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; growth; genetic parameters ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; VARIANCE-COMPONENTS; GROWTH TRAITS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; COVARIANCES; MODELS; PARAMETERS AB Weaning weights from nine parental breeds and three composites were analyzed to estimate variance due to grandmaternal genetic effects and to compare estimates for variance due to maternal genetic effects from two different models. Number of observations ranged from 794 to 3,465 per population. Number of animals in the pedigree file ranged from 1,244 to 4,326,er population. Two single-trait animal models were used to obtain estimates of covariance components by REML using an average information method. Model 1 included random direct and maternal genetic, permanent maternal environmental, and residual environmental effects as well as fixed sex x year and age of dam effects. Model 2 in addition included random grandmaternal genetic and permanent grandmaternal environmental effects to account for maternal effects of a cow on her daughter's maternal ability. Non-zero estimates of proportion of variance due to grandmaternal effects were obtained for 7 of the 12 populations and ranged from .03 to .06. Direct heritability estimates in these populations were similar with both models. Existence of variance due to grandmaternal effects did not affect the estimates of maternal heritability (m(2)) or the correlation between direct and maternal genetic effects (r(am)) for Angus and Gelbvieh. For the other five populations, magnitude of estimates increased for both m(2) and r(am) when estimates of variance due to grandmaternal effects were not zero. Estimates of the correlation between maternal and grandmaternal genetic effects were large and negative. These results suggest that grandmaternal effects exist in some populations, that when such effects are ignored in analyses maternal heritability may be underestimated, and that the correlation between direct and maternal genetic effects may be biased downward if grandmaternal effects are not included in the model for weaning weight of beef cattle. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Van Vleck, LD (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 30 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 840 EP 845 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 268XK UT WOS:000084444800006 PM 10328347 ER PT J AU Wheeler, TL Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M AF Wheeler, TL Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M TI Tenderness classification of beef: IV. Effect of USDA quality grade on the palatability of "tender" beef longissimus when cooked well done SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; classification; cooking; grading; quality; tenderness ID STEAKS; COOKING AB The objective of this experiment was to determine the impact of USDA quality grade on the palatability of "tender" longissimus when cooked well done; Warner-Bratzler shear force was determined on longissimus thoracis steaks aged 3 or 14 d postmortem (cooked to 70 degrees C) fi om carcasses of 692 steers and heifers. Steaks from 31 carcasses with Modest or Moderate marbling scores (Top Choice) and steaks from 31 carcasses with Slight(00) to Slight(40) marbling scores (Low Select) were selected for this experiment from carcasses identified as "tender" (shear force < 5.0 kg at 3 d postmortem). Longissimus thoracis steaks with 3 or 14 d of postmortem aging were cooked to 80 degrees C and evaluated by a trained sensory descriptive attribute panel. Top Choice steaks had higher (P < .05) juiciness (5.8 vs 5.3) and beef flavor intensity ratings (4.9 vs 4.6) than Low Select steaks. Aging of steaks for 14, rather than 3, d postmortem improved (P < .05) beef flavor intensity rating (4.8 vs 4.7) but not (P > .05) juiciness rating (5.6 vs 5.5). The interaction (P < .05)of quality grade and aging time for tenderness rating indicated that Top Choice steaks were more tender (P < .05) with 3 d of aging than steaks from Low Select carcasses (6.3 vs 5.8), but steaks from Top Choice and Low Select carcasses had similar(P > .05) tenderness ratings after 14 d of aging (7.0 and 6.8),Compared to palatability of steaks from Low Select carcasses, the palatability of steaks fi om Top Choice carcasses was less affected by elevated degree of doneness in "tender" longissimus thoracis, especially when steaks were aged for only 3 d. Although differences in sensory traits between Top Choice and Low Select steaks were small, the consumers who cook beef well done may benefit from implementation of tenderness classification in conjunction with USDA quality grade. C1 USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wheeler, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 882 EP 888 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 268XK UT WOS:000084444800011 PM 10328352 ER PT J AU Bohnert, DW Larson, BT Bauer, ML Branco, AF McLeod, KR Harmon, DL Mitchell, GE AF Bohnert, DW Larson, BT Bauer, ML Branco, AF McLeod, KR Harmon, DL Mitchell, GE TI Nutritional evaluation of poultry by-product meal as a protein source for ruminants: Small intestinal amino acid flow and disappearance in steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE poultry; by-products; amino acids; protein; steers ID DIETARY ENERGY-LEVEL; CORN GLUTEN MEAL; NITROGEN-METABOLISM; NUTRIENT DIGESTION; SOYBEAN-MEAL; BLOOD MEAL; RUMEN; MICROORGANISMS; DEGRADATION; HYDROLYSIS AB Six Angus steers (260 +/- 4 kg initial BW) fitted with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design to evaluate the effect of feeding poultry by-product; meal (PEM) on small intestinal flow and disappearance of amino acids; The diets were provided at 2% of BW on a DM basis, formulated to contain 11.5% CP, and consisted of 49% corn silage, 36% cottonseed hulls, and 15% supplement on a DM basis. Supplements were formulated to contain 37% CP with sources of supplemental N being soybean meal (100% SBM) and 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% PBM, with urea used to balance for N. Duodenal flow of all amino acids increased linearly (P < .07) as PBM increased in the diet and, except for His, increased(P < .09) for 100% PBM compared with 100% SBM. Similar results were observed for duodenal flow of nonbacterial amino acids, which linearly increased (P < .05) with PBM and were greater(P < .05) for 100% PBM than for 100% SBM. Soybean meal increased (P < .09) the duodenal flow of nonbacterial Lys compared with 0% PBM, acid 0% PBM increased (P < .04) flow of Val, Ala, and Pro compared with 100% SBM. Duodenal bacterial essential, nonessential, and total amino acid flows were not affected(P > .80) by PBM; however, they were greater (P < .02); for 100% SBM than for 100% PBM. In addition, nonessential and total bacterial amino acid flows were increased (P < .06) for 100% SBM compared with 0% PBM. Small intestinal disappearance of Lys and Pro increased linearly (P < .09) as PBM increased, and 100% PBM increased (P < .07) disappearance of Arg and Ala compared with 100% SBM. Supplemental N source had no effect (P > .31) on apparent small intestinal disappearance of essential, nonessential, and total amino acids. These data suggest that when PBM, SBM, and urea were used as sources of supplemental N, the daily disappearance of amino acids from the small intestine of steer calves consuming a corn silage- and cottonseed hull-based diet was similar. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Larson, BT (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 77 IS 4 BP 1000 EP 1007 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 268XK UT WOS:000084444800027 PM 10328368 ER PT J AU Fett, WF Wijey, C Moreau, RA Osman, SF AF Fett, WF Wijey, C Moreau, RA Osman, SF TI Production of cutinase by Thermomonospora fusca ATCC 27730 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID F-SP-PISI; SUBERIN; PURIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; DEGRADATION; POLYMERS; ESTERASE; MONOMERS; ENZYMES AB Ten strains belonging to various Thermomonosora species were tested for their ability to hydrolyse the insoluble plant polyester cutin. One strain, the thermophile T. fusca ATCC 27730, was found to produce a highly inducible cutinase when grown in broth medium containing purified apple cv. Golden Delicious cutin. Apple pomace, tomato peel, potato suberin and commercial cork were also shown to induce cutinase production. Addition of glucose to the culture medium either at the beginning of fermentation or after 2 days of incubation in the presence of apple cutin led to repression of cutinase production. The cutinase was active against a wide range of cutins, including those isolated from other apple cultivars as well as tomato, cucumber, grapefruit, and green pepper. Cutinase activity; in the induced culture supernatant fluids exhibited a half-life of over 60 min at 70 degrees C and a pH optimum of 11.0. Some potential applications for cutinases are discussed. C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Plant Sci & Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Fett, WF (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Plant Sci & Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 34 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 86 IS 4 BP 561 EP 568 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00690.x PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 186MT UT WOS:000079734100002 ER PT J AU Roubenoff, R Skolnik, PR Shevitz, A Snydman, L Wang, A Melanson, S Gorbach, S AF Roubenoff, R Skolnik, PR Shevitz, A Snydman, L Wang, A Melanson, S Gorbach, S TI Effect of a single bout of acute exercise on plasma human immunodeficiency virus RNA levels SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immune system; human immunodeficiency virus; human immunodeficiency virus infection; acute exercise ID ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; INFECTED U1 CELLS; HIV-1 EXPRESSION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; VITAMIN-E; RESISTANCE; ACCUMULATION; NEUTROPHIL; CYTOKINES AB Acute exercise is known to activate the immune system and thus could lead to increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. We sought to determine whether a single acute bout of exercise, similar to what people experience when starting an intensive exercise program, has a detrimental effect on plasma HTV RNA levels. Twenty-five patients with HTV infection performed one 15-min bout of acute exercise. Absolute neutrophil counts, serum creatine phosphokinase, and 72-h urinary 3-methylhistidine (a marker of muscle protein breakdown) were measured before and after the exercise, along with plasma HIV RNA levels. There were increases in neutrophil counts (P < 0.06), serum creatine phosphokinase (P < 0.01), and urinary 3-methylhistidine (P < 0.01) in response to exercise, indicating a mild acute-phase response with muscle proteolysis. However, mean HTV RNA, which was elevated at baseline in 22 of the 25 subjects (mean of 4 x 105 +/- 0.7 x 10(5) copies/ml), did not increase during the week after exercise (P = 0.12). Small changes in RNA were seen in the three subjects with initially undetectable HIV RNA, but the significance of these changes is unclear. Acute exercise does not have a deleterious effect on HIV replication in adults with high viral loads. Because regular exercise training has not been shown to activate the acute-phase response, the lack of increased viral loads in response to an acute exercise intervention suggests that exercise training is safe in people with HIV infection. C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Community Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tupper Res Inst, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Roubenoff, R (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-00054]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-45734] NR 29 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 86 IS 4 BP 1197 EP 1201 PG 5 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 191EU UT WOS:000080010200014 PM 10194203 ER PT J AU Blank, RR Young, JA Allen, FL AF Blank, RR Young, JA Allen, FL TI Aeolian dust in a saline playa environment, Nevada, USA SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE aeolian dust; playa; oxalate; nitrate; Salsola paulsenii; sulfate; potassium ID SOUTHERN NEVADA; GERMINATION; DEPOSITION; BASIN; CALIFORNIA; SOILS; LAKE; TEMPERATURE; SEDIMENTS; NITRATE AB Saline playas in north-western Nevada, U.S.A., remnants of pluvial periods of the Pleistocene, represent a tremendous source of unconsolidated sediments available for aeolian transport. This study investigated the transport of aqueous-soluble solutes in dust from July 1994 through June 1996 along a transect from a barren salt-encrusted playa surface (elevation = 1224 m), to a former pluvial lake beach (elevation = 1228 m), to a dune-mantled upland (elevation = 1248 m). The content of aqueous-soluble solutes in aeolian dust showed a significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) interaction with dust trap location (playa, beach, dune) and time of collection. Dust collectors on the playa surface generally contained significantly more aqueous-soluble solutes and had greater total flux of solutes than either the beach or the dune locations. The solute content of aeolian dust was usually higher, in some cases several orders of magnitude, than chat in the surface 5 cm of soil. Recent changes in playa hydrology may explain this result. Pulses of nitrate-rich dust, synchronous with spring emergence, and other nutrient additions via aeolian dust may have stimulated invasion of dune-mantled uplands by the weed Salsola paulsenii (barb-wire Russian thistle). (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 USDA ARS, Ecol Temperate Desert Rangelands Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Blank, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ecol Temperate Desert Rangelands Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. NR 34 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD APR PY 1999 VL 41 IS 4 BP 365 EP 381 DI 10.1006/jare.1998.0491 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 214FP UT WOS:000081318200001 ER PT J AU Nowak-Thompson, B Chaney, N Wing, JS Gould, SJ Loper, JE AF Nowak-Thompson, B Chaney, N Wing, JS Gould, SJ Loper, JE TI Characterization of the pyoluteorin biosynthetic gene cluster of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; THIOESTERASE-II; CATALYTIC BASE; LYSR FAMILY; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; SYSTEM AB Ten genes (plt) required for the biosynthesis of pyoluteorin, an antifungal compound composed of a bichlorinated pyrrole linked to a resorcinol moiety, were identified within a 24-kb genomic region of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5, The deduced amino acid sequences of eight pit genes were similar to the amino acid sequences of genes with known biosynthetic functions, including type I polyketide synthases (pltB, pltC), an acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) dehydrogenase (pltE), an acyl-CoA synthetase (pltF), a thioesterase (pltG), and three halogenases (pltA, pltD, and pltM). Insertions of the transposon Tn5 or Tn3-nice or a kanamycin resistance gene in each of these genes abolished pyoluteorin production by Pf-5, The presumed functions of the eight ph products are consistent with biochemical transformations involved in pyoluteorin biosynthesis from proline and acetate precursors. Isotope labeling studies demonstrated that proline is the primary precursor to the dichloropyrrole moiety of pyoluteorin. The deduced amino acid sequence of the product of another pit gene, pltR, is similar to those of members of the LysR family of transcriptional activators. pltR and pltM are transcribed divergently from the pltLABCDEFG gene cluster, and a sequence with the characteristics of a LysR binding site was identified within the 486-bp intergenic region separating pltRM from pltLABCDEFG. Transcription of the pyoluteorin biosynthesis genes pltB, pltE, and pltF, assessed with transcriptional fusions to an ice nucleation reporter gene, was significantly greater in Pf-5 than in a pltR mutant of Pf-5, Therefore, PltR is proposed to be a transcriptional activator of linked pyoluteorin biosynthesis genes. C1 USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Loper, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM loperj@bcc.orst.edu NR 61 TC 151 Z9 163 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 181 IS 7 BP 2166 EP 2174 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 180CV UT WOS:000079368400024 PM 10094695 ER PT J AU Koszewski, NJ Reinhardt, TA Horst, RL AF Koszewski, NJ Reinhardt, TA Horst, RL TI Differential effects of 20-epi vitamin D analogs on the vitamin D receptor homodimer SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RETINOID-X RECEPTOR; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; D-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT; CASEIN KINASE-II; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; PROMOTER SELECTIVITY; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; CLONAL GROWTH; IN-VITRO; EB1089 AB Vitamin D analogs have received increased attention because of their possible therapeutic benefits in treating osteoporosis and various proliferative disorders. Several analogs were examined for their effects on DNA binding of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) homodimer complex with the murine osteopontin vitamin D response element. All of the tested analogs increased complex binding by recombinant human VDR in the electrophoretic mobility shift assay and notable differences in mobility of these complexes were observed. A panel of C-terminal anti-VDR antisera were screened for their ability to interact with analog-bound VDR homodimer complexes or as a heterodimer complex with recombinant human retinoid Ii receptor a (rhRXR alpha). Like calcitriol, analog-bound heterodimer complexes were largely resistant to interaction with these antisera; however, striking differences were observed with the various antisera in an analogous homodimer binding experiment. KH1060 and CB1093, analogs with 20-epi conformations, produced homodimer complexes that were 3- to 6-fold more resistant to supershifting with Ab180 compared with the hormone or EB1089, Chymotrypsin digestion in combination with Western blotting using a C-terminal anti-VDR antiserum revealed similar digestion patterns for all ligands. However, KH1060- and CB1093-bound VDR complexes mere more resistant to digestion than either calcitriol or EB1089. Finally, the ability of these compounds to yield stable homodimer complexes was assessed by challenging preformed homodiner with the exogenous addition of rhRXRa extracts. Although new heterodimer complexes appeared in a time-dependent fashion, the preformed homodimer complexes exhibited stable binding throughout the time course of the experiment. The results indicate that VDR homodimers are targets of vitamin D analogs with differential effects on C-terminal protein conformation that may partially explain the varied biological responses of these compounds. C1 Univ Kentucky, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol Bone & Mineral Metab, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Metab Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. RP Koszewski, NJ (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol Bone & Mineral Metab, Room MN562,800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK47883] NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 14 IS 4 BP 509 EP 517 DI 10.1359/jbmr.1999.14.4.509 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 178LL UT WOS:000079267100005 PM 10234571 ER PT J AU Wackers, FL Lewis, WJ AF Wackers, FL Lewis, WJ TI A comparison of color-, shape- and pattern-learning by the hymenopteran parasitoid Microplitis croceipes SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE visual discrimination; hymenopteran parasitoid; host finding; learning predisposition ID ROBORATOR F HYMENOPTERA; CHEMICAL SIGNALS; LEAF DAMAGE; HOST; BEHAVIOR; CRESSON; VISION; ICHNEUMONIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; RECOGNITION AB Visual learning by the larval parasitoid, Microplitis croceipes Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was investigated in flight chamber studies. During conditioning, free-ranging parasitoids were given a choice between two visual alternatives, only one of which offered a host larva. By using alternatives that differed in either color, shape or pattern, parasitoids could be conditioned to distinguish host sites on the basis of each of these visual cues. Tests during which no reward was offered were conducted following six rewards (ovipositions) at one of the two alternative stimuli. The test results reveal that M. croceipes learned to distinguish between shapes more readily than between colors or patterns. This high rate of shape learning in this parasitoid is in strong contrast to the learning capacity of honey bees, which have been shown to learn color better than pattern and pattern better than shapes. It is argued that the difference in learning capacities between M. croceipes and the honey bee may reflect the different selection pressures imposed on these two species by their natural ecological needs. The high rate of shape learning in M. croceipes may be adaptive in dealing with the homochromatic but multishaped environment in which parasitoids have to locate their herbivorous hosts. C1 Agr Univ Wageningen, Dept Entomol, NL-6700 EH Wageningen, Netherlands. ARS, Insect Biol & Populat Management Res Lab, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Wackers, FL (reprint author), ETH Zurich, Inst Plant Sci, Clausiusstr 25, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. NR 63 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0340-7594 J9 J COMP PHYSIOL A JI J. Comp. Physiol. A-Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 184 IS 4 BP 387 EP 393 DI 10.1007/s003590050337 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Physiology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology; Zoology GA 213DU UT WOS:000081257700004 ER PT J AU Gburek, WJ Folmar, GJ AF Gburek, WJ Folmar, GJ TI Patterns of contaminant transport in a layered fractured aquifer SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydrology; ground water; watersheds; aquifer; fractures; flow lines; recharge ID NITRATE; LYSIMETERS; MODEL; FLOW AB We investigated patterns of contaminant transport within the layered and fractured aquifer of a 7.3-km(2) upland agricultural watershed in east-central Pennsylvania, USA. Geometry and hydraulic properties of the aquifer had been characterized by field testing and model calibration. These results were extended to simulate flow pathways and patterns of contaminant transport in both areal and cross-section formats within the watershed. The analyses indicated that the ground water flow system at the larger watershed scale is comprised of smaller units of subsurface flow which are self-contained at the scale of first- or second-order streams. For this scale subwatershed or larger, contaminant inputs to ground water from the mix of land use within the subwatershed should translate directly to the quality of nonstorm streamflow. For illustration, recharge water quality from typical land-use distributions were combined with a simple model of contaminant transport to simulate nitrate concentration patterns in ground water in a cross-section format. Land use in the vicinity of the drainage divides between streams was found to control ground water quality within the deeper layers of the aquifer, while land use over the remainder of the watershed area affected water quality only within the shallower layers of the aquifer. Streamflow nitrate data collected during a baseflow survey on the watershed were examined in context of these simulations and found to support the conclusions. Results of the study demonstrate the potential for localized contamination of ground water and nonstorm streamflow by agricultural land use, as well as the potential for managing stream quality and minimizing contamination within targeted zones of the ground water by controlling land use position. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gburek, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Lab, Pasture Lab Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM wjg1@psu.edu NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 109 DI 10.1016/S0169-7722(98)00158-2 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 180QN UT WOS:000079396800005 ER PT J AU Harbo, JR Harris, JW AF Harbo, JR Harris, JW TI Heritability in honey bees (Hymenoptera : Apidae) of characteristics associated with resistance to Varroa jacobsoni (Mesostigmata : Varroidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Varroa jacobsoni; breeding; selection; heritability; resistance ID APIS-MELLIFERA L; BROOD CELLS; MITE; COLONIES; WORKER; OUD; REPRODUCTION; BEHAVIOR; STAGE AB This study uses sibling analysis to measure the heritability in honey bees, Apis mellifera L., of characteristics that have been associated with resistance to the mite, Varroa jacobsoni Oudemans. Twenty-eight uniform colonies of bees were established on 13 May in Baton Rouge, LA, each with 1 kg of mite-infested bees and a queen. The 28 unrelated queens in these colonies were divided into 7 groups of 4 based on the insemination of 4 queens with the same mixture of semen from 1 of 7 sire colonies. After worker progeny from these queens had replaced the initial bee populations, a colony was related as a full sister to the other 3 colonies in its sire group and unrelated to the other 24 colonies. Heritability (h(2)) was 1.24 for proportion of mites in brood, 0.65 for hygienic behavior, 0.89 for the duration of the capped period, 0.46 for suppression of mite reproduction, and 0.00 for physical damage to mites (measured by the presence of physically broken or dented mites on the bottom board). These results suggest that it should be possible to enhance the expression of 4 of these 5 characteristics with selective breeding of bees, thus reinforcing confidence in our ability to breed honey bees for resistance to V. jacobsoni. C1 ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Harbo, JR (reprint author), ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. NR 30 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 9 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 261 EP 265 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900003 ER PT J AU Guerrero, FD Pruett, JH Kunz, SE Kammlah, DM AF Guerrero, FD Pruett, JH Kunz, SE Kammlah, DM TI Esterase profiles of diazinon-susceptible and -resistant horn flies (Diptera : Muscidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hematobia irritans irritans; diazinon resistance; protein electrophoresis; native gels; dot blot assays ID INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; PYRETHROID-RESISTANT; HAEMATOBIA-IRRITANS; IDENTIFICATION; BIOCHEMISTRY; CUPRINA; STRAINS AB A field population of horn flies, Hematobia irritans irritans (L.), exhibiting diazinon resistance in bioassays also displayed high overall esterase activity and organophosphate-insensitive acetylcholinesterase in dot blot activity assays. Native polyacrylamide gels yielded a complex qualitative and quantitative profile of esterases that varied considerably among individual flies from 9 populations, with 28 different esterase bands identified. The results from topical diazinon application experiments and subsequent analysis indicate that a number of specific esterases may contribute to diazinon resistance in the hem fly. C1 ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Guerrero, FD (reprint author), ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 286 EP 292 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900007 ER PT J AU Valles, SM AF Valles, SM TI lambda-Cyhalothrin resistance detection in the German cockroach (Blattodea : Blattellidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Blattella germanica; diagnostic concentration; resistance detection; insecticide resistance; lambda-cyhalothrin ID INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; DICTYOPTERA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FIELD AB lambda-Cyhalothrin resistance levels of 13 recently collected field strains of German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), were determined by topical insecticide bioassay. The resistance levels ranged from 21- to 67-fold. Residual bioassays were conducted simultaneously against the Orlando insecticide-susceptible strain, the HRDC strain (carbamate resistant), the Village Green strain (pyrethroid resistant), and the Marietta strain (pyrethroid, carbamate, and organophosphorus resistant) to determine a diagnostic concentration for use in resistance detection bioassays. The LC99 of the Orlando susceptible strain (0.9 mu g per jar) and 5 times the Orlando LC99 (4.5 mu g per jar) were chosen for use in lambda-cyhalothrin resistance detection bioassays. A highly significant relationship was observed between mortality at 5 times the LC99 of Orlando (4.5 mu g per jar) and resistance ratio (LD50 in topical bioassays). The relevance of this relationship to lambda-cyhalothrin resistance detection is discussed. C1 ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 293 EP 297 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900008 ER PT J AU Elzen, GW Rojas, MG Elzen, PJ King, EG Barcenas, NM AF Elzen, GW Rojas, MG Elzen, PJ King, EG Barcenas, NM TI Toxicological responses of the boll weevil (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) ectoparasitoid Catolaccus grandis (Hymenoptera : Pteromalidae) to selected insecticides SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Catolaccus grandis; Anthonomus grandis grandis; insecticide; parasitoid ID MICROPLITIS-CROCEIPES HYMENOPTERA; COTTON INSECTICIDES; FIELD RATES; BRACONIDAE; TOXICITY; PARASITE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; AZINPHOSMETHYL; INFESTATIONS; POPULATIONS AB A glass vial bioassay was used to determine the toxicity of 10 insecticides to 3 strains of the boil weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, ectoparasitoid Catolaccus grandis (Burks). Technical-grade samples of dimethoate, endosulfan, oxamyl, acephate, malathion, azinphos-methyl, cyfluthrin, methyl parathion, spinosad, and fipronil were used in bioassays. Three strains of C. grandis were tested: 2 in vivo-reared strains, (i.e., the In Vivo strain and the Sinaloa strain), and 1 in vitro-reared strain reared on an artificial diet completely devoid of insect components (i.e., the In Vitro strain). Endosulfan, spinosad, and azinphos-methyl were significantly less toxic to the In Vivo strain than other treatments. Endosulfan was also significantly less toxic to the Sinaloa strain than other treatments. Azinphos-methyl was significantly less toxic to the In Vitro strain than other treatments. In addition, malathion, the insecticide most widely used in bell weevil eradication, was significantly more toxic to the In Vitro strain than other treatments. However, it cannot be determined directly from the data which insecticides may be more toxic to C. grandis in the field. Bioassays must be refined so that risks to natural enemies can be predicted reliably. In so doing, chemical insecticides may be developed and used that may be selective (i.e., more toxic to a pest than to a beneficial species). The data reported herein, however, is likely to be useful to many ecotoxicologists. C1 ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Elzen, GW (reprint author), ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, USDA, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 4 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 309 EP 313 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900011 ER PT J AU Scheffer, SJ AF Scheffer, SJ TI Use of sugar beet foliage by the introduced leafmining fly Amauromyza flavifrons (Diptera : Agromyzidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amauromyza flavifrons; Beta vulgaris; novel host; host range ID HOST RANGE EVOLUTION; MODEL AB Laboratory and held experiments investigated the use of a nontraditional host, Beta vulgaris L. (sugar beet), by the leafminer Amauromyza flavifrons Meigen. In laboratory trials using leafminers from the northeastern United States where sugar beets are not grown commercially; female flies readily oviposited on B, vulgaris even when a commonly used host, Saponaria officinalis L., was present. However, larval mortality was significantly higher on B. vulgaris than on S. officinalis and occurred at an earlier instar. Larval mentality on S. officinalis was significantly correlated with the number of miners in each leaf, suggesting an effect of larval competition, whereas on B, vulgaris, larval mortality was independent of the number of miners in a leaf. Results from an experimental garden array in the northeastern United States showed that wild, unconfined A. flavifrons females will oviposit on B. vulgaris and confirmed substantial early larval mortality on this plant. Implications of female oviposition and larval mortality on B. vulgaris are discussed in terms of the probable spread of this ny to western sugar beet growing regions. C1 ARS, Syst Entomol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Scheffer, SJ (reprint author), ARS, Syst Entomol Lab, USDA, Bldg 046,BARC-W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 347 EP 350 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900016 ER PT J AU Gould, JR Naranjo, SE AF Gould, JR Naranjo, SE TI Distribution and sampling of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) and Eretmocerus eremicus (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) on cantaloupe vines SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bemisia argentifolii; Eretmocerus eremicus; cantaloupe; sampling; distribution ID TABACI HOMOPTERA; COTTON; FIELDS AB Studies were conducted to examine the spatial distribution of immature Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring and immature Eretmocerus eremicus Rose & Zolnerowich on cantaloupe vines and to develop efficient sampling plans. More B. argentifolii eggs were found on the 3rd leaf from the terminal of a cantaloupe vine than on any other leaf The density of whitefly nymphs peaked at leaf position 8, whitefly pupae (large 4th instars) peaked at leaf position 11, and immature E. eremicus peaked at leaf position 14. We looked at 4 parameters to describe the distribution of whitefly and parasitoid life-stages among the various leaf positions as follows: (1) median leaf position, (2) the leaf position with the highest percentage of a particular stage, (3) the leaf position where insect counts were best correlated with counts on the entire vine, and (4) the coefficient of variation (CV). All 4 distribution parameters changed throughout the season. In general the leaf positions described by the 4 distribution parameters increased (i.e., were further from the terminal) until the middle of the season when they began to decline. Across the entire season, the 4 distribution parameters for whitefly eggs were associated with leaf positions 3, 4 and 5; for whitefly nymphs with leaf positions 7, 8, and 10; for whitefly pupae with leaf positions 11 and 12; and for immature parasitoids with leaf positions 11, 13, and 14. Based on considerations of cost and precision, it was most efficient to sample leaf 3 for whitefly eggs, leaf 8 for whitefly nymphs, leaf 11 for whitefly pupae, and leaf 14 for immature parasitoids. Using the Taylor power law, density-dependent minimum sample sizes (number of leaves per field) necessary to achieve a predetermined statistical precision (mean +/- SE) were estimated Over a broad range of densities, 50 leaves per field are adequate to achieve a precision of 0.20-0.25 for all life stages. We also provide estimates of the optimum number of leaves to collect per vine based on the within-vine and between-vine variability and the costs (time) associated with counting whiteflies and moving to another vine. C1 USDA, APHIS, Phoenix Plant Protect Ctr, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Gould, JR (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, Phoenix Plant Protect Ctr, 4125 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 402 EP 408 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900023 ER PT J AU Su, NY Ban, PM Chew, V Scheffrahn, RH AF Su, NY Ban, PM Chew, V Scheffrahn, RH TI Size and edge effects of concrete plots on chlorpyrifos degradation in sub-slab sand SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coptotermes formosanus; Reticulitermes flavipes; subterranean termites; soil treatment; termiticide longevity ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES ISOPTERA; SOIL TERMITICIDES; RHINOTERMITIDAE AB Chlorpyrifos degradation in sub-slab sand was studied using concrete plots of small or large (16X) size. Degradation half-life (k) for chlorpyrifos in sub-slab sand from small plots was faster (approximate to 4.5 mo) than that measured from any of the 3 distance zones of large plots (approximate to 15.9-21.6 mo). There was a tendency for more rapid degradation toward the slab edge of a large plot or edge effects. Some chlorpyrifos at the slab edge may have been released into the atmosphere or may have degraded more rapidly than inner zones because of more exposure to environmental factors such as water immersion or temperature fluctuation. Chlorpyrifos beneath a small plot degraded faster (k = 4.5 mo) than that of the outer zone of a large plot (k = 15.9 mo) because the edge effects affected small plots from 4 sides, whereas only 1 or 2 sides of outer zones of large plots contained a slab edge. Because a typical house may occupy a much larger area, results from simulated held evaluation studies using miniature plots may substantially underestimate chlorpyrifos longevity. C1 Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Biometr Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Su, NY (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 409 EP 415 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900024 ER PT J AU Geden, CJ Hogsette, JA Jacobs, RD AF Geden, CJ Hogsette, JA Jacobs, RD TI Effect of airflow on house fly (Diptera : Muscidae) distribution in poultry houses SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Musca domestica; sampling; sticky card; poultry; airflow; spatial distribution ID MUSCA-DOMESTICA DIPTERA; POPULATIONS; FLIES AB Numbers of fecal and vomit spots deposited by house flies, Musca domestica L., on spot cards were about twice as high on cards placed on the downwind sides as on the upwind sides of building support posts in caged-layer poultry houses with tunnel ventilation in Brocksville, FL. This trend was stronger at the ends of the houses where airflow is faster than in the relatively still-air center of the houses. A similar evaluation conducted in a puller house (Zephyrhills, FL) with an evaporative cooling ventilation system revealed significantly higher ny counts on spot cards and sticky cards in downwind compared with upwind orientations. Flies in the puller house were concentrated in both ends of the house and in the center, with comparatively fewer flies in the intermediate regions. There was a high degree of correlation between spot card and sticky card counts in the pullet house. C1 ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Geden, CJ (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, POB 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 416 EP 420 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900025 PM 10333752 ER PT J AU Mankin, RW Shuman, D Weaver, DK AF Mankin, RW Shuman, D Weaver, DK TI Thermal treatments to increase acoustic detectability of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) in stored grain SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sitophilus oryzae; acoustic detection; stored products; grain ID TEMPERATURE; WHEAT; INSECTS; KERNELS; LARVAE; POPULATIONS; INFESTATION; BEETLES; WEEVIL AB Hidden infestations of stored-product insect larvae are detected most rapidly by acoustic techniques when the larvae are highly active. Larval activity is periodic, however, and it tends to decrease after the larvae are disturbed or cooled. Because of the practical need for rapid inspection of grain at commercial elevators, several heat treatments were tested as potential methods of increasing larval activity and improving the speed and reliability of acoustic detection under adverse conditions. Samples of grain infested with 4th instars of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) were exposed to different radiant and convective heat treatments after they had been conditioned at 11 degrees C, 17 degrees C, or room temperature for 12-24 h. Relative activity levels were evaluated over periods of 0-12 h based on the mean levels in a 15-min interval, 2 h after the beginning of a trial. In comparisons among treatments with precooled larvae, relative activity levels 5-10 min after brief heat pulses were 2-30 times higher than activity levels in precooled controls exposed only to ambient temperatures (25 degrees C). After 15-25 min, the relative activity levels of these heated larvae remained 2-5 times higher than those of the ambient controls. Brief movement disturbances inhibited activity for approximate to 20 min at any temperature. These results suggest that, in general, larval detectability is enhanced if cool grain samples are warmed and all samples are left undisturbed for 15-20 min before inspection. C1 ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 453 EP 462 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900031 PM 10333753 ER PT J AU Burks, CS Hagstrum, DW Baker, JE AF Burks, CS Hagstrum, DW Baker, JE TI Selection of cold injury treatments to facilitate release of the parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera : Pteromalidae) reared on the rice weevil (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anisopteromalus calandrae; Sitophilus oryzae; biological control; cold injury ID STORED WHEAT; FLY DIPTERA; TEMPERATURE AB The use of cold treatments to kill the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) before eclosion but allow the parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) to complete development and eclosion was examined. Cold tolerance, crystallization temperature, and developmental stage of rice weevils were examined at 2-d intervals between 18 and 30 d after rice weevil oviposition. The median crystallization temperature dropped from -16 to -24 degrees C: over this time, and cold tolerance was lowest between day 20 and 24. Based on these data, rice weevil immatures were exposed on days 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, and 24 after oviposition for 2 h to various subzero temperatures. Hosts were exposed to parasitoids for oviposition on day 20. Before parasitization, rice weevils were either frozen internally by exposure to -25 degrees C, or were subjected to nonfreezing chilling injury by exposure to -12 degrees C. Rice weevils exposed to cold after parasitization were subjected to chilling injury by exposure to either -12 or -10 degrees C. Freezing rice weevil larvae before parasitization resulted in poor production of parasitoids and a sex ratio favoring males. Exposure to -12 degrees C for 2 h, 2 or 3 d after parasitization resulted in production of parasitoids similar to unchilled controls, and a slightly higher female-to-male ratio than the controls. The production of A. calandrae was better after exposure to -10 degrees C, but at this temperature some rice weevils eclosed. The treatment of 2 h at -12 degrees C, 3 d after parasitization gave the best parasitoid survival and ensured rice weevil mortality. C1 USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Burks, CS (reprint author), Hort Crops Res Lab, 2021 S Peach Ave, Fresno, CA 93727 USA. OI Burks, Charles/0000-0003-0242-8644 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 473 EP 479 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900033 ER PT J AU Hallman, GJ AF Hallman, GJ TI Lethality of cold to third instars, pupae, and pharate adults of the Mexican fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anaestrepha ludens; quarantine treatment; diapause; pupariation; cold treatment AB Tolerance of Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), 3rd instars and puparial stages to 1.1 degrees C was evaluated. Mexican fruit flies were more susceptible to cold during the first few days after cessation of larval feeding (through the cryptocephalic pupal stage) than feeding 3rd instars. That is a period of intense morphological change for the insect. First-day phanerocephalic pupae, however, were estimated to require twice as much time to achieve LT99.9968 at 1.1 degrees C compared with feeding 3rd instars. Although the Mexican fruit By does not diapause, the phanerocephalic stage is the diapausing stage for tephritids that do diapause. A major implication of this study is that cold-treated fruits are usually packed before treatment, and larvae could conceivably emerge and pupate within the packaging before temperatures are reduced to sufficient levels to stop development. Newly formed phanerocephalic pupae and pharate adults >3 d old are more tolerant of cold than 3rd instars. Therefore, fruits should not be held at temperatures after packaging that allow sufficient time For fruit By development to the phanerocephalic pupa. C1 ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Hallman, GJ (reprint author), ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2301 S Int Blvd, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 480 EP 484 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900034 ER PT J AU Yokoyama, VY Miller, GT AF Yokoyama, VY Miller, GT TI Host status of fresh prunes by potential quarantine pests in laboratory tests and evaluation of packinghouse culls SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Prunus domestica; Cydia pomonella; Anarsia lineatella; Platynota stultana; Grapholita molesta; Amyelois transitella; Rhagoletis completa ID HUSK FLY DIPTERA; MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; STONE FRUITS; FREE PERIOD; NEW-ZEALAND; TEPHRITIDAE; TORTRICIDAE AB The status of fresh prunes, Prunus domestica L., as a host for codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae); peach twig borer, Anarsia lineatella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae); omnivorous leafroller, Platynota stultana Walshingham (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae); oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molester (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae); navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae); and walnut husk fly, Rhagoletis completa Cresson (Diptera: Tephritidae), was investigated in laboratory tests and by examination of packinghouse culls. In laboratory no-choice tests, the mean number of adults reared per fruit was 0.01 for codling moth, 0.08 for omnivorous leafroller, 0 for oriental fruit moth, and 1.6 for navel orangeworm. In choice tests the mean number of adults reared per apple or fresh prune was for codling moth, 0.78 and 0.02 (significantly different); for omnivorous leafroller, 0.05 and 0.02; and for oriental fruit moth, 2.07 and 0 (significantly different), respectively. Walnut husk ny oviposited in fresh prunes in no-choice tests but pupae did not develop from the fruit. In choice tests, walnut husk ny did not oviposit in fresh prunes when caged with its normal host, green walnuts, in which large numbers of pupae developed. Inspection of packinghouse culls for immature insects showed that fresh prunes with possible larval feeding sites in the form of frass or fruit gum extrusions were lighter in weight, significantly less firm, similar in color, and had significantly higher soluble solids than noninfested fruit. Based on packinghouse cull samples, 1 fresh prune per 133 harvested fruit would be expected to show possible insect damage. Eleven peach twig borer larvae were found in fresh prune cull samples (213.9 kg) removed from a 16,744.5-kg harvest. The calculated level of infestation was 1 infested fruit per 8,501.8 fruit harvested or per 21.7 cartons of medium-sized packed fruit. Based on our results, the risk of infestation of fresh prunes by the insects in this study would be minimal in fruit exported from the San Joaquin Valley of California. C1 ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Fresno, CA 93727 USA. RP Yokoyama, VY (reprint author), ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, 2021 S Peach Ave, Fresno, CA 93727 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 92 IS 2 BP 485 EP 489 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 194AX UT WOS:000080170900035 PM 10333755 ER PT J AU Proshold, FI Carpenter, JE AF Proshold, FI Carpenter, JE TI Archytas marmoratus (Diptera : Tachinidae) survival in diapausing and nondiapausing strains of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE corn earworm; diapause; overwintering survival; augmentation; Archytas marmoratus ID HELIOTHIS-ZEA; STAGE CORN; LARVAE; WHORL AB Archytas marmoratus (Townsend) was reared on four strains of corn earworm, Helicoverpa tea (Boddie). One strain did not diapause or entered a weak diapause. A portion of the other three strains entered diapause when reared at 19 or 22 degrees C and 10:14 h photoperiod (L:D). No A. marmoratus entered diapause; 90% eclosed with no differences among strains or rearing condition, and the number of days from host pupation to eclosion within rearing condition was similar regardless of host strain. Parasitized pupae did not enter a chill-terminated diapause, as indicated by loss of larval eyespots within 2 wks. Either the presence of A. marmoratus maggots prevented diapause in its host or diapause was terminated by rapid development of the maggot after host pupation. These data suggest that A. marmoratus does not overwinter as a larva or pupa in the cooler regions of its distribution. C1 USDA ARS, Insect Biol & Populat Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Proshold, FI (reprint author), USDA ARS, Insect Biol & Populat Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 239 EP 248 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 191PG UT WOS:000080030300009 ER PT J AU Garber, L Wells, S Schroeder-Tucker, L Ferris, K AF Garber, L Wells, S Schroeder-Tucker, L Ferris, K TI Factors associated with fecal shedding of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 on dairy farms SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; CATTLE; OUTBREAK; PROBES; HERDS; BEEF AB Fecal samples were collected from 4,361 dairy cows on 91 dairy operations between 26 February and 8 July 1996. Fecal samples were cultured for Escherichia coli O157, and positive isolates were probed for verotoxin-producing genes. A total of 52 (1.2%) fecal samples on 22 (24.2%) operations were positive for verotoxin-producing E. coli O157. Herds in which samples were collected on or after 1 May 1996 were significantly more likely to test positive than herds sampled before that date (odds ratio = 7.7). Herds maintained on farms ton which alleyways were flushed with water to remove manure were 8.0 times more likely to have samples test positive for verotoxin-producing E. coli O157 than were herds maintained on farms cleaned by use of other methods of manure removal. C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Garber, L (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, 555 S Howes, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 26 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1999 VL 62 IS 4 BP 307 EP 312 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 185DU UT WOS:000079653500001 PM 10419200 ER PT J AU Liao, CH Sapers, GM AF Liao, CH Sapers, GM TI Influence of soft rot bacteria on growth of Listeria monocytogenes on potato tuber slices SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID FRESH VEGETABLES; PSEUDOMONAS; SALADS; SIDEROPHORES; SALMONELLA; ENDIVE; FRUITS; READY; FATE; FOOD AB Growth of Listeria monocytogenes on potato tuber slices and its interaction with four representative species of soft rot bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. viridiflava, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, and Xanthomonas campestris) were investigated. When potato tuber slices were inoculated with one of two L. monocytogenes strains (Scott A and ATCC 15313), an increase in numbers of 3 to 4 logs per gram of tissue was observed with samples that were stored at 20 degrees C for 6 days. However, an increase of about 2 logs was observed with samples that were stored at 8 degrees C for 12 days. When potato slices were simultaneously inoculated with L. monocytogenes and one of the four soft rot bacteria, the growth of L. monocytogenes was inhibited in the presence of P. fluorescens or P. viridiflava but was not significantly affected in the presence of E. carotovora or X. campestris. The antagonism of the two pseudomonads to L. monocytogenes was also observed in potato tuber extract and in culture media. Formation of inhibition zones was observed only in iron-deficient media but not in the medium supplemented with FeCl3. In addition, production of fluorescent siderophore (pyoverdin) by these two pseudomonads was demonstrated. L monocytogenes was unable to colonize macerated plant tissue induced by soft-rotting bacteria 2 days before inoculation of the pathogen. These results indicate that growth of L. monocytogenes on potato tuber slices is differentially affected by soft rot bacteria and that antagonism of fluorescent pseudomonads to L. monocytogenes is possibly caused by the production of iron-chelating siderophore by these pseudomonads. C1 ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liao, CH (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1999 VL 62 IS 4 BP 343 EP 348 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 185DU UT WOS:000079653500007 PM 10419206 ER PT J AU Bailey, PD Haney, HL Callihan, DS Greene, JL AF Bailey, PD Haney, HL Callihan, DS Greene, JL TI Income tax considerations for forest landowners in the South SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article AB Federal and state income taxes are calculated for hypothetical owners of nonindustrial private forests (NIPF) across 14 southern states to illustrate the effects of differential state tax treatment. The income tax liability is calculated in a year in which the timber owners harvest $200,000 worth of timber. After-tax land expectation values for a forest landowner are also calculated to illustrate the effects of tax planning on returns to a timber investment over time. Landowners who fail to take advantage of the many tax provisions can lose a third or more of their timberland revenues to income taxes. C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forestry, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. US Forest Serv, So Forest Expt Stn, Forest Resource Law & Econ Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70113 USA. RP Bailey, PD (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forestry, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD APR PY 1999 VL 97 IS 4 BP 10 EP 15 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 182CF UT WOS:000079480400004 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC Kershner, JL AF Bragg, DC Kershner, JL TI Coarse woody debris in riparian zones - Opportunity for interdisciplinary interaction SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID BUFFER STRIPS; STREAMS; MANAGEMENT; HABITAT; FISH AB In managing coarse woody debris, foresters, fishery biologists, wildlife managers, geomorphologists, recreation specialists, and policy personnel have many opportunities to coordinate watershed planning, cooperatively utilize natural patterns and processes, and improve socioecological systems. Past (and even present) management of riparian debris has been inconsistent. But a growing body of biophysical evidence, coupled with growing acceptance of ecosystem management on public lands, gives hope that together we can sustain this vital component of ecosystem integrity. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Utah State Univ, USDA, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Fish Ecol Unit,Forest Serv, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD APR PY 1999 VL 97 IS 4 BP 30 EP 35 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 182CF UT WOS:000079480400012 ER PT J AU Gburek, WJ Folmar, GJ AF Gburek, WJ Folmar, GJ TI Flow and chemical contributions to streamflow in an upland watershed: a baseflow survey SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE watersheds; hydrology; groundwater; streams; agriculture; water quality; geochemistry; nitrate ID NITRATE; LYSIMETERS; PATTERNS AB We sampled an east-central Pennsylvania watershed to investigate controls on baseflow and the associated water quality in the upland agricultural watershed setting. Tributaries and upgradient reaches of two main streams exhibited increasing flow from influent groundwater, but rates of increase were different depending on topographic position. Approximately midway through the watershed, the main streams showed loss of flow to groundwater, but reverted to gaining conditions near the watershed outlet, a zone of groundwater discharge. Tributaries draining a forested ridge exhibited low ionic concentrations, while those originating within agricultural areas exhibited higher concentrations of all ions, including NO3-N upto 20 mg l(-1). These concentrations represent drainage from a surficial aquifer with water quality affected by overlying land use. From midway down the main streams to the watershed outlet, baseflow exhibited stable and moderate chemical concentrations; Ca, Mg, SO4, Cl, NO3, and HCO3 were the dominant ions, and NO3-N concentrations were about 5 mg l(-1). A simple model was developed to explain nitrate concentrations within baseflow. It showed that nitrate was predictable down to the subwatershed scale based on percentage of major land use categories. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gburek, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Lab, Pasture Lab Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 18 TC 64 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 217 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00282-0 PG 18 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 186BP UT WOS:000079707200001 ER PT J AU Greenwald, RJ Urban, JF Ekkens, MJ Chen, SJ Nguyen, D Fang, H Finkelman, FD Sharpe, AH Gause, WC AF Greenwald, RJ Urban, JF Ekkens, MJ Chen, SJ Nguyen, D Fang, H Finkelman, FD Sharpe, AH Gause, WC TI B7-2 is required for the progression but not the initiation of the type 2 immune response to a gastrointestinal nematode parasite SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYTOKINE GENE-EXPRESSION; IL-4-PRODUCING T-CELLS; COSTIMULATORY MOLECULES; ISOTYPE SELECTION; CD80 B7-1; CTLA-4; IL-4; LIGANDS; CD28; RECEPTORS AB T cells require CD28/CTLA-4 costimulatory molecule interactions in addition to Ag-specific signals through the TCR for in vivo effector Th cell function. Some studies have suggested that the ligands for these costimulatory molecules may differentially influence effector T cell function,vith B7-2 favoring a type 2 response and B7-1 favoring a type 1 response, while other studies have suggested that these molecules may be redundant. The recent development of B7-2-deficient mice permits the direct analysis of the requirement of B7-2 during a type 2 immune response to an infectious pathogen, We have examined, in B7-2-deficient mice, effector Th cell function and the associated type 2 immune response following infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus, a natural murine parasitic nematode, Elevations in cytokine gene expression and protein secretion were pronounced and comparable in inoculated B7-2(-/-) and B7-2(+/+) mice at day 8 after H, polygyrus inoculation. However, by day 14 after infection, increases in T cell cytokine expression were markedly inhibited in H, polygyrus-inoculated B7-2(-/-) mice. Furthermore, elevations in serum IgE and germinal center formation were inhibited at later stages of the immune response, while elevations in serum IgG1 persisted, These findings suggest that certain T-dependent components vary in their B7-2-dependency during the type 2 immune response. They further demonstrate that B7-2 interactions are not necessary for the initiation of the type 2 immune response, but are instead required for its progression after the development of effector T cells. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. USDA, Immunol Dis Resistance Lab, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Gause, WC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM wgause@usuhs.mil OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI21328] NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 162 IS 7 BP 4133 EP 4139 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 178QT UT WOS:000079278000052 PM 10201938 ER PT J AU Lang, KE Bonnel, EL Havel, PJ Gale, B Reilly, J Van Loan, M King, JC AF Lang, KE Bonnel, EL Havel, PJ Gale, B Reilly, J Van Loan, M King, JC TI Changes in leptin and body fat mass relate to the rise in BMR during pregnancy. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 SU S BP 198A EP 198A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 182AV UT WOS:000079477100109 ER PT J AU Joshi, BK Gloer, JB Wicklow, DT Dowd, PF AF Joshi, BK Gloer, JB Wicklow, DT Dowd, PF TI Sclerotigenin: A new antiinsectan benzodiazepine from the sclerotia of Penicillium sclerotigenum SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID PEPTIDAL CHOLECYSTOKININ ANTAGONIST; ASPERGILLUS-ALLIACEUS; ASPERLICIN; 1,4-BENZODIAZEPINE; GRISEOFULVIN; METABOLITES; TOXICITY AB A new benzodiazepine, sclerotigenin (1), was isolated from organic extracts of the sclerotia of Penicillium sclerotigenum (NRRL 3461) along with two known griseofulvin analogues. The structure of 1 was determined primarily by analysis of H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, HMQC, and HMBC data. Compound 1 was the major component of the CH2Cl2 extract of P. sclerotigenum sclerotia and is responsible for most of the antiinsectan activity of the extract against the crop pest Helicoverpa tea. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioact Agents Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Gloer, JB (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 20 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD APR PY 1999 VL 62 IS 4 BP 650 EP 652 DI 10.1021/np980511n PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 190JL UT WOS:000079959300032 ER PT J AU Finley, JW AF Finley, JW TI The retention and distribution by healthy young men of stable isotopes of selenium consumed as selenite, selenate or hydroponically-grown broccoli are dependent on the isotopic form SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE selenium; stable isotope; absorption; broccoli; humans ID NEW-ZEALAND WOMEN; CANCER PREVENTION; INORGANIC SELENIUM; SELENOMETHIONINE; RAT; METABOLISM; SELENOPROTEINS; ABSORPTION; DEPOSITION; PROTEINS AB Twenty-seven healthy young men were randomly assigned to diets that supplied low (32.6 mu g/d) or high (226.5 mu g/d) levels of selenium for a 105-d study. After consuming the diets for 85 d, subjects were fed a test meal that contained Se-74 in the form of selenite or selenate and Se-82 incorporated into hydroponically-raised broccoli. Urine, fecal and blood samples were collected daily. Isotope absorption was not different (P > 0.05) for selenate and Se in broccoli; Se absorption from selenite was highly variable and was not included in statistical analyses. Significantly more isotope was absorbed by subjects fed the high Se diet (P = 0.015), Urinary isotope excretion was greater when selenate was fed than when broccoli was fed (P = 0.0001), and consequently more Se from broccoli las compared to selenate) was retained (59.2 +/- 2.4 and 36.4 +/- 4.6% for Se in broccoli and selenate, respectively; P = 0.0001), Despite the higher retention, less isotope from broccoli than from selenate was present in the plasma. Plasma proteins separated by gel permeation chromatography showed that most of the isotopes were distributed between two medium molecular weight peaks. Less isotope was found in plasma proteins of subjects fed the high Se diet, but the form of Se had no effect on isotope distribution. These results show that dietary Se intake alters the retention of stable isotopes of Se and that humans retain and distribute Se from broccoli in a different manner than Se from inorganic salts. C1 ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Finley, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, POB 9034,UND Stn, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM jfinley@GFHNRC.ARS.USDA.gov NR 27 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1999 VL 129 IS 4 BP 865 EP 871 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 182RZ UT WOS:000079513100013 PM 10203562 ER PT J AU Saari, JT Dahlen, GM AF Saari, JT Dahlen, GM TI Early and advanced glycation end-products are increased in dietary copper deficiency SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE copper; glycation; hemoglobin A(1); fructosamine; pentosidine ID ERYTHROCYTE-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; CROSS-LINK; RATS; CARBOHYDRATE; PENTOSIDINE; FRUCTOSE; IRON; GLYCOSYLATION; METABOLISM AB The hypothesis that nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins (glycation) contributes to damage associated with dietary copper deficiency has depended largely on indirect evidence. Thus far, the observation of an elevated percentage of glycated hemoglobin in copper-deficient mts has provided the only direct evidence of an increase in glycation, We sought further direct evidence of increased glycation in copper deficiency. Male weanling vats were fed a copper-adequate (CuA, 6.4 mg Cu/kg diet) or copper-deficient diet (CuD, 0.4 mg Cu/kg diet) for 5 weeks. Rats fed the CuD diet were copper deficient as judged by depressed organ copper concentrations and a variety of indirect indices. Measurements of hemoglobin A, and serum fructosamine (both early glycation end-products) as well as serum pentosidine (an advanced glycation end-product) indicated that all three compounds were elevated in CuD vats relative to CuA rats, This finding further supports the view that glycation is enhanced and thus may contribute to defects associated with dietary copper deficiency. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Saari, JT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 4 BP 210 EP 214 DI 10.1016/S0955-2863(98)00100-4 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 183TR UT WOS:000079570000005 PM 15539292 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Storandt, ST Kwok, OCH Thulliez, P Kazacos, KR AF Dubey, JP Storandt, ST Kwok, OCH Thulliez, P Kazacos, KR TI Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in naturally exposed wild coyotes, red foxes, and gray foxes and serologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in red foxes fed T-gondii oocysts and tissue cysts SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIRECT AGGLUTINATION-TEST; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; VULPES-VULPES; EXPERIMENTAL INFECTIONS; RESPONSES; SENSITIVITY; SPECIFICITY; PREVALENCE AB Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were determined in sera from 222 coyotes (Canis latrans), 283 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), and 97 gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargernteus) from Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, and Ohio during 1990-1993. Sera were examined in 1:25, 1:100, and 1:500 dilutions by the modified direct agglutination test (MAT) with formalinized whole tachyzoites plus mercaptoethanol. Antibodies were found in 131 (59.0%) of 222 coyotes, 243 (85.9%) of 283 red foxes, and 73 (75.3%) of 97 gray foxes. Antibodies were also measured by different serologic tests in 1 littermate T. gondii-free red foxes fed T. gondii tissue cysts or oocysts; the fifth littermate fox was nor fed T. gondii. Antibodies were measured in fox sera obtained 0, 14, and 36-55 days after infection with T. gondii. All 4 foxes fed T. gondii developed MAT and dye test antibody titers of 1:200 or more 14 days later. The latex agglutination test (LAT) and indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT) were less sensitive than MAT for the diagnosis of T. gondii infection in foxes. Antibodies were not detected by LAT triter 1:64) in the 2 foxes fed tissue cysts nor by IHAT in 1 of the foxes fed tissue cysts. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated by bioassay in mice from tissues of all 4 foxes fed T. gondii. The control fox had no T. gondii antibodies detectable by any of the serologic tests. C1 USDA ARS, BARC E, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC E, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 29 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 85 IS 2 BP 240 EP 243 DI 10.2307/3285626 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 184XB UT WOS:000079638100013 PM 10219302 ER PT J AU Fetterer, RH Hill, DE Rhoads, ML AF Fetterer, RH Hill, DE Rhoads, ML TI Characterization of a hemoglobin-like protein from adult Haemonchus contortus SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLOBIN-LIKE; EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN AB A hemoglobin-like protein was purified from supernatants of adult Haemonchus contortus extracts by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The purified protein had an M-r of 33 kDa as determined by size-exclusion chromatography under nondenaturing conditions and an M-r of 19 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting the hemoglobin may exist as a dimer. The sequences of 3 peptides resulting from proteolytic digest of the purified protein were determined and demonstrated greater than 50% identity to the globin from Trichostronglyus colubriformis. Adult H. contortus incubated overnight in [H-3]leucine, incorporated radioactivity into a peak that coeluted with parasite hemoglobin, indicating the adults synthesize hemoglobin in vitro. The L3-stage lacked hemoglobin, but the L4-stage contained a hemoglobin with an M-r of 19.6 kDa. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 85 IS 2 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.2307/3285637 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 184XB UT WOS:000079638100023 PM 10219312 ER PT J AU Hove, T Dubey, JP AF Hove, T Dubey, JP TI Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sera of domestic pigs and some wild game species from Zimbabwe SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPECIFICITY AB Serum samples of domestic pigs (Sus scrofa), elands (Tautrotragus oryx), Sable antelopes (Hippotragus niger), warthogs (Phacochoerus aethiopicus), bushpigs (Koiropotamus [Potamochoerus] koiropotamus). white rhinos (Ceratotherium simus). African buffalos (Syncerus caffer), wildebeest (Connochaetas taurinus), and African elephants (Loxodonta africana) from Zimbabwe were tested for Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT) with whole formalized tachyzoites and mercaptoethanol. Sera were diluted at 1:25, 1:50, and 1:500 for MAT testing. Sera with antibodies in a 1:25 dilution were considered to have T. gondii infection. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found in 9.3% of 97 domestic pigs, 36.8% of 19 elands, 11.9% of 67 sables, 0 of 3 warthogs, 0 of 3 bushpigs, 50% of 2 white rhinos, 5.6% of 18 buffalos. 14.5% of 69 wildebeest, and 10.5% of 19 elephants examined. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Dept Paraclin Vet Studies, Parasitol Sect, Harare, Zimbabwe. RP Hove, T (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 85 IS 2 BP 372 EP 373 DI 10.2307/3285650 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 184XB UT WOS:000079638100034 PM 10219323 ER PT J AU Shulman, RJ Phillips, SM Maciejewski, S AF Shulman, RJ Phillips, SM Maciejewski, S TI An update on a global shortage of intravenous multivitamins SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT News Item C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Shulman, RJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 4 BP 361 EP 361 DI 10.1097/00005176-199904000-00001 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 182WK UT WOS:000079521000001 PM 10204495 ER PT J AU Nielsen, DC Anderson, RL Bowman, RA Aiken, RM Vigil, MF Benjamin, JG AF Nielsen, DC Anderson, RL Bowman, RA Aiken, RM Vigil, MF Benjamin, JG TI Winter wheat and prose millet yield reduction due to sunflower in rotation SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER AVAILABILITY; CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; CROPS; MANAGEMENT AB Producers wishing to diversify crop production systems from the traditional winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow system of the central Great Plains need information regarding the impact of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on subsequent winter wheat end prose millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) yields. This study was conducted to quantify winter wheat and prose millet yield reductions due to the lower available soil water that exists when sunflower is the prior crop in rotation. Eight crop rotations-including combinations of winter wheat (W), prose millet (M), corn (Zea mays L.) (C), sunflower (Sun), and fallow (F)-were established in 1990 and evaluated for yield, available soil water at planting, and crop water use in 1995, 1996, and 1997. The experiment was conducted at Akron, CO, on a Weld silt loam (fine, smectitic, mesic Aridic Paleustoll). Available soil water at wheat and millet planting was lower where sunflower had been the previous crop than where sunflower was not the previous crop. In dry years, rotations with sunflower as the previous crop had lower wheat and millet water use than other rotations, but averaged over 3 yr, there was no effect of sunflower on wheat or millet water use. Average wheat yield in a W-Sun-F rotation was about 30% lower than wheat yield from W-C-Sun-F, W-M-Sun-F, W-C-F, and W-F. Average millet yield in a M-Sun rotation was 43% lower than millet yield from M-W-C. Wheat yield declined by 178.5 lb/acre (3 bu/acre) for each inch decline in available soil water at planting. Millet yield declined by 295.6 lb/acre for each inch decline in available soil water at planting. In making the decision to include sunflower in crop rotations, producers will have to consider impact on subsequent crop yields, as well as costs of production, market value of crop, impact on pest problems, and total productivity of all crops in the rotation. C1 ARS, USDA, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Nielsen, DC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 21 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0890-8524 J9 J PROD AGRIC JI J. Prod. Agric. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 193 EP 197 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 221JU UT WOS:000081724600003 ER PT J AU Wilson, JP Cunfer, BM Phillips, DV AF Wilson, JP Cunfer, BM Phillips, DV TI Double-cropping and crop rotation effects on diseases and grain yield of pearl millet SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATION; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS AB The effects of double-cropping and crop rotation sequences on grain yield and diseases of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br] were evaluated to determine the compatibility of pearl millet in southeastern agricultural cropping systems. Pearl millet hybrid 'HGM 100' (AgraTech Seeds, Inc., Atlanta, GA) was planted with minimum tillage, double-cropped with canola (Brassica napus L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.] was used as an alternative summer annual to pearl millet in rotation sequences. Treatment effects on seedling stand density, panicle number, grain yield, leaf blight (caused by Exserohilum rostratum), stalk and neck rot (associated with a number of fungi), and smut (caused by Moesziomyces penicillariae) severity were determined. Seedling stands 3 wk after planting were lower following canola than wheat in 1995 and 1997, and panicle number was lower in 1997. No other yield-associated variables were affected by the previous winter crop. In comparison of crop rotations, inconsistent effects were observed in stand density in 1997, and panicle number in 1996 and 1997. Seedling stand density and panicle number were lower with 2 yr of pearl millet compared with 1 yr, but were highest for the 3 sequential yr of cultivation in 1997. A trend toward increased smut severity In plots continuously planted to pearl millet was observed in 1997. Within subplots, stand density was highly correlated with panicle number in 1996 and 1997 (r greater than or equal to 0.51, P < 0.01), with leaf blight severity in 1995 and 1996 (r greater than or equal to 0.33, P < 0.01) and with stalk and neck rot in 1996 (r = 0.60, P < 0.01). Yield was negatively correlated (r less than or equal to -0.31, P < 0.01) with leaf blight severity in 1995 and 1996, and stalk and neck rot in 1996 (r = -0.46, P < 0.01). Stalk and neck rot in 1996 was probably caused by Fusarium graminearum, which was more commonly isolated from pearl millet following canola than wheat. Neither the previous winter annual crop nor the number of sequential years of pearl millet cultivation had detrimental, limiting effects on pearl millet grain yield or diseases. C1 Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, USDA ARS, Forage & Turf Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Wilson, JP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, USDA ARS, Forage & Turf Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0890-8524 J9 J PROD AGRIC JI J. Prod. Agric. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 198 EP 202 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 221JU UT WOS:000081724600004 ER PT J AU Mauget, SA Upchurch, DR AF Mauget, SA Upchurch, DR TI El Nino and La Nina related climate and agricultural impacts over the great plains and midwest SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH-AMERICAN PRECIPITATION; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; CORN YIELDS; UNITED-STATES; PREDICTION; ANOMALIES; MODEL; DROUGHT; ENSO AB Seasonal climate forecasting depends implicitly on climate mechanisms that behave predictably over season-to-season or longer time scales. One mechanism that shows evidence of such behavior is the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Using U.S. Climate Division data, USDA-NASS yield data, and the sea-surface temperature (SST) index of Wright (1989), the effects of both El Nino and La Nina Southern Oscillation phases on the central USA are evaluated, with a specific focus on comparing climate and agricultural yield effects during summer and winter. The climate analyses presented here reveal evidence of significant shifts in seasonal precipitation and temperature over parts of the central USA, dependent on the state of ENSO-associated SST anomalies. A significant tendency to cool and wet conditions over portions of the Missouri River drainage basin is found during El Nino July-August-September (JAS) periods. During JAS periods consistent with strong La Nina conditions a significant incidence of seasonal temperatures in the highest 25% of the historical record is found over Iowa, Illinois, and Indiana. El Nino conditions during northern winter are consistent with a higher-than-chance incidence of wet seasonal conditions over winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growing regions of Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Conversely, La Nina conditions show a significant tendency to below median precipitation and extreme dryness. A general tendency for winter wheat yields to be increased (decreased) is found in harvests after periods of warm (cold) winter SST, and a similar effect on corn (Zea mays L.) yield is found immediately after summer seasons marked by anomalously warm and cold SSTs in the equatorial Pacific. However, while significant tendencies for above or below normal yields are the rule in the winter wheat analyses, effects on corn yield-while clearly evident in some state's yield records-are less significant overall. This contrast in yield effect, combined with evidence of stronger northern winter climate impacts and the fact that the ENSO mechanism favors northern winters, lead us to propose that the value of ENSO forecasts of opportunity in long-term agricultural management may be greater for winter wheat than for corn. C1 ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conserv Res Unit, Plant Stress & Water Conserv Lab, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. RP Mauget, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conserv Res Unit, Plant Stress & Water Conserv Lab, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0890-8524 J9 J PROD AGRIC JI J. Prod. Agric. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 203 EP 215 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 221JU UT WOS:000081724600005 ER PT J AU Van Kessel, JS Thompson, RB Reeves, JB AF Van Kessel, JS Thompson, RB Reeves, JB TI Rapid on-farm analysis of manure nutrients using quick tests SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN; CATTLE AB Quick tests enabling rapid, on-farm assessment of manure nutrient content could appreciably enhance manure management. The objectives of this study were to review the literature on the accuracy of quick tests, describe their operation, and to assess their ease of use and their suitability for routine on-farm use, These quick tests are the hydrometer, electrical conductivity (EC), ammonia electrode, reflectometer, Agros N Meter (or Nova meter), and Quantofix-N-Volumeter. The ammonia electrode provided accurate direct measurement of slurry ammonium; however, its fragility and the difficulty of setting it up, suggested limited suitability for on-farm use. The hydrometer indirectly measures total N and total P based on relationships with dry matter (total solids) content and specific gravity, Results have been variable between regions and species. Electrical conductivity is used as an indirect measurement of ammonium and K; the limited results to date have been consistently good for ammonium N, and variable for K. The Agros N Meter and Quantofix-N-Volumeter both directly measure ammonium N and possibly some organic N, For both, agreement with lab analyses of ammonium N has been generally very good. The reflectometer measures the color intensity of test strips; limited results with ammonium N in slurries are promising. Several quick tests have the potential for accurately measuring manure nutrients on the farm, They generally were more effective with slurries than solid manures. For each quick test, single farm or regional calibrations with lab analysis are recommended, and in some cases necessary. C1 ARS, USDA, Nutrient Conserv & Metab Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Van Kessel, JS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nutrient Conserv & Metab Lab, Bldg 200,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jkessel@lpsi.barc.usda.gov RI Thompson, Rodney/G-8950-2013 OI Thompson, Rodney/0000-0002-9323-5911 NR 31 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0890-8524 J9 J PROD AGRIC JI J. Prod. Agric. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 215 EP 224 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 221JU UT WOS:000081724600006 ER PT J AU Rao, SC Phillips, WA AF Rao, SC Phillips, WA TI Forage production and nutritive value of three lespedeza cultivars intercropped into continuous no-till winter wheat SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID WATER AB Annual lespedezas [Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim) Makin] have the potential to produce high quality forage during late summer when warm season forages are low in production and quality. A field study was conducted from 1992 through 1994 to determine DM, N, and digestible dry matter (DDM) production of three annual lespedeza cultivars (Korean, Kobe, and Marion), These cultivars were intercropped into two different continuous winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production systems. Wheat was established in the fall under low tillage procedures in a 24-acre field, and grazed by steers from mid-November to mid-March at a stocking rate of 1 steer/acre. Before the wheat had reached the jointing stage, small plots were identified within the 24-acre wheat field. Inoculated lespedeza seeds were sown into the standing winter wheat in these plots, but grazing was continued on the plots and the field. At jointing, grazing was terminated on half of the plots (UNGRAZED), while the other half of the plots were grazed (GRAZED) until early May Samples of lespedeza were collected at 18 to 20 d intervals beginning in late-June and ending in late-September, in time for the next wheat crop to be planted. All treatments were fixed is space and repeated on the same plots each year Data were analyzed within year as a randomized complete block with cultivar as the main effect. In 1993 and 1994 Kobe produced DM, N, and DDM more (P < 0.05) under the UNGRAZED than the GRAZED management system. Management system had no effect on DM, N or DDM yield of Korean. When precipitation was above normal, Marion yielded more (P < 0.05) DM in the UNGRAZED plots than in the GRAZED plots, but Marion yield was inferior to that of Kobe and Korean under dry conditions. These results suggest that lespedeza can be intercropped in winter wheat to produce high quality forage during the summer. The availability of high quality forage, especially in late summer, can add sustainability to the livestock component of integrated Livestock and winter wheat production systems in the southern Great plains (SGP). C1 ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Rao, SC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0890-8524 J9 J PROD AGRIC JI J. Prod. Agric. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 235 EP 238 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 221JU UT WOS:000081724600010 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH AF Arthur, FH TI Evaluation of an encapsulated formulation of cyfluthrin to control Sitophilus oryzae (L.) on stored wheat SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cyfluthrin; encapsulation; wheat; Sitophilus oryzae; rice weevil; storage ID 3 MOISTURE CONTENTS; CHLORPYRIFOS-METHYL; BIOLOGICAL EFFICACY; TEMPERATURES; DEGRADATION AB Hard red winter wheat was treated with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 ppm encapsulated cyfluthrin, stored at 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees C for 8 months, and bioassayed at bi-monthly intervals with adult Sitophilus oryzae (L.), the rice weevil. Survival of parent S. oryzae and the number of F-1 adults was not related to temperature but was inversely dependent on concentration, and increased as residues aged. Survival at 8 months was 70.5 +/- 7.5, 60.9 +/- 7.9, 33.1 +/- 6.8, and 12.2 +/- 4.8%, on wheat treated with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 ppm cyfluthrin, respectively. An application rate of at least 2 ppm would be necessary to control S. oryzae for 10 months on stored hard red winter wheat. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 US Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 159 EP 166 DI 10.1016/S0022-474X(98)00041-1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 180HG UT WOS:000079379600005 ER PT J AU Dowdy, AK AF Dowdy, AK TI Mortality of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae) exposed to high temperature and diatomaceous earth combinations SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE diatomaceous earth; calcium carbonate; heat treatment; stored products; Tribolium castaneum; red flour beetle ID STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS AB Four diatomaceous earth formulations and one calcium carbonate formulation were evaluated in combination with high temperature as a control method for the adult stage of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). At 34 degrees C, exposure to the insecticidal dusts for 15 or 30min did not increase mortality relative to beetles not exposed to the dusts, However, at 50 degrees C, exposure increased mortality by 8-100%. Exposure to the Protect-It(R) formulation caused greater beetle mortality than exposure to any of the other materials. The calcium carbonate formulation exhibited no insecticidal activity. Withholding food from the beetles after exposure to heat plus diatomaceous earth increased mortality 2-4 times beyond the level for beetles that were not denied food. A combination treatment of heat with an effective diatomaceous earth formulation may be useful for managing this pest in cereal-grain processing facilities. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Dowdy, AK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM dowdy@usgmrl.ksu.edu NR 14 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0022-474X(98)00043-5 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 180HG UT WOS:000079379600007 ER PT J AU Perez-Mendoza, J Hagstrum, DW Dover, BA Hopkins, TL Baker, JE AF Perez-Mendoza, J Hagstrum, DW Dover, BA Hopkins, TL Baker, JE TI Flight response, body weight, and lipid content of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera : Bostrichidae) as influenced by strain, season and phenotype SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rhyzopertha dominica; flight initiation; strain; body weight; lipid content ID GRAIN BORER COLEOPTERA; STORED WHEAT; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE; TEMPERATURE; INITIATION; BEHAVIOR; INSECTS; TRAPS AB Effects of geographical origin of strain, season of field collection, genetic background, and number of generations of laboratory rearing on flight initiation, body weight, and lipid content of lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica, were studied. Significant differences in flight initiation, body weight, and total lipid content occurred among the four field strains collected from Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and Mexico. Flight activity tended to be higher for strains with higher average body weight. Oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acids accounted for about 95% of all fatty acids present in the strains tested. However, the percentage of lipids per fresh body weight was not significantly different among these four field strains. Beetles collected in summer tended to fly more and have a higher percentage of lipid content than beetles collected in spring and autumn. Results from crosses between strains with high and low flight responses suggested that the female contributes a higher proportion of additive genetic variance for flight initiation than the male. Rearing for 17 generations in laboratory conditions had no discernible effect on flight initiation of a strain of R. dominica collected from the field. Thus, flight behavior can persist for many generations of laboratory rearing. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Hagstrum, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 183 EP 196 DI 10.1016/S0022-474X(98)00044-7 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 180HG UT WOS:000079379600008 ER PT J AU Abidi, SL List, GR Rennick, KA AF Abidi, SL List, GR Rennick, KA TI Effect of genetic modification on the distribution of minor constituents in canola oil SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 89th American-Oil-Chemists-Society Annual Meeting and Expo CY MAY 10-13, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Oil Chemists Soc DE canola oil; genetic modification; high-performance liquid chromatography; phospholipid class; phospholipid molecular species; phytosterol; tocopherol ID LIGHT-SCATTERING DETECTION; FATTY-ACID COMPOSITIONS; SOYBEAN OIL; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; TOCOPHEROLS; STORAGE; HPLC AB Oil derived from different lines of genetically modified canola varieties was analyzed for phospholipids, tocopherols, and phytosterols by various chromatographic techniques. As observed previously in genetically modified soybean oils, there was a decrease in the content and composition of phosphatidic acid in three of the modified canola oils derived from the 12 varieties investigated. Normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analyses showed small variations in the phospholipid content of major classes, despite few differences in their composition. Reversed-phase HPLC data indicated that the molecular species distribution of phosphatidylethanolamine was significantly altered by genetic modification when compared to phosphatidylcholine. impact of oilseed modification on the tocopherol content was variable, with greater variation in the concentration of alpha- and gamma-tocopherols than delta-tocopherol. Phytosterol composition was markedly affected by genetic modification. Brassicasterol, campesterol, and beta-sitosterol levels were consistently lowered in one genotype, whereas increased brassicasterol content was observed in the other variety. In general, genetic modification of canola seeds led to changes in the distribution of phospholipids, tocopherols, and phytosterols. C1 ARS, Food Qual & Safety Res, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Abidi, SL (reprint author), 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61614 USA. NR 21 TC 35 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 76 IS 4 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1007/s11746-999-0025-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 190JH UT WOS:000079959000008 ER PT J AU Wu, WH Foglia, TA Marmer, WN Phillips, JG AF Wu, WH Foglia, TA Marmer, WN Phillips, JG TI Optimizing production of ethyl esters of grease using 95% ethanol by response surface methodology SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE biodiesel; lipase-catalyzed transesterification; monoalkyl esters; process optimization; two-lipase esterification ID PALM OIL DIESEL; PERFORMANCE; LIPASE; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; OPTIMIZATION; BIODIESEL; SOLVENTS; ENGINES; BLENDS; FUELS AB Previous research suggested that ethyl esters derived from recycled restaurant grease might be a potential source of biodiesel. Accordingly, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize reaction parameters-temperature, time, level of lipase, mole ratio of reactants-in the PS-30 lipase-catalyzed transesterification reaction of grease to ethyl esters using 95% ethanol. The regression equation obtained by a modified central composite design of RSM predicted optimal reaction conditions of 38.4 degrees C, 2.47 h, 13.7 wt% lipase (PS-30), and a mole ratio of grease to ethanol of 1:6.6. Under these conditions the predicted optimal percentage ethyl ester yield was 85.4%. Subsequent experiments using the predicted parameter combinations indicated a trend where experimental percentage yields of ethyl ester were consistently lower than predicted values. In an effort to improve the experimental yield of esters, a second portion of PS-30 lipase was added without success; however, the addition of 5% SP435 one hour after the start of the initial reaction increased the yield of esters to >96%. Neither lipase PS-30 nor lipase SP435 alone, however, gave the RSM-predicted yield of ethyl esters. C1 ARS, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Foglia, TA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ERRC, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 18 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 76 IS 4 BP 517 EP 521 DI 10.1007/s11746-999-0034-2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 190JH UT WOS:000079959000017 ER PT J AU Li, SF Maxwell, RJ Lightfield, AR AF Li, SF Maxwell, RJ Lightfield, AR TI In-line and off-line trapping of lipids extracted from chicken liver by supercritical carbon dioxide SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE alumina; chicken liver; cholesterol adsorption; fatty acids; lipids; sterol esters; supercritical carbon dioxide; triacylglycerols ID FLUID EXTRACTION; ADSORPTION; SCALE; FAT AB This supercritical fluid extraction study determined the retentive properties of neutral alumina sorbent as an in-line trap for lipids in the dynamic state over a pressure range of 490-680 bar and temperatures of 40 and 80 degrees C. Lipids were extracted from a chicken liver matrix using supercritical carbon dioxide over a 40-min period at a flow rate of 3 L/min (expanded gas), then were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography using an evaporative light-scattering detector. Approximately 30 and 18%, respectively, of the total extracted lipids were trapped on the in-line alumina sorbent bed at 40 degrees C as the operating pressure increased from 490 to 680 bar, while the remaining lipids were trapped off-line after CO2 decompression. The major lipid classes trapped in-line were fatty acids and cholesterol, whereas only minor amounts of the less polar lipid classes such as sterol esters and triacylglycerols were retained. At 80 degrees C and 680 bar, less than 1.5% of the extracted total lipids was. trapped in-line, indicating the lack of adsorptive selectivity for lipids by alumina under these conditions. C1 ARS, ERRC, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Maxwell, RJ (reprint author), ARS, ERRC, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 76 IS 4 BP 523 EP 528 DI 10.1007/s11746-999-0035-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 190JH UT WOS:000079959000018 ER PT J AU Payne, MA McBride, MD Utterback, WW Breitmeyer, RE Alberg, L Martin, D Cullor, J AF Payne, MA McBride, MD Utterback, WW Breitmeyer, RE Alberg, L Martin, D Cullor, J TI Specificity of assays used by regulatory agencies to detect antibiotic residues in tissues of culled dairy cows SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SCREENING-TESTS AB Objective-To determine percentage of false-positive test results for assays used by regulatory agencies to detect antibiotic residues in tissues. Design-Prospective study. Animals-426 dairy cows. Procedure-Dairy cows scheduled for culling that were identified as being unlikely to have antibiotic residues in tissues on the basis of strict inclusion criteria were used. A sample of kidney obtained from each cow at slaughter was tested on-site, using the swab test on premises (STOP; 97 samples) or the fast antibiotic screening test (FAST; 329 samples). Frozen samples (n = 1,278) of liver, muscle, and kidney were thawed and retested at a federal laboratory using the same screening assays. Kidney and liver samples (n = 852) were also tested using the 7-plate bioassay confirmation test used for confirmation and identification of antibiotic residues. Results-Results of screening assays performed onsite were negative. When frozen samples were retested, 20 (12 liver, 7 kidney, and 1 muscle) had positive FAST results, but none had positive STOP results. Of the samples tested with the 7-plate bioassay confirmation test, 4 liver samples had results indicating a tetracycline (n = 3) or an unidentified microbial inhibitor (1) as a residue. Clinical Implications-Result suggest it is unlikely that regulatory action will be taken against producers sending untreated cattle to market. However, because results of the FAST and 7-plate bioassay confirmation test were positive when applied to frozen tissue, use of assays based on microbial inhibition may not be valid for confirmation of residues. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Food Anim Residue Avoidance Databank, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Sacramento, CA 95827 USA. Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. Food Safety Inspect Serv, Alameda, CA 94501 USA. RP Payne, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Food Anim Residue Avoidance Databank, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 214 IS 7 BP 1048 EP 1050 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 182LW UT WOS:000079501300030 PM 10200802 ER PT J AU Boyer, DG Pasquarell, GC AF Boyer, DG Pasquarell, GC TI Agricultural land use impacts on bacterial water quality in a karst groundwater aquifer SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE nonpoint source pollution; agricultural hydrology; karst hydrology; fecal coliform; fecal streptococcus ID NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; OUTBREAKS; SURVIVAL AB The impact on water quality by agricultural activity in karst terrain is an important consideration for resource management within the Appalachian Region. Karst areas comprise about 18 percent of the Region's land area. An estimated one-third of the Region's farms, cattle, and agricultural market value are on karst terrain. The purpose of this study was to compare fecal bacteria densities in karst groundwater impacted by two primary agricultural land uses in central Appalachia. Fecal bacteria densities were measured in cave streams draining two primary land management areas. The first area was pasture serving a beef cow-calf operation. The second area was a dairy. Neither area had best management practices in place for controlling animal wastes. Median fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus densities were highest in cave streams draining the dairy. Median fecal coliform densities in the daily-impacted stream were greater than 4,000 CFU/100 ml and the median fecal coliform densities in the pasture-impacted streams were less than TO CFU/100 ml. Median fecal streptococcus densities in the same streams were greater than 2,000 CFU/100 ml and 32 CFU/100 ml, respectively. A second dairy, with best management practices for control of animal and milkhouse waste, did not appear to be contributing significant amounts of fecal bacteria to the karst aquifer. It was concluded that agriculture was affecting bacterial densities in the karat aquifer. New management practices specifically designed to protect karst groundwater resources may be one way to protect the groundwater resource. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. Froehling & Robertson Inc, Roanoke, VA 24012 USA. USDA ARS, Appalachian Soil & Water Conservat Res Lab, Beaver, WV USA. RP Boyer, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 17 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI HERNDON PA 950 HERNDON PARKWAY SUITE 300, HERNDON, VA 20170-5531 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 291 EP 300 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1999.tb03590.x PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 206VL UT WOS:000080900700008 ER PT J AU Arnold, JG Allen, PM AF Arnold, JG Allen, PM TI Automated methods for estimating baseflow and ground water recharge from streamflow records SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE shallow aquifer; base flow filter; hydrograph recession analysis; water balance; ground water recharge ID FLOW; BALANCE; AFRICA; RUNOFF; MODEL; BASIN AB To quantify and model the natural ground water recharge process, six sites located in the midwest and eastern United States where previous water balance observations had been made were compared to computerized techniques to estimate: (1) base flow and (2) ground water recharge. Results from an existing automated digital filter technique for separating baseflow from daily streamflow records were compared to baseflow estimates made in the six water balance studies. Previous validation of automated baseflow separation techniques consisted only of comparisons with manual techniques. In this study, the automated digital filter technique was found to compare well with measured field estimates yielding a monthly coefficient of determination of 0.86. The recharge algorithm developed in this study is an automated derivation of the Rorabaugh hydrograph recession curve displacement method that utilizes daily streamflow. Comparison of annual recharge from field water balance measurements to those computed with the automated recession curve displacement method had coefficients of determination of 0.76 and predictive efficiencies of 71 percent. Monthly estimates showed more variation and are not advocated for use with this method. These techniques appear to be fast, reproducible methods for estimating baseflow and annual recharge and should be useful in regional modeling efforts and as a quick check on mass balance techniques for shallow water table aquifers. C1 USDA ARS, Temple, TX 76502 USA. Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Arnold, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. NR 46 TC 350 Z9 384 U1 11 U2 102 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI HERNDON PA 950 HERNDON PARKWAY SUITE 300, HERNDON, VA 20170-5531 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 411 EP 424 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1999.tb03599.x PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 206VL UT WOS:000080900700017 ER PT J AU Dietterick, BC Lynch, JA Corbett, ES AF Dietterick, BC Lynch, JA Corbett, ES TI A calibration procedure using TOPMODEL to determine suitability for evaluating potential climate change effects on water yield SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE model calibration; climate change; forested watersheds; hydrologic modeling; TOPMODEL; water yield ID DISTRIBUTED MODELS; SCALE; CATCHMENTS; TOPOGRAPHY; HYDROLOGY; UNCERTAINTY; SENSITIVITY; RESOLUTION AB An evaluation was conducted on three forested upland watersheds in the northeastern U.S. to test the suitability of TOPMODEL for predicting water yield over a wide range of climatic scenarios. The analysis provides insight of the usefulness of TOPMODEL as a predictive tool for future assessments of potential long-term changes in water yield as a result of changes in global climate. The evaluation was conducted by developing a calibration procedure to simulate a range of climatic extremes using historical temperature, precipitation, and streamflow records for years having wet, average, and dry precipitation amounts from the Leading Ridge (Pennsylvania), Fernow (West Virginia), and Hubbard Brook (New Hampshire) Experimental Watersheds. This strategy was chosen to determine whether the model could be successfully calibrated over a broad range of soil moisture conditions with the assumption that this would be representative of the sensitivity necessary to predict changes in streamflow under a variety of climate change scenarios. The model calibration was limited to a daily time step, yet performed reasonably well for each watershed. Model efficiency, a least squares measure of how well a model performs, averaged between 0.64 and 0.78. A simple test of the model whereby daily temperatures were increased by 1.7 degrees C, resulted in annual water yield decreases of 4 to 15 percent on the three watersheds. Although these results makes the assumption that the model components adequately describe the system, this version of TOPMODEL is capable to predict water yield impacts given subtle changes in the temperature regime. This suggests that adequate representations of the effects of climate change on water yield for regional assessment purposes can be expected using the TOPMODEL concept. C1 Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Nat Resources Management Dept, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USDA Forest Serv, NE Forest Expt Stn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Dietterick, BC (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Nat Resources Management Dept, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI HERNDON PA 950 HERNDON PARKWAY SUITE 300, HERNDON, VA 20170-5531 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 457 EP 468 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.1999.tb03603.x PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 206VL UT WOS:000080900700021 ER PT J AU Abel, CA Wilson, RL AF Abel, CA Wilson, RL TI Evaluation of 11 maize populations from Peru for mechanisms of resistance to leaf feeding by European corn borer SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LEPIDOPTERA AB Eleven accessions of maize from Peru were previously identified as resistant to leaf feeding by European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). A study was conducted to determine the mechanism of resistance. The weight of larvae fed Peruvian maize leaf material was not significantly different from larvae fed a resistant check, CI31A, indicating antibiosis in the Peruvian maize was at a level equivalent to CI31A. The inbred, CI31A, contained high levels of DIMBOA, thus having strong nonpreference and antibiosis properties toward leaf feeding by European corn borer. The rate of larvae leaving artificially infested Peruvian maize plants over a 5-day period was significantly less than CI31A but significantly more than a susceptible check, WF9, indicating nonpreference was a possible mechanism of resistance in the Peruvian maize but at a level lower than CI31A. When Peruvian maize leaf whorl material was added to a standard European corn borer rearing diet, the effects of the resistance factor were lost. The standard diet ingredients may have masked the effect of the resistance factor Another possibility may be that the resistance factor was a deficiency of a vital nutrient needed for normal European corn borer development. This nutrient may have been supplied to the insect when the standard diet ingredients were added to the Peruvian maize leaf material. Further study in this area is needed to identify the basis of resistance. C1 USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Iowa State Univ, N Cent Reg Plant Introduct Stn, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Abel, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, POB 346, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 72 IS 2 BP 149 EP 159 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 296UD UT WOS:000086044000002 ER PT J AU Foster, RN Quinn, MA Reuter, KC Colletto, D Houston, R Puclik, MJ Scott, A Radsick, B AF Foster, RN Quinn, MA Reuter, KC Colletto, D Houston, R Puclik, MJ Scott, A Radsick, B TI Comparison of single and multiple applications of an insecticidal bait for controlling grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Acrididae) on mixed-grass prairie SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RANGELAND GRASSHOPPERS; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; FIELD-EVALUATION; BRAN BAITS; POPULATIONS; CARBARYL; MICROSPORIDIA; SASKATCHEWAN; PERTURBATION; NOSEMATIDAE AB A field study was conducted to determine if high dosages and multiple applications of insecticidal baits could be used to increase mortality of rangeland grasshoppers. Twenty-four rangeland plots in western North Dakota were treated with either single applications of 2% (AI) carbaryl bran bait at 1.68, 3.36, or 5.04 kg/ha; double applications of carbaryl bran bait at 1.68 kg/ha for each application; triple applications of the bait at 1.68 kg/ha; or left untreated. Densities of all grasshopper species were estimated before treatments and 2, 4, and 7 days after treatments. The insecticidal bait treatments caused significant reductions (57-100%) in densities of Aulocara elliotti Thomas, Melanoplus sanguinipes (E), Camnula pellucida Scudder, and Ageneotettix deorum (Scudder), but had no significant effect on Aeropedellus clavatus (Thomas) or Melanoplus bivittatus (Say). A single application of the insecticidal bait at 5.04 kg/ha caused significantly greater mortality of A. elliotti (82%) than single applications of the other dosages. Dosage had no consistent effect on densities of M. sanguinipes, C. pellucida, A. deorum, or all species combined, after 2 days. Multiple applications of the insecticidal baits caused additional 32-52% reductions in densities of total grasshoppers after each successive application, indicating that the quantity of bait can affect grasshopper mortality. However, final mortality of total grasshoppers after 7 days was not affected by high dosages or multiple applications of the insecticidal baits, indicating that multiple and high dosages of insecticidal baits had no real advantage over single applications at 1.68 kg/ha. C1 US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect Quarantine, Phoenix Plant Methods Ctr, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Foster, RN (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect Quarantine, Phoenix Plant Methods Ctr, 4125 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 72 IS 2 BP 181 EP 189 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 296UD UT WOS:000086044000006 ER PT J AU Hibbard, BE Barry, BD Darrah, LL Jackson, JJ Chandler, LD French, LK Mihm, JA AF Hibbard, BE Barry, BD Darrah, LL Jackson, JJ Chandler, LD French, LK Mihm, JA TI Controlled field infestations with western corn rootworm (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) eggs in Missouri: Effects of egg strains, infestation dates, and infestation levels on corn root damage SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA COLEOPTERA; ARTIFICIAL INFESTATIONS AB Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, feeding damage to corn roots resulting from different combinations of rootworm strains, infestation times, and infestation levels was evaluated in two factorial experiments. Each experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with four replications and was repeated over three Missouri environments (one environment included bath experiments). The combination of the two factorial experiments evaluated three sources of the western corn rootworm eggs (a nondiapausing lab strain, a diapausing lab strain, and a field strain), three infestation times (planting, 2-leaf stage, and 5-leaf stage), and two infestation levels (600 and 1200 eggs/30.5 cm) in a total of five environments which spanned three different years. The damage caused by the diapausing strain was not significantly different from damage caused by the field strain in any of the environments or the combined analysis. The nondiapausing strain caused significantly more damage than the diapausing strain or the field strain in the 1995 environment, but caused significantly less damage than the field strain in the 1996 Hinkson Valley environment. The infestation of 1200 viable eggs/30.5 cm caused significantly more damage than the infestation of 600 viable eggs/30.5 cm in one experiment, but not in the other. The planting-time infestation caused significantly more damage than infestation at the 2-leaf stage, and infestation at the 2-leaf stage caused significantly more damage than infestation at the 5-leaf stage. C1 Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Hibbard, BE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 109 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 72 IS 2 BP 214 EP 221 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 296UD UT WOS:000086044000009 ER PT J AU Koehn, AC Doudrick, RL AF Koehn, AC Doudrick, RL TI Diurnal patterns of chlorophyll fluorescence and CO2 fixation in orchard grown Torreya taxifolia (Arn.) SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE CO2 fixation; photochemical quenching; nonphotochemical quenching; yield of photosystem II; Torreya taxifolia ID PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHOTOINHIBITION; PLANTS; COMPONENTS; STRESS; YIELD AB Chlorophyll fluorescence and CO2 fixation measurements were taken on sunny days in October, 1996, on three Torreya taxifolia (Am.) plants grown in an open canopy orchard. Information from chlorophyll fluorescence quenching analysis indicated during periods of highest light intensity and temperatures there were reductions in yield of photosystem II photochemistry and photochemical quenching and increases in nonphotochemical quenching. Photochemical quenching and yield of photosystem II recovered by the end of the measurement period in late afternoon to levels measured at the beginning of the day. Nonphotochemical quenching remained at high levels for a longer period of time and by late afternoon had not returned to levels measured at the beginning of the day. Diurnal patterns of CO2 fixation and stomatal conductance showed decreases in the afternoon as ambient temperatures remained high and light intensity began to decrease. Internal CO2 partial pressures remained constant throughout most of the day, possibly indicating the presence of nonstomatal limitations to photosynthesis. The measurements of CO2 fixation and chlorophyll fluorescence on the three T. taxifolia plants in this study indicate that the plants recovered from daily periods of high light and temperatures suggesting that they may tolerate higher light conditions than found in their native habitat. C1 Alabama A&M Univ, Normal, AL 35762 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, So Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. RP Doudrick, RL (reprint author), So Res Stn, POB 2680, Asheville, NC 28802 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0040-9618 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 126 IS 2 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.2307/2997284 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196EJ UT WOS:000080295800001 ER PT J AU Chambers, TJ Nestorowicz, A Mason, PW Rice, CM AF Chambers, TJ Nestorowicz, A Mason, PW Rice, CM TI Yellow fever Japanese encephalitis chimeric viruses: Construction and biological properties SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATTENUATED VACCINE; POLYCLONAL ANTISERA; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; FEVER VIRUS; NEUTRALIZATION; DENGUE; REGION; CELLS; WILD AB A system has been developed for generating chimeric yellow fever/Japanese encephalitis (YF/JE) viruses from cDNA templates encoding the structural proteins prM and E of JE virus within the backbone of a molecular clone of the YF17D strain. Chimeric viruses incorporating the proteins of two JE strains, SA(14)-14-2 (human vaccine strain) and JE Nakayama (JE-N [virulent mouse brain-passaged strain]), were studied in cell culture and laboratory mice. The JE envelope protein (E) retained antigenic and biological properties when expressed with its prM protein together with the YF capsid; however, viable chimeric viruses incorporating the entire JE structural region (C-prM-E) could not be obtained. YF/JE(prM-E) chimeric viruses grew efficiently in cells of vertebrate or mosquito origin compared to the parental viruses. The YF/JE SA(14)-14-2 virus was unable to kill young adult mice by intracerebral challenge, even at doses of 10(6) PFU, In contrast, the YF/JE-N virus was neurovirulent, but the phenotype resembled parental YF virus rather than JE-N, Ten predicted amino acid differences distinguish the JE E proteins of the two chimeric viruses, therefore implicating one or more residues as virus-specific determinants of mouse neuroviruleuce in this chimeric system. This study indicates the feasibility of expressing protective antigens of JE virus in the context of a live, attenuated flavivirus vaccine strain (YF17D) and also establishes a genetic system for investigating the molecular basis for neurovirulence determinants encoded within the JE E protein. C1 St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. Lilly Res Labs, Div Endocrine, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. ARS, USDA, PIADC, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Chambers, TJ (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, 1402 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. NR 26 TC 160 Z9 170 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 73 IS 4 BP 3095 EP 3101 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 175XY UT WOS:000079122400060 PM 10074160 ER PT J AU Belant, JL Seamans, TW AF Belant, JL Seamans, TW TI Alpha-chloralose immobilization of rock doves in Ohio SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE alpha-chloralose; capture efficacy; Columba livia; formulation; immobilization; rock dove AB To improve capture efficacy of rock doves (Columba livia) in nuisance situations, we reevaluated the effectiveness of three dosages (60, 120 and 180 mg/kg) of alpha-chloralose (AC). Responses to immobilization using 180 mg/kg AC also were compared in rock doves deprived of food for 16 hr and not food deprived. Mean (+/-SE) time to first effects (33 +/- 2 min) and mean time to capture (94 +/- 5 min) were significantly less for rock doves receiving 180 mg/kg than for rock doves receiving lower dosages (greater than or equal to 53 +/- 3 min and greater than or equal to 153 +/- 17 min, respectively). Ten, 10, and eight rock doves immobilized with 60, 120, and 180 mg/kg AC recovered within 24 hr, respectively; all rock doves recovered within 29 hr. Although food-deprived rock doves showed effects of AC immobilization earlier than did rock doves with food, time to capture was similar between these two groups. For capturing rock doves, we recommend treating corn with 3 mg AC/kernel and using 180 mg/kg as the effective dose. This modified formulation and dosage should improve capture success of rock doves substantially and improve the ability to resolve nuisance rock dove problems. C1 USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Belant, JL (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Denali Natl Pk & Preserve, POB 9, Denali Pk, AK 99775 USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 239 EP 242 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 191EJ UT WOS:000080009000008 PM 10231749 ER PT J AU Mitchell, MA Hungerford, LL Nixon, C Esker, T Sullivan, J Koerkenmeier, R Dubey, JP AF Mitchell, MA Hungerford, LL Nixon, C Esker, T Sullivan, J Koerkenmeier, R Dubey, JP TI Serologic survey for selected infectious disease agents in raccoons from Illinois SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE canine distemper virus; Leptospira interrogans; Procyon later; pseudorabies virus; raccoon; serological survey; Toxoplasma gondii ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII INFECTION; CANINE-DISTEMPER; PSEUDORABIES; VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; FLORIDA; SWINE AB The determination of serologic titers to infectious organisms is a valuable tool for quantitating exposure to disease organisms. Raccoons (Procyon lotor) were live-trapped from September 1989 to October 1993 and samples collected from two distinct locations in west-central Illinois (USA); a state recreational facility (Park) and privately owned farming property (Farm). Sera were submitted for testing Leptospira interrogans (serovars bratislava, canicola, grippoty-phosa, hardjo, icterohemmorhagiae, and pomona), canine distemper virus (CDV), pseudorabies virus (PV), and Toxoplasma gondii. Two-hundred and twenty-two (48%) of 459 raccoons were seropositive for L, interrogans. Eighty-five (23%) out of 368 raccoons were seropositive for canine distemper virus. Eighty-two (17%) of 479 raccoons raccoons were seropositive for pseudorabies virus. One hundred and eighty-four (49%) of 379 raccoons were seropositive for T. gondii. A. significant difference (P < 0.05) in seroprevalence for L. interrogans between the park (43%) and farm (52%) areas was found. A correlation between increasing age and seroprevalence was found for L. interrogans, CDV, PV, and T. gondii,. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in seroprevalence for T. gondii during the spring trapping seasons (73%), when compared with the fall (33%). This type of information an exposure to infectious agents is important for developing control programs to manage raccoon-human and raccoon-domestic animals interactions. C1 Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Ctr Wildlife Ecol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USDA ARS, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Paradite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mitchell, MA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 31 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 347 EP 355 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 191EJ UT WOS:000080009000020 PM 10231761 ER PT J AU Sacks, BN Jaeger, MM Neale, JCC McCullough, DR AF Sacks, BN Jaeger, MM Neale, JCC McCullough, DR TI Territoriality and breeding status of coyotes relative to sheep predation SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE breeding status; California; Canis latrans; coyote; predation; sheep; space use; territoriality ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; CANIS-LATRANS; HOME-RANGE; MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS; SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO; EXTRINSIC FACTORS; CALIFORNIA; MOVEMENTS; ORGANIZATION; ABUNDANCE AB Coyote (Canis latrans) depredation is a chronic problem for sheep producers in the western United States. Due to increasingly localized control efforts, behavior of individual coyotes in sheep-ranching environments is becoming a more important consideration. We radiotracked 14 coyotes on a year-round sheep-ranching facility in north-coastal California during September 1993-December 1995. Breeding coyote pairs used mutually exclusive territories (maximum overlap between 90% adaptive kernel home ranges = 4%). Nonbreeding coyotes were transient or varied in their degree of fidelity to putative natal territories but generally avoided cores of nonnatal territories. Breeding coyotes whose territories contained sheep were the principal predators of sheep. In the 1994 lambing period (1 Jan-31 May), radiotelemetry indicated that 1 breeding male was responsible for 71% of 65 kills. In the 1995 lambing period, 4 breeding pairs were strongly implicated in 92% of 48 kills and were suspected of 85% of 26 additional kills; nonbreeders were not associated with sheep depredation. Depredation was reduced only when territorial breeders known to kill sheep were removed. These results suggest the need for management to target breeding adults in the immediate vicinity of depredation. Efforts to remove individuals >1 territory-width away from problem sites are unlikely to reduce depredation and may exacerbate the problem by creating vacancies for new breeders that might kill sheep. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sacks, BN (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Grad Grp Ecol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 44 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 2 BP 593 EP 605 DI 10.2307/3802648 PG 13 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 208KA UT WOS:000080988900021 ER PT J AU Wagner, KK Conover, MR AF Wagner, KK Conover, MR TI Effect of preventive coyote hunting on sheep losses to coyote predation SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE serial hunting; Canis latrans; coyote; livestock; predation; predators; sheep; wildlife damage management AB Aerial hunting is commonly used by agriculture agencies in the Intermountain West to reduce coyote (Canis latrans) predation on domestic sheep, We assessed the effect of aerial hunting of coyotes on sheep losses to coyotes, and the need for corrective predation management (hours of work, device nights) on the same pastures when sheep arrived for the subsequent summer grazing season (3-6 months after aerial hunting). Comparisons were made between paired pastures with (treated) and without (untreated) winter aerial hunting from helicopters. Average ((x) over bar +/- SE) pasture size was 45.2 +/- 14.1 km(2) (n = 21) for treated pastures and 30.9 +/- 4.6 km(2) (n = 21) for untreated pastures. There was an average of 1,098 +/- 88 ewes and 1,226 +/- 149 lambs in treated pastures, and 1,002 +/- 149 ewes and 1,236 +/- 79 lambs in untreated pastures. The number of dead lambs located and confirmed killed by coyotes (confirmed kills) was less in treated pastures (2.7 +/- 0.6) than in untreated pastures (7.3 +/- 1.6; P = 0.01). To estimate total lamb losses to coyotes, we multiplied the proportion of known lamb deaths that were confirmed coyote kills by the number of missing lambs and added the resulting figure to the number of confirmed kills. These estimates of lamb loss to coyotes were also lower in treated (11.8 +/- 6.2) than untreated pastures (35.2 +/- 8.1: P = 0.02). Hours required for summer coyote control also were less (P = 0.01) in treated pastures (37.3 +/- 8.5) than in untreated pastures (57.2 +/- 11.3). Winter aerial hunting increased the mean number of coyotes killed annually per pasture fi om 2.0 +/- 1.0 to 5.7 +/- 1.1 (P = 0.04), but it did not affect the number of coyotes removed during summer coyote control (P = 0.52). Based on 1995 values for Utah lambs and labor, winter aerial hunting of coyotes had a benefit:cost ratio of 2.1:1. C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Jack H Berryman Inst Wildlife Damage Management, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wagner, KK (reprint author), APHIS, USDA, WS, NWRC,Olympia Field Stn, 9730 O-B Lathrop Ind Dr SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 2 BP 606 EP 612 DI 10.2307/3802649 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 208KA UT WOS:000080988900022 ER PT J AU Vala, JC Knutson, LV Gasc, C AF Vala, JC Knutson, LV Gasc, C TI Stereoscan studies with descriptions of new characters of the egg and larval instars of Salticella fasciata (Meigen) (Diptera : Sciomyzidae) SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insects; sensillae; maxillary organ; antennal organ; float-hairs; behaviour; Salticella fasciata ID KILLING FLY DIPTERA; IMMATURE STAGES AB New data on the morphology of Salticella fasciata immature stages are given from stereo scanning microscope observations. Distinctive features are presented for the egg chorion and the main sensorial structures of the cephalic, thoracic and abdominal segments of the larvae. In contrast to previous studies, the presence of float hairs on the posterior disc is clearly observed in the three larval instars. The ecological and phyletic significance of some characters are discussed. C1 Fac Sci, F-84000 Avignon, France. USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20560 USA. RP Vala, JC (reprint author), 4 Rue Erables,Vert Pre, F-34830 Clapiers, France. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0952-8369 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD APR PY 1999 VL 247 BP 531 EP 536 PN 4 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 195TV UT WOS:000080269000010 ER PT J AU Caperna, TJ Vossoughi, J AF Caperna, TJ Vossoughi, J TI Influences of somatotropin on biomechanical properties of porcine skin SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GROWTH-HORMONE; DOSE-RESPONSE; GRANULATION-TISSUE; BODY-COMPOSITION; FACTOR-I; COLLAGEN; RATS; STRENGTH; METABOLISM; DEFICIENCY C1 ARS, USDA, LPSI, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Dist Columbia, Engn Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Caperna, TJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, LPSI, Growth Biol Lab, Bldg 200,Room 201,BARC E 10300 Baltimore Blvd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 2 BP 212 EP 215 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 192MC UT WOS:000080082000015 PM 10331553 ER PT J AU Carroll, JA Daniel, JA Keisler, DH Matteri, RL AF Carroll, JA Daniel, JA Keisler, DH Matteri, RL TI Non-surgical catheterization of the jugular vein in young pigs SO LABORATORY ANIMALS LA English DT Article DE young pigs; jugular catheterization; non-surgical; stress AB Current methods utilized for serial blood collection in the young pig are limited due to the stress and/or discomfort to which the pig is exposed. Thus, we have developed a nan-surgical, minimally invasive cannulation technique which allows jugular vein catheter placement in the young pig without causing extended discomfort or stress. The procedure described is rapid (approximately 8 min/pig) and relatively simple, requiring only minimal anaesthesia for immobilization of the pig during the procedure. Routinely, 2-week-old piglets are standing in their pens within 15-20 min from initiation of the procedure. Piglets recover rapidly from the procedure and display no clinical indications of pain or discomfort. Serum concentrations of cortisol, a standard indicator of stress and/or discomfort, are asymptomatic within 2 h of, completing the procedure ((x) over bar = 26.14 +/- 3.03 ng/ml). Stress is limited to the initial immobilization of the piglets. With this technique of cannulation, we routinely maintain catheter patency for 2 days, and often for as long as 5 days. C1 Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Anim Physiol Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, Anim Sci Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Anim Physiol Res Unit, Room 114 ASRC, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RI Keisler, Duane/C-2746-2011 OI Keisler, Duane/0000-0002-8792-7030 NR 6 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1M 8AE, ENGLAND SN 0023-6772 J9 LAB ANIM JI Lab. Anim. PD APR PY 1999 VL 33 IS 2 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1258/002367799780578345 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 196AQ UT WOS:000080287200004 PM 10780815 ER PT J AU Stewart, SI Vogt, CA AF Stewart, SI Vogt, CA TI A case-based approach to understanding vacation planning SO LEISURE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE decision making; tourism information; travel planning ID PAST EXPERIENCE; CHOICE; BEHAVIOR; TOURISM; DETERMINANTS; MOTIVATION; SEEKING; MODELS AB Vacations provide an opportunity to make many choices, and even for travelers who want their vacations to be spontaneous, planning is often an important part of vacationing. Although descriptive studies of travel planning have sketched out the elements of the vacation plan, these elements have not been drawn together in a conceptual model of the consumer planning process. The theory of case-based planning offers a plausible conceptual planning process. The theory of case-based planning offers a plausible conceptual structure for travel planning. In an exploratory study of the travel planning process, a panel of independent travelers was contacted via destination information packets mailed to information requesters. Travelers who agree to participate in the study were surveyed repeatedly during vacation planning and travel. A comparison of pretrip plans and on-site behavior showed that travelers developed plans before their trip, but these plans often were changed, especially with regard to on-site activities. Travelers tended to overplan, actuating fewer elements than they planned, and repeat visitors made more congruent plans than first-time visitors. Results suggest that case-based planning is a useful conceptual framework for organizing and extending travel planning research.. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Stewart, SI (reprint author), 845 Chicago Ave,Suite 225, Evanston, IL 60062 USA. NR 54 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0400 J9 LEISURE SCI JI Leis. Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 79 EP 95 PG 17 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 211BY UT WOS:000081141100001 ER PT J AU Kang, DH Fung, DYC AF Kang, DH Fung, DYC TI Development and evaluation of a 24 well microtitre plate method for isolation of Listeria spp. or Listeria monocytogenes from foods SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAW AB A rapid and simple method (24M) using 24 well microtitre plates was developed to determine the presence of Listeria monocytogenes or Listeria spp, in food samples. The 24M was composed of two 24 well microtitre plates connected with a yellow tip. The 24M was evaluated with pathogen cocktails and ground beef samples and compared with the conventional method for presumptive identification of Listeria spp, Only food-borne pathogen cocktails and ground beef samples containing L. monocytogenes or Listeria spp. showed a positive reaction in 24M after 24h incubation at 35 degrees C. Test results were the same with the conventional method and the 24M method and showed high efficiency for recovery of Listeria spp, from foods. This new, convenient and economical method can isolate Listeria spp, simultaneously from 24 different food samples. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Food Microbiol Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Kang, DH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Kang@marc.usda.ars NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 4 BP 280 EP 284 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00532.x PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 186KL UT WOS:000079728400008 PM 10212440 ER PT J AU Kelley, DS Taylor, PC Nelson, GJ Schmidt, PC Ferretti, A Erickson, KL Yu, R Chandra, RK AF Kelley, DS Taylor, PC Nelson, GJ Schmidt, PC Ferretti, A Erickson, KL Yu, R Chandra, RK TI Docosahexaenoic acid ingestion inhibits natural killer cell activity and production of inflammatory mediators in young healthy men SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 98 Meeting CY APR 18-22, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; MITOGEN-STIMULATED LYMPHOCYTES; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; HUMAN IMMUNE STATUS; FISH-OIL; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; INDEPENDENT MECHANISM; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; LEUKOCYTE FUNCTION AB The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of feeding docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as triacylglycerol on the fatty acid composition, eicosanoid production, and select activities of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC). A 120-d study with 11 healthy men was conducted at the Metabolic Research Unit of Western Human Nutrition Reach Center. Four subjects (control group) were fed the stabilization diet throughout the study; the remaining seven subjects were fed the basal diet for the first 30 d, followed by 6 g DHA/d for the next 90 d. DHA replaced an equivalent amount of linoleic acid; the two diets were comparable in their total fat and all other nutrients. Both diets were supplemented with 20 mg D alpha-tocopherol acetate per day. PEMNC fatty acid composition and eicosanoid production were examined on day 30 and 113; immune cell functions were tested on day 22, 30, 78, 85, 106, and 113. DHA feeding increased its concentration from 2.3 to 7.4 wt% in the PBMNC total lipids, and decreased arachidonic acid concentration from 19.8 to 10.7 wt%. It also lowered prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production, in response to lipopolysaccharide, by 60-75%. Natural killer cell activity and in vitro secretion of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor a were significantly reduced by DHA feeding. These parameters remained unchanged in the subjects fed the control diet. B-cell functions as reported here and T-cell functions that we reported previously were not altered by DHA feeding. Our results show that inhibitory effects of DHA on immune cell functions Varied with the cell type, and that the inhibitory effects are not mediated through increased production of PGE2 and LTB4. C1 ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. Beltsville Human Nutr Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Ulsan, Ulsan 680749, South Korea. Mem Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, NF A1C 5S7, Canada. Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Kelley, DS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, POB 29997, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. NR 45 TC 162 Z9 169 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 USA SN 0024-4201 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 4 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1007/s11745-999-0369-5 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 194ZU UT WOS:000080225300001 PM 10443964 ER PT J AU Sehat, N Rickert, R Mossoba, MM Kramer, JKG Yurawecz, MP Roach, JAG Adlof, RO Morehouse, KM Fritsche, J Eulitz, KD Steinhart, H Ku, Y AF Sehat, N Rickert, R Mossoba, MM Kramer, JKG Yurawecz, MP Roach, JAG Adlof, RO Morehouse, KM Fritsche, J Eulitz, KD Steinhart, H Ku, Y TI Improved separation of conjugated fatty acid methyl esters by silver ion-high-performance liquid chromatography SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article ID LINOLEIC-ACID; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ISOMERS; IDENTIFICATION; MILK; TISSUE; CHEESE; CLA AB Operating from one to six silver ion-high-performance liquid chromatography (Ag+-HPLC) columns in series progressively improved the resolution of the methyl esters of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomeric mixtures from natural and commercial products. in natural products, the 8 trans, 10 cis-octadecadienoic (18:2) acid was resolved from the more abundant 7 trans, 9 cis-18:2, and the 10 trans, 12 cis-18:2 was separated from the major 9 cis, 11 trans-18:2 peak. In addition, both ii trans, 13 cis-18:2 and ii cis, 13 trans-18:2 isomers were found in natural products and were separated; the presence of the latter, 11 cis, 13 trans-18:2, was established in commercial CLA preparations. Three Ag+-HPLC columns in series appeared to be the best compromise to obtain satisfactory resolution of most CLA isomers found in natural products. A single Ag+-HPLC column in series with one of several normal-phase columns did not improve the resolution of CLA isomers as compared to that of the former alone. The 20:2 conjugated fatty acid isomers ii cis, 13 trans-20:2 and 12 trans, 14 cis-20:2, which were synthesized by alkali isomerization from ii cis, 14 cis-20:2, eluted in the same region of the Ag+-HPLC chromatogram just before the corresponding geometric CLA isomers. Therefore, CLA isomers will require isolation based on chain length prior to Ag+-H PLC separation. The positions of conjugated double bonds in 20:2 and 18:2 isomers were established by gas chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry as their 4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives. The double-bond geometry was determined by gas chromatography-direct deposition-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and by the Ag+-HPLC relative elution order. C1 US FDA, Off Food Labeling, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Washington, DC 20204 USA. Univ Hamburg, Inst Food Chem, Hamburg, Germany. Agr & Agri Food Canada, Food Res Ctr, So Crop Protect, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. ARS, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Ku, Y (reprint author), US FDA, Off Food Labeling, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, HFS-175,200 C St SW, Washington, DC 20204 USA. NR 18 TC 122 Z9 128 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 USA SN 0024-4201 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 4 BP 407 EP 413 DI 10.1007/s11745-999-0379-3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 194ZU UT WOS:000080225300011 PM 10443974 ER PT J AU Ham-Lamme, KD King, DP Taylor, BC House, C Jessup, DA Jeffries, S Yochem, PK Gulland, FMD Ferrick, DA Stott, JL AF Ham-Lamme, KD King, DP Taylor, BC House, C Jessup, DA Jeffries, S Yochem, PK Gulland, FMD Ferrick, DA Stott, JL TI The application of immuno-assays for serological detection of morbillivirus exposure in free ranging harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from the western coast of the United States SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; EPIZOOTIOLOGY C1 Marine Mammal Ctr, Golden Gate Natl Recreat Area, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Lab Marine Mammal Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USDA, APHIS, VS, NVSL,Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Plum Isl, NY 11944 USA. Calif Dept Fish & Game, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA. Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Mammal Invest, Tacoma, WA 98498 USA. Hubbs Seaworld Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92109 USA. RP Ham-Lamme, KD (reprint author), Marine Mammal Ctr, Golden Gate Natl Recreat Area, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC MARINE MAMMALOGY PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0824-0469 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 15 IS 2 BP 601 EP 608 DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00830.x PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 188AH UT WOS:000079821000028 ER PT J AU Yoshioka, H Gregerson, RG Samac, DA Hoevens, KCM Trepp, G Gantt, JS Vance, CP AF Yoshioka, H Gregerson, RG Samac, DA Hoevens, KCM Trepp, G Gantt, JS Vance, CP TI Aspartate aminotransferase in alfalfa nodules: Localization of mRNA during effective and ineffective nodule development and promoter analysis SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE malate dehydrogenase; Medicago sativa; nitrogen fixation; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; Sinorhizobium meliloti ID SOYBEAN ROOT-NODULES; MEDICAGO-SATIVA L; RHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; NITROGEN-FIXATION; LEGUME NODULES; GAS-EXCHANGE; C-4 PLANT; PURIFICATION AB Aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) plays a critical role in the assimilation of symbiotically fixed nitrogen into aspartate and asparagine in legume root nodules. The enzyme occurs as a cytosolic form (AAT1) and a plastid form (AAT2) in alfalfa nodules, To elucidate the functional role of each isozyme in root nodule metabolism further, in situ hybridization was used to determine the pattern of transcript accumulation from the two genes, AAT2 transcripts were localized to infected cells throughout the symbiotic zone of effective alfalfa nodules; however, expression was reduced in ineffective nodules. The AAT1 gene was expressed in the uninfected cells of the invasion zone and symbiotic zone, the nodule parenchyma, and nodule vascular bundles of both effective and ineffective nodules, The AAT1 and AAT2 promoters were evaluated in transgenic alfalfa plants containing promoter beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene fusions. Histochemical staining patterns agreed with results from in situ localization. The distribution pattern of gene transcripts suggests that AAT1 has a role in maintenance of the O-2 diffusion barrier in nodules and that AAT2 plays a major role in assimilation of recently fixed nitrogen. Promoter deletion analysis of the AAT2 promoter revealed that nodule-specific expression was retained in a promoter fragment of 300 bp. C1 USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Higher Inst Profess Educ Venlo, Div Sci Lab, NL-5822 BD Venlo, Netherlands. ETH Zurich, Inst Pflanzenwissensch, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Samac, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM debbys@puccini.crl.umn.edu NR 55 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD APR PY 1999 VL 12 IS 4 BP 263 EP 274 DI 10.1094/MPMI.1999.12.4.263 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 177VV UT WOS:000079232500001 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP AF Kurtzman, CP TI Two new members of the Saccharomycopsis clade: Saccharomycopsis microspora, comb. nov and Candida lassenensis, sp nov. SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE Candida; Saccharomycopsis; new yeasts; molecular systematics ID ASCOMYCETOUS YEASTS; SCHWANNIOMYCES; IDENTIFICATION; DEBARYOMYCES; DIVERGENCE; SEQUENCES AB Saccharomycopsis microspora, comb. nov. (type strain NRRL, Y-7404, CBS 6393) and Candida lassenensis, sp. nov. (type strain NRRL YB-3657, CBS 8524) are described. The species were recognized as novel from nucleotide substitutions in domain D1/D2 of 26S ribosomal DNA, a region that is sufficiently divergent to allow resolution of nearly all ascomycetous yeast species. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Properties Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Properties Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 71 BP 241 EP 250 PG 10 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 214VJ UT WOS:000081348000020 ER PT J AU Tyson, LA Dolbeer, RA Belant, JL AF Tyson, LA Dolbeer, RA Belant, JL TI Changes in early winter abundance of four gull (Larus) species on western Lake Erie, 1951-1995 SO OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HERRING-GULLS; GREAT-LAKES AB Many gulls (Larus spp.) that nest on and north of the Great Lakes concentrate along the south shore of western Lake Erie in early winter. Monitoring population trends of these gulls is important because of increasing conflicts between gulls and humans. We used data from four Christmas Bird Count locations to examine population trends of four gull species on western Lake Erie during nine 5-year periods, 1951-1995. Overall, ring-billed gulls (L. delawarensis) were the dominant species (59% of gulls counted) followed by herring (L, argentatus, 20%), Bonaparte's (L, philadelphia, 18%) and great black-backed (L, marinus, 0.2%) gulls. Ring-billed gulls displayed the most dramatic population changes over the 45-year period, increasing 23-fold (P <0.05) from 1951-1955 to 1981-1985. The population then declined (P <0.05) by 57% from 1981-1985 to 1991-1995, Population trends for Bonaparte's gulls followed the same general pattern as ring-billed gulls. Herring gulls showed an 11-fold increase (P <0.05) from 1951-1955 to 1971-1975 (10 years before the ring-billed and Bonaparte's peak) followed by a decline. Great black-backed gulls showed slight (P >0.05) increases among 5-year periods from 1951-1990 with a 3.3-fold increase (P <0.05) from 1986-1990 to 1991-1995, Early winter numbers of herring, ring-billed, and Bonaparte's gulls have stabilized or declined from peak numbers recorded. on western Lake Erie in the 1970s and 1980s whereas great black-backed gull population numbers have increased. Continued monitoring of both early winter and nesting populations, combined with studies of feeding habits and migratory patterns, are needed to evaluate long-term trends of Great Lakes gull populations and to provide a foundation for management programs to resolve gull-human conflicts. C1 USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Tyson, LA (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 9 PU OHIO ACAD SCIENCE PI COLUMBUS PA 1500 W 3RD AVE SUITE 223, COLUMBUS, OH 43212-2817 USA SN 0030-0950 J9 OHIO J SCI JI Ohio J. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 99 IS 2 BP 2 EP 5 PG 4 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 226AP UT WOS:000081998400001 ER PT J AU Bailey, S Rebbeck, J Loats, KV AF Bailey, S Rebbeck, J Loats, KV TI Interactive effects of elevated ozone plus carbon dioxide on duckweeds exposed in open-top chambers SO OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; CO2 CONCENTRATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; ASPEN CLONES; GROWTH; PLANTS; O-3; FIELD AB The response of Lemna minor L. and Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden to projected future ambient levels of O-3 and CO2 was studied under field conditions. The two duckweed species were treated with either charcoal-filtered air (CF), ambient O-3 (lXO(3)), tn ice ambient O-3 (2XO(3)), twice ambient CO2 plus twice ambient O-3 (2XCO(2)+2XO(3)), or chamberless open-air (OA). Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment I, L. minor was treated for 15 d with a cumulative O-3 exposure of 14.4 ppm.h. No O-3 effects were observed during Experiment I. Dry weight of individual fronds and photosynthesis per frond increased in L minor exposed to 2XCO(2)+2XO(3)(-) air. In Experiment II after 25 d of treatment (cumulative O-3 exposure of 16.2 ppm h), negative effects of 2XO(3) on the photosynthetic and growth rates of L. minor were observed. Dark respiration of L minor significantly increased in 2XO(3)-air compared with controls, but declined significantly in 2XCO(2)+2XO(3)-air compared to those grown in 2XO(3)-air. Photosynthesis and drg weight per frond increased in 2XCO(2)+2XO(3)-air when compared with all other treatments. Measurement of A/C-i (assimilation versus intercellular CO2 concentration) curves in L. minor showed a significant reduction in carboxylation efficiency and maximum rates of photosynthesis in 2XCO(2)+2XO(3)-air compared with other treatments when expressed per weight. No differences in carboxylation efficiency were detected between treatments when expressed per frond. After 25 d of treatment, photosynthesis (per frond) and dry weight of S. polyrhiza were reduced in 2XO(3)-air, but final frond number was unaffected. Dark respiration of S. polyrhiza was unaffected in 2XO(3)(-) air, but when exposed to 2XCO(2)+2XO(3)-air, it declined significantly. Although S. polyrhiza photosynthesis per frond increased in 2XCO(2)+2XO(3)-air, dry weight was unaffected when compared with all other treatments. Only when comparisons were made between S. polyrhiza grown in 2XCO(2)+2XO(3)-air and 2XO(3)-air, were significant increases in dry weight observed. The addition of 2XCO(2) to 2XO(3)-air resulted in amelioration of negative O-3 effects for most responses for both duckweed species. C1 Denison Univ, Dept Biol, Granville, OH 43023 USA. US Forest Serv, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Loats, KV (reprint author), Denison Univ, Dept Biol, Granville, OH 43023 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU OHIO ACAD SCIENCE PI COLUMBUS PA 1500 W 3RD AVE SUITE 223, COLUMBUS, OH 43212-2817 USA SN 0030-0950 J9 OHIO J SCI JI Ohio J. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 99 IS 2 BP 19 EP 25 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 226AP UT WOS:000081998400005 ER PT J AU Brown, JW AF Brown, JW TI Dimorphopalpa, a new genus of tortricid moths from Central and South America (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae : Euliini) SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Lepidoptera; Tortricidae; Tortricinae; Euliini; Dimorphopalpa; neotropics AB Dimorphopalpa, NEW GENUS. is described from Central and South America. Five species are recognized: D. albopunctana, NEW SPECIES, from Costa Rica and Venezuela; D. striatana, NEW SPECIES, from Costa Rica and Venezuela; D, striatanoides, NEW SPECIES, from Ecuador and Colombia; D. teutoniana, NEW SPECIES, from Brazil (type species): and D. xestochalca (Meyrick), NEW COMBINATION, from Colombia. Putative synapomorphies for species of the new genus include the following: 1) sexually dimorphic labial palpi; those of the male are moderate in length while those of the female are exceedingly elongate: 2) male genitalia with a pair of unique, sclerotized, ventrally projecting extensions of the tegumen between the base of the uncus and base of the gnathos; and 3) short, rounded valvae. Dimorphopalpa appears to be most closely related to Uncicida Razowski, with which it shares similar processes from the gnathos and a pair of lateral, rounded structures distally on the caulis of the acdeagus that represent the point of attachment to the juxta. C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Agr Res Serv, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab,USDA, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Brown, JW (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Agr Res Serv, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab,USDA, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA CALIFORNIA ACAD OF SCIENCES GOLDEN GATE PARK, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94118 USA SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 75 IS 2 BP 82 EP 93 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 215UJ UT WOS:000081401600004 ER PT J AU Ellis, JT Morrison, DA Liddell, S Jenkins, MC Mohammed, OB Ryce, C Dubey, JP AF Ellis, JT Morrison, DA Liddell, S Jenkins, MC Mohammed, OB Ryce, C Dubey, JP TI The genus Hammondia is paraphyletic SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hammondia spp; Neospora caninum; Toxoplasma gondii; phylogeny ID 18S RDNA SEQUENCES; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; BOVINE NEOSPORA; RIBOSOMAL DNA; PHYLOGENY; APICOMPLEXA; ALIGNMENT; PARASITES AB The phylogenetic relationships amongst Hammondia, Neospora and Toxoplasma were investigated by DNA sequence comparisons of the D2/D3 domain of the large subunit ribosomal DNA and the internal transcribed spacer 1. The results obtained allow us to reject the hypothesis that N. caninum and H. heydorni are the same species and show that Hammondia hammondi is probably the sister taxon to Toxoplasma gondii. C1 Univ Technol Sydney, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Mol Parasitol Unit, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. USDA ARS, Agr Res Serv, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Natl Commiss Wildlife Conservat & Dev, King Khalid Wildlife Ctr, Riyadh 11575, Saudi Arabia. RP Ellis, JT (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Mol Parasitol Unit, Westbourne St,Gore Hill, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. RI liddell, susan/C-2653-2012; Mohammed, Osama/C-3226-2011; Ellis, John/L-6988-2016 OI Ellis, John/0000-0001-7328-4831 NR 32 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0031-1820 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD APR PY 1999 VL 118 BP 357 EP 362 DI 10.1017/S0031182098003801 PN 4 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 190RU UT WOS:000079979100005 PM 10340325 ER PT J AU Martin, A Danforth, HD Jaynes, JM Thornton, JE AF Martin, A Danforth, HD Jaynes, JM Thornton, JE TI Evaluation of the effect of peptidyl membrane-interactive molecules on avian coccidia SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EIMERIA-MELEAGRIMITIS; ANTICOCCIDIAL DRUGS; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; LYTIC PEPTIDES; SPOROZOITES; INVASION AB This study examined the lytic effect of seven different synthetic peptidyl membrane-interactive molecules (Peptidyl-MIMs) on sporozoites of five different species of Eimeria infecting chickens and merozoites of two different species that infect chickens. All Peptidyl-MIMs (pMIMs) demonstrated antiparasitic effects at concentrations of 1-50 mu M during incubation periods varying from 1 to 20 min. III addition, electron microscopy showed that ultrastructural degeneration of the pellicle of sporozoite stages of the parasites occurred within 5-10 min of exposure to 5-mu M concentrations df three different pMIMs. Pore-like openings were seen in the pellicle of the sporozoites at the ultrastructural level, which indicated that the pMIMs had the same mechanism of action on the parasites as that reported from studies done on bacteria. A reduction in lesion scores was seen in chickens treated orally with 10-, 50-, or 75-mu M concentrations of two different proteolytic stabilized (methylated) pMIMs after challenge with three different species of avian coccidia in battery-cage trials. Collectively these data indicate that pMIMs may be useful in the control of coccidiosis in poultry. C1 ARS, USDA, LPSI, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Embrex Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Demeter Biotechnol Ltd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Danforth, HD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, LPSI, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab,BARC E, Bldg 1040,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0044-3255 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 85 IS 4 BP 331 EP 336 DI 10.1007/s004360050557 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 170UY UT WOS:000078826500015 PM 10099017 ER PT J AU Loechelt, BJ Kramer, TR Rakusan, TA Chan, M AF Loechelt, BJ Kramer, TR Rakusan, TA Chan, M TI Lymphocyte proliferation responses in children with HIV-1 infection on antiretroviral therapy SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 54 BP 11A EP 11A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00071 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700055 ER PT J AU Butte, NF Treuth, MS Voigt, RG Llorente, AM Heird, WC AF Butte, NF Treuth, MS Voigt, RG Llorente, AM Heird, WC TI Stimulant medications decrease energy expenditure and physical activity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, ARS,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Rochester, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 69 BP 13A EP 13A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00086 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700070 ER PT J AU Voigt, RG Llorente, AM Berretta, MC Boutte, C Fraley, JK Jensen, CL Heird, WC AF Voigt, RG Llorente, AM Berretta, MC Boutte, C Fraley, JK Jensen, CL Heird, WC TI Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation does not improve the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Rochester, MN USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 92 BP 17A EP 17A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00109 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700093 ER PT J AU Haney, PM AF Haney, PM TI Lactogenic hormones cause glycosylation-independent targeting of the GLUT1 glucose transporter of mammary epithelial cells to a subcompartment of cis- and/or medial-Golgi SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 519 BP 90A EP 90A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00536 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700520 ER PT J AU Griffin, IJ Abrams, SA AF Griffin, IJ Abrams, SA TI The exchangeable zinc pool as a measure of zinc nutritional status in children SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 645 BP 111A EP 111A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00662 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700646 ER PT J AU Wang, H Dudley, MA Annulis, L Lu, S Du, JH Black, DD AF Wang, H Dudley, MA Annulis, L Lu, S Du, JH Black, DD TI Regulation of intestinal apolipoprotein A-IV and C-III expression by dietary lipid in weanling piglets SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 687 BP 118A EP 118A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00704 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700688 ER PT J AU Jensen, CL Llorente, AM Voigt, RG Prager, TC Fraley, JK Zou, YLL Berretta, MC Heird, WC AF Jensen, CL Llorente, AM Voigt, RG Prager, TC Fraley, JK Zou, YLL Berretta, MC Heird, WC TI Effects of maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on visual and neurodevelopmental function of breast-fed infants of maternal depression and cognitive interference SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Dept Ophthalmol, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,USDA ARS, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 1675 BP 284A EP 284A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-01692 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476701676 ER PT J AU Shew, SB Jahoor, F Jaksic, T Heird, WC AF Shew, SB Jahoor, F Jaksic, T Heird, WC TI Improved protein metabolism in neonates receiving parenteral cysteine supplementation SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Dept Surg, USDA ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 1711 BP 290A EP 290A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-01728 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476701712 ER PT J AU Zhu, YC Dowdy, AK Baker, JE AF Zhu, YC Dowdy, AK Baker, JE TI Detection of single-base substitution in an esterase gene and its linkage to malathion resistance in the parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera : Pteromalidae) SO PESTICIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Anisopteromalus calandrae; parasitoid; PCR; DNA; PASA; single-base substitution; insecticide resistance ID MOSQUITO CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CONFERRING INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; INDIANMEAL MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; CARBOXYLESTERASE ACTIVITY; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ANOPHELES-STEPHENSI; PCR AMPLIFICATION; LUCILIA-CUPRINA; PYRALIDAE AB Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is an important parasitoid of stored-grain insect pests. Partial cDNA sequences of an esterase-like enzyme have been obtained from a malathion-pesistant (R) strain and a susceptible (S) strain of this wasp. A single-base substitution in the R strain has been confirmed by using PGR amplification of specific allele (PASA) to amplify genomic DNA extracted from individual resistant and susceptible parents, F-1 hybrids from double reciprocal crosses, and progeny from backcrosses. The R allele appeared to be inherited in a strict Mendelian fashion in both diploid female and haploid male progeny. The esterase fragment co-segregated with resistance in these crosses and backcrosses. Female wasps in a mixed population of A calandrae that survived a malathion screen carried the R allele for the esterase-like enzyme, while those wasps that died did not have the R allele. The single base-pair mutation, guanine in the R strain and thymine in the S strain, presumably results in a tryptophan-to-glycine amino acid substitution in the encoded protein. We do not know how these amino acid substitutions may relate to functional differences in the enzyme. However, this esterase gene or another linked esterase gene may encode the resistance-associated malathion detoxifying activity in the R strain. (C) 1999 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 ARS, GMPRC, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Baker, JE (reprint author), ARS, GMPRC, USDA, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 40 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0031-613X J9 PESTIC SCI JI Pestic. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 55 IS 4 BP 398 EP 404 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199904)55:4<398::AID-PS925>3.0.CO;2-O PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 189JW UT WOS:000079902200002 ER PT J AU Ma, QL Smith, AE Hook, JE Bridges, DC AF Ma, QL Smith, AE Hook, JE Bridges, DC TI Surface transport of 2,4-D from small turf plots: observations compared with GLEAMS and PRZM-2 model simulations SO PESTICIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE run-off; golf courses; pesticides; GLEAMS; PRZM-2; grassland ID RUNOFF MODELS; PESTICIDE AB A three-year field study was conducted using twelve 7.4 x 3.7 m plots and simulated rainfall to investigate pesticide run-off following application to a golf course fairway. The plots were sprigged with 'Tifway 419' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon x C transvaalensis). The dimethylamine salt of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] was applied as foliar sprays at a rate of 2.24 kg AI ha(-1). Simulated rainfall was applied at an intensity of 29 mm h(-1) one day before and 1, 2, 4, and 8 days after the pesticide applications for 0.92, 1.75. 1.75, 0.92, and 0.92 h, respectively. Water run-off was measured using a tipping-bucket apparatus and sub-samples were analyzed for pesticide residues. Data collected from the study were also compared with the GLEAMS and PRZM-2 model simulations for surface water and 2,4-D run-off. Mass and concentration of 2,4-D in run-off decreased rapidly, with 74.5% of the total run-off of 2,4-D occurring in the first run-off event after treatment. When calibrated to the site-specific characteristics, the GLEAMS and the PRZM-2 models adequately simulated the average of surface water run-off over all plots, with normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) and coefficient of determination for linear regression (R(2)) being 22.8% and 0.917 for GLEAMS, and 23.7% and 0.879 for PRZM-2, respectively. However, both GLEAMS (NRMSE = 82.1%, R(2) = 0.776) and PRZM-2 (NRMSE = 125.8%, R(2) = 0.513) less accurately simulated 2,4-D concentrations in run-off. (C) 1999 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Smith, AE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0031-613X J9 PESTIC SCI JI Pestic. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 55 IS 4 BP 423 EP 433 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 189JW UT WOS:000079902200005 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, M Webb, R Balsamo, R Close, TJ Yu, XM Griffith, M AF Wisniewski, M Webb, R Balsamo, R Close, TJ Yu, XM Griffith, M TI Purification, immunolocalization, cryoprotective, and antifreeze activity of PCA60: A dehydrin from peach (Prunus persica) SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID COLD-ACCLIMATION; IMMUNOGOLD LOCALIZATION; FREEZING-TOLERANCE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; WINTER RYE; L BATSCH; PROTEINS; TISSUES; GENE; ACCUMULATION AB Dehydrins are glycine-rich, hydrophilic, heat-stable proteins and are generally induced in response to a wide array of environmental stresses. In previous research (Artlip et al, 1997, Plant Molecular Biology 33: 61-70), a full-length dehydrin gene, ppdhn1, was isolated from peach, and its expression was associated with qualitative and quantitative differences in cold hardiness in sibling genotypes of evergreen and deciduous peach, Similar results were obtained for levels of the corresponding 60 kDa peach dehydrin protein (PCA60). The objective of the present study was to purify the PCA60, test the purified protein for cryoprotective and/or antifreeze activity, and to determine the cellular localization of PCA60 using immunomicroscopy. PCA60 was extracted from winter bark tissues of peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) and purified in a two-step process. Separation was based on free-solution isoelectric focusing followed by size exclusion, Purified PCA60, as well as crude protein extract, preserved the in vitro enzymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase after several freeze-thaw cycles in liquid nitrogen. PCA also exhibited distinct antifreeze activity as evidenced by ice crystal morphology and thermal hysteresis, This is the first time antifreeze activity has been demonstrated for dehydrins. Immunomicroscopy, utilizing an affinity-purified, polyclonal antibody developed against a synthetic peptide of the lysine-rich consensus portion of dehydrins, indicated that PCA60 was freely distributed in the cytoplasm, plastids, and nucleus of bark cells and xylem parenchyma cells. Although the functional role of dehydrins remains speculative, the data support the hypothesis that it plays a role in preventing denaturation of proteins exposed to dehydrative stresses. C1 USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Wisniewski, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 41 TC 185 Z9 214 U1 2 U2 23 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD APR PY 1999 VL 105 IS 4 BP 600 EP 608 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.105402.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 202BA UT WOS:000080631200002 ER PT J AU Gray, LE Gardner, HW Weisleder, D Leib, M AF Gray, LE Gardner, HW Weisleder, D Leib, M TI Production and toxicity of 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one by Phialophora gregata SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Phialophora gregata; Glycine mas; Leguminosea; soybean; mycotoxin AB 2,3-Dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, was isolated from 3 week old rice cultures of Phialophora gregata, a soybean pathogen, grown at 25 degrees C. This material in repeated bioassays prevented callus formation on soybean hypocotyl sections at 100 and 200 mu g/ml callus culture medium. This is the first report of the production of this metabolite by a member of the Phialphora genus and of its toxicity to soybeans. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Gray, LE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD APR PY 1999 VL 50 IS 8 BP 1337 EP 1340 DI 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00708-0 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 193ZQ UT WOS:000080168000007 ER PT J AU Hilf, ME Karasev, AV Albiach-Marti, MR Dawson, WO Garnsey, SM AF Hilf, ME Karasev, AV Albiach-Marti, MR Dawson, WO Garnsey, SM TI Two paths of sequence divergence in the citrus tristeza virus complex SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; STRAINS; GENOME AB Comparison of a sampling of complementary DNA (cDNA) sequences from the Florida citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates T3 and T30 to the sequence of the genome of the Israeli isolate VT showed a relatively consistent or symmetrical distribution of nucleotide sequence identity in both the 5' and 3' regions of the 19.2-kb genome. In contrast, comparison of these sequences to the sequence of isolate T36 showed a dramatic decrease in sequence identity in the 5' proximal 11 kb of the genome. A cDNA probe derived from this region of the T36 genome hybridized to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of only 3 of 10 different Florida CTV isolates. In contrast, analogous probes from T3 and T30 hybridized differentially to the seven isolates not selected by the T36 probe. Primers designed from cDNA sequence for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) selectively amplified these 10 isolates, allowing them to be classified as similar to T3, T30, or T36. In contrast, individual cDNA probes derived from the 3' terminal open reading frames of the T3, T30, and T36 genomes all hybridized to dsRNA from all Florida CTV isolates tested, and PCR primers designed from the T36 capsid protein gene sequence amplified successfully from all isolates. Based on these data, we propose the creation of two groups of CTV, exemplified by the VT and T36 isolates, respectively. Isolates in the VT group, which include isolates VT, T3, and T30, have genomic sequence divergence that is relatively constant in proportion and distribution throughout the genome, and candidate isolates for that group could be considered strains of the same virus. The T36 group is differentiated from the VT group by the highly divergent 5' genomic sequence. This 5' region of the CTV genome, thus, can serve as a measure of the extent of sequence divergence and can be used to define new groups and group members in the CTV complex. C1 USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32803 USA. Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Dept Plant Pathol, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. RP Hilf, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, 2120 Camden Rd, Orlando, FL 32803 USA. EM Markhilf@aol.com NR 26 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1999 VL 89 IS 4 BP 336 EP 342 DI 10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.4.336 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 182PH UT WOS:000079507000012 PM 18944780 ER PT J AU Bai, GH Kolb, FL Shaner, G Domier, LL AF Bai, GH Kolb, FL Shaner, G Domier, LL TI Amplified fragment length polymorphism markers linked to a major quantitative trait locus controlling scab resistance in wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RUST RESISTANCE; GENETIC MAPS; AFLP MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; BARLEY; RFLP; INHERITANCE; POPULATION AB Scab is a destructive disease of wheat. To accelerate development of scab-resistant wheat cultivars, molecular markers linked to scab resistance genes have been identified by using recombinant inbred lines (Ws) derived by single-seed descent from a cross between the resistant wheat cultivar Ning 7840 (resistant to spread of scab within the spike) and the susceptible cultivar Clark. In the greenhouse, F-5, F-6, F-7, and F-10 families were evaluated for resistance to spread of scab within a spike by injecting about 1,000 conidiospores of Fusarium graminearum into a central spikelet. Inoculated plants were kept in moist chambers for 3 days to promote initial infection and then transferred to greenhouse benches. Scab symptoms were evaluated four times (3, 9, 15, and 21 days after inoculation). The frequency distribution of scab severity indicated that resistance to spread of scab within a spike was controlled by a few major genes. DNA was isolated from both parents and F-9 plants of the 133 RILs. A total of 300 combinations of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primers were screened for polymorphisms using bulked segregant analysis. Twenty pairs of primers revealed at least one polymorphic band between the two contrasting bulks. The segregation of each of these bands was evaluated in the 133 RILs. Eleven AFLP markers showed significant association with Scab resistance, and an individual marker explained up to 53% of the total variation (R-2). The markers with high R-2 values mapped to a single linkage group. By interval analysis, one major quantitative trait locus for scab resistance explaining up to 60% of the genetic variation for scab resistance was identified. Some of the AFLP markers may be useful in marker-assisted breeding to improve resistance to scab in wheat. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Kolb, FL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 34 TC 157 Z9 173 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1999 VL 89 IS 4 BP 343 EP 348 DI 10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.4.343 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 182PH UT WOS:000079507000013 PM 18944781 ER PT J AU Wood, AJ Duff, RJ Oliver, MJ AF Wood, AJ Duff, RJ Oliver, MJ TI Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from desiccated Tortula ruralis identify a large number of novel plant genes SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bryophyte; desiccation; DNA sequencing; EST; moss; Tortula ruralis ID CDNA CLONES; CRATEROSTIGMA-PLANTAGINEUM; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; VEGETATIVE DESICCATION; PHYSIOLOGICAL-ASPECTS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; COMPLETE PRECURSOR; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; MESSENGER-RNAS; TOLERANT MOSS AB The desiccation-tolerant moss Tortula ruralis [Hedw.] Gaerten., Meyer & Scherb. has both a constitutive protection system and an active rehydration induced recovery mechanism apparently unique to bryophytes. Immediately following rehydration, desiccated T. ruralis gametophytes produce a set of polypeptides whose synthesis is unique to the rehydrated state. We report the construction of a cDNA expression library from the polysomal mRNA of desiccated gametophytes and the single-pass sequencing of randomly selected clones. 152 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated representing more than 60,000 bp of non-redundant DNA sequence. 44 ESTs (29%) demonstrated significant homology to previously identified nucleotide and/or polypeptide sequences, such as ribosomal proteins, desiccation-related peptides, early light-inducible proteins and a V-type ATPase, Analysis of a subset of these homologous ESTs reveals that codon preference in T, ruralis is similar to that of vascular plants, particularly the Magnoliopsida. 108 ESTs (71%) demonstrated no significant homology to deposited sequences and represent a large number of novel plant genes. Analysis of these ESTs will define the range of genes involved in cellular repair and recovery and may provide greater insight to the complex phenotype of vegetative desiccation-tolerance. C1 So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. RP Wood, AJ (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. NR 45 TC 46 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 5 PU JAPANESE SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI KYOTO PA SHIMOTACHIURI OGAWA HIGASHI KAMIKYOKU, KYOTO, 602, JAPAN SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 BP 361 EP 368 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 188BX UT WOS:000079825400001 PM 10394632 ER PT J AU Herman, EM Larkins, BA AF Herman, EM Larkins, BA TI Protein storage bodies and vacuoles SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Review ID DEVELOPING PEA COTYLEDONS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM RETENTION; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS COTYLEDONS; DEVELOPING SOYBEAN COTYLEDONS; TONOPLAST INTRINSIC PROTEIN; MAIZE ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT; AMINO-ACID SEQUENCES; MUNG BEAN COTYLEDONS; GOLGI-APPARATUS; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO C1 USDA ARS, Climate Stress Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Larkins, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Climate Stress Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 132 TC 224 Z9 238 U1 7 U2 28 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD APR PY 1999 VL 11 IS 4 BP 601 EP 613 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 193XV UT WOS:000080163800009 ER PT J AU Sundin, DR Bockus, WW Eversmeyer, MG AF Sundin, DR Bockus, WW Eversmeyer, MG TI Triazole seed treatments suppress spore production by Puccinia recondita, Septoria tritici, and Stagonospora nodorum from wheat leaves SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GRAMINIS VAR TRITICI; RED WINTER-WHEAT; POWDERY MILDEW; TAKE-ALL; TRIADIMENOL; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FUNGICIDES; SEVERITY; BLOTCH; YIELD AB Treatments of winter wheat seed with the systemic triazole fungicides triadimenol (31 g a.i./100 kg = Baytan 30F at 1.5 fl oz/cwt) and difenoconazole (24 g a.i./100 kg = Dividend 3FS at 1.0 fl. oz/cwt) were tested for effect on asexual sporulation by Puccinia recondita, Septoria tritici, and Stagonospora nodorum. Spore production was measured on seedlings grown in a growth chamber (24 degrees C day/15 degrees C night, 12-h photoperiod) and inoculated with the pathogens 3, 5, or 7 weeks after sowing. Spore production was converted to a percentage of the non-treated control and regressed against weeks after planting when plants were inoculated. Linear models fit data for both fungicides against all three pathogens. According to the models, difenoconazole suppressed sporulation levels of P. recondita and Septoria tritici to 10% of the levels on plants from non-treated seed for about 3 weeks after sowing. Spore production for all three fungi was suppressed to 25% of the non-treated level for at least 4.2 weeks and to 50% for at least 6.5 weeks. Similarly, triadimenol suppressed all three pathogens to 50% of the non-treated level for at least 3.2 weeks. The two fungicides showed similar effects against S. tritici; however, difenoconazole showed significantly greater suppression of sporulation by P. recondita and Stagonospora nodorum compared with triadimenol. Responses occurred even though large concentrations of spores were used to inoculate plants and environmental conditions were optimized for spore production. Reduced sporulation should help protect fall-planted wheat seedlings and may significantly delay epidemics in the following spring. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bockus, WW (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1999 VL 83 IS 4 BP 328 EP 332 DI 10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.4.328 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 180FW UT WOS:000079376300003 ER PT J AU Stelzer, HE Doudrick, RL Kubisiak, TL Nelson, CD AF Stelzer, HE Doudrick, RL Kubisiak, TL Nelson, CD TI Prescreening slash pine and Cronartium pedigrees for evaluation of complementary gene action in fusiform rust disease SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Pinus elliottii ID F-SP FUSIFORME; LOBLOLLY-PINE; MAJOR GENE; RESISTANCE; CULTURE AB Single-urediniospore cultures of the fusiform rust fungus were used to inoculate seedlings from 10 full-sib families of a five-parent slash pine diallel at two different times in 1994. The presence or absence of fusiform rust galls was recorded for each inoculated seedling at 9 months postinoculation, and percent infection levels for each family-inoculum-time combination were used for detecting differences among host families and fungal cultures and for identifying differential interactions. The existence of differential interactions between two or more fungal cultures and two or more host families verifies that complementary gene action does exist in this pathosystem. Some host families may be excluded from more detailed interaction studies on the basis of their redundancy and lack of participation in differential interactions. C1 Champion Int Corp, Jay, FL 32565 USA. US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. Int Paper Co, Bainbridge, GA 31717 USA. RP Kubisiak, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. EM kubisiak@datasync.com NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1999 VL 83 IS 4 BP 385 EP 389 DI 10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.4.385 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 180FW UT WOS:000079376300014 ER PT J AU Erickson, FL Holzberg, S Calderon-Urrea, A Handley, V Axtell, M Corr, C Baker, B AF Erickson, FL Holzberg, S Calderon-Urrea, A Handley, V Axtell, M Corr, C Baker, B TI The helicase domain of the TMV replicase proteins induces the N-mediated defence response in tobacco SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLANT-DISEASE RESISTANCE; MOSAIC-VIRUS; CONFERS RESISTANCE; MOVEMENT PROTEIN; AVIRULENCE GENE; SEQUENCE; TOMATO; RNA; DNA; EXPRESSION AB Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) induces the hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco plants containing the N gene. This defence response is characterized by cell death at the site of virus infection and inhibition of viral replication and movement. A previous study indicated that a portion of the IMV replicase containing a putative helicase domain is involved in HR induction. Here, this observation is confirmed and extended by showing that non-viral expression of a 50 kDa TMV helicase fragment (p50) is sufficient to induce the N-mediated HR in tobacco. Like the HR elicited by TMV infection, transgenic expression of p50 induces a temperature-sensitive defence response. We demonstrate that recombinant p50 protein has ATPase activity, as suggested by the presence of conserved sequence motifs found in ATPase/helicase enzymes. A point mutation that alters one of these motifs abolishes ATPase activity in vitro but does not affect HR induction. These results suggest that features of the TMV helicase domain, independent of its enzymatic activity, are recognized by N-containing tobacco to induce TMV resistance. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Baker, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RI Baker, Barbara/L-7198-2016 OI Baker, Barbara/0000-0002-1276-971X FU NIAID NIH HHS [F32 AI10135-01] NR 46 TC 122 Z9 131 U1 2 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 18 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 192JV UT WOS:000080076000007 PM 10341444 ER PT J AU Martinez-Garcia, JF Quail, PH AF Martinez-Garcia, JF Quail, PH TI The HMG-I/Y protein PF1 stimulates binding of the transcriptional activator GT-2 to the PHYA gene promoter SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IFN-BETA GENE; DNA-BINDING; CHROMOSOMAL-PROTEINS; E-SELECTIN; PHYTOCHROME; EXPRESSION; DOMAINS; ELEMENT; PLANT; I(Y) AB The DNA-binding proteins PF1 and GT-2 are factors that bind to different functionally defined, positively acting cis-elements in the PHYA genes of oat and rice, respectively. PF1 is an HMG-I/Y protein, with its cognate cis-element being an AT-rich sequence, designated PE1, whereas GT-2 is a transcriptional activator with twin DNA binding domains that recognize a triplet of GT-boxes in a complex motif designated GTE. To further define the DNA-binding activity of PF1 and to explore potential inter-relationships between the two factors, we have performed a series of in vitro DNA-binding experiments with both PE1 and GTE target sites. The data show that, consistent with its membership of the HMG-I/Y protein family, PF1 can bend DNA when bound to PE1. In addition, PF1 can bind promiscuously, with varying affinity, to other AT-containing motifs, including GTE. When co-incubated with GT-2, PF1 enhances the specific DNA-binding activity of GT-2 toward GTE, the first report of such activity for a plant HMG-I/Y protein. This enhancement takes place without demonstrable physical contact between the two proteins, suggesting the possibility of a novel, indirect mechanism of recruitment involving DNA target-site pre-conditioning. The evidence indicates therefore that PF1 and GT-2 do not perform functionally equivalent roles in positively regulating oat and rice PHYA gene expression. However, the data suggest the possibility that PF1 may act as an architectural factor, promiscuously recognizing a spectrum of AT-containing elements in plant promoters, with the general function of catalyzing enhanced binding of conventional cognate transcriptional regulators to these elements via DNA bending. C1 ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Quail, PH (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. OI Martinez-Garcia, Jaime/0000-0003-1516-0341 NR 53 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 18 IS 2 BP 173 EP 183 DI 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00440.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 199HE UT WOS:000080474500006 PM 10363369 ER PT J AU Ha, S Moore, PH Heinz, D Kato, S Ohmido, N Fukui, K AF Ha, S Moore, PH Heinz, D Kato, S Ohmido, N Fukui, K TI Quantitative chromosome map of the polyploid Saccharum spontaneum by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization and imaging methods SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE condensation pattern; image analysis; multi-color FISH of 45S and 5S rDNAs; polyploidy; quantitative chromosome map; Saccharum spontaneum L.; wild sugarcane ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; BARLEY CHROMOSOMES; PLANT CHROMOSOMES; ANALYZING SYSTEM; RICE; SEQUENCE; MARKERS; CHIAS AB Somatic chromosomes of a wild relative of sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum L.) anther culture-derived clone (AP 85-361, 2n=32) were identified and characterized by computer-aided imaging technology and molecular cytological methods. The presence of four satellite chromosomes and four nearly identical chromosome sets suggests that the clone is a tetrahaploid with the basic number x=8. A quantitative chromosome map, or idiogram, was developed using image analysis of the condensation pattern (CP) at the prometaphase stage of somatic chromosomes. The 45S and 5S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) loci were simultaneously visualized by multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (McFISH) and precisely localized to the regions of 3p3.1 and 6q1.3 on the idiogram. The simultaneous visualization of two sets of four ribosomal RNA genes confirms tetraploidy of this clone. This conclusion is consistent with results of molecular marker mapping. The quantitative chromosome map produced will become the foundation for genome analyses based on chromosome identity and structure. Previously impossible identification of small chromosomes and untestable hypotheses about the polyploid nature of plants can now be settled with these two approaches of quantitative karyotyping and FISH. C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Biotechnol, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Hawaii Agr Res Ctr, Dept Genet & Pathol, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. ARS, USDA, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. Yamanashi Prefecture Agr Expt Stn, Div Biotechnol, Kitakoma 4070105, Japan. Hokuriku Natl Agr Expt Stn, Lab Rice Genet Engn, Joetsu 9430193, Japan. RP Fukui, K (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Biotechnol, Osaka 5650871, Japan. NR 36 TC 43 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1165 EP 1173 DI 10.1023/A:1006133804170 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 198LM UT WOS:000080425700009 PM 10380803 ER PT J AU Yao, CL Conway, WS Ren, RH Smith, D Ross, GS Sams, CE AF Yao, CL Conway, WS Ren, RH Smith, D Ross, GS Sams, CE TI Gene encoding polygalacturonase inhibitor in apple fruit is developmentally regulated and activated by wounding and fungal infection SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apple fruit; fungal infection; gene induction; polygalacturonase inhibitor ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L; LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT; POLYSACCHARIDE-DEGRADING ENZYMES; HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; DISEASE RESISTANCE GENE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PROTEIN-KINASE; RECEPTOR; PURIFICATION AB A cDNA encoding polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) from mature apple fruit has been cloned and characterized. The open reading frame encodes a polypeptide of 330 amino acids, in which 24 amino acids at the N-terminus comprise the signal peptide. Apple PGIP contains 10 imperfect leucine-rich repeat sequence motifs averaging 24 amino acids in length. In addition to the 1.3 kb PGIP transcript, the cloned cDNA also hybridized to RNA molecules with sizes of 3.2 and 5.0 kb. Genomic DNA analysis revealed that the apple PGIP probably belongs to a small family of genes. PGIP transcript levels varied in fruit collected at different maturities, suggesting the gene is developmentally regulated. Very high PGIP transcript levels were detected in decayed areas and the tissue adjacent to the inoculation sites of Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea. However, no increase in the amount of PGIP transcript in tissue distant from the decayed region was observed. Wounding on fruit also induced PGIP gene expression but to a much lessser extent when compared with decayed areas. After storage at 0 degrees C for 1 month, the abundance of PGIP transcript in ripe fruit was substantially increased. The PGIP gene in immature and ripe fruit was rapidly up-regulated by fungal infections, while in stored fruit the induction was very limited and concurred with an increase of fruit susceptibility to fungal colonization. Since PGIP gene expression is regulated by fruit development and responds to wounding, fungal infection and cold storage, these observations suggest that apple PGIP may have multiple roles during fruit development and stress response. C1 ARS, Hort Crops Qual Lab, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Hort & Food Res Inst New Zealand Ltd, Mt Albert Res Ctr, Auckland, New Zealand. Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. RP Conway, WS (reprint author), ARS, Hort Crops Qual Lab, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 40 TC 62 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 6 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1231 EP 1241 DI 10.1023/A:1006155723059 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 198LM UT WOS:000080425700015 PM 10380809 ER PT J AU Wang, ZK Comstock, JC Hatziloukas, E Schaad, NW AF Wang, ZK Comstock, JC Hatziloukas, E Schaad, NW TI Comparison of PCR, BIO-PCR, DIA, ELISA and isolation on semiselective medium for detection of Xanthomonas albilineans, the causal agent of leaf scald of sugarcane SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bio-PCR; leaf scald; PCR detection; sugarcane; Xanthomonas albilineans ID SYRINGAE PV PHASEOLICOLA; BEAN SEED; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; POLYMERASE; DNA; DISEASE; ASSAY AB Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and newly designed primers, XAF1/XAR1, were tested for selective detection of the causal agent of leaf scald of sugarcane, Xanthomonas albilineans. The efficiency and reliability of PCR were compared with dot immunobinding assay (DIA), ELISA and classical isolation techniques for detecting X. albilineans in suspensions of pure cells and extracts of field-collected stalk and leaf samples of sugarcane. In addition, classical PCR and BIO-PCR (biological amplification followed by PCR) were compared with isolation on a semiselective agar medium. Classical PCR and BIO-PCR techniques had the advantage of not requiring pathogenicity tests to confirm the identity of colonies tentatively identified as X, albilineans on modified semiselective XAM agar medium. The m-XAM medium and BIO-PCR techniques were the most sensitive; however, the former required seven days whereas the latter required only four days. The BIO-PCR technique was as sensitive as the semiselective medium technique and eliminated the need to conduct any additional tests to confirm the identification. C1 USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Wang, ZK (reprint author), SW Agr Univ, Chongqing, Peoples R China. NR 20 TC 26 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 48 IS 2 BP 245 EP 252 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 193HG UT WOS:000080129400013 ER PT J AU Vivanco, JM Savary, BJ Flores, HE AF Vivanco, JM Savary, BJ Flores, HE TI Characterization of two novel type I ribosome-inactivating proteins from the storage roots of the Andean crop Mirabilis expansa SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POKEWEED ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN; FUNGAL GROWTH; ANTIFUNGAL HYDROLASES; PLANT CHITINASES; PEA TISSUE; JALAPA L; INHIBITION; INFECTION; BARLEY; POTATO AB Two novel type I ribossme-inactivating proteins (RIPs) were found in the storage roots of Mirabilis expansa, an underutilized Andean root crop. The two RIPs, named ME1 and ME2, were purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation-exchange perfusion chromatography, and C-4 reverse-phase chromatography. The two proteins were found to be similar in size (27 and 27.5 kD) by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and their isoelectric points were determined to be greater than pH 10.0. Amino acid N-terminal sequencing revealed that both ME1 and ME2 had conserved residues characteristic of RIPs. Amino acid composition and western-blot analysis further suggested a structural similarity between ME1 and ME2. ME2 showed high similarity to the Mirabilis jalapa antiviral protein, a type I RIP. Depurination of yeast 26S rRNA by ME1 and ME2 demonstrated their ribosome-inactivating activity. Because these two proteins were isolated from roots, their antimicrobial activity was tested against root-rot microorganisms, among others. ME1 and ME2 were active against several fungi, including Pythium irregulare, Fusarium oxysporum solani, Alternaria solani, Trichoderma reesei, and Trichoderma harzianum, and an additive antifungal effect of ME1 and ME2 was observed. Antibacterial activity of both ME1 and ME2 was observed against Pseudomonas syringae, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Agrobacterium radiobacter, and others. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, Inst Biotechnol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Flores, HE (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 54 TC 67 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 119 IS 4 BP 1447 EP 1456 DI 10.1104/pp.119.4.1447 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 186PJ UT WOS:000079737900032 PM 10198104 ER PT J AU Wesley, IV Baetz, AL AF Wesley, IV Baetz, AL TI Natural and experimental infections of Arcobacter in poultry SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Arcobacter butzleri; pathogenesis; Beltsville white turkeys; Campylobacter ID SP-NOV; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; DIARRHEAL ILLNESS; BUTZLERI; COLONIZATION; PREVALENCE; SKIRROWII; CHICKENS; FETUSES AB Arcobacter butzleri causes human enteritis and is frequently recovered from poultry carcasses, The purpose of this study was to determine 1) the natural distribution of A. butzleri in poultry and 2) its relative pathogenicity in experimentally infected poultry. Cloacal samples (n = 407) were collected on four occasions from three flocks of chickens. Overall, Arcobacter spp. were recovered from 15% of the birds; A, butzleri was identified in 1% of cloacal samples. Three experimental trials were conducted to determine the susceptibility of birds. In Trial 1, 3-d-old chicks (n = 62) were divided into three groups and infected per os with 1) A. butzleri American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 49616, 2) a suspension of four field strains of A. butzleri isolated from retail purchased chicken, and 3) Campylobacter jejuni (positive control). Arcobacter was not detected in cloacal swabs or in cecal samples of chicks through Day 5 postinfection; C. jejuni was detected in cloacal swabs of all positive control birds. In Trial 2, 5-d-old outbred turkey poults (n = 88) were infected as described above with the addition of a group infected with a suspension of four field strains of A. butzleri from turkey meat. Arcobacter butzleri was recovered from either cloacal swabs or cecal contents of only 6.0% of birds (4 of 67); C. jejuni was recovered from 100% of the positive control birds (n = 21). In Trial 3, 3-d-old turkey poults of the highly inbred Beltsville White strain (n = 141) were experimentally inoculated. In contrast to earlier trials, A. butzleri was recovered overall from the cloacal swabs or tissues of 65% of the turkeys. C1 USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Enter Dis & Food Safety Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Wesley, IV (reprint author), USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Enter Dis & Food Safety Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM iwesley@nadc.ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 78 IS 4 BP 536 EP 545 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 180CP UT WOS:000079367800007 PM 10230906 ER PT J AU Hollister, AG Corrier, DE Nisbet, DJ Deloach, JR AF Hollister, AG Corrier, DE Nisbet, DJ Deloach, JR TI Effects of chicken-derived cecal microorganisms maintained in continuous culture on cecal colonization by Salmonella typhimurium in turkey poults SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; turkey poults; competitive exclusion; PREEMPT (TM) ID COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; DIETARY LACTOSE; BROILER CHICKS; MICROFLORA; METABOLISM; INFECTION AB A characterized, chicken-derived, competitive exclusion culture of cecal bacteria was evaluated for effectiveness in the reduction of Salmonella typhimurium cecal colonization in growing turkey poults. The culture was administered by crop gavage on the day of hatch. All groups were challenged orally on Day 3 with 10(4) S. typhimurium. Compared with untreated controls, the percentage of poults that were Salmonella cecal-culture-positive at 10 d of age was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the poults provided culture. Additionally, the culture-treated poults had significantly (P < 0.05) fewer Salmonella per gram of cecal contents than the controls. The results indicated that treatment of turkey poults with the characterized chicken-derived culture effectively decreased Salmonella cecal colonization. C1 USDA ARS, Food Anim Protect Res Lab, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Dawes Labs, Arlington Heights, IL 60004 USA. MS BioSci Inc, Madison, WI 53704 USA. RP Corrier, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food Anim Protect Res Lab, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 78 IS 4 BP 546 EP 549 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 180CP UT WOS:000079367800008 PM 10230907 ER PT J AU Dickens, JA Buhr, RJ Cason, JA AF Dickens, JA Buhr, RJ Cason, JA TI Subcutaneous temperature profile, skin appearance, and picking efficiency of immersion and spray scalded broiler carcasses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE scalding; temperature profile; defeathering; skin appearance; broiler AB To compare immersion and spray scalding temperature profiles, thermocouples were positioned beneath the skin of broiler carcasses in eight separate locations. The locations were as follows: 1 and 2) the upper left and right breast, 3 and 4) middle of the left and right thigh, 5 and 6) beneath the left and right wing, 7) the lower back above the pygostyle, and 8) the upper back between the wings. Standard immersion scalding at 52 or 56.5 C for 2 min or a prototype spray scalder at 60, 65, or 70 C for 1 min were used to monitor s.c. temperature during scalding. Immersion scalding resulted in an exponential profile with the lower temperature having less temperature deviation for the monitored locations. Among sampling locations, the spray scald temperatures were divergent among locations and the highest temperatures were recorded when thermocouples were within the spray patterns. As with the immersion scalded carcasses, lower temperatures for the spray scalding demonstrated less deviation among the monitored locations and a closer grouping of the final temperatures. The only spray scald temperature tested at which s.c. temperatures approached those of the immersion scalded carcasses was 70 C. Additional carcasses were scalded, picked, and examined for skin appearance and picking efficiency. All carcasses spray scalded for 60 s had a "cooked appearance" when evaluated. When spray scald times were reduced to 30 s, skin appearance improved, but with the exception of the 70 C trial, picking efficiency was poorer. C1 USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, SAA, Poultry Proc & Meat Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Dickens, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, SAA, Poultry Proc & Meat Qual Res Unit, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 78 IS 4 BP 595 EP 599 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 180CP UT WOS:000079367800017 PM 10230916 ER PT J AU Buhr, RJ Rowland, GN AF Buhr, RJ Rowland, GN TI Subcutaneous feather tract denervation does not alter feather retention force ante- and postmortem in broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE feather retention force; denervation; cutaneous nerves; broiler; postmortem AB To determine whether feather retention force (FRF) in 6-wk-old commercial broilers was influenced by the presence or absence of cutaneous innervation, nerve trunks for the pectoral and sternal feather tracts were severed unilaterally (left side) in Trial 1. Ln Trial 2, the sternal subcutaneous nerve trunk was severed either unilaterally (left or right side) or bilaterally. Four days postdenervation, FRF was determined bilaterally either antemortem (immediately prior to stunning) or 2 min after stunning and bleeding (postmortem). In Trial 1, the pectoral feather tract ante- and postmortem FRF values did not differ significantly for innervated or denervated tracts. In this trial, the sternal feather tract ante- and postmortem FRF values were 13% higher (44 g) for the denervated (left side) than for the innervated (right side) treatments. Partitioning this difference into the effects of sample side or innervation could not be attained because only the left side was denervated (left-denervation or right-innervated) in Trial 1. Ln Trial 2, both the left and right sternal feather tracts were represented in equal numbers for the innervated and denervated treatments, and there were no significant differences in FRF related to innervation, left and right side, or ante- and postmortem sample times. The presence or absence of cutaneous nerve innervation does not arrear to influence FRF ante- or postmortem. This finding indicates that treatments disabling the central nervous system antemortem may lower FRF indirectly by altering cutaneous metabolism and therefore have been consistently unsuccessful in substantially altering postmortem FRF. C1 USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Proc & Meat Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Avian Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Proc & Meat Qual Res Unit, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 78 IS 4 BP 608 EP 613 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 180CP UT WOS:000079367800019 PM 10230918 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, DR TI Identity of Syrista Speciosa Mocsary and notes on the genus Urosyrista Maa (Hymenoptera : Cephidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Cephidae; Urosyrista; stem sawflies AB The holotype of Syrista speciosa Mocsary, described from Vietnam, is redescribed and illustrated and confirmed as belonging to the genus Urosyrista Maa. Possible characters are presented to separate it from other species of this southeastern Asian genus. C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1999 VL 101 IS 2 BP 285 EP 289 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 195BH UT WOS:000080228900007 ER PT J AU Nakahara, S Monteiro, RC AF Nakahara, S Monteiro, RC TI Frankliniella zucchini (Thysanoptera : Thripidae), a new species and vector of tospovirus in Brazil SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Frankliniella zucchini n. sp.; Thysanoptera; Thripidae; zucchini; vector; ZLCV; Brazil AB Frankliniella zucchini, new species, is described. It is a vector of a tospovirus that causes zucchini lethal chlorotic disease of Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Caserta in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nakahara, S (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM snakahar@sel.barc.usda.gov NR 4 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1999 VL 101 IS 2 BP 290 EP 294 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 195BH UT WOS:000080228900008 ER PT J AU Pogue, MG Aiello, A AF Pogue, MG Aiello, A TI Description of the immature stages of three species of Eulepidotis guenee (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) with notes on their natural history SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Melicoccus; Sapindaceae; Inga; Mimosaceae; Quararibea; Bombacaceae; host plants; Neotropical; Panama; Puerto Rico ID DEFOLIATION AB Larvae and pupae of the genus Eulepidotis Hubner are described for the first time. The species are E. merricki (Holland), E. juncida (Guenee), and E. superior (Guenee), all of Neotropical distribution. The larval host of E. merricki is Spanish-lime, Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq. (Sapindaceae), which is cultivated as an ornamental and fruit tree throughout the Caribbean. Larvae of E. juncida were reared from Inga fagifolia (L.) Willd. ex Benth. (= Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.) (Mimosaceae). Larvae of E. superior were defoliating Quararibea asterolepis Pitt. (Bombacaceae). C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Pogue, MG (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1999 VL 101 IS 2 BP 300 EP 311 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 195BH UT WOS:000080228900010 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Lill, JT AF Gagne, RJ Lill, JT TI A new nearctic species of Lestodiplosis (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae) preying on an oak leaf tier, Psilocorsis quercicella (Lepidoptera : Oecophoridae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Lestodiplosis; predator; oak leaf tier AB A new species of cecidomyiid, Lestodiplosis venusta Gagne, is described, illustrated, and compared to its most similar congeners. Larvae of the new species were found in Missouri preying on caterpillars of Psilocorsis quercicella Clemens, a leaf skeletonizer of oaks. An unidentified species of Ceraphronidae was reared from pupae of the Lestodiplosis. C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, ARS,Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, ARS,Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RI Lill, John/A-7935-2009 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1999 VL 101 IS 2 BP 332 EP 336 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 195BH UT WOS:000080228900014 ER PT J AU Batra, SWT AF Batra, SWT TI Native bees (Hymenoptera : Apoidea) in native trees: Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. (Cornaceae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Nyssa; Cornaceae; gum; tupelo; Euphorbia; Hedera; insect pollination; bees; competition; reflective nectar; ultraviolet; "sparkle-flowers" ID POLLINATORS; ULTRAVIOLET; FLOWERS AB Nyssa sylvatica (black gum, sour gum, pepperidge) is a functionally dioecious, insect-pollinated, ornamental, native tree that blooms from late May through early June in eastern Maryland. Its small, green flowers were visited for their abundant nectar and pollen by 46 species of native bees in 13 genera, and by other insects. Although honey bees were locally numerous, few (only 1.5% of all sampled bees), visited N. sylvatica and there was no evidence that they displaced native bees on this host. The inconspicuous flowers with vestigial green petals and sepals may attract pollinators by means of the lenslike, spherical droplets of nectar on glaucous floral discs that sparkle in the sunlight, and concentrate and reflect visible and ultraviolet light. Such flowers are here named "sparkle-flowers" (new coinage). C1 USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Batra, SWT (reprint author), USDA, Bee Res Lab, Bldg 476,BARC-E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1999 VL 101 IS 2 BP 449 EP 457 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 195BH UT WOS:000080228900026 ER PT J AU Nakahara, S AF Nakahara, S TI Validation of Neohydatothrips samayunkur (Kudo) (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) for a thrips damaging marigolds (Tagetes spp.) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nakahara, S (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1999 VL 101 IS 2 BP 458 EP 459 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 195BH UT WOS:000080228900027 ER PT J AU Prior, RL Cao, GH AF Prior, RL Cao, GH TI Antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic components of teas: Implications for altering in vivo antioxidant status SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Scientific Symposium on Tea and Human Health CY SEP 14-15, 1998 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Canc Soc ID POTENTIALLY ANTICARCINOGENIC FLAVONOIDS; RADICAL ABSORBENCY CAPACITY; DIFFERENT LIPID SYSTEMS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; BLACK TEA; GREEN TEA; VEGETABLES; EXTRACTS; FRUITS AB The Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay was used to determine the total antioxidant capacity of tea. Green and black teas (n = 18) had a mean antioxidant capacity of 761.1 +/- 85.3 mu mol Trolox Equivalents (TE) per g dry matter. However, their antioxidant capacity varied from 235 mu mol to over 1526 mu mol Trolox equivalents (TE)/g dry matter, and total phenolics ranged from 32 to 147 mg/g in different commercial teas, One tea phenolics extract had an antioxidant capacity of 4796 mu mol TE/g dry matter and 625 mg total phenolics/g. On a dry matter basis, an antioxidant capacity of 761 mu mol TE/g is considerably higher than any of the other fruits and vegetables measured in our laboratory. However, since dry tea is not consumed directly, brewing conditions may influence the final antioxidant capacity in the tea as consumed, We tested both green and black teas by placing one tea bag (1.95 g) in 150 ml (5 oz.) of boiling water. In the first brewed cup, approximately 84% of the total antioxidant activity was solubilized within the first 5 min of brewing, An additional 13% of the antioxidant activity was extracted into the second glass of 150 ml with an additional 5 min of brewing. At the dilutions obtained after the first brewing, the tea as consumed would contain approximately 8.31 mu mol TE per ml. This total antioxidant capacity compares to other drinks from fruits and vegetables that had antioxidant capacity values ranging from 1.6 to 15 mu mol TE/ml. At these antioxidant levels, consumption of 150 ml of tea could make a significant contribution to the total daily antioxidant capacity intake. (-)-Epicatechin and (+)-catechin, two components from tea, had an antioxidant capacity of 2.36 and 2.49 mu mol/mu mol or 8.13 and 8.58 mu mol/mg, respectively. In 16 tea samples we observed a mean of 10.0 +/- 0.6 mu mol TE/mg total phenolics. Tea can be an important source of what has been referred to as "non-nutrient" antioxidant phytochemicals, However, with the variation that exists in antioxidant capacity with various tea preparations, measures of antioxidant capacity intake are critical to the study of intake and health outcomes and/or biomarkers of health outcomes. C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Nutr Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Prior, RL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Agr Res Serv, USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM prior@hnrc.tufts.edu NR 40 TC 105 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 26 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 220 IS 4 BP 255 EP 261 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-44.x PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 179JR UT WOS:000079324000014 PM 10202399 ER PT J AU Beecher, GR Warden, BA Merken, H AF Beecher, GR Warden, BA Merken, H TI Analysis of tea polyphenols SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Scientific Symposium on Tea and Human Health CY SEP 14-15, 1998 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Canc Soc ID BLACK TEA; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; PLASMA; CHROMATOGRAPHY; CONSTITUENTS; CONSUMPTION; FLAVONOIDS; GREEN; URINE; HPLC AB Tea is the most highly consumed beverage in the world, other than water, However, unlike water, tea contains substantial amounts of polyphenols that have unique biological activities and may be responsible for many of the health benefits of tea. As a result, it is essential to be able to measure the various tea-associated polyphenols. Total polyphenol content is currently measured by using methodology based on reducing activity. Several HPLC systems with detectors that, collectively, have wide ranges in sensitivity have been developed for analysis of individual flavonoids in tea and biological samples, and for theaflavins in tea. Catechins also have been measured in plasma by solid phase extraction, addition of a chromophore, and colorimetric quantification. Except for theaflavins in tea, routine and robust methods for the measurement of polyphenol condensation products (dimers and thearubigens) in tea end biological samples have not been developed. Although in vitro and animal studies suggest substantial metabolism of flavonoids in the gastrointestinal tract, only a single HPLC procedure has been assembled for monitoring the metabolic products of quercetin in urine of human subjects. C1 ARS, Food Composit Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Florida Int Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Beecher, GR (reprint author), Room 202,Bldg 161,BARC-E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA61651] NR 31 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 220 IS 4 BP 267 EP 270 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-47.x PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 179JR UT WOS:000079324000016 PM 10202401 ER PT J AU Olsen, SC Bricker, B Palmer, MV Jensen, AE Cheville, NF AF Olsen, SC Bricker, B Palmer, MV Jensen, AE Cheville, NF TI Responses of cattle to two dosages of Brucella abortus strain RB51: serology, clearance and efficacy SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MUTANT STRAINS; VACCINATION; DIFFERENTIATION; MELITENSIS; INFECTION; OVIS; PCR AB A new brucellosis vaccine, Brucella abortus strain RB51 (SRB51), is currently recommended for use as a calfhood vaccine in the us at dosages between 1 x 10(10) and 3.4 x 10(10) colony-forming units (CFU). The purpose of the study reported here was to compare responses to minimal and maximal recommended SRB51 dosages. Eighteen heifer calves were vaccinated subcutaneously with 1.6 x 10(10) CFU of SRB51, 3.2 x 10(10) CFU of SRB51, or saline (n = 6 per treatment). The vaccine strain was recovered from the superficial cervical lymph node 14 weeks after vaccination in two of six animals that received 1.6 x 10(10) CFU SRB51, but not from any cattle vaccinated with 3.2 x 10(10) CFU SRB51. The higher SRB51 dosage stimulated greater antibody titres. Protection against abortion or infection following B. abortus strain 2308 (S2308) challenge was similar for both SRB51 dosages and greater than resistance of non-vaccinates. The vaccine strain was recovered from one heifer and her fetus at necropsy 1 week prior to estimated parturition. Data from this study suggests that SRB51 induces similar protective immunity across the recommended dosage range. The SRB51 vaccine may persist in some cattle into adulthood but the incidence and significance of this persistence remains unknown. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Zoonot Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Olsen, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Zoonot Dis Res Unit, 2300 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 23 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 66 IS 2 BP 101 EP 105 DI 10.1053/rvsc.1998.0251 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 186NK UT WOS:000079735700004 PM 10208887 ER PT J AU Bowman, QP Arnoldi, JM AF Bowman, QP Arnoldi, JM TI Management of animal health emergencies in North America: prevention, preparedness, response and recovery SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE DE L OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE animal health; Canada; disease control; disease prevention; emergency management; Mexico; North America; United States of America AB Animal health emergency management (AHEM) is one of the most important issues confronting the world today and is the key to both food security (safety, quality, wholesomeness, affordability and abundance) and economic stability far many countries. Although the primary objective of emergency management in each of the countries of North America (Canada, Mexico and the United States of America [USA]) is implemented through individual AHEM systems, North America shares four common goals, as follows: preventing the introduction of foreign animal pathogens into North America being prepared to manage the outbreak of a foreign animal disease developing appropriate response strategies for control and eradication of disease taking active measures to recover from the animal health emergency in question. In the course of this paper, the authors provide an introduction to, and overview of, AHEM in North America. Furthermore, they outline the general infrastructure of prevention, preparedness, response and recovery strategies for Canada, Mexico and the USA. Finally, the authors discuss the future of AHEM in North America, concluding with a review of some of the joint activities currently being conducted with regard to AHEM. C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Accreditat Program,Off Director, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Off Administrator, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bowman, QP (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Natl Vet Accreditat Program,Off Director, 4700 River Rd,Unit 33, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD APR PY 1999 VL 18 IS 1 BP 76 EP 103 PG 28 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 175KC UT WOS:000079091500011 PM 10190207 ER PT J AU Deng, XW Quail, PH AF Deng, XW Quail, PH TI Signalling in light-controlled development SO SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE light regulation; signal transduction; photoreceptor; transcription factor; gene expression; protein localization ID DISRUPTS CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT; PHYTOCHROME-A; COP9 COMPLEX; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHOTOSENSORY PERCEPTION; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; FLOWERING-TIME; BZIP PROTEIN AB Plants continuously analyze the nature of environmental light signals using an array of at least eight informational photoreceptors, each with differential functional roles. Molecular and genetic studies are identifying an increasing assembly of potential or established signalling intermediates involved in transducing perceived signals from these photoreceptors to photoresponsive genes. The emerging picture suggests a complex network with both separate and shared early signalling pathway segments which appear to converge to regulate developmentally important genes through a set of master regulators. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Deng, XW (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, POB 208104,165 Prospect St,OML 301, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. FU PHS HHS [NIH 47850, NIH 47475] NR 71 TC 119 Z9 130 U1 3 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1084-9521 J9 SEMIN CELL DEV BIOL JI Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 2 BP 121 EP 129 DI 10.1006/scdb.1999.0287 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 210LE UT WOS:000081106300002 PM 10441064 ER PT J AU Gaude, T McCormick, S AF Gaude, T McCormick, S TI Signaling in pollen-pistil interactions SO SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE pollen-pistil interactions; receptor-like kinases; self-incompatibility; S-locus; SRNases ID SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY RESPONSE; LOCUS RECEPTOR KINASE; TGF-BETA RECEPTOR; S-LOCUS; BRASSICA-OLERACEA; PAPAVER-RHOEAS; NICOTIANA-ALATA; TUBE GROWTH; PETUNIA-INFLATA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AB A complex set of cell-cell interactions is required to achieve fertilization. The pollen grain must be recognized by the pistil, take up water, and grow a pollen tube directionally through the style in order to deliver the sperm to the ovule. In many families of flowering plants, self-fertilization can be prevented by recognition mechanisms that allow self-pollen rejection by the pistil. The self-incompatibility response is under the genetic control of a single multi-allelic locus, the S (Self-incompatibility) locus. There are two major classes of self-incompatibility systems. Gametophytic self-incompatibility has been well characterized in the Solanaceae and in the Papaveraceae, while sporophytic self-incompatibility has been well characterized in the Brassicaceae. In this review article, we present recent advances in understanding the signals mediating pollen recognition and pollen tube growth, in both compatible and incompatible interactions. C1 Ecole Normale Super Lyon, ENSL, INRA,Res Unit Reprod & Dev Plantes, CNRS,UMR 9938, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, UC Berkeley, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Gaude, T (reprint author), Ecole Normale Super Lyon, ENSL, INRA,Res Unit Reprod & Dev Plantes, CNRS,UMR 9938, 46 Allee Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. NR 73 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1084-9521 J9 SEMIN CELL DEV BIOL JI Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 2 BP 139 EP 147 DI 10.1006/scdb.1999.0289 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 210LE UT WOS:000081106300004 PM 10441066 ER PT J AU Filgueira, RR Pachepsky, YA Fournier, LL Sarli, GO Aragon, A AF Filgueira, RR Pachepsky, YA Fournier, LL Sarli, GO Aragon, A TI Comparison of fractal dimensions estimated from aggregate mass-size distribution and water retention scaling SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE water retention; soil aggregates; fractal dimension; fractals ID SOIL POROSITY; FRAGMENTATION; CURVE; EQUATION; MODELS; NUMBER AB Relating soil structure to soil hydraulic properties is an important issue for understanding and managing soil functioning. Fractal models were applied to relate soil water retention and soil structure. One such model developed by Rieu and Sposito (1991a) predicts an equality of(i) soil matrix fractal dimensions derived from 'aggregate bulk density- aggregate size data' and (ii) soil fractal dimensions derived from water retention. The objective of this work was to test the statistical hypothesis of such equality for model soil systems of packed soil aggregates. Typic Argiudol and Typic Argiaquol soils were sampled at eight locations that differed in long-term management practices, Soil water retention was measured at 12 levels of soil matric potential ranging from -1200 to -20 kPa, The 'aggregate hulk density-aggregate size' data were obtained for seven ranges of aggregate sizes from 0.25 to 16 mm, The statistical hypothesis about the equality of mass fractal dimension as derived from the aggregate bulk density data and the scaling dimension of water retention could not be rejected in our study. C1 USDA ARS, Remote Sensing & Modelling Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Natl Univ La Plata, Fac Ciencias Agrarias & Forestales, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Remote Sensing & Modelling Lab, Bldg 007,Rm 008,BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 24 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 164 IS 4 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1097/00010694-199904000-00001 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 192LQ UT WOS:000080080600001 ER PT J AU Seybold, CA Herrick, JE Brejda, JJ AF Seybold, CA Herrick, JE Brejda, JJ TI Soil resilience: A fundamental component of soil quality SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soil resilience; soil resistance; soil quality; assessment; definition; soil function; indicators ID SUSTAINABILITY; DEGRADATION; ECOSYSTEMS; DESERTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; STABILITY; RESOURCE; EROSION AB Soil resilience has recently been introduced into soil science to address sustainability of the soil resource and to combat sail degradation. The concept of soil resilience and its relationship to soil quality have not been well defined or well developed, The main objectives of this paper are to clarify the concept: of soil resilience and its relationship to soil quality and to present a framework for its assessment. A review of the literature on the assessment and quantification of soil resilience is presented and discussed, The concept of soil resilience in combination with resistance is presented as an important component of soil quality, a key element of sustainability. Factors that affect soil resilience and resistance are soil type and vegetation, climate, land use, scale, and disturbance regime. Maintenance of recovery mechanisms after a disturbance is critical for system recovery. Three approaches for assessing soil resilience are presented: (i) directly measuring recovery after a disturbance, (ii) quantifying the integrity of recovery mechanisms after a disturbance, and (iii) measuring properties that serve as indicators of those recovery mechanisms. Research is needed in the development of indicators or quantitative measures of the ability of soils to recover from specific disturbances. C1 Oregon State Univ, USDA NRCS, Soil Qual Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Dept 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Soil Qual Inst, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Seybold, CA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA NRCS, Soil Qual Inst, ALS Bldg,Rm 3017, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM seyboldc@ucs.orst.edu NR 59 TC 143 Z9 158 U1 4 U2 72 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 164 IS 4 BP 224 EP 234 DI 10.1097/00010694-199904000-00002 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 192LQ UT WOS:000080080600002 ER PT J AU Montalvo, JG Faught, SE AF Montalvo, JG Faught, SE TI Headspace resistance standards for the Shirley Developments Ltd. Micromat tester SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSIONS; NIR DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE AB High precision headspace resistance standards (HRS) are developed for the Micromat model of the Shirley Developments Ltd. fineness and maturity tester. The Micromat measures cotton fineness and maturity based on the principle of air permeability through a fixed mass of fibers at two different stages of compression. Differential pressures are the quantities measured, and are related to maturity and fineness by appropriate equations. HRS are mechanical air flow restrictors: we use narrow diameter tubes, needle valves, and metal frits. Air flow rates through the calibration cotton are adjusted to give the declared differential pressure values, and these flows are exactly "transferred" to the HRS. The calibration transfer coefficient beta, defined as the ratio of differential pressure through the HRS material to differential pressure through the calibration cotton, is fixed at beta > 1 to increase sensitivity to Micromat drift. Routine analysis of two sets of cottons is presented based on HRS calibration and control. There is no drift in instrumental readings over the 3-week and 6-week periods required to analyze the sets of cottons. C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Montalvo, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 69 IS 4 BP 269 EP 277 DI 10.1177/004051759906900406 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 187DK UT WOS:000079771500006 ER PT J AU Vivek, BS Ngo, QA Simon, PW AF Vivek, BS Ngo, QA Simon, PW TI Evidence for maternal inheritance of the chloroplast genome in cultivated carrot (Daucus carota L-ssp sativus) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article DE chloroplast DNA; Daucus carota L-ssp sativus; maternal inheritance ID BIPARENTAL INHERITANCE; GENUS DAUCUS; MALE-STERILE; DNA; PLASTIDS AB The incidence and inheritance of a chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) mutation/marker, BP10U, was studied in crosses among cultivated carrots (Daucus carota ssp. sativus). BP10U is about 400 bp larger than the more common BP10L allele. The occurrence of BP10U among carrot inbreds was widespread. Individual plants exhibited only one form of BP10, and cpDNA inheritance was strictly maternal. BP10U only occurred in male-fertile plants. Some male-fertile inbreds and all cytoplasmically male-sterile (petaloid) carrots had the BP10L allele. Alloplasmic cpDNA variation has been reported previously in Daucus, but this is the first report of variation and inheritance of cpDNA within cultivated carrot. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Simon, PW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 16 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 1999 VL 98 IS 5 BP 669 EP 672 DI 10.1007/s001220051119 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 194GZ UT WOS:000080185100001 ER PT J AU Runion, GB Entry, JA Prior, SA Mitchell, RJ Rogers, HH AF Runion, GB Entry, JA Prior, SA Mitchell, RJ Rogers, HH TI Tissue chemistry and carbon allocation in seedlings of Pinus palustris subjected to elevated atmospheric CO2 and water stress SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Critical Assessment of the Response of Forest Ecosystems to Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide CY OCT 10-13, 1997 CL DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA DE biomass; carbohydrate; carbon dioxide; longleaf pine ID LONGLEAF PINE; DECOMPOSITION RATES; ARMILLARIA-OSTOYAE; INSECT PERFORMANCE; NUTRIENT BALANCE; DECIDUOUS TREES; CLIMATE CHANGE; USE EFFICIENCY; LEAF-LITTER; SOIL CARBON AB Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) seedlings were grown in 45-1 pots and exposed to ambient or elevated (365 or 730 mu mol CO2 mol(-1)) CO2 concentration in open-top chambers for 20 months. Two water-stress treatments (target values of -0.5 or -1.5 MPa xylem pressure potential) were imposed 19 weeks after initiation of the study. At harvest, tissues (needles, stems, taproots, coarse roots, and fine roots) were analyzed for carbon (C), nitrogen (N), nonpolar extractives (fats, waxes, and oils), nonstructural carbohydrates (sugars and starch), structural components (cellulose and lignin), and tannins. The greatest dry weights and lowest N concentrations occurred in tissues of plants grown at elevated CO2 or with adequate water. Although allocation of C fractions among tissues was generally unaffected by treatments, concentrations of the analyzed compounds were influenced by treatments in needles and taproots, but not in stems and lateral roots. Needles and taproots of plants exposed to elevated CO2 had increased concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates. Among plant tissues, elevated CO2 caused reductions in structural C concentrations and foliar concentrations of fats, waxes and oils. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36831 USA. USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soil Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA 31770 USA. RP Runion, GB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, POB 3439, Auburn, AL 36831 USA. NR 55 TC 40 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 16 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 19 IS 4-5 BP 329 EP 335 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 181NB UT WOS:000079446400015 ER PT J AU Kirkpatrick, JG Helman, RG Burrows, GE vonTungeln, D Lehenbauer, T Tyrl, RJ AF Kirkpatrick, JG Helman, RG Burrows, GE vonTungeln, D Lehenbauer, T Tyrl, RJ TI Evaluation of hepatic changes and weight gains in sheep grazing Kochia scoparia SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUTRITIVE-VALUE; CATTLE; HAY AB Sixteen Western Whiteface ewes were divided into 2 groups to determine the effects of plant maturity on liver function and weight gains. They were allowed to graze a greater than 95% pure stand of Kochia scoparia for 72 or 55 d. Four additional sheep (controls) were placed on weedy Bermuda grass pasture with the same water supply as the kochia-fed sheep. Body weights were determined on June 5, 1996 and on removal from the kochia pasture. Blood samples were collected at approximately 7-d intervals for serum chemistry profiles. Kochia scoparia plant samples were also randomly collected at 5-6 w intervals, oven dried, identified by date of collection and stored for later nutrient, oxalate, nitrate and sulfate analysis. Liver biopsies were performed pre-, mid- and post-study to assess morphologic changes. An almost exclusive diet (>95%) of Kochia scoparia resulted in minimal elevations in serum GGT, suggesting mild hepatocellular injury, but was not associated with overt hepatic lesions or clinical disease. Other serum chemistry measurements were within normal ranges. Unlike for other domestic animal species, Kochia scoparia may be a useful grazing forage for sheep, offering little risk of toxicosis. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Med & Surg, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USDA, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Kirkpatrick, JG (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Med & Surg, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB PI MANHATTAN PA KANSAS STATE UNIV, MANHATTAN, KS 66506-5606 USA SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 41 IS 2 BP 67 EP 70 PG 4 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA 178NP UT WOS:000079272800002 PM 10192132 ER PT J AU Silva, AM Weiblen, R Irigoyen, LF Roehe, PM Sur, HJ Osorio, FA Flores, EF AF Silva, AM Weiblen, R Irigoyen, LF Roehe, PM Sur, HJ Osorio, FA Flores, EF TI Experimental infection of sheep with bovine herpesvirus type-5 (BHV-5): acute and latent infection SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bovine herpesvirus type-5; experimental infection; sheep-viruses; latency; encephalitis ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE; VIRUS; ENCEPHALITIS; ANTIBODIES; CALVES; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; VARIANTS AB We demonstrated that sheep are susceptible to acute and latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 (BHV-5). Lambs inoculated intranasally with two South American BHV-5 isolates replicated the virus with titers up to 10(7.1) TCID50/ml for up to 15 days and showed mild signs of rhinitis, Four lambs in contact with the inoculated animals acquired the infection and excreted virus for up to seven days. One lamb developed progressive signs of neurological disease and was euthanized in extremis. Clinical signs consisted of tremors of the face, bruxism, ptyalism, incoordination, lateral flexion of the neck and head, circling, walking backwards, recumbency and paddling, The virus was detected in the anterior and posterior cerebrum, dorso- and ventro-lateral cortex, cerebellum, pens, midbrain and olfactory bulb. Viral nucleic acids were demonstrated in neurons and astrocytes of the anterior and ventro-lateral cortex by in situ hybridization. Histological changes consisting of nonsuppurative meningitis, perivascular mononuclear cuffing, focal gliosis, neuronal necrosis and intranuclear inclusions were observed in the anterior cerebrum, ventro-lateral cortex and midbrain. Dexamethasone treatment at Day 50 pi resulted in reactivation of the latent infection and virus shedding in 13/16 (81%) of the lambs. Together with previous reports of BHV-5 antibodies in sheep, these findings show that sheep are fully susceptible to BHV-5 suggesting that infection by BHV-5 in sheep may occur naturally. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Med Vet Prevent, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, Brazil. Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, Brazil. Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Patol, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, Brazil. Inst Pesquisas Desiderio Finamor, IPVDF, Eldorado Do Sul, Brazil. Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Dept Microbiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. USDA, Agr Res Ctr, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Flores, EF (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Med Vet Prevent, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, Brazil. EM flores@ccr.ufsm.br RI Roehe, Paulo/K-1208-2012; Weiblen, Rudi/H-7003-2014; flores, eduardo/H-5125-2016; OI Weiblen, Rudi/0000-0002-1737-9817; Roehe, Paulo /0000-0002-2370-7661 NR 38 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 66 IS 2 BP 89 EP 99 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 182XA UT WOS:000079522400001 PM 10227471 ER PT J AU Himmelsbach, DS Khahili, S Akin, DE AF Himmelsbach, DS Khahili, S Akin, DE TI Near-infrared-Fourier-transform-Raman microspectroscopic imaging of flax stems SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Advanced Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (AIRS III) CY JUL 05-09, 1998 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA DE FT-Raman; imaging; flax; waxes; lignin; cellulose; polysaccharides ID SPECTROSCOPY AB Near-infrared-Fourier-transform-Raman (NIR-FT-Raman) microscopy was employed to image and subsequently produce in situ maps of the distribution of chemical components in flax (Linum usitatissimum,nan L.) stem tissue. Thick(similar to 80 mu m) cross-sections of flax were cryotomed, thawed, equilibrated at 85% RH for >3 h and sealed under cover glasses on gold-mirrored microscope slides. Spectra for each image pixel were collected from selected tissue sections over the Raman shifted region 3600-300 cm(-1) at 16 cm(-1) with 256-512 scans and employing similar to 185 mW of focused laser power at the sample. A computer controlled automated microscope stage was used to collect area maps of 50-150 mu m in rectangular dimensions in 6-10 mu m steps and register them to the visible images that were captured using a CCD camera. Data collection required 8-10 h per image. Chemical profiles were produced from area integrations of specific spectral regions. The chemical profiles showed the location of all of the major components of flax by anatomical cell type. A sharp shoulder at 2850 cm(-1) in the CH stretch region provided evidence of waxes in the cuticular/epidermal tissue. The bands occurring around 1600 cm(-1), due to aromatic ring stretching vibrations, gave evidence of lignin in core tissue and pigments in epidermal tissue. Bands occurring between 1175-1050 cm(-1), due to COC heavy atom mixed mode vibrations, showed the greatest concentration of carbohydrate in fiber cells with lesser (but significant) amounts indicated in core tissue. In addition, bands occurring between 870-800, 515-476 and 400-360 cm(-1) gave specific evidence for the presence of pectins, other non-cellulosic polysaccharides and cellulose, respectively, in parenchyma tissue. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Prod, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Himmelsbach, DS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. NR 6 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 19 IS 2 BP 361 EP 367 DI 10.1016/S0924-2031(98)00065-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 196UZ UT WOS:000080327100028 ER PT J AU Stephensen, CB Casebolt, DB Gangopadhyay, NN AF Stephensen, CB Casebolt, DB Gangopadhyay, NN TI Phylogenetic analysis of a highly conserved region of the polymerase gene from 11 coronaviruses and development of a consensus polymerase chain reaction assay SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coronavirus; polymerase gene; consensus PCR ID TURKEY ENTERIC CORONAVIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GENOMIC SEQUENCE; VIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; MOTIFS; 229E AB Viruses in the genus Coronavirus rw are currently placed in three groups based on antigenic cross-reactivity and sequence analysis of structural protein genes. Consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were used to obtain cDNA, then cloned and sequenced a highly conserved 922 nucleotide region in open reading frame (ORF) Ib of the polymerase (pol) gene from eight coronaviruses. These sequences were compared with published sequences for three additional coronaviruses. In this comparison. it was found that nucleotide substitution frequencies (per 100 nucleotides) varied from 46.30 to 50.13 when viruses were compared among the traditional coronavirus groups and, with one exception (the human coronavirus (HCV) 229E), varied from 2.54 to 15.89 when compared within these groups. (The substitution frequency for 229E, as compared to other members of the same group, varied from 35.37 to 35.72.) Phylogenetic analysis of these pol gene sequences resulted in groupings which correspond closely with the previously described groupings, including recent data which places the two avian coronaviruses-infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) of chickens and turkey coronavirus (TCV)-in the same group [Guy, J.S., Barnes, H.J., Smith L.G., Breslin, J., 1997. Avian Dis. 41:583-590]. A single pair of degenerate primers was identified which amplify a 251 bp region from coronaviruses of all three groups using the same reaction conditions. This consensus PCR assay for the genus Coronavirus may be useful in identifying as yet unknown coronaviruses. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Comparat Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Stephensen, CB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 3243 Meyer Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P40 RR00463] NR 27 TC 81 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 2 BP 181 EP 189 DI 10.1016/S0168-1702(99)00017-9 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 205YB UT WOS:000080847500007 PM 10392726 ER PT J AU Protzman, RS Lee, PH Ong, SK Moorman, TB AF Protzman, RS Lee, PH Ong, SK Moorman, TB TI Treatment of formulated atrazine rinsate by Agrobacterium radiobacter strain J14a in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE atrazine; biodegradation; biofilm; agricultural chemicals ID MINERALIZATION; METABOLITES; PSEUDOMONAS; WATER; SOIL AB A sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was developed to treat dilute formulated rinsate of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] from an agricultural chemical formulation Facility. The SBBR was inoculated with Agrobacterium bacteria strain J14a. Hydraulic residence times (HRTs) and different carbon sources were varied to determine their effects on the rate of degradation of atrazine and chemical oxygen demand (COD) by the biomass. The degradation rate of atrazine by J14a was enhanced when a supplemental carbon source was added. An initial concentration of 30 mg/L of atrazine with citrate and sucrose as carbon sources was degraded to less than 1 mg/L within 12 h for a 2 d hydraulic residence time (HRT) at room temperature of 22 degrees C. The first order degradation rare constant for 2 d HRT was approximately 0.44 +/- 0.03 h(-1) For a HRT of 7 d, more than 90% of atrazine were degraded within 45 h. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Synder & Assoc, Ankeny, IA USA. USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ong, SK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Ong, Say Kee/H-7026-2013 OI Ong, Say Kee/0000-0002-5008-4279 NR 14 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1399 EP 1404 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00358-3 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 182EJ UT WOS:000079485400008 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA LaMorte, RL Pinter, PJ Wall, GW Hunsaker, DJ Adamsen, FJ Leavitt, SW Thompson, TL Matthias, AD Brooks, TJ AF Kimball, BA LaMorte, RL Pinter, PJ Wall, GW Hunsaker, DJ Adamsen, FJ Leavitt, SW Thompson, TL Matthias, AD Brooks, TJ TI Free-air CO2 enrichment and soil nitrogen effects on energy balance and evapotranspiration of wheat SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; RADIATIVE SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; 1989 FACE EXPERIMENT; WATER-USE; DOWNWIND EVOLUTION; LOCAL ADVECTION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SCALAR FLUXES; SAP FLOW; COTTON AB In order to determine the likely effects of the increasing atmospheric CO, concentration on future evapotranspiration, ET, plots of field-grown wheat were exposed to concentrations of 550 mu mol/mol CO2 (or 200 mu mol/mol above current ambient levels of about 360 mu mol/mol) using a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) facility. Data were collected for four growing seasons at ample water and fertilizer (high N) and for two seasons when soil nitrogen was limited (low N). Measurements were made of net radiation, R-n; soil heat flux; air and soil temperatures; canopy temperature, T-s; and wind speed. Sensible heat flux was calculated from the wind and temperature measurements. ET, that is, latent heat flux, was determined as a residual in the energy balance. The FACE treatment increased daytime T-s about 0.6 degrees and 1.1 degrees C at high and low N, respectively. Daily total R-n was reduced by 1.3% at both levels of N. Daily ET was consistently lower in the FACE plots, by about 6.7% and 19.5% for high and low N, respectively. C1 USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. Univ Arizona, Maricopa Agr Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, 4331 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. NR 50 TC 96 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1179 EP 1190 DI 10.1029/1998WR900115 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 181FH UT WOS:000079430100021 ER PT J AU Lisle, TE Hilton, S AF Lisle, TE Hilton, S TI Fine bed material in pools of natural gravel bed channels SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SPAWNING GRAVELS; RIVER; CALIFORNIA; STREAMS; ENTRAINMENT; DEPOSITION; LOAD; SAND; AGGRADATION AB Natural gravel bed channels commonly contain a fine mode of sand and fine gravel that fills voids of the bed framework of coarser gravel. If the supply of fine bed material exceeds the storage capacity of framework voids, excess fine material forms surficial patches, which can be voluminous in pools during low flow. Data collected in 34 natural channels in northern California and southern Oregon indicate the following. (1) Fine material on the bed surface can be readily winnowed and transported at high particle velocities, much of it in intermittent suspension. Fine material can dominate the bed material load in gravel bed channels, but its abundance on the bed surface is limited by its increasing mobility as hiding places among prominent particles are filled. (2) Fine material in pools is typically replaced many times per year. (3) The proportion V* of residual pool volume filled with fine bed material correlates with annual sediment yield in channels whose parent material produces abundant sandy sediment. (4) Temporal and spatial changes in V* appear to correspond to variations in the balance between sediment inputs and water discharge. These results suggest that V* can be used to monitor and evaluate the supply of excess fine material in gravel bed channels and that samples of fine material in pools can characterize the fine, mobile mode of bed material load. C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Lisle, TE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Redwood Sci Lab, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. NR 64 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1291 EP 1304 DI 10.1029/1998WR900088 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 181FH UT WOS:000079430100030 ER PT J AU Abbas, HK Pantone, DJ Paul, RN AF Abbas, HK Pantone, DJ Paul, RN TI Characteristics of multiple-seeded cocklebur: A biotype of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) #(3) XANST; cocklebur biotype; multiple-seedling cocklebur; apomixis; biology ID COMPETITION AB A new biotype of common cocklebur, called multiple-seeded cocklebur (MSC), was found in Bell County, TX, in 1994. MSC has up to 25 seeds per bur, usually producing up to nine seedlings, whereas normal common cocklebur (NCC) has two seeds per bur which usually produce only one seedling. MSC burs are large, round, covered with hairy spines or prickles, and flattened on one end, with each seed terminated by a beak. Leaf morphology differs among the biotypes, and stems of MSC are straighter and smoother than NCC. Apomixis occurred with MSC but not with NCC. Both biotypes have potential dormancy with germination occurring in the second growing season. MSC produces increased numbers of seedlings which increases the difficulty in controlling common cocklebur. C1 USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Paul, RN (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 257 EP 263 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 226PV UT WOS:000082029100010 ER PT J AU Rao, AS Reddy, KN AF Rao, AS Reddy, KN TI Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) response to glyphosate mixtures with ALS-inhibiting herbicides SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlorimuron; ethyl 2-[[[[4-chloro-6-methoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]ben zoate; glyphosate; isopropylamine salt of N-(phosphonomethyl); glycine; MON 12,000 (proposed common name, halosulfuron); Methyl 5-[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl; aminosulfonyl]-3-chloro; 1-methyl-; 1-H-pyrazole-4; carboxylate; imazamox; ammonium salt of 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-; methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5(methoxymethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxyl ic acid; imazaquin; 2-[4,5-dihydro4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-o; xo-1H-imadazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic; acid; pyrithiobac; sodium salt of 2-chloro-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)thio]benzoic acid; purple nutsedge; Cyperus rotundus L. #3 CYPRO; sicklepod; Senna obtusifolia (L). Irwin and Barneby#CASOB.; Additive; antagonism; chlorimuron; imazamox; imazaquin; interactions; MON 12,000; pyrithiobac; CYPRO; CASOB ID CASSIA-OBTUSIFOLIA; CHLORIMURON; MANAGEMENT; ESCULENTUS; IPOMOEA; 2,4-DB; YELLOW; SEED AB Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate potential interactions among glyphosate mixtures with five acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides (chlorimuron, imazamox, imazaquin, MON 12,000, or pyrithiobac) for the control of purple nutsedge and sicklepod at two growth stages. Herbicides were tested alone at 0.5 x and 1 x rates (Ix being suggested use rate for these herbicides) and in combination with glyphosate at 560 (0.5x) and 1,120 (1x) g ai/ha on 3-wk-old plants and at 1,120 g/ha on B-wk-old plants. Glyphosate alone at 1,120 g/ha gave complete control of purple nutsedge and at least 78% control of sicklepod regardless of growth stage. In 3-wk-old purple nutsedge plants, three of the 20 herbicide combinations were antagonistic and 17 combinations were additive, whereas all five combinations were additive in B-wk-old plants. In sicklepod, eight combinations were antagonistic and 12 combinations were additive in 3-wk-old plants, and all five combinations were antagonistic in 6-wk-old plants. In 3-wk-old plants, the glyphosate (0.5x) plus imazaquin (0.5x) combination resulted in highest antagonism in purple nutsedge control (79%), and the combination of glyphosate (0.5x) plus imazamox (0.5x) resulted in highest antagonism in sicklepod control (54%). These results indicate that mixing chlorimuron, imazamox, imazaquin, MON 12,000, or pyrithiobac with glyphosate does not increase glyphosate efficacy on purple nutsedge or sicklepod. C1 USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Reddy, KN (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 361 EP 366 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 226PV UT WOS:000082029100026 ER PT J AU Gamble, HR Brady, RC Dubey, JP AF Gamble, HR Brady, RC Dubey, JP TI Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic pigs in the New England states SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; pigs; modified agglutination test; risk assessment; New England states ID RISK-FACTORS; SWINE; TRANSMISSION; SPECIFICITY; ILLINOIS; SOWS AB To determine regional prevalence of infection with Toxoplasma gondii, 1897 pigs from 85 farms in five New England states were tested using a modified direct agglutination test. Sera were diluted 1:25 and a titer at this dilution was indicative of T. gondii infection. Farm management questionnaires were completed at the time of blood collection and were used to develop descriptive statistics on farms tested and to determine measures of association for risk factors for the presence of T. gondii-seropositive pigs. A total of 900 seropositive pigs were identified for a prevalence rate of 47.4%. Of 85 herds tested, 77 had at least one positive pig for a herd prevalence rate of 90.6%. Within herd prevalence ranged from 4% to 100% (mean = 48.4%). All farms studied had one or more risk factors for exposure to T. gondii. However, statistical associations with individual risks could not be made, most likely due to the extremely high prevalence. The results obtained here suggest that education on farm management practices to reduce exposure to T. gondii should be targeted to include small producers. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv Vet Serv, Sutton, MA 01590 USA. RP Gamble, HR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 15 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 31 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S0304-4017(99)00004-7 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 187WU UT WOS:000079811900004 PM 10321584 ER PT J AU van Bennekum, AM Li, L Piantedosi, R Shamir, R Vogel, S Fisher, EA Blaner, WS Harrison, EH AF van Bennekum, AM Li, L Piantedosi, R Shamir, R Vogel, S Fisher, EA Blaner, WS Harrison, EH TI Carboxyl ester lipase overexpression in rat hepatoma cells and CEL deficiency in mice have no impact on hepatic uptake or metabolism of chylomicron-retinyl ester SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SALT-STIMULATED LIPASE; PALMITATE HYDROLASE ACTIVITY; CHOLESTERYL ESTER; HUMAN-MILK; ACTIVATED LIPASE; BINDING PROTEIN; LIVER; HYDROLYSIS; ACID; PURIFICATION AB To study the role of carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) in hepatic retinoid (vitamin A) metabolism, we investigated uptake and hydrolysis of chylomicron (CM)-retinyl esters (RE) by rat hepatoma (McArdle-RH7777) cells stably transfected with a rat CEL cDNA. We also studied tissue uptake of CM-RE in CEL-deficient mice generated by targeted disruption of the CEL gene. CEL-transfected cells secreted active enzyme into the medium. However, both control and CEL-transfected cells accumulated exogenously added CM-RE or CM remnant (CMR)-derived RE in equal amounts. Serum clearance of intravenously injected CM-RE and cholesteryl ester were not different between wild-type and CEL-deficient mice. Also, the uptake of the two compounds by the liver and other tissues did not differ. These data indicate that the lack of CEL expression does not affect the uptake of dietary CM-RE by the liver or other tissues. Moreover, the percentage of retinol formed in the liver after CM-RE uptake, the levies of retinol and retinol-binding protein in serum, and retinoid levels in various tissues did not differ, indicating that CEL deficiency does not affect hepatic retinoid metabolism and retinoid distribution throughout the body. Surprisingly, in both pancreas and liver of wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous CEL-deficient mice, the levels of bile salt-dependent retinyl ester hydrolase (REH) activity were similar. This indicates that in the mouse pancreas and liver an REH enzyme activity, active in the presence of bile salt and distinct from GEL, is present, compatible with the results from our accompanying paper that the intestinal processing and absorption of RE were unimpaired in CEL-deficient mice. C1 Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Philadelphia, PA 19129 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Cardiovasc Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA. Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Harrison, EH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Bldg 308,Room 101, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52444, R01 DK044498, DK44498] NR 40 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 30 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 13 BP 4150 EP 4156 DI 10.1021/bi981680+ PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 182QZ UT WOS:000079510800037 PM 10194331 ER PT J AU Lee, B Dennis, JA Healy, PJ Mull, B Pastore, L Yu, H Aguilar-Cordova, E O'Brien, W Reeds, P Beaudet, AL AF Lee, B Dennis, JA Healy, PJ Mull, B Pastore, L Yu, H Aguilar-Cordova, E O'Brien, W Reeds, P Beaudet, AL TI Hepatocyte gene therapy in a large animal: A neonatal bovine model of citrullinemia SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ADENOVIRUS-INFECTED HEPATOCYTES; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; IN-VIVO; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; VIRAL-ANTIGENS; UREA SYNTHESIS; INBORN-ERRORS; ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHETASE; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; FACTOR-IX AB The development of gene-replacement therapy for inborn errors of metabolism has been hindered by the limited number of suitable large-animal models of these diseases and by inadequate methods of assessing the efficacy of treatment. Such methods should provide sensitive detection of expression in vivo and should be unaffected by concurrent pharmacologic and dietary regimens. We present the results of studies in a neonatal bovine model of citrullinemia, an inborn error of urea-cycle metabolism characterized by deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase and consequent life-threatening hyperammonemia. Measurements of the flux of nitrogen from orally administered (NH4)-N-15 to [N-15]urea were used to determine urea-cycle activity in vivo. In control animals, these isotopic measurements proved to be unaffected by pharmacologic treatments. Systemic administration of a first-generation E1-deleted adenoviral vector expressing human argininosuccinate synthetase resulted in transduction of hepatocytes and partial correction of the enzyme defect. The isotopic method showed significant restoration of urea synthesis. Moreover, the calves showed clinical improvement and normalization of plasma glutamine levels after treatment. The results show the clinical efficacy of treating a large-animal model of an inborn error of hepatocyte metabolism in conjunction with a method for sensitively measuring correction in vivo. These studies will be applicable to human trials of the treatment of this disorder and other related urea-cycle disorders. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Howard Hughes Med Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Elizabeth Macarthur Agr Inst, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia. RP Lee, B (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM blee@bcm.tmc.edu RI Pastore, Lucio/F-4668-2010; OI Mull, Benjamin/0000-0001-8379-873X; Pastore, Lucio/0000-0001-6894-9317 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL51754]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK02407] NR 36 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 30 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 7 BP 3981 EP 3986 DI 10.1073/pnas.96.7.3981 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182PT UT WOS:000079507900114 PM 10097149 ER PT J AU Erickson, FL Dinesh-Kumar, SP Holzberg, S Ustach, CV Dutton, M Handley, V Corr, C Baker, BJ AF Erickson, FL Dinesh-Kumar, SP Holzberg, S Ustach, CV Dutton, M Handley, V Corr, C Baker, BJ TI Interactions between tobacco mosaic virus and the tobacco N gene SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Tobacco Mosaic Virus - Pioneering Research for a Century CY AUG 07-08, 1998 CL EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SP Royal Soc Edinburgh, Royal Soc DE tobacco mosaic virus; N gene; plant disease resistance; gene-for-gene disease resistance; crop genetic engineering; plant-pathogen interactions ID PLANT-DISEASE RESISTANCE; LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT; SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTORS; PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; CELL-DEATH; PTO KINASE; TOMATO; PROTEIN; HOST AB The interaction between tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tobacco harbouring the N gene is a classical system for studying gene-for-gene interactions in disease resistance. The N gene confers resistance to TMV by mediating defence responses that function to limit viral replication and movement. We isolated the N gene and determined that N belongs to the nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich-repeat (NBS LRR) class of plant disease resistance genes, and encodes both full-length and truncated proteins. Sequence homologies and mutagenesis studies indicated a signalling role for the N protein similar to that seen for proteins involved in defence responses in insects and mammals. The jy gene confers resistance to TMV in transgenic tomato, demonstrating the use of the NBS-LRR class of disease resistance genes in engineering crop resistance. From the pathogen side of this interaction, the TMV 126 kDa replicase protein has been implicated as the avirulence factor that triggers N-mediated defence responses. We employed Agrobacterium-mediated expression strategies to demonstrate that expression of the putative helicase region of the replicase protein is sufficient to elicit N-mediated defences. The thermosensitivity of the N-mediated response to TMV is retained when induced by expression of this replicase fragment. Thus, both components of this gene-for-gene interaction are now available for studies that address the molecular mechanisms involved in N-mediated TMV resistance. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Baker, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Dinesh-Kumar, Savithramma/E-1153-2011; Baker, Barbara/L-7198-2016 OI Baker, Barbara/0000-0002-1276-971X FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI10135-01] NR 43 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC LONDON PI LONDON PA 6 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T ROY SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 29 PY 1999 VL 354 IS 1383 BP 653 EP 658 DI 10.1098/rstb.1999.0417 PG 6 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 184RJ UT WOS:000079626500016 PM 10212945 ER PT J AU Wu, HG Michler, CH LaRussa, L Davis, JM AF Wu, HG Michler, CH LaRussa, L Davis, JM TI The pine Pschi4 promoter directs wound-induced transcription SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE angiosperm; bombardment; gymnosperm; promoter; wounding ID NUCLEAR-PROTEIN; II GENE; EXPRESSION; CHITOSAN; TOBACCO; PLANTS AB Mechanical wounding stimulates the accumulation of Pschi4 transcripts (encoding a putative extracellular chitinase) in pine trees. To gain insight into the transcriptional regulatory region(s) in this gymnosperm defense gene, the 5'-flanking region of Pschi4 was fused to the uidA reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (GUS), and the construct was functionally tested for transient expression in onion and pine cells. As little as 200 bp of the upstream sequence was sufficient to promote activated transcription and nearly maximum levels of transient expression in onion cells. Similar results were obtained in bombarded pine cells, although maximum expression appeared to require the entire 4.5 kb of upstream sequence. Having defined potential regulatory regions in the 5' flanking region of Pschi4 in transient assays, the pine promoter-tridA fusions were functionally tested in stably transformed tobacco plants. As little as 200 bp of the upstream sequence was sufficient to direct wound-inducible transcription. Furthermore, particle bombardment was sufficient to stimulate transgene expression in the transgenic tobacco, indicating that bombardment per se leads to wound responses in vivo. Taken as a whole, our data demonstrate that a gymnosperm promoter can recruit a wound-regulated signal transduction pathway in angiosperms. This suggests that the downstream components of wound signaling pathways are functionally conserved across broad taxonomic groups. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Plant Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. US Forest Serv, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Davis, JM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Plant Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD MAR 29 PY 1999 VL 142 IS 2 BP 199 EP 207 DI 10.1016/S0168-9452(99)00009-6 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 197KN UT WOS:000080364100009 ER PT J AU Chandler, DG Bisogni, JJ AF Chandler, DG Bisogni, JJ TI The use of alkalinity as a conservative tracer in a study of near-surface hydrologic change in tropical karst SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydrology; tracer; interflow; karst; runoff ID HAFREN FOREST STREAM; MID-WALES; PHILIPPINES; EROSION AB Water shortages commonly increase in frequency following forest clearance on lauds overlying karst in the tropics. The mechanism underlying this hydrologic change is likely to depend on the land use which follows forest cover. To determine the flow paths which prevail for a progression of land uses common to the uplands of Leyte, Philippines, samples of interflow were collected during the rainy season and titrated to determine their alkalinities. The ratio of the measured alkalinity to the value predicted by equilibrium calculations for each sample was used as an indication of the contact time of the water with the limestone. The responses of the alkalinity saturation ratio and the runoff depth to increasing rainfall depth were used to substantiate the hypothesis that epikarst infilling and changing soil structure create throttles to percolation and infiltration. The forest site was found to generate interflow primarily as pipe how, with the infiltration and percolation throttles rarely exceeded. Similarly, infiltration was not: limiting for the slash/mulch Site, however, level of soil disturbance was adequate to initiate a throttle at the epikarst which increased the volume of interflow generated. The total percolation was similar for the plowed and slash/mulch sites; however, the interflow was decreased at the plowed site by reduced infiltration at the soil surface. The throttles to surface infiltration and epikarst percolation were even greater at the pasture sites, resulting in high runoff generation. However, comparatively greater infiltration was observed in the pasture having contour-hedgerows. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Chandler, DG (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 213 Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Chandler, David/E-4543-2013 OI Chandler, David/0000-0002-8662-2892 NR 30 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 216 IS 3-4 BP 172 EP 182 DI 10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00006-2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 178XA UT WOS:000079293400002 ER PT J AU Wiermann, C Way, TR Horn, R Bailey, AC Burt, EC AF Wiermann, C Way, TR Horn, R Bailey, AC Burt, EC TI Effect of various dynamic loads on stress and strain behavior of a Norfolk sandy loam SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE soil stress; soil strain; dynamic load; stress state transducer; displacement transducer system ID SUBSOIL COMPACTION; SOIL; PERSISTENCE; EXTENT; YIELD AB Field traffic by heavy agricultural machinery can cause serve structural degradation of arable land. This may result in surface runoff, restricted availability of water, oxygen and nutrients to plant roots and therefore in reduced crop yields. In order to prevent these impacts and to develop appropriate counter-measures the complete compaction process must be understood. In this study the effect of increasing dynamic loads on the stress and strain relationship was examined using a stress state transducer (SST) attached to a displacement transducer system (DTS). Three different dynamic loads, ranging from 13.2 to 25.3 kN, were applied each by two passes on a firm sandy loam (Typic Kandiudults) at 10% wheel slip. During the first pass the calculated major principal (sigma(1)), mean normal (MNS) and octahedral shear stresses (OCTSS) increased significantly with increasing dynamic loads. For the second pass in contrast to these calculated stress values, except the major principal (sigma(1)), were not affected by the applied dynamic loads. While the vertical displacement of the transducer during the first pass was more than doubled with each dynamic load step, the soil volume element above the transducer was vertically deformed at a constant rate of 25%, independent of the dynamic load. Since no further vertical deformation of this soil volume element was induced by the second pass and additional vertical soil movement was detected, soil compaction is expected to progress to deeper soil layers as the dynamic load and the wheeling frequency increases. Thus the reduction of wheel loads and the avoidance of repeated wheeling events in one tire track may contribute to a sustainable land management of firm soils. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kiel, Inst Plant Nutr & Soil Sci, D-24118 Kiel, Germany. ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36831 USA. RP Wiermann, C (reprint author), Univ Kiel, Inst Plant Nutr & Soil Sci, Olshausenstr 40, D-24118 Kiel, Germany. NR 27 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 50 IS 2 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S0167-1987(98)00199-8 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 188PU UT WOS:000079857800003 ER PT J AU Tolk, JA Howell, TA Evett, SR AF Tolk, JA Howell, TA Evett, SR TI Effect of mulch, irrigation, and soil type on water use and yield of maize SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE residue management; mulch; evapotranspiration; lysimeter; water use efficiency ID STRAW-MULCH; ZEA-MAYS; SORGHUM; CORN; EVAPORATION; TILLAGE; RESIDUE; WHEAT; ROW; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB Tillage practices that maintain crop residues on the soil surface help reduce evaporation of soil water, which can benefit high water use crops such as maize (Zea mays L.). Management practices, climatic conditions, and soil type may affect how well a crop responds to surface residue. We conducted experiments with short season maize in 1994 and 1995 in Bushland, TX, USA, utilizing a rain shelter facility that has lysimeters containing monolithic cores of the Pullman (fine, mixed, thermic Torrertic Paleustolls), the Ulysses (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Aridic Haplustolls), and the Amarillo (fine-loamy, mixed, thermic Aridic Paleustalfs) soil series. In 1994, the treatments were a flat wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw and coconut (Cocus nucifera L.) fiber mulch of 4 Mg ha(-1) with infrequent irrigations totaling 25% and 75% of long-term average rainfall for the growing season (200 mm). The 1995 treatments were similar, but used a heavier mulch of 6.7 Mg ha(-1) and more frequent irrigations totaling 60% and 100% of long-term average rainfall. The mulch was applied at the 3-leaf growth stage. Mean potential grass reference evapotranspiration for the vegetative and reproductive growth stages in 1994 was 6.6 and 6.3 mm day(-1) respectively, and in 1995 it was 6.8 and 7 mm day(-1), respectively. The mulched and bare soil surface treatments used similar amounts of water in each year. In 1994, mulch did not affect yield, yield components, or leaf area index (LAI). No significant differences occurred in plant available water (PAW) between mulched and bare soil treatments from emergence through harvest. In 1995, mulch increased grain yield by 17%, aboveground biomass by 19%, and grain water use efficiency (WUE) by 14% compared with bare soil treatments. Mulched treatments also maintained significantly greater PAW compared with bare soil treatments until near anthesis and, after anthesis, LAI was significantly greater in the mulched treatments compared with the bare soil treatments. In 1995, mulch significantly increased grain yield and grain WUE of the maize crop in the Pullman soil, grain yield and biomass WUE of the crop in the Amarillo soil, and had no significant effect on the crop in the Ulysses soil compared with the bare soil treatments. The significant increase in water use efficiency in 1995 was the result of soil water being used for crop growth and yield rather than in evaporation of soil water. The more favorable soil water regime in 1995 compared with 1994 between the mulched and bare soil treatments was possibly due to the higher evaporative demand environment, the increase in mulch mass, and the increased irrigation frequency. This was especially important in soils where textural characteristics affected both rooting and soil water extraction by maize which limited its ability to tolerate water stress. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Tolk, JA (reprint author), ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, USDA, 2300 Expt Stn Rd, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. NR 32 TC 73 Z9 110 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 50 IS 2 BP 137 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0167-1987(99)00011-2 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 188PU UT WOS:000079857800004 ER PT J AU Gamble, HR Brady, RC Bulaga, LL Berthoud, CL Smith, WG Detweiler, LA Miller, LE Lautner, EA AF Gamble, HR Brady, RC Bulaga, LL Berthoud, CL Smith, WG Detweiler, LA Miller, LE Lautner, EA TI Prevalence and risk association for Trichinella infection in domestic pigs in the northeastern United States SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Trichinella spiralis; pigs; enzyme immunoassay; risk assessment; New England states; New Jersey ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; EXCRETORY-SECRETORY ANTIGEN; SWINE TRICHINOSIS; SLAUGHTERHOUSES; SPIRALIS AB To determine Trichinella infection in a selected group of farm raised pigs, 4078 pigs from 156 farms in New England and New Jersey, employing various management styles, were selected based on feed type (grain, regulated waste, non-regulated waste). The number of pigs bled from each farm were based on detecting infection assuming a 0.05 prevalence rate. Serum was rested by enzyme-linked immunoassay for antibodies to Trichinella spiralis. Seropositive pigs were tested by digestion at slaughter (when possible) for the presence of Trichinella larvae. Questionnaires completed at the time of serum collection were used to develop descriptive statistics on farms tested and to determine measures of association for risk factors for the presence of Trichinella seropositive pigs, A total of 15 seropositive pigs on 10 farms were identified, representing a prevalence rate of 0.37% and a herd prevalence rate of 6.4%. A total of nine seropositive pigs and one suspect pig from six farms were tested by digestion; four pigs (representing three farms) harbored Trichinella larvae at densities of 0.003-0.021 larvae per gram (LPG) of tissue; no larvae were found in six pigs. Risk factors which were significantly associated with seropositivity included access of pigs to live wildlife and wildlife carcasses on the farm; waste feeding had no statistically significant association with seropositivity for Trichinella infection in pigs, The presence of Trichinella infection in pigs in New England and New Jersey has declined during the past 12 years when compared with previous prevalence studies. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ARS, USDA, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Sutton, MA 01590 USA. Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Robbinsville, NJ 08691 USA. Natl Anim Hlth Program, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. Natl Pork Producers Council, Des Moines, IA 50306 USA. RP Gamble, HR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Parasite Biol & Epidemiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 22 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 82 IS 1 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00267-2 PG 11 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 179QV UT WOS:000079340900006 PM 10223350 ER PT J AU Abubakr, SM Kungness, JH Sykes, MS AF Abubakr, SM Kungness, JH Sykes, MS TI USDA forest service, forest products laboratory pulp and paper pilot plant and research activities. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 076-CELL BP U269 EP U269 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100738 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Bond, JS Miller, RB Obst, JR Atalla, RH Cannon, AB AF Agarwal, UP Bond, JS Miller, RB Obst, JR Atalla, RH Cannon, AB TI A Raman microprobe study of various anatomical features of softwoods. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 044-CELL BP U259 EP U260 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100706 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Kawai, NT AF Agarwal, UP Kawai, NT TI "Self-absorption" phenomenon in FT-Raman spectroscopy of cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Bruker Instruments Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 025-CELL BP U254 EP U254 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100687 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Obst, JR Cannon, AB AF Agarwal, UP Obst, JR Cannon, AB TI An FT-Raman spectroscopic study of softwoods and hardwoods. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 023-CELL BP U254 EP U254 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100685 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP AF Agarwal, UP TI Raman spectroscopy in the analysis of lignocellulosic materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 003-CELL BP U247 EP U247 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100665 ER PT J AU Ahuja, LR Ma, L Rojas, KW AF Ahuja, LR Ma, L Rojas, KW TI Role of macropore flow and kinetics in the transport of pesticides as simulated by RZWQM SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 003-AGRO BP U59 EP U59 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100106 ER PT J AU Arnold, JG Muttiah, RS Srinivasan, R Griggs, RH Lin, J AF Arnold, JG Muttiah, RS Srinivasan, R Griggs, RH Lin, J TI Methodology for a watershed approach to pesticide exposure assessment. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 023-AGRO BP U65 EP U65 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100125 ER PT J AU Atalla, RH AF Atalla, RH TI The individual structures of native celluloses. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 072-CELL BP U268 EP U268 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100734 ER PT J AU Barnwell, TO Alatorre, R Cebrian, M Chevalier, P Cook, B Cortinas, C Curkeet, A Foley, G Hamilton, A Hart, SG Susanke, G Trip, L AF Barnwell, TO Alatorre, R Cebrian, M Chevalier, P Cook, B Cortinas, C Curkeet, A Foley, G Hamilton, A Hart, SG Susanke, G Trip, L TI North American regional action plan on mercury. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 122-ENVR BP U750 EP U751 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102332 ER PT J AU Baumann, MGD AF Baumann, MGD TI Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from wood composite products. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 111-CELL BP U279 EP U279 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100773 ER PT J AU Berhow, M Hasegawa, S AF Berhow, M Hasegawa, S TI Limonoids as taxonomic markers for the subtribe citrinae and related species. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 073-AGFD BP U46 EP U46 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100073 ER PT J AU Bolyston, EK Thibodeaux, DP AF Bolyston, EK Thibodeaux, DP TI An investigation of cotton fiber primary and secondary wall development by electron microscopy, image analysis and x-ray. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 057-CELL BP U263 EP U263 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100719 ER PT J AU Bond, JS Agarwal, UP Atalla, RH AF Bond, JS Agarwal, UP Atalla, RH TI Raman imaging of woody plant cell walls. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 024-CELL BP U254 EP U254 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100686 ER PT J AU Bresnahan, GA Koskinen, WC Dexter, AG Lueschen, WE AF Bresnahan, GA Koskinen, WC Dexter, AG Lueschen, WE TI Soil sorption pH interaction effects on imazethapyr carryover SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 054-AGRO BP U74 EP U74 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100155 ER PT J AU Cannon, AB Houtman, CJ AF Cannon, AB Houtman, CJ TI Correlations between Kappa Number and FT-Raman spectral features. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 043-CELL BP U259 EP U259 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100705 ER PT J AU Celimene, CC Tshabalala, MA Ahmed, A Young, RA AF Celimene, CC Tshabalala, MA Ahmed, A Young, RA TI Forest-byproducts, source of triterpenoid and steroid saponins SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 116-CELL BP U281 EP U281 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100778 ER PT J AU Chen, L Imam, SH AF Chen, L Imam, SH TI The industrial applications of starch based materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Owens Corning Sci & Technol Ctr, Granville, OH 43023 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 393-PMSE BP U503 EP U503 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201559 ER PT J AU Elzen, GW AF Elzen, GW TI Effects of pesticides on insect natural enemies. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 114-AGRO BP U92 EP U92 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100215 ER PT J AU Feil, VJ Larsen, GL AF Feil, VJ Larsen, GL TI Dioxins in food from animal sources. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 033-ENVR BP U724 EP U724 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102244 ER PT J AU Foudin, AS AF Foudin, AS TI The changing dynamics of the regulatory process. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Biotechnol Permit Unit, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 103-AGRO BP U89 EP U89 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100204 ER PT J AU Freer, SN Skory, CD Bothast, RJ Greene, RV AF Freer, SN Skory, CD Bothast, RJ Greene, RV TI Gene structure of a bifunctional cellulase gene (cel A) isolated from Teredinobacter turnerae. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biochem Res & Biopolymer Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 010-CELL BP U249 EP U249 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100672 ER PT J AU French, AD Kelterer, AM AF French, AD Kelterer, AM TI Heats of formation for imaginary disaccharide analogs SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Graz Tech Univ, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, A-8010 Graz, Austria. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 016-CARB BP U223 EP U223 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100594 ER PT J AU French, AD Kelterer, AM Johnson, GP Dowd, MK AF French, AD Kelterer, AM Johnson, GP Dowd, MK TI Classical conformational analysis to the max: Energy surfaces for disaccharides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Graz Tech Univ, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, A-8010 Graz, Austria. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 210-COMP BP U702 EP U702 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102185 ER PT J AU Glenn, GM Orts, WJ Nobes, GAR AF Glenn, GM Orts, WJ Nobes, GAR TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of starch-based foams. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 368-PMSE BP U496 EP U496 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201534 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S Leach, SM Suarez, DL AF Goldberg, S Leach, SM Suarez, DL TI Prediction of boron adsorption in soils using the constant capacitance model. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 118-ENVR BP U749 EP U749 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102328 ER PT J AU Guthrie, N Hasegawa, S Manners, G Carroll, KK AF Guthrie, N Hasegawa, S Manners, G Carroll, KK TI Inhibition of human breast cancer cells by citrus limonoids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biochem, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada. USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 055-AGFD BP U40 EP U40 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100055 ER PT J AU Haigler, CH Kiedaisch, BM Hatfied, RD Taylor, JG Roberts, AW Atalla, RH AF Haigler, CH Kiedaisch, BM Hatfied, RD Taylor, JG Roberts, AW Atalla, RH TI Temporal relationship of cellulose biosynthesis, cell death, and lignificiation in tracheary elements of Zinnia elegans differentiating in culture. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 056-CELL BP U263 EP U263 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100718 ER PT J AU Hasegawa, S AF Hasegawa, S TI Biochemistry of limonoids in citrus. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 052-AGFD BP U39 EP U39 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100052 ER PT J AU Hatfield, JL AF Hatfield, JL TI Neural networks as analysis tools for watersheds. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 024-AGRO BP U66 EP U66 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100126 ER PT J AU Hill, CL Grigoriev, VA Weinstock, IA AF Hill, CL Grigoriev, VA Weinstock, IA TI Oxidation of a phenolic lignin model by a polyoxometalate: Kinetics and mechanism. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 090-CELL BP U273 EP U273 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100752 ER PT J AU Hotchkiss, AT Savary, BJ Coffin, DR Chau, HK Liao, CH Fishman, ML AF Hotchkiss, AT Savary, BJ Coffin, DR Chau, HK Liao, CH Fishman, ML TI Enzymatic modification of pectin. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 057-CARB BP U235 EP U235 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100635 ER PT J AU Hou, CT AF Hou, CT TI Biotransformation of unsaturated fatty acids to industrial products. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 160-BIOT BP U202 EP U202 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100541 ER PT J AU Hsu, AF Foglia, TA Jones, K Shen, SY AF Hsu, AF Foglia, TA Jones, K Shen, SY TI Phyllosilicate sol-gel immobilized enzymes: Their use as packed-bed column bioreactors. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 164-BIOT BP U203 EP U203 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100545 ER PT J AU Illman, B AF Illman, B TI Use of synchrotron in forestry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 114-CELL BP U280 EP U280 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100776 ER PT J AU Imam, SH Mao, LJ Chen, L Greene, RV AF Imam, SH Mao, LJ Chen, L Greene, RV TI Adhesive from crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol and gelatinized starch. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Biopolymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 365-PMSE BP U495 EP U495 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201531 ER PT J AU Inglett, GE AF Inglett, GE TI Oat and barley soluble beta-glucan hydrocolloids for increasing health benefits of functional foods. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 101-AGFD BP U54 EP U54 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100101 ER PT J AU Kurowska, EM Hasgawa, S Manners, G AF Kurowska, EM Hasgawa, S Manners, G TI Regulation of apo B production in HepG2 cells by citrus limonoids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 057-AGFD BP U41 EP U41 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100057 ER PT J AU Laederach, A Dowd, MK Coutinho, PM Reilly, PJ AF Laederach, A Dowd, MK Coutinho, PM Reilly, PJ TI Automated docking of maltooligosaccharides into the active site of soybean beta-amylase. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. CNRS, Ctr Rech Macromol Vegetales, F-38041 Grenoble, France. RI Coutinho, Pedro/C-4473-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 101-BIOT BP U183 EP U184 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100483 ER PT J AU Lam, LKT Hasegawa, S Bergstrom, CP Kenney, P Lam, SH AF Lam, LKT Hasegawa, S Bergstrom, CP Kenney, P Lam, SH TI Limonin and nomilin inhibit 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced lung tumorigenesis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. LKT Labs Inc, St Paul, MN 55114 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 053-AGFD BP U40 EP U40 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100053 ER PT J AU Landucci, LL Ralph, SA AF Landucci, LL Ralph, SA TI Synthesis and C-13 NMR characterization of improved oligomeric and polymeric lignin models. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 014-CELL BP U251 EP U251 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100676 ER PT J AU Manners, GD Hasegawa, S Wong, RY AF Manners, GD Hasegawa, S Wong, RY TI NMR and LC-MS techniques for the characterization and analysis of citrus limonoids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 070-AGFD BP U45 EP U45 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100070 ER PT J AU Manning, BA Fendorf, SE Suarez, DL AF Manning, BA Fendorf, SE Suarez, DL TI Arsenate surface complexes in soil and model compounds SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 075-ENVR BP U737 EP U737 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102286 ER PT J AU Manthey, JA Grohmann, K Montanari, A Ash, K Manthey, CL AF Manthey, JA Grohmann, K Montanari, A Ash, K Manthey, CL TI Methoxylated citrus flavones suppress cytokine expression by monocytes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, SAA, US Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. Amgen Inc, Dept Biol, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 212-MEDI BP U1218 EP U1218 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148103857 ER PT J AU McConnell, LL Harman-Fetcho, JA Nochetto, CB AF McConnell, LL Harman-Fetcho, JA Nochetto, CB TI Atmospheric deposition of pesticides to the Patuxent River watershed. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Environm Chem Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI McConnell, Laura/H-1519-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 085-ENVR BP U740 EP U740 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102296 ER PT J AU Meagher, LP Beecher, GR Flanagan, V Li, BW AF Meagher, LP Beecher, GR Flanagan, V Li, BW TI Analysis of lignans in foods SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Food Composit Lab, BHNRC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 019-AGFD BP U30 EP U30 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100020 ER PT J AU Meredith, FI Torres, OR Merrill, AH Riley, RT AF Meredith, FI Torres, OR Merrill, AH Riley, RT TI Fumonisin B-1 (FB1) and hydrolyzed fumonisin B-1 (HFB1) levels in nixtamilized maize (Zea mays L) and tortillas from two different central highland locations in Guatemala SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30604 USA. Inst Nutr Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City 01011, Guatemala. Emory Univ, Dept Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 099-AGFD BP U53 EP U53 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100099 ER PT J AU Miller, EG Taylor, SE Berry, CW Zimmermann, JA Hasegawa, S AF Miller, EG Taylor, SE Berry, CW Zimmermann, JA Hasegawa, S TI Citrus limonoids: Increasing potential, as anticancer agents. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Dent, TAMUS, Dept Biomed Sci, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 054-AGFD BP U40 EP U40 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100054 ER PT J AU Miyake, M Shimoda, M Osajima, Y Inaba, N Ayano, S Ozaki, Y Hasegawa, S AF Miyake, M Shimoda, M Osajima, Y Inaba, N Ayano, S Ozaki, Y Hasegawa, S TI Extraction and recovery of limonoids with the supercritical carbon dioxide micro-bubble method. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Shimadzu Corp, Kyoto, Japan. Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan. Hiroshima Prefectural Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. Wakayama Prefectural Fed Agr, Wakayama, Japan. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 067-AGFD BP U44 EP U44 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100067 ER PT J AU Moats, WA Anderson, KL Rushing, JE Buckley, S AF Moats, WA Anderson, KL Rushing, JE Buckley, S TI Conversion of cephapirin to desacetylcephapirin in milk and tissues of treated animals. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Meat Sci Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. USDA ARS, Food Anim Protect Res Lab, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 120-AGRO BP U94 EP U94 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100221 ER PT J AU Murphy, JF AF Murphy, JF TI Testing for material/engineering properties of wood and wood-fiber plastic composites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 004-CELL BP U247 EP U248 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100666 ER PT J AU Neurath, S Sadeghi, A Isensee, A Shirmohammadi, A Torrents, A AF Neurath, S Sadeghi, A Isensee, A Shirmohammadi, A Torrents, A TI Update of modeling activities at USDA, Beltsville. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Biol Resources Eng, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 005-AGRO BP U60 EP U60 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100108 ER PT J AU Nobes, GAR Orts, WJ Glenn, GM AF Nobes, GAR Orts, WJ Glenn, GM TI Starch-derived polymers for plastics applications. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 367-PMSE BP U496 EP U496 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201533 ER PT J AU Ohta, H Frugen, M Ishii, T Behow, MA Hasegawa, S AF Ohta, H Frugen, M Ishii, T Behow, MA Hasegawa, S TI Limonoido glucoside in Shiikuwaha (Citrus depressa hayata) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Nakamura Gakuen Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Fukuoka 8140198, Japan. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, REE, Albany, CA 94710 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, REE, Peoria, IL 61104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 059-AGFD BP U41 EP U42 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100059 ER PT J AU Omura, M Kita, M Endo-Inagaki, T Moriguchi, T Matsumoto, R Suhayda, C Hasegawa, S AF Omura, M Kita, M Endo-Inagaki, T Moriguchi, T Matsumoto, R Suhayda, C Hasegawa, S TI Genetic evaluation and modification of the accumulation of limonoids in citrus. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Inst Fruit Tree Sci, Dept Citriculture, Shimizu, Shizuoka 4240292, Japan. USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 072-AGFD BP U45 EP U45 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100072 ER PT J AU Orts, WJ Glenn, GM Nobes, GAR AF Orts, WJ Glenn, GM Nobes, GAR TI Use of natural polymer flocculating agents to control agricultural soil loss. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 366-PMSE BP U495 EP U495 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201532 ER PT J AU Ozaki, Y Miyake, M Inaba, N Ayano, S Ifuku, Y Hasegawa, S AF Ozaki, Y Miyake, M Inaba, N Ayano, S Ifuku, Y Hasegawa, S TI Limonoid glucosides of Satsuma mandarin and its processing products SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ind Technol Ctr Wakayama Prefecture, Wakayama 6496261, Japan. Shimadzu Corp, Kyoto, Japan. Wakayama Prefectural Fed Agr, Wakayama, Japan. USDA ARS, WRRC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 066-AGFD BP U44 EP U44 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100066 ER PT J AU Papiernik, SK Gan, JY Knuteson, JA Yates, SR AF Papiernik, SK Gan, JY Knuteson, JA Yates, SR TI Sorption of soil fumigants to plastic films. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. DowElanco, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 055-AGRO BP U74 EP U75 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100156 ER PT J AU Papiernik, SK Gan, JY Yates, SR AF Papiernik, SK Gan, JY Yates, SR TI Mechanism of degradation of methyl bromide and propargyl bromide in soil and water. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 142-ENVR BP U756 EP U756 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102351 ER PT J AU Reiner, RS Weinstock, IA Wemple, MW Barbuzzi, EMG Cowan, JJ Sullivan, CS Houtman, CJ Reichel, SE Springer, EL Heintz, R Sonnen, DM Atalla, RH Hill, CL AF Reiner, RS Weinstock, IA Wemple, MW Barbuzzi, EMG Cowan, JJ Sullivan, CS Houtman, CJ Reichel, SE Springer, EL Heintz, R Sonnen, DM Atalla, RH Hill, CL TI Closed-mill delignification process using equilibrated polyoxometalate systems. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 089-CELL BP U273 EP U273 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100751 ER PT J AU Rice, CP Chemyak, SM AF Rice, CP Chemyak, SM TI Pesticides and pops in remote environments. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USGS Biol Resources Div, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 095-AGRO BP U86 EP U86 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100196 ER PT J AU Rowell, RM AF Rowell, RM TI Development of a data base on chemical and physical properties of agro-based resources. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 005-CELL BP U248 EP U248 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100667 ER PT J AU Sachinvala, ND Hamed, OA Winsor, DL Niemczura, WP Maskos, K Parikh, DV Glasser, W Becker, U Blanchard, EJ Bertoniere, NR AF Sachinvala, ND Hamed, OA Winsor, DL Niemczura, WP Maskos, K Parikh, DV Glasser, W Becker, U Blanchard, EJ Bertoniere, NR TI Unequivocally assigning all the H-1 and C-13 resonances in the repeat unit of tri-O-methylcellulose SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VPI, Blacksburg, VA USA. Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. HARC, New Orleans, LA USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 013-CELL BP U250 EP U250 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100675 ER PT J AU Saha, BC Bothast, RJ AF Saha, BC Bothast, RJ TI Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase in biotechnology. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biochem Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 064-CELL BP U265 EP U265 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100726 ER PT J AU Saha, BC Bothast, RJ AF Saha, BC Bothast, RJ TI New trends in the enzymatic degradation of lignocellulosic agricultural residues. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biochem Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 394-PMSE BP U504 EP U504 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201560 ER PT J AU Savary, BJ Hotchkiss, AT Fishman, ML Luzio, G AF Savary, BJ Hotchkiss, AT Fishman, ML Luzio, G TI Purification of tomato pectin-modifying enzymes from a commercial enzyme preparation for use in studying pectin structure-function relationships. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Hercules Inc, Wilmington, DE 19808 USA. USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 058-CARB BP U235 EP U235 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100636 ER PT J AU Shaw, PE AF Shaw, PE TI Commercial debittering processes to upgrade quality of citrus juice products. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 071-AGFD BP U45 EP U45 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100071 ER PT J AU Shelver, WL Smith, DJ AF Shelver, WL Smith, DJ TI Evaluation of commercial immunoassays for cross-reactivity to clenbuterol stereoisomers and bovine metabolites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 063-AGRO BP U77 EP U77 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100164 ER PT J AU Shi, NQ Davis, BP Sherman, F Cruz, J Jeffries, TW AF Shi, NQ Davis, BP Sherman, F Cruz, J Jeffries, TW TI Disruption of the cytochrome C gene in Pichia stipitis increases ethanol production. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Dept Biochem Biophys, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012; Cruz Freire, Jose/A-7834-2011 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065; Cruz Freire, Jose/0000-0003-1471-9035 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 159-BIOT BP U201 EP U201 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100540 ER PT J AU Smith, DJ Buchenau, M AF Smith, DJ Buchenau, M TI Analysis of commercial premixes and feeds for the presence of beta-adrenergic agonists. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 062-AGRO BP U77 EP U77 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100163 ER PT J AU Snyder, JM Hopper, ML King, JW AF Snyder, JM Hopper, ML King, JW TI Extraction and enrichment of pesticides for analysis by using binary supercritical fluid mixtures. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. US FDA, Total Diet Res Ctr, Lenexa, KS 66214 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 086-AGRO BP U84 EP U84 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100187 ER PT J AU Sreenath, HK Jeffries, TW Rosin, BD Kuster, TA AF Sreenath, HK Jeffries, TW Rosin, BD Kuster, TA TI Cellulase production by fungi associated with fermented sausages. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 066-CELL BP U266 EP U266 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100728 ER PT J AU Steinheimer, TR Scoggin, KD Berry, EC Swalla, AA AF Steinheimer, TR Scoggin, KD Berry, EC Swalla, AA TI Toxicity of pesticides to earthworms. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 079-AGRO BP U81 EP U82 PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100180 ER PT J AU Steinheimer, TR Scoggin, KD AF Steinheimer, TR Scoggin, KD TI Movement of accent and pursuit herbicides through glacial till soils of central Iowa: The leaching of nicosulfuron and imazethapyr to groundwater. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 078-AGRO BP U81 EP U81 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100179 ER PT J AU Terashima, N Hafren, J Westermark, U Atalla, RH VanderHart, DL AF Terashima, N Hafren, J Westermark, U Atalla, RH VanderHart, DL TI An improved C-13-tracer method as a promising analytical tool in lignin chemistry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. STFI, S-11486 Stockholm, Sweden. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 015-CELL BP U251 EP U251 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100677 ER PT J AU Tshabalala, MA AF Tshabalala, MA TI Inverse gas chromatographic analysis of the surface chemistry of lignocellulosic materials: Effect of aqueous organic solvent extraction. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 098-CELL BP U275 EP U275 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100760 ER PT J AU Tshabalala, MA AF Tshabalala, MA TI Review of methods for characterizing lignocellulosic surfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 002-CELL BP U247 EP U247 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100664 ER PT J AU Vigo, TL Leonas, KK AF Vigo, TL Leonas, KK TI Antimicrobial fibrous substrates containing crosslinked polyethylene glycols SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Text, Athens, GA 30362 USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 025-PMSE BP U398 EP U398 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201192 ER PT J AU Wauchope, RD Hook, JE AF Wauchope, RD Hook, JE TI The tifton, Georgia mesoplot experiment: An intensive field dataset for testing field-scale water quality models SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. UGA Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 034-AGRO BP U69 EP U69 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100135 ER PT J AU Wei, S Shirmohammadi, A Sadeghi, A AF Wei, S Shirmohammadi, A Sadeghi, A TI Characteristics of macropore transport studied with the MACRO model. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Biol Resources Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 006-AGRO BP U60 EP U60 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100109 ER PT J AU Weinstock, IA Wemple, MW Barbuzzi, EMG Reiner, RS Cowan, JJ Sullivan, CS Houtman, CJ Reichel, SE Springer, EL Heintz, R Sonnen, DM Atalla, RH Hill, CL AF Weinstock, IA Wemple, MW Barbuzzi, EMG Reiner, RS Cowan, JJ Sullivan, CS Houtman, CJ Reichel, SE Springer, EL Heintz, R Sonnen, DM Atalla, RH Hill, CL TI Delignification by equilibrated self-buffering solutions of heteropolytungstates and oxygen. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 088-CELL BP U272 EP U272 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100750 ER PT J AU White, RH Dietenberger, MA Hill, MD AF White, RH Dietenberger, MA Hill, MD TI Reaction-to-fire tests for wood products. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 112-CELL BP U280 EP U280 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100774 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, KC Cary, JW Montalbano, BG AF Ehrlich, KC Cary, JW Montalbano, BG TI Characterization of the promoter for the gene encoding the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway regulatory protein AFLR SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; transcription regulation; gene promoter; DNA-binding protein; gene cluster; (Aspergillus parasiticus) ID FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; AMBIENT PH; FLAVUS; ACTIVATOR; SEQUENCE; CLONING AB Most genes in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway in Aspergillus parasiticus are regulated by the binuclear zinc cluster DNA-binding protein AFLR. The aflR promoter was analyzed in beta-glucuronidase reporter assays to elucidate some of the elements involved in the gene's transcription control. Truncation at 118 bp upstream of the translational start site increased; promoter activity 5-fold, while truncation at -100 reduced activity about 20-fold. These findings indicate the presence of an important positive regulatory element between -100 and -118 and a negative regulatory region further upstream. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays on nuclear extracts from A. parasiticus induced for aflatoxin expression suggest that AFLR and another, possibly more abundant, protein bind to the -100/-118 region. Another protein binds to a sequence at position -159 to -164 that matches the consensus binding site for the transcription factor involved in pH-dependent gene regulation, PACC. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Ehrlich, KC (reprint author), USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687,1100 RE Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. NR 25 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4781 J9 BBA-GENE STRUCT EXPR JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gene Struct. Expression PD MAR 19 PY 1999 VL 1444 IS 3 BP 412 EP 417 DI 10.1016/S0167-4781(99)00022-6 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 179XM UT WOS:000079355400010 PM 10095064 ER PT J AU Stolzenberg-Solomon, RZ Albanes, D Nieto, FJ Hartman, TJ Tangrea, JA Rautalahti, M Sehlub, J Virtamo, J Taylor, PR AF Stolzenberg-Solomon, RZ Albanes, D Nieto, FJ Hartman, TJ Tangrea, JA Rautalahti, M Sehlub, J Virtamo, J Taylor, PR TI Pancreatic cancer risk and nutrition-related methyl-group availability indicators in male smokers SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE POLYMORPHISM; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PLASMA; CARCINOGENESIS; CHOLECYSTOKININ; HOMOCYSTEINE; CARCINOMAS AB Background: Few risk factors for pancreatic cancer have been identified, with age and cigarette smoking being the most consistent. The protective effect associated with consumption of fruits and vegetables-the major dietary sources of folate-is suggestive of a role for factors influencing cellular methylation reactions; however, to our knowledge, no study has investigated this relationship. Whether biochemical indicators of methyl-group availability are associated with exocrine pancreatic cancer risk was the focus of this investigation. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort of 29133 male Finnish smokers aged 50-69 years. One hundred twenty-six subjects with incident exocrine pancreatic cancer were matched by date of baseline blood draw (+/-30 days), study center, age (+/-5 years), trial intervention group, and completion of dietary history to 247 control subjects, who were alive and free from cancer at the time the case subjects were diagnosed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined by use of conditional logistic regression. Reported P values are two-tailed. Results: Serum folate and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) concentrations showed statistically significant inverse dose-response relationships with pancreatic cancer risk, with the highest serum tertiles having approximately half the risk of the lowest (folate: OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.24-0.82; P for trend =.009, and PLP: OR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.26-0.88; P for trend =.02), An increased pancreatic cancer risk was also observed with greater exposure to cigarettes (e.g., pack-years [number of packs smoked per day x number of years of smoking], highest versus lowest quartile: OR = 2.13; 95% CP = 1.13-3.99; P for trend =.04). Conclusions: These results support the hypothesis that maintaining adequate folate and pyridoxine status may reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer and confirm the risk previously associated with cigarette smoking. C1 NCI, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Div Clin Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Helsinki, Finland. Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA USA. RP Stolzenberg-Solomon, RZ (reprint author), NCI, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Div Clin Sci, NIH, 6006 Execut Blvd,Suite 321, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM RS221Z@NIH.GOV RI Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015 FU NCI NIH HHS [N01CN45165] NR 60 TC 104 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD MAR 17 PY 1999 VL 91 IS 6 BP 535 EP 541 DI 10.1093/jnci/91.6.535 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 177WY UT WOS:000079235100013 PM 10088624 ER PT J AU Rurangirwa, FR Stiller, D French, DM Palmer, GH AF Rurangirwa, FR Stiller, D French, DM Palmer, GH TI Restriction of major surface protein 2 (MSP2) variants during tick transmission of the ehrlichia Anaplasma marginale SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MALE DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; CATTLE; RICKETTSEMIA; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; COMMON AB Anaplasma marginale is an ehrlichial patho gen of cattle that establishes lifelong persistent infection. Persistence is characterized by rickettsemic cycles in which new A. marginale variant types, defined by the sequence of the expressed msp2 transcripts, emerge. The polymorphic msp2 transcripts encode structurally distinct MSP2 proteins and result in an antigenically diverse and continually changing A. marginale population within the blood. In this manuscript, we used sequence analysis of msp2 transcripts to show that a restricted repertoire of variant types, designated SGV1 and SGV2, is expressed within the tick salivary gland. The same SGV1 and SGV2 variant types mere expressed in ticks regardless of the variant types expressed in the blood of infected cattle at the time of acquisition feeding by the ticks. Importantly, subsequent tick transmission to susceptible cattle resulted in acute rickettsemia composed of organisms expressing only the same SGV1 and SGV2 variant types. This indicates that the msp2 expressed by organisms within the tick salivary gland predicts the variant type responsible for acute rickettsemia and disease. This restriction of transmitted A. marginale variant types, in contrast to the marked diversity within persistently infected cattle, supports development of MSP2 vaccines to prevent acute rickettsemia in tick-transmitted infections. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Palmer, GH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, 421 Bustad Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [K08 AI01371, R01 AI044005, R01 AI44005] NR 28 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 16 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 6 BP 3171 EP 3176 DI 10.1073/pnas.96.6.3171 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 177RH UT WOS:000079224500110 PM 10077656 ER PT J AU Kerwin, JL Turecek, F Xu, RD Kramer, KJ Hopkins, TL Gatlin, CL Yates, JR AF Kerwin, JL Turecek, F Xu, RD Kramer, KJ Hopkins, TL Gatlin, CL Yates, JR TI Mass spectrometric analysis of catechol-histidine adducts from insect cuticle SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE catecholamine; catechol; p-quinone; histidine; histidyl conjugate; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol; oxidation; nucleophilic addition; N-acetyldopamine; dopamine; mass spectrometry; insect cuticle; Manduca sexta; tobacco hornworm ID QUINONE METHIDES; N-ACETYLDOPAMINE; CUTICULAR SCLEROTIZATION; CROSS-LINKING; PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; PRODUCTS; NMR; ACETYLHISTIDINE; IMIDAZOLE AB Adducts of catechols and histidine, which are produced by reactions of 1,2-quinones and p-quinone methides with histidyl residues in proteins incorporated into the insect exoskeleton, were characterized using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESMS), tandem electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS-MS, collision-induced dissociation), and ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS), Compounds examined included adducts obtained from acid hydrolysates of Manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm) pupal cuticle exuviae and products obtained from model reactions under defined conditions. The ESMS and ITMS spectra of 6-(N-3')-histidyldopamine [6-(N-3')-His-DA, pi isomer] isolated from M. sexta cuticle were dominated by a [M + H](+) ion at m/z 308, rather than the expected m/z 307. High-resolution fast atom bombardment MS yielded an empirical formula of C14H18N3O5, which was consistent with this compound being 6-(N-1')-histidyl-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol [6-(N-1')-His-DOPET] instead of a DA adduct. Similar results were obtained when histidyl-catechol compounds linked at C-7 of the catechol were examined; the (N-1') isomer was confirmed as a DA adduct, and the (N-3') isomer identified as an (N-1')-DOPET derivative. Direct MS analysis of unfractionated cuticle hydrolysate revealed intense parent and product ions characteristic of 6- and 7-linked adducts of histidine and DOPET, Mass spectrometric analysis of model adducts synthesized by electrochemical oxidative coupling of N-acetyldopamine (NADA) quinone and N-acetylhistidine (NAcH) identified the point of attachment in the two isomers. A prominent product ion corresponding to loss of CO2 from [M + H](+) of 2-NAcH-NADA confirmed this as being the (N-3') isomer. Loss of (H2O + CO) from 6-NAcH-NADA suggested that this adduct was the (N-1') isomer. The results support the hypothesis that insect cuticle sclerotization involves the formation of C-N cross-links between histidine residues in cuticular proteins, and both ring and side-chain carbons of three catechols: NADA, N-beta-alanyldopamine, and DOPET. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Bot, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Lab, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Mol Biotechnol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kerwin, JL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Bot, Box 351330, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 34339] NR 56 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 268 IS 2 BP 229 EP 237 DI 10.1006/abio.1998.3069 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 182PV UT WOS:000079508100009 PM 10075812 ER PT J AU Afman, L Bagley, P Selhub, J AF Afman, L Bagley, P Selhub, J TI Determination of folic acid in fortified cereal products using the affinity/HPLC method. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A891 EP A891 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901405 ER PT J AU Beecher, GR Bhagwat, S Holden, JM Haytowitz, D Murphy, PA AF Beecher, GR Bhagwat, S Holden, JM Haytowitz, D Murphy, PA TI Isoflavone database for foods. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A885 EP A885 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901374 ER PT J AU Bell, BP Thayer, DW Engeljohn, DL Harland, BF AF Bell, BP Thayer, DW Engeljohn, DL Harland, BF TI Effects in rats of gamma irradiated soy, beef and soy/beef diets on blood, liver and tibia parameters. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. Howard Univ, Nutr Sci Dept, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A886 EP A886 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901379 ER PT J AU Bernstein, M Tucker, K Ryan, N O'Neill, E Clements, K Nelson, M Evans, W AF Bernstein, M Tucker, K Ryan, N O'Neill, E Clements, K Nelson, M Evans, W TI Higher dietary diversity is associated with better nutritional status in frail elders SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A695 EP A695 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900280 ER PT J AU Burrin, D Stoll, B Chang, X Yu, H Reeds, P AF Burrin, D Stoll, B Chang, X Yu, H Reeds, P TI Total parenteral nutrition does not compromise digestion or absorption of dietary protein in neonatal pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1024 EP A1024 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902177 ER PT J AU Butte, NF Hopkinson, JM Heinz, CJ Shypailo, RJ Wong, WW Ellis, KJ AF Butte, NF Hopkinson, JM Heinz, CJ Shypailo, RJ Wong, WW Ellis, KJ TI Body composition differs between breast-fed and formula-fed infants. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Child Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A697 EP A697 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900294 ER PT J AU Cao, G Prior, RL AF Cao, G Prior, RL TI Measurement of anthocyanins in plasma: The direct evidence of their absorption in humans SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, ARS, JM HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Nutrit Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A885 EP A885 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901373 ER PT J AU Castaneda, C Gordon, P Uhlin, K Kehayias, J Levey, A Dwyer, J Roubenoff, R Singh, MF AF Castaneda, C Gordon, P Uhlin, K Kehayias, J Levey, A Dwyer, J Roubenoff, R Singh, MF TI Resistance training prevents muscle wasting in renal disease SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, HNRC, NEMC,Renal Div, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A877 EP A877 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901328 ER PT J AU Chen, HL Tucker, KL AF Chen, HL Tucker, KL TI Waist circumference is associated with self-reported functional status among elder hispanics SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, HNRC, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A865 EP A865 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901258 ER PT J AU Chen, XL Hartzell, DL McGraw, RA Hausman, GJ Dean, RG Lee, K Baile, CA AF Chen, XL Hartzell, DL McGraw, RA Hausman, GJ Dean, RG Lee, K Baile, CA TI Capability of a 765-BP proximal leptin promoter to drive and control self-regulation of transgene expression of growth hormone receptor in mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A677 EP A677 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900183 ER PT J AU Chiang, EP Roubenoff, R Selhub, J Bagley, PJ AF Chiang, EP Roubenoff, R Selhub, J Bagley, PJ TI Evidence for impaired vitamin B6 status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A889 EP A889 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901396 ER PT J AU Choi, KD Lillehoj, HS Zarlenga, D AF Choi, KD Lillehoj, HS Zarlenga, D TI Molecular cloning and functional characterization of chicken IL-15 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Immunol & Dis Resistance Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1142 EP A1142 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902857 ER PT J AU Choumenkovitch, SF Choi, SW Bagley, P Maeda, N Selhub, J AF Choumenkovitch, SF Choi, SW Bagley, P Maeda, N Selhub, J TI In vivo inhibition of genomic DNA methylation by S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, HNRC, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A891 EP A891 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901404 ER PT J AU Davis, CD Feng, Y AF Davis, CD Feng, Y TI Effect of dietary copper, manganese andiron on the formation of aberrant crypts in colon of rats administered 3,2 '-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. Univ N Dakota, Sch Med, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A917 EP A917 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901556 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Nguyen, HV Vann, RC Burrin, DG Fiorotto, ML Reeds, PJ Beckett, PR Vargas, JM AF Davis, TA Nguyen, HV Vann, RC Burrin, DG Fiorotto, ML Reeds, PJ Beckett, PR Vargas, JM TI Roles of amino acids and insulin in the stimulation of muscle and liver protein synthesis by feeding in neonates. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Univ, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A909 EP A909 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901510 ER PT J AU Fan, MZ Stoll, B Burrin, DG AF Fan, MZ Stoll, B Burrin, DG TI Expression of enterocyte brush border L-glutamine and L-glutamate transport activity along the crypt-villus axis in the neonatal pig. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1010 EP A1010 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902096 ER PT J AU Guthrie, JF Morton, JF AF Guthrie, JF Morton, JF TI Sources of added sugars in the diets of Americans SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA, Washington, DC 20204 USA. USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A695 EP A695 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900283 ER PT J AU Han, SN Wu, D Beharka, A Bronson, RT Smith, DE Wang, H Bender, BS Meydani, SN AF Han, SN Wu, D Beharka, A Bronson, RT Smith, DE Wang, H Bender, BS Meydani, SN TI The protective effect of vitamin E (E) against influenza infection in old mice is mediated through reducing viral load and not by affecting patho-inflammatory responses. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A872 EP A872 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901298 ER PT J AU Hopkinson, J Butte, N Ellis, K Smith, EO AF Hopkinson, J Butte, N Ellis, K Smith, EO TI Bone mineral content (BMC) increases in postpartum lactating and nonlactating women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A869 EP A869 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901278 ER PT J AU Keim, NL Barbieri, TF Gale, BJ Horn, WF AF Keim, NL Barbieri, TF Gale, BJ Horn, WF TI Effects of dieting and exercise mode on post-exercise energy utilization in women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. RI Horn, William/B-8332-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A930 EP A930 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901633 ER PT J AU Kretsch, MJ Fong, AKH Sutherland, B King, JC AF Kretsch, MJ Fong, AKH Sutherland, B King, JC TI The ability to sustain attention is predictive of iron depletion rate in men. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A699 EP A699 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900302 ER PT J AU Lang, KE Bonnel, EL Havel, PJ Gale, B Reilly, J Van Loan, M King, JC AF Lang, KE Bonnel, EL Havel, PJ Gale, B Reilly, J Van Loan, M King, JC TI Changes in leptin and body fat mass relate to the rise in BMR during pregnancy SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1027 EP A1027 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902197 ER PT J AU Liu, C Russell, RM Wang, XD AF Liu, C Russell, RM Wang, XD TI In vitro incubation of retinoic acid (RA) with the liver microsomal fraction of alcohol-exposed rats with P450 enzyme inhibitors. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A898 EP A898 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901448 ER PT J AU Lovander, OA Morris, VC South, PK Gujdry, CA Smith, AD AF Lovander, OA Morris, VC South, PK Gujdry, CA Smith, AD TI Thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase as antioxidant defense mechanisms in Wurzburg cells and Jurkat cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A875 EP A875 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901316 ER PT J AU Matthan, NR Jones, PJH Ausman, LM Lichtenstein, AH AF Matthan, NR Jones, PJH Ausman, LM Lichtenstein, AH TI Hydrogenated fat consumption affects cholesterol synthesis in hypercholesterolemic women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 McGill Univ, Sch Dietet & Human Nutr, Montreal, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRC, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1027 EP A1027 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902193 ER PT J AU McCullough, M Feskanich, D Rimm, E Giovannucci, E Ascherio, A Variyam, J Hu, F Spiegelman, D Willett, W AF McCullough, M Feskanich, D Rimm, E Giovannucci, E Ascherio, A Variyam, J Hu, F Spiegelman, D Willett, W TI Relation of diet quality to risk of adverse health outcome in men. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A932 EP A932 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901643 ER PT J AU McKinnon, JS Tucker, KL Masaki, K Resnick, H Foley, D Harris, T AF McKinnon, JS Tucker, KL Masaki, K Resnick, H Foley, D Harris, T TI Mid-life dietary carbohydrate associated with late-life depression. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NIA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A937 EP A937 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901674 ER PT J AU Narula, G Harland, B Karnik, H Engeljohn, D AF Narula, G Harland, B Karnik, H Engeljohn, D TI The effects of dietary fiber from nuts on the rat lipid profile. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Howard Univ, Dept Nutr Sci & Clin Lab Sci, Washington, DC 20059 USA. USDA, Washington, DC 20205 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A886 EP A886 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901376 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH Milne, DB AF Nielsen, FH Milne, DB TI Calcium balance in postmenopausal women with dietary calcium intakes between 650 and 850 Mg/day. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A869 EP A869 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901277 ER PT J AU Nightingale, ZD Lancha, AH Dolnikowski, GG Handelman, SK Blumberg, JB Handelman, GJ AF Nightingale, ZD Lancha, AH Dolnikowski, GG Handelman, SK Blumberg, JB Handelman, GJ TI Selective reactivity of peptide-bound amino acids with hypochlorite and fenton reagent. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Lancha Jr, Antonio/C-9130-2012 OI Lancha Jr, Antonio/0000-0003-2128-1182 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A906 EP A906 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901496 ER PT J AU Pehrsson, P Trainer, D Haytowitz, D Holden, J Evans, J Perry, C Beckler, D AF Pehrsson, P Trainer, D Haytowitz, D Holden, J Evans, J Perry, C Beckler, D TI Development of a nationwide sampling plan for the National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Nutrient Data Lab, BHNRC, Riverdale, MD USA. Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, Fairfax, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A888 EP A888 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901390 ER PT J AU Pehrsson, P Evans, J Trainer, D Haytowitz, D Holden, J Perry, C Beckler, D AF Pehrsson, P Evans, J Trainer, D Haytowitz, D Holden, J Perry, C Beckler, D TI Development of representative nutrient data for margarine and spreads under the National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS, Nutrient Data Lab, USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, Fairfax, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A888 EP A888 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901388 ER PT J AU Penland, J Sandstead, H Egger, N Dayal, H Alcock, N Plotkin, R Rocco, C Zavaleta, A AF Penland, J Sandstead, H Egger, N Dayal, H Alcock, N Plotkin, R Rocco, C Zavaleta, A TI Zinc, iron and micronutrient supplementation effects on cognitive and psychomotor function of Mexican-American school children. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Brownsville Comm Hlth Ctr, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. NR 0 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A921 EP A921 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901582 ER PT J AU Poulos, SP Sisk, M Azain, MJ Hausman, DB Hausman, GJ AF Poulos, SP Sisk, M Azain, MJ Hausman, DB Hausman, GJ TI In utero dietary conjugated linoleic acid increases lipid filling in inguinal adipocytes of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A923 EP A923 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901595 ER PT J AU Prakash, P Russell, RM Krinsky, NI AF Prakash, P Russell, RM Krinsky, NI TI Mechanisms of growth inhibition by all-trans-retinoic acid in estrogen-dependent MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A916 EP A916 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901554 ER PT J AU Prior, RL Cao, G AF Prior, RL Cao, G TI Anthocyanins reduce the susceptibility of human erythrocytes to peroxyl radicals SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, JM HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Connecticut, Nutrit Sci Dept, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A886 EP A886 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901380 ER PT J AU Reinhardt, TA Filoteo, AG Penniston, JT Horst, RL AF Reinhardt, TA Filoteo, AG Penniston, JT Horst, RL TI Ca2+-ATPase protein expression in the mammary gland of pregnant and lactating rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A913 EP A913 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901534 ER PT J AU Schmidt, G Steinhart, H Fritsche, S Rumsey, TS AF Schmidt, G Steinhart, H Fritsche, S Rumsey, TS TI Determination of steroid hormones including steroid fatty acid esters. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hamburg, Dept Food Chem, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A887 EP A887 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901385 ER PT J AU Seale, JL Klein, GL Friedmann, JM Jensen, GL Mitchell, DC Smiciklas-Wright, H AF Seale, JL Klein, GL Friedmann, JM Jensen, GL Mitchell, DC Smiciklas-Wright, H TI Energy expenditure, physical activity and dietary intake in the rural elderly SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, BHNRC, DHPL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Danville, PA 17822 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A929 EP A929 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901625 ER PT J AU Shypailo, RJ Ellis, KJ Perez, M Abrams, SA AF Shypailo, RJ Ellis, KJ Perez, M Abrams, SA TI Iron deposition in the joints of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A932 EP A932 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901645 ER PT J AU Solano-Aguilar, GI Garland, K Beshah, E Lunney, JK AF Solano-Aguilar, GI Garland, K Beshah, E Lunney, JK TI Mucosal immune system in neonatal swine SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, LPSI, Immunol & Dis Resistance Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A993 EP A993 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902001 ER PT J AU Soltis, LM Kruse, S Anderson, RA Maher, MA AF Soltis, LM Kruse, S Anderson, RA Maher, MA TI Effects of dietary cinnamon on insulin-mediated physiological parameters. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol & Microbiol, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A884 EP A884 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901365 ER PT J AU Stoll, B Chang, X Fan, MZ Jiang, R Reeds, PJ Burrin, DG AF Stoll, B Chang, X Fan, MZ Jiang, R Reeds, PJ Burrin, DG TI Dose-dependent stimulation of intestinal protein synthesis by enteral nutrient intake in neonatal pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1024 EP A1024 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902179 ER PT J AU Stolzenberg-Solomon, RZ Albanes, D Nieto, FJ Hartman, T Tangrea, J Rautalahti, M Sehlub, J Virtamo, J Taylor, P AF Stolzenberg-Solomon, RZ Albanes, D Nieto, FJ Hartman, T Tangrea, J Rautalahti, M Sehlub, J Virtamo, J Taylor, P TI Pancreatic cancer risk and nutrition-related methyl group availability indicators in male smokers SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. JHUSPH, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NPHI, Helsinki, Finland. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A917 EP A917 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901561 ER PT J AU Sun, Z Lichtenstein, A Dolnikowski, G Welty, F Schaefer, E AF Sun, Z Lichtenstein, A Dolnikowski, G Welty, F Schaefer, E TI Human apolipoprotein A-IV metabolism within triglyceride-rich lipoproteins SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1041 EP A1041 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902275 ER PT J AU Suzuki, YJ Ikeda, T Shi, SS Jones, LR Blumberg, JB AF Suzuki, YJ Ikeda, T Shi, SS Jones, LR Blumberg, JB TI Regulation of GATA4 and AP-1 in transgenic mouse hearts overexpressing calsequestrin. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Hokkaido Food Proc Res Ctr, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069, Japan. Indiana Univ, Krannert Inst Cardiol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A768 EP A768 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900697 ER PT J AU Suzuki, YJ Shi, SS Blumberg, JB AF Suzuki, YJ Shi, SS Blumberg, JB TI Modulation of angiotensin II signaling by homocysteine. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A688 EP A688 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900242 ER PT J AU Tchoukalova, YD Hausman, DB Martin, RJ Hausman, GJ AF Tchoukalova, YD Hausman, DB Martin, RJ Hausman, GJ TI TNF alpha binding in primary stromal-vascular cell cultures SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A683 EP A683 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900217 ER PT J AU Tibaduiza, EC Fleet, JC Clagett-Dame, M Krinsky, NI Russell, RM AF Tibaduiza, EC Fleet, JC Clagett-Dame, M Krinsky, NI Russell, RM TI Mechanisms of growth inhibition induced by beta-apo-carotenoic acids in MCF-7 and Hs578T breast tumor cell lines. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, JM USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. UNC G, Grad Program Nutr, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A916 EP A916 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901552 ER PT J AU Tomita, GM Wang, Y Paape, MJ Segal, DM Poutrel, B Rainard, P AF Tomita, GM Wang, Y Paape, MJ Segal, DM Poutrel, B Rainard, P TI Influence of bispecific antibodies on polymorphonuclear neutrophil function. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. INRA, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A841 EP A841 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901118 ER PT J AU Treuth, MS Puyau, MR Vohra, F Adolph, AL Mehta, N Wong, WW Butte, NF AF Treuth, MS Puyau, MR Vohra, F Adolph, AL Mehta, N Wong, WW Butte, NF TI Genetic predisposition to obesity does not affect energy expenditure in prepubertal girls. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1027 EP A1027 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902195 ER PT J AU Urban, J Chen, SJ Nguyen, D Fang, H Ekkens, M Wood, N Donaldson, D Finkelman, F Gause, W AF Urban, J Chen, SJ Nguyen, D Fang, H Ekkens, M Wood, N Donaldson, D Finkelman, F Gause, W TI Blocking B7 ligand interactions creates an IFN-g-dependent susceptibility to the gastrointestinal nematode parasite Trichuris muris. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, IDRL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Genet Inst, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A973 EP A973 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901885 ER PT J AU Wallock, LM Tamura, T Ames, BN Johnston, KE Gretz, D Jacob, RA AF Wallock, LM Tamura, T Ames, BN Johnston, KE Gretz, D Jacob, RA TI Improvement in folate indices in blood and seminal plasma following vitamin supplementation in smokers and nonsmokers. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A890 EP A890 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901403 ER PT J AU Wang, C Cao, G Zhang, Y Shuckitt-Hale, B Joseph, JA Prior, RL AF Wang, C Cao, G Zhang, Y Shuckitt-Hale, B Joseph, JA Prior, RL TI Bone composition and strength of adult male rats were not affected by antioxidant-rich diets. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Kentucky State Univ, Human Nutr Program, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A913 EP A913 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901537 ER PT J AU Williams, CE Hirschi, KK AF Williams, CE Hirschi, KK TI Retinoids modulate growth, differentiation and interactions of vascular cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A694 EP A694 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900278 ER PT J AU Wood, RJ Fleet, JC Yergey, AL Vieira, N Bradley, J AF Wood, RJ Fleet, JC Yergey, AL Vieira, N Bradley, J TI Vitamin D receptor genotype and bone turnover in premenopausal women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Bioavailabil Lab,JM, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NICHD, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A869 EP A869 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901279 ER PT J AU Laird, SK Buttry, DA Sommerfeld, RA AF Laird, SK Buttry, DA Sommerfeld, RA TI Nitric acid adsorption on ice: surface diffusion SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS; SNOW; SULFATE; CORE; CHEMISTRY; LAYERS; HNO3 AB Knowledge of the behavior of nitric acid on the surface of ice is important to predicting nitrate loads from snowpacks and determining paleoclimates from ice cores. Our experiments have shown that HNO3 will diffuse across the ice driven by concentration gradients. A diffusion constant, D, for this process was determined from Fick's ft-st law to be 3.5(+/-1.0)x10(-7) cm(2)/sec between -20 degrees and -25 degrees C. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Chem, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Laird, SK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 26 IS 6 BP 699 EP 701 DI 10.1029/1999GL900087 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 177JT UT WOS:000079207400019 ER PT J AU Obin, MS Gong, X Taylor, A AF Obin, MS Gong, X Taylor, A TI Neurite outgrowth is regulated by antagonistic activities of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, HNRC, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 MA 45B5 BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 178MF UT WOS:000079269200046 ER PT J AU Kneller, BC Bennett, SJ McCaffrey, WD AF Kneller, BC Bennett, SJ McCaffrey, WD TI Velocity structure, turbulence and fluid stresses in experimental gravity currents SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID TURBIDITY CURRENTS; SEDIMENT; ENTRAINMENT; DEPOSITION; SUSPENSION; TRANSPORT; MODEL; HEAD AB Gravity currents are of considerable environmental and industrial importance as hazards and as agents of sediment transport, and the deposits of ancient turbidity currents form some significantly large hydrocarbon reservoirs. Prediction of the behavior of these currents and the nature and distribution of their deposits require an understanding of their turbulent structure. To this end, a series of experiments was conducted with turbulent, subcritical, brine underflows in a rectangular lock-exchange tank. Laser-Doppler anemometry was used to construct a two-dimensional picture of the velocity structure. The velocity maximum within the gravity current occurs at y/d approximate to 0.2. The shape of the velocity profile is governed by the differing and interfering effects of the lower (rigid) and upper (diffuse) boundaries and can be approximated with the law of the wall up to the velocity maximum and a cumulative Gaussian distribution from the velocity maximum to the ambient interface. Mean motion within the Plead consists of a single large vortex and an overall motion of fluid away from the bed, and this largely undiluted fluid becomes rapidly mixed with ambient fluid in the wake region. The distribution of turbulence within the current is heterogeneous and controlled by the location of large eddies that dominate the turbulent energy spectrum and scale with flow thickness. Turbulent kinetic energy reaches a maximum in the shear layer at the upper boundary of the flow where the large eddies are generated and is at a minimum, near the velocity maximum where fluid shear is low. C1 Univ Leeds, Dept Earth Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Kneller, BC (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Dept Earth Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. NR 28 TC 113 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 104 IS C3 BP 5381 EP 5391 DI 10.1029/1998JC900077 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 177YZ UT WOS:000079239800016 ER PT J AU Akkina, JE Hogue, AT Angulo, FJ Johnson, R Petersen, KE Saini, PK Fedorka-Cray, PJ Schlosser, WD AF Akkina, JE Hogue, AT Angulo, FJ Johnson, R Petersen, KE Saini, PK Fedorka-Cray, PJ Schlosser, WD TI Epidemiologic aspects, control, and importance of multiple-drug resistant Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 in the United States SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; CATTLE; MANAGEMENT; OUTBREAK; FEED; PIGS C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, Vet Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth, Vet Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Foodborne & Diarrheal Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Div Microbiol, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Akkina, JE (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, Vet Serv, USDA, 555 S Howes St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 47 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 214 IS 6 BP 790 EP 798 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 179YH UT WOS:000079357600016 PM 10101410 ER PT J AU Ahuja, JKC Steinfeldt, LC Perloff, BP AF Ahuja, JKC Steinfeldt, LC Perloff, BP TI Data needs versus outcomes in a national survey. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS, USDA, BHNRC, FSRG, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A603 EP A603 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303474 ER PT J AU Aiello, GM Gale, B Paschall, K Bonnell, E King, JC Van Loan, MD AF Aiello, GM Gale, B Paschall, K Bonnell, E King, JC Van Loan, MD TI Comparison of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and NaBr (Br) dilution methods for measuring extracellular fluid (ECF) during pregnancy SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A259 EP A259 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301495 ER PT J AU Albaugh, GP Smith, JC AF Albaugh, GP Smith, JC TI Green and black tea extracts affect viability and RNA metabolism of Wurzburg SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Phytonutrients Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A232 EP A232 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301336 ER PT J AU Allen, LH Penland, JG Boy, E DeBaessa, Y Rogers, LM AF Allen, LH Penland, JG Boy, E DeBaessa, Y Rogers, LM TI Cognitive and neuromotor performance of Guatemalan schoolers with deficient, marginal, and normal plasma vitamin B-12. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Davis, Program Int Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. INCAP, Guatemala City, Guatemala. NR 0 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A544 EP A544 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303136 ER PT J AU Allen, PC AF Allen, PC TI Effect of oral indomethacin treatment on chickens infected with coccidiosis (Eimeria acervulina). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, LPSI, PBEL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A632 EP A632 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303647 ER PT J AU Anand, RS Basiotis, PP Klein, BW AF Anand, RS Basiotis, PP Klein, BW TI Profile of children with high body mass index. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A596 EP A596 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303432 ER PT J AU Andres, LP Provost, S Roubenoff, R Frontera, W Sacheck, J Brown, WF AF Andres, LP Provost, S Roubenoff, R Frontera, W Sacheck, J Brown, WF TI Lack of adaptation of single human thenar motor units to six weeks of static resistance training. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A409 EP A409 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302356 ER PT J AU Ashwell, CM Richards, MP Brocht, DM McMurtry, JP AF Ashwell, CM Richards, MP Brocht, DM McMurtry, JP TI Leptin expression patterns in embryonic development SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Inst Livestock & Poultry Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A442 EP A442 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302550 ER PT J AU Beharka, AA Serafini, M Wu, D Ha, WK Meydani, SN AF Beharka, AA Serafini, M Wu, D Ha, WK Meydani, SN TI Vitamin E (E) inhibits macrophage (M phi) cyclooxygenase (Cox) activity through peroxynitrite (ONOO) production. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, HNRCA, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A536 EP A536 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303091 ER PT J AU Bermudez, OI Tucker, KL AF Bermudez, OI Tucker, KL TI Estimating stature of frail Hispanic elders with ethnic-specific knee height regression equations SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRC, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A535 EP A535 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303083 ER PT J AU Bonnel, E Woodhouse, LR Shames, DM Lowe, NM Jackson, MJ Turnlund, JR King, JC AF Bonnel, E Woodhouse, LR Shames, DM Lowe, NM Jackson, MJ Turnlund, JR King, JC TI Effect of acute zinc depletion on a compartmental analysis of zinc kinetics SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RI Lowe, Nicola/B-5472-2013 OI Lowe, Nicola/0000-0002-6934-2768 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A569 EP A569 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303281 ER PT J AU Booth, SL Conlin, RS Kaszynski, BB Davidson, KW AF Booth, SL Conlin, RS Kaszynski, BB Davidson, KW TI Comparison of younger and older adults in absorption of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) from vegetable and oil sources. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A239 EP A239 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301377 ER PT J AU Booth, SL O'Brien-Morse, M Saltzman, E Lichtenstein, AH McKeown, NM Wood, RJ Gundberg, CM AF Booth, SL O'Brien-Morse, M Saltzman, E Lichtenstein, AH McKeown, NM Wood, RJ Gundberg, CM TI Influence of dietary vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) on bone resorption. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A580 EP A580 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303345 ER PT J AU Borrud, L Hama, M Nowverl, A AF Borrud, L Hama, M Nowverl, A TI Food and nutrient intakes by food sufficiency status in the United States. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Foods Surveys Res Grp, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A263 EP A263 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301519 ER PT J AU Castaneda, C Bermudez, OI Becker, E Tucker, KL AF Castaneda, C Bermudez, OI Becker, E Tucker, KL TI Is diabetes a predictor of poor protein nutritional status among Hispanic elders SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRC, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A534 EP A534 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303082 ER PT J AU Champagne, CM Stuff, J Zaghloul, S Connell, C Forrester, I Dawkins, N Szeto, K Sharbaugh, C Bogle, ML AF Champagne, CM Stuff, J Zaghloul, S Connell, C Forrester, I Dawkins, N Szeto, K Sharbaugh, C Bogle, ML TI Comparison of telephone and in-person 24-hour dietary interviews in a rural population. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A603 EP A603 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303471 ER PT J AU Chang, SC O'Brien, KO Zavaleta, N Caulfield, LE Abrams, SA Bannon, D AF Chang, SC O'Brien, KO Zavaleta, N Caulfield, LE Abrams, SA Bannon, D TI The impact of Fe & Zn supplements on the mineral content of colostrum. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Inst Invest Nutric, Lima, Peru. Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, CNRC, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A255 EP A255 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301473 ER PT J AU Chung, JY Liu, C Dangler, CA Fox, JG Russell, RM Wang, XD AF Chung, JY Liu, C Dangler, CA Fox, JG Russell, RM Wang, XD TI The effect of beta-carotene supplementation on the p53 gene expression in the gastric mucosa of Helicobacter mustelae infected ferrets. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, JM Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. MIT, Div Comparat Med, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A551 EP A551 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303177 ER PT J AU De Lorenzo, A Andreoli, A Fusco, A Magnani, A Bertoli, A Van Loan, M AF De Lorenzo, A Andreoli, A Fusco, A Magnani, A Bertoli, A Van Loan, M TI Body fluid compartments in subclinical hypothyroidism. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Rome, I-00133 Rome, Italy. USDA, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A262 EP A262 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301512 ER PT J AU Ding, ST McNeel, RL Mersmann, HJ AF Ding, ST McNeel, RL Mersmann, HJ TI Expression of transcripts for transcription factors and adipocyte-related proteins in neonatal pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A236 EP A236 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301364 ER PT J AU Ding, ST Mersmann, HJ AF Ding, ST Mersmann, HJ TI Effect of fatty acids on porcine adipocyte differentiation and on transcripts for transcription factors and adipocyte-related proteins. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pedia, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A236 EP A236 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301361 ER PT J AU Donangelo, CM Woodhouse, LR Mertz, SD Welch, RM King, JC Viteri, FE AF Donangelo, CM Woodhouse, LR Mertz, SD Welch, RM King, JC Viteri, FE TI Both intrinsic and extrinsic iron absorption from a high iron bean variety tends to be lower than from a low iron variety in young women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A242 EP A242 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301398 ER PT J AU During, A Smith, MK Smith, JC AF During, A Smith, MK Smith, JC TI Inhibition by desferrioxamine of intestinal beta-carotene 15,15 '-dioxygenase in human-derived cells/tissue. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Phytonutrients Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Westchester Cty Med Ctr, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. RI During, Alexandrine/I-5405-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A211 EP A211 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301220 ER PT J AU Egger, N Sandstead, H Penland, J Alcock, N Plotkin, R Rocco, C Daval, H Zavaleta, A AF Egger, N Sandstead, H Penland, J Alcock, N Plotkin, R Rocco, C Daval, H Zavaleta, A TI Zinc supplementation improves growth in Mexican-American children. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. Brownsville Comm Hlth Ctr, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A246 EP A246 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301419 ER PT J AU Ellis, KJ Abrams, SA Wong, WW AF Ellis, KJ Abrams, SA Wong, WW TI How accurate is the body mass index in the assessment of childhood obesity? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A596 EP A596 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303434 ER PT J AU Ellis, KJ Shypailo, RJ Wong, WW AF Ellis, KJ Shypailo, RJ Wong, WW TI Assessment of body water measurements in children using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A596 EP A596 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303430 ER PT J AU Ferreira, ALA Yeum, KJ Liu, C Wang, XD Russell, RM AF Ferreira, ALA Yeum, KJ Liu, C Wang, XD Russell, RM TI Tissue distribution of lycopene in ferrets after supplementing lycopene for 45 days. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNESP, Fac Med, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A552 EP A552 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303185 ER PT J AU Finley, J AF Finley, J TI The interaction between dietary fat type and dietary manganese concentration affects manganese absorption and retention in rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A545 EP A545 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303141 ER PT J AU Fiorotto, M Puppi, M Davis, T Reeds, P Burrin, D AF Fiorotto, M Puppi, M Davis, T Reeds, P Burrin, D TI Colostrum-feeding increases myosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNA abundance in skeletal muscle of newborn piglets. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A53 EP A53 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033300301 ER PT J AU Friedmann, JM Klein, GL Seale, JL Jensen, GL Smiciklas-Wright, H AF Friedmann, JM Klein, GL Seale, JL Jensen, GL Smiciklas-Wright, H TI Comparison of published equations for predicting total body water from bioelectrical impedance: Application to older persons. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PennState Geisinger Med Ctr, Danville, PA 17822 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A592 EP A592 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303410 ER PT J AU Fritsche, S Solomon, MB Rumsey, TS AF Fritsche, S Solomon, MB Rumsey, TS TI Influence of growth promoting implants on morphology of longissimus muscle in growing steers. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A53 EP A53 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033300304 ER PT J AU Giusti, AR Gonsalves, JL McCrory, M Kern, M Van Loan, M Mole, PA AF Giusti, AR Gonsalves, JL McCrory, M Kern, M Van Loan, M Mole, PA TI Comparison of reliability and validity of BOD POD with hydrostatic weighing over 1-week interval SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Tufts Univ, USDA, HNRCA, Medford, MA 02155 USA. CSU, San Francisco, CA USA. USDA, WHNRC, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A260 EP A260 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301498 ER PT J AU Griffin, IJ Shames, DM King, JC Abrams, SA AF Griffin, IJ Shames, DM King, JC Abrams, SA TI A multi-compartmental zinc kinetic model in children. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutrit Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A214 EP A214 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301238 ER PT J AU Han, O Wood, RJ AF Han, O Wood, RJ TI Pro-inflammatory cytokines increase the expression of HFE protein in human intestinal cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A537 EP A537 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303099 ER PT J AU Hance, KW Wood, RJ Fleet, JC AF Hance, KW Wood, RJ Fleet, JC TI Interactions between genomic and non-genomic actions of calcitriol in Caco-2 cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ N Carolina, Grad Program Nutr, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A209 EP A209 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301207 ER PT J AU Horn, WF Gale, BJ Chau, WT Keim, NL AF Horn, WF Gale, BJ Chau, WT Keim, NL TI Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on appetite in women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. RI Horn, William/B-8332-2009 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A226 EP A226 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301303 ER PT J AU Huang, CY Suarez, DL Mason, HS AF Huang, CY Suarez, DL Mason, HS TI Expression of recombinant influenza virus antigens in transgenic plants as an oral vaccine for poultry SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A290 EP A290 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301673 ER PT J AU Hunt, CD Idso, JP Keehr, KA AF Hunt, CD Idso, JP Keehr, KA TI Dietary boron alleviates adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) and changes the blood concentrations of neutrophil, CD8a, and natural killer cells in rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A545 EP A545 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303143 ER PT J AU Hunt, JR Roughead, ZK AF Hunt, JR Roughead, ZK TI Adaptation in iron absorption: Daily iron supplements reduce nonheme, but not heme iron absorption from a meat-based meal. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A242 EP A242 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301399 ER PT J AU Ishiwata, K Lunney, JK Urban, JF AF Ishiwata, K Lunney, JK Urban, JF TI Flow cytometric analysis of mucosal immune responses to Ascaris suum trickle infection in pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Miyazaki Med Coll, Miyazaki 88916, Japan. USDA ARS, Immunol & Dis Resistance Lab, IDRL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A292 EP A292 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301685 ER PT J AU Jalla, S Sazawal, S Hambidge, KM Veillon, C Patterson, K Menon, VP Padma, P Black, RE AF Jalla, S Sazawal, S Hambidge, KM Veillon, C Patterson, K Menon, VP Padma, P Black, RE TI Absorption of zinc in children in developing countries. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. USDA, Beltsville, MD 20742 USA. Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A376 EP A376 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302175 ER PT J AU Jiang, R Chang, X Stoll, B Fan, M Burrin, DG AF Jiang, R Chang, X Stoll, B Fan, M Burrin, DG TI Biological effects of dietary plasma protein on small intestinal mass and morphology in early weaned pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A258 EP A258 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301489 ER PT J AU Johnson, WT AF Johnson, WT TI Effects of copper deficiency and food restriction on cytochrome c oxidase, manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and protein oxidation in liver and heart mitochondria. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A571 EP A571 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303292 ER PT J AU Kang, YJ Wu, HY Saari, JT AF Kang, YJ Wu, HY Saari, JT TI Suppression of copper deficiency-induced hypertrophy in metallothionein overexpressing transgenic mouse hearts. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A371 EP A371 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302143 ER PT J AU Kim, HS Hausman, GJ Hausman, DB Martin, RJ Dean, RG AF Kim, HS Hausman, GJ Hausman, DB Martin, RJ Dean, RG TI The expression of cyclin D1 during adipogenesis in pig primary stromal-vascular (S-V) cultures. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Foods & Nutr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Anim Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Anim Physiol Unit, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A235 EP A235 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301355 ER PT J AU Kitta, K Jones, LR Shi, SS Blumberg, JB Suzuki, YJ AF Kitta, K Jones, LR Shi, SS Blumberg, JB Suzuki, YJ TI Angiotensin II receptor gene expression in transgenic mouse hearts overexpressing calsequestrin. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Krannert Inst Cardiol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A438 EP A438 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302527 ER PT J AU Klevay, LM Christopherson, DM Shuler, TR AF Klevay, LM Christopherson, DM Shuler, TR TI Multiple toxic elements in hair of one man over two decades. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A222 EP A222 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301282 ER EF