FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU LAWRENCE, VA CORNELL, JE MULROW, CD DHANDA, R HILSENBECK, SG AF LAWRENCE, VA CORNELL, JE MULROW, CD DHANDA, R HILSENBECK, SG TI COMORBIDITY AND RISK OF POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A520 EP A520 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76102325 ER PT J AU MOY, RL MCHUGH, T UYEMURA, K MODLIN, RL AF MOY, RL MCHUGH, T UYEMURA, K MODLIN, RL TI THE LOCAL IMMUNE-RESPONSE IN SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA CONSISTS OF A DISTINCT TYPE-2 CYTOKINE PATTERN SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DIV DERMATOL, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM HOSP, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A422 EP A422 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76101740 ER PT J AU MULROW, CD GERETY, MB CORNELL, JE LAWRENCE, VA KANTEN, DN AF MULROW, CD GERETY, MB CORNELL, JE LAWRENCE, VA KANTEN, DN TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DISEASE, FUNCTION, AND PERCEIVED HEALTH IN VERY FRAIL ELDERS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A530 EP A530 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76102380 ER PT J AU NGUYEN, Q DAVISBOUTTE, W TONG, A HUANG, L UYEMURA, K MODLIN, R MOY, R AF NGUYEN, Q DAVISBOUTTE, W TONG, A HUANG, L UYEMURA, K MODLIN, R MOY, R TI THE EFFECTS OF INTERFERON-ALPHA AND INTERLEUKIN-2 ON CYTOKINE PATTERNS IN A BASAL-CELL CARCINOMA SKIN EXPLANT MODEL SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR, JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR, DIV DERMATOL, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A465 EP A465 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76101996 ER PT J AU REDDY, SV NECKARS, L DALLAS, M WILLIAMS, R ROODMAN, GD AF REDDY, SV NECKARS, L DALLAS, M WILLIAMS, R ROODMAN, GD TI ANTISENSE CONSTRUCTS TO IL-6 MESSENGER-RNA INHIBIT BONE-RESORPTION BY OSTEOCLASTS (OCL) FROM GIANT-CELL TUMORS (GCT) OF BONE SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS SAN ANTONIO, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78285 USA. NIH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A184 EP A184 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76100403 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, J MULROW, C GERETY, M AGUILAR, C MEDINA, A MURPHY, AL AF WILLIAMS, J MULROW, C GERETY, M AGUILAR, C MEDINA, A MURPHY, AL TI FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN MEXICAN-AMERICANS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A591 EP A591 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76102748 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, J MULROW, C GERETY, M DAVIS, J AF WILLIAMS, J MULROW, C GERETY, M DAVIS, J TI SOCIAL NEEDS AND SUBTHRESHOLD DEPRESSION SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A583 EP A583 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76102702 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JW KERBER, C MULROW, CD GERETY, MB AGUILLAR, C AF WILLIAMS, JW KERBER, C MULROW, CD GERETY, MB AGUILLAR, C TI DIAGNOSING DEPRESSIVE-DISORDERS - OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MEDICAL OUTCOMES STUDY DEPRESSION SCREEN SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A583 EP A583 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76102701 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL AF WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL TI DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT VARIABILITY FOR MANAGING ACUTE SINUSITIS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DURHAM VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DURHAM,NC. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27706. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A566 EP A566 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76102596 ER PT J AU YOHN, J SMITH, C STEVENS, T MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M AF YOHN, J SMITH, C STEVENS, T MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M TI IDENTIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL ENDOTHELIN-1 RECEPTORS IN CULTURED HUMAN-MALIGNANT MELANOMA-CELLS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CU SCH MED,DENVER VAMC,DEPT DERMATOL,DENVER,CO. CU SCH MED,DENVER VAMC,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO. CU CANC CTR,DENVER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP A493 EP A493 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KW761 UT WOS:A1993KW76102164 ER PT J AU COLWELL, JA AF COLWELL, JA TI IS IT TIME TO INTRODUCE METFORMIN IN THE UNITED-STATES SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Note ID INSULIN C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DIV ENDOCRINOL DIABET METAB, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RP COLWELL, JA (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA, RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, 171 ASHLEY AVE, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD APR PY 1993 VL 16 IS 4 BP 653 EP 655 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KU330 UT WOS:A1993KU33000020 PM 8462396 ER PT J AU OHNING, GV LLOYD, KCK WONG, HC WALSH, JH AF OHNING, GV LLOYD, KCK WONG, HC WALSH, JH TI ENDOGENOUS SOMATOSTATIN REGULATES GASTRIN-RELEASE WITHOUT AFFECTING ANTRAL GASTRIN CONTENT IN FASTED RATS - DEMONSTRATION BY SOMATOSTATIN IMMUNONEUTRALIZATION SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VAMC,DDC,CURE,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1993 VL 104 IS 4 SU S BP A844 EP A844 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA KX957 UT WOS:A1993KX95703352 ER PT J AU SEE, JA JENSEN, DM JUTABHA, R MACHICADO, GA HIRABAYASHI, K AF SEE, JA JENSEN, DM JUTABHA, R MACHICADO, GA HIRABAYASHI, K TI A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-STUDY OF METRONIDAZOLE IN HEALING ULCERATIONS AFTER COAGULATION IN THE RIGHT COLON OF DOGS SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, CURE, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1993 VL 104 IS 4 SU S BP A279 EP A279 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA KX957 UT WOS:A1993KX95701108 ER PT J AU OBERLEY, TD COURSIN, DB CIHLA, HP OBERLEY, LW ELSAYYAD, N HO, YS AF OBERLEY, TD COURSIN, DB CIHLA, HP OBERLEY, LW ELSAYYAD, N HO, YS TI IMMUNOLOCALIZATION OF MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE IN NORMAL AND TRANSGENIC MICE EXPRESSING THE HUMAN ENZYME SO HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SYRIAN-HAMSTER TISSUES; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; KIDNEY DEVELOPMENT; XANTHINE-OXIDASE; CELLS; RADICALS AB The localization of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was determined using immunohistochemistry of various tissues of normal and transgenic mice which express the human enzyme, with emphasis on studies of mouse kidney and lung. Mouse kidney and lung were studied using both frozen section analysis and paraffin sections following fixation in a variety of fixatives. Formalin fixation resulted in a loss of antigenicity, while fixation in zinc formalin or B5 fixative gave results similar to those from frozen sections. Immunoperoxidase studies using antibodies to MnSOD showed greater staining in transgenic kidney or lung than in identical tissues in normal mice when appropriate fixation was used. In contrast, equal immunostaining was obtained in kidney or lung from normal and transgenic mice when antibodies to catalase or copper zinc superoxide dismutase were utilized. Immunogold ultrastructural analysis of MnSOD localization for lung and kidney was also performed. As compared to normal mice, transgenic mice exhibited greater staining of the mitochondria of kidney interstitial fibroblasts and glomerular, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. In the lungs of transgenic animals, all cells showed increased staining; smooth muscle cells demonstrated the most marked increase in immunolabelling. The results indicate that these transgenic mice overexpress MnSOD in their mitochondria, and that this occurs selectively in at least some mesenchymal tissues. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV IOWA,RADIAT RES LAB,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,DURHAM,NC 27710. RP OBERLEY, TD (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LAB SERV,PATHOL SECT,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-41267]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-39585, HL-44571] NR 29 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0018-2214 J9 HISTOCHEM J JI Histochem.J. PD APR PY 1993 VL 25 IS 4 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.1007/BF00159118 PG 13 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA KY964 UT WOS:A1993KY96400002 PM 8491667 ER PT J AU VIRELLA, G VIRELLA, I LEMAN, RB PRYOR, MB LOPESVIRELLA, MF AF VIRELLA, G VIRELLA, I LEMAN, RB PRYOR, MB LOPESVIRELLA, MF TI ANTI-OXIDIZED LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART-DISEASE AND NORMAL HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & LABORATORY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ANTI-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE COMPLEXES; CORONARY HEART DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; AUTOIMMUNITY ID FOAM CELL-FORMATION; CIRCULATING IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; VASCULAR DISEASES; AUTOANTIBODIES; PEROXIDATION; FIBROBLASTS; DEGRADATION; XANTHOMA; PLASMA; INVIVO AB We have developed a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibodies. Most sera showed some degree of non-specific binding to plates coated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein and the autoantibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein often appeared to have a relatively low affinity. To differentiate between specific and non-specific binding each sample was tested untreated and after absorption with oxidized low-density lipoprotein. The optical densities obtained with dilutions of the absorbed sample were considered to reflect non-specific binding and were subtracted from values obtained with identical dilutions of the unabsorbed sample, to yield corrected values from which the concentrations of anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibody were calculated. Similar absorptions with native low-density lipoprotein and oxidized human serum albumin failed to induce a significant reduction in binding to immobilized oxidized low-density lipoprotein proving that the antibodies measured by this assay are primarily specific for oxidized low-density lipoprotein. We studied sera from two groups of individuals: (1) 33 subjects submitted to coronary angiography and split into two subgroups depending on the degree of coronary stenosis and (2) 64 healthy individuals also split into two subgroups according to lipid levels. Anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibodies were detected both in patients and healthy individuals. Higher levels were detected in patients with moderate coronary disease and hyperlipemic healthy individuals, but the differences between patients and healthy volunteers or between their respective subgroups did not reach statistical significance. Our results suggest that autoantibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein are relatively frequent in both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The investigation of their potential role as a risk factor will require mass screening and long-term follow-up. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL METAB NUTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP VIRELLA, G (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,171 ASHLEY ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 33 TC 130 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0940-5437 J9 INT J CLIN LAB RES JI Int. J. Clin. Lab. Res. PD APR PY 1993 VL 23 IS 2 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1007/BF02592290 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA LC695 UT WOS:A1993LC69500008 PM 8518420 ER PT J AU RABENECK, L AF RABENECK, L TI DIAGNOSTIC WORK-UP STRATEGIES FOR PATIENTS WITH HIV-RELATED CHRONIC DIARRHEA - WHAT IS THE END RESULT SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; DIARRHEA; DIAGNOSTIC TESTS; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; INTESTINAL INFECTIONS; SYNDROME AIDS; DISEASE; COMPLEX; TRIAL AB The intensity of diagnostic workup of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related chronic diarrhea is controversial. In the ideal setting in which an enteric pathogen is detected with minimal evaluation (stool tests) and in which specific treatment clears the diarrhea, eradicates the pathogen, and improves the patient's quality of life, the need for diagnostic workup is clear. However, problems frequently occur in the evaluation and treatment of patients that preclude such a straightforward approach. They are (a) failure to detect enteric pathogens; (b) detection of organisms of uncertain significance; (c) lack of effective treatment; (d) the presence of a severe coexisting illness that is the major determinant of the patient's outcome; and (e) lack of evidence that detecting enteric pathogens leads to improvement in broad patient outcomes, such as quality of life. I discuss these, problems and examine the two opposing diagnostic workup strategies-minimal and intensive evaluation-that have been advocated. My main conclusion is that both approaches fall short, and that clinicians lack the information needed to guide clinical decision making. I urge investigators to analyze the full effects of alternative diagnostic interventions on broad patient outcomes so that clinical guidelines can be developed to assist the evaluation of patients. RP RABENECK, L (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR 111D,BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD APR PY 1993 VL 16 IS 3 BP 245 EP 250 DI 10.1097/00004836-199304000-00018 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA KW992 UT WOS:A1993KW99200017 PM 8505500 ER PT J AU BASILE, JN LIEL, Y SHARY, J BELL, NH AF BASILE, JN LIEL, Y SHARY, J BELL, NH TI INCREASED CALCIUM INTAKE DOES NOT SUPPRESS CIRCULATING 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D IN NORMOCALCEMIC PATIENTS WITH SARCOIDOSIS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE SARCOIDOSIS; CALCIUM; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME ID CULTURED ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; DIETARY CALCIUM; VITAMIN-D; SERUM; METABOLISM; HUMANS; ASSAY; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHOSPHATE AB Ca absorption is regulated by 1,25(OH)2D, and serum values vary inversely with Ca intake. In sarcoidosis, 1,25(OH)2D is produced by alveolar macrophages in response to gamma-interferon, and patients may develop hypercalcemia after prolonged exposure to sunlight and increased dermal production of vitamin D3. To determine if increased Ca intake suppresses serum 1,25(OH)2D in normocalcemic patients and to identify those at risk, 17 normal subjects and 11 patients were studied on a metabolic ward for two and one-half days while receiving first 400 and then 1,000 mg/d of Ca. On the low Ca intake, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an index of disease activity, was higher in only three of the patients than in the controls, mean serum 1,25(OH)2D was higher in the patients, and mean serum total Ca, serum Ca++, and urinary Ca were not different in the two groups. On the higher Ca intake, mean urinary Ca increased in both groups, but mean serum 1,25(OH)2D was suppressed only in the normal subjects. Thus, 1,25(OH)2D production is abnormally regulated, indicating that (a) normocalcemic patients with sarcoidosis are at risk for developing abnormal Ca metabolism, and (b) a better index of disease activity is provided by the oral Ca suppression test than by serum ACE. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR01070]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR36066] NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD APR PY 1993 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1396 EP 1398 DI 10.1172/JCI116342 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KY052 UT WOS:A1993KY05200021 PM 8386185 ER PT J AU SMITH, C YOHN, J STEVENS, T MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M AF SMITH, C YOHN, J STEVENS, T MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M TI EVIDENCE FOR AN ENDOTHELIN-1 AUTOCRINE SYSTEM IN NORMAL HUMAN KERATINOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT DERMATOL,DENVER,CO 80202. UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT CHEM,DENVER,CO 80202. DENVER VAMC,DENVER,CO. UNIV COLORADO,CTR CANC,DENVER,CO 80202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1993 VL 100 IS 4 BP 494 EP 494 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA KW395 UT WOS:A1993KW39500332 ER PT J AU YOHN, J SMITH, C STEVENS, T MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M AF YOHN, J SMITH, C STEVENS, T MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M TI IDENTIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL ENDOTHELIN-1 RECEPTORS IN CULTURED HUMAN-MALIGNANT MELANOMA-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT DERMATOL,DENVER,CO 80202. UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80202. DENVER VAMC,DENVER,CO. UNIV COLORADO,CTR CANC,DENVER,CO 80202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1993 VL 100 IS 4 BP 494 EP 494 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA KW395 UT WOS:A1993KW39500335 ER PT J AU MOY, RL MCHUGH, T UYEMURA, K MODLIN, RL AF MOY, RL MCHUGH, T UYEMURA, K MODLIN, RL TI THE LOCAL IMMUNE-RESPONSE IN SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA CONSISTS OF A DISTINCT TYPE-2 CYTOKINE PATTERN SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DIV DERMATOL, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM HOSP, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1993 VL 100 IS 4 BP 537 EP 537 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA KW395 UT WOS:A1993KW39500595 ER PT J AU NGUYEN, Q DAVISBOUTTE, W TONG, A HUANG, L UYEMURA, K MODLIN, R MOY, R AF NGUYEN, Q DAVISBOUTTE, W TONG, A HUANG, L UYEMURA, K MODLIN, R MOY, R TI THE EFFECTS OF INTERFERON-ALPHA AND INTERLEUKIN-2 ON CYTOKINE PATTERNS IN A BASAL-CELL CARCINOMA SKIN EXPLANT MODEL SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UCLA DIV DERMATOL,W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1993 VL 100 IS 4 BP 570 EP 570 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA KW395 UT WOS:A1993KW39500793 ER PT J AU VEERAPEN, K SCHUMACHER, HR VANLINTHOUDT, D NEILSON, EG WANG, F AF VEERAPEN, K SCHUMACHER, HR VANLINTHOUDT, D NEILSON, EG WANG, F TI TOPHACEOUS GOUT IN YOUNG-PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TOPHUS; GOUT; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS ID COEXISTENT GOUT; DEPOSITION; DISEASE AB Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and gout have been associated infrequently. We describe 3 young adults with SLE who developed tophaceous gout relatively early in the course of their disease. All were underexcretors of uric acid but were studied after the development of renal disease; 2 were treated with diuretics. In 2 cases, gout became obvious while lupus was quiescent. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ARTHRIT IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV HOSP KUALA LUMPUR,DEPT MED,KUALA LUMPUR,MALAYSIA. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD APR PY 1993 VL 20 IS 4 BP 721 EP 724 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA KY515 UT WOS:A1993KY51500024 PM 8496872 ER PT J AU DRINKA, PJ LANGER, EH VOEKS, SK GOODWIN, JS AF DRINKA, PJ LANGER, EH VOEKS, SK GOODWIN, JS TI LOW SERUM FOLIC-ACID LEVELS IN A NURSING-HOME POPULATION - A CLINICAL-EXPERIENCE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE SERUM FOLIC ACID; NURSING HOME ID NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; VITAMIN; ANEMIA AB Four hundred fifty-five residents of the Wisconsin Veterans Home had fasting serum specimens obtained for folic acid as part of standard practice. Twenty-nine percent were taking folic acid supplements. Six percent (n = 28) were taking phenytoin, a folate antagonist. No resident receiving a folate supplement (400 mcg/day) had a low serum folic acid level. This finding may be important for practitioners selecting a dose of folic acid for nursing home patients. Of the 325 residents not receiving a folate supplement, nine (3%) had low folic acid levels (<2.5 ng/mL). Two of the nine were receiving phenytoin. Five were characterized by staff as eating well. As low serum levels are preventable with a multivitamin, we believe that supplementation with a multivitamin containing 400 mcg folic acid/day should be considered in nursing home residents. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,MADISON,WI 53706. RP DRINKA, PJ (reprint author), WISCONSIN VET HOME,KING,WI 54946, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL NUTRITION PI NEW YORK PA C/O HOSP. JOINT DIS. 301 E. 17TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10003 SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD APR PY 1993 VL 12 IS 2 BP 186 EP 189 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA KU485 UT WOS:A1993KU48500013 PM 8463516 ER PT J AU SWEET, MJ ZWILLING, L AF SWEET, MJ ZWILLING, L TI THE 1ST MEDICALIZATION - THE TAXONOMY AND ETIOLOGY OF QUEERNESS IN CLASSICAL INDIAN MEDICINE SO JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF SEXUALITY LA English DT Article C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ENGLISH,MADISON,WI 53706. MIDDLETON VET ADM HOSP,MIDDLETON,WI. RP SWEET, MJ (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 81 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1043-4070 J9 J HIST SEXUALITY JI J. Hist. Sex. PD APR PY 1993 VL 3 IS 4 BP 590 EP 607 PG 18 WC History; Sociology SC History; Sociology GA KR983 UT WOS:A1993KR98300003 PM 11623132 ER PT J AU PONICHTERAMULCARE, JA AF PONICHTERAMULCARE, JA TI EXERCISE AND MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE MUSCLE STRENGTH; AEROBIC EXERCISE CAPACITY; AUTONOMIC CARDIOVASCULAR REFLEXES; REHABILITATION ID HEART-RATE; MUSCLE; TEMPERATURE; CONDUCTION; IMPAIRMENT; SCALE AB Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease characterized by a variety of potentially debilitating symptoms. The manner in which the disease affects each individual is unique: however, many individuals with MS have a normal life expectancy and remain ambulatory throughout their lives. Very little research has focused on understanding how MS affects basic physiologic responses during exercise. Four general topics have been addressed: autonomic control of heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory fitness. skeletal muscle function, and symptom instability under thermal stress. Abnormalities in cardiovascular reflexes have been observed in some MS individuals during quiescent testing; however, HR and BP responses during exercise have not confirmed such findings. Deficits in cardiorespiratory fitness appear to be present in moderately impaired individuals, which are not always present in minimally impaired persons. Similarly, abnormalities in skeletal muscle function have been reported in some individuals with MS, while absent in others. Training appears to improve both cardiorespiratory illness and skeletal muscle function. Findings appear to be indirectly influenced by the level of physical impairment of the experimental sample. This factor needs to be considered in sample selection, as well as in analyzing and reporting data. Elicitation of symptoms in response to thermal stressors has been documented by several investigators using unreliable techniques to measure core temperature. The use of more valid methods during rest and exercise have not confirmed the relationship between symptoms and core temperature changes. It may be that thermal sensitivity, although typically reported by most MS individuals, is a symptom that is very unique to each individual and sample selection may have indirectly contaminated results in past research. Considerations for future research are discussed. C1 WRIGHT STATE UNIV,SCH MED,US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,DAYTON VET ADM MED CTR,DAYTON,OH 45428. NR 57 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD APR PY 1993 VL 25 IS 4 BP 451 EP 465 PG 15 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA KW796 UT WOS:A1993KW79600006 PM 8479299 ER PT J AU RITZMANN, RF KLING, A MELCHIOR, CL GLASKY, AJ AF RITZMANN, RF KLING, A MELCHIOR, CL GLASKY, AJ TI EFFECT OF AGE AND STRAIN ON WORKING MEMORY IN MICE AS MEASURED BY WIN-SHIFT PARADIGM SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE WORKING MEMORY; MICE; AGE; STRAIN; MEMORY DEFICIT; PHYSOSTIGMINE; TACRINE ID RAT AB Working memory is disrupted in Alzheimer's disease and stroke; therefore, any therapeutic drug should restore deficits in working memory. The win-shift foraging paradigm has been demonstrated to be a model of working memory in rats. In the present study, this paradigm was adapted to mice because of the greater ease and economy of testing potential drugs in mice and the wider availability of strains of aged mice with naturally occurring working memory deficits. This study has demonstrated strain differences in the working memory trace and that age induces a deficit that can be detected at 11 months of age in mice. Tacrine and physostigmine enhance the memory trace in normal mice and physostigmine can reverse age-induced working memory deficits in subjects with mild and moderate deficits but not in subjects with severe deficits. C1 OLIVE VIEW MED CTR,EDUC & RES INST,SYLMAR,CA 91342. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. SEPULVEDA VET ADM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP RITZMANN, RF (reprint author), ADVANCED IMMUNO THERAPEUT,IRVINE,CA 92680, USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [NIAAA 08709]; PHS HHS [NIA 09911] NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD APR PY 1993 VL 44 IS 4 BP 805 EP 807 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90009-I PG 3 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KU641 UT WOS:A1993KU64100009 PM 8469692 ER PT J AU SIMON, PM GRIFFIN, DM LANDRY, DM SKATRUD, JB AF SIMON, PM GRIFFIN, DM LANDRY, DM SKATRUD, JB TI INHIBITION OF RESPIRATORY ACTIVITY DURING PASSIVE VENTILATION - A ROLE FOR INTERCOSTAL AFFERENTS SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MAMMALS, HUMANS; RECEPTORS, INTERCOSTAL, FEEDBACK INSPIRATORY MUSCLES; RESPIRATORY MUSCLES, INSPIRATORY, FEEDBACK INHIBITION ID TENDON ORGANS; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; INSPIRATORY ACTIVITY; AIR HUNGER; HUMANS; BREATHLESSNESS; QUADRIPLEGICS; FREQUENCY; BLOCKADE; NEURONS AB The purpose of this study was to determine whether receptors from the rib cage are primarily responsible for inhibitory feedback of inspiratory muscle activity during mechanical ventilation. Seven quadriplegics with C5-C6 lesions were compared to 6 normals during mechanical ventilation. All subjects were mechanically hyperventilated with a nasal mask to suppress intrinsic inspiratory muscle activity. End-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PET(CO2)) was increased by either adding CO2 (FI(CO2)) or decreasing tidal volume (V(T)) until reoccurrence of inspiratory activity, defined as the recruitment threshold (P(CO2)Rt). The difference between P(CO2)RT and eupneic PET(CO2) indicated the presence and magnitude of volume-related inhibition of inspiratory muscle activity during mechanical ventilation. Substantial inhibition of inspiratory activity was observed in both quadriplegics and normals. We conclude that afferent information from the rib cage is not obligatory for the mediation of volume-related inhibition of inspiratory muscle activity during mechanical ventilation. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED RES SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,JOHN RANKIN LAB PULM MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD APR PY 1993 VL 92 IS 1 BP 53 EP 64 DI 10.1016/0034-5687(93)90119-U PG 12 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA KY187 UT WOS:A1993KY18700005 PM 8511408 ER PT J AU FRY, CL CARTER, JE KANTER, MC TEGELER, CH TULEY, MR AF FRY, CL CARTER, JE KANTER, MC TEGELER, CH TULEY, MR TI ANTERIOR ISCHEMIC OPTIC NEUROPATHY IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH CAROTID-ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE CAROTID ARTERY DISEASES; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ULTRASONICS ID AMAUROSIS FUGAX; CLINICAL PROFILE; NATURAL-HISTORY; STROKE; ATTACKS; RISK; ENDARTERECTOMY; DISEASE AB Background and Purpose: The relation between anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and carotid artery atherosclerotic disease is unclear. We studied patients with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy to determine if they had an increased occurrence of carotid artery stenosis. Methods: Fifteen consecutive patients with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy were evaluated prospectively for cervical carotid artery stenosis and compared with 30 age- and sex-matched asymptomatic patients and also with 11 age- and sex-matched patients experiencing transient monocular blindness. Results: There was no difference in the mean stenosis of the internal carotid artery between patients with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (mean carotid stenosis, 19%) and asymptomatic patients (mean carotid stenosis, 9%; p>0.05), whereas patients with transient monocular blindness had significantly more stenosis (mean, 77%) in the cervical carotid arteries than both control subjects (p<0.0001) and patients with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (p<0.0001). There was also no difference in the percentage of patients with stenosis greater-than-or-equal-to 30% in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (two of 15) and asymptomatic patients (five of 30), whereas 10 of 11 patients with transient monocular blindness had stenoses greater-than-or-equal-to 30%, significantly more than patients with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (p<0.0001) and asymptomatic patients (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is not a marker for atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis. The pathogenesis of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy does not involve carotid artery stenosis in most patients. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR,DIV STAT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT NEUROL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. WAKE FOREST UNIV,BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,WINSTON SALEM,NC 27103. NR 28 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD APR PY 1993 VL 24 IS 4 BP 539 EP 542 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KV419 UT WOS:A1993KV41900005 PM 8465359 ER PT J AU KELLER, PM ARNOLD, BA SHAW, AR TOLMAN, RL VANMIDDLESWORTH, F BONDY, S RUSIECKI, VK KOENIG, S ZOLLAPAZNER, S CONARD, P EMINI, EA CONLEY, AJ AF KELLER, PM ARNOLD, BA SHAW, AR TOLMAN, RL VANMIDDLESWORTH, F BONDY, S RUSIECKI, VK KOENIG, S ZOLLAPAZNER, S CONARD, P EMINI, EA CONLEY, AJ TI IDENTIFICATION OF HIV VACCINE CANDIDATE PEPTIDES BY SCREENING RANDOM PHAGE EPITOPE LIBRARIES SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; ADSORPTION PROTEIN; ACID SEQUENCE; GP120; FD; CHIMPANZEES; DETERMINANT; PROTECTION; ENVELOPE C1 MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,DEPT VIRUS & CELL BIOL,W POINT,PA 19486. MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,DEPT MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOL,W POINT,PA 19486. DEPT SYNTHET CHEM RES,RAHWAY,NJ 07065. MEDIMMUNE INC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20878. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,NEW YORK,NY 10010. NYU MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10016. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 32424] NR 22 TC 84 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR PY 1993 VL 193 IS 2 BP 709 EP 716 DI 10.1006/viro.1993.1179 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA KT924 UT WOS:A1993KT92400016 PM 7681612 ER PT J AU OVCAKDERZIC, S OBRIEN, WA AF OVCAKDERZIC, S OBRIEN, WA TI QUANTITATIVE HIV-1 RNA PCR ANALYSIS FOLLOWING INVIVO IMMUNE ACTIVATION IN PATIENTS WITH ARC SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 29 PY 1993 SU 17E BP 20 EP 20 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KX965 UT WOS:A1993KX96500064 ER PT J AU OBRIEN, WA OVCAK, S NAMAZIE, A KALHOR, H MAO, SH ZACK, JA AF OBRIEN, WA OVCAK, S NAMAZIE, A KALHOR, H MAO, SH ZACK, JA TI HIV-1 REPLICATION CAN BE INCREASED IN BLOOD FROM SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS FOLLOWING INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 29 PY 1993 SU 17E BP 68 EP 68 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KX965 UT WOS:A1993KX96500253 ER PT J AU RAY, WA TAYLOR, JA MEADOR, KG LICHTENSTEIN, MJ GRIFFIN, MR FOUGHT, R ADAMS, ML BLAZER, DG AF RAY, WA TAYLOR, JA MEADOR, KG LICHTENSTEIN, MJ GRIFFIN, MR FOUGHT, R ADAMS, ML BLAZER, DG TI REDUCING ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG-USE IN NURSING-HOMES - A CONTROLLED TRIAL OF PROVIDER EDUCATION SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARE FACILITY; DEMENTIA; RISK; RESIDENTS; BEHAVIORS AB Objective: In the United States, 20% or more of nursing home residents receive antipsychotic drugs, primarily for the behavioral manifestations of dementia. This high level of use of drugs with substantial toxicity has engendered a strong and persistent controversy and recently has led to explicit regulatory measures to curtail use (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987). We developed and tested a comprehensive program to reduce antipsychotic use through education of physicians, nurses, and other nursing home staff. The primary elements of the program were instruction in use of behavioral techniques to manage behavior problems and encouragement of a trial of gradual antipsychotic withdrawal. Design: In a nonrandomized controlled trial, the program was implemented (beginning in August 1990) in two rural Tennessee community nursing homes with elevated antipsychotic use; two other comparable homes were selected as concurrent controls. Patients: Throughout the study 194 residents were in the education homes and 184 were in the control homes. Residents in both groups of homes had comparable demographic characteristics and functional status, and each group had a baseline rate of 29 days of antipsychotic use per 100 days of nursing home residence. Main Outcome Measures: The primary end points were postintervention changes in administration of antipsychotics and other psychotropic drugs, use of physical restraints, and frequency of behavior problems. Results: Days of antipsychotic use decreased by 72% in the education homes vs 13% in the control homes (P<.001). No significant changes were noted in the use of other psychotropic drugs in either group. Days of physical restraint use decreased 36% in the education homes vs 5% in the control homes (P<.001). Behavior problem frequency did not increase in either group, even among the 48% of baseline antipsychotic users in the education homes who had antipsychotic drug regimens discontinued for 3 or more months. Conclusions: The educational program led to a substantial reduction in antipsychotic use with no increase in the frequency of behavior problems. This suggests that for many antipsychotic drug users benefits may be marginal and that programs to reduce such drug use among the 250 000 US nursing home residents receiving these drugs should have high priority. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DURHAM,NC 27710. RP RAY, WA (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PREVENT MED,NASHVILLE,TN 37232, USA. NR 46 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 22 PY 1993 VL 153 IS 6 BP 713 EP 721 DI 10.1001/archinte.153.6.713 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KR996 UT WOS:A1993KR99600005 PM 8447709 ER PT J AU INTRATOR, J KEILP, J DORFMAN, D BERNSTEIN, D SCHAEFER, C WAKEMAN, J HARPUR, T HARE, R HANDELSMAN, L STRITZKE, P AF INTRATOR, J KEILP, J DORFMAN, D BERNSTEIN, D SCHAEFER, C WAKEMAN, J HARPUR, T HARE, R HANDELSMAN, L STRITZKE, P TI PATTERNS OF CEREBRAL ACTIVATION IN PSYCHOPATHS DURING PROCESSING AFFECTIVE AND NEUTRAL WORDS AS MEASURED BY SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (SPECT) SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,BRONX,NY. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,VANCOUVER V6T 1W5,BC,CANADA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAR 15 PY 1993 VL 33 IS 6A SU S BP A160 EP A160 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA LA417 UT WOS:A1993LA41700446 ER PT J AU SPERANZA, A MOHS, R MILLER, A AF SPERANZA, A MOHS, R MILLER, A TI CLINICAL AND NEUROENDOCRINE PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAR 15 PY 1993 VL 33 IS 6A SU S BP A140 EP A140 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA LA417 UT WOS:A1993LA41700379 ER PT J AU CHATTERJEE, B JUNG, MH HER, S SLOMCZYNSKA, M SONG, CS AF CHATTERJEE, B JUNG, MH HER, S SLOMCZYNSKA, M SONG, CS TI MULTICOMPONENT REGULATION OF ANDROGEN SENSITIVITY DURING MATURATION AND AGING SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 13 PY 1993 SU 17D BP 158 EP 158 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KV880 UT WOS:A1993KV88000549 ER PT J AU CHOI, MJ FERNANDEZ, PC COUPAYEGERARD, B DANDREA, D SZERLIP, H KLEYMAN, TR AF CHOI, MJ FERNANDEZ, PC COUPAYEGERARD, B DANDREA, D SZERLIP, H KLEYMAN, TR TI TRIMETHOPRIM-INDUCED HYPERKALEMIA IN A PATIENT WITH AIDS SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Note ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; TRANSTUBULAR POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; NA+ CHANNEL; FROG-SKIN; THERAPY; SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; COMPLICATION; TRANSPORT; EVALUATE C1 PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,DIV RENAL & ELECTROLYTE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. MED COLL PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-07006] NR 29 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 11 PY 1993 VL 328 IS 10 BP 703 EP 706 DI 10.1056/NEJM199303113281006 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KQ861 UT WOS:A1993KQ86100006 PM 8433730 ER PT J AU GLASS, WF KREISBERG, JI TROYER, DA AF GLASS, WF KREISBERG, JI TROYER, DA TI 2-CHAIN UROKINASE, RECEPTOR, AND TYPE-1 INHIBITOR IN CULTURED HUMAN MESANGIAL CELLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; UROKINASE; THROMBIN; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR; AND PHOSPHOLIPASE-C ID FIBRO-SARCOMA CELLS; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; GLYCOSYL-PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; PRO-UROKINASE; SHAPE CHANGE; PROTEINS; PROENZYME; ADHESION AB Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), its receptor (u-PAR), and type 1 inhibitor (PAI-1) in cultured human mesangial cells were investigated. Treatment with phospholipase C (PLC) released plasminogen activators [with relative mol wt (M(r)) of 55,000 and 100,000] and u-PAR into the culture medium. By Western blot, both u-PA and PAI-1 were present in the M(r) 100,000 band. Since PAI-1 binds only active, two-chain u-PA (tcu-PA), formation of the M(r) 100,000 band reflects conversion of the single-chain, proenzyme form of u-PA (scu-PA) to tcu-PA. Immunofluorescence staining of whole cells demonstrated the presence of PAI-1, u-PA, and u-PAR. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis showed enrichment of PAI-1, u-PA, and u-PAR in a preparation of substratum-attached extracellular matrix and membrane proteins termed adhesion plaques. Using a chromogenic assay, we found that PAI-1 expression in adhesion plaques exceeded that of u-PA. We conclude that cultured human mesangial cells produce receptor-bound u-PA/PAI-1 complexes localized to adhesion plaques. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP GLASS, WF (reprint author), UNIV VIRGINIA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,BOX 214,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22908, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-29787, DK-34234] NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 264 IS 3 BP F532 EP F539 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KV271 UT WOS:A1993KV27100092 PM 8384415 ER PT J AU SUN, XH MARTIN, V WEISS, RH KAYSEN, GA AF SUN, XH MARTIN, V WEISS, RH KAYSEN, GA TI SELECTIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL AUGMENTATION OF HEPATIC GENE-EXPRESSION IN THE RAT WITH HEYMANN NEPHRITIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; COAGULATION; ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS; MESSENGER RIBONUCLEIC ACID; FIBRINOGEN; ALBUMIN; ALPHA-1-ACID GLYCOPROTEIN; RIBOSOMAL RIBONUCLEIC ACID ID NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; ALPHA-1-ACID GLYCOPROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; ALBUMIN; INFLAMMATION; FIBRINOGEN; RNA; SERUM; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; TRANSFERRIN AB The synthesis of albumin and other hepatic proteins, many regulated as part of the acute phase response, is increased in the nephrotic syndrome. It has been postulated that synthesis of all proteins secreted by the liver is increased by the same mechanism in the nephrotic syndrome. However, the observation that synthesis of some apolipoproteins is not increased suggests that only a specific group of proteins may be similarly regulated in nephrosis. We measured synthesis of albumin and of two acute phase proteins, fibrinogen and alpha1-acid glycoprotein (alpha1-AG), in rats with Heymann nephritis (HN), their mRNA concentration in liver, and the rate of transcription of their genes by hepatic nuclei. Albumin and fibrinogen mRNA levels almost doubled in HN, but alpha1-AG mRNA was unchanged. Ribosomal RNA (28S) concentration and transcription were also increased significantly in HN. Transcription of albumin and fibrinogen also increased twofold, but transcription of alpha1-AG was unchanged. Fibrinogen and albumin synthesis each increased more than fourfold in HN and correlated with one another. In contrast alpha1-AG synthesis only increased by 50% and did not correlate with albumin synthesis. Both albumin and alpha1-AG were lost in the urine of HN, and their plasma concentrations were reduced. Fibrinogen was not lost in the urine and its plasma concentration was significantly increased in HN. Synthesis of a group of proteins including both positive acute phase (fibrinogen) and negative acute phase (albumin) proteins is increased transcriptionally in the nephrotic syndrome. Synthesis of other proteins is increased posttranscriptionally. Therefore, a coordinated group of hepatic proteins is similarly regulated in HN, and this is not due to the acute phase response. Furthermore, neither the change in plasma concentration of a specific protein nor the possibility that protein is lost in urine determines whether its synthesis will be changed at the transcriptional level. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,NO CALIF SYST CLIN,BENECIA,CA 94510. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,RENAL BIOCHEM LAB,DAVIS,CA 95616. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1-RO1-DK-42297-01] NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 264 IS 3 BP F441 EP F447 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KV271 UT WOS:A1993KV27100079 PM 7681261 ER PT J AU SILVERMAN, JM SIEVER, LJ HORVATH, TB COCCARO, EF KLAR, H DAVIDSON, M PINKHAM, L APTER, SH MOHS, RC DAVIS, KL AF SILVERMAN, JM SIEVER, LJ HORVATH, TB COCCARO, EF KLAR, H DAVIDSON, M PINKHAM, L APTER, SH MOHS, RC DAVIS, KL TI SCHIZOPHRENIA-RELATED AND AFFECTIVE PERSONALITY-DISORDER TRAITS IN RELATIVES OF PROBANDS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND PERSONALITY-DISORDERS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID BORDERLINE PERSONALITY; FAMILY HISTORY; SCHIZOTYPAL; TRANSMISSION; INTERVIEW; CRITERIA; VALIDITY AB Objective: The possible heterogeneity of the schizophrenia-related personality disorder traits associated with DSM-III criteria for schizotypal personality disorder was investigated using the family history method. A familial relationship to schizophrenia was hypothesized for schizophrenia-related personality disorder traits without coexisting affective personality disorder traits, pure schizophrenia-related personality disorder traits. Alternatively, a familial relationship with borderline personality disorder was hypothesized for schizophrenia-related personality disorder traits with comorbid affective personality disorder traits. Method: Criteria for schizophrenia-related and affective personality disorder traits were used to assess the 588 nonpsychotic first-degree relatives of SS chronic schizophrenic probands and 67 probands with personality disorders. The probands with one or more DSM-III personality disorders were categorized as having schizotypal personality disorder without borderline personality disorder (pure schizotypal personality disorder), borderline personality disorder without schizotypal personality disorder (pure borderline personality disorder), both disorders, or neither. Results: The morbid risk of all cases of schizophrenia-related personality disorder traits was higher in relatives of probands with schizophrenia and pure schizotypal personality disorder than in relatives of probands with neither schizotypal nor borderline personality disorder, however, it differed only slightly from that observed in the relatives of probands with both schizotypal and borderline personality disorders and pure borderline personality disorder. In contrast, the risk of pure schizophrenia-related personality disorder traits was higher in relatives of probands with schizophrenia and pure schizotypal personality disorder, while the risk of coexisting schizophrenia-related and affective personality disorder traits was lower in both of these groups than among the relatives of probands with both schizotypal and borderline personality disorders and pure borderline personality disorder. Conclusions: These results offer preliminary indications that schizotypal personality disorder features present without comorbid affective personality disorder traits may more specifically characterize the personality characteristics familially related to schizophrenia. Furthermore, they indicate that schizotypal personality disorder features as currently defined are found in relatives of patients other than those with schizophrenia or schizotypal personality disorder. C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP SILVERMAN, JM (reprint author), BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-42827, MH-45212] NR 38 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 150 IS 3 BP 435 EP 442 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KN845 UT WOS:A1993KN84500009 PM 8434659 ER PT J AU SCHNURR, PP FRIEDMAN, MJ ROSENBERG, SD AF SCHNURR, PP FRIEDMAN, MJ ROSENBERG, SD TI PREMILITARY MMPI SCORES AS PREDICTORS OF COMBAT-RELATED PTSD SYMPTOMS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VETERANS; SAMPLE AB Objective: The authors used data collected before military service to assess predictors of combat-related lifetime symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Method: The subjects were 131 male Vietnam and Vietnam-era veterans who bad taken the MMPI in college and who were interviewed as adults with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. Scores on the basic MMPI scales were used to predict combat exposure, lifetime history of any PTSD symptoms given exposure, and lifetime PTSD classification (symptoms only, subthreshold PTSD, or full PTSD). Results: Group means on the MMPI scales were within the normal range. No scale predicted combat exposure. Hypochondriasis, psychopathic deviate, masculinity-femininity, and paranoia scales predicted PTSD symptoms. Depression, hypomania, and social introversion predicted diagnostic classification among subjects with PTSD symptoms. The effects persisted when amount of combat exposure was controlled for. Conclusions: Premilitary personality can affect vulnerability to lifetime PTSD symptoms in men exposed to combat. C1 DARTMOUTH COLL,HITCHCOCK MED CTR,DARTMOUTH MED SCH,DEPT PSYCHIAT,HANOVER,NH 03756. DARTMOUTH COLL,HITCHCOCK MED CTR,DARTMOUTH MED SCH,US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HANOVER,NH 03756. NR 15 TC 130 Z9 133 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 150 IS 3 BP 479 EP 483 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KN845 UT WOS:A1993KN84500017 PM 8434666 ER PT J AU SELINGER, M WALKER, KA PRESCOTT, TE DAVIS, RE AF SELINGER, M WALKER, KA PRESCOTT, TE DAVIS, RE TI A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION OF PROBLEM-SOLVING DEFICITS BASED ON RESOURCE-ALLOCATION THEORY SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTELLIGENCE; APHASIA AB This investigation examined non-verbal problem-solving abilities. Two groups of visual-spatial puzzles were administered to 10 left-CVA patients, 10 right-CVA patients and 10 normal subjects. The puzzles were divided into named and unnamed groups to examine the effects of non-language stimuli on test performance. Results indicated significant differences, with right-CVA patients having the greatest difficulty on all puzzles, left-CVA patients having the greatest difficulty with unnamed puzzles and making errors on some named puzzles and normal subjects making significantly fewer errors but having a response pattern similar to the left-CVA patients. The findings imply that, in terms of resource allocation theory, when the task utilized the competence of the left hemisphere for naming in conjunction with the visual-spatial competence of the right hemisphere, each hemisphere's resources were utilized and scores on the puzzles increased. C1 NO MICHIGAN UNIV,MARQUETTE,MI 49855. RP SELINGER, M (reprint author), DENVER VAMC 126,1055 CLERMONT ST,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 7 IS 2 BP 165 EP 175 DI 10.1080/02687039308249504 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA KP793 UT WOS:A1993KP79300003 ER PT J AU LEVENTHAL, LC JAWORSKY, C WERTH, V AF LEVENTHAL, LC JAWORSKY, C WERTH, V TI AN ASYMPTOMATIC PENILE LESION - CIRCULAR INDURATED LYMPHANGITIS OF THE PENIS (CILP) WITH CONCURRENT SYPHILIS SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Note RP LEVENTHAL, LC (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 129 IS 3 BP 366 EP & DI 10.1001/archderm.129.3.366 PG 0 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA KR036 UT WOS:A1993KR03600019 PM 8447680 ER PT J AU MAHLER, ME AF MAHLER, ME TI SPECIFICITY OF THE UPGOING THUMB SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Letter RP MAHLER, ME (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAV UNIT,B111,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 50 IS 3 BP 239 EP 239 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA KQ120 UT WOS:A1993KQ12000002 PM 8442700 ER PT J AU SHIH, JP OGAWA, M AF SHIH, JP OGAWA, M TI MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY J11D.2 RECOGNIZES CELL CYCLE-DORMANT, PRIMITIVE HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS OF MICE SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS; STEM-CELLS; T-CELLS; COLONIES; IDENTIFICATION; CULTURE; ORIGIN C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAR 1 PY 1993 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1155 EP 1160 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA KP977 UT WOS:A1993KP97700007 PM 8443377 ER PT J AU HUTSON, PR TUTSCH, K SPRIGGS, D CHRISTIAN, M RAGO, R MUTCH, R WILDING, G AF HUTSON, PR TUTSCH, K SPRIGGS, D CHRISTIAN, M RAGO, R MUTCH, R WILDING, G TI EVIDENCE OF AN ABSORPTION PHASE AFTER SHORT INTRAVENOUS SURAMIN INFUSIONS SO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SURAMIN; ABSORPTION; PHARMACOKINETICS ID HEPARIN; PHARMACOKINETICS; THERAPY AB Suramin was given as an intravenous infusion to 16 cancer patients in a phase I trial. Individual pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from a test dose given 1 week prior to the administration of a full-dose (350-700 mg/m2) regimen of 1-h loading and maintenance infusions. A distribution phase of 3.8 h was found. Plasma suramin concentrations were noted to increase following cessation of the intravenous test infusion in eight subjects. A model is proposed in which high-capacity, low-affinity binding of suramin to a shallow compartment adjacent to the intravascular space occurs rapidly during infusion, followed by absorption back into the measured blood pool with binding to plasma albumin. Despite the observable presence of this postinfusion peak shortly after the cessation of the brief suramin infusion, the pharmacokinetics of suramin were best characterized by a traditional two-compartment model. The dose-adjusted area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) increased with dose, supporting a hypothesis of sustained absorption of suramin to vascular endothelium but also raising the possibility of dose-dependent clearance. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HUMAN ONCOL,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,NCI,CTEP,DCT,MADISON,WI 53705. RP HUTSON, PR (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH PHARM,425 N CHARTER ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CM-07306, T32-CA09614]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR03186] NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0344-5704 J9 CANCER CHEMOTH PHARM JI Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 31 IS 6 BP 495 EP 499 DI 10.1007/BF00685042 PG 5 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KT115 UT WOS:A1993KT11500013 PM 8453691 ER PT J AU COOK, RM MILLER, YE BUNN, PA AF COOK, RM MILLER, YE BUNN, PA TI SMALL-CELL LUNG-CANCER - ETIOLOGY, BIOLOGY, CLINICAL-FEATURES, STAGING, AND TREATMENT SO CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CANCER LA English DT Review ID MYC GENE FAMILY; GROWTH FACTOR-I; RETINOBLASTOMA SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; NEURO-ENDOCRINE DIFFERENTIATION; CROSS-RESISTANT CHEMOTHERAPY; HIGH-DOSE CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; GASTRIN-RELEASING PEPTIDE; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES; BOMBESIN-LIKE PEPTIDES; LONG-TERM SURVIVORS AB Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 20% to 25% of all bronchogenic carcinoma and is associated with the poorest 5-year survival of all histologic types. SCLC differs in its etiologic, pathologic, biologic, and clinical features from non-SCLC, and these differences have translated to distinct approaches to its prevention and treatment. Compared with other histologic types of lung cancer, exposures to tobacco smoke, ionizing radiation, and chloromethyl ethers pose a substantially greater risk for development of SCLC. The histologic classification of SCLC has been revised to include three categories: (1) small cell carcinoma, (2) mixed small cell/large cell, and (3) combined small cell carcinoma. Ultrastructurally, SCLC displays a number of neuroendocrine features in common with pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, including dense core vesicles or neurosecretory granules. These dense core vesicles are associated with a variety of secretory products, cell surface antigens, and enzymes. The biology of SCLC is complex. The activation of a number of dominant proto-oncogenes and the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in SCLC have been described. Dominant proto-oncogenes that have been found to be amplified or overexpressed in SCLC include the myc family, c-myb, c-kit, c-jun, and c-src. Altered expression of two tumor suppressor genes in SCLC, p53 and the retinoblastoma gene product, has been demonstrated. Cytogenetic and molecular evidence for chromosomal loss of 3p, 5q, 9p, 11p, 13q, and 17p in SCLC has intensified the search for other tumor suppressor genes with potential import in this malignancy. Bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide, insulin-like growth factor 1, and transferrin have been identified as autocrine growth factors in SCLC, with a number of other peptides under active investigation. Several mechanisms of drug resistance in SCLC have been described, including gene amplification, the recently described overexpression of multi-drug resistance-related protein (MRP), and the expression of P-glycoprotein. The classic SCLC staging system has been supplanted by a revised TNM staging system where limited disease and extensive disease are equivalent to the TNM stages I through III and stage IV, respectively. Therapeutically, recent strategies have attained small improvements in survival but significant reductions in the toxicities of chemotherapeutic regimens. Presently, the overall 5-year survival for SCLC is 5% to 10%, with limited disease associated with a significantly higher survival rate. The present preferred therapeutic strategy for limited disease is four to six cycles of etoposide-cisplatin (EP)-based chemotherapy combined with concurrent or alternating radiotherapy. There is no overwhelming evidence that alternating chemotherapeutic regimens are superior to EP-based regimens. Maintenance chemotherapy is not recommended. It is reasonable to use a strategy of surgery followed by chemotherapy for the rare patient with stage I and II SCLC; however, surgery remains an experimental option for those with stage III disease after chemotherapy. Chemotherapy without radiotherapy is the cornerstone of palliative therapy for diose patients with SCLC who have extensive disease. New therapies on the horizon for SCLC include the camptothecin derivatives, mitotic spindle poisons such as taxol, and analogues of the vinca alkaloids. C1 UNIV COLORADO, HLTH SCI CTR, CTR CANC, DEPT MED, DIV MED ONCOL, DENVER, CO 80262 USA. DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DENVER, CO USA. RP UNIV COLORADO, HLTH SCI CTR, CTR CANC, DEPT CHEM, DIV PULM SCI & CRIT CARE MED, DENVER, CO 80262 USA. NR 312 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0147-0272 EI 1535-6345 J9 CURR PROB CANCER JI Curr. Probl. Cancer PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 17 IS 2 BP 71 EP 141 PG 71 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA LN068 UT WOS:A1993LN06800001 ER PT J AU KLEIN, RL LOPESVIRELLA, MF AF KLEIN, RL LOPESVIRELLA, MF TI METABOLISM BY HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS OF VERY LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN SUBFRACTIONS ISOLATED FROM TYPE-1 (INSULIN-DEPENDENT) DIABETIC-PATIENTS SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN SUBFRACTIONS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS ID MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; CHOLESTERYL ESTER SYNTHESIS; CULTURED HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; DEGRADATION; MELLITUS; RECEPTOR; BINDING; PLASMA; LDL AB The very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction was isolated from 11 normolipidaemic Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients in good to fair glycaemic control and from 11 age-, sex- and race-matched, non-diabetic, control subjects. The rate of receptor-mediated degradation by human endothelial cells was significantly greater (p < 0.02) for the total VLDL fraction isolated from diabetic patients compared to control subjects and averaged 1008 +/- 300 and 717 +/- 150 ng . mg cell protein-1 . 16 h-1, respectively. The total VLDL fraction was separated into three subfractions: VLDL-I, S(f) 100-400 (S(f) = Svedberg units); VLDL-II, S(f) 60-100; VLDL-III, S(f) 20-60. Rates of receptor-mediated degradation of VLDL-I and VLDL-II isolated from diabetic patients were significantly greater than the comparable subfraction isolated from control subjects and averaged 1023 +/- 279 vs 361 +/- 122 (p < 0.01) and 433 +/- 70 vs 294 +/- 70 ng . mg cell protein-1 . 16 h-1 (p < 0.03), respectively. Rates of receptor-mediated degradation of the V-III subfraction isolated from the two groups did not differ significantly There were no significant differences in the chemical composition or in the plasma concentrations of the VLDL subfractions isolated from diabetic patients compared to control subjects. There was a significant increase in the apoprotein E content of VLDL-I (p < 0.01) and VLDL-II (p < 0.05) isolated from diabetic patients. There was a significant increase in the ratio of apoprotein C compared to apoprotein E (p < 0.03) in VLDL-I isolated from control subjects compared to the diabetic patients. There were no significant differences in the apoprotein composition of VLDL-III isolated from the two groups. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD MAR PY 1993 VL 36 IS 3 BP 258 EP 264 DI 10.1007/BF00399960 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KN255 UT WOS:A1993KN25500016 PM 8462776 ER PT J AU CRAIG, WA AF CRAIG, WA TI QUALITATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTS VERSUS QUANTITATIVE MIC TESTS SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; THERAPY; CIPROFLOXACIN; ANTIBIOTICS; BACTEREMIA; INFECTIONS; EFFICACY; ACCURACY; INVITRO AB Qualitative susceptibility categories show reasonable, but incomplete, correlation with therapeutic outcome. Studies using quantitative MIC tests have demonstrated that treatment failures within the susceptible category are associated with higher minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) than with therapeutic successes. Other trials have exhibited enhanced response for increasing ratios of a pharmacokinetic parameter to MIC (for example, peak level to MIC ratio for aminoglycosides). Dose-response studies in animal infection models also demonstrate an excellent correlation between the dose of drug required for a given response and the infecting organism MIC. These studies suggest that the use of quantitative MIC tests may enable more individualization of the therapeutic regimen, especially in regards to dose and dosing frequency, than provided by qualitative category susceptibility tests. However, there are only rare studies that have used MIC results or pharmacokinetic parameters to improve efficacy. Furthermore, these studies have not consistently documented enhanced clinical efficacy. MICs can also be used to reduce drug dosage and cost of antimicrobial therapy for very susceptible organisms. Additional studies are clearly needed to define the full potential of the quantitative MIC test result. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP CRAIG, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 16 IS 3 BP 231 EP 236 DI 10.1016/0732-8893(93)90115-N PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA KU723 UT WOS:A1993KU72300007 PM 8477578 ER PT J AU GANZINI, L WALSH, JR MILLAR, SB AF GANZINI, L WALSH, JR MILLAR, SB TI DRUG-INDUCED DEPRESSION IN THE AGED - WHAT CAN BE DONE SO DRUGS & AGING LA English DT Article ID BETA-BLOCKER THERAPY; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; MEDICAL ILLNESS; HYPERTENSION; PROPRANOLOL; RESERPINE; SYMPTOMS AB Over 10% of medically ill elderly persons have concurrent major depression, and medical illness is the most influential stressor contributing to depression in old age. The contribution of prescribed medications to depression in the medically ill is poorly understood. Most information on drug-induced depression is derived from case reports; 43 classes of medications have been implicated, including reserpine, beta-blockers, levodopa, corticosteroids, and antipsychotics. However, large rigorously performed studies of some drugs, particularly antihypertensives, suggest that drug-induced depression is uncommon and idiosyncratic. There is no evidence that age is an independent risk factor for drug-induced depression. However, elderly persons are the largest consumers of prescribed drugs, and the burden of drug-induced depression is carried by the old. Because of the frequency of atypical presentations of mental disorders in the elderly, drug-induced depression is often misdiagnosed. Nevertheless, basic principles of geriatric medicine offer useful guidance to clinicians in evaluating the complex interrelationships between prescribed medications and depression. We recommend an approach that includes regular inquiry into the common symptoms of mood disorders, vigilance in assessing the contribution of drugs in their development, but scepticism in assessing a depressive episode as caused only by medication. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GERONTOL SECT,PORTLAND,OR 97207. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHARM SERV,PORTLAND,OR 97207. RP GANZINI, L (reprint author), PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,116 A-P,POB 1034,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. NR 76 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-229X J9 DRUG AGING JI Drugs Aging PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 3 IS 2 BP 147 EP 158 DI 10.2165/00002512-199303020-00005 PG 12 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KV780 UT WOS:A1993KV78000005 PM 8477147 ER PT J AU SAVIDES, TJ SEE, JA JENSEN, DM JUTABHA, R MACHICADO, GA HIRABAYASHI, K AF SAVIDES, TJ SEE, JA JENSEN, DM JUTABHA, R MACHICADO, GA HIRABAYASHI, K TI EFFICACY OF SIMULTANEOUS BIOPSY AND COAGULATION WITH DIFFERENT FORCEPS IN A CANINE MODEL TO SIMULATE DIMINUTIVE POLYP REMOVAL SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VAMC, CURE, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 39 IS 2 BP 304 EP 304 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA LA057 UT WOS:A1993LA05700267 ER PT J AU TIMKO, C NGUYEN, ATQ WILLIFORD, WO MOOS, RH AF TIMKO, C NGUYEN, ATQ WILLIFORD, WO MOOS, RH TI QUALITY OF CARE AND OUTCOMES OF CHRONIC MENTALLY-ILL PATIENTS IN HOSPITALS AND NURSING-HOMES SO HOSPITAL AND COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID RESIDENTIAL FACILITIES; INTEGRATION AB Quality of care in three types of facilities in which chronic mentally ill patients reside was examined to determine how it was related to patient functioning and to determine how patients' dependency on others for self-care moderated relationships between quality of care and patient functioning. Methods: Discriminant function analyses and multiple regression analyses were used to examine 12-month follow-up data from a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) study of 294 chronic mentally ill patients in 52 community nursing homes, nine VA nursing home care units, and 43 VA hospital psychiatric units. Results: The three types of facilities were best differentiated by staff and resident characteristics and facility policies. Residents of community nursing homes were more impaired, and staff were less well trained, than in the VA facilities. The community nursing homes had less restrictive policies. Patients who lived in facilities that gave them more control over their daily lives and that had larger proportions of high-functioning patients reported more life satisfaction and vigor. Patients in facilities with more social and recreational activities reported less life satisfaction. The extent to which facility features were beneficial or harmful was related to patients' self-care dependency. Supportive physical features and living-assistance services tended to aid impaired residents, whereas more experienced staff and policies that promoted control by residents tended to aid independent residents. Conclusions: Program managers may need to tailor facility environments to patients' level of functioning to maximize beneficial effects. C1 VET ADM MED CTR,COOPERAT STUDIES PROGRAM,PERRY POINT,MD. STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP TIMKO, C (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,CTR HLTH CARE EVALUAT,3801 MIRANDA AVE 152,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH28177] NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0022-1597 J9 HOSP COMMUNITY PSYCH PD MAR PY 1993 VL 44 IS 3 BP 241 EP 246 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA KP048 UT WOS:A1993KP04800007 PM 8444434 ER PT J AU FINK, LM EIDT, JF JOHNSON, K COOK, JM COOK, CD MORSER, J MARLAR, R COLLINS, CL SCHAEFER, R XIE, SS HSU, SM HSU, PL AF FINK, LM EIDT, JF JOHNSON, K COOK, JM COOK, CD MORSER, J MARLAR, R COLLINS, CL SCHAEFER, R XIE, SS HSU, SM HSU, PL TI THROMBOMODULIN ACTIVITY AND LOCALIZATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE THROMBOMODULIN; VASCULAR INJURY; MESOTHELIOMA ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; VEIN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RABBIT AORTA; CYCLIC-AMP; PROTEIN-C; EXPRESSION; MESOTHELIOMA; THROMBIN; ANTIGEN AB An overview on the properties, actions and localization of thrombomodulin (TM) in situations of tissue injury and in selected tumors is presented. The localization and activity of TM after injury to vascular endothelium shows that following balloon catheter denudation of the endothelium of the rabbit aorta, the activity and immunohistochemical staining is markedly reduced. The functional and antigenic levels approach the control levels approximately one week after the initial injury. The results suggest that the neointimal smooth muscle cells express TM. This phenotypic plasticity of the neointimal smooth muscle cells may be important in conferring thrombo-resistance to the lumenal lining cells of vessels after injury. Studies are also reviewed on the use of soluble recombinant TM to prevent thrombosis after ligature of vessels in an experimental model. Further characterization on the immunohistochemical distribution of TM in normal tissues and tumors shows that staining with a monoclonal anti TM antibody can be very useful in separating mesotheliomas from pulmonary adenocarcinomas. These studies may lead to insights concerning the role of TM in tissue-injury-repair and tissue differentiation. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LITTLE ROCK, AR USA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, DEPT PATHOL, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. BERLEX CORP, S SAN FRANCISCO, CA USA. DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DENVER, CO USA. UNIV COLORADO, SCH MED, DEPT PATHOL, DENVER, CO 80202 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 4762] NR 48 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU U B C PRESS PI BILBAO PA UNIV BASQUE COUNTRY, EDITORIAL SERVICES, PO BOX 1397, E-48080 BILBAO, SPAIN SN 0214-6282 J9 INT J DEV BIOL JI Int. J. Dev. Biol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 37 IS 1 BP 221 EP 226 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA KT670 UT WOS:A1993KT67000028 PM 8389578 ER PT J AU SHAO, TC KONG, A MARAFELIA, P CUNNINGHAM, GR AF SHAO, TC KONG, A MARAFELIA, P CUNNINGHAM, GR TI EFFECTS OF FINASTERIDE ON THE RAT VENTRAL PROSTATE SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE THYMIDINE INCORPORATION; MESSENGER RNA PROSTATE IN; MESSENGER RNA; TRMP-2 ID 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; GROWTH; CASTRATION; DNA; DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE; EXPRESSION; ANDROGENS AB The objectives of this study were to compare changes in the ventral prostate (VP) of young adult Sprague Dawley rats after 28 days of treatment with finasteride (F), a potent 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, with those caused by castration (Cx). VP concentrations of DHT were reduced to 20.2% and 6.6% of controls (1,947 +/- 207 pg/VP, mean +/- SE) by F (5 or 20 mg/kg/day) and to 2.6% of controls by Cx. VP weights were reduced 49% and 54% by F and 88% by Cx. DNA/VP fell 25% and 15% with F treatment and 72% after Cx, whereas RNA and protein/VP were reduced 37-51% by F and 91-93% by Cx. The RNA/DNA and the protein/DNA ratios fell to 30-36% of controls after F treatment and to 70% of controls after Cx. The mRNA concentrations of the C3 subunit of prostatein 28S ribosomal RNA fell after treatment with F (5 mg/kg/day) and after Cx, whereas the mRNA for TRPM-2, an androgen-suppressed protein associated with apoptosis, was increased only after castration. To examine further the effects of F on the rate of DNA synthesis, 7-day regressed adult rats were treated for 3 days with testosterone propionate +/-F, and incorporation of H-3-thymidine in minced ventral prostates was determined. F inhibited H-3-thymidine incorporation. We conclude that Cx causes a greater reduction in cell number/VP and a greater reduction in RNA and protein/cell than F and that the differences between F treatment and castration probably result from differences in prostatic concentrations of T. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that small differences in DHT contribute to these differences. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED & RES SERV,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 29 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 14 IS 2 BP 79 EP 86 PG 8 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA LB839 UT WOS:A1993LB83900002 PM 8390428 ER PT J AU GANZINI, L LEE, MA HEINTZ, RT BLOOM, JD AF GANZINI, L LEE, MA HEINTZ, RT BLOOM, JD TI IS THE PATIENT SELF-DETERMINATION ACT APPROPRIATE FOR ELDERLY PERSONS HOSPITALIZED FOR DEPRESSION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ETHICS LA English DT Article ID LIFE; SUICIDE; CONSENT C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. DAMMASCH STATE HOSP,WILSONVILLE,OR. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PORTLAND,OR 97201. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU UNIV PUBL GROUP, INC PI FREDERICK PA 12 SOUTH MARKET ST, STE 301, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 1046-7890 J9 J CLIN ETHIC JI J. Clin. Ethics PD SPR PY 1993 VL 4 IS 1 BP 46 EP 50 PG 5 WC Ethics; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Biomedical Social Sciences GA LZ265 UT WOS:A1993LZ26500008 PM 8490219 ER PT J AU GANZINI, L LEE, MA AF GANZINI, L LEE, MA TI AUTHENTICITY, AUTONOMY, AND MENTAL-DISORDERS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ETHICS LA English DT Article ID PATIENT C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PUBL GROUP, INC PI FREDERICK PA 12 SOUTH MARKET ST, STE 301, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 1046-7890 J9 J CLIN ETHIC JI J. Clin. Ethics PD SPR PY 1993 VL 4 IS 1 BP 58 EP 61 PG 4 WC Ethics; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Biomedical Social Sciences GA LZ265 UT WOS:A1993LZ26500011 PM 8490222 ER PT J AU BYRD, TF HORWITZ, MA AF BYRD, TF HORWITZ, MA TI REGULATION OF TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR EXPRESSION AND FERRITIN CONTENT IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES - COORDINATE UP-REGULATION BY IRON TRANSFERRIN AND DOWN-REGULATION BY INTERFERON-GAMMA SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE IRON; MACROPHAGE; CYTOKINES; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; MESSENGER-RNA; INTRACELLULAR MULTIPLICATION; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; HEAVY-CHAIN; PROTEIN; BINDING; MACROPHAGES; LYMPHOCYTES AB We have investigated the regulation of key human iron binding proteins in mononuclear phagocytes by IFNgamma and iron transferrin. In a previous study, we demonstrated that IFNgamma down-regulates the expression on human monocytes of transferrin receptors, the major source of iron for the cell. In the present study, we show that IFNgamma also downregulates the intracellular concentration of ferritin, the major iron storage protein in the cell. By radioimmunoassay, the mean ferritin content of nonactivated monocytes was 361+/-107 fg/monocyte (mean+/-SEM) whereas the mean ferritin content of IFNgamma-activated monocytes was 64+/-13 fg/monocyte, an 82% reduction with activation (P < 0.01, t test). Consistent with its downregulating effect on these iron proteins, IFNgamma treatment also results in decreased iron incorporation. IFNgamma-activated monocytes incorporated 33% less iron from Fe-59-transferrin than nonactivated monocytes (P < 0.05, t test). Gel filtration chromatography revealed that incorporated iron is located primarily in ferritin in both nonactivated and IFNgamma-activated monocytes. Ferritin in IFNgamma-activated monocytes is saturated with approximately three times as much Fe-59 as ferritin in nonactivated monocytes. We have also explored the effect of iron transferrin on transferrin receptor expression and intracellular ferritin content in human monocytes. We have found that iron transferrin markedly upregulates both transferrin receptor expression and intracellular ferritin content in both nonactivated (2.3- and 1.3-fold, respectively) and IFNgamma-activated (3.4- and 2.9-fold, respectively) monocytes. This study demonstrates that transferrin receptor expression and intracellular ferritin content in human monocytes is unidirectionally and coordinately upregulated by iron transferrin and unidirectionally and coordinately downregulated by IFNgamma. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP BYRD, TF (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE,W-111F,BLDG 500,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-22421, AI-28825] NR 40 TC 120 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 91 IS 3 BP 969 EP 976 DI 10.1172/JCI116318 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KR461 UT WOS:A1993KR46100028 PM 8450071 ER PT J AU HERIAN, AM TAYLOR, SL BUSH, RK AF HERIAN, AM TAYLOR, SL BUSH, RK TI ALLERGENIC REACTIVITY OF VARIOUS SOYBEAN PRODUCTS AS DETERMINED BY RAST INHIBITION SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SOYBEAN; ALLERGENICITY; ANTIGENS; ANTIBODIES ID FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY; SOY; PROTEINS; INFANTS; OIL AB Allergenic reactivity of soybean products (sprouts-Sp, tempeh-T, tofu-To, miso-M, mold hydrolyzed soy sauce-MHS, acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce-AHS, and hydrolyzed vegetable protein-HVP) was determined using RAST inhibition. All products inhibited binding of serum IgE from a pool of soy-allergic adults to raw soybean extract bound to microcrystalline cellulose, showing competitive inhibition with increasing protein. M,T, To and MHS showed competitive inhibition only at much higher protein concentrations, suggesting fermentation may alter or destroy allergenic epitopes. Selective destruction of epitopes was seen for MHS, To, and possibly M and T where inhibition curve slopes were not identical to intact material. Probably protein(s) with antigens common to raw soybean survived during processing of HVP and germination of sprouts. Based on RAST inhibition, these products are potentially hazardous to soybean-allergic individuals. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,LINCOLN,NE 68583. UNIV NEBRASKA,CTR FOOD PROC,LINCOLN,NE 68583. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT FOOD MICROBIOL & TOXICOL,FOOD RES INST,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 8 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 58 IS 2 BP 385 EP 388 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb04281.x PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA LV597 UT WOS:A1993LV59700038 ER PT J AU KALUS, O BERNSTEIN, DP SIEVER, LJ AF KALUS, O BERNSTEIN, DP SIEVER, LJ TI SCHIZOID PERSONALITY-DISORDER - A REVIEW OF CURRENT STATUS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DSM-IV SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID AXIS-II; OUTPATIENT POPULATION; CRITERIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; BORDERLINE; DIAGNOSIS; COMMUNITY; GENETICS; AVOIDANT AB Schizoid personality disorder (SZD) is one of three Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition, revised (DSM-III-R) ''odd cluster'' personality disorders (including schizotypal personality disorder [SPD] and paranoid personality disorder [PPD]) characterized by phenomenological similarities to schizophrenia. SZD is distinguished from the other two personality disorders by the prominence of social, interpersonal, and affective deficits (i.e., ''negative symptoms'') in the absence of psychoticlike cognitive/perceptual distortions. Despite a rich and extensive clinical and theoretical tradition regarding the schizoid character, its pre-DSM-III status was handicapped by considerable heterogeneity and lack of clear operationalized criteria for the disorder. The architects of DSM-III attempted to subdivide and sharpen the boundaries of this heterogeneous area by the addition of SPD and PPD within the odd cluster, and the avoidant personality disorder (AVD) within the ''anxious'' cluster. The narrowing of the SZD diagnosis by reassignment into these additional diagnoses, however, raises additional questions on the location of its diagnostic boundaries, and even whether the diagnosis remains a valid and separate entity. Evidence of extensive criteria overlap and comorbidity with other personality disorders are of particular concern in this regard. The low prevalence rates of DSM-III SZD further complicate attempts at addressing these issues empirically. Although modifications of the diagnostic criteria in DSM-III-R appear to have increased the sensitivity and prevalence of the diagnosis, the scarcity of empirical data on either DSM-III or DSM-III-R SZD remains a significantly limiting factor in resolving these concerns. C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,BRONX,NY. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 SN 0885-579X J9 J PERS DISORD JI J. Pers. Disord. PD SPR PY 1993 VL 7 IS 1 BP 43 EP 52 PG 10 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KX677 UT WOS:A1993KX67700006 ER PT J AU BERNSTEIN, DP USEDA, D SIEVER, LJ AF BERNSTEIN, DP USEDA, D SIEVER, LJ TI PARANOID PERSONALITY-DISORDER - REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DSM-IV SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID AXIS-II; OUTPATIENT POPULATION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; BORDERLINE; PSYCHOSIS; RELATIVES; PROBANDS; CRITERIA AB Since the time of Kraepelin (1921), the defining feature of paranoid personality disorder (PPD) has been considered to be a pervasive and unwarranted mistrust of others. Other clinical characteristics that have figured prominently in the descriptive literature on this disorder are the paranoid individual's hypersensitivity to criticism (Cameron, 1943, 1963; Kretschmer, 1925), antagonism and aggressiveness (Schneider, 1923; Sheldon, 1940; Sheldon & Stevens, 1942), rigidity (Shapiro, 1965), hyper-vigilence (Cameron, 1963; Shapiro, 1965), and excessive need for autonomy (Millon, 1969, 1981). This body of clinical literature formed the basis of the diagnostic criteria for PPD that were incorporated in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III). The DSM-III required that patients meet three criteria for suspiciousness, two for hypersensitivity, and two for restricted affectivity, in order to receive a diagnosis of PPD. In the DSM-III-R, the grouping of diagnostic criteria into sets was replaced by a truly polythetic system in which no single feature (or group of features) was required and any combination of four of seven criteria was sufficient for a PPD diagnosis. In this report, some of the major nosological issues concerning PPD are raised and addressed in light of current research findings. Particular emphasis is placed on research pertaining to the development of diagnostic criteria for PPD in the DSM-IV. C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP BERNSTEIN, DP (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 SN 0885-579X J9 J PERS DISORD JI J. Pers. Disord. PD SPR PY 1993 VL 7 IS 1 BP 53 EP 62 PG 10 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KX677 UT WOS:A1993KX67700007 ER PT J AU BUCHNER, DM HORNBROOK, MC KUTNER, NG TINETTI, ME ORY, MG MULROW, CD SCHECHTMAN, KB GERETY, MB FIATARONE, MA WOLF, SL ROSSITER, J ARFKEN, C KANTEN, K LIPSITZ, LA SATTIN, RW DENINO, LA AF BUCHNER, DM HORNBROOK, MC KUTNER, NG TINETTI, ME ORY, MG MULROW, CD SCHECHTMAN, KB GERETY, MB FIATARONE, MA WOLF, SL ROSSITER, J ARFKEN, C KANTEN, K LIPSITZ, LA SATTIN, RW DENINO, LA TI DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMMON DATA-BASE FOR THE FICSIT TRIALS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL STATE; SELF-EFFICACY; RISK-FACTORS; FALLS; COMMUNITY; BALANCE; SCALE; FEAR AB The eight FICSIT (Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques) sites test different intervention strategies in selected target groups of older adults. To compare the relative potential of these interventions to reduce frailty and fall-related injuries, all sites share certain descriptive (risk-adjustment) measures and outcome measures. This article describes the shared measures, which are referred to as the FICSIT Common Data Base (CDB). The description is divided into four sections according to the four FICSIT committees responsible for the CDB: (1) psychosocial health and demographic measures; (2) physical health measures; (3) fall-related measures; and (4) cost and cost-effectiveness measures. Because the structure of the FICSIT trial is unusual, the CDB should expedite secondary analyses of various research questions dealing with frailty and falls. C1 SEATTLE VA MED CTR,HLTH SERV RES & DEV FIELD PROGRAM,SEATTLE,WA. AUDIE L MURPHY VET AFFAIRS HOSP,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX. TUFTS UNIV,HEBREW REHABIL CTR AGED,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT REHABIL MED,ATLANTA,GA 30322. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NIA,DIV BEHAV & SOCIAL RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. KAISER PERMANENTE,CTR HLTH RES,NW REG,PORTLAND,OR. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DIV BIOSTAT,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. HARVARD UNIV,BETH ISRAEL HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV AGING,BOSTON,MA 02215. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,DIV GERONTOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV INJURY CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT COMMUNITY HLTH CARE SYST,PORTLAND,OR 97201. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. RP BUCHNER, DM (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT HLTH SERV SC37,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. RI Wolf, Steven/F-6588-2010 OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0002-9446-8995; Miller, J Philip/0000-0003-4568-6846 FU NIA NIH HHS [U01-AG09087, U01-AG09089, U01-AG09117] NR 35 TC 226 Z9 234 U1 12 U2 17 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 3 BP 297 EP 308 PG 12 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA KP998 UT WOS:A1993KP99800017 PM 8440854 ER PT J AU MULROW, CD GERETY, MB KANTEN, D DENINO, LA CORNELL, JE AF MULROW, CD GERETY, MB KANTEN, D DENINO, LA CORNELL, JE TI EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Nursing home residents typically have decreased functional and physical status and high health care utilization and costs. This randomized trial evaluates whether physical therapy is beneficial for frail debilitated long-stay residents of nursing homes. Subjects are recruited from a cohort of academic and community nursing home residents who have resided in the nursing home for greater than 3 months and are over age 60 and dependent in at least two activities of daily living. Subjects randomized to the intervention group receive one-on-one physical therapy sessions three times weekly for 4 months, while control group subjects receive structured social visits three times weekly to control for potential Hawthorne effects. Physical therapy sessions generally last 30 minutes and consist of functional activity and general conditioning exercises; these exercises are individually tailored to the subject's level of physical and functional disability. Prime outcome variables are physical function assessed by an observer-administered, performance-based instrument and self-perceived health status assessed by the Sickness Impact Profile. Health care utilization and associated costs are calculated for the following areas: the nursing home, hospitalizations, out-patient visits and procedures, medications, and the intervention. A cost-effectiveness ratio dividing incremental health care utilization and physical therapy intervention costs by the observed improvement in physical function is calculated. It is expected that results of this study can be used to help determine whether long-stay nursing home residents should be eligible for physical therapy. C1 GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP MULROW, CD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AGO9117] NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 6 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 41 IS 3 BP 326 EP 328 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA KP998 UT WOS:A1993KP99800021 PM 8440858 ER PT J AU SIEGEL, RE AF SIEGEL, RE TI CLINICAL CORRELATES OF PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS - CASE 1 SO MOUNT SINAI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY MICROVASCULAR CYTOLOGY; LYMPHANGITIC CARCINOMATOSIS; COR-PULMONALE; TUMOR EMBOLI; DIAGNOSIS; LUNG; CANCER C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED INTENS CARE UNIT,BRONX,NY 10468. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP SIEGEL, RE (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PULM SECT,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL PI NEW YORK PA BOX 1094 ONE GUSTAVE L LEVY PLACE ATTN: CIRCULATION ASST, NEW YORK, NY 10029-6574 SN 0027-2507 J9 MT SINAI J MED JI Mt. Sinai J. Med. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 60 IS 2 BP 121 EP 126 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KT909 UT WOS:A1993KT90900006 PM 8469243 ER PT J AU WOODY, G SCHUCKIT, M WEINRIEB, R YU, E AF WOODY, G SCHUCKIT, M WEINRIEB, R YU, E TI A REVIEW OF THE SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS SECTION OF THE DSM-IV SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE C1 SAN DIEGO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA. UNIV PENN,ADDICT TREATMENT & RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. RP WOODY, G (reprint author), PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BLDG 7,39TH & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 05186]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 47200] NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0193-953X J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 16 IS 1 BP 21 EP 32 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KZ893 UT WOS:A1993KZ89300004 PM 8456046 ER PT J AU WEDDINGTON, WW AF WEDDINGTON, WW TI COCAINE - DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INTERPERSONAL PSYCHOTHERAPY; RELAPSE PREVENTION; LONG-TERM; ABUSERS; ABSTINENCE; TRIAL RP WEDDINGTON, WW (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT 116,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0193-953X J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 16 IS 1 BP 87 EP 95 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KZ893 UT WOS:A1993KZ89300009 PM 8456049 ER PT J AU SCHREINER, MS LEKSELL, LG GOBRAN, SR HOFFMAN, EA SCHERER, PW NEUFELD, GR AF SCHREINER, MS LEKSELL, LG GOBRAN, SR HOFFMAN, EA SCHERER, PW NEUFELD, GR TI MICROEMBOLI REDUCE PHASE-III SLOPES OF CO-2 AND INVERT PHASE-III SLOPES OF INFUSED SF6 SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DEAD SPACE, PULMONARY EMBOLIZATION; EXPIROGRAM, CO2; GAS EXCHANGE, PULMONARY EMBOLIZATION; GAS MIXING, INTRAPULMONARY; MAMMALS, GOAT; PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW, EMBOLIZATION ID SINGLE-BREATH WASHOUT; HEAVY-WATER; DOG LUNGS; PULMONARY; MODEL; CO2; HE AB We investigated the effect of increasing doses of intravenously infused glass microspheres (mean diameter 125 mum) on gas exchange in anesthetized, heparinized, mechanically ventilated goats (VT = 16-18 ml/kg). Breath-by-breath CO2 expirograms were collected using a computerized system (Study A) during the infusion of a total of 15 g of microspheres. We found a 50% decrease in extravascular lung water by indicator dilution with a corresponding doubling of alveolar dead space (VDalv). Airways deadspace (VDaw) decreased by 13 ml (10%) and mean normalized phase III slope for CO2 decreased from 0.23 to -0.08 L-1 becoming negative in 3 of 5 animals. In a second study (Study B), simultaneous breath-by-breath CO2 and infused SF6 expirograms were collected using an infrared CO2 analyzer and a mass spectrometer. Under baseline conditions VDaw for CO2 was smaller than for SF6 and the ratio of the phase III slope for SF6 to the phase III slope for CO2 was 1.39. Following embolization there were no differences in VDaw between the two gases, however, the phase III slope for CO2 became either slightly negative or extremely flat, while the phase III slope for SF6 became negative in 73% of the breaths ( -0.17 L-1, P < 0.05). Negative phase III slopes have been predicted by a single path model when blood flow is confined to the most mouthward generations of the acinus (Schwardt et al., Ann. Biomed. Engin, 19: 679-697, 1991). The agreement between the numerical model and the experimental data is consistent with a serial distribution of blood flow within the acinus. C1 PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIA,38TH ST & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT ANESTHESIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. CHILDRENS HOSP PHILADELPHIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT BIOENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-33891] NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 91 IS 2-3 BP 137 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0034-5687(93)90095-R PG 18 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA KR630 UT WOS:A1993KR63000001 PM 8469840 ER PT J AU MEYER, JS TERAYAMA, Y TAKASHIMA, S OBARA, K WEATHERS, S AF MEYER, JS TERAYAMA, Y TAKASHIMA, S OBARA, K WEATHERS, S TI DENSITOMETRIC COMPARISONS OF POLIO-ARAIOSIS AND LEUKOARAIOSIS AMONG PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC VASCULAR DEMENTIA AND NORMAL VOLUNTEERS SO STROKE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD MAR PY 1993 VL 24 IS 3 BP 511 EP 511 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KP501 UT WOS:A1993KP50100093 ER PT J AU TERAYAMA, Y MEYER, JS KAWAMURA, J WEATHERS, S AF TERAYAMA, Y MEYER, JS KAWAMURA, J WEATHERS, S TI COGNITIVE RECOVERY CORRELATES WITH WHITE-MATTER RESTITUTION AFTER HEAD-INJURY SO SURGICAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HEAD INJURY; COGNITION; WHITE-MATTER INTEGRITY; CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; NORMAL-PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS; ENHANCED COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MULTI-INFARCT DEMENTIA; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; LESIONS; SCANS; CT AB Longitudinal measurements of local cerebral perfusion (LCBF) and local partition coefficients (Llambda) using xenon-enhanced computed tomography were examined in six patients who had suffered from head injury at a mean age of 30 +/- 9.3 years. They were selected from a larger group with head injury because all were observed longitudinally to make excellent cognitive recovery some years after acute cerebral trauma. Results were compared with similar longitudinal measurements made in six age-matched neurologically normal volunteers. In the index group, cognitive test scores were reduced at the time of the first LCBP measurement but significantly improved to normal at the time of the second. The mean interval between measurements was 2.7 +/- 0.7 years. At the time of the first measurement, all six patients exhibited abnormal volumes of white matter with reduced Hounsfield numbers and LCBF and Llambda values. Abnormalities in volume of white matter and LCBF and Llambda values improved to normal at the time of the second measurement. Perfusion values for frontal cortex, putamen, and thalamus were still slightly reduced but also improved toward normal between measurements. Cognitive recovery correlated best with restoration of white matter integrity, suggesting that following head injury, cognitive impairments may be associated with temporary disconnections of corticothalamic projection systems. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT NEUROL,BLDG 7,ROOM 225,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RADIOL SERV,HOUSTON,TX. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW LAB,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT RADIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0090-3019 J9 SURG NEUROL JI Surg. Neurol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 39 IS 3 BP 177 EP 186 DI 10.1016/0090-3019(93)90179-5 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA KV341 UT WOS:A1993KV34100001 PM 8456379 ER PT J AU AGUAYO, SM MILLER, YE KING, TE AF AGUAYO, SM MILLER, YE KING, TE TI IDIOPATHIC HYPERPLASIA OF PULMONARY NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID PEPTIDES; SMOKERS C1 DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DENVER,CO 80220. NATL JEWISH CTR IMMUNOL & RESP MED,DENVER,CO 80206. RP AGUAYO, SM (reprint author), ATLANTA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DECATUR,GA 30033, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 25 PY 1993 VL 328 IS 8 BP 582 EP 582 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KP053 UT WOS:A1993KP05300019 ER PT J AU LAMANCA, J MCCULLY, K HENSON, D SILAGE, DA SWEENEY, HL LEVINE, S AF LAMANCA, J MCCULLY, K HENSON, D SILAGE, DA SWEENEY, HL LEVINE, S TI EFFECT OF PHOSPHOCREATINE (PCR) DEPLETION ON EXERCISE CAPACITY (EC) OF THE INTACT RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,BREATHING DISORDERS PROGRAM,PHILADELPHIA,PA. MED COLL PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A610 EP A610 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97500529 ER PT J AU LIEBER, CS LEO, MA ROBINS, S DECARLI, LM AF LIEBER, CS LEO, MA ROBINS, S DECARLI, LM TI ETHANOL DECREASES HEPATIC PHOSPHATIDYL METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY WHEREAS PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE INCREASES IT, WITH PROTECTION AGAINST CIRRHOSIS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,LIVER DIS & NUTR SECT,BRONX,NY 10468. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BOSTON VA MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02130. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A842 EP A842 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501856 ER PT J AU ANDRADE, F BRASSARD, JM ANZUETO, A MAXWELL, LC LEVINE, SM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG AF ANDRADE, F BRASSARD, JM ANZUETO, A MAXWELL, LC LEVINE, SM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG TI EFFECTS OF RESISTIVE BREATHING IN RAT DIAPHRAGM (DPH) FUNCTION AFTER NORMOBARIC HYPEROXIA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Andrade, Francisco/F-1258-2011 OI Andrade, Francisco/0000-0002-2460-5798 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A222 EP A222 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97401284 ER PT J AU CHOUDHURY, GG BISWAS, P GRANDALIANO, G ABBOUD, HE AF CHOUDHURY, GG BISWAS, P GRANDALIANO, G ABBOUD, HE TI THROMBIN-MEDIATED MITOGENIC SIGNALING INVOLVES PROTEIN KINASE-C-ALPHA (PKC-ALPHA) IN HUMAN GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Grandaliano, Giuseppe/G-2963-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A58 EP A58 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97400332 ER PT J AU HERBERT, V RUDICK, A AF HERBERT, V RUDICK, A TI BILLIONS WILL BE SAVED BY ASSESSING IRON STATUS IN ALL AMERICANS, FOLATE STATUS IN ALL FERTILE FEMALES, AND VITAMIN-B12 STATUS IN ALL AFTER AGE 55 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10468. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A412 EP A412 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97402382 ER PT J AU KREISBERG, JI AYO, SH GARONI, J RADNIK, RA AF KREISBERG, JI AYO, SH GARONI, J RADNIK, RA TI THE GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM IN DIABETES-MELLITUS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A454 EP A454 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97402629 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, W MCKELLAR, C JACKSON, R AF RUSSELL, W MCKELLAR, C JACKSON, R TI MITOCHONDRIAL SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE (MNSOD) EXPRESSION IN HYPOXIC HYPOPERFUSED LUNG-TISSUE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BIRMINGHAM VA MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL. UAB,BIRMINGHAM,AL. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A219 EP A219 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97401262 ER PT J AU VANREMMEN, H TAKAHASHI, R RICHARDSON, A AF VANREMMEN, H TAKAHASHI, R RICHARDSON, A TI ALTERATIONS IN THE EXPRESSION OF SPECIFIC GENES IN PRIMARY CULTURES OF HEPATOCYTES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A147 EP A147 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97400849 ER PT J AU BECKER, HC HALE, RL AF BECKER, HC HALE, RL TI REPEATED EPISODES OF ETHANOL WITHDRAWAL POTENTIATE THE SEVERITY OF SUBSEQUENT WITHDRAWAL SEIZURES - AN ANIMAL-MODEL OF ALCOHOL-WITHDRAWAL KINDLING SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ETHANOL WITHDRAWAL; SEIZURES; KINDLING; MICE; HANDLING-INDUCED CONVULSIONS ID PHYSICAL-DEPENDENCE; MICE; SINGLE; RATS AB Prior experience with ethanol (EtOH) withdrawal may sensitize an individual to subsequent withdrawal episodes. It has been hypothesized that the progressive intensification of the EtOH withdrawal syndrome following repeated episodes of EtOH intoxication and withdrawal may represent the manifestations of a ''kindling'' mechanism. The purpose of this study was to develop an animal model of EtOH withdrawal that is sensitive to the effects of prior withdrawal experience. Adult male C3H mice were chronically exposed to EtOH vapor in inhalation chambers prior to withdrawal testing. A multiple withdrawal (MW) group received 3 cycles of 16 hr EtOH vapor separated by 8-hr periods of abstinence; a single withdrawal (SW) group received a single bout of EtOH exposure (16 hr); a third group (SW-CONT) experienced a single withdrawal episode after receiving the equivalent amount of EtOH intoxication as the MW group (16 x 3 = 48 hr), but in a continuous (uninterrupted) fashion; and a fourth group (C) served as controls, not receiving any EtOH exposure throughout the study. Severity of the withdrawal response was assessed by scoring handling-induced convulsions hourly for the first 10 hr and then at 24 hr postwithdrawal. The results indicated that the severity of EtOH withdrawal seizures was significantly greater in animals that had a prior history of withdrawal episodes (MW group) in comparison to a separate group of animals that were tested following a single withdrawal from the some 16-hr intoxication period (SW group). Moreover, the intensity of withdrawal seizures in MW animals was significantly greater than in animals exposed to an equivalent total amount of intoxication (48 hr), but only withdrawn a single time (SW-CONT group). Differences in the severity of EtOH withdrawal seizures due to differences in prior withdrawal experience do not appear to be related to compromised health of the animals or to differences in the level of intoxication (blood EtOH levels) immediately preceding withdrawal assessment. As such, these results support the ''kindling'' hypothesis of EtOH withdrawal and provide a model with which to study potential mechanisms underlying the phenomenon. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP BECKER, HC (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 31 TC 182 Z9 184 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD FEB PY 1993 VL 17 IS 1 BP 94 EP 98 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1993.tb00731.x PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA KP433 UT WOS:A1993KP43300014 PM 8452212 ER PT J AU SAXENHOFER, H FITZGIBBON, WR PAUL, RV AF SAXENHOFER, H FITZGIBBON, WR PAUL, RV TI URODILATIN - BINDING-PROPERTIES AND STIMULATION OF CGMP GENERATION IN RAT-KIDNEY CELLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR; GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM; INNER MEDULLARY COLLECTING DUCT; RECEPTORS; CELL CULTURE; GUANYLATE CYCLASE ID ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; PARTICULATE GUANYLATE-CYCLASE; RENAL GLOMERULI; HEART-FAILURE; PORCINE BRAIN; CYCLIC-GMP; RECEPTORS; HORMONE; ACTIVATION; MEMBRANES AB Urodilatin (URO) [ANP-(95-126)] is an analogue of atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-ANP) [ANP-(99-126)] that was first isolated from human urine. In rat mesangial cells, URO competed with high affinity for non-guanylate cyclase-coupled ANPR-C receptors [concentration at which 50% labeled ligand is displaced (IC50) almost-equal-to 70 pM], but with lesser affinity to the guanylate cyclase-linked ANPR-A receptors (IC50 almost-equal-to 800 pM). alpha-ANP bound to both receptors with similar affinity [dissociation constant (K(d)) almost-equal-to 150 pM]. In papillary collecting duct homogenates, which possess only ANPR-A receptors, the apparent K(d) value averaged 229 pM for alpha-ANP and 2.7 nM for URO. Intravenous URO was at least as potent and effective as alpha-ANP in inducing diuresis and natriuresis in anesthetized rats, but URO was approximately 10-fold less potent in stimulating guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate generation in mesangial and inner medullary collecting duct cells. We conclude that URO has a lesser affinity than alpha-ANP for guanylate cyclase-coupled ANP receptors in the kidney and that the relative natriuretic potency of URO in vivo cannot be directly attributed to its binding characteristics with ANPR-A receptors. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV NEPHROL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV NEPHROL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. NR 36 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 264 IS 2 BP F267 EP F273 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KN681 UT WOS:A1993KN68100102 PM 8095370 ER PT J AU DURANTE, W SCHINI, VB CATOVSKY, S KROLL, MH VANHOUTTE, PM SCHAFER, AI AF DURANTE, W SCHINI, VB CATOVSKY, S KROLL, MH VANHOUTTE, PM SCHAFER, AI TI PLASMIN POTENTIATES INDUCTION OF NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHESIS BY INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA IN VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CYTOKINE; FIBRINOLYSIS; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; L-ARGININE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; INHIBITION; ACTIVATOR; NITRATE; SYNTHASE; THROMBOLYSIS AB Experiments were performed to examine the effect of the major fibrinolytic protease, plasmin, on the production of nitric oxide from interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-treated cultured human and rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Incubation of vascular smooth muscle cells with IL-1beta resulted in significant accumulation of nitrite and nitrate in the culture media. Plasmin, either added exogenously or generated by the reaction of tissue plasminogen activator with plasminogen, potentiated the IL-1beta-mediated release of nitrite and nitrate from smooth muscle cells in a concentration-dependent manner, without affecting the production of nitrite and nitrate from cells untreated with IL-1beta. This potentiating effect was abolished when plasmin was incubated with the protease inhibitor, alpha2-antiplasmin. The perfusates from columns containing IL-1beta-treated smooth muscle cells relaxed detector blood vessels without endothelium, and the addition of IL-1beta-treated smooth muscle cells to suspensions of indomethacin-treated platelets inhibited their aggregation. Untreated smooth muscle cells or cells treated with plasmin alone did not have such effects. However, the simultaneous treatment of smooth muscle cells with IL-1beta and plasmin markedly enhanced both the relaxing activities of the perfusates and the inhibition of platelet aggregation. Treatment of smooth muscle cells with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine inhibited the cytokine-mediated effects as well as the potentiating effect of plasmin. These results demonstrate that plasmin can enhance the production of nitric oxide by IL-1beta-treated vascular smooth muscle cells. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CTR EXPTL THERAPEUT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP DURANTE, W (reprint author), HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. RI Vanhoutte, Paul/B-4533-2009 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-31183, HL46356, HL-36045] NR 36 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 264 IS 2 BP H617 EP H624 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KN681 UT WOS:A1993KN68100048 PM 8447474 ER PT J AU SCHINI, VB CATOVSKY, S DURANTE, W SCOTTBURDEN, T SCHAFER, AI VANHOUTTE, PM AF SCHINI, VB CATOVSKY, S DURANTE, W SCOTTBURDEN, T SCHAFER, AI VANHOUTTE, PM TI THROMBIN INHIBITS INDUCTION OF NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE IN VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INTERLEUKIN-1; PLATELET AGGREGATION; RAT AORTA; NITRITE; HIRUDIN ID TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA-1; CULTURED ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; FACTOR-LIKE PROTEIN; GUANOSINE-MONOPHOSPHATE; GUANYLATE-CYCLASE; ARTERIAL INJURY; PLATELET; RELEASE; RESPONSIVENESS; PROLIFERATION AB Experiments were designed to examine whether thrombin affects the production of nitric oxide-like factor(s) evoked by interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in cultured smooth muscle cells from the rat aorta. IL-1beta stimulated the release of nitrite (a stable oxidation product of nitric oxide) from cultured smooth muscle cells. Thrombin inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the release of nitrite caused by IL-1beta. The inhibition was prevented by hirudin (a thrombin inhibitor) and required the presence of thrombin before or during the induction period. Under bioassay conditions, the perfusates from columns containing IL-1beta-treated smooth muscle cells relaxed detector rat aortic rings without endothelium. The addition of IL-1beta-treated smooth muscle cells to suspensions of indomethacin-treated platelets inhibited their aggregation. Control untreated smooth muscle cells or cells treated with thrombin alone did not have such effects. The treatment of smooth muscle cells with IL-1beta in combination with thrombin blunted both the relaxing activities of the perfusates under bioassay conditions and the inhibition of platelet aggregation. These observations indicate that thrombin inhibits the production of nitric oxide-like factor(s) evoked by the inducible nitric oxide synthase in cultured smooth muscle cells from rat aorta. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CTR EXPTL THERAPEUT,809 E,1 BAYLOR PLAZA,HOUSTON,TX 77030. HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,HOUSTON,TX 77030. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-46356, HL-36045, HL-31183] NR 35 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 264 IS 2 BP H611 EP H616 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KN681 UT WOS:A1993KN68100047 PM 7680540 ER PT J AU HAMILTON, JD COURVILLE, TJ RICHMAN, B HANSON, P SWANSON, C STAFFORD, J AF HAMILTON, JD COURVILLE, TJ RICHMAN, B HANSON, P SWANSON, C STAFFORD, J TI QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND IMPROVEMENT IN GROUP-PSYCHOTHERAPY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article AB Objective: The authors sought a practical means of monitoring and evaluating group psychotherapy, using existing clinical resources, for purposes of quality improvement and education on a large general hospital psychiatric service. Method: Monitoring indicators were developed which addressed 1) the integration of group psychotherapy into treatment planning and 2) the competence and technique of group psychotherapists. The second indicator was assessed by skilled observers using a newly constructed Group Psychotherapy Rating Scale in direct observation of group psychotherapy sessions. The rating scale was examined for interrater reliability and, as a measure of construct validity, for its ability to distinguish the performance of professional staff therapists from that of trainees. Results: The indicators provided useful monitors of the use and quality of group psychotherapy. The rating scale bad satisfactory interrater reliability and construct validity. The immediate constructive educational critique given by the observers of the therapy groups was highly valued by group therapists. Conclusions: The monitoring and evaluation program proved to be a practical, positive, and inexpensive means of assuring and improving the quality of group psychotherapy in a clinical setting. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP HAMILTON, JD (reprint author), HOUSTON VA MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 150 IS 2 BP 316 EP 320 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KJ624 UT WOS:A1993KJ62400020 PM 8422084 ER PT J AU KATAYAMA, N CLARK, SC OGAWA, M AF KATAYAMA, N CLARK, SC OGAWA, M TI GROWTH-FACTOR REQUIREMENT FOR SURVIVAL IN CELL-CYCLE DORMANCY OF PRIMITIVE MURINE LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; C-KIT; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; CULTURE; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; LIGAND; 5-FLUOROURACIL; ENHANCEMENT C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. GENET INST,CAMBRIDGE,MA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 24 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 81 IS 3 BP 610 EP 616 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA KK811 UT WOS:A1993KK81100007 PM 7678992 ER PT J AU ECKARDT, JR ROODMAN, GD BOLDT, DH CLARK, GM ALVAREZ, R PAGE, C GASKILL, H LEMAISTRE, CF AF ECKARDT, JR ROODMAN, GD BOLDT, DH CLARK, GM ALVAREZ, R PAGE, C GASKILL, H LEMAISTRE, CF TI COMPARISON OF ENGRAFTMENT AND ACUTE GVHD IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CRYOPRESERVED OR FRESH ALLOGENEIC BMT SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE; BONE-MARROW; LYMPHOCYTE-T; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SURFACE-MARKERS; TRANSPLANTATION; DIFFERENTIATION; LEUKEMIA; RECOVERY AB Coordination of marrow donation for allogeneic BMT is a common logistical problem. The use of cryopreserved donor marrow would facilitate scheduling and avoid potential problems due to donor employment, injury, infection or death. We analysed results of 10 matched related BMTs performed with cryopreserved donor marrow and compared them with 33 matched related BMTs using fresh bone marrow over a 4 year period. No difference in time to engraftment of granulocytes and platelets or transfusion requirements were demonstrated for the two groups. However, there was less GVHD in patients who received cryopreserved donor marrow (chi2, p = 0.03; Fisher's exact test (two-sided) p = 0.067) despite comparable risk factors. The reason for this difference is unclear. Our results indicate that the use, of cryopreserved bone marrow for allogeneic BMT patients is at least equivalent to the use of fresh bone marrow. A prospective randomized trial is needed to determine if a true difference exists in the incidence or severity of acute GVHD and to determine if recurrence rate is different between the two groups. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ECKARDT, JR (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT ONCOL 111J,7400 MERTON MINTOR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Ain, Kenneth/A-5179-2012 OI Ain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2668-934X NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 11 IS 2 BP 125 EP 131 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA KK597 UT WOS:A1993KK59700007 PM 8435661 ER PT J AU LEVINE, SM ANZUETO, A GIBBONS, WJ CALHOON, JH JENKINSON, SG TRINKLE, JK BRYAN, CL AF LEVINE, SM ANZUETO, A GIBBONS, WJ CALHOON, JH JENKINSON, SG TRINKLE, JK BRYAN, CL TI GRAFT POSITION AND PULMONARY-FUNCTION AFTER SINGLE LUNG TRANSPLANTATION FOR OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG-DISEASE SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID EMPHYSEMA AB Single lung transplantation (SLT) has become a therapeutic option for the treatment of end-stage obstructive lung disease. Between January 1989 and June 1990, there were 14 patients with end-stage obstructive lung disease who underwent SLT. Eleven of these patients were surviving at 1 year following transplantation. Three of the patients had received left-sided SLT, and eight had received right-sided SLT. In the patients receiving left-sided SLT, the native right lung radiographically appeared to compress the left lung graft. In the patients receiving right-sided SLT, the native left lung did not appear to compress the right lung graft. We hypothesized that right SLT may provide a functional advantage over left SLT for patients with obstructive lung disease. We compared pulmonary function test results before and after transplantation (approximately 3 and 12 months) and compared quantitative ventilation-perfusion lung scan results between the patients with left SLT and those with right SLT. Additionally, we compared graded-exercise test results at 3 and 12 months after transplant between the two groups. Our data revealed no statistical difference in pulmonary function test results or graded-exercise test results between the two groups, although patients undergoing right SLT showed greater increases in FEV1 and forced vital capacity than those undergoing left SLT. Quantitative ventilation and perfusion were greater to the graft in patients receiving right-sided SLT than in patients receiving left-sided SLT, most likely due to the larger size of the right lung. We conclude that there is no functional difference between patients undergoing left or right SLT for end-stage obstructive lung disease. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV PULM DIS CRIT CARE,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,DIV CARDIOTHORAC SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP LEVINE, SM (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PULM DIS SECT 111E,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD FEB PY 1993 VL 103 IS 2 BP 444 EP 448 DI 10.1378/chest.103.2.444 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA KL712 UT WOS:A1993KL71200027 PM 8432134 ER PT J AU SMITH, C YOHN, J MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M AF SMITH, C YOHN, J MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M TI IDENTIFICATION OF PUTATIVE ENDOTHELIN-1 RECEPTORS IN CULTURED HUMAN-MALIGNANT MELANOMA-CELLS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT DERMATOL,DENVER,CO 80202. UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80202. DENVER VAMC,DENVER,CO. UC,CTR CANC,DENVER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1 BP A31 EP A31 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KH410 UT WOS:A1993KH41000161 ER PT J AU SMITH, C YOHN, J MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M AF SMITH, C YOHN, J MORELLI, J DORMISH, J KANE, M ZAMORA, M TI EVIDENCE FOR AN ENDOTHELIN-1 AUTOCRINE SYSTEM IN NORMAL HUMAN KERATINOCYTES SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT DERMATOL,DENVER,CO 80202. UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80202. DENVER VAMC,DENVER,CO. UC,CTR CANC,DENVER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1 BP A4 EP A4 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KH410 UT WOS:A1993KH41000017 ER PT J AU SU, A COMER, J COLLINS, J AF SU, A COMER, J COLLINS, J TI CYTOSOLIC CALCIUM IN COLONIC-CARCINOMA CELL-DIFFERENTIATION SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97201. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1 BP A107 EP A107 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KH410 UT WOS:A1993KH41000588 ER PT J AU SUMNER, AE CHIN, MM ABRAHM, JL BERRY, GT ALLEN, RH STABLER, SP AF SUMNER, AE CHIN, MM ABRAHM, JL BERRY, GT ALLEN, RH STABLER, SP TI PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN-B12 DEFICIENCY IN PATIENTS WITH A HISTORY OF GASTRIC-SURGERY SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA COLL PHARM,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,MED COLL PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV COLORADO,DENVER,CO 80202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1 BP A20 EP A20 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KH410 UT WOS:A1993KH41000106 ER PT J AU GRIMES, R REDDY, SV LEACH, RJ SCARCEZ, T ROODMAN, GD SAKAGUCHI, AY LALLEY, PA WINDLE, JJ AF GRIMES, R REDDY, SV LEACH, RJ SCARCEZ, T ROODMAN, GD SAKAGUCHI, AY LALLEY, PA WINDLE, JJ TI ASSIGNMENT OF THE MOUSE TARTRATE-RESISTANT ACID-PHOSPHATASE GENE (ACP5) TO CHROMOSOME-9 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID MUS-MUSCULUS; EXPRESSION C1 CANC THERAPY & RES CTR,8122 DATAPOINT DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78229. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DETROIT,MI 48201. OI Windle, Jolene/0000-0001-6690-385X FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336] NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD FEB PY 1993 VL 15 IS 2 BP 421 EP 422 DI 10.1006/geno.1993.1079 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA KP145 UT WOS:A1993KP14500026 PM 8449511 ER PT J AU TAKAHASHI, T LASKER, JM ROSMAN, AS LIEBER, CS AF TAKAHASHI, T LASKER, JM ROSMAN, AS LIEBER, CS TI INDUCTION OF CYTOCHROME P-4502E1 IN THE HUMAN LIVER BY ETHANOL IS CAUSED BY A CORRESPONDING INCREASE IN ENCODING MESSENGER-RNA SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE DEMETHYLASE; RAT-LIVER; INDUCIBLE CYTOCHROME-P-450; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; GENE; ACID; DNA; EXPRESSION; SEQUENCES; P450IIE1 AB The propensity of centrilobular liver damage to develop in alcohol abusers after exposure to various hepatotoxins, including ethanol itself, has been linked to the induction by ethanol of P-4502E1, a microsomal P-450 enzyme that bioactivates these agents to reactive metabolites. Whereas long-term ethanol consumption elicits a marked increase in hepatic P-4502E1 content, the molecular mechanism by which ethanol produces this effect is the subject of controversy in animals, and it has not been elucidated in human beings. Possible mechanisms include increased enzyme synthesis stemming from elevated 2E1 messenger RNA levels, enhanced translation of preexisting messenger RNA or stabilization of P-4502E1 protein. To determine which, if any, of these mechanisms underlies P-4502E1 induction in human beings, we examined the effects of ethanol intake on the hepatic intralobular distribution of P-4502E1 messenger RNA and the corresponding protein. Liver sections derived from needle biopsy specimens were obtained from five recently drinking alcoholics (last drink no more than 36 hr before) and eight control subjects (five abstaining alcoholics [last drink 96 hr or more before] and three nondrinkers). In situ hybridization of these liver sections with a hu an P-4502E1 complementary DNA probe was used to localize P-4502E1 messenger RNA transcripts. Quantitative image analysis of hybridized sections from control subjects revealed that P-4502E1 transcript content in perivenular (zone 3) hepatocytes was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in midzonal (zone 2) and periportal (zone 1) cells (18.3 +/- 1, 9.5 +/- 2 and 3.1 +/- 2 arbitrary density units, respectively, mean +/- S.E.M.). In recent drinkers, acinar regions containing P-4502E1 transcripts were elevated 2.9-fold compared with those in controls (32.8% +/- 7% vs. 11.2% +/- 2%; p < 0.01), with this messenger RNA increase occurring mainly in perivenular cells (29.6 +/- 3 vs. 18.3 +/- 1 units; p < 0.01). P-4502E1 protein distribution, assessed by the immunohistochemical staining of liver sections with P-4502E1 antibodies, was found to be analogous to that of the messenger RNA in control subjects (the level in perivenular cells was greater than that in midzonal cells, which was greater than that in periportal cells), whereas recent drinkers exhibited marked elevations in enzyme content in both perivenular and midzonal hepatocytes. Moreover, cellular levels of P-4502E1 protein and messenger RNA were significantly correlated (r(s) = 0.79; p < 0.001) in all patients. Our results indicate that the induction by ethanol of P-4502E1 protein in human liver tissue is associated with, and appears to stem from, a corresponding increase of P-4502E1 messenger RNA. This ethanol-mediated enhancement of P-4502E1 enzyme levels mediated through the encoding messenger RNA, a process occurring primarily in perivenular hepatocytes, may explain why these cells are preferentially damaged after exposure to P-4502E1-activated hepatotoxins. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ALCOHOL RES CTR,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,BRONX,NY 10468. MT SINAI MED SCH,NEW YORK,NY 10468. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-07842, AA-03508, AA-05934] NR 47 TC 194 Z9 200 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD FEB PY 1993 VL 17 IS 2 BP 236 EP 245 DI 10.1016/0270-9139(93)90083-Y PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA KM171 UT WOS:A1993KM17100012 PM 8428720 ER PT J AU BONADONNA, RC SACCOMANI, MP COBELLI, C DEFRONZO, RA AF BONADONNA, RC SACCOMANI, MP COBELLI, C DEFRONZO, RA TI EFFECT OF INSULIN ON SYSTEM-A AMINO-ACID-TRANSPORT IN HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE LIMB BALANCE; 2-METHYLAMINOISOBUTYRIC ACID; 1ST-PASS KINETICS; PROTEIN TURNOVER ID DEPENDENT DIABETIC-PATIENTS; BODY PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; LEUCINE METABOLISM; RAT HEMICORPUS; HUMAN FOREARM; INVIVO; HYPERINSULINEMIA; INFUSION; TURNOVER; CELLS AB Transmembrane transport of neutral amino acids in skeletal muscle is mediated by at least four different systems (system A, ASC, L, and N(m)), and may be an important target for insulin's effects on amino acid and protein metabolism. We have measured net amino acid exchanges and fractional rates of inward (k(in), min-1) and outward (k(out), min-1) transmembrane transport of 2-methylaminoisobutyric acid (MeAIB, a nonmetabolizable amino acid analogue, specific for system A amino acid transport) in forearm deep tissues (skeletal muscle), by combining the forearm perfusion technique and a novel dual tracer ([1-H-3]-D-mannitol and 2-[1-C-14]-methylaminoisobutyric acid) approach for measuring in vivo the activity of system A amino acid transport. Seven healthy lean subjects were studied. After a baseline period, insulin was infused into the brachial artery to achieve local physiologic hyperinsulinemia (76+/-8 muU/ml vs 6.4+/-1.6 muU/ml in the basal period, P < 0.01) without affecting systemic hormone and substrate concentrations. Insulin switched forearm amino acid exchange from a net output (-2,630+/-1,100 amol / min per kg of forearm tissue) to a net uptake (1,610+/-600 nmol/min per kg, P < 0.01 vs baseline). Phenylalanine and tyrosine balances simultaneously shifted from a net output (-146+/-47 and -173+/-34 nmol/min per kg, respectively) to a zero balance (16.3+/-51 for phenylalanine and 15.5+/-14.3 nmol/min per kg for tyrosine, P < 0.01 vs baseline for both), showing that protein synthesis and breakdown were in equilibrium during hyperinsulinemia. Net negative balances of alanine, methionine, glycine, threonine and asparagine (typical substrates for system A amino acid transport) also were decreased by insulin, whereas serine (another substrate for system A transport) shifted from a zero balance to net uptake. Insulin increased kin of MeAIB from a basal value of 11.8 . 10(-2)+/-1.7 . 10(-2) . min-1 to 13.7 . 10(-2)+/-2.2 . 10(-2). min-1 (P < 0.02 vs the postabsorptive value), whereas k(out) was unchanged. We conclude that physiologic hyperinsulinemia stimulates the activity of system A amino acid transport in human skeletal muscle, and that this effect may play a role in determining the overall concomitant response of muscle amino acid/protein metabolism to insulin. C1 UNIV PISA,CNR,INST CLIN PHYSIOL,METAB UNIT,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PADUA,DEPT ELECTR & INFORMAT,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV DIABET,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK24092] NR 55 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 91 IS 2 BP 514 EP 521 DI 10.1172/JCI116230 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KM222 UT WOS:A1993KM22200023 PM 8432860 ER PT J AU KAUFMAN, AJ KIENE, KL MOY, RL AF KAUFMAN, AJ KIENE, KL MOY, RL TI ROLE OF TISSUE UNDERMINING IN THE TRAPDOOR EFFECT OF TRANSPOSITION FLAPS SO JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY AND ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND. The trapdoor or pincushioning effect is a frequent complication of transposition flaps. Several explanations have been proposed for its occurrence, including lymphatic or venous obstruction, scar hypertrophy, excessive subcutaneous fat or flap tissue, and scar contracture. OBJECTIVE. To study the effects of tissue undermining and scar contracture using a guinea pig animal model. METHODS. Circular wounds on the dorsal surface of guinea pigs were repaired with transposition flaps. Half of the recipient beds were undermined widely and half were not undermined. Animals were observed for evidence of the trapdoor phenomenon. RESULTS. Only animals in the group without undermining demonstrated evidence of the trapdoor effect. CONCLUSION. Tissue undermining may prevent the development of the trapdoor effect in transposition flaps. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR, WADSWORTH DIV,DIV DERMATOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0148-0812 J9 J DERMATOL SURG ONC PD FEB PY 1993 VL 19 IS 2 BP 128 EP 132 PG 5 WC Oncology; Dermatology; Surgery SC Oncology; Dermatology; Surgery GA KL831 UT WOS:A1993KL83100004 PM 8429138 ER PT J AU LORR, M STRACK, S AF LORR, M STRACK, S TI SOME NEO-PI 5-FACTOR PERSONALITY PROFILES SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; MODEL; TESTS AB The aim of this study was to identify any clusters of score profiles to be found in a college sample of 236 subjects administered the five-factor NEO [Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness] Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1985). Application of Ward's agglomerative hierarchical procedure to the score profiles disclosed six clusters that were replicated in a K-means partitioning process. The six clusters were then compared by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with respect to their mean five higher order scores on the Interpersonal Style Inventory (Lorr, 1986). The highly significant F tests provided confirmation of the characteristics of the cluster profiles isolated. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OUTPATIENT CLIN,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP LORR, M (reprint author), CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,INST LIFE CYCLE,WASHINGTON,DC 20064, USA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 60 IS 1 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1207/s15327752jpa6001_6 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA KK615 UT WOS:A1993KK61500006 PM 16370836 ER PT J AU BUCKNER, CK FISHLEDER, RI CONKLIN, R WILL, JA DORAN, O GRAZIANO, FM AF BUCKNER, CK FISHLEDER, RI CONKLIN, R WILL, JA DORAN, O GRAZIANO, FM TI PHARMACOLOGICAL MODULATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE EPITHELIUM ON IMMUNOLOGICAL-INDUCED AND NONIMMUNOLOGIC-INDUCED HISTAMINE-RELEASE AND CONTRACTION IN GUINEA-PIG SUPERFUSED TRACHEAL STRIPS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID MEDIATOR RELEASE; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; ANTAGONISTS; REMOVAL; POTENT; CELLS AB The influence of the epithelium on contractions and histamine release evoked by ovalbumin and d-tubocurarine has been examined in guinea pig superfused tracheal strips under several experimental conditions. Without drug pretreatment, removal of the epithelium resulted in larger (P < .05) total histamine released by ovalbumin, 10(-4) to 10(-1) mg/ml, and by d-tubocurarine, 3 x 10(-3) M. In the presence of indomethacin, 5 x 10(-6) M, epithelium removal resulted in elevated histamine release only at smaller ovalbumin concentrations, 10(-4) and 10(-3) mg/ml. Indomethacin did not change the influence of the epithelium on histamine release by d-tubocurarine. Indomethacin treatment abolished the influence of the epithelium on ovalbumin-induced tracheal contraction. With indomethacin, larger (P < .05) histamine release was seen with ovalbumin, 10(-1) and 1 mg/ml, when the epithelium was intact. The larger histamine release in response to ovalbumin, 10(-1) mg/ml, in the presence of the epithelium was unaltered by pyrilamine. 10(-6) M, cimetidine, 10(-4) M, and thioperamide, 10(-6) M. to block histamine H-1, H-2 and H-3 receptors, respectively. Therefore, histamine released by ovalbumin does not stimulate histamine release through an action on these receptors when the epithelium is intact. In the presence, but not in the absence, of the epithelium, A64077, 10(-5) M, and ICI198615, 10(-8) and 10(-6) M, inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and LTD4/E4 receptors, respectively, inhibited histamine release by ovalbumin, 10(-1) mg/ml. Histamine release by ovalbumin, 10(-4) mg/ml, and d-tubocurarine, 3 x 10(-3) M, studied with or without epithelium was not altered by A64077 or ICI198615. It is concluded that increased histamine release after epithelium removal and challenge by smaller (10(-3) mg/ml) ovalbumin concentrations results, partially, from effects of a released cyclo-oxygenase product(s). Elevated histamine release seen in the presence of the epithelium at larger (10(-1) mg/ml) ovalbumin concentrations results, at least in part, through an action of released peptidoleukotrienes. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. RP BUCKNER, CK (reprint author), ICI AMER INC,ICI PHARMACEUT GRP,WILMINGTON,DE 19899, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL33237, HL28585] NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 264 IS 2 BP 717 EP 725 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KM432 UT WOS:A1993KM43200028 PM 7679735 ER PT J AU SCHUMACHER, HR VANLINTHOUDT, D MANNO, CS CUCKLER, JM ATHREYA, BH AF SCHUMACHER, HR VANLINTHOUDT, D MANNO, CS CUCKLER, JM ATHREYA, BH TI DIFFUSE CHONDROLYTIC ARTHRITIS IN SICKLE-CELL DISEASE SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SICKLE CELL DISEASE; CHONDROLYSIS; SYNOVIUM; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; PHAGOCYTIC CELLS ID ACTIVATION; CHONDROCYTES; COLLAGENASE; ANEMIA; BONE AB A young black man with sickle cell disease with recurrent painful vasoocclusive crises developed at 16 years of age a rapid disabling polyarticular chondrolysis leading to a bilateral hip arthroplasty in 1 year. Light microscopy showed erosion and chondrocyte loss with deep clones in the cartilage and congested vessels with extravasation of red blood cells and mononuclear cells in the synovium. Electron microscopy of the synovium disclosed partially occluded blood vessels and phagocytic cells containing red blood cell debris and crystalline hemoglobin-like material. These observations suggest a role for the phagocytic cells in the joint destruction. C1 CHILDRENS SEASHORE HOUSE PHILADELPHIA,CTR PEDIAT RHEUMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA. CHILDRENS HOSP PHILADELPHIA,DIV HEMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP SCHUMACHER, HR (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ARTHRITIS IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 20 IS 2 BP 385 EP 389 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA KM696 UT WOS:A1993KM69600034 PM 8474082 ER PT J AU ERSHLER, WB AF ERSHLER, WB TI INTERLEUKIN-6 - A CYTOKINE FOR GERONTOLOGISTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOID-CELL NEOPLASMS; II BSF-2/IL-6 GENE; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; GROWTH-FACTOR; CASTLEMANS DISEASE; SIGNAL TRANSDUCER; PRECURSOR PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; MICE; IL-6 AB Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a mulfifunctional cytokine that presumably plays its major role as a mediator of several of the acute phase inflammatory responses. These include inflammatory cell and lymphocyte activation and hepatocellular stimulation of acute phase protein synthesis. IL-6 expression is normally low, and serum levels are usually non-detectable in the absence of inflammation. However, with advancing age, serum levels become detectable, and it is proposed that this reflects an age-associated loss in the normal regulation of gene expression for this molecule. The cause of this is most likely multi-factorial, but there is evidence that it relates to an age-associated loss of T cell immunoregulatory functions as well as menopausal loss of estrogen. In any event, the 'inappropriate' presence of IL-6 results in many changes typical of chronic inflammation. There is also speculation that IL-6 may contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases of late-life including lymphoma, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease. In this review the biology of this important cytokine is presented and its relevance to gerontology is highlighted. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM,GERIATR SECT,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 00451, AG 007831] NR 60 TC 272 Z9 281 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP 176 EP 181 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA KL148 UT WOS:A1993KL14800015 PM 8426042 ER PT J AU COBURN, JW AF COBURN, JW TI MINERAL METABOLISM AND RENAL BONE-DISEASE - EFFECTS OF CAPD VERSUS HEMODIALYSIS SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; CALCIUM MASS-TRANSFER; SERUM ALUMINUM LEVELS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; VITAMIN-D; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; PHOSPHATE BINDER; INTRAPERITONEAL DEFEROXAMINE; IONIZED CALCIUM; PLASMA ALUMINUM C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, WADSWORTH DIV, RES SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. RP COBURN, JW (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, WADSWORTH DIV, MED SERV, WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 101 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 EI 1523-1755 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 43 SU 40 BP S92 EP S100 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA KJ410 UT WOS:A1993KJ41000013 PM 8445845 ER PT J AU SIMON, JA AF SIMON, JA TI ASCORBIC-ACID AND CHOLESTEROL GALLSTONES SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES LA English DT Article ID BILIARY LIPID-COMPOSITION; VITAMIN-C STATUS; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; GUINEA-PIGS; BILE-ACIDS; METABOLISM; PLASMA; WOMEN; HEALTHY; DEFICIENCY AB Decreased activity of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of cholesterol to bile acids, is known to result in increased biliary cholesterol concentration and supersaturation of bile. Supersaturation of bile by cholesterol is a necessary condition for cholesterol gallstone formation. In guinea pigs, the hepatic concentration of ascorbic acid affects the catabolism of cholesterol: hypovitaminosis C reduces cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity. Cholesterol gallstones are frequently found in ascorbic acid-deficient guinea pigs. Risk factors for cholesterol gallstones in humans include obesity, aging, estrogen treatment, pregnancy and diabetes. Plasma ascorbic acid levels are reduced in these groups. Vegetarian diets, which typically have high ascorbic acid contents, protect against gallstones. Since ascorbic acid effects the rate-limiting step in the catabolism of cholesterol in the guinea pig and many human risk groups for cholesterol gallstones are associated with reduced ascorbic acid levels, ascorbic acid may play a contributory role in human gallbladder disease. RP SIMON, JA (reprint author), SAN FRANCISCO VA MED CTR,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT 111A1,4150 CLEMENT ST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121, USA. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND EH1 3AF SN 0306-9877 J9 MED HYPOTHESES JI Med. Hypotheses PD FEB PY 1993 VL 40 IS 2 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.1016/0306-9877(93)90132-A PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KN337 UT WOS:A1993KN33700001 PM 8455479 ER PT J AU BHANDARI, B ABBOUD, HE AF BHANDARI, B ABBOUD, HE TI PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR-A CHAIN GENE-EXPRESSION IN CULTURED MESANGIAL CELLS - REGULATION BY PHORBOL ESTER AT THE LEVEL OF MESSENGER-RNA ABUNDANCE, TRANSCRIPTION AND MESSENGER-RNA STABILITY SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CYTOKINE; GROWTH FACTOR; (KIDNEY, HUMAN) ID C-SIS GENE; MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE GENE; HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; B-CHAIN; CYCLIC-AMP; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; PDGF RECEPTOR; STEROID-HORMONES AB In human renal mesangial cells, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-A chain is subject to regulation by protein kinase C (PKC) activator, phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA). Treatment of mesangial cells with PMA increases PDGF-A chain mRNA abundance as analyzed by Northern blot hybridization. In contrast to the effect of PMA, the inactive analog phorbol had no effect on PDGF-A chain mRNA levels, while the PKC inhibitor H7 markedly reduced the PMA-induced increment in PDGF-A chain mRNA. To determine the mechanism by which PMA increases the abundance of this gene, transcription rate was measured by nuclear transcript elongation assay. Treatment of mesangial cells with PMA resulted in a 2-fold increase in PDGF-A chain gene transcription. In addition, we analyzed the effects of PMA on PDGF-A chain mRNA half-life as measured directly by pulse-chase method. PDGF-A chain mRNA has a half-life of about 100 min. The PDGF-A chain mRNA half-life was reduced by 30% (t1/2 = 74 min) when mesangial cells were incubated with PMA. Our results demonstrate that in human renal mesangial cells, the regulation of PDGF-A chain gene expression by PMA is primarily at the level of transcription. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP BHANDARI, B (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK33665, DK43988] NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0303-7207 J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1-2 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1016/0303-7207(93)90271-K PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KL635 UT WOS:A1993KL63500025 PM 8472849 ER PT J AU DAVIDSON, M KAHN, RS STERN, RG HIRSCHOWITZ, J APTER, S KNOTT, P DAVIS, KL AF DAVIDSON, M KAHN, RS STERN, RG HIRSCHOWITZ, J APTER, S KNOTT, P DAVIS, KL TI TREATMENT WITH CLOZAPINE AND ITS EFFECT ON PLASMA HOMOVANILLIC-ACID AND NOREPINEPHRINE CONCENTRATIONS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ATYPICAL NEUROLEPTICS; TREATMENT-REFRACTORY SCHIZOPHRENIA; ALPHA(2)-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS; DOPAMINE ID DOPAMINE METABOLISM; CATECHOLAMINE METABOLITES; BRAIN DOPAMINE; RECEPTORS; CHLORPROMAZINE; HALOPERIDOL; DEBRISOQUIN; SEROTONIN; DRUGS; POTENCIES AB Measurement of plasma concentrations of the dopamine metabolite, homovanillic acid (pHVA), is an indirect tool to assess changes in dopamine turnover. Levels of pHVA have been reported to decrease during treatment with conventional antidopaminergic, neuroleptics, with the decrement correlating with symptomatic improvement in schizophrenic symptoms. Clozapine, an atypical neuroleptic, is the only drug proved to be effective in treatment-refractory patients. However, the mechanism mediating this unique efficacy has not been fully elucidated. This study examined the effect of clozapine on pHVA concentrations in schizophrenic patients. Since clozapine potently binds to alpha2-adrenergic receptors, plasma norepinephrine (pNE) concentrations were also measured. Twenty-eight treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients (24 men, 4 women) were treated with clozapine (up to 600 mg/day) for 5 weeks, after a minimum 1-week drug-free period. Symptomatology and pHVA and pNE concentrations were measured at the last drug-free day and weekly for 5 weeks. Fourteen patients responded to clozapine treatment, while an equal number did not. Mean pHVA concentrations did not significantly change during treatment with clozapine. Although clozapine tended to lower pHVA concentrations in treatment responders, the effect was small and not significant. Clozapine treatment significantly raised pNE concentrations, but this did not differentiate responders from nonresponders to clozapine. These findings suggest that clozapine's effect on DA turnover is small and that clozapine may be effective in treatment-refractory schizophrenia by mechanisms other than, or in addition to, dopamine receptor blockade. However, since about one-third of NE is metabolized into HVA, the clozapine-induced increase in pNE may have overshadowed a possible lowering effect of clozapine on pHVA. C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN RES UNIT,BRONX,NY. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,HPLC LAB,BRONX,NY. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH-37922-07] NR 43 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 46 IS 2 BP 151 EP 163 DI 10.1016/0165-1781(93)90017-B PG 13 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KU969 UT WOS:A1993KU96900005 PM 8483974 ER PT J AU GROSS, TM JARVIK, ME ROSENBLATT, MR AF GROSS, TM JARVIK, ME ROSENBLATT, MR TI NICOTINE ABSTINENCE PRODUCES CONTENT-SPECIFIC STROOP INTERFERENCE SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ABSTINENCE; INTRUSIVE THOUGHTS; NICOTINE; PRIMING; SEMANTIC ACTIVATION; STROOP INTERFERENCE ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; THREAT CUES; ANXIETY-STATES; INFORMATION; MEMORY AB Adult, male smokers were randomly assigned to be nicotine abstinent for 12 h (n = 10) or to smoke normally for the same period of time (n = 10). Performance on a modified version of the Stroop (1935) color-naming task, where subjects named the color of ink in which each of a series of words was written, showed that abstinent smokers took significantly longer to color-name words related to cigarette smoking (e.g., Lighter) than to color-name neutral control words (e.g., Pennant). Non-abstinent smokers showed a significant difference in the opposite direction. These results suggest that nicotine abstinence decreases the ability to ignore the meaning of smoking-related information, This finding supports the hypothesis that abstinence produces a content-specific shift in attentional focus. The present pattern of results cannot be explained by a general decrease in cognitive function due to nicotine abstinence. C1 W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP GROSS, TM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 16 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD FEB PY 1993 VL 110 IS 3 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.1007/BF02251289 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA KL525 UT WOS:A1993KL52500011 PM 7831427 ER PT J AU LEE, AH LEVINSON, AI SCHUMACHER, HR AF LEE, AH LEVINSON, AI SCHUMACHER, HR TI HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA AND RHEUMATIC DISEASE SO SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article DE HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; COMMON VARIABLE HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; SELECTIVE IGA DEFICIENCY; X-LINKED AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; UREAPLASMA-UREALYTICUM; GOLD THERAPY; MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; SEPTIC ARTHRITIS; INFLAMMATORY POLYARTHRITIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN DEFICIENCY C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV ALLERGY & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 91 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0049-0172 J9 SEMIN ARTHRITIS RHEU JI Semin. Arthritis Rheum. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 22 IS 4 BP 252 EP 264 DI 10.1016/0049-0172(93)80073-O PG 13 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA KN212 UT WOS:A1993KN21200004 PM 8484132 ER PT J AU HOSENPUD, JD SHIPLEY, GD MORRIS, TE HEFENEIDER, SH WAGNER, CR AF HOSENPUD, JD SHIPLEY, GD MORRIS, TE HEFENEIDER, SH WAGNER, CR TI THE MODULATION OF HUMAN AORTIC ENDOTHELIAL-CELL ICAM-1 (CD-54) EXPRESSION BY SERUM CONTAINING HIGH TITERS OF ANTI-HLA ANTIBODIES SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Note ID ADHESION MOLECULE EXPRESSION; HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; LYMPHOCYTES-T; REJECTION; SURVIVAL; MHC AB Allograft recipients who have preformed antibodies to MHC determinants or develop these antibodies posttransplantation have a higher incidence of cellular rejection and graft loss. It is unclear whether this association is an etiologic one or whether the presence of these antibodies solely identifies individuals with a more pronounced alloimmunologic response. To determine whether antibodies to MHC determinants have a direct role in enhancing cell-mediated immunity, specifically in altering effector-target cell adhesion, the expression of endothelial cell surface intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in response to serum with high-titer anti-HLA antibodies was investigated. The target cells used were a pool of blood group 0 human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) representing a wide range of HLA-A, B, C, and DR phenotypes. The test serum was serum pooled from 30 highly sensitized individuals (panel-reactive antibody 80%). Antibody binding to HAECs, and HAEC expression of class I and class II major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens and ICAM-1 were assessed by flow cytometry. General HAEC metabolic changes were assessed by H-3-uridine incorporation as a measure of RNA synthesis. Test serum resulted in almost a 14-fold increase in HAEC surface ICAM-1 expression compared with control serum, and titrations of test serum yielded a strong correlation between IgG bound to HAECs and HAEC ICAM-1 expression (r=0.92). Test serum induced no change in expression of HAEC class I or class Il MHC antigens, or H-3-uridine incorporation. The HAEC ICAM-1-inducing ability of the test serum was retained by concentrating the high molecular weight (>100 kilodaltons) fraction of the test serum, isolation and purification of IgG from the test serum, and lost by absorbing his fraction with pooled platelets, suggesting that the activity was mediated by antibodies directed against MHC class I determinants. These data suggest that the presence of anti-HLA antibodies is more than a marker for individuals with greater alloreactive responsiveness. Anti-HLA antibodies may directly and specifically alter adhesion of effector cells to the allograft. C1 OREGON CARDIAC TRANSPLANT PROGRAM,IMMUNOBIOL RES LAB,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,IMMUNOL RES LAB,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT CELL BIOL & ANAT,PORTLAND,OR 97201. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [1-RO1-HL43369] NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD FEB PY 1993 VL 55 IS 2 BP 405 EP 411 PG 7 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA KN015 UT WOS:A1993KN01500032 PM 7679530 ER PT J AU MOGIL, JS MAREK, P YIRMIYA, R BALIAN, H SADOWSKI, B TAYLOR, AN LIEBESKIND, JC AF MOGIL, JS MAREK, P YIRMIYA, R BALIAN, H SADOWSKI, B TAYLOR, AN LIEBESKIND, JC TI ANTAGONISM OF THE NONOPIOID COMPONENT OF ETHANOL-INDUCED ANALGESIA BY THE NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST MK-801 SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE ETHANOL; NONOPIOID; MK-801; DIZOCILPINE; N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; STRESS-INDUCED ANALGESIA; GENETICS; SELECTIVE BREEDING ID STRESS-INDUCED ANALGESIA; BRAIN OPIATE RECEPTORS; RAT-BRAIN; CROSS-TOLERANCE; ALCOHOL; MORPHINE; BINDING; PAIN; MICE; SENSITIVITY AB Recent evidence from our laboratory suggests that the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801 (dizocilpine) selectively antagonizes non-opioid (i.e. naloxone-insensitive) mechanisms of stress-induced analgesia in mice. For example, we have recently demonstrated that a low dose of MK-801 (0.075 mg/kg, i.p.) antagonizes the non-opioid component of a mixed opioid/non-opioid swim stress-induced analgesia (SSIA) resulting from forced swimming for 3 min in 20-degrees-C water. Since ethanol-induced analgesia (EIA) has been found to be only partially attenuated by naloxone, we hypothesized that MK-801 would similarly block the non-opioid component of EIA. The effects of MK-801 and of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (10 mg/kg, i.p.) on analgesia produced by ethanol (2.5 g/kg in 20% vol/vol, i.p.) were studied in control mice and in mice selectively bred for high (HA) or low (LA) SSIA. HA mice showed significantly more, and LA mice significantly less, EIA than controls. Naloxone and MK-801 significantly attenuated EIA in control and HA mice, and in these lines the combined administration of both antagonists blocked EIA completely. In LA mice, which displayed very little EIA, naloxone but not MK-801 reversed EIA completely. These findings provide additional evidence for the role of the NMDA receptor in non-opioid mechanisms of analgesia. The finding that mice selectively bred for high and low SSIA also display high and low EIA suggests common mediation of the effects of stress and ethanol on antinociceptive processes. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. POLISH ACAD SCI,INST GENET & ANIM BREEDING,DEPT BEHAV PHYSIOL,JASTRZEBIEC,POLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VAMC,BRENTWOOD DIV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU PHS HHS [N507628] NR 56 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JAN 29 PY 1993 VL 602 IS 1 BP 126 EP 130 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(93)90251-H PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA KK302 UT WOS:A1993KK30200018 PM 8448649 ER PT J AU HIRAYAMA, F KATAYAMA, N NEBEN, S DONALDSON, D NICKBARG, EB CLARK, SC OGAWA, M AF HIRAYAMA, F KATAYAMA, N NEBEN, S DONALDSON, D NICKBARG, EB CLARK, SC OGAWA, M TI SYNERGISTIC INTERACTION BETWEEN INTERLEUKIN-12 (NATURAL-KILLER-CELL STIMULATORY FACTOR, CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTE MATURATION FACTOR) AND STEEL FACTOR IN SUPPORT OF PROLIFERATION OF MURINE LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS IN CULTURE SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. GENET INST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02140. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 225 EP 225 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500806 ER PT J AU MELCHIOR, CL ALLEN, PM AF MELCHIOR, CL ALLEN, PM TI TEMPERATURE IN MICE AFTER ETHANOL - EFFECT OF PROBING AND REGAIN OF RIGHTING REFLEX SO ALCOHOL LA English DT Article DE ALCOHOL; STRESS; THERMOREGULATION; HYPNOSIS ID BODY-TEMPERATURE; STRESS; HYPERTHERMIA; HYPOTHERMIA; MECHANISMS AB The handling involved in rectally probing a mouse in order to measure body temperature is a stress which results in an increase in body temperature. However, after an injection of ethanol the fall in body temperature caused by ethanol is ''acerbated by probing. In mice, decreases in temperature following probing are ethanol-dose dependent and can be generated on both the falling and rising phases of the ethanol induced change in temperature. The effect of probing can be observed when the mice are under the hypnotic influence of ethanol, and regain of righting reflex itself is followed by a fall in temperature. The resumption of motor activity in undisturbed mice following an hypnotic dose of ethanol also is accompanied by a fall in temperature. Therefore, the drop in temperature observed in any of these procedures which involve moving the mice may be attributable to the disruption of heat conservation rather than a stress interaction. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET ADM,BRENTWOOD DIV RES,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0741-8329 J9 ALCOHOL JI Alcohol PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 17 EP 20 DI 10.1016/0741-8329(93)90048-S PG 4 WC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KJ126 UT WOS:A1993KJ12600003 PM 8447962 ER PT J AU CHAKRABORTY, BM MUELLER, WH JOOS, SK HANIS, CL BARTON, SA SCHULL, WJ AF CHAKRABORTY, BM MUELLER, WH JOOS, SK HANIS, CL BARTON, SA SCHULL, WJ TI OBESITY AND UPPER-BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION IN MEXICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN FROM FAMILIES WITH A DIABETIC PROBAND SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATNESS; LEANNESS; GROWTH; TEXAS; ALERT AB Upper and centralized body fat distribution is associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Few studies have focused on anthropometric characteristics of preadults from families in which there is a diabetic (NIDDM) proband. This study explores the prevalence of upper and centralized body fatness in Mexican American children from the Diabetes Alert study (1981-1983) in Starr County, Texas. Anthropometric data on 165 males and 224 females 9-19 years include measures of adiposity such as skinfold thicknesses and the body mass index (BMI), a measure of overweight. They show rates of obesity two to three times that of White children of comparable age and sex from National Health Surveys. In comparison with U.S. White subjects, Mexican American adults are shorter, have more adiposity and arm muscle mass and have sitting heights and body breadths at the mean of these dimensions for the U.S. population. Children from Diabetes Alert families show only marginal excess of severe obesity (>95th percentile of BMI) when compared to the general population of children surveyed in Starr County schools. Girls from these families, but not boys, have excess fatness in the BMI compared to Mexican American children from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES); suprailiac skinfold thicknesses are also greater in children of the Diabetes Alert study than in HHANES children. From 1972 through 1982, Mexican American children in South Texas showed an increase in average stature, weight, and the BMI. These data together suggest that excessive obesity exists and may be increasing in children in populations at risk for NIDDM. The prevention of NIDDM in the Mexican American population may be more effective if educational and promotional interventions include the school aged population. (C) 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH PUBL HLTH,POB 20186,HOUSTON,TX 77225. UNIV TEXAS,GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,CTR DEMOG,HOUSTON,TX 77225. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97207. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1042-0533 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PY 1993 VL 5 IS 5 BP 575 EP 585 DI 10.1002/ajhb.1310050509 PG 11 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA MG864 UT WOS:A1993MG86400008 ER PT J AU SHUSTER, E AF SHUSTER, E TI A SURGEON WITH ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME - A THREAT TO PATIENT SAFETY - THE CASE OF BEHRINGER,WILLIAM,H. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RIGHTS COMMISSION DECISIONS; AIDS LITIGATION PROJECT; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC; VIRUS; CARE; COURT AB A year ago, the New Jersey case of William H. Behringer, the surgeon with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused health experts to focus on health care workers infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to call for new policies and guidelines to protect patients against infection. After a year of acrimonious debate over the proper approach to the issues discussed in Behringer, no consensus has emerged. The Centers for Disease Control has quietly abandoned its plan to ease its July 1991 guidelines that call for infected professionals to cease performing invasive procedures or disclose their conditions to their patients. It has now decided to let each state set its own rules and regulations in compliance with its guidelines, or risk financial penalties. The issues discussed in Behringer have remained controversial. This case provides an opportunity to identify reasonable actions that may ensure patient safety without inciting public fears, unduly restricting individual freedom, or violating human rights. RP SHUSTER, E (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ACC,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 94 IS 1 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.1016/0002-9343(93)90126-A PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KG494 UT WOS:A1993KG49400015 PM 8380536 ER PT J AU ROSSETTI, L FARRACE, S CHOI, SB GIACCARI, A SLOAN, L FRONTONI, S KATZ, MS AF ROSSETTI, L FARRACE, S CHOI, SB GIACCARI, A SLOAN, L FRONTONI, S KATZ, MS TI MULTIPLE METABOLIC EFFECTS OF CGRP IN CONSCIOUS RATS - ROLE OF GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE AND PHOSPHORYLASE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; ADENYLATE CYCLASE; INSULIN RESISTANCE ID GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; ISLET AMYLOID POLYPEPTIDE; PERIPHERAL INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIVER PLASMA-MEMBRANES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE CELLS; CALCITONIN GENE; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; STRIATED-MUSCLE; NONDIABETIC HUMANS AB Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide that is released at the neuromuscular junction in response to nerve excitation. To examine the relationship between plasma CGRP concentration and intracellular glucose metabolism in conscious rats, we performed insulin (22 pmol . kg-1 . min-1) clamp studies combined with the infusion of 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 pmol . kg-1 . min-1 CGRP (plasma concentrations ranging from 2 x 10(-11) to 5 x 10(-9) M). CGRP antagonized insulin's suppression of hepatic glucose production at plasma concentrations (approximately 10(-10( M) that are only two- to fivefold its basal portal concentration. Insulin-mediated glucose disposal was decreased by 20-32% when CGRP was infused at 50 pmol . kg-1 . min-1 (plasma concentration 3 x 10(-10) M) or more. The impairment in insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle accounted for all of the CGRP-induced decrease in glucose disposal, while whole body glycolysis was increased despite the reduction in total glucose uptake. The muscle glucose 6-phosphate concentration progressively increased during the CGRP infusions. CGRP inhibited insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase in skeletal muscle with a 50% effective dose of 1.9 +/- 0.36 x 10(-10) M. This effect on glycogen synthase was due to a reduction in enzyme affinity for UDP-glucose, with no changes in the maximal velocity. In vitro CGRP stimulated both hepatic and skeletal muscle adenylate cyclase in a dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that 1) CGRP is a potent antagonist of insulin at the level of muscle glycogen synthesis and hepatic glucose production; 2) inhibition of glycogen synthase is its major biochemical action in skeletal muscle; and 3) these effects are present at concentrations of the peptide that may be in the physiological range for portal vein and skeletal muscle. These data underscore the potential role of CGRP in the physiological modulation of intracellular glucose metabolism. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV DIABET,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR & GERONTOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ROSSETTI, L (reprint author), YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL F501,1300 MORRIS PK AVE,BRONX,NY 10461, USA. RI Giaccari, Andrea/J-1889-2012; FRONTONI, SIMONA/J-4893-2012 OI Giaccari, Andrea/0000-0002-7462-7792; FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R29 DK-45024] NR 57 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 264 IS 1 BP E1 EP E10 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KK291 UT WOS:A1993KK29100029 PM 8430777 ER PT J AU FREEMAN, GL PRABHU, SD WIDMAN, LE COLSTON, JT AF FREEMAN, GL PRABHU, SD WIDMAN, LE COLSTON, JT TI AN ANALYSIS OF VARIABILITY OF LEFT-VENTRICULAR PRESSURE DECAY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Note DE DIASTOLE; VENTRICULAR RELAXATION; TAU ID INTACT CANINE HEART; CONSCIOUS DOGS; ISOVOLUMIC RELAXATION; DEPENDENT RELAXATION; DIASTOLIC PROPERTIES; PERFORMANCE; CARDIOLOGY; CHAOS AB This study evaluated whether the time course of left ventricular (LV) pressure decay is consistent from beat to beat in the normal heart under tightly controlled experimental conditions. We determined the variability of LV isovolumic relaxation and compared it with that of other hemodynamic parameters. Pressure decay was evaluated using a monoexponential time constant (T), a half-time (T1/2), and an average rate (R(avg)) in nine chronically instrumented dogs. To eliminate physical factors that could lead to variability, the dogs were studied at paced heart rates after autonomic blockade and during apnea. At a heart rate of 160 beats/min the coefficient of variation (SD/mean, expressed as a percent) was higher for T (4.7%, P < 0.005), T1/2 (5.0%, P < 0.005), and R(avg) (3.2%, P < 0.005) than for dP/dt(max) (1.9%), as well as for end-diastolic volume (1.2%), end-systolic volume (1.2%), or end-systolic pressure (1.8%). Similar differences were present at 200 beats/min. Pressure decay was also assessed during major loading shifts induced by rapid caval occlusion. Surprisingly, comparison of first and last beats did not show significant differences for T or T1/2, but did for all standard hemodynamic parameters and for R(avg), While the best correlation with a relaxation parameter and hemodynamic parameters during changing loading conditions was for R(avg), the correlations were not consistent in every case. We conclude that LV pressure decay shows marked variability, unrelated to the algorithm used to assess it. R(avg), a model independent parameter, may be a useful way to quantify LV pressure fall. C1 AUDIE MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MORPHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Prabhu, Sumanth/D-5223-2009 NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 264 IS 1 BP H262 EP H268 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KK292 UT WOS:A1993KK29200038 PM 8430855 ER PT J AU SIMON, PM DEMPSEY, JA LANDRY, DM SKATRUD, JB AF SIMON, PM DEMPSEY, JA LANDRY, DM SKATRUD, JB TI EFFECT OF SLEEP ON RESPIRATORY MUSCLE-ACTIVITY DURING MECHANICAL VENTILATION SO AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UPPER AIRWAY-RESISTANCE; NREM SLEEP; INDUCED INCREASES; HUMANS; CO2; COMPENSATION; INHIBITION; FREQUENCY AB The purpose of this study was to determine whether consciousness was critical for the expression of neuromechanical inhibition of breathing during mechanical ventilation. This same mechanical ventilation model also was used to evaluate the relative importance of sleep state in causing CO2 retention during sleep. Positive pressure ventilation was used to suppress respiratory muscle activity; CO2 was then added until a reappearance of inspiratory effort, which defined the recruitment threshold (P(CO2)RT). Keeping the mechanics of the respiratory system constant through the use of passive mechanical ventilation allowed us to measure the output of the respiratory controller, independent of these parameters. Eight normal subjects were mechanically hyperventilated with a nasal mask during wakefulness and sleep with matched flow rates, frequencies, and tidal volumes. When inspiratory muscle activity was undetectable and end-tidal P(CO2) (PET(CO2)) fell below 30 mm Hg, inspired CO2 was added in stepped increments until inspiration reoccurred. The sleeping state increased both eupneic PET(CO2) (42 +/- 4 versus 38 +/- 3 mm Hg) and P(CO2)RT (48 +/- 3 versus 46 +/- 2 mm Hg) compared with that during wakefulness. Neuromechanical inhibition of inspiratory muscle activity during mechanical ventilation was present during both wakefulness and sleep, as evidenced by the mean difference between P(CO2)RT and eupneic PET(CO2) of 8 and 6 mm Hg, respectively. Recruitment thresholds during wakefulness and sleep were compared to evaluate the effect of sleep on respiratory motor output independent of changes in load, i.e., respiratory mechanics held constant. P(CO2)RT was higher during sleep than during wakefulness in every subject, indicating a change in set point associated with the loss of the wakefulness stimulus. The difference in mean eupneic PET(CO2) between wakefulness and sleep (4 mm Hg) also was determined to evaluate the effect of sleep on P(CO2) when respiratory mechanics were no longer held constant. The difference in mean eupneic PET(CO2) (4 mm Hg) was greater than the difference in mean P(CO2)RT (2 mm Hg), suggesting that not all the CO2 retention incurred during sleep was due to changes in set point. We conclude that consciousness is not necessary for the expression of neuromechanical inhibition of breathing during mechanical ventilation. Our findings further support the concept that both changes in set point and respiratory load such as an increase in upper airway resistance are important determinants of sleep-induced CO2 retention. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED RES SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,JOHN RANKIN LAB PULM MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PREVENT MED,JOHN RANKIN LAB PULM MED,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [5 PO1 HL-42242-03] NR 24 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 0003-0805 J9 AM REV RESPIR DIS JI Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 147 IS 1 BP 32 EP 37 PG 6 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA KG846 UT WOS:A1993KG84600006 PM 8420427 ER PT J AU BRYANT, BP LEFTHERIS, K QUINN, JV BRAND, JG AF BRYANT, BP LEFTHERIS, K QUINN, JV BRAND, JG TI MOLECULAR STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BINDING AND ACTIVATION OF L-ALANINE TASTE RECEPTORS SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE AMINO ACIDS; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY; L-ALANINE; TASTE RECEPTOR; L-ALANINE ANALOGS; LIGAND BINDING ASSAY ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; AMINO-ACIDS; CHANNEL CATFISH; SENSATION; SPECIFICITY; STIMULUS; SITES AB L-Alanine binds to and activates specific taste receptors of Ictalurus punctatus, the channel catfish. In order to determine the structural requirements for receptor binding and activation in this model system, a number of analogues of L-alanine were tested using a neurophysiological assay and a competitive ligand binding assay. These assays measured the ability of analogues to activate taste receptors and to displace L-[H-3]alanine from L-alanine binding sites. Of those derivatives with modifications of the sidechain, L-serine, glycine, beta-chloroLalanine and 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid were the most potent analogues with IC50s similar to and neural responses slightly decremented from that of L-alanine. Derivatives containing branched sidechains or sidechains of otherwise increased volume were considerably less active. All modifications of the alpha-carboxylic acid and the alpha-amine, including amides, esters and various isosteres, led to substantial reduction in the analogues' ability to displace L-[H-3]alanine and, in most cases, very weak stimulatory capability. However, L-lactic acid was a reasonably strong stimulus, but a poor competitor, suggesting that it acts at a different receptor site. Overall, these results indicate the importance of the charged amine and carboxylic acid groups for binding to and activation of the receptor for L-alanine. Moreover, modifications around the chiral center of L-alanine support the hypothesis that receptor binding and activation are separate processes in this model taste system. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH DENT MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP BRYANT, BP (reprint author), MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,3500 MARKET ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PY 1993 VL 4 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 88 DI 10.1007/BF00805803 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA LC116 UT WOS:A1993LC11600008 PM 24190559 ER PT J AU LEHRER, RI LICHTENSTEIN, AK GANZ, T AF LEHRER, RI LICHTENSTEIN, AK GANZ, T TI DEFENSINS - ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC PEPTIDES OF MAMMALIAN-CELLS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE CYTOTOXIC; ANTIMICROBIAL; NEUTROPHIL; MACROPHAGE; PANETH CELL ID RABBIT ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; HUMAN NEUTROPHIL DEFENSINS; MICROBICIDAL CATIONIC PROTEINS; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; CYTO-TOXICITY; OUTER-MEMBRANE; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; NONOXIDATIVE MECHANISMS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM AB Defensins are antimicrobial and cytotoxic peptides that contain 29-35 amino acid residues, including six invariant cysteines whose intromolecular disulfide bonds cyclize and stabilize them in a complexly folded, triple-stranded beta-sheet configuration. Generated by the proteolytic processing of 93-95 amino acid precursor peptides, they constitute > 5% of the total cellular protein in human and rabbit neutrophils (polymorphonucleated neutrophils-PMN) and are also produced by rabbit lung macrophages and by mouse and rabbit small intestinal Paneth cells. Despite their prominence in rat PMN, defensins are not found in murine PMN. The antimicrobial spectrum of defensins includes gram positive and gram negative bacteria, mycobacteria, T. pallidum, many fungi, and some enveloped viruses. Defensins exert nonspecific cytotoxic activity against a wide range of normal and malignant targets, including cells resistant to TNF-alpha and NK-cytolytic factor. They appear to kill mammalian target cells and micro-organisms by a common mechanism, which involves initial electrostatic interactions with negatively charged target cell surface molecules (likely the head groups of polar membrane lipids), followed by insertion into the cell membranes which they permeabilize, forming voltage-regulated channels. In addition to their antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties, some defensins act as opsonins, while others inhibit protein kinase C, bind specifically to the ACTH receptor and block steroidogenesis or act as selective chemoattractants for monocytes. Defensins are a newly delineated family of effector molecules whose contribution to host defense, inflammation, and cytotoxicity may be considerable for humans, even though it is unlikely to be revealed by experimentation with mice. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET ADM HOSP,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,WILL ROGERS INST PULMONARY RES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP LEHRER, RI (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 35640]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 22839, AI 29595] NR 101 TC 786 Z9 829 U1 3 U2 33 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0732-0582 J9 ANNU REV IMMUNOL JI Annu. Rev. Immunol. PY 1993 VL 11 BP 105 EP 128 PG 24 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KX306 UT WOS:A1993KX30600005 PM 8476558 ER PT J AU GRAYBILL, JR AF GRAYBILL, JR BE Bribiesca, LB TI TREATMENT OF SYSTEMIC MYCOSES IN PATIENTS WITH AIDS SO ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH, VOL 24 NO 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Iberoamerican Symposium: Advances in Host-Parasite Interactions in Fungal Research CY OCT 06-09, 1992 CL MEXICO CITY, MEXICO SP UNIVESIDAD NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO, FAC MED, DEPT MICROBIOL & PARASITOL, SOCIEDAD MEXICANA MICOLOGIA, JANSSEN RES FDN, CONSEJO NACL CIEN & TECNOLOGIA, ORG ESTADOS AMERICANOS, ORG PANAMERICANA SALUD, UNIVESIDAD NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO, DIRECC GEN INTERCAMBIO ACADEMICO DE SYSTEMIC MYCOSES; AIDS; TREATMENTS C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST MEXICANO SEGURO SOCIAL PI MEXICO CITY PA PO BOX 73-032, MEXICO CITY CP 06720, MEXICO PY 1993 BP 403 EP 412 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA BZ84T UT WOS:A1993BZ84T00006 ER PT J AU KUNKEL, CF SCREMIN, AME EISENBERG, B GARCIA, JF ROBERTS, S MARTINEZ, S AF KUNKEL, CF SCREMIN, AME EISENBERG, B GARCIA, JF ROBERTS, S MARTINEZ, S TI EFFECT OF STANDING ON SPASTICITY, CONTRACTURE, AND OSTEOPOROSIS IN PARALYZED MALES SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE CONTRACTURE; DUAL PHOTON ABSORPTIOMETRY; H-REFLEX; OSTEOPOROSIS; PARALYSIS; SPASTICITY ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; SPINAL-CORD INJURY; STIMULATION C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT REHABIL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,DEPT ORTHOPED,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,REHABIL MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP KUNKEL, CF (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,REHABIL MED SERV 117,2100 RIDGECREST DR SE,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108, USA. NR 21 TC 90 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 74 IS 1 BP 73 EP 78 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA KF917 UT WOS:A1993KF91700015 PM 8420525 ER PT J AU DRINKA, PJ OLSON, J BAUWENS, S VOEKS, SK CARLSON, I WILSON, M AF DRINKA, PJ OLSON, J BAUWENS, S VOEKS, SK CARLSON, I WILSON, M TI LACK OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FREE TESTOSTERONE AND BONE-DENSITY SEPARATE FROM AGE IN ELDERLY MALES SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material DE MALE; OSTEOPOROSIS; FREE TESTOSTERONE ID HYPOGONADAL MEN; OSTEOPOROSIS AB It is unclear what proportion of the variance in bone density in elderly males is accounted for by testosterone status. We studied 112 ambulatory, elderly volunteers (mean age 71.7 years) and determined free testosterone (FT), as well as bone density measurements by photon absorptiometry at multiple sites. Our studies of 35 of these subjects 4 years later included morning FT and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. There were no significant correlations between FT and bone density at multiple scanning sites with the effects of age partialed out. We suspect that our inability to detect a significant effect of FT on bone density was related to the relative strength of other determinants of bone density, as well as to the fact that FT values are far more dynamic than bone density. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. WISCONSIN VET HOME,KING,WI 54946. MENDOTA MENTAL HLTH INST,MADISON,WI 53704. MANAGED CARE RESOURCES INC,CHESAPEAKE,VA. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,MADISON,WI 53792. RP DRINKA, PJ (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT INTERNAL MED & GERIATR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 12 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0171-967X J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 52 IS 1 BP 67 EP 69 DI 10.1007/BF00675629 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KE710 UT WOS:A1993KE71000012 PM 8453508 ER PT J AU WANG, X KLEYMAN, TR TOHDA, H MARUNAKA, Y OBRODOVICH, H AF WANG, X KLEYMAN, TR TOHDA, H MARUNAKA, Y OBRODOVICH, H TI 5-(N-ETHYL-N-ISOPROPYL)AMILORIDE SENSITIVE NA+ CURRENTS IN INTACT FETAL DISTAL LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Note DE NA+ CHANNELS; 5-(N-ETHYL-N-ISOPROPYL)AMILORIDE; ALVEOLAR EPITHELIUM; WHOLE-CELL PATCH CLAMP; K+ CHANNELS ID ION-TRANSPORT; CHANNEL; ALVEOLAR; AMILORIDE; CULTURE AB To determine whether primary cultures of rat fetal distal lung epithelium (FDLE) possessed L-type Na+ channels on their plasma membrane we performed experiments with 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA) and other amiloride analogs. Short-circuit current (I(sc)) was decreased by the apical application of amiloride and benzamil, but was unaffected by 10 muM dimethylamiloride (DMA). EIPA decreased I(sc) when added to either the apical or basal sides. Greatest effects were seen with bilateral EIPA, where half-maximal effects occurred in the micromolar range. Measurements of intracellular pH with the fluorescent dye BCECF demonstrated that DMA impaired (IC50 = 71 nM) the ability of FDLE to recover from intracellular acidification. Nystatin perforated patch clamp techniques showed that FDLE had nonrectifying Na+ currents but no detectable Cl- currents. The whole-cell currents were reversibly decreased by 20 muM concentrations of EIPA, benzamil. and amiloride but were unaffected by 20 muM DMA. These studies indicate that there are EIPA-sensitive Na+ conductances in intact FDLE and suggest the presence of L-type Na+ conductances on their apical membrane and EIPA-sensitive K+ channels on the basolateral membrane. C1 UNIV TORONTO,HOSP SICK CHILDREN,DIV RESP RES,555 UNIV AVE,TORONTO M5G 1X8,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 17 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4212 J9 CAN J PHYSIOL PHARM JI Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 71 IS 1 BP 58 EP 62 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Physiology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Physiology GA LA790 UT WOS:A1993LA79000009 PM 8390327 ER PT S AU SCREMIN, OU JENDEN, DJ AF SCREMIN, OU JENDEN, DJ BE Cuello, AC TI ACETYLCHOLINE TURNOVER AND RELEASE - THE INFLUENCE OF ENERGY-METABOLISM AND SYSTEMIC CHOLINE AVAILABILITY SO CHOLINERGIC FUNCTION AND DYSFUNCTION SE PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CHOLINERGIC SYMP CY JUL, 1992 CL STE ADELE, CANADA SP ASTRA ARCUS, BAYER, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB, DAIICHI PHARM, DUPONT PHARMA, FOND RECH SANTE QUEBEC, INST REC JOUVEINAL, INT SOC NEUOCHEM, KABI PHARMA, MCGILL UNIV, FAC MED RP SCREMIN, OU (reprint author), UCLA,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. RI Cuello, A. Claudio/N-8211-2015 NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA AMSTERDAM SN 0079-6123 BN 0-444-89717-8 J9 PROG BRAIN RES PY 1993 VL 98 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Physiology GA BZ03G UT WOS:A1993BZ03G00024 ER PT J AU BARRETT, SA MOURANI, S VILLAREAL, CA GONZALES, JM ZIMMERMAN, JL AF BARRETT, SA MOURANI, S VILLAREAL, CA GONZALES, JM ZIMMERMAN, JL TI RHABDOMYOLYSIS ASSOCIATED WITH STATUS-ASTHMATICUS SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ASTHMA; LACTIC ACIDOSIS; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; STATUS ASTHMATICUS; BRONCHOSPASM; MYOGLOBINURIA; BETA-AGONISTS; RESPIRATORY FAILURE; CORTICOSTEROIDS; CREATINE PHOSPHOKINASE; PULMONARY EMERGENCIES; RENAL EMERGENCIES ID ACUTE HYDROCORTISONE MYOPATHY; ACUTE RENAL-FAILURE C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE MURPHY VET ADM HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP BARRETT, SA (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 21 IS 1 BP 151 EP 153 DI 10.1097/00003246-199301000-00026 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA KG575 UT WOS:A1993KG57500026 PM 8420722 ER PT J AU HAMMOND, TG MAJEWSKI, RR MORRE, DJ SCHELL, K MORRISSEY, LW AF HAMMOND, TG MAJEWSKI, RR MORRE, DJ SCHELL, K MORRISSEY, LW TI FORWARD SCATTER PULSE WIDTH SIGNALS RESOLVE MULTIPLE POPULATIONS OF ENDOSOMES SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE ENDOCYTOSIS; FLOW CYTOMETRY; KIDNEY; TOAD BLADDER; PULSE PROCESSING; VACUOLAR ATPASE; OFFSET ID FLOW-CYTOMETRY; MEMBRANE-VESICLES; DISCRIMINATION; BLADDER; CELLS; DNA AB The technique of pulse width analysis, developed to optimize cell size resolution in cell cycle kinetics, has not previously been applied to small particles such as endosomes. Offset is used to subtract a portion of the beam diameter from forward scatter pulse width signals to optimize visualization and discrimination of small particles. We identify multiple endosomal populations by offset pulse width of light scatter parameters. Specifically, linear forward scatter pulse width measurements reveal at least two populations of endosomes in the rat renal cortex, the rat renal papilla, and the luminal endothelium of the toad urinary bladder. Logarithmically amplified forward scatter pulse width measurements display the full dynamic range of these signals, resolving additional populations not manifest with linear amplification. To confirm that the endosomes observed were resolved from optical and electronic noise, we examined physiological function. The endosomes acidified after supplying ATP to the intrinsic membrane H+-ATPase present. Further, electron microscopy of sorted endosomal populations from the toad urinary bladder confirmed identity and homogeneity of the fraction. Flow cytometric analysis of endosomal populations by multiparametric techniques including pulse width analysis of structural parameters and pulse height analysis of fluorescence from entrapped fluorophores allows identification, isolation, and quantification of multiple endosomal populations. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR COMPREHENS CANC,FLOW CYTOMETRY LAB,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,NEPHROL SECT,MADISON,WI 53705. PURDUE UNIV,DEPT MED CHEM & PHARMACOGNOSY,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP HAMMOND, TG (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI H4510,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P30-CA14520] NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 1993 VL 14 IS 4 BP 411 EP 420 DI 10.1002/cyto.990140410 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KZ452 UT WOS:A1993KZ45200009 PM 8513696 ER PT J AU COLWELL, JA AF COLWELL, JA TI VASCULAR THROMBOSIS IN TYPE-II DIABETES-MELLITUS SO DIABETES LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR-1; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PROINSULIN; SECRETION; INVIVO C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC USA. RP COLWELL, JA (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DIV ENDOCRINOL DIABET & METAB, 171 ASHLEY AVE, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. NR 30 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JAN PY 1993 VL 42 IS 1 BP 8 EP 11 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KE025 UT WOS:A1993KE02500002 PM 8420821 ER PT J AU BONADONNA, RC SACCOMANI, MP SEELY, L ZYCH, KS FERRANNINI, E COBELLI, C DEFRONZO, RA AF BONADONNA, RC SACCOMANI, MP SEELY, L ZYCH, KS FERRANNINI, E COBELLI, C DEFRONZO, RA TI GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT IN HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE - THE INVIVO RESPONSE TO INSULIN SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID DIABETES-MELLITUS; SOMATOSTATIN; METABOLISM; DISPOSAL; KINETICS; HYPERGLYCEMIA; RESISTANCE; FOREARM; INVITRO; OBESE AB Transmembrane glucose transport plays a key role in determining insulin sensitivity. We have measured in vivo WBGU, FGU, and K(in) and K(out) of 3-0-methyl-D-glucose in forearm skeletal muscle by combining the euglycemic clamp technique, the forearm-balance technique, and a novel dual-tracer (1-[H-3]-L-glucose and 3-0-[C-14]-methyl-D-glucose) technique for measuring in vivo transmembrane transport. Twenty-seven healthy, lean subjects were studied. During saline infusion, insulin concentration, FGU (n = 6), K(in), and K(out) (n = 4) were similar to baseline. During SRIF-induced hypoinsulinemia (insulin <15 pM, n = 4) WBGU was close to 0, and FGU, K(in), and K(out) were unchanged from basal (insulin = 48 pM) values. During insulin clamps at plasma insulin levels of approximately 180 (n = 4), approximately 420 (n = 5), approximately 3000 (n = 4), and approximately 9500 pM (n = 4), WBGU was 14.2 +/- 1.3, 34.2 +/- 4.1 (P < 0.05 vs. previous step), 55.8 +/- 1.8 (P < 0.05 vs. previous step), and 56.1 +/- 6.3 mumol . min-1 . kg-1 of body weight (NS vs. previous step), respectively. Graded hyperinsulinemia concomitantly increased FGU from a basal value of 4.7 +/- 0.5 mumol . min-1 . kg-1 up to 10.9 +/- 2.3 (P < 0.05 vs. basal value), 26.6 +/- 4.5 (P < 0.05 vs. previous step), 54.8 +/- 4.3 (P < 0.05 vs. previous step), and 61.1 +/- 10.8 mumol - min-1 - kg-1 Of forearm tissues (NS vs. previous step), respectively. K(in) Of 3-O-methyl-D-glucose in forearm skeletal muscle was increased by hyperinsulinemia from a basal value of 6.6 . 10(-2) +/- 0.38 . 10(-2) to 10.0 . 10(-2) +/- 1.4 . 10(-2) (p < 0.05 vs. baseline), 17.2 . 10(-2) +/- 2.2 . 10(-2) (P < 0.05 vs. previous step), 26.3 . 10(-2) +/- 1.8 . 10(-2) (P < 0.05 vs. previous step), and 29.8 . 10(-2) +/- 5.3 . 10(-2) . min-1 (NS vs. previous step), respectively. FGU and K(in) were positively correlated (r = 0.88, P < 0.01). K(out) of 3-0-methyl-D-glucose did not change from the basal value at the lowest insulin dose (3.9 . 10(-2) +/- 1.1 . 10(-2) vs. 3.8 . 10(-2) +/- 0.33 . 10(-2) . 10(-2) . min-1, NS), but rose significantly at the following insulin steps to 6.1 . 10(-2) +/- 0.8. 10(-2), 6.9 . 10(-2) +/- 0.5 . 10(-2), and 11.9 . 10(-2) +/- 0.3 . 10(-2) . min-1 (P < 0.05 for all three vs baseline). Thus, in human skeletal muscle, in vivo, insulin stimulates K(in) and uptake of glucose in a parallel fashion, whereas SRIF-induced acute hypoinsulinemia does not seem to affect transmembrane transport or uptake of glucose. C1 UNIV PADUA,DEPT ELECTR & INFORMAT,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV DIABET,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP BONADONNA, RC (reprint author), UNIV PISA,CNR,INST CLIN PHYSIOL,METAB UNIT,VIA SAVI 8,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 24092] NR 38 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JAN PY 1993 VL 42 IS 1 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.2337/diabetes.42.1.191 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KE025 UT WOS:A1993KE02500026 PM 8093605 ER PT J AU MATHEWS, CHE DETMER, K LAWRENCE, HJ LARGMAN, C AF MATHEWS, CHE DETMER, K LAWRENCE, HJ LARGMAN, C TI EXPRESSION OF THE HOX-2.2 HOMEOBOX GENE IN MURINE EMBRYONIC EPIDERMIS SO DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID RESTRICTED EXPRESSION; MOUSE CHROMOSOME-11; PATTERN-FORMATION; RETINOIC ACID; BOX GENE; COMPLEX; DROSOPHILA; HOMEODOMAIN; SEQUENCE; PROTEIN AB The expression of the Hox 2.2 gene was studied in mouse fetal skin by in situ hybridization with an anti-sense RNA probe derived from the homeobox region of this gene. In contrast to the expression of Hox 2.2 in spinal cord, which is strongest in 11-day embryos, and is greatly diminished by day 14 and day 17, the signal for Hox 2.2 in skin could be not be detected in 11-day epidermis, was barely detectable on day 14, became strong on day 17, and decreased in new-born animals (day 19). RNase protection assays using Hox 2.2 homeobox-containing and 3' flanking region probes confirmed that the signals detected in 17-day fetal skin by in situ hybridization represent Hox 2.2 transcripts, and that the message is expressed throughout the day 15 to day 18 period during which the epidermis is undergoing terminal differentiation. RNase protection analysis also revealed two alternatively spliced forms of the Hox 2.2 mRNA are present throughout fetal skin development. Northern gel analysis of 17-day fetal skin using a Hox 2.2 homeobox-containing probe at high stringency showed two bands of 1.6 and 1.9 kb, respectively. The 1.9 kb band was greatly enhanced by hybridization at reduced stringency, suggesting the expression of additional homeobox genes with homology to Hox 2.2. These results suggest that the Hox 2.2 homeobox gene plays a role in epidermal development. C1 SAN FRANCISCO VA MED CTR,4150 CLEMENT ST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. UC DAVIS,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DAVIS,CA. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0301-4681 J9 DIFFERENTIATION JI Differentiation PD JAN PY 1993 VL 52 IS 2 BP 177 EP 184 DI 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1993.tb00628.x PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA KN788 UT WOS:A1993KN78800006 PM 8097172 ER PT J AU FAUX, SF MCCARLEY, RW NESTOR, PG SHENTON, ME POLLAK, SD PENHUNE, V MONDROW, E MARCY, B PETERSON, A HORVATH, T DAVIS, KL AF FAUX, SF MCCARLEY, RW NESTOR, PG SHENTON, ME POLLAK, SD PENHUNE, V MONDROW, E MARCY, B PETERSON, A HORVATH, T DAVIS, KL TI P300 TOPOGRAPHIC ASYMMETRIES ARE PRESENT IN UNMEDICATED SCHIZOPHRENICS SO ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AUDITORY EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; P300; SCALP TOPOGRAPHY; NEUROLEPTICS; SCHIZOPHRENIA ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; BRAIN ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; ABNORMALITIES; AUDITORY-P3; VOLUME; STATE; DRUG AB Our laboratory has repeatedly found a left < right auditory P300 temporal lobe topographic asymmetry in right-handed, medicated schizophrenics. To determine whether this asymmetry was attributable to the effects of antipsychotic medications, we collected auditory ''odd-ball'' P300 event-related potentials from 14 right-handed, unmedicated schizophrenics (withdrawn from medication for an average of 21 days) and 14 right-handed, normal controls. Analysis of normalized P300 amplitudes showed a statistically significant difference in the voltage distributions between groups (a group by temporal electrode site interaction) that was consistent with a left < right temporal voltage asymmetry in schizophrenics but not in the normal controls. We conclude that P300 topographic asymmetries are present in unmedicated schizophrenics. These data are compatible with the growing body of data suggesting left temporal lobe structural abnormalities in schizophrenia. C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,BRONX,NY. MT SINAI MED SCH,BRONX,NY. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,BROCKTON,MA. BROCKTON VA MED CTR,BROCKTON,MA. MASSACHUSETTS MENTAL HLTH CTR,BROCKTON,MA. RI Pollak, Seth/G-2345-2011; McCarley, Robert/N-5562-2014 OI McCarley, Robert/0000-0001-5705-7495 FU NIMH NIH HHS [NIMH 40799, MHK-K01-MH00746-02, T32MH16259] NR 42 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0013-4694 J9 ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO JI Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 88 IS 1 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1016/0168-5597(93)90026-L PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Clinical Neurology SC Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology GA KK845 UT WOS:A1993KK84500005 PM 7681389 ER PT J AU CRAIG, W AF CRAIG, W TI PHARMACODYNAMICS OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AS A BASIS FOR DETERMINING DOSAGE REGIMENS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, IN HONOR OF MARC F MICHEL CY OCT 30-31, 1991 CL ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS ID THIGH-INFECTION AB Pharmacodynamic parameters, such as the rate of bactericidal activity with increasing drug concentrations, post-antibiotic effect, sub-MIC effects, post-antibiotic leukocyte enhancement and first-exposure effect, more accurately describe the time course of antimicrobial activity than the MIC and MBC. Aminoglycosides and quinolones exhibit concentration-dependent killing and induce prolonged post-antibiotic effects. The amount of drug rather than the dosing frequency determines the efficacy of these drugs. However, high peak levels can reduce the emergence of resistance, and once-daily dosing of aminoglycosides can also reduce nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. On the other hand, beta-lactam antibiotics show time-dependent killing and produce prolonged post-antibiotic effects only with staphylococci. The frequency of drug administration is an important determinant of outcome for these drugs, as the duration of time serum levels exceed the MIC is the major determinant of efficacy. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP CRAIG, W (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 10 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 2 PU FRIEDR VIEWEG SOHN VERLAG GMBH PI WIESBADEN 1 PA PO BOX 5829, W-6200 WIESBADEN 1, GERMANY SN 0934-9723 J9 EUR J CLIN MICROBIOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PY 1993 VL 12 SU 1 BP 6 EP 8 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA KX959 UT WOS:A1993KX95900003 ER PT J AU CRAIG, W AF CRAIG, W TI RELEVANCE OF ANIMAL-MODELS FOR CLINICAL TREATMENT SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, IN HONOR OF MARC F MICHEL CY OCT 30-31, 1991 CL ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY; INFECTIONS; THIGH; MICE AB The use of animal models has become an integral part of the evaluation of drugs for antimicrobial chemotherapy. Animal models can be used to define the penetration of antimicrobial agents at foci of infections, the time course of in vivo antimicrobial therapy, dose-response relationships, and the influence of therapy on the pathophysiologic consequences of infection. Animal models have been useful in the delineation of many of the basic principles currently used in clinical practice and in the selection of new agents and new therapeutic approaches for clinical trials in humans. In spite of the many positive aspects of animal models, several problems, such as altered pharmacokinetics in animals, can preclude direct application of results to clinical practice. Studies in animal models cannot replace the need for human dinical trials. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP CRAIG, W (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRIEDR VIEWEG SOHN VERLAG GMBH PI WIESBADEN 1 PA PO BOX 5829, W-6200 WIESBADEN 1, GERMANY SN 0934-9723 J9 EUR J CLIN MICROBIOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PY 1993 VL 12 SU 1 BP 55 EP 57 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA KX959 UT WOS:A1993KX95900012 ER PT J AU MOBBS, CV AF MOBBS, CV TI GENETIC INFLUENCES ON GLUCOSE NEUROTOXICITY, AGING, AND DIABETES - A POSSIBLE ROLE FOR GLUCOSE HYSTERESIS SO GENETICA LA English DT Article ID FEMALE C57BL/6J MICE; HYPOTHALAMIC-LESIONED RATS; BETA-CELL FUNCTION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; REPRODUCTIVE SENESCENCE; ESTRADIOL ACCUMULATION; GOLD THIOGLUCOSE; AGE; HYPERINSULINEMIA; INTOLERANCE AB Glucose may drive some age-correlated impairments and may mediate some effects of dietary restriction on senescence. The hypothesis that cumulative deleterious effects of glucose may impair hypothalamic neurons during aging, leading to hyperinsulinemia and other age-correlated pathologies, is examined in the context of genetic influences. Susceptibility to toxic effects of gold-thio-glucose (GTG) is correlated with longevity across several mouse strains. GTG and chronic hyperglycemia induce specific impairments in the ventromedial hypothalamus similar to impairments which occur during aging. GTG and a high-calorie diet both induce chronic hyperinsulinemia, leading initially to hypoglycemia, followed by the development of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Aging in humans and rodents appears to entail a similar pattern of hyperinsulinemia followed by insulin resistance. In humans, genetic susceptibility to high-calorie diet-induced impairments in glucose metabolism is extremely common in many indigenous populations, possibly due to the selection of the 'thrifty genotype'. It is suggested that the 'thrifty genotype' may entail enhanced sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of glucose, and may represent an example of antagonistic pleiotropy in human evolution. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that genetic susceptibility of hypothalamic neurons to the cumulative toxic effects of glucose (glucose neurohumoral hysteresis) may correlate with genetic influences on longevity. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MOLEC MED & DIAGNOST LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10129. RP MOBBS, CV (reprint author), MT SINAI SCH MED,FISHBERG CTR NEUROBIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10129, USA. NR 95 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-6707 J9 GENETICA JI Genetica PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1-3 BP 239 EP 253 DI 10.1007/BF01436001 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA MT350 UT WOS:A1993MT35000020 PM 8125273 ER PT J AU SERAFETINIDES, EA AF SERAFETINIDES, EA TI CEREBRAL-DOMINANCE, SLEEP AND DREAM PHENOMENA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CEREBRAL DOMINANCE AND SLEEP ID COGNITIVE ASYMMETRIES; EEG ASYMMETRY; REM-SLEEP; LATERALITY; MENTATION; WAKINGS; NREM AB Evidence from human and animal studies is discussed in relation to the role played by the cerebral hemispheres in the genesis of sleep and particularly dream phenomena. The inconclusiveness of such research is commented upon and suggestions for further research are outlined. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP SERAFETINIDES, EA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,BLDG 258,ROOM 403,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0020-7454 J9 INT J NEUROSCI JI Int. J. Neurosci. PY 1993 VL 71 IS 1-4 BP 63 EP 70 DI 10.3109/00207459309000593 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA PM316 UT WOS:A1993PM31600008 PM 8407156 ER PT J AU ANZUETO, A ANDRADE, FH MAXWELL, LC LEVINE, SM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG AF ANZUETO, A ANDRADE, FH MAXWELL, LC LEVINE, SM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG TI DIAPHRAGMATIC FUNCTION AFTER RESISTIVE BREATHING IN VITAMIN-E-DEFICIENT RATS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RESPIRATORY MUSCLE; DIAPHRAGM; FREE RADICALS; VITAMIN-E DEFICIENCY; LIPID PEROXIDATION; GLUTATHIONE; FATIGUE; CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EXERCISE; GLUTATHIONE; MECHANISMS; SELENIUM; TOXICITY; PERFORMANCE; PROTECTION AB The effects of vitamin E deficiency on diaphragm function were studied at rest and after resistive breathing (RB) in Sprague-Dawley rats (wt 300-400 g). The animals were pair fed a vitamin E-deficient diet (E-def) or a matched vitamin E-sufficient diet (E-suf). Each diet group was then further subdivided into a group that breathed unimpeded (control) and a second group that breathed through an inspiratory resistor until the animals were unable to sustain 70% of their maximum airway pressure. Diaphragm samples were obtained for analysis of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, glutathione (GSH) concentrations, and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) concentrations. In vitro isometric contractile studies were also performed and included twitch (P(t)) and maximum tetanic (P(o)) tensions, force-frequency curves, fatigue index, and recovery index. P(t) was significantly reduced in the E-suf RB group as well as both of the E-def groups. P(o) was also significantly reduced in both E-def groups. The E-def rats subjected to RB showed a significant decrease in tension at both high and low frequencies compared with the E-suf rats. Concentrations of diaphragm thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly increased in both E-def groups. RB in both E-suf and E-def rats resulted in increases in diaphragm concentrations of GSSG and decreases in the GSH/GSSG ratios. We conclude that reduction of contractile function, lipid peroxidation, and activation of the GSH redox cycle occur with RB and that these effects are significantly increased in the presence of vitamin E deficiency. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ANZUETO, A (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV PULM DIS CRIT CARE,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Andrade, Francisco/F-1258-2011 OI Andrade, Francisco/0000-0002-2460-5798 NR 36 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 74 IS 1 BP 267 EP 271 PG 5 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA KJ480 UT WOS:A1993KJ48000036 PM 8444702 ER PT J AU MODY, FV BUXTON, DB ARAUJO, LI FISHBEIN, ME SELIN, CE SCHELBERT, HR SCHWAIGER, M AF MODY, FV BUXTON, DB ARAUJO, LI FISHBEIN, ME SELIN, CE SCHELBERT, HR SCHWAIGER, M TI BLOOD FLOW-DEPENDENT UPTAKE OF IN-111 MONOCLONAL ANTIMYOSIN ANTIBODY IN CANINE ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MYOSIN-SPECIFIC ANTIBODY; CREATINE KINASE-MB; CARDIAC MYOSIN; SIZE; QUANTIFICATION; REPERFUSION; PYROPHOSPHATE; FRAGMENTS; OCCLUSION AB Objectives. The relation of myocardial blood flow and indium-111 (In-111) antimyosin antibody uptake was studied by inducing myocardial infarction in 18 dogs, 8 with closed chest left anterior descending artery balloon occlusion for 3 h followed by reperfusion (group A) and 10 dogs with open chest left anterior descending artery ligation (without reperfusion, group B). Background. The relation of antimyosin uptake to myocardial injury has been documented. However, its relation to tracer delivery by myocardial blood flow has not been studied and has been assumed to be independent. Methods. Indium-111 antimyosin antibody, 2 mCi, was injected 20 min after reperfusion and 3 h after coronary artery ligation in groups A and B, respectively. Regional blood flows were determined by radiolabeled microspheres during occlusion and 24 h later in both groups. On day 2, dogs were killed after risk zone delineation with gentian violet. The heart was excised and stained with triphenyltetrazolium chloride solution and graded for increasing severity of tissue injury based on extent of staining. Microsphere activity and In-111 antimyosin activity were measured in control tissue (grade 1), noninfarct tissue at risk (grade 2), mixed tissue (grade 3), infarct tissue (grade 4) and hemorrhagic infarct tissue (grade 5, present only in group A dogs). Count activity was normalized to that of the mean value in control tissue (grade 1) and expressed as a ratio of activity. Results. Indium-111 antimyosin activity was high in triphenyltetrazolium chloride grade 4 tissue in both groups but was attenuated in grade 4 tissue in group B dogs (10.6 +/- 5.1 vs. 5.0 +/-4.5; p < 0.05 group A vs. group B), which had lower blood flow on day 2 (0.51 +/- 0.36 vs. 0.23 vs. 0.22; p < 0.01). Normalizing In-111 antimyosin activity for blood flow on day 2 resulted in equivalent In-111 antimyosin uptake for infarct tissue (32.6 +/- 21.6 vs. 36.6 +/- 29.8 for group A vs. group B; p = NS). Conclusions. Thus, In-111 antimyosin uptake is a specific marker of necrotic tissue with a high signal ratio in reperfused tissue. However, its uptake is dependent on residual blood flow in the infarct territory. Indium-111 antimyosin could potentially serve as a suitable tracer for infarct sizing if myocardial blood flow in the same region were factored simultaneously. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL SCI,DIV NUCL MED & BIOPHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BIOMED & ENVIRONM SCI,NUCL MED LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP MODY, FV (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES WADSWORTH VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV CARDIOL,691W111E,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL29845, HL33177] NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 21 IS 1 BP 233 EP 239 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KG398 UT WOS:A1993KG39800033 PM 7678020 ER PT J AU ROWAN, AB FOY, DW AF ROWAN, AB FOY, DW TI POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER IN CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE SURVIVORS - A LITERATURE-REVIEW SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article DE PTSD; CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE; EXPOSURE ID IMPACT; INCEST; RAPE; VICTIMS; WOMEN AB Research to date has failed to identify a unique syndrome describing the sequelae of child sexual abuse (CSA). Recently, however, some researchers have suggested Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder as the diagnosis which best fits the syndrome commonly seen in CSA survivors. Research examining the consequences of CSA in terms of the applicability of a PTSD diagnosis is reviewed. Additionally, based on findings of significant relationships between PTSD and traumatic exposure in other trauma groups, this review also examines studies which have investigated relationships between exposure and symptom development among CSA survivors. Finally, conclusions regarding the applicability of PTSD to CSA survivors and suggestions for future research are offered. C1 W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,BRENTWOOD,CA. RP ROWAN, AB (reprint author), FULLER THEOL SEMINARY,GRAD SCH PSYCHOL,PASADENA,CA 91101, USA. NR 38 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 5 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD JAN PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 3 EP 20 DI 10.1002/jts.2490060103 PG 18 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA KR236 UT WOS:A1993KR23600001 ER PT J AU ABBOUD, HE SCHENA, FP COHEN, JJ STERZEL, RB STRIKER, G GESUALDO, L FINE, LG STRIKER, L PETEN, E THOMSON, N CAMERON, S BORSATTI, A RUBINKELLY, VE REMUZZI, G AF ABBOUD, HE SCHENA, FP COHEN, JJ STERZEL, RB STRIKER, G GESUALDO, L FINE, LG STRIKER, L PETEN, E THOMSON, N CAMERON, S BORSATTI, A RUBINKELLY, VE REMUZZI, G TI GROWTH-FACTORS IN GLOMERULONEPHRITIS SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Discussion ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL CELLS; EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX; FACTOR-I; FACTOR-BETA; GENE-EXPRESSION; PDGF RECEPTOR; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV BARI, DIV NEPHROL, I-70124 BARI, ITALY. SUNY STONY BROOK, STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA. UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG, W-8520 ERLANGEN, GERMANY. NIH, DIV KIDNEY UROL & HEMATOL DIS, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UNIV COLL & MIDDLESEX SCH MED, DEPT MED, LONDON, ENGLAND. NIDDKD, BETHESDA, MD USA. UNIV HOSP PADOVA, DIV NEPHROL, PADUA, ITALY. MONASH UNIV, QUEEN VICTORIA MED CTR, MELBOURNE, VIC 3004, AUSTRALIA. GUYS HOSP, LONDON SE1 9RT, ENGLAND. HARVARD UNIV, SCH MED, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. MARIO NEGRI INST PHARMACOL RES, KIDNEY DIS LAB, I-20157 MILAN, ITALY. RP ABBOUD, HE (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DIV NEPHROL, 7703 FLOYD CURL DR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RI Schena, Francesco /K-6982-2016 OI Schena, Francesco /0000-0001-7927-5207 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 33665, DK 43988] NR 156 TC 198 Z9 200 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 43 IS 1 BP 252 EP 267 DI 10.1038/ki.1993.39 PG 16 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA KC891 UT WOS:A1993KC89100039 PM 8433565 ER PT J AU LIVINGSTON, EH GUTH, PH AF LIVINGSTON, EH GUTH, PH TI ANTISECRETORY AND CYTOPROTECTIVE DOSES OF ENPROSTIL DO NOT ALTER GASTRIC-MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN GAS CLEARANCE; 16,16-DIMETHYL PROSTAGLANDIN-E2; ACID SECRETION; RAT DUODENUM; PROSTACYCLIN; PGE2; CIMETIDINE; ULCERATION; DAMAGE; INDOMETHACIN AB Prostaglandins of the E series are antisecretory and cytoprotective. Cytoprotection occurs in the deep but not superficial gastric mucosa. It has been hypothesized that the mechanism of cytoprotection involves increased gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF). However, basal and stimulated gastric mucosal blood flow is greater in the deep than superficial corpus mucosa. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a prostaglandin E2 analog, enprostil, on GMBF in the deep mucosa, where cytoprotection is observed, in both antisecretory and cytoprotective doses. Gastric mucosal blood flow in the deep half of the mucosa was measured by the hydrogen gas clearance method before, during and after intragastric perfusion of enprostil, 0.1-100 mug/kg, in urethane anesthetized rats. Enprostil did not alter GMBF in any of the doses tested. Therefore, the cytoprotective action of enprostil is mediated by factors other than a primary increase in GMBF. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, SURG SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, RES SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. RP LIVINGSTON, EH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT SURG, 10833 LE CONTE AVE, 72-215 CHS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PY 1993 VL 52 IS 20 BP 1621 EP 1628 DI 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90043-3 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KX649 UT WOS:A1993KX64900004 PM 8483391 ER PT J AU COULL, BM CLARK, WM AF COULL, BM CLARK, WM TI ABNORMALITIES OF HEMOSTASIS IN ISCHEMIC STROKE SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-S DEFICIENCY; THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; SICKLE-CELL DISEASE; PAROXYSMAL-NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; OCCLUSIVE CEREBROVASCULAR-DISEASE; CEREBRAL VENOUS THROMBOSIS; INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR; PATENT FORAMEN OVALE; ANTICARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. RP COULL, BM (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT NEUROL,L-226,3181 SW SAM JACKSON PK DR,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [2PO1 NS17493-09] NR 122 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 77 IS 1 BP 77 EP 94 PG 18 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KG314 UT WOS:A1993KG31400006 PM 8419725 ER PT J AU CAROFF, SN MANN, SC AF CAROFF, SN MANN, SC TI NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; LETHAL CATATONIA; HYPERTHERMIA; METABOLISM; PATHOLOGY; FREQUENCY; BRAIN; RISK C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INPATIENT PSYCHIAT UNIT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP CAROFF, SN (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 116A,GEN PSYCHIAT SECT,UNIV AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 48 TC 266 Z9 272 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 77 IS 1 BP 185 EP 202 PG 18 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KG314 UT WOS:A1993KG31400012 PM 8093494 ER PT J AU DROPCHO, EJ KLINE, LB RISER, J AF DROPCHO, EJ KLINE, LB RISER, J TI ANTINEURONAL (ANTI-RI) ANTIBODIES IN A PATIENT WITH STEROID-RESPONSIVE OPSOCLONUS-MYOCLONUS SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Note ID NEOPLASTIC CEREBELLAR DEGENERATION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CANCER; ADULTS AB A 45-year-old woman developed opsoclonus, myoclonus, and severe truncal and gait ataxia. Serum and CSF contained IgG antibodies that appear to be identical to ''anti-Ri'' antibodies associated with paraneoplastic opsoclonus and ataxia. The patient had a fluctuating course with exacerbations that responded well to corticosteroids and later to cyclophosphamide. Her anti-Ri antibody titer has declined significantly but still remains high. After more than 3 years of follow-up, no neoplasm has been detected. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. BIRMINGHAM VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL. BROOKWOOD MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL. RP DROPCHO, EJ (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT NEUROL,UAB STN,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294, USA. NR 10 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JAN PY 1993 VL 43 IS 1 BP 207 EP 211 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA KJ189 UT WOS:A1993KJ18900036 PM 8423887 ER PT J AU GORMAN, DG UNUTZER, J AF GORMAN, DG UNUTZER, J TI BRODMANN MISSING NUMBERS SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT NEUROL, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PSYCHIAT SERV, BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. RP GORMAN, DG (reprint author), LOVELACE MED CTR, DEPT NEUROL, 5400 GIBSON BLVD SE, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87108 USA. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JAN PY 1993 VL 43 IS 1 BP 226 EP 227 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA KJ189 UT WOS:A1993KJ18900043 PM 8423895 ER PT J AU KOVACHICH, GB FRAZER, A ARONSON, CE AF KOVACHICH, GB FRAZER, A ARONSON, CE TI EFFECT OF CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS ON ALPHA-2-ADRENOCEPTORS IN THE LOCUS-CERULEUS AND ITS PROJECTION FIELDS IN RAT-BRAIN DETERMINED BY QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALPHA-2-ADRENOCEPTORS; H-3-IDAZOXAN; LOCUS COERULEUS; ANTIDEPRESSANTS ID ALPHA-2 ADRENOCEPTOR HETEROGENEITY; NORADRENERGIC NEURONS; H-3 RAUWOLSCINE; PRESYNAPTIC RECEPTORS; FILM AUTORADIOGRAPHY; ANTAGONIST BINDING; AMINE METABOLISM; HIGH-AFFINITY; SITES; INHIBITION AB The density of alpha2-adrenoceptors, using H-3-idazoxan as the radioligand, was determined by quantitative autoradiography in the locus coeruleus and in 13 noradrenergic projection fields following chronic administration of drugs acting on noradrenergic and/or serotonergic neurons. Protriptyline, an inhibitor of the uptake of norepinephrine, and mianserin, an alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist, reduced the binding of H-3-idazoxan only in the locus coeruleus. Phenelzine, an inhibitor of both type A and type B monoamine oxidase (MAO), reduced the binding of H-3-idazoxan in the locus coeruleus and in several areas with noradrenergic innervation from tegmental cell bodies. Clorgyline, a selective inhibitor of type A MAO, had no effect. Of the two selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake, citalopram caused a modest increase in binding only in one terminal field area, whereas sertraline had no effect. Although these antidepressants did not produce consistent effects on alpha2-adrenoceptors, protriptyline, mianserin, and phenelzine were similar in that they all decreased the binding of H-3-idazoxan in the locus coeruleus without widely affecting its binding in the coerulean terminal fields. Deprenyl, a selective inhibitor of type B MAO, the only drug in this study without proven antidepressant efficacy, differed from all other drugs in that it decreased the binding of H-3-idazoxan both in the locus coeruleus as well as in most terminal fields with primarily coerulean noradrenergic innervation. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH VET MED,PHARMACOL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH VET MED,TOXICOL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH29094] NR 55 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD JAN PY 1993 VL 8 IS 1 BP 57 EP 65 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA KD906 UT WOS:A1993KD90600007 PM 8093834 ER PT J AU SCREMIN, OU JENDEN, DJ AF SCREMIN, OU JENDEN, DJ TI ACETYLCHOLINE TURNOVER AND RELEASE - THE INFLUENCE OF ENERGY-METABOLISM AND SYSTEMIC CHOLINE AVAILABILITY SO PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID PLASMA CHOLINE; BRAIN CHOLINE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; RAT-BRAIN; ISCHEMIA; TRANSPORT; NEURONS; EXCHANGE; OUTPUT; RABBIT C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PHYSIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PHARMACOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP SCREMIN, OU (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0079-6123 J9 PROG BRAIN RES JI Prog. Brain Res. PY 1993 VL 98 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA MA269 UT WOS:A1993MA26900024 ER PT J AU KAHN, RS DAVIDSON, M AF KAHN, RS DAVIDSON, M TI SEROTONIN, DOPAMINE AND THEIR INTERACTIONS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA - AN EDITORIAL SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLOZAPINE; RECEPTORS RP KAHN, RS (reprint author), BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,13W KINGSBRIDGE RD,NEW YORK,NY 10468, USA. NR 17 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PY 1993 VL 112 IS 1 SU S BP S1 EP S4 DI 10.1007/BF02245002 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA LV406 UT WOS:A1993LV40600001 PM 7831437 ER PT J AU KAHN, RS SIEVER, L DAVIDSON, M GREENWALD, C MOORE, C AF KAHN, RS SIEVER, L DAVIDSON, M GREENWALD, C MOORE, C TI HALOPERIDOL AND CLOZAPINE TREATMENT AND THEIR EFFECT ON M-CHLOROPHENYLPIPERAZINE-MEDIATED RESPONSES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF CLOZAPINE SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CLOZAPINE; HALOPERIDOL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; M-CHLOROPHENYLPIPERAZINE ID META-CHLOROPHENYLPIPERAZINE; RAT-BRAIN; SEROTONIN FUNCTION; RECEPTORS; DOPAMINE; D2; CHLORPROMAZINE; ANTAGONISTS; RITANSERIN; SITES AB Since clozapine is, in contrast to conventional neuroleptics, effective in treatment refractory schizophrenic patients its mechanism of action may be different from that of typical neuroleptics. Clozapine has been shown to display the highest binding affinity of all neuroleptics to one of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) receptor subtypes, i.e., the 5HT1c receptor. Furthermore, clozapine, in contrast to conventional neuroleptics, blocks the effect of 5HT agonists on ACTH and corticosterone release in animals. This study hypothesized that clozapine, but not haloperidol would block ACTH and prolactin release induced by the 5HT agonist, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (MCPP). MCPP (0.35 mg/kg PO) was administered after a 3-week drug-free period, after 5 weeks of haloperidol treatment (20 mg/day) and finally after 5 weeks of clozapine treatment (> 400 mg/day) in ten male schizophrenic patients. Clozapine, but not haloperidol, blocked the effect of MCPP on ACTH and prolactin release. These results suggest that clozapine, in contrast to haloperidol, is a functional 5HT antagonist. Since MCPP-induced ACTH and prolactin release may be (partially) 5HT1c mediated, these results suggest that clozapine is a potent antagonist at the 5HT1c receptor. RP KAHN, RS (reprint author), BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,NEW YORK,NY 10468, USA. NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PY 1993 VL 112 IS 1 SU S BP S90 EP S94 DI 10.1007/BF02245012 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA LV406 UT WOS:A1993LV40600011 PM 7831445 ER PT J AU LEVITTE, SS AF LEVITTE, SS TI COEXISTENT HYPOMANIA AND SEVERE HYPOTHYROIDISM SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE-DISORDER; THYROID-FUNCTION; LITHIUM; LEVOTHYROXINE C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. HOUSTON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,HOUSTON,TX. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 34 IS 1 BP 96 EP 97 PG 2 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA KF382 UT WOS:A1993KF38200014 PM 8426899 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, JP ANDERSON, TR BOERINGA, JA LEWIS, F PADILLA, FS AF THOMPSON, JP ANDERSON, TR BOERINGA, JA LEWIS, F PADILLA, FS TI THE HOMELESS - PSYCHOLOGICAL-ASPECTS OF THEIR REHABILITATION SO REVISTA LATINOAMERICANA DE PSICOLOGIA LA Spanish DT Article DE HOMELESS; VOCATIONAL COUNSELING; REHABILITATION ID COUNSELOR CHARACTERISTICS; PREFERENCES AB This paper discusses vocational rehabilitation approaches to counseling homeless people. The overall problem of homelessness is discussed. Definitions of homelessness are presented. General problems in counseling homeless people are reviewed. A discussion of counseling strategies follows with reference to: 1. sensitivity to cultural factors, 2. sensitivity to the homeless condition, 3. a review of empowerment approaches. The components of a comprehensive rehabilitation of homeless people, arc outlined. The importance of adequate housing and medical attention are stressed as key components of the rehabilitation of homeless people. The focus of the paper is on helping homeless people with disabilities. Traditional vocational assessment techniques such as vocational interest and aptitude testing is discussed within the context of working with homeless people. The necessity of formulating a comprehensive vocational plan is emphasized. Vocational rehabilitation resources available to homeless people are reviewed. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. RP THOMPSON, JP (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU REV LATINOAMER PSICOL PI BOGOTA D.E. PA APARTADO 92621, BOGOTA D.E., COLOMBIA SN 0034-978X J9 REV LAT AM PSICOL JI Rev. Latinoam. Psicol. PY 1993 VL 25 IS 3 BP 365 EP 374 PG 10 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA MU414 UT WOS:A1993MU41400002 ER PT J AU CRAIG, WA AF CRAIG, WA TI THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF CEFPIROME - RATIONALE FOR A 12-HOUR DOSING REGIMEN SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-DOSE PHARMACOKINETICS; HR 810; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; CEPHALOSPORIN; PENETRATION; SINGLE; INFECTION; TISSUE AB Cefpirome is a new broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic that exhibits minimal concentration dependent killing and produces prolonged postantibiotic effects only with Staphylococcus aureus. These pharmacodynamic characteristics suggest that the goal of optimal dosing regimens for cefpirome is to provide serum levels above the MIC of infecting pathogens for most of the dosing interval. Cefpirome has a half-life of 2.0 hours in normal volunteers that increases to 3.1 to 4.4 hours in elderly patients. Serum concentrations following 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 grams of cefpirome are above the MIC of common pathogens for more than half of the dosing interval. For many of the Enterobacteriaceae, serum concentrations are above the MIC for over 12 hours. The drug distributes primarily into extracellular fluid and does provide potentially therapeutic concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The drug is eliminated primarily by the kidney and requires dosage modification when the creatinine clearance is below 50 ml/min. The half-life of the drug is not significantly altered in patients with cystic fibrosis and hepatic dysfunction. The integration of the drug's pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics support the use of a 12-hour dosing interval for the treatment of serious infection. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP CRAIG, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0036-5548 J9 SCAND J INFECT DIS JI Scand. J. Infect. Dis. PY 1993 SU 91 BP 33 EP 40 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA MH453 UT WOS:A1993MH45300005 ER PT J AU SCHEIBEL, AB CONRAD, AS AF SCHEIBEL, AB CONRAD, AS TI HIPPOCAMPAL DYSGENESIS IN MUTANT MOUSE AND SCHIZOPHRENIC MAN - IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP SO SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PYRAMIDAL CELL; DENTATE GYRUS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; REELER MICE; AUTORADIOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; RHESUS-MONKEY; ORIGIN; NEURONS; REGION AB A rapidly growing body of data points to structural alterations of the temporal lobe in a significant number of schizophrenic patients. At the histological level, these changes are most frequently seen in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, and a strong case can be made for attributing them to disturbed neuroembryogenesis. Archicortical components of the temporal lobe are now known to follow an unusually complex course of embryological development, and we suggest that the process may be especially vulnerable to interference. A number of autosomal mutant mice express anomalies of hippocampal development, some of which resemble caricatures of the more subtle alterations in schizophrenic patients. We have suggested that at least some schizophrenias may result from the impact of maternal exposure to influenza virus during the period of neuroblast migration into the hippocampal primordium in the presence of as yet unspecified patterns of genetically transmitted immuno-incompetence. Although this putative interaction of genetic and epigenetic factors in humans probably differs from the factors involved in the mutant mouse, study of the murine model may reveal those mechanisms of embryogenesis that are most likely to be disturbed in the temporal lobe of schizophrenic patients. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, DEPT NEUROL, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 60 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0586-7614 J9 SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL JI Schizophr. Bull. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP 21 EP 33 PG 13 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KQ643 UT WOS:A1993KQ64300004 PM 8451611 ER PT S AU TALAL, N AF TALAL, N BE Bystryn, JC Ferrone, S Livingston, P TI LESSONS FROM AUTOIMMUNITY SO SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER WITH VACCINES SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER WITH VACCINES CY JAN 21-24, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NCI, BIOMIRA INC, CAMBRIDGE BIOTECH, AMER CYANAMID, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB, PHARM RES INST, CYTOGEN CORP, GENENTECH, GENETICS INST, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE RP TALAL, N (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-825-1 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 690 BP 19 EP 23 PG 5 WC Oncology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BY95C UT WOS:A1993BY95C00004 ER PT B AU HISNANICK, JJ AF HISNANICK, JJ GP SAS USERS GRP INT TI USING SAS ETS IN APPLIED ECONOMETRICS - PARAMETERS ESTIMATES FOR THE CES-TRANSLOG SPECIFICATION SO SUGI 18: PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL SAS USERS GROUP INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual SAS Users Group International Conference (SUGI 18) CY MAY 09-12, 1993 CL NEW YORK, NY SP SAS USERS GRP INT C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,NATL CTR VET ANAL & STAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20420. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAS INST INC PI CARY PA SAS CIRCLE, PO BOX 8000, CARY, NC 27511 BN 1-55544-550-0 PY 1993 BP 275 EP 279 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BA72C UT WOS:A1993BA72C00045 ER PT J AU SASAKI, AW LEE, RG PORAYKO, MK BENNER, KG HENNELL, KR WHEELER, LJ PINSON, CW AF SASAKI, AW LEE, RG PORAYKO, MK BENNER, KG HENNELL, KR WHEELER, LJ PINSON, CW TI ACCELERATED LIVER ALLOGRAFT-REJECTION DURING PROPHYLACTIC IMMUNOSUPPRESSION WITH OKT3 SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Note ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; TRANSPLANTATION; EXPERIENCE; RECIPIENTS; THERAPY C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT CLIN TRANSPLANT,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,IMMUNOGENET & TRANSPLANT LAB,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VA MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT ORAL HLTH RES,NASHVILLE,TN 37240. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT SURG,NASHVILLE,TN 37240. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD JAN PY 1993 VL 55 IS 1 BP 216 EP 219 PG 4 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA KH660 UT WOS:A1993KH66000044 PM 8420054 ER PT J AU MACKINNEY, AA AF MACKINNEY, AA TI DEVELOPING A CURRICULUM ON BEDSIDE DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP MACKINNEY, AA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 67 IS 12 BP 840 EP 840 DI 10.1097/00001888-199212000-00008 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA KC303 UT WOS:A1992KC30300010 PM 1457018 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, DY GO, MF EVANS, DJ AF GRAHAM, DY GO, MF EVANS, DJ TI UREASE, GASTRIC AMMONIUM AMMONIA, AND HELICOBACTER-PYLORI - THE PAST, THE PRESENT, AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE-RESEARCH SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review AB The presence of ammonium in gastric contents was described in 1852; urease activity in the stomach was identified 70 years later. The discovery of gastric urease resulted in intense research activity to discover its origin, function, and relation to the gastric levels of ammonium and urea. Interest in urease waned in the 1960s as most pertinent questions appeared to have been addressed and there was strong evidence that gastric urease was not a property of the stomach but was of microbial origin. Identification of Helicobacter pylori as the source of urease in the stomach in the last decade has resulted in a rebirth of interest in gastric urease and its products.1-15 There is little actual evidence to support a role for toxicity of ammonia in relation to H. pylori and the bulk of the evidence suggests that the products of urease activity are not toxic and may even be beneficial. The purpose of this review is to examine the older literature and to examine new findings in the perspective of what is already known and to suggest areas remaining to be examined. We ask, 'What is old, what is new, and what needs to be done?' C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP GRAHAM, DY (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 39919] NR 0 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 6 IS 6 BP 659 EP 669 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KD504 UT WOS:A1992KD50400001 PM 1486153 ER PT J AU CANEZ, MS SAMUELS, MH LUTHER, MF KING, TS SCHENKEN, RS AF CANEZ, MS SAMUELS, MH LUTHER, MF KING, TS SCHENKEN, RS TI COCAINE IMPAIRS GONADOTROPIN-SECRETION IN OOPHORECTOMIZED MONKEYS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COCAINE; REPRODUCTIVE DYSFUNCTION; PRIMATES ID FEMALE RHESUS-MONKEY; PROGESTERONE; DISPOSITION; PREGNANCY; ESTROGEN; HUMANS AB OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether cocaine alters gonadotropin secretion in oophorectomized monkeys. STUDY DESIGN: Oophorectomized monkeys with elevated gonadotropin levels were chronically cannulated to allow blood sampling every 15 minutes. Monkeys received either saline solution or 2 or 4 mg/kg cocaine hydrochloride as an intravenous bolus. Other oophorectomized monkeys were pretreated with either saline solution or 4 mg/kg cocaine 2 hours before bolus gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration, and plasma luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were measured every 15 minutes for 3 hours. Monkeys were also given either saline solution or 4 mg/kg of cocaine with gonadotropin-releasing hormone simultaneously, and plasma gonadotropin levels were measured every 15 minutes for 3 hours. Serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Both doses of cocaine resulted in a significant decrease in luteinizing hormone levels compared with controls. Follicle-stimulating hormone levels were significantly decreased only with the 4 mg/kg dose of cocaine. There was no difference in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the cocaine-treated monkeys compared with saline solution-treated monkeys by using repeated-measures analysis of variance. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that acute cocaine administration to oophorectomized primates inhibits basal luteinizing hormone-follicle-stimulating hormone secretion but not gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release. In the absence of an effect on gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated gonadotropin release, we conclude that the impaired luteinizing hormone-follicle-stimulating hormone secretion after cocaine administration is due in part to a direct effect of cocaine on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons or on hypothalamic neurotransmitter modulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone release. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY VET HOSP,DEPT RES & DEV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 167 IS 6 BP 1785 EP 1793 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA KD429 UT WOS:A1992KD42900050 PM 1471699 ER PT J AU ZEIDLER, A EDWARDS, P GOLDMAN, J KORT, S MEEHAN, WP LEVIN, SR AF ZEIDLER, A EDWARDS, P GOLDMAN, J KORT, S MEEHAN, WP LEVIN, SR TI HYPERGLYCEMIC ATHYMIC NUDE-MICE - FACTORS AFFECTING INVITRO INSULIN-SECRETION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PANCREAS; PERFUSION; GLUCOSE; SOMATOSTATIN; NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS ID DIABETES-MELLITUS; MOUSE AB The strain of athymic nude male mice (ANM) developed at the University of Southern California (USC) exhibits spontaneous hyperglycemia and relative hypoinsulinemia in vivo. To investigate factors that influence insulin secretion in this animal model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we utilized the isolated perfused mouse pancreas of the ANM-USC and control BALB/c mice. We compared in vitro glucose-induced insulin secretion in ANM-USC and control mice, inhibition of secretion by somatostatin, and variability of insulin secretion over the two-year period it took to complete these experiments. Glucose-induced insulin secretion from the isolated pancreas was biphasic in both ANM-USC and controls. Insulin secretion was quantitatively equal to or greater than control mice, depending on the phase-of secretion analyzed and the source of the control mice. In contrast to pancreases of control mice, insulin secretion from ANM-USC pancreases was relatively resistant to inhibition of insulin secretion by somatostatin. Variability in insulin secretion over the two years in which these experiments were performed was greater from pancreases of control than that observed from pancreases of the ANM-USC. The hyperglycemic ANM-USC mouse does not demonstrate diminished insulin secretion in vitro yet is relatively hypoinsulinemic in vivo. Thus circulating factors other than somatostatin might contribute to the insulinopenic stage in this animal model. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIABET RES LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV MICHIGAN,HENRY FORD HOSP,DETROIT,MI 48202. RP ZEIDLER, A (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,LOS ANGELES CTY MED CTR,SCH MED,1200 N STATE ST,RM 8250,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 263 IS 6 BP E1131 EP E1133 PN 1 PG 3 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KF375 UT WOS:A1992KF37500041 ER PT J AU COURSIN, DB CIHLA, HP OBERLEY, TD OBERLEY, LW AF COURSIN, DB CIHLA, HP OBERLEY, TD OBERLEY, LW TI IMMUNOLOCALIZATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES AND ISOZYMES OF GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE IN NORMAL RAT LUNG SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; CATALASE; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; IMMUNOGOLD; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ACTIVITY; LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; SYRIAN-HAMSTER TISSUES; OXYGEN-TOXICITY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; KIDNEY DEVELOPMENT; II CELLS; METABOLISM; HYPEROXIA; CATALASE AB Polyclonal antisera to manganese and copper-zinc superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and isozymes of glutathione S-transferase (liver and placental isolates, GST-L and GST-P, respectively) were used to localize these enzymes in normal rat lung by immunostaining. Light-microscopic results, using an immunoperoxidase technique, were expanded on by electron-microscopic immunogold localization. The findings were consistent with previous biochemical work. However, both GPx and GST-P were predominantly localized to extracellular connective tissue of the lung. These findings demonstrate the basal antioxidant enzyme phenotypes for parenchymal lung tissue at light- and electron-microscopic levels. Significant components of enzymatic defense to oxidant stress are heterogeneously distributed throughout rat lung tissue including both epithelial cell surfaces and the extracellular matrix. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PATHOL SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,RADIAT RES LAB,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-41267] NR 42 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 263 IS 6 BP L679 EP L691 PN 1 PG 13 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA KF375 UT WOS:A1992KF37500076 PM 1282303 ER PT J AU ZITNIK, RJ COOPER, JAD RANKIN, JA SUSSMAN, J AF ZITNIK, RJ COOPER, JAD RANKIN, JA SUSSMAN, J TI EFFECTS OF INVITRO AMIODARONE EXPOSURE ON ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY MEDIATOR PRODUCTION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE; AMIODARONE; FIBRONECTIN; LEUKOTRIENES; SUPEROXIDE ID LIGAND RECEPTOR DYNAMICS; PULMONARY TOXICITY; SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION; GROWTH-FACTOR; NEUTROPHIL; FIBRONECTIN; FIBROBLASTS; MECHANISMS; LUNG AB Administration of amiodarone, although often lifesaving, is associated with pulmonary side effects. Patients with amiodarone pulmonary toxicity can present with either a chronic disorder that suggests pulmonary fibrosis or a more acute process. Mechanisms of acute pulmonary injury resulting from amiodarone are unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that the drug is preferentially concentrated in alveolar macrophages. In the present study, the authors examined whether in vitro exposure to amiodarone resulted in alteration of rat alveolar macrophage superoxide, leukotriene B4, or fibronectin release. In addition, the authors assessed whether macrophages were ultrastructurally altered by in vitro amiodarone exposure. Twenty four hour exposure to therapeutic tissue concentrations of amiodarone resulted in enhancement of phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated macrophage superoxide release. In addition, 48 hours exposure to amiodarone caused a dose-dependent inhibition of spontaneous fibronectin release by macrophages. Macrophages exposed to 48 hours of 10 mug/ml amiodarone were ultrastructurally abnormal, containing lamellar inclusions and demonstrating a large degree of vacuolization. The authors concluded that alveolar macrophages are very sensitive to therapeutic tissue concentrations of amiodarone. Alteration of macrophage mediator release by amiodarone may be one mechanism for lung damage induced by the drug. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,PULM SECT,UNIV STN,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. BIRMINGHAM VAMC,PULM SECT,BIRMINGHAM,AL. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,PULM SECT,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 304 IS 6 BP 352 EP 356 DI 10.1097/00000441-199212000-00004 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KB474 UT WOS:A1992KB47400004 PM 1333729 ER PT J AU GEE, JE MILLER, DM AF GEE, JE MILLER, DM TI STRUCTURE AND APPLICATIONS OF INTERMOLECULAR DNA TRIPLEXES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE CHEMICAL PROBING; CHEMOTHERAPY; DNA BINDING DRUGS; INTERMOLECULAR DNA TRIPLEX ID SITE-SPECIFIC CLEAVAGE; HELIX-FORMING OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC RECOGNITION; DUPLEX DNA; MAJOR GROOVE; ALPHA-OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; INTERCALATING AGENTS; TARGETED CLEAVAGE; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; NEUTRAL PH AB Current DNA binding drugs are not sequence specific. Triplex-forming oligonucleotides will bind targeted duplex DNA sites in a sequence-specific manner. A new class of DNA binding molecules based on triple-helical DNA formation promises a sequence-specific method of targeting discrete regions of DNA. DNA modifying molecules linked to third strands have been shown to modify only regions of DNA to which they were targeted. Current research will increase the understanding of triplex DNA structure and will lead to improved DNA binding drugs. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT INTERNAL MED,520 WTI,BHFB 288,UAB STN,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. BIRMINGHAM VA MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT BIOCHEM,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV ALABAMA,CTR COMPREHENS CANC,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 42337, CA 42664] NR 74 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 304 IS 6 BP 366 EP 372 DI 10.1097/00000441-199212000-00008 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KB474 UT WOS:A1992KB47400008 PM 1456276 ER PT J AU CRAIG, WA EBERT, SC AF CRAIG, WA EBERT, SC TI CONTINUOUS INFUSION OF BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Review ID KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE PNEUMONIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; EXPERIMENTAL MENINGITIS; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY; INTERSTITIAL FLUID; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; THIGH-INFECTION C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH PHARM,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53705. MERITER HOSP,DEPT PHARM,MADISON,WI 53715. RP CRAIG, WA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 77 TC 236 Z9 241 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 36 IS 12 BP 2577 EP 2583 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KA934 UT WOS:A1992KA93400001 PM 1482127 ER PT J AU HARDIN, TC SHARKEY, PK LAM, YFF WALLACE, JE RINALDI, MG GRAYBILL, JR AF HARDIN, TC SHARKEY, PK LAM, YFF WALLACE, JE RINALDI, MG GRAYBILL, JR TI PHARMACOKINETICS OF SCH-39304 IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS FOLLOWING CHRONIC ORAL DOSING SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID NORMAL VOLUNTEERS; PENETRATION AB The pharmacokinetics of SCH-39304, an investigational, orally active, broad-spectrum antifungal agent, were evaluated in 17 adult, human immunodeficiency virus-positive males. Patients were studied on days 1 and 16 and were divided into the following three treatment groups: (i) patients with culture-proven oropharyngeal candidiasis who were not receiving concurrent zidovudine therapy and who were treated with 50 mg of SCH-39304 daily (n = 6); (ii) patients with culture-proven oropharyngeal candidiasis who were receiving concurrent zidovudine therapy and who were treated with 50 mg of SCH-39304 daily (n = 5); and (iii) patients with or without oropharyngeal candidiasis who were receiving concurrent zidovudine therapy and who were treated with 200 mg of SCH-39304 daily (n = 6). All patients received a single daily dose of the study medication for 16 days. Plasma samples for SCH-39304 concentration measurement were collected for 6 h following the initial dose and for 504 h following the day 16 dose. Urine was collected for 24 h following SCH-39304 administration on days 1 and 16. All samples were assayed for SCH-39304 by gas chromatography. Wide intersubject variations in SCH-39304 plasma concentration-versus-time profiles were observed on each study day. Absorption appeared to be slow, with mean day 1 peak plasma SCH-39304 concentrations of 1.2 mug/ml at 2.1 h (50 mg) and 3.9 mug/ml at 4.0 h (200 mg) after drug administration. Mean peak plasma SCH-39304 concentrations on day 16 were 7.6 mug/ml at 4.3 h (50 mg) and 17.2 mug/ml at 3.2 h (200 mg) after drug administration. Mean elimination half-lives on day 16 for the 50- and 200-mg daily dosages were 100 and 89 h, respectively. SCH-39304 was cleared primarily unchanged in the urine. Mean areas under the plasma concentration-versus-time curve (from 0 to 24 h) on day 16 reflect a lower than expected increase with the 200-mg/day regimen (314.5 mug . h/ml) compared with that for the 50-mg/day regimen (135.9 mug . h/ml), suggesting the potential for reduced bioavailability at higher dosages. No significant effect of concurrent zidovudine therapy on the kinetics of SCH-39304 was observed. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,COLL PHARM,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP HARDIN, TC (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01346] NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 36 IS 12 BP 2790 EP 2793 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KA934 UT WOS:A1992KA93400037 PM 1482146 ER PT J AU GALE, GR WALKER, EM SMITH, AB JONES, MM STONE, A BASINGER, MA SINGH, PK AF GALE, GR WALKER, EM SMITH, AB JONES, MM STONE, A BASINGER, MA SINGH, PK TI N-BENZYL-N-LACTYL DITHIOCARBAMATE TREATMENT OF MICE AFTER CHRONIC CADMIUM ADMINISTRATION SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CADMIUM; DITHIOCARBAMATES ID CHELATING-AGENTS; MOBILIZATION; INTOXICATION; ANTAGONISTS; EXCRETION; DEPOSITS AB Administration of N-benzyl-N-lactyl dithiocarbamate (BLDTC) to mice after chronic cadmium (Cd) administration evoked a prompt, dose-dependent reduction of the whole body burden; 75% of the retained Cd was mobilized and excreted after 20 i.p. injections of BLDTC at 1.0 mmol/kg/injection. This same dose regimen produced 71% and 98% reductions of the renal and hepatic Cd concentrations, respectively. There was no reduction by BLDTC of the endogenous level of any of seven other metals measured: iron, magnesium, selenium, copper, calcium, zinc, and manganese. Renal proximal tubular damage in mice which received Cd followed by BLDTC was much less than that observed in kidneys from mice which received Cd alone. Chronic Cd administration led to substantial epithelial vacuolar damage to renal distal tubules, and this process was not apparently reversed or antagonized by BLDTC treatment to the extent observed in proximal tubules. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,JOHN L MCCLELLAN DEPT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP GALE, GR (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-02638] NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-5761 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 66 IS 10 BP 713 EP 718 DI 10.1007/BF01972622 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA KC852 UT WOS:A1992KC85200005 PM 1290404 ER PT J AU COHEN, DJ CLEM, MF LUTHER, M GENECOV, DG HAMEL, JD BEGIA, BC SANGALLI, M EVANS, K FLORES, J BUNEGIN, M GRAEBER, GM GROVER, FL AF COHEN, DJ CLEM, MF LUTHER, M GENECOV, DG HAMEL, JD BEGIA, BC SANGALLI, M EVANS, K FLORES, J BUNEGIN, M GRAEBER, GM GROVER, FL TI EFFECT OF SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS PULSATILE FLOW DURING LEFT, RIGHT, AND BIVENTRICULAR BYPASS SO ARTIFICIAL ORGANS LA English DT Article DE PULSATILE FLOW; VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE; MYOCARDIAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; R-WAVE SYNCHRONIZATION; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PIERCE-DONACHY VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE ID LEFT HEART BYPASS; VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE; CARDIOGENIC-SHOCK; PUMP; EXPERIENCE; SURVIVAL AB Ventricular assist devices augment flow from the left atrium to the aorta and/or from the right atrium to the pulmonary artery. Most devices are used in the asynchronous full-to-empty mode (asynchronous) but may also be used in a synchronous counterpulsation mode (synchronous). This study determines the optimal assist modes to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) and metabolism. Twelve pigs were instrumented with carotid artery and Baim coronary sinus catheters for determination of MVO2 and myocardial lactate production (LACT). Six were implanted with a Pierce-Donachy left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and 6 with both right and left ventricular assist devices (BIVAD). Two periods each of control, synchronous, and asynchronous bypass were instituted, the midanterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was ligated, and the sequence was repeated. After each period, MVO2 and LACT were determined and myocardial biopsy specimens were obtained for tissue, lactate, and ATP assay. Following LAD ligation, biopsy specimens were obtained from both the infarct and noninfarct zones of the heart. MVO2 decreased (p < 0.05) in the asynchronous BIVAD mode compared with control. MVO2 was unchanged in synchronous BIVAD or either LVAD mode. Tissue ATP and tissue lactate were unaffected by any mode of bypass. Only BIVAD in the asynchronous mode reduced MVO2. When ventricular assist devices are utilized to aid recovery of the natural heart, two devices should always be inserted to allow biventricular assist. Synchronous counterpulsation offers no advantage. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. W VIRGINIA UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. RP COHEN, DJ (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,HSHE SDC,CARDIOTHORAC SURG SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0160-564X J9 ARTIF ORGANS JI Artif. Organs PD DEC PY 1992 VL 16 IS 6 BP 614 EP 622 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA KD657 UT WOS:A1992KD65700012 PM 1482332 ER PT J AU KAHN, RS KNOTT, P GABRIEL, S DUMONT, K MASTROIANNI, L DAVIDSON, M AF KAHN, RS KNOTT, P GABRIEL, S DUMONT, K MASTROIANNI, L DAVIDSON, M TI EFFECT OF M-CHLOROPHENYLPIPERAZINE ON PLASMA HOMOVANILLIC-ACID CONCENTRATIONS IN HEALTHY-SUBJECTS SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL DOPAMINERGIC ACTIVITY; META-CHLOROPHENYLPIPERAZINE; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; NEURO-ENDOCRINE; HUMAN-BRAIN; HALOPERIDOL; DEBRISOQUIN; LEVEL; RAT; HVA AB In view of the abundant anatomical and functional interactions between serotonin and dopamine systems, this study examined the effect of the serotonin agonist, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) on plasma concentrations of the dopamine metabolite, homovanillic acid. Plasma prolactin levels, body temperature, and mCPP blood level were also measured. mCPP (0.35 mg/kg) and placebo were administered orally to 10 healthy men in a randomized double-blind design. Variables were measured for 210 min after administration of capsules. mCPP raised prolactin and temperature as compared to placebo, but did not affect plasma homovanillic acid concentrations. Results suggest that mCPP does not alter dopamine function. RP KAHN, RS (reprint author), BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE ROAD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH46436, R01 MH46957] NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD DEC 1 PY 1992 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1055 EP 1061 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(92)90068-B PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA KC872 UT WOS:A1992KC87200012 PM 1467386 ER PT J AU ISHIHARA, K ZILE, MR NAGATSU, M NAKANO, K TOMITA, M KANAZAWA, S CLAMP, L DEFREYTE, G CARABELLO, BA AF ISHIHARA, K ZILE, MR NAGATSU, M NAKANO, K TOMITA, M KANAZAWA, S CLAMP, L DEFREYTE, G CARABELLO, BA TI CORONARY BLOOD-FLOW AFTER THE REGRESSION OF PRESSURE-OVERLOAD LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CORONARY CIRCULATION; VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; PRESSURE OVERLOAD ID AORTIC-VALVE REPLACEMENT; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; HYPERTENSIVE RATS; STENOSIS; CIRCULATION; DOGS; HEARTS; ABNORMALITIES; DETERMINANTS; VASODILATION AB Abnormal coronary blood flow (CBF) in long-standing left ventricular (LV) pressure-overload hypertrophy has been associated with ischemia and LV dysfunction. Thus, goals of therapy in pressure overload are not only the relief of the overload itself but also regression in hypertrophy and subsequent improvement in CBF. However, little is known about CBF in humans or in large mammals after the relief of pressure overload, when the hypertrophy has regressed. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that, even 6 months after the relief or pressure overload in the dog, CBF would still be abnormal. Three groups of dogs were studied: 1) normal control dogs (NL group), 2) dogs with LV pressure-overload hypertrophy (LVH group), and 3) dogs that had developed LV pressure-overload hypertrophy but in whom the pressure overload was relieved 6 months before the final study (LVH Reg group). CBF was studied in conscious dogs by use of the radiolabeled microsphere technique at rest, during rapid atrial pacing, and during maximum coronary vasodilation produced by adenosine infusion. The ratio of LV weight (g) to body weight (kg) (LVBW) was 4.2 +/- 0.3 in the NL group, 7.1 +/- 0.6 in the LVH group, and 7.7 +/- 0.5 in the LVH Reg group before pressure-overload relief (p=NS, LVH versus LVH Reg). Six months after removal of the pressure overload, the LVBW in the LVH Reg group had fallen to 5.5 +/- 0.3 (p<0.05), but this LVBW was still greater than that in the NL group (p<0.05). During rapid atrial pacing, endocardial and epicardial CBF rose significantly in NL dogs. However, during rapid atrial pacing, endocardial CBF fell from 1.18 +/- 0.22 to 0.7 +/- 0.20 ml/min per gram in the LVH group (p<0.05) and did not rise in the LVH Reg group. During adenosine infusion, endocardial blood flow increased in NL dogs from 1.6.3 +/- 0.13 to 4.0 +/- 0.3 ml/min per gram and increased to a similar level in the LVH Reg group. Although CBF increased during adenosine infusion in the LVH group, the increase was less than that in the NL or LVH Reg group (p<0.05). Minimum coronary vascular resistance was similar in NL dogs (14 +/- 2 units) and LVH Reg dogs (18 +/- 3 units,p=NS) but was significantly elevated (32 +/- 10 units) in LVH dogs (p<0.05). We conclude that after significant but incomplete regression of pressure-overload hypertrophy, maximum CBF and minimum coronary vascular resistance return to normal. However, during rapid atrial pacing, significant abnormalities in CBF still exist. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES,CARDIAC RES INST,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7330 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1472 EP 1481 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA JZ072 UT WOS:A1992JZ07200020 PM 1423939 ER PT J AU BEARDEN, D ALLMAN, R SUNDARUM, V BURST, N BARTOLUCCI, A AF BEARDEN, D ALLMAN, R SUNDARUM, V BURST, N BARTOLUCCI, A TI AGE-RELATED VARIABILITY IN THE USE OF CARDIOVASCULAR PROCEDURES SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ALABAMA,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35233. BIRMINGHAM VAMC,BIRMINGHAM,AL. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP A810 EP A810 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KE141 UT WOS:A1992KE14100211 ER PT J AU GERACI, JM ASHTON, CM WRAY, NP WUN, CC WU, L BUSH, GW AF GERACI, JM ASHTON, CM WRAY, NP WUN, CC WU, L BUSH, GW TI COMPLICATIONS DURING HOSPITALIZATION FOR CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG-DISEASE, OR DIABETES-MELLITUS IN VETERANS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOUSTON VAMC,GEN MED SECT,HOUSTON,TX. HOUSTON VAMC,MSR&D FIELD PROGRAM,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP A810 EP A810 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KE141 UT WOS:A1992KE14100212 ER PT J AU GRANDALIANO, G BISWAS, P CHOUDHURY, GG BARNES, J WOODRUFF, K ABBOUD, H AF GRANDALIANO, G BISWAS, P CHOUDHURY, GG BARNES, J WOODRUFF, K ABBOUD, H TI PGE1 ANALOG MISOPROSTOL INHIBITS THROMBIN-INDUCED DNA-SYNTHESIS AND PDGF B-CHAIN GENE-EXPRESSION IN CULTURED HUMAN MESANGIAL CELLS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RI Grandaliano, Giuseppe/G-2963-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP A830 EP A830 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KE141 UT WOS:A1992KE14100319 ER PT J AU MULROW, CD GERETY, MB LAWRENCE, VA CORNELL, JE KANTEN, DN AF MULROW, CD GERETY, MB LAWRENCE, VA CORNELL, JE KANTEN, DN TI CROSS-SECTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DISEASE AND FUNCTIONAL STATUS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP A869 EP A869 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KE141 UT WOS:A1992KE14100522 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JW KERBER, C MULROW, CD GERETY, MB AGUILAR, C AF WILLIAMS, JW KERBER, C MULROW, CD GERETY, MB AGUILAR, C TI DIAGNOSING MILD DEPRESSION - OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MEDICAL OUTCOMES STUDY DEPRESSION SCREEN SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP A871 EP A871 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KE141 UT WOS:A1992KE14100535 ER PT J AU GRAYBILL, JR SHARKEYMATHIS, PK AF GRAYBILL, JR SHARKEYMATHIS, PK TI NEW ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review AB Prior to 1980, systemic mycoses and their management received very little attention in either the medical literature or the priorities of pharmaceutical companies. Amphotericin B and flucytosine were sufficiently effective and toxic mycoses were sufficiently uncommon so that there was little motivation to search for alternatives. More recently, increased cytotoxic drug use and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have been associated with dramatic increases of diseases such as disseminated candidiasis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, and histoplasmosis. This increase in turn has prompted a vigorous exploration of both old and new classes of antifungal drugs, and we are now living in exciting times for medical mycology. RP GRAYBILL, JR (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,INFECT DIS SERV,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 5 IS 6 BP 773 EP 780 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA KA228 UT WOS:A1992KA22800005 ER PT J AU GULLI, G FERRANNINI, E STERN, M HAFFNER, S DEFRONZO, RA AF GULLI, G FERRANNINI, E STERN, M HAFFNER, S DEFRONZO, RA TI THE METABOLIC PROFILE OF NIDDM IS FULLY ESTABLISHED IN GLUCOSE-TOLERANT OFFSPRING OF 2 MEXICAN-AMERICAN NIDDM PARENTS SO DIABETES LA English DT Review ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; INVIVO INSULIN ACTION; MUSCLE GLYCOGEN-SYNTHESIS; PIMA-INDIANS; FATTY-ACID; BETA-CELL; INDIRECT CALORIMETRY; FOREARM GLUCOSE; NATURAL-HISTORY; HIGH PREVALENCE AB NIDDM patients with overt fasting hyperglycemia are characterized by multiple defects involving both insulin secretion and insulin action. At this point of the natural history of NIDDM, however, it is difficult to establish which defects are primary and which are acquired secondary to insulinopenia and chronic hyperglycemia. To address this question, we have studied the glucose-tolerant offspring (probands) of two Mexican-American NIDDM parents. Such individuals are at high risk for developing NIDDM later in life. The probands are characterized by hyperinsulinamia in the fasting state and in response to both oral and intravenous glucose. Insulin-mediated glucose disposal (insulin clamp technique), measured at two physiological levels of hyperinsulinemia (approximately 240 and 450 pM [approximately 40 and 75 muU/ml]), was reduced by 43 and 33%, respectively. During both the low- and high-dose insulin clamp steps, impaired nonoxidative glucose disposal, which primarily represents glycogen synthesis, was the major defect responsible for the insulin resistance. During the lower dose insulin clamp step only, a small decrease in glucose oxidation was observed. No defect in suppression of HGP by insulin was demonstrable. The ability of insulin to inhibit lipid oxidation (measured by indirect calorimetry) and plasma FFA concentration was impaired at both levels of hyperinsulinemia. These results indicate that the glucose-tolerant offspring of two NIDDM parents are characterized by hyperinsulinemia and manifest all of the metabolic abnormalities that characterize the fully established diabetic state, including insulin resistance, a major impairment in nonoxidative glucose disposal, a quantitatively less important defect in glucose oxidation, and a diminished insulin-mediated suppression of lipid oxidation and plasma FFA concentration. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV DIABET,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV EPIDEMIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-01346]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-24092] NR 101 TC 239 Z9 242 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD DEC PY 1992 VL 41 IS 12 BP 1575 EP 1586 DI 10.2337/diabetes.41.12.1575 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KA593 UT WOS:A1992KA59300011 PM 1446799 ER PT J AU HASLOV, K FOMSGAARD, A TAKAYAMA, K FOMSGAARD, JS IBSEN, P FAUNTLEROY, MB STASHAK, PW TAYLOR, CE BAKER, PJ AF HASLOV, K FOMSGAARD, A TAKAYAMA, K FOMSGAARD, JS IBSEN, P FAUNTLEROY, MB STASHAK, PW TAYLOR, CE BAKER, PJ TI IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE EFFECTS INDUCED BY THE POLYSACCHARIDE MOIETY OF SOME BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES SO IMMUNOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID III PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE; T-CELL ACTIVITY; MONOPHOSPHORYL LIPID-A; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS ENDOTOXIN; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; COMPARATIVE IMMUNOCHEMISTRY; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; B-CELLS; SUPPRESSOR AB The immunomodulatory properties of several lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Branhamella catarrhalis, and Bordetella pertussis were evaluated for their capacity to influence the magnitude of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III), which is known to be regulated by suppressor and amplifier T cells (Ts and Ta, respectively). The administration of LPS, two days after immunization resulted in a significant increase in the.antibody response. Such enhancement may be due mainly to the ability of the lipid A moiety of LPS to abolish the negative effects of activated Ts, thereby enabling Ta function to be more fully expressed; however, B cell mitogenicity of the LPS molecule also may be involved. By contrast, treatment with LPS at the time of immunization with SSS-III induces significant suppression of the SSS-III-specific antibody response; such suppression is not induced by LPS or lipid A derived from Escherichia coli and Salmonella minnesota, and is independent of the capacity of LPS to activate B cells polyclonally, an activity by attributed to the lipid A fraction of LPS. Studies conducted with the LPS of P. aeruginosa indicated that the suppression induced is T cell dependent and mediated by the polysaccharide (PS) fraction of LPS; it appears to be due - at least in part - to the capacity of PS to expand or increase the size of the precursor pool of Ts, activated in response to SSS-III. The significance of these findings to the pathogenesis of certain gram-negative infections is discussed. C1 NIAID,IMMUNOGENET LAB,TWINBROOK II RES FACIL,12441 PARKLAWN DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. STATENS SERUM INST,DEPT VACCINE,DK-2300 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RIGSHOSP,DEPT CLIN MICROBIOL,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MYCOBACTERIOL LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 58 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY SN 0171-2985 J9 IMMUNOBIOLOGY JI Immunobiology PD DEC PY 1992 VL 186 IS 5 BP 378 EP 393 PG 16 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KE556 UT WOS:A1992KE55600004 PM 1286878 ER PT J AU STAUB, O VERREY, F KLEYMAN, TR BENOS, DJ ROSSIER, BC KRAEHENBUHL, JP AF STAUB, O VERREY, F KLEYMAN, TR BENOS, DJ ROSSIER, BC KRAEHENBUHL, JP TI PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF AN APICAL PROTEIN FROM XENOPUS-LAEVIS THAT PARTICIPATES IN AMILORIDE-SENSITIVE SODIUM-CHANNEL ACTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NA+ CHANNEL; BINDING-PROTEIN; MESSENGER-RNA; FUNCTIONAL RECONSTITUTION; EXPRESSION CLONING; OOCYTES; CDNA; EPITHELIUM; MEMBRANE; PURIFICATION AB High resistance epithelia express on their apical side an amiloride-sensitive sodium channel that controls sodium reabsorption. A cDNA was found to encode a 1,420-amino acid long polypeptide with no signal sequence, a putative transmembrane segment, and three predicted amphipathic alpha helices. A corresponding 5.2-kb mRNA was detected in Xenopus laevis kidney, intestine, and oocytes, with weak expression in stomach and eyes. An antibody directed against a fusion protein containing a COOH-terminus segment of the protein and an antiidiotypic antibody known to recognize the amiloride binding site of the epithelial sodium channel (Kleyman, T. R., J.-P. Kraehenbuhl, and S. A. Ernst. 1991. J. Biol. Chem. 266:3907-3915) immunoprecipitated a similar protein complex from [S-35]methionine-labeled and from apically radioiodinated Xenopus laevis kidney-derived A6 cells. A single approximately 130-kD protein was recovered from samples reduced with DTT. The antibody also cross-reacted by ELISA with the putative amiloride-sensitive sodium channel isolated from A6 cells (Benos, D. J., G. Saccomani, and S. Sariban-Sohraby. 1987. J. Biol. Chem. 262:10613-10618). Although the protein is translated, cRNA injected into oocytes did not reconstitute amiloride-sensitive sodium transport, while antisense RNA or antisense oligodeoxynucleotides specific for two distinct sequences of the cloned cDNA inhibited amiloride-sensitive sodium current induced by injection of A6 cell mRNA. We propose that the cDNA encodes an apical plasma membrane protein that plays a role in the functional expression of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel. It may represent a subunit of the Xenopus laevis sodium channel or a regulatory protein essential for sodium channel function. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV LAUSANNE, INST PHARMACOL & TOXICOL, CH-1005 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND. UNIV PENN, DEPT MED, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT PHYSIOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV LAUSANNE, INST BIOCHEM, CH-1066 EPALINGES, SWITZERLAND. UNIV ALABAMA, DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. RP STAUB, O (reprint author), SWISS INST EXPTL CANC RES, CH-1066 EPALINGES, SWITZERLAND. NR 45 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1497 EP 1506 DI 10.1083/jcb.119.6.1497 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA KD077 UT WOS:A1992KD07700011 PM 1334959 ER PT J AU HENDERSON, GI HU, ZQ JOHNSON, RF PEREZ, AB YANG, YQ SCHENKER, S AF HENDERSON, GI HU, ZQ JOHNSON, RF PEREZ, AB YANG, YQ SCHENKER, S TI ACYCLOVIR TRANSPORT BY THE HUMAN PLACENTA SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY; ANTIPYRINE; GLUCOSE; ETHANOL; HERPES AB Genital Herpes simplex infection is noted increasingly in women of childbearing age and in neonates. Concern about transmission of herpes to the newborn has led to cesarean delivery of many pregnant women with a history of genital herpes. Severe herpes hepatitis has also been noted in pregnancy. Acyclovir is the drug of choice for this infectious organism. Because there are no data on the mechanism(s) of transport of this drug by the human placenta, this study addressed this issue. We used normal term human placentas. For study of overall placental transport of acyclovir, we used the single, isolated perfused cotyledon technique. For assessment of initial acyclovir uptake, we used microvesicles prepared from the maternal-facing syncytiotrophoblast. Overall transfer of acyclovir at therapeutic concentrations from maternal to fetal compartment was at a rate of about 30% that of a freely diffusible marker, antipyrine. The overall transport was not saturable, was not inhibited by 50-fold adenine concentration, and did not proceed against a concentration gradient. There was no placental metabolism of the drug. Fetal-to-maternal transfer of acyclovir was at a similar rate. In maternal-facing microvesicles net uptake of acyclovir was not saturable, but was temperature dependent and was inhibited by high concentrations of adenine and ganciclovir, but not by nucleosides (adenosine, cytidine, cytosine). These data are most consistent with a carrier-dependent, nucleobase-type uptake of the drug, but passive overall net transfer of acyclovir, dependent on its solubility characteristics. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP HENDERSON, GI (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL & NUTR,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD26707] NR 19 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 120 IS 6 BP 885 EP 892 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA KA909 UT WOS:A1992KA90900014 PM 1453110 ER PT J AU HANDELSMAN, L ARONSON, M MAURER, G WIENER, J JACOBSON, J BERNSTEIN, D NESS, R HERMAN, S LOSONCZY, M SONG, IS HOLLOWAY, K HORVATH, T DONNELLY, N HIRSCHOWITZ, J ROWAN, AJ AF HANDELSMAN, L ARONSON, M MAURER, G WIENER, J JACOBSON, J BERNSTEIN, D NESS, R HERMAN, S LOSONCZY, M SONG, IS HOLLOWAY, K HORVATH, T DONNELLY, N HIRSCHOWITZ, J ROWAN, AJ TI NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HIV-1 DEMENTIA IN DRUG-USERS SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS; POLYDRUG USERS; AIDS; COMPLEX; ABNORMALITIES; INFECTION; DEFICITS AB The cognitive and motor deficits associated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection have been studied using neurological examination and neuropsychological tests. However, drug users with HIV-1 infection generally have been excluded from such studies. Forty-four well-characterized drug users stratified by Centers for Disease Control staging were administered a standardized neurological examination and a battery of neuropsychological tests under single-blind conditions designed to minimize the acute effects of psychoactive substances. The results of the blind neurological examination were consistent with the previously ascertained clinical staging of HIV-1 infection. The pattern of neuropsychological deficits across HIV-1 states was similar to those found in cohorts of homosexual men. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,BRONX,NY 10468. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SERV,BRONX,NY 10468. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP HANDELSMAN, L (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD WIN PY 1992 VL 4 IS 1 BP 21 EP 28 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA HC253 UT WOS:A1992HC25300004 PM 1627958 ER PT J AU HANSEN, TE WEIGEL, RM BROWN, WL HOFFMAN, WF CASEY, DE AF HANSEN, TE WEIGEL, RM BROWN, WL HOFFMAN, WF CASEY, DE TI A LONGITUDINAL-STUDY OF CORRELATIONS AMONG TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA, DRUG-INDUCED PARKINSONISM, AND PSYCHOSIS SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-METHODS; RABBIT SYNDROME; COEXISTENCE; THERAPY; CLASSIFICATION; PHARMACOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE; SYMPTOMS; EFFICACY AB Tardive dyskinesia (TD) and drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) have been hypothesized to reflect opposing states of dopamine (DA) function. In this longitudinal study, 57 psychotic inpatients were rated repeatedly for TD, DIP, and psychosis while receiving neuroleptic medication. Cross-sectional correlations among TD, DIP, and psychosis were weak or nonexistent. Factor and cluster analyses found that 13 patients (23%) were classified into groups characterized by the expected negative correlations. Thus, only partial support was found for the hypothesis that TD and DIP represent opposing states of DA function. RP HANSEN, TE (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PSYCHIAT SERV,116A-P,POB 1034,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH36657] NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD WIN PY 1992 VL 4 IS 1 BP 29 EP 35 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA HC253 UT WOS:A1992HC25300005 PM 1352714 ER PT J AU SIEVER, LJ TRESTMAN, RL SILVERMAN, JM AF SIEVER, LJ TRESTMAN, RL SILVERMAN, JM TI VALIDATION OF PERSONALITY-DISORDER ASSESSMENT BY BIOLOGIC AND FAMILY STUDIES SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON REASSESSING PERSONALITY DISORDERS CONSTRUCTS CY MAR, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP NIMH ID PLASMA HOMOVANILLIC-ACID; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; AMINE METABOLITES; EYE TRACKING; SCHIZOTYPAL; AGGRESSION; TRANSMISSION; SPECIFICITY; DEPRESSION; SEROTONIN C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP SIEVER, LJ (reprint author), BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT 116A,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 SN 0885-579X J9 J PERS DISORD JI J. Pers. Disord. PD WIN PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 301 EP 312 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KG280 UT WOS:A1992KG28000003 ER PT J AU MULROW, CD TULEY, MR AGUILAR, C AF MULROW, CD TULEY, MR AGUILAR, C TI SUSTAINED BENEFITS OF HEARING-AIDS SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HEARING AIDS; ELDERLY; EFFICACY; HEARING LOSS ID DEPRESSION; VALIDATION; SCALE AB This study was designed to evaluate long-term benefits of hearing aids in elderly individuals with hearing loss. A primary care cohort of 192 elderly, hearing-impaired veterans (mean age 72 +/- 6, 97% White, 94% retired) were assessed at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 months after hearing aid fitting. Drop-out rates at 4, 8, and 12 months were 5%, 13%, and 16%, respectively. Outcome assessments included several quality-of-life scales: Hearing Handicap Inventory in the Elderly (HHIE), Quantified Denver Scale of Communication Function (QDS), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). All quality-of-life areas improved significantly from baseline to 4-month post-hearing aid fittings (p < 0.05). Social and emotional (HHIE), communication (QDS), and depression (GDS) benefits were sustained at 8 and 12 months, whereas cognitive changes (SPMSQ) reverted to baseline at 12 months. We conclude that hearing aids provide sustained benefits for at least a year in these elderly individuals with hearing impairment. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP MULROW, CD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 26 TC 88 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE RD, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 SN 0022-4685 J9 J SPEECH HEAR RES JI J. Speech Hear. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1402 EP 1405 PG 4 WC Language & Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA KR873 UT WOS:A1992KR87300024 PM 1494282 ER PT J AU CANNON, JD ZILE, MR CRAWFORD, FA CARABELLO, BA AF CANNON, JD ZILE, MR CRAWFORD, FA CARABELLO, BA TI AORTIC-VALVE RESISTANCE AS AN ADJUNCT TO THE GORLIN FORMULA IN ASSESSING THE SEVERITY OF AORTIC-STENOSIS IN SYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONGESTIVE HEART-FAILURE; REPLACEMENT; ADULTS; AREA AB Objectives. This study was conducted to determine the utility of aortic valve resistance in assessing the severity of aortic stenosis. Background. Assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis has traditionally employed hemodynamic data and the Gorlin formula to calculate the area of the aortic valve. Recently, flow dependence of the Gorlin formula has been identified and the accuracy of the formula challenged. Aortic valve resistance, the quotient of gradient and cardiac output, has been advanced as potentially useful in assessing the severity of valve stenosis. Methods. We studied 48 symptomatic patients with an initial diagnosis of severe aortic stenosis based on a calculated aortic valve area of less-than-or-equal-to 0.8 cm2 by the Gorlin formula. Forty of these patients (Group I) were confirmed to have severe aortic stenosis, whereas 8 (Group II) were subsequently proved not to have severe aortic stenosis. The 18 patients in Group I with a valve area of 0.6 to 0.8 cm2 (Group IA) were directly compared with Group II patients who had a similar valve area. Results. Aortic valve area was nearly identical in Group IA and Group II patients (0.69 +/- 0.05 and 0.71 +/- 0.06 cm2, respectively, p = NS). However, aortic valve resistance was much less in Group II patients (212 +/- 6 vs. 316 +/- 11 dynes.s.cm-5, p < 0.0001). In this small cohort, aortic valve resistance achieved nearly complete separation of patients in Groups IA and II. Conclusions. In some patients with relatively mild aortic stenosis, the calculated valve area may indicate that the stenosis is severe. The use of aortic valve resistance in conjunction with the Gorlin formula helps separate patients with truly severe aortic stenosis from those with milder disease. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV CARDIOL,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV CARDIOTHORAC SURG,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. NR 21 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1517 EP 1523 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KB859 UT WOS:A1992KB85900011 PM 1452925 ER PT J AU TANAKA, R SPINALE, FG CRAWFORD, FA ZILE, MR AF TANAKA, R SPINALE, FG CRAWFORD, FA ZILE, MR TI EFFECT OF CHRONIC SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA ON LEFT-VENTRICULAR FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE IN NEWBORN PIGS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONGESTIVE HEART-FAILURE; CONGENITAL AORTIC-STENOSIS; INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY; DIASTOLIC FUNCTION; WALL STRESS; HEMODYNAMIC DETERMINANTS; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; DEVELOPMENTAL-CHANGES; EJECTION PERFORMANCE; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY AB Objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of supraventricular pacing tachycardia on left ventricular function and myocardial structure in newborn, immature pigs and to determine whether immature pigs respond to supraventricular tachycardia differently from adults. Background. Previous studies have shown that supraventricular tachycardia causes dilated cardiomyopathy in adult animals; however, in humans, supraventricular tachycardia-induced congestive heart failure occurs most frequently in children and newborns. Because some clinical diseases may cause myocardial failure in adults but rarely do so in children, it was hypothesized that the effects of supraventricular tachycardia in newborns may be different from those in adults. Methods. In two groups of newborn swine (3 weeks of age), left ventricular volume, mass and function were assessed with simultaneous echocardiography and cardiac catheterization and myocardial structure was examined with light and electron microscopy. Six piglets underwent 3 weeks of left atrial pacing tachycardia (240 beats/min) and six littermates served as a control group. Both groups were followed up for 3 weeks. Results. At the end of the protocol, left ventricular dimensions increased in the piglets with supraventricular tachycardia compared with values in the control group, but there were no differences in left ventricular mass. Systolic function, assessed by fractional shortening, peak ejection rate and maximal rate of pressure development, was decreased in the group with supraventricular tachycardia. The fractional shortening-end-systolic stress relation in the piglets with supraventricular tachycardia decreased below normal values. Left ventricular diastolic function assessed by the relaxation time constant was prolonged, the peak filling rate was decreased and left ventricular stiffness was increased in the supraventricular tachycardia group. The morphologic data demonstrated that supraventricular tachycardia did not change total myocyte volume but did decrease total myofibrillar volume. Conclusions. Supraventricular tachycardia caused dilated cardiomyopathy in immature pigs. These changes in left ventricular function were associated with a decrease in cellular contractile proteins. Thus, the effects of supraventricular tachycardia on left ventricular function and structure in immature animals were comparable to previous findings in mature animals. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT SURG,DIV CARDIOTHORAC,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,CHARLESTON,SC. GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,CHARLESTON,SC. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R29-HL45024] NR 50 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1650 EP 1660 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KB859 UT WOS:A1992KB85900028 PM 1452940 ER PT J AU HERBERT, V AF HERBERT, V TI EVERYONE SHOULD BE TESTED FOR IRON DISORDERS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID DIETARY IRON; IDIOPATHIC HEMOCHROMATOSIS; DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; EXTRINSIC TAG; VITAMIN-C; ABSORPTION; BIOAVAILABILITY; SUPEROXIDE; DIAGNOSIS; OVERLOAD AB Routinely measuring iron status is necessary because about 6% of Americans have negative iron balance, about 10% have a gene for positive balance, and about 1% have iron overload. Deviations from normal iron status are as follows (a) Stage I and II negative iron balance, ie, iron depletion: In these stages iron stores are low and there is no dysfunction. In stage I negative iron balance, reduced iron absorption produces moderately depleted iron stores. Stage II negative iron balance is characterized by severely depleted iron stores. More than half of all cases of negative iron balance fall into these two stages. When persons in these stages are treated with iron they never develop dysfunction or disease. (b) Stage III and IV negative iron balance, ie, iron deficiency: Iron deficiency is characterized by inadequate body iron for normal function, producing dysfunction and disease. In stage III negative iron balance, dysfunction is not accompanied by anemia; anemia develops in stage IV negative iron balance. (c) Stage I and II positive iron balance: Stage I positive balance usually lasts for several years with no dysfunction. Supplements of iron and/or vitamin C promote progression on to dysfunction or disease. Iron removal prevents progression to disease. Iron overload develops in stage II positive iron balance after years of iron overload has caused progressive damage to tissues and organs. Again, iron removal stops disease progression. There are a variety of indicators of iron status. Serum ferritin is in equilibrium with body-iron stores. Barring inflammation, each 1 ng (0.0179 nmol) ferritin per mL of serum indicates approximately 10 mg (0.179 mmol) of body iron stores. Very early (stage I) positive iron balance may best be recognized by measuring saturation of iron-binding capacity Conversely, measurement of serum ferritin may best reveal early (stage I and II) negative iron balance, although recent work suggests that serum total iron-binding capacity may be as good. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HEMATOL & NUTR LAB,BRONX,NY 10468. RP HERBERT, V (reprint author), CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,COMM STRENGTHEN NUTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029, USA. NR 92 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 92 IS 12 BP 1502 EP 1509 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA KB772 UT WOS:A1992KB77200012 PM 1308123 ER PT J AU ROYALL, DR MAHURIN, RK GRAY, KF AF ROYALL, DR MAHURIN, RK GRAY, KF TI BEDSIDE ASSESSMENT OF EXECUTIVE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT - THE EXECUTIVE INTERVIEW SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL LOBES; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SENILE DEMENTIA; ALZHEIMERS TYPE; HUMAN AUTONOMY; BEHAVIOR; SCHIZOPHRENIA AB Objective: This study is a pilot validation of the Executive Interview (EXIT), a novel instrument designed to assess executive cognitive function (ECF) at the bedside. Design: Inter-rater reliability testing and validation using inter-group comparisons across levels of care and measures of cognition and behavior. Participants: Forty elderly subjects randomly selected across four levels of care. Setting: Settings ranged from independent living apartments to designated Alzheimer's Special Care units in a single 537-bed retirement community. Measurements: The EXIT: a 10-minute, 25-item interview scored from 0-50 (higher scores = greater executive dyscontrol) was administered by a physician. Subjects were also administered the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and traditional tests of "frontal" executive function by a neuropsychologist, and the Nursing Home Behavior Problem Scale (NHBPS) by Licensed Vocational Nurses. Results: Interrater reliability was high (r = .90). EXIT scores correlated well with other measures of ECF. The interview discriminated among residents at each level of care. In contrast, the MMSE did not discriminate apartment-dwelling from residential care residents, or residential care from nursing home residents. The EXIT was highly correlated with disruptive behaviors as measured by the NHBPS (r = .79). Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that the EXIT is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of executive impairment at the bedside. It correlates well with level of care and problem behavior. It discriminates residents at earlier stages of cognitive impairment than the MMSE. C1 GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP ROYALL, DR (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PSYCHIAT, 7703 FLOYD CURL DR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. NR 40 TC 390 Z9 394 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 12 BP 1221 EP 1226 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA KA809 UT WOS:A1992KA80900006 PM 1447438 ER PT J AU GERETY, MB WINOGRAD, CH AVERYT, E DENINO, LA AF GERETY, MB WINOGRAD, CH AVERYT, E DENINO, LA TI GERIATRIC-MEDICINE - HOW WE WILL FARE WITH THE MEDICARE FEE SCHEDULE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RELATIVE VALUE SCALE; SERVICES; WORK C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,SCH PUBL HLTH,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. VET ADM MED CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP GERETY, MB (reprint author), GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR,7400 METON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [U01AG09117-01] NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 12 BP 1272 EP 1280 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA KA809 UT WOS:A1992KA80900015 PM 1447447 ER PT J AU LABERLAIRD, K SMITH, A SWINDLE, MM COLWELL, J AF LABERLAIRD, K SMITH, A SWINDLE, MM COLWELL, J TI EFFECTS OF ISOFLURANE ANESTHESIA ON GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE AND INSULIN-SECRETION IN YUCATAN MINIPIGS SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SWINE AB Isoflurane's effect on intravenous glucose tolerance and insulin secretion was studied in six Yucatan minipigs. Unanesthetized animals, with previously placed indwelling venous catheters, were tested while resting comfortably in slings. The same animals were then retested during isoflurane anesthesia. Serum glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at predetermined times in response to an intravenous bolus of dextrose. The glucose disappearance rate (k), baseline plasma insulin concentration, the area under the insulin response curve, and the insulinogenic index were significantly lower in the anesthetized animals than in controls. The results of this study indicate that anesthesia with isoflurane significantly alters the glucose/insulin response to an intravenous glucose tolerance test and, therefore, is unsuitable for studies when glucose tolerance is to be assessed. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP LABERLAIRD, K (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT COMPARAT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 42 IS 6 BP 579 EP 581 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA KE139 UT WOS:A1992KE13900009 PM 1479810 ER PT J AU KOVACHICH, GB ARONSON, CE BRUNSWICK, DJ AF KOVACHICH, GB ARONSON, CE BRUNSWICK, DJ TI EFFECT OF REPEATED ADMINISTRATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS ON SEROTONIN UPTAKE SITES IN LIMBIC AND NEOCORTICAL STRUCTURES OF RAT-BRAIN DETERMINED BY QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ANTIDEPRESSANTS; 5-HT UPTAKE SITES; LIMBIC SYSTEM ID H-3 PAROXETINE BINDING; LOW-AFFINITY BINDING; LONG-TERM TREATMENT; RECOGNITION SITES; IMIPRAMINE BINDING; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; IMIPRAMINE BINDING; NOREPINEPHRINE UPTAKE; FILM AUTORADIOGRAPHY; CORTICAL MEMBRANES AB The binding of H-3-cyanoimipramine, a selective radioligand for the serotonin (5-HT) transporter, was measured by quantitative autoradiography on sections of rat brain to determine if 5-HT uptake sites are regulated by repeated administration of antidepressants. The drugs studied included selective inhibitors of the uptake of 5-HT (citalopram, sertraline) or norepinephrine (protriptyline). Also, effects of inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (MAO) that inhibit both type A and type B MAO (phenelzine), or just type B MAO (deprenyl), were investigated. In addition, the atypical antidepressant mianserin, which has antagonist properties at both alpha2 adrenoceptors and 5-HT2 receptors, was studied. A total of 19 limbic areas and 4 regions of the parietal cortex were quantitated. The binding of H-3-cyanoimipramine was increased (14% to 31%) by phenelzine and deprenyl in a total of 3 brain areas and decreased (15% to 21%) by sertraline in 4 brain areas. Citalopram, protriptyline, and mianserin produced no statistically significant effect in any brain region examined. The results indicate that different types of antidepressants do not exert consistent or substantial regulatory effect on the density of uptake sites for 5-HT in the limbic system or parietal cortex. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH VET MED,PHARMACOL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH VET MED,TOXICOL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP KOVACHICH, GB (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL UNIT 151E,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05137]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH29094] NR 62 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD DEC PY 1992 VL 7 IS 4 BP 317 EP 324 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA JZ786 UT WOS:A1992JZ78600007 PM 1476595 ER PT J AU HALE, RL RANDALL, CL BECKER, HC TURNER, KP AF HALE, RL RANDALL, CL BECKER, HC TURNER, KP TI ASPIRIN PRETREATMENT REDUCES ETHANOL WITHDRAWAL SEVERITY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF BINGE DRINKING SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ETHANOL WITHDRAWAL; PROSTAGLANDINS ID ESSENTIAL FATTY-ACIDS; INDUCED SLEEP TIME; PROSTAGLANDIN METABOLISM; INHIBITORS ANTAGONIZE; MOTOR IMPAIRMENT; INDOMETHACIN; MICE; ALCOHOLISM; HYPNOSIS; HANGOVER AB Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and indomethacin, which inhibit prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, have a pronounced effect on a broad range of ethanol (EtOH) actions. Given this, it is somewhat surprising that NSAID treatment has not been found to alter major signs of ethanol withdrawal. To date, the only effect found has been indirect, that is, NSAID treatment reduces the efficacy of PG precursor administration in the treatment of ethanol withdrawal via the inhibition of PG formation. However, in those studies reporting negative results NSAID administration was delayed until EtOH withdrawal. Studies demonstrating NSAID-related attenuation of other actions of EtOH have typically employed a pretreatment paradigm in which NSAIDs are administered prior to, not after, ethanol exposure. Thus, it may be that the point in the ethanol exposure/withdrawal episode at which NSAIDs are administered could be crucial in determining their effects of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome. To address this issue, we employed a multiple-exposure "binge drinking" model. On each of 6 treatment days, male BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously with either acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 150 mg/kg) or the buffer vehicle, followed 1 h later by either ethanol (4.0 g/kg) or saline (0.9%) by gavage. Ethanol withdrawal severity, as measured by handling-induced convulsions, was determined 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h after EtOH gavage. ASA pretreatment was found to significantly reduce handling-induced convulsions in ethanol-intubated animals. In fact, the attenuation was of such a magnitude that the ASA-pretreated ethanol group did not significantly differ in withdrawal severity from non-ethanol-exposed controls. This effect was not likely due to ASA-related alterations in ethanol pharmacokinetics. These findings have relevance for the understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying ethanol dependence, as well as the potential role of PGs in this phenomenon. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, CHARLESTON, SC 29403 USA. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29403 USA. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1169 EP 1173 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90499-6 PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JZ943 UT WOS:A1992JZ94300030 PM 1475301 ER PT J AU GALE, GR SMITH, AB JONES, MM SINGH, PK AF GALE, GR SMITH, AB JONES, MM SINGH, PK TI EVIDENCE OF ACTIVE-TRANSPORT OF CADMIUM COMPLEXING DITHIOCARBAMATES INTO RENAL AND HEPATIC CELLS INVIVO SO PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; ORGAN DISTRIBUTION; CHELATING-AGENTS; EXCRETION; MOBILIZATION; DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE; ANTAGONISTS; DEPOSITS; RATS; MICE AB A study was made of the effects of certain inhibitors of transport systems on the actions of four cadmium (Cd) complexing N,N-disubstituted dithiocarbamates (DTCs) in mobilizing murine renal and hepatic Cd in vivo. Probenecid, the prototypical antagonist of organic anion transport in the kidney, when given 1 hr prior to each DTC, sharply suppressed the DTC-induced reduction of renal Cd but was virtually without effect on mobilization of Cd from liver. Sulfinpyrazone, which blocks tubular reabsorption of uric acid and also inhibits transport of a variety of organic acids, inhibited markedly the mobilization of both renal and hepatic Cd by DTCs. Phlorizin, an inhibitor of tubular sugar reabsorption, did not affect the Cd mobilizing actions of DTCs in any consistent fashion. We propose that the high degree of selectivity of DTCs in mobilizing renal and hepatic Cd is dependent, at least in part, upon active transport of DTCs into these tissues via the organic anion transport systems. This report presents the first evidence that compounds of the (R)2NCSS- class may gain access to intracellular space by an active, carrier-mediated process. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP GALE, GR (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-02638] NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0901-9928 J9 PHARMACOL TOXICOL JI Pharmacol. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 71 IS 6 BP 452 EP 456 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KE063 UT WOS:A1992KE06300008 PM 1480554 ER PT J AU SEVICK, RJ KANDA, F MINTOROVITCH, J ARIEFF, AI KUCHARCZYK, J TSURUDA, JS NORMAN, D MOSELEY, ME AF SEVICK, RJ KANDA, F MINTOROVITCH, J ARIEFF, AI KUCHARCZYK, J TSURUDA, JS NORMAN, D MOSELEY, ME TI CYTOTOXIC BRAIN EDEMA - ASSESSMENT WITH DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED MR IMAGING SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BRAIN, EDEMA; BRAIN, MR; MAGNETIC RESONANCE (MR), DIFFUSION STUDY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE (MR), EXPERIMENTAL; MAGNETIC RESONANCE (MR), PULSE SEQUENCES; MAGNETIC RESONANCE (MR), TECHNOLOGY ID CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; T2-WEIGHTED MRI; WATER; HYPONATREMIA; VASOPRESSIN; PERFUSION; CATS; RATS; PERMEABILITY; TRANSPORT AB To determine whether cytotoxic brain edema is associated with a decrease in diffusion, it was induced in rats, in the absence of ischemia, with an established model of acute hyponatremic encephalopathy. Cytotoxic brain edema secondary to acute hyponatremia was induced with intraperitoneal injections of 2.5% dextrose in water and subcutaneous injection of arginine-vasopressin. Coronal spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained with and without strong diffusion-sensitizing gradients before and after induction of acute hyponatremia. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was measured at two coronal section locations. In hyponatremic rats, the brain ADC was significantly reduced (P = .0153 and .0001) and was positively correlated with increased total brain water content (P = .0011). Plots of ADC versus total brain water showed a statistically significant inverse linear relationship between ADC and increasing brain water at the anterior coronal section location. The results indicate that the ADC may be a sensitive indicator of cytotoxic brain edema and thus may enable quantitative evaluation of such edema with diffusion-weighted MR imaging. C1 SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT RADIOL,NEURORADIOL SECT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP SEVICK, RJ (reprint author), FOOTHILLS PROV GEN HOSP,MRI CTR,DEPT RADIOL SCI & DIAGNOST,1403 29TH ST NW,CALGARY T2N 2T9,ALBERTA,CANADA. NR 21 TC 195 Z9 209 U1 1 U2 4 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD DEC PY 1992 VL 185 IS 3 BP 687 EP 690 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JZ347 UT WOS:A1992JZ34700016 PM 1438745 ER PT J AU GLYNN, SM RANDOLPH, ET ETH, S PAZ, GG LEONG, GB SHANER, AL VANVORT, W AF GLYNN, SM RANDOLPH, ET ETH, S PAZ, GG LEONG, GB SHANER, AL VANVORT, W TI SCHIZOPHRENIC SYMPTOMS, WORK ADJUSTMENT, AND BEHAVIORAL FAMILY-THERAPY SO REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; MAINTENANCE CHEMOTHERAPY; COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT; SOCIAL-INTERVENTION; INTERNATIONAL-PILOT; AFTERCARE TREATMENT; MENTALLY-ILL; FOLLOW-UP; PREVENTION; MORBIDITY AB We investigated work adjustment among 41 recently exacerbated patients with schizophrenia who were randomly assigned to receive either customary care alone or behavioral family therapy (BFT) and customary care. At baseline, most patients were unemployed and evidenced poor work adjustment. Negative schizophrenic symptoms were more strongly associated with current work dysfunction than were indices of other psychopathology. At one year, significantly fewer patients participating in BFT had evidenced psychotic exacerbations. However, vocational adjustment in both groups was still poor, with few benefits of BFT on work functioning noted. RP GLYNN, SM (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR B151J,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 536 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10010-3955 SN 0090-5550 J9 REHABIL PSYCHOL JI Rehabil. Psychol. PD WIN PY 1992 VL 37 IS 4 BP 323 EP 338 DI 10.1037//0090-5550.37.4.323 PG 16 WC Psychology, Clinical; Rehabilitation SC Psychology; Rehabilitation GA KL228 UT WOS:A1992KL22800006 ER PT J AU GLAZER, WM FRIEDHOFF, LT MARDER, SR BROWN, WA AF GLAZER, WM FRIEDHOFF, LT MARDER, SR BROWN, WA TI THE DETERMINATION OF THE STEADY-STATE PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILE OF FLUPHENAZINE DECANOATE BY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY DETECTION SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FLUPHENAZINE DECANOATE; INJECTION VOLUME; PHARMACOKINETIC; (SCHIZOPHRENIA) ID SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; PLASMA-LEVELS; NEUROLEPTICS AB This study uses the highly sensitive method of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to compare the basic steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters of two fluphenazine decanoate formulations. Sixteen stable outpatients participated in a two-way crossover design study of the bioavailability of a new formulation of FPZ Dec, i.e., 10 mg/ml, to the standard 25 mg/ml formulation. When compared to a 1 ml injection of the standard formulation (25 mg/ml) over a two-week, steady-state period, we found bioequivalence as evidenced by similar mean areas under the curve (hrs x ng/ml). We did find that the injection volume of the same dose (2.5 ml of a 10 mg/ml formulation) results in a statistically significantly higher maximum serum level of parent fluphenazine. A tendency toward faster time to peak level was observed with the 10 mg/ml formulation but the difference was not statistically significant. Both of these differences are considered too small to be clinically significant. In a subgroup of 10 patients, pre-injection serum fluphenazine levels correlated significantly (Pearson r=0.78, p<0.05) with serum prolactin levels. C1 ESAI AMER GLENPOINTE CTR E, TEANECK, NJ USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR, BRENTWOOD DIV, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PROVIDENCE, RI USA. RP GLAZER, WM (reprint author), YALE UNIV, SCH MED,CONNECTICUT MENTAL HLTH CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT, TD CLIN, 34 PK ST, NEW HAVEN, CT 06519 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH30929] NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 8 IS 2 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1016/0920-9964(92)90026-2 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KC112 UT WOS:A1992KC11200003 PM 1457388 ER PT J AU WALKER, EM STONE, A MILLIGAN, LB GALE, GR ATKINS, LM SMITH, AB JONES, MM SINGH, PK BASINGER, MA AF WALKER, EM STONE, A MILLIGAN, LB GALE, GR ATKINS, LM SMITH, AB JONES, MM SINGH, PK BASINGER, MA TI MOBILIZATION OF LEAD IN MICE BY ADMINISTRATION OF MONOALKYL ESTERS OF MESO-2,3-DIMERCAPTOSUCCINIC ACID SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LEAD; MESO-2,3-DIMERCAPTOSUCCINIC ACID (DMSA); DMSA MONOESTERS; KIDNEY; BRAIN ID 2,3-DIMERCAPTOSUCCINIC ACID; DIMERCAPTOSUCCINIC ACID; INTOXICATION; CHILDREN; CADMIUM; AGENT AB The following six monoalkyl esters of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) were synthesized and evaluated for relative activities in mobilizing lead from kidneys and brains of lead-bearing mice: n-propyl (Mn-PDMS), i-propyl (Mi-PDMS), n-butyl (Mn-BDMS), i-butyl (Mi-BDMS), n-amyl (Mn-ADMS) and i-amyl meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinate (Mi-ADMS). DMSA was used as a positive control. When each was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) as a single dose of 2.0 mmol/kg, DMSA lowered the kidney lead concentration 52%, while the monoesters effected reductions of 54-75%. Mn-ADMS was toxic at this dose. DMSA lowered the brain lead level 20% when given as a single dose, while the monoesters conferred reductions of 64-87%. When given as 5 daily i.p. injections at 0.5 mmol/kg, DMSA reduced the kidney lead concentration 45%, while the monoesters caused reductions of 56-73%. DMSA lowered the brain lead concentration 35% on the 5-day treatment regimen, while the monoesters evoked reductions of 59-75%. Mi-ADMS was equally effective when given orally or i.p. The i.p. LD50 value of this analog in mice is 3.0 mmol/kg, a value which lies between the reported LD50 doses of DMSA (16.0 mmol/kg) and dimercaprol (1.1 mmol/kg). It is suggested that the ability of these monoesters to cross cell membranes may account for their superiority to DMSA in mobilizing brain lead in this animal model. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. JOHN L MCCLELLAN MEM DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 02638-10] NR 20 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD NOV 22 PY 1992 VL 76 IS 1 BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(92)90020-F PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KC108 UT WOS:A1992KC10800008 PM 1335621 ER PT J AU HEYDARI, AR RICHARDSON, A AF HEYDARI, AR RICHARDSON, A TI DOES GENE-EXPRESSION PLAY ANY ROLE IN THE MECHANISM OF THE ANTIAGING EFFECT OF DIETARY RESTRICTION SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LIVER PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; AGE-RELATED DISEASE; FOOD RESTRICTION; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; METABOLIC-RATE; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; CATALASE ACTIVITY; FISCHER RATS; AGING RATS; LIFE-SPAN C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR & GERONTOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP HEYDARI, AR (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 67 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD NOV 21 PY 1992 VL 663 BP 384 EP 395 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38682.x PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KJ581 UT WOS:A1992KJ58100041 PM 1482068 ER PT J AU ASCH, DA ENDE, J AF ASCH, DA ENDE, J TI THE DOWNSIZING OF INTERNAL-MEDICINE RESIDENCY PROGRAMS SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE INTERNSHIP AND RESIDENCY; INTERNAL MEDICINE; EDUCATION, MEDICAL; FOREIGN MEDICAL GRADUATES; PHYSICIANS, FAMILY ID AMBULATORY CARE; HOUSE STAFF; EDUCATION; COSTS; WILL; PAY AB A variety of forces are converging to reduce the number of internal medicine residency positions offered in this country. This reduction, referred to as downsizing, has been proposed as the solution to several of the problems facing internal medicine. We examine the forces that underlie the current enthusiasm for downsizing; we consider the alternative strategies by which downsizing might be implemented; and we consider the implications of these alternatives on different groups of stakeholders. Although downsizing may represent a legitimate approach to real problems, any mechanism to reduce the number of training positions in internal medicine will have broad implications for medical education and patient care well into the next century. Special efforts must be taken to ensure that downsizing will not exacerbate the existing problems of overspecialization and limited access to care. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP ASCH, DA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,SCH MED,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 15 PY 1992 VL 117 IS 10 BP 839 EP 844 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JX838 UT WOS:A1992JX83800008 PM 1416560 ER PT J AU GARRICK, T YANG, H TRAUNER, M LIVINGSTON, E TACHE, Y AF GARRICK, T YANG, H TRAUNER, M LIVINGSTON, E TACHE, Y TI THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE ANALOG INJECTED INTO THE RAPHE-PALLIDUS AND RAPHE-OBSCURUS INCREASES GASTRIC CONTRACTILITY IN RATS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RAPHE NUCLEI (MEDULLARY); VAGUS; ATROPINE; RX-77368; THYROTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE ID DORSAL VAGAL COMPLEX; MEDULLARY RAPHE; TRH ANALOG; SOLITARY TRACT; MOTOR NUCLEUS; VAGUS NERVE; STIMULATION; ACID; PROJECTIONS; MOTILITY AB The present study was performed to investigate the influence of the chemical stimulation of medullary raphe nuclei by the stable TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) analog, RX 77368, on gastric contractility. Urethane-anesthetized rats were acutely implanted with miniature strain gauge force transducers on the corpus of the stomach for continuous recording of gastric contractility. Traces were analyzed by computer. Microinjections of vehicle or RX 77368 into the raphe pallidus or raphe obscurus were performed using pressure injection of 50 nl through glass micropipettes 30 min following basal recording of gastric contractility. RX 77368 (0.7-77 pmol) dose dependently stimulated gastric contractility when microinjected into the raphe pallidus and raphe obscurus. The stimulation of gastric contractions induced by microinjection of RX 77368 (77 pmol) into these raphe nuclei was completely blocked by vagotomy and prevented (raphe obscurus) or reduced (raphe pallidus) by atropine. RX 77368 (7.7-77 pmol) microinjected into the inferior olive, pyramidal tract, medial lemiscus was ineffective. These results demonstrate that chemical stimulation of the raphe pallidus and obscurus by RX 77368 stimulates gastric contractility through vagal and muscarinic pathways. These data suggest a role for medullary raphe nuclei in the central vagal regulation of gastric contractility. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT SURG & RES,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,BRAIN RES INST,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CTR ULCER RES & EDUC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP GARRICK, T (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,W116A,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK-30110]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD NOV 13 PY 1992 VL 223 IS 1 BP 75 EP 81 DI 10.1016/0014-2999(92)90820-T PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JY913 UT WOS:A1992JY91300011 PM 1478259 ER PT J AU CHIAPPELLI, F TIO, D TRITT, SH PILATI, ML TAYLOR, AN AF CHIAPPELLI, F TIO, D TRITT, SH PILATI, ML TAYLOR, AN TI SELECTIVE EFFECTS OF FETAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE ON RAT THYMOCYTE DEVELOPMENT SO ALCOHOL LA English DT Article DE FETAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE; THYMOCYTE; MITOGEN PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE; ANTI-CD3 STIMULATION; ACTIVATION MARKERS; GLUCOCORTICOID CYTOSOLIC RECEPTOR ID PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE; ETHANOL INUTERO; CELLS AB The thymoproliferative response to concanavalin A (ConA) following fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) is higher than control (149%) on day 44, is lower than control (64%) by day 51, and normalizes by day 69 (88% of controls). The ontogeny of HLA-Dr and transferrin receptor (CD71) expression in response to anti-CD3 stimulation is similar among the groups, but is distinct from that of ConA proliferation. The ontogeny of glucocorticoid cytoplasmic receptor (GCCR) sites per thymocyte is also different from the ontogeny of the ConA response. The number of GCCR sites rises sharply (2.5-fold) in control rat thymocytes between days 30 and 44, and remains at that level at later time points. By contrast, the number of GCCR sites per FAE thymocytes rises nearly linearly and normalizes by day 72. Our data support the notion that prenatal alcohol exposure significantly alters thymic development and indicates that the relationship between the development of thymocyte functional responses and that of GCCR is more complex than initially hypothesized. C1 W LOS ANGELES VAMC, BRENTWOOD DIV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOL PROGRAM, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP CHIAPPELLI, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 07126] NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-8329 J9 ALCOHOL JI Alcohol PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 9 IS 6 BP 481 EP 487 DI 10.1016/0741-8329(92)90084-N PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JZ040 UT WOS:A1992JZ04000006 PM 1472303 ER PT J AU RAJENDRAN, SK REISER, JR BAUMAN, W ZHANG, RL GORDON, SK KORSTEN, MA AF RAJENDRAN, SK REISER, JR BAUMAN, W ZHANG, RL GORDON, SK KORSTEN, MA TI GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT AFTER SPINAL-CORD INJURY - EFFECT OF CISAPRIDE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Heartburn, bloating, and abdominal discomfort are common problems in patients with spinal cord injury but, despite its clinical significance, little is known about the gastrointestinal effects of spinal transections. To address the potential gastrointestinal pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, we measured mouth-to-cecum transit time (MCTT) in seven subjects with paraplegia and seven with quadriplegia. Gastric emptying was studied in six subjects with quadriplegia. MCTT was significantly prolonged in patients with quadriplegia, an abnormality corrected by the administration of cisapride. Patients with paraplegia, in contrast to those with quadriplegia, have normal mouth-to-cecum transit time. In addition, patients with quadriplegia had neither a prolonged gastric emptying time nor a change in gastric emptying time, with cisapride. Changes in gastrointestinal transit after spinal cord injury and the improvement of mouth-to-cecum transit time in subjects with quadriplegia, but not in those with paraplegia, may be explained by an imbalance between parasympathetic and sympathetic outflows to the gastrointestinal tract in this group of subjects. C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,SPINAL CORD DAMAGE RES CTR,GASTROENTEROL SECT,BRONX,NY 10468. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,SCI SERV,BRONX,NY 10468. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. NR 13 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 87 IS 11 BP 1614 EP 1617 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JX319 UT WOS:A1992JX31900019 PM 1442685 ER PT J AU PAPPOLLA, MA OMAR, RA SAMBAMURTI, K ANDERSON, JP ROBAKIS, NK AF PAPPOLLA, MA OMAR, RA SAMBAMURTI, K ANDERSON, JP ROBAKIS, NK TI THE GENESIS OF THE SENILE PLAQUE - FURTHER EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT OF ITS NEURONAL ORIGIN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; IMAGE-ANALYSIS MICROSPECTROSCOPY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; BETA-PROTEIN; PREAMYLOID DEPOSITS; TISSUE-SECTIONS; ANTIBODY; BRAINS; CDNA; LOCALIZATION AB Senile plaques are among the most conspicuous neuropathologic changes found in the brains of elderly individuals and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The origin of the amyloid beta protein (AbetaP) that accumulates in senile plaques continues to be highly controversial. Recently, using quantitative immunohistochemistry and computerized image analysis, we obtained evidence that at least a subset of early ("diffuse") senile plaques originate from neurons. In the current investigation, we employed monoclonal antibodies to AbetaP and the same computerized methodology to examine in further detail the quantitative patterns of AbetaP deposition in diffuse plaques in a population of intellectually intact elderly individuals. The presence of neurocentric concentration gradients of AbetaP accumulation was confirmed in this study. Most significantly, this was the most predominant pattern of early amyloid deposition in the population studied The highest concentration of AbetaP was centered around neuronal cell bodies or their processes, and occasionally along neuronal plasma membranes. Computerized images showed patterns that can be interpreted as a pathogenetic sequence ranging from initial neurogenic concentration gradients centered around one single neuron to larger deposits (diffuse plaques) composed of several "anastomosing" gradients involving several adjacent neurons. It is proposed that the described very early deposits constitute the initial stage in the development of the senile plaque. Although this study does not fully prove that the accumulated AbetaP is synthesized in the neuron or neuronal process it surrounds, the images herein presented suggest that neurons are the initial nidus of plaque formation. C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,NEW YORK,NY 10029. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,FISHBERG RES CTR NEUROBIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10029. W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,BRONX,NY. RP PAPPOLLA, MA (reprint author), CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,BOX 1229,1 GUSTAVE L LEVY PL,NEW YORK,NY 10029, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 05138, AG 08200] NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 141 IS 5 BP 1151 EP 1159 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA JX306 UT WOS:A1992JX30600015 PM 1443049 ER PT J AU ZHOU, WG CHAO, W LEVINE, BA OLSON, MS AF ZHOU, WG CHAO, W LEVINE, BA OLSON, MS TI ROLE OF PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR IN HEPATIC RESPONSES AFTER BILE-DUCT LIGATION IN RATS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE; ENDOGENOUS INFLAMMATION; KUPFFER CELLS; ENDOTOXIN ID ACETYLGLYCERYL ETHER PHOSPHORYLCHOLINE; URIC-ACID RELEASE; KUPFFER CELLS; OBSTRUCTIVE-JAUNDICE; LIVER; GLYCOGENOLYSIS; STIMULATION; METABOLISM; RECEPTORS; POTASSIUM AB Role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) as a potential mediator of hepatic pathophysiology was investigated using a rat model of obstructive jaundice. Over a 1-wk course of bile duct ligation, a sixfold increase in tissue levels of PAF (1.57 +/- 0.43 ng/g vs. control 0.24 + 0.08 ng/g) occurred in the liver, whereas no change was observed in PAF levels in plasma. Concomitantly, endotoxin was detected in portal blood drawn from jaundiced rats, and antagonism of the putative effect of endotoxin by neomycin plus polymyxin B reduced local PAF concentrations in livers from jaundiced animals. Induction of neutropenia failed to alter the elevated hepatic PAF concentrations. Moreover, a large quantity of PAF was released spontaneously from Kupffer cells isolated from livers derived from jaundiced rats but not from endothelial cells or hepatocytes from the same animals. An in vitro study using cultured Kupffer cells from normal rats indicated that Kupffer cells secreted a significant amount of PAF in response to lipopolysaccharide challenge; pretreatment of cells with polymyxin B prevented this stimulated PAF release. Treatment of animals with either of two PAF receptor antagonists (BN 52021 and WEB 2170) partially prevented the increase in tissue levels of eicosanoids and O2-derived free radicals and partially alleviated liver injury as judged by the appearance of glutamatepyruvate transaminase in the plasma of jaundiced rats. The present study indicates 1) that endogenous PAF may be an important signaling mediator for the hepatic inflammatory alterations associated with short-term bile duct ligation and 2) that the interaction of Kupffer cells with portal endotoxin is the mechanism by which PAF is produced locally. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-19473] NR 27 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 263 IS 5 BP G587 EP G592 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JZ778 UT WOS:A1992JZ77800053 PM 1443133 ER PT J AU NIELSEN, JL PAGE, CP MANN, C SCHWESINGER, WH FOUNTAIN, RL GROVER, FL AF NIELSEN, JL PAGE, CP MANN, C SCHWESINGER, WH FOUNTAIN, RL GROVER, FL TI RISK OF MAJOR ELECTIVE OPERATION AFTER MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOUTHWESTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS CY APR 26-29, 1992 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ ID CORONARY-ARTERY BYPASS; SURGERY; DISEASE AB Although an increased surgical risk of ischemic myocardial disease is widely accepted, amelioration of this risk after coronary artery bypass is poorly defined. We compared the outcomes of major elective general and peripheral vascular operations in 181 patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with outcomes in an age-, gender-, and procedure-matched group without prior CABG (NOCABG). Despite the perception of a greater operative risk in the CABG patients (more CABG patients in American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] class III and fewer in ASA class I, p <0.001), mortality (1.1% CABG versus 2.8% NOCABG) and morbidity (18.8% CABG versus 18.5% NOCABG) rates in the two groups were not significantly different. For patients who have undergone successful CABG, it appears that: (1) the risk of subsequent elective major general and vascular surgical operations is similar to that of an age-, gender-, and procedure-matched cohort, and (2) the mortality rate after elective operations is low. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,112G,7400 MERTON MINTER,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. PORTLAND STATE UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97207. NR 6 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 164 IS 5 BP 423 EP 426 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(05)81173-0 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA JY007 UT WOS:A1992JY00700004 PM 1443365 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL ROBERTS, L SAMSA, GP AF WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL ROBERTS, L SAMSA, GP TI CLINICAL-EVALUATION FOR SINUSITIS - MAKING THE DIAGNOSIS BY HISTORY AND PHYSICAL-EXAMINATION SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE SINUSITIS; TRANSILLUMINATION; RHINITIS; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; TOOTHACHE ID ACUTE MAXILLARY SINUSITIS; BACTERIAL SINUSITIS AB Objective: To identify the most useful clinical examination findings for the diagnosis of acute and subacute sinusitis. Design: Prospective comparison of clinical findings with radiographs. Setting: General medicine clinics at a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Patients: Two hundred forty-seven consecutive adult men with rhinorrhea (51%), facial pain (22%), or self-suspected sinusitis (27%) (median age, 50 years; median duration of symptoms, 11.5 days). Measurements: Patients were examined by a principal investigator (86%) or by a staff general internist, internal medicine resident (postgraduate year 2 or 3), or physician assistant, all blinded to radiographic results. All examiners recorded the presence or absence of 16 historical items, 5 physical examination items, and the clinical impression for sinusitis (high, intermediate, or low probability). The criterion standard was paranasal sinus radiographs (4 views), which were interpreted by radiologists blinded to clinical findings. Results: Thirty-eight percent of patients meeting entrance criteria had sinusitis. Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were measured for clinical items. Logistic regression analysis showed five independent predictors of sinusitis: maxillary toothache (odds ratio, 2.9), transillumination (odds ratio, 2.7), poor response to nasal decongestants or antihistamines (odds ratio, 2.4), colored nasal discharge reported by the patient (odds ratio, 2.2), or mucopurulence seen during examination (odds ratio, 2.9). The overall clinical impression was more accurate than any single finding: high probability (likelihood ratio, 4.7), intermediate (likelihood ratio, 1.4), low probability (likelihood ratio, 0.4). Conclusions: General internists, focusing on five clinical findings and their overall clinical impression, can effectively stratify male patients with sinus symptoms as having a high, intermediate, or low probability of sinusitis. C1 VET ADM MED CTR,DURHAM,NC 27705. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DURHAM,NC 27710. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP WILLIAMS, JW (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,11C,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 34 TC 157 Z9 160 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 1992 VL 117 IS 9 BP 705 EP 710 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JV424 UT WOS:A1992JV42400001 PM 1416571 ER PT J AU VOLPICELLI, JR ALTERMAN, AI HAYASHIDA, M OBRIEN, CP AF VOLPICELLI, JR ALTERMAN, AI HAYASHIDA, M OBRIEN, CP TI NALTREXONE IN THE TREATMENT OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION; RATS; DISULFIRAM; NALOXONE AB Seventy male alcohol-dependent patients participated in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of naltrexone hydrochloride (50 mg/d) as an adjunct to treatment following alcohol detoxification. Subjects taking naltrexone reported significantly less alcohol craving and days in which any alcohol was consumed. During the 12-week study, only 23% of the naltrexone-treated subjects met the criteria for a relapse, whereas 54.3% of the placebo-treated subjects relapsed. The primary effect of naltrexone was seen in patients who drank any alcohol while attending outpatient treatment. Nineteen (95%) of the 20 placebo-treated patients relapsed after they sampled alcohol, while only eight (50%) of 16 naltrexone-treated patients exposed to alcohol met relapse criteria. Naltrexone was not associated with mood changes or other psychiatric symptoms. Significant side effects (nausea) occurred in two naltrexone-treated subjects, and one naltrexone-treated subject complained of increased pain from arthritis. These results suggest that naltrexone may be a safe and effective adjunct to treatment in alcohol-dependent subjects, particularly in preventing alcohol relapse. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA0751701A1]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186] NR 22 TC 1234 Z9 1260 U1 11 U2 37 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD NOV PY 1992 VL 49 IS 11 BP 876 EP 880 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JX303 UT WOS:A1992JX30300006 PM 1345133 ER PT J AU CURRIE, DM GILBERT, D DIERSCHKE, BJ AF CURRIE, DM GILBERT, D DIERSCHKE, BJ TI AEROBIC CAPACITY WITH 2 LEG WORK VERSUS ONE LEG PLUS BOTH ARMS WORK IN MEN WITH PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE EXERCISE TEST; HUMAN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; REHABILITATION; VASCULAR DISEASES ID EXERCISE AB The purpose of this pilot study Aas to examine the correlation between ergometry in men with peripheral vascular disease exercising with both legs and with one leg and both arms. Fifteen men with peripheral vascular disease performed three symptom-limited exercise tests on an ergometer that could be operated from a wheelchair with both legs or with one leg and both arms. The three exercise conditions were both legs (arms stabilized), left leg plus both arms, and right leg plus both arms. The exercise parameters compared were maximum oxygen consumption, maximum heart rate, and duration of exercise. Blood pressure was monitored at two-minute intervals and oxygen saturation and electrocardiogram were monitored continuously. The mean VO2max +/- standard deviation for both legs, right leg plus both arms, and left leg plus both arms were 14.36 +/- 6.15, 14.86 +/- 4.09, 14.01 +/- 4.14ml O2/kg-min, respectively. The mean duration of exercise +/- standard deviation were 12.01 +/- 5.74, 10.94 +/- 4.68, and 9.81 +/- 4.70 minutes respectively. The mean maximum heart rate +/- standard deviation were 126 +/- 24, 137 +/- 23, 136 +/- 23, respectively for the same exercise conditions. The Pearson Correlation Coefficients for VO2 for both legs versus right leg plus both arms and left leg plus both arms were .639 and .873, respectively. The Pearson Correlation Coefficients for duration of exercise for both legs versus right leg plus both arms and left leg plus both arms were .837 and .877, respectively. The Pearson Correlation Coefficients for maximum heart rate for both legs versus right leg plus both arms and left leg plus both arms were .804 and .882, respectively. These data establish strong correlations between measures of exercise capacity with both legs versus one leg plus both arms in these men with peripheral vascular disease with no amputation. The data suggest that the methods described here for ergometry with one leg plus both arms are a valid measure of exercise capacity in unilateral lower extremity amputees. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. GUNDERSON CLIN LTD,LA CROSSE,WI 54601. RP CURRIE, DM (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT REHABIL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 73 IS 11 BP 1081 EP 1084 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA JX141 UT WOS:A1992JX14100010 PM 1444776 ER PT J AU MYERS, KR ULRICH, JT QURESHI, N TAKAYAMA, K RONG, W LING, C EMARY, WB COTTER, RJ AF MYERS, KR ULRICH, JT QURESHI, N TAKAYAMA, K RONG, W LING, C EMARY, WB COTTER, RJ TI PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE 6'-O-(6-AMINOCAPROYL)-4'-O-MONOPHOSPHORYL LIPID-A AND ITS CONJUGATED DERIVATIVE SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-BINDING PROTEINS; DESORPTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CELLS; INDUCTION AB N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl (t-Boc) protected 6-aminocaproic (Cap) anhydride was reacted with unprotected hexaacyl-4'-O-monophosphoryl lipid A (MLA) obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli J5 to yield t-Boc-Cap-MLA. After a column purification step, the t-Boc group was removed by incubating the sample at low temperature in the presence of acid to yield Cap-MLA. This product was analyzed by californium plasma desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS). Purified t-Boc-Cap-MLA was further fractionated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography as its methyl ester and characterized by laser desorption mass spectrometry, PDMS, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These analyses revealed that the Cap group was selectively introduced into the 6'-position of MLA. To demonstrate that Cap-MLA can be conjugated to other compounds, it was reacted with biotin-Cap N-hydroxysuccinimide ester to yield biotin-(Cap)2-MLA. Analysis of this product by PDMS confirmed its expected molecular weight of 2171 and showed the presence of fragments containing the biotin and Cap groups. Monoclonal antibodies and streptavidin were used to show the presence of both lipid A and biotin in this conjugated product. These two novel lipid A derivatives were then tested for their bioactivities. Although both Cap-MLA and biotin-(Cap)2-MLA showed mitogenic activity using murine splenocytes, they were about 4-8 times less active than MLA at 20 mug/mL or less and only one-half as active at 100 mug/mL. In the induction of tumor necrosis factor release by RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line, the biotin-(Cap)2-MLA showed 7-9-fold lower activity than MLA at the concentration range of 0.1-1.0 /mug/mL. These results showed that Cap-MLA is a biologically active lipid A derivative that can be conjugated to other compounds through its free amino group to form new and active derivatives. It should thus be a useful reagent to study the biological properties of lipid A. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MYCOBACTERIOL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,COLL AGR & LIFE SCI,DEPT BACTERIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & MOLEC SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP MYERS, KR (reprint author), RIBI IMMUNOCHEM RES INC,553 OLD CORVALLIS RD,HAMILTON,MT 59840, USA. RI Wang, Rong/A-8721-2009 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-02301, RR02301, RR02781] NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 3 IS 6 BP 540 EP 548 DI 10.1021/bc00018a013 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA KA511 UT WOS:A1992KA51100013 PM 1463784 ER PT J AU MORRISON, DA BARBIERE, CC JOHNSON, R MARSHALL, G FULLERTON, D HAMMERMEISTER, KE GROVER, FL AF MORRISON, DA BARBIERE, CC JOHNSON, R MARSHALL, G FULLERTON, D HAMMERMEISTER, KE GROVER, FL TI SALVAGE ANGIOPLASTY - AN ALTERNATIVE TO HIGH-RISK SURGERY FOR UNSTABLE ANGINA SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE ANGIOPLASTY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS ID LUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ARTERY DISEASE; BALLOON COUNTERPULSATION; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; MEDICAL THERAPY; BYPASS-SURGERY; PECTORIS; MANAGEMENT; REGISTRY AB This prospective, Human Subjects Committee and Ethics Committee approved investigation was performed to determine if coronary angioplasty (PTCA) might be a reasonable alternative revascularization method for unstable angina patients thought to be at high risk for operative (CABG) mortality. Between March 1990 and October 1991, thirty-four consecutive patients with medically refractory rest angina were deamed to have high risk of surgical mortality and underwent PTCA without surgical backup. Predicted operative mortality was calculated for each patient based upon the VA Surgical Risk Assessment model. Angioplasty of 52 vessels was attempted. Reduction in lumenal narrowing to < 50% and improved angiographic flow was obtained in 47 vessels. There were four complicating infarctions. One death occurred in the lab, and three patients with unsuccessful angioplasty died within 30 days of pump failure. Relief of angina occurred in 30/34. Thirty patients were discharged home. In follow-up from 1 to 12 months, there have been 2 late sudden deaths at 4 months and 9 months, 1 death from lung cancer; 4 patients have stable exertional angina; 2 are awaiting heart transplant but are pain free, and one patient who had PTCA during cardiogenic shock from acute myocardial infarction had elective coronary artery bypass surgery. There have been no late myocardial infarctions. The observed angioplasty 30-day mortality of 11.8% (95% confidence limit 1% to 22.6%) compares favorably with the predicted operative mortality of 23.8% for this group. This prospective but non-randomized series supports the concept that balloon angioplasty may be a reasonable alternative to surgical intervention in some patients with unstable angina and high risk for surgery. A prospective randomized trial is warranted. C1 DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SERV,DENVER,CO. DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIAC SURG SERV,DENVER,CO. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER,CO 80262. RI Marshall, Guillermo/F-2302-2011 NR 43 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 169 EP 178 DI 10.1002/ccd.1810270304 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JV349 UT WOS:A1992JV34900003 PM 1423571 ER PT J AU ISHIHARA, K ZILE, MR KANAZAWA, S TSUTSUI, H URABE, Y DEFREYTE, G CARABELLO, BA AF ISHIHARA, K ZILE, MR KANAZAWA, S TSUTSUI, H URABE, Y DEFREYTE, G CARABELLO, BA TI LEFT-VENTRICULAR MECHANICS AND MYOCYTE FUNCTION AFTER CORRECTION OF EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC MITRAL REGURGITATION BY COMBINED MITRAL-VALVE REPLACEMENT AND PRESERVATION OF THE NATIVE MITRAL-VALVE APPARATUS SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE CONTRACTILITY; VALVULAR HEART DISEASE ID EXPERIMENTAL VOLUME OVERLOAD; WALL STRESS; CONTRACTILE FUNCTION; CHORDAE TENDINEAE; CARDIAC-MUSCLE; REGIONAL WORK; PERFORMANCE; STIFFNESS; LOGARITHM; THICKNESS AB Background. Contractile function improves after correction of experimental mitral regurgitation, but ejection performance becomes depressed when mitral valve replacement involves chordal transection. A role for chordal transection in producing the depressed ejection performance was suspected but uncertain. Therefore, in this study, we tested two specific hypotheses: 1) that contractile function would improve and, in conjunction with chordal preservation, would allow for preserved ejection performance and 2) that improved left ventricular contractile function after surgery would be reflected in the function of myocytes isolated from the affected left ventricles. Methods and Results. We examined ventricular contractile function and ejection performance and isolated myocyte function after correction of experimental mitral regurgitation (chordal rupture) with mitral valve replacement that involved chordal preservation. After 3 months of chronic mitral regurgitation, the average regurgitant fraction of seven dogs was 0.77+/-0.04. End-diastolic volume had increased from 79+/-5 to 132+/-10 cm3 (p < 0.05). At that time, all indexes of left ventricular contractile function were depressed. Three months after mitral valve replacement with chordal preservation, end-diastolic volume fell to 100+/-4 cm3 (p < 0.05). At this time, all indexes of contractile function had returned to normal. End-systolic stress and ejection fraction after mitral valve replacement were similar to their baseline levels. Viscosity-velocity curves (analogous to force-velocity curves) of myocytes isolated from the affected left ventricles were similar to those of myocytes isolated from normal left ventricles. Conclusions. We conclude that mitral valve replacement with chordal preservation allows ventricular contractile function to return to normal. Normal global ventricular function, in turn, is associated with normal function of the individual myocytes that compose the left ventricular chamber. Further, chordal preservation allowed for loading and ejection performance to return to premorbid levels. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS,CARDIOL SECT,CHARLESTON,SC. RI Tsutsui, Hiroyuki/A-4070-2012 NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV PY 1992 VL 86 IS 5 SU S BP 16 EP 25 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JX589 UT WOS:A1992JX58900003 ER PT J AU OHSAKI, Y TAKAHASHI, S SCARCEZ, T DEMULDER, A NISHIHARA, T WILLIAMS, R ROODMAN, GD AF OHSAKI, Y TAKAHASHI, S SCARCEZ, T DEMULDER, A NISHIHARA, T WILLIAMS, R ROODMAN, GD TI EVIDENCE FOR AN AUTOCRINE PARACRINE ROLE FOR INTERLEUKIN-6 IN BONE-RESORPTION BY GIANT-CELLS FROM GIANT-CELL TUMORS OF BONE SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-POLYMERASE; HORMONES AB Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine whose role in osteoclastic bone resorption has not been clearly defined. Therefore, we have used giant cells, which express many features of osteoclasts, from giant cell tumors of bone as a model to examine the role that IL-6 may play in human osteoclastic bone resorption. We found that conditioned medium from 24-h cultures of highly purified giant cells (10(6)/ml) contained large amounts of IL-6 (37.9 +/- 8.8 ng/ml), similar to the amount of IL-6 produced by tumor stromal cells (29.8 +/- 11.5 ng/ml). Giant cells and stromal cells from giant cell tumors expressed IL-6 mRNA, as indicated by polymerase chain reaction analysis and in situ hybridization studies, and immunohistochemical techniques demonstrated that the giant cells expressed IL-6 receptors. The addition of a neutralizing antibody to IL-6 significantly decreased the area of dentine resorbed by purified giant cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the addition of IL-6 to cultures of purified giant cells pretreated with anti-IL-6 restored the resorbing capacity of the giant cells. These data suggest that IL-6 may act as both an autocrine and a paracrine factor for human osteoclasts and play an important role in the bone-resorbing capacity of these cells. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-40035]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM-35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-39539] NR 22 TC 138 Z9 142 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD NOV PY 1992 VL 131 IS 5 BP 2229 EP 2234 DI 10.1210/en.131.5.2229 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JW338 UT WOS:A1992JW33800031 PM 1425421 ER PT J AU ZHOU, WG MCCOLLUM, MO LEVINE, BA OLSON, MS AF ZHOU, WG MCCOLLUM, MO LEVINE, BA OLSON, MS TI INFLAMMATION AND PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR PRODUCTION DURING HEPATIC ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFUSED-RAT-LIVER; OXIDANT STRESS; KUPFFER CELLS; INJURY; GLYCOGENOLYSIS; STIMULATION; NEUTROPHIL; NECROSIS AB The role of platelet-activating factor as a potential mediator of hepatic inflammatory injury associated with liver ischemia/reperfusion was investigated using a partial no-flow model in rats in vivo. Platelet-activating factor levels of livers from sham-operated rats and from animals experiencing hepatic reperfusion for less than 6 hr were very low. They were observed to increase significantly after 12 hr of reperfusion and reached peak levels after a 24-hr reperfusion period, a time when maximal hepatic injury and inflammation occurred. Treatment of experimental rats with WEB2170, a platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist, attenuated the hepatic injury and inflammation, as evidenced by decreases in plasma ALT and in hepatocyte necrosis and neutrophil infiltration. Both inactivation of Kupffer cells with gadolinium chloride and inhibition of the formation of reactive oxygen species with allopurinol reduced platelet-activating factor production in the liver, whereas induction of neutropenia had no effect, suggesting that interaction of Kupffer cells with oxygen-derived free radicals may be a plausible mechanism for hepatic platelet-activating factor accumulation. It is concluded that platelet-activating factor contributes to the inflammatory consequences of ischemia/reperfusion underlying late-phase hepatic injury. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIADDK NIH HHS [AM-19473] NR 27 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD NOV PY 1992 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1236 EP 1240 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JW848 UT WOS:A1992JW84800020 PM 1427662 ER PT J AU HAFFNER, SM BAUER, RL AF HAFFNER, SM BAUER, RL TI EXCESS ANDROGENICITY ONLY PARTIALLY EXPLAINS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY AND BONE-DENSITY IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE SEX HORMONES; BONE DENSITY; OSTEOPOROSIS ID HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN; BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; ADRENAL ANDROGENS; MENOPAUSAL WOMEN; SEX STEROIDS; RISK-FACTORS; OSTEOPOROSIS; FRACTURES; ADIPOSITY AB Obese subjects have increased bone density relative to non-obese subjects yet this relationship is not fully understood. We examined whether alterations in sex hormones or binding proteins might explain the effect of obesity on osteoporosis in 83 premenopausal women from the San Antonio Heart Study, a population-based study of diabetes. We measured total testosterone, oestradiol, oestrone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-SO4). Bone density was assessed by a Hologic dual photon absorptometer. Lumbar spine and femoral neck density were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI). In addition, femoral neck density was positively correlated with DHEA-SO4. BMI was negatively correlated with SHBG. After adjustment for sex hormones by multiple linear regression a positive association between bone density and obesity still exists suggesting that the association between obesity and bone density is at least partially independent of sex steroids in premenopausal women. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN EPIDEMIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL24799, R37 HL36820]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR39794] NR 29 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 16 IS 11 BP 869 EP 874 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA JW697 UT WOS:A1992JW69700004 PM 1337341 ER PT J AU BAILEY, H KOHLER, P TUTTLE, R CARBONE, PP HOHNEKER, JA CLENDENINN, NJ WILDING, G AF BAILEY, H KOHLER, P TUTTLE, R CARBONE, PP HOHNEKER, JA CLENDENINN, NJ WILDING, G TI PHASE-I EVALUATION OF 773U82-HCL IN A 2-HOUR INFUSION REPEATED DAILY FOR 3 DAYS SO INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS LA English DT Article DE 773U82-HCL; ARYLMETHYLAMINOPROPANEDIOLS; PHASE-I ID CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGY TRIAL; SINGLE-DOSE SCHEDULE; MESYLATE AB One of a novel series of compounds (AMAPS or arylmethylaminopropanediols), 773U82-HCl has shown significant antitumor activity in in vitro and in in vivo tumor systems, but has less animal CNS toxicity than the lead compound in the same series (crisnatol). This study was designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, qualitative and quantitative toxicities of 773U82-HCl and to determine the recommended phase II dose (MTD) of 773U82-HCl given as a short infusion daily for 3 days every 3 weeks. Twenty-nine patients with refractory malignancies received 79 courses over 9 dose levels during this study. Doses ranged from 50 to 1060 mg/m2/d x 3 days. Due to the possibility of local hemolysis with concentrations > 1.5 mg/ml, drug was administered in solutions containing less-than-or-equal-to 1.5 mg/ml. Because large volumes were needed at the higher dose levels, the infusion duration was increased from 2 hours to 4 hours. Mild to moderate nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness and headaches were observed. Myelosuppression was the dose limiting toxicity. The recommended phase II dose and schedule was determined to be 800 mg/m2/d x 3d every 3 weeks. 773U82-HCl plasma concentration-time data were analyzed using a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. The t1/2beta averaged 6 hours and the total body clearance was 75.9 L/hr/m2. The volume of distribution (Vdss) was large, averaging 470 L/m2. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. MERITER MADISON GEN HOSP,MADISON,WI 53715. BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. FU NCI NIH HHS [5 T32 CA09614]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR031186] NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6997 J9 INVEST NEW DRUG JI Invest. New Drugs PD NOV PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 279 EP 287 DI 10.1007/BF00944182 PG 9 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KF634 UT WOS:A1992KF63400006 PM 1487401 ER PT J AU BADR, MS SKATRUD, JB DEMPSEY, JA AF BADR, MS SKATRUD, JB DEMPSEY, JA TI DETERMINANTS OF POSTSTIMULUS POTENTIATION IN HUMANS DURING NREM SLEEP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AFTERDISCHARGE MECHANISM; HYPOXIA; CENTRAL APNEA; PERIODIC BREATHING; HYPOVENTILATION ID BRAIN BLOOD-FLOW; VENTILATORY RESPONSES; CHRONIC HYPOXIA; RESPIRATORY DRIVE; SUSTAINED HYPOXIA; AFTERDISCHARGE; CATS; HYPERVENTILATION; ACCLIMATIZATION; HYPERCAPNIA AB To test whether active hyperventilation activates the "afterdischarge" mechanism during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep, we investigated the effect of abrupt termination of active hypoxia-induced hyperventilation in normal subjects during NREM sleep. Hypoxia was induced for 15 s, 30 s, 1 min, and 5 min. The last two durations were studied under both isocapnic and hypocapnic conditions. Hypoxia was abruptly terminated with 100% inspiratory O2 fraction. Several room air-to-hyperoxia transitions were performed to establish a control period for hyperoxia after hypoxia transitions. Transient hyperoxia alone was associated with decreased expired ventilation (VE) to 90 +/- 7% of room air. Hyperoxic termination of 1 min of isocapnic hypoxia [end-tidal PO2 (PET(O2)) 63 +/- 3 Torr] was associated with VE persistently above the hyperoxic control for four to six breaths. In contrast, termination of 30 s or 1 min of hypocapnic hypoxia [PET(O2) 49 +/- 3 and 48 +/- 2 Torr, respectively; end-tidal PCO2 (PET(CO2)) decreased by 2.5 or 3.8 Torr, respectively] resulted in hypoventilation for 45 s and prolongation of expiratory duration (TE) for 18 s. Termination of 5 min of isocapnic hypoxia (PET(O2) 63 +/- 3 Torr) was associated with central apnea (longest TE 200% of room air); VE remained below the hyperoxic control for 49 s. Termination of 5 min of hypocapnic hypoxia (PET(O2) 64 +/- 4 Torr, PET(CO2) decreased by 2.6 Torr) was also associated with central apnea (longest TE 500% of room air). VE remained below the hyperoxic control for 88 s. We conclude that 1) poststimulus hyperpnea occurs in NREM sleep as long as hypoxia is brief and arterial PCO2 is maintained, suggesting the activation of the afterdischarge mechanism; 2) transient hypocapnia overrides the potentiating effects of afterdischarge, resulting in hypoventilation; and 3) sustained hypoxia abolishes the potentiating effects of afterdischarge, resulting in central apnea. These data suggest that the inhibitory effects of sustained hypoxia and hypocapnia may interact to cause periodic breathing. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53702. UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,MED SERV,MADISON,WI 53702. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,JOHN RANKIN LAB PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53702. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-42242, HL-02588] NR 44 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 73 IS 5 BP 1958 EP 1971 PG 14 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA JZ596 UT WOS:A1992JZ59600039 PM 1474073 ER PT J AU DEMULDER, A SUGGS, SV ZSEBO, KM SCARCEZ, T ROODMAN, GD AF DEMULDER, A SUGGS, SV ZSEBO, KM SCARCEZ, T ROODMAN, GD TI EFFECTS OF STEM-CELL FACTOR ON OSTEOCLAST-LIKE CELL-FORMATION IN LONG-TERM HUMAN MARROW CULTURES SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BONE MARROW; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; C-KIT; MULTINUCLEATED CELLS; SI-LOCUS; COLONY FORMATION; LIGAND; MOUSE; PRECURSORS AB Stem cell factor (SCF) is a newly described hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates the growth of primitive hematopoietic progenitors and mast cells. Since the osteoclast precursor is hematopoietic in origin, we tested SCF for its capacity to stimulate the formation of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNC) in long-term human marrow cultures. These MNC express an osteoclast phenotype and form resorption lacunae on calcified matrices. Addition of SCF alone (0.1 pg/ml to 100 ng/ml) to long-term marrow cultures did not increase MNC formation. However, treatment of these cultures sequentially with SCF for 1 week followed by 1,25-(OH)2D3 for the second and third weeks of culture significantly enhanced MNC formation. [H-3]Thymidine incorporation studies showed that SCF increased the proliferation of MNC precursors. These data suggested that SCF was acting on early MNC precursors. We then tested the capacity of SCF to stimulate the formation of colonies of committed precursors for osteoclast-like MNC. SCF (20 pg/ml to 20 ng/ml) enhanced osteoclast precursor formation in unfractionated bone marrow mononuclear cells but was unable to increase osteoclast precursor formation when a highly purified population of hematopoietic precursors was used as the target cells for SCF. These data suggest that SCF works in concert with other factors produced by nonhematopoietic marrow cells to increase the precursor pool for osteoclasts and that other factors, such as 1,25-(OH)2D3, complete the differentiation process to the mature osteoclast. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AMGEN CORP,THOUSAND OAKS,CA. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-40035]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 39539] NR 29 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 7 IS 11 BP 1337 EP 1344 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JY182 UT WOS:A1992JY18200013 PM 1281606 ER PT J AU BOURBEAU, P MCGOUGH, DA FRASER, H SHAH, N RINALDI, MG AF BOURBEAU, P MCGOUGH, DA FRASER, H SHAH, N RINALDI, MG TI FATAL DISSEMINATED INFECTION CAUSED BY MYCELIOPHTHORA-THERMOPHILA, A NEW AGENT OF MYCOSIS - CASE-HISTORY AND LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note AB We report a case of human infection caused by the hyphomycete Myceliophthora thermophila. A 7-year-old male with neurofibromatosis (type 1) was diagnosed in 1987 with acute myeloblastic leukemia associated with the chromosomal abnormality monosomy 7. The patient experienced multiple serious infections over a three-year period before expiring in 1990 while in the end stage of leukemia. Autopsy findings included fungal vegetations of the left atrium, ascending aorta, and pulmonary arteries and fungal invasion of both lungs. Cultures yielded M. thermophila. We believe that this is the first reported fatality caused by M. thermophila. C1 GEISINGER MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT HEMATOL ONCOL,DANVILLE,PA 17822. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,FUNGUS TESTING LAB,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MYCOL,REFERENCE LAB,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP BOURBEAU, P (reprint author), GEISINGER MED CTR,DEPT LAB MED,DANVILLE,PA 17822, USA. NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 30 IS 11 BP 3019 EP 3023 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JU856 UT WOS:A1992JU85600054 PM 1452676 ER PT J AU MASORO, EJ MCCARTER, RJM KATZ, MS MCMAHAN, CA AF MASORO, EJ MCCARTER, RJM KATZ, MS MCMAHAN, CA TI DIETARY RESTRICTION ALTERS CHARACTERISTICS OF GLUCOSE FUEL USE SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FED AD-LIBITUM; FOOD RESTRICTION; CALORIC RESTRICTION; INSULIN ACTION; METABOLIC-RATE; AGE; LONGEVITY; EXERCISE; DISEASE; MASS AB A longitudinal study of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in ad libitum fed and dietary restricted male F344 rats was carried out. The life span diurnal pattern of plasma glucose concentration was such that through most of the day dietary restricted rats have significantly lower plasma glucose levels than ad libitum fed rats. Throughout the life span, dietary restricted rals maintain mean 24-hour plasma glucose concentrations about 15% below those of ad libitum fed rats. Plasma insulin levels are maintained in dietary restricted rats at about 50% of the levels in ad libitum fed rats. Although plasma glucose and insulin levels are lower, dietary restricted rats use glucose fuel at the same rate per unit of metabolic mass per day as rats fed ad libitum. While these findings are consistent with the glycation hypothesis of aging and with our hypothesis that dietary restriction retards the aging processes by altering the characteristics of fuel use, they do not establish the validity of either. It is possible that this effect of dietary restriction on carbohydrate metabolism plays no role in its antiaging action. Further studies are required to define the role of these altered characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism in the aging processes. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP MASORO, EJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-01188] NR 29 TC 184 Z9 188 U1 0 U2 7 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 SN 0022-1422 J9 J GERONTOL JI J. Gerontol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 47 IS 6 BP B202 EP B208 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA JX157 UT WOS:A1992JX15700018 PM 1430849 ER PT J AU TALAL, N AF TALAL, N TI SJOGRENS-SYNDROME - A PRESENT-DAY VIEW SO MEDICINE LA English DT Note C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP TALAL, N (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0025-7974 J9 MEDICINE JI Medicine (Baltimore) PD NOV PY 1992 VL 71 IS 6 BP 401 EP 403 DI 10.1097/00005792-199211000-00006 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JZ414 UT WOS:A1992JZ41400006 ER PT J AU STERN, RG MOHS, RC AF STERN, RG MOHS, RC TI DETERIORATION ON THE BLESSED INFORMATION-MEMORY-CONCENTRATION TEST IN ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE - REPLY SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Letter RP STERN, RG (reprint author), BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,MT SINAI SCH MED,PSYCHIAT SERV,NEW YORK,NY, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 44 IS 2 BP 168 EP 168 DI 10.1016/0165-1781(92)90051-4 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KF251 UT WOS:A1992KF25100009 ER PT J AU SCHWEITZER, P AF SCHWEITZER, P TI THE VALUES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE QT INTERVAL IN CLINICAL-PRACTICE SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Note ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ACTION-POTENTIAL DURATION; Q-T INTERVAL; DIABETIC AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; HEART-RATE; VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA; LONG QT; BAZETTS FORMULA; RATE DEPENDENCE C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP SCHWEITZER, P (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 74 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 124 IS 4 BP 1121 EP 1125 DI 10.1016/0002-8703(92)91013-Q PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JQ688 UT WOS:A1992JQ68800052 PM 1529898 ER PT J AU KEMENDY, AE KLEYMAN, TR EATON, DC AF KEMENDY, AE KLEYMAN, TR EATON, DC TI ALDOSTERONE ALTERS THE OPEN PROBABILITY OF AMILORIDE-BLOCKABLE SODIUM-CHANNELS IN A6 EPITHELIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SODIUM TRANSPORT; ION CHANNEL; PATCH CLAMP; RENAL CELLS ID TOAD URINARY-BLADDER; APICAL MEMBRANE; NA+ CHANNEL; TRANSPORT; DENSITY; LOCALIZATION; SELECTIVITY; MECHANISMS; CELLS; MODEL AB We used patch-clamp methods to examine the effects of depletion and readdition of aldosterone on single, highly selective, amiloride-blockable sodium channels in the A6 cell line. Single-channel characteristics changed little before 24 h of continuous aldosterone depletion, although there was some reduction in short-circuit current. Thereafter, apical sodium permeability, measured as product of channel number per patch and individual channel open probability (NP(o)), was reduced between five- and sevenfold, primarily due to a large decrease in channel mean open time. With about the same time course, short-circuit current also decreased approximately fivefold. Readdition of aldosterone to depleted cells produced an increase in NP(o) within 2 h, primarily through an increase in mean open time. After readdition, channel number per patch increased twofold compared with cells not hormone deprived, with a return to control levels between 24 and 48 h after continuous exposure. The increase in short-circuit current followed a similar time course. The primary effect of aldosterone appears to be modulation of the open time of channels continuously present in the apical membrane, rather than promotion of the appearance or disappearance of channels from the membrane. In particular, it cannot be demonstrated statistically that aldosterone removal reduces the number of channels per patch, and there may actually be up to a twofold increase after a long period of aldosterone depletion. C1 EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,ATLANTA,GA 30322. UNIV PENN,DEPT MED & PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-37963] NR 33 TC 168 Z9 169 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 263 IS 4 BP C825 EP C837 PN 1 PG 13 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JU805 UT WOS:A1992JU80500016 PM 1329547 ER PT J AU ALFREY, AC AF ALFREY, AC TI TOXICITY OF TUBULE FLUID IRON IN THE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; DEFEROXAMINE; TRANSFERRIN ID GLOMERULAR INJURY; SERUM NEPHRITIS; OXYGEN RADICALS; RAT; DESFERRIOXAMINE; TRANSFERRIN; SUPEROXIDE; SIZE AB This study was carried out in rats with nephrotoxic serum nephritis after autologous phase proteinuria was well established to determine the effect of tubule fluid iron chelation on the course of this disease. Deferoxamine administration caused a reduction in urinary iron potentially capable of catalyzing hydroxyl radical (.OH) formation and kidney iron uptake (224 +/- 60 vs. 398 +/- 152 mg/kg). This was associated with a decrease in rate of progression of renal failure over the 21-day study period (creatinine clearance -0.199 +/- 0.152 vs. -0.509 +/- 0.336 ml/min, P < 0.05) and improved survival (8/8 vs. 4/8, P < 0.05). In addition deferoxamine caused a reduction in urinary transferrin excretion (32 +/- 15 vs. 74 +/- 16 mg/day) and fractional excretion of transferrin (2.01 +/- 1 vs. 5.9 +/- 3.7%) and an increase in serum transferrin levels (229 +/- 36 vs. 139 +/- 45 mg/dl, all P < 0.05). It is suggested that iron presented to the tubule fluid as a result of the glomerular leak for transferrin is dissociated from transferrin. In tum the iron is available in a form capable of catalyzing .OH formation, resulting in lipid peroxidation of tubule cell membranes. Deferoxamine chelation of tubule fluid iron retards the development of both tubulointerstitial injury and superimposed glomerular sclerosis in this model of membranous nephropathy. RP ALFREY, AC (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DENVER VET AFFAIRS HOSP,MED CTR,1055 CLERMONT ST,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. NR 31 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 263 IS 4 BP F637 EP F641 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JU806 UT WOS:A1992JU80600091 PM 1384359 ER PT J AU COLSTON, JT FREEMAN, GL AF COLSTON, JT FREEMAN, GL TI BENEFICIAL INFLUENCE OF VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE ON VENTRICULOVASCULAR COUPLING IN CLOSED-CHEST DOGS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ARTERIAL DYNAMICS; MYOCARDIAL MECHANICS ID ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; CONSCIOUS DOGS; PRESSURE; POLYPEPTIDE; HEART; VIP; CONTRACTILITY; RESPONSES; AFTERLOAD; SECRETIN AB The effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on ventriculovascular coupling in the intact cardiovascular system has not been defined. We studied seven dogs chronically instrumented with left ventricular (LV) pressure manometers and three sets of diameter gauges before and after infusions of 0.02, 0.05, and 0.10 mug.kg-1.min-1 VIP. The dogs were studied after autonomic blockade, anesthesia, and intubation, with a fixed heart rate of 160 beats/min. Contractility was assessed using LV elastance at end systole (E(es)) and the slope of the stroke work-end-diastolic volume relation. The vascular influence of VIP was quantified by determining effective arterial elastance (E(a)) under steady-state conditions. The overall effect on ventriculovascular coupling was assessed using the transfer of mechanical energy from LV to the arterial system (Trans(PVA)) quantified as the percentage of pressure-volume area (PVA) expressed as stroke work. LV relaxation was measured using the time constant of LV pressure decay. The results showed that VIP increased contractility (E(es) increased to 129, 156, and 181% of control; P < 0.01 for all vs. control) and decreased effective arterial elastance (E(a) fell to 84, 68, and 64% of control; P < 0.0155 vs. control for the two higher doses). VIP had no consistent effects on LV relaxation. Thus, in addition to its positive ventricular effects (increased contractility), VIP has beneficial vascular effects (reduced E(a)). These properties combine to improve ventriculovascular coupling, such that VIP enhances delivery of mechanical energy from the LV to the circulatory bed. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 263 IS 4 BP H1300 EP H1305 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JU806 UT WOS:A1992JU80600041 ER PT J AU HOLDEN, WE BURNHAM, EM LEE, MA BAGBY, SP AF HOLDEN, WE BURNHAM, EM LEE, MA BAGBY, SP TI INFLUENCE OF GROWTH OXYGEN LEVEL ON EICOSANOID RELEASE FROM LUNG ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS DURING HYPOXIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ENDOTHELIUM; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; HYPOXIA; VASOCONSTRICTION; PROSTAGLANDINS ID VASOCONSTRICTION; VARIABILITY; INVITRO AB Eicosanoid products of arachidonic acid are suspected modulators of hypoxic vasoconstriction in the pulmonary vasculature. Vascular endothelial cells (EC) release several eicosanoids, but there is disagreement regarding the effect of hypoxia on EC eicosanoid release. We postulated that the oxygen level of growth in culture might influence the release of eicosanoids during acute hypoxia. We studied EC cultured from the main pulmonary arteries of pigs and grown at either 5% or near 20% oxygen, representing the normal limits of oxygen exposure to endothelium in normal lungs. Although cultures grown in 5% oxygen grew slightly faster by 4 days, the confluent cell number, protein content, and baseline eicosanoid release were no different compared with paired cultures grown in 20% oxygen. However, with an acute decrease in oxygen level, cultures grown in 5% oxygen released less prostaglandin E2, F2alpha, and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1alpha compared with amounts released at the growth oxygen level. In contrast, cultures grown in 20% oxygen released increased amounts of these eicosanoids compared with release at the growth oxygen level. Release of thromboxane B2 was not significantly different during hypoxia between cultures grown at 5% vs. 20% oxygen. In other experiments, cyclooxygenase activity, stimulated arachidonic acid release by calcium ionophore A23187, and uptake of arachidonic acid were no different in cultures grown at 5% vs. 20% oxygen. However, arachidonic acid release during hypoxia was reduced in 5% cultures and increased in 20% cultures. These experiments show that both the growth oxygen level and an acute change in oxygen level influence release of eicosanoids from pulmonary vascular EC and suggest that in vivo release of eicosanoids during hypoxia may be influenced by the oxygen level to which the cells are chronically accustomed. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. RP HOLDEN, WE (reprint author), PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,3710 SW US VET HOSP RD,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 263 IS 4 BP L454 EP L459 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JU805 UT WOS:A1992JU80500082 PM 1415723 ER PT J AU ANTHONY, JP RITTER, E MOELLEKEN, BRW AF ANTHONY, JP RITTER, E MOELLEKEN, BRW TI UTILITY OF THE INFERIOR GLUTEAL VESSELS IN FREE FLAP COVERAGE OF SACRAL WOUNDS SO ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB An improved technique for gaining access to the inferior gluteal vessels is presented. This method allows rapid isolation of these vessels, preservation of greater pedicle length, and improved access for the performance of microsurgery. The innervation and function of the gluteus maximus is also preserved. We believe the use of this technique makes the inferior gluteal vessels the receptor vessels of choice for microsurgical procedures in the sacral area. An illustrative patient is presented in whom these vessels were used for a combined serratus anterior-latissimus dorsi free muscle flap for sacral wound coverage. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DIV PLAST & RECONSTRUCT SURG,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. SAN FRANCISCO VET ADM MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0148-7043 J9 ANN PLAS SURG JI Ann. Plast. Surg. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 29 IS 4 BP 371 EP 375 DI 10.1097/00000637-199210000-00017 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA JT338 UT WOS:A1992JT33800017 PM 1466537 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, CC TAYLOR, S PITSAKIS, P MAY, P LEVISON, ME AF JOHNSON, CC TAYLOR, S PITSAKIS, P MAY, P LEVISON, ME TI BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF RAMOPLANIN AGAINST ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Note ID INVITRO ACTIVITY; STREPTOCOCCUS-FAECALIS; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; VANCOMYCIN; TEICOPLANIN; GENTAMICIN; INFECTIONS; AGENTS; A16686; RISK AB Ramoplanin, a new lipoglycodepsipeptide antibiotic, was uniformly active against 65 strains of enterococci, including strains highly resistant to vancomycin, penicillin, G, and gentamicin. MBCs were usually within a fourfold dilution of the MICs. In time-kill studies, ramoplanin alone demonstrated dose-dependent bactericidal activity against enterococcal strains that resisted killing by vancomycin or penicillin in combination with gentamicin. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP JOHNSON, CC (reprint author), MED COLL PENN,3300 HENRY AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129, USA. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 36 IS 10 BP 2342 EP 2345 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JQ679 UT WOS:A1992JQ67900045 PM 1444316 ER PT J AU JOHN, JF ATKINS, LT MAPLE, PAH BRATOEVA, M AF JOHN, JF ATKINS, LT MAPLE, PAH BRATOEVA, M TI ACTIVITIES OF NEWER FLUOROQUINOLONES AGAINST SHIGELLA-SONNEI SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Note ID QUINOLONES; RESISTANT; EPIDEMIC; MARKERS AB The activities of six fluoroquinolones were determined for 117 separate strains of Shigella sonnei. The order of increasing activity (MICs for 90% of strains tested) was enoxacin (0.25 mug/ml), temafloxacin (0.032 mug/ml), sparfloxacin (0.016 mug/ml), CI-960 (0.008 mug/ml), ciprofloxacin (0.008 mug/ml), and PD-131628-2 (0.008 mug/ml). These data, along with results of killing and mutational rate studies, showed that all six fluoroquinolones were highly inhibitory against S. sonnei and five fluoroquinolones were rapidly and persistently bactericidal. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV INFECT DIS,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. ROYAL FREE HOSP,LONDON NW3 2QG,ENGLAND. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 36 IS 10 BP 2346 EP 2348 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JQ679 UT WOS:A1992JQ67900046 PM 1444317 ER PT J AU MINTZ, J MINTZ, LI ARRUDA, MJ HWANG, SS AF MINTZ, J MINTZ, LI ARRUDA, MJ HWANG, SS TI TREATMENTS OF DEPRESSION AND THE FUNCTIONAL-CAPACITY TO WORK SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; COGNITIVE THERAPY; SELF-REPORT; EFFICACY; DISORDER; PHARMACOTHERAPY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; OUTPATIENTS; PREDICTION; RECURRENCE AB This study evaluated the effects of antidepressants and psychotherapy on work impairment in depressed patients. Original databases from 10 published treatment studies were compiled and analyzed (N=827). Functional work impairment was common at baseline, manifested by unemployment (11%) or on-the-job performance problems (absenteeism, decreased productivity, interpersonal problems, 44%). Generally, work outcomes were good when treatment was symptomatically effective, but the trajectories of work restoration and symptom remission were different, with work recovery appearing to take considerably longer. Relapse was an important determinant of long-term occupational outcome, particularly for seriously ill patients for whom relapse meant rehospitalization or other profound social disruption. Affective impairment was distinguished from functional impairment, with the former characterizing milder depression and the latter characterizing moderate to severe depression. Some methodological recommendations are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP MINTZ, J (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,691-B117,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 41 TC 464 Z9 469 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD OCT PY 1992 VL 49 IS 10 BP 761 EP 768 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JR569 UT WOS:A1992JR56900001 PM 1417427 ER PT J AU PROCHAZKA, AV PETTY, TL NETT, L SILVERS, GW SACHS, DPL RENNARD, SI DAUGHTON, DM GRIMM, RH HEIM, C AF PROCHAZKA, AV PETTY, TL NETT, L SILVERS, GW SACHS, DPL RENNARD, SI DAUGHTON, DM GRIMM, RH HEIM, C TI TRANSDERMAL CLONIDINE REDUCED SOME WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS BUT DID NOT INCREASE SMOKING CESSATION SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; PLACEBO AB Background.-Clonidine may be useful in controlling tobacco withdrawal and in facilitating smoking cessation. This study was developed to test the efficacy of transdermal clonidine in promoting smoking cessation. Methods.-We conducted a five-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial of transdermal clonidine in conjunction with a minimal behavioral intervention for smoking cessation. The intervention was based on the American Lung Association's Freedom From Smoking program. Self report of not smoking was validated with exhaled air carbon monoxide of less than 8 ppm and salivary cotinine of less than 20 ng/mL. Transdermal clonidine therapy began 1 week before the target quit date: 0.1 mg/24 h for the first 4 days increasing to 0.2 mg/24 h for the next 3 days, if the lower dose was tolerated. The highest tolerated dose was then continued for 6 weeks after target quit day. Withdrawal symptoms were measured daily for the first 7 days after target quit day. Results.-A total of 213 patients were enrolled (106 active drug and 107 placebo). During the study, 15.5% of patients had drug therapy discontinued due to adverse effects, 24.5% (26/106) taking active drug vs 8.4% (9/107) receiving placebo. There was a significant reduction in anxiety score from 3.0 to 2.4 (placebo vs active) and irritability score from 2.2 to 1.7 (placebo vs active) during the first week after cessation. There was no reduction in other withdrawal symptoms. The overall 12-week abstinence rate was 33.0% (35/106) in the active drug group vs 34.5% (37/107) in the placebo group (not significant). Conclusion.-This study demonstrated some reduction in early withdrawal symptoms with the use of a clonidine transdermal patch, but no increase in cessation rate, 6 weeks after medication had been discontinued. C1 PRESBYTERIAN UNIV HOSP,ST LUKES CTR HLTH SCI EDUC,DENVER,CO. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT MED,PULM SECT,CTR PULM DIS PREVENT,OMAHA,NE 68182. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PUBL HLTH,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT MED,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT,NASHVILLE,TN 37240. RP PROCHAZKA, AV (reprint author), DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,AMBULATORY CARE SECT,DENVER,CO, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-04986] NR 26 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 152 IS 10 BP 2065 EP 2069 DI 10.1001/archinte.152.10.2065 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JT163 UT WOS:A1992JT16300015 PM 1417380 ER PT J AU BLAZERYOST, BL SHAH, N JARETT, L COX, M SMITH, RM AF BLAZERYOST, BL SHAH, N JARETT, L COX, M SMITH, RM TI INSULIN AND IGF1 RECEPTORS IN A MODEL RENAL EPITHELIUM - RECEPTOR LOCALIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION SO BIOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; NA+-TRANSPORT; BASOLATERAL MEMBRANES; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; MESANGIAL CELLS; RAT; SOMATOMEDIN; ANTIBODIES; BINDING; I-125-INSULIN C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP BLAZERYOST, BL (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,RENAL ELECTROLYTE SECT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK19525, DK 28143] NR 36 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS AUST PI MARRICKVILLE PA LOCKED BAG 16, MARRICKVILLE NSW 2204, AUSTRALIA SN 0158-5231 J9 BIOCHEM INT PD OCT PY 1992 VL 28 IS 1 BP 143 EP 153 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JU246 UT WOS:A1992JU24600017 PM 1445387 ER PT J AU LEUCHTER, AF NEWTON, TF COOK, IA WALTER, DO ROSENBERGTHOMPSON, S LACHENBRUCH, PA AF LEUCHTER, AF NEWTON, TF COOK, IA WALTER, DO ROSENBERGTHOMPSON, S LACHENBRUCH, PA TI CHANGES IN BRAIN FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN ALZHEIMER-TYPE AND MULTIINFARCT DEMENTIA SO BRAIN LA English DT Article ID SOMATOSENSORY EVOKED-POTENTIALS; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; MULTIINFARCT DEMENTIA; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; EEG COHERENCE; DIFFERENTIAL-DIAGNOSIS; LAMINAR DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SENILE DEMENTIA; LEUKO-ARAIOSIS AB Clinical and neuropathological evaluation of elderly subjects with dementia has traditionally concentrated upon the focal distribution of brain disease, ignoring changes in the complex connections that link brain areas and that are crucial for cognition. We examined subjects with the two most common forms of dementia in the elderly (dementia of the Alzheimer type or DAT, and multi-infarct dementia or MID); and used electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence to examine the effects of these illnesses on the functional connections between brain areas. We studied coherence between brain areas known to be linked by two different types of connections: (i) dense narrow bands of long corticocortical fibres; (ii) broad complex networks of corticocortical and corticosubcortical fibres. Areas that were linked by dense narrow bands of long corticocortical fibres showed greatly diminished coherence in subjects with DAT; among MID subjects, this coherence was not significantly affected. Areas that were linked by broad connective networks showed the largest decreases in coherence among MID subjects. These findings are consistent with neuropathological evidence that Alzheimer's disease is a neocortical 'disconnection syndrome' in which there is a loss of structural and functional integrity of long corticocortical tracts. The findings further suggest that the vascular disease of MID most prominently affects broad fibre networks that may be more vulnerable to diffuse subcortical vascular damage. A ratio of coherence from complex corticocortical-corticosubcortical networks divided by coherence from long corticocortical tracts correctly classified 76% of subjects into DAT and MID categories. Overall, these results indicate that EEG coherence detects basic pathophysiological differences between subjects with DAT and MID, and that these differences may be clinically useful. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, NEUROPSYCHIAT INST & HOSP, CLIN ELECTROPHYSIOL LAB, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT PSYCHIAT, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH PUBL HLTH, DEPT BIOSTAT, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI, 760 WESTWOOD PL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. OI newton, thomas/0000-0002-3198-5901 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 00665, MH 17140, MH 40705] NR 79 TC 169 Z9 173 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-8950 EI 1460-2156 J9 BRAIN JI Brain PD OCT PY 1992 VL 115 BP 1543 EP 1561 DI 10.1093/brain/115.5.1543 PN 5 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA JY715 UT WOS:A1992JY71500018 PM 1422803 ER PT J AU SILVA, JA LEONG, GB WINE, DB SAAB, S AF SILVA, JA LEONG, GB WINE, DB SAAB, S TI EVOLVING MISIDENTIFICATION SYNDROMES AND FACIAL RECOGNITION DEFICITS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE LA English DT Article ID CAPGRAS SYNDROME; ATROPHY AB In this paper, the authors report the case of a 33 year old man with several misidentification delusions involving the self. Evidence suggests that one type of misidentification delusion may evolve into another type. Neuropsychological testing further suggests that misidentification delusions may be associated with subtle abnormalities in facial recognition abilities and with non dominant cerebral compromise. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA SUITE 200, 237 ARGYLE AVE, OTTAWA ON K2P 1B8, CANADA SN 0706-7437 J9 CAN J PSYCHIAT JI Can. J. Psychiat.-Rev. Can. Psychiat. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 37 IS 8 BP 574 EP 576 PG 3 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JW687 UT WOS:A1992JW68700010 PM 1423161 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, GG SCHAEFER, S TROCHA, SD GARCIA, J STEINMAN, S MASSIE, BM WEINER, MW AF SCHWARTZ, GG SCHAEFER, S TROCHA, SD GARCIA, J STEINMAN, S MASSIE, BM WEINER, MW TI EFFECT OF SUPRANORMAL CORONARY BLOOD-FLOW ON ENERGY-METABOLISM AND SYSTOLIC FUNCTION OF PORCINE LEFT-VENTRICLE SO CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MYOCARDIAL-CONTRACTILITY; CANINE MYOCARDIUM; HEART; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFUSION; ADENOSINE; PRESSURE; INVIVO; HETEROGENEITY; PIGS AB Objective: The goal was to determine if supranormal coronary blood flow increases myocardial oxygen consumption, high energy phosphate levels, and systolic function in the in situ autoperfused heart. Methods: Thirteen anaesthetised open chest pigs with an intact, autoperfused coronary circulation, weight 30-40 kg, were studied. Measurements were made under basal conditions and during regional hyperperfusion of the anterior left ventricle produced by intracoronary infusion of adenosine (mean dose 3.3 mumol.min-1). Doppler coronary blood flow velocity in the anterior descending coronary artery, arterial and anterior interventricular venous blood oxygen content, high energy phosphates (by transmurally localised P-31 NMR), and myocardial wall thickening (by sonomicrometry) were measured. Results: With adenosine, coronary flow was increased to 355(SEM 59)% of control. Supranormal coronary flow produced no significant changes in anterior left ventricular oxygen consumption [99(12)% of control]. P-31 NMR spectroscopy revealed no significant changes in the peak intensities of phosphocreatine or ATP in either the subendocardium or subepicardium (90-97% of control). Systolic anterior left ventricular wall thickening also did not change [107(13)% of control]. Conclusions: Supranormal coronary flow does not augment myocardial oxygen consumption, high energy phosphates, or systolic function in the in situ autoperfused heart. Myocardial oxygen delivery does not limit oxidative metabolism under normal conditions. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,CARDIOL SECT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,MAGNET RESONANCE UNIT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. RP SCHWARTZ, GG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,4150 CLEMENT ST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28547, K08-HL02131, K11-HL02155] NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0008-6363 J9 CARDIOVASC RES JI Cardiovasc. Res. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 26 IS 10 BP 1001 EP 1006 DI 10.1093/cvr/26.10.1001 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JV960 UT WOS:A1992JV96000015 PM 1486583 ER PT J AU PRABHU, SD MULLIGAN, LJ OROURKE, RA FREEMAN, GL AF PRABHU, SD MULLIGAN, LJ OROURKE, RA FREEMAN, GL TI EFFECT OF DOBUTAMINE ON VENTRICULAR ENERGETICS IN CLOSED-CHEST DOGS SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT PY 1992 VL 86 IS 4 SU S BP 231 EP 231 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JT660 UT WOS:A1992JT66000943 ER PT J AU OLEARY, EL COLSTON, JT FREEMAN, GL AF OLEARY, EL COLSTON, JT FREEMAN, GL TI MAINTAINED LENGTH-DEPENDENT ACTIVATION OF SKINNED MYOCARDIAL FIBERS IN TACHYCARDIA HEART-FAILURE SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT PY 1992 VL 86 IS 4 SU S BP 284 EP 284 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JT660 UT WOS:A1992JT66001155 ER PT J AU MUNOZ, J VIRELLA, G GALBRAITH, G LOPESVIRELLA, MF AF MUNOZ, J VIRELLA, G GALBRAITH, G LOPESVIRELLA, MF TI LDL-IMMUNE COMPLEXES ACTIVATE RESPIRATORY BURST AND CYTOKINE RELEASE IN HUMAN MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT PY 1992 VL 86 IS 4 SU S BP 335 EP 335 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JT660 UT WOS:A1992JT66001359 ER PT J AU IAKOVIDIS, P COHEN, DJ SWAIN, L CLEM, M GHIDONI, JJ EVERETT, MM BOYAN, BD AF IAKOVIDIS, P COHEN, DJ SWAIN, L CLEM, M GHIDONI, JJ EVERETT, MM BOYAN, BD TI ORAL MICROORGANISMS AND CALCIFIC AORTIC-STENOSIS SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE MURPHY VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT PY 1992 VL 86 IS 4 SU S BP 849 EP 849 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JT660 UT WOS:A1992JT66003397 ER PT J AU COHEN, DJ IAKOVIDIS, P BROOKS, B SWAIN, L EVERETT, MM BOYAN, BD AF COHEN, DJ IAKOVIDIS, P BROOKS, B SWAIN, L EVERETT, MM BOYAN, BD TI ASSOCIATION OF A CALCIFIABLE PROTEOLIPID WITH HUMAN BICUSPID AORTIC-VALVE CALCIFICATION SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE MURPHY VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT PY 1992 VL 86 IS 4 SU S BP 850 EP 850 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JT660 UT WOS:A1992JT66003402 ER PT J AU DICKERSON, RN RAJTER, JJ MANZO, CB AF DICKERSON, RN RAJTER, JJ MANZO, CB TI TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION FACILITATES BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION IN NORMAL AND ENDOTOXIN-STRESSED ANIMALS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PHILADELPHIA COLL PHARM & SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RI Dickerson, Roland/C-5185-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 40 IS 3 BP A672 EP A672 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA JQ521 UT WOS:A1992JQ52100146 ER PT J AU LYONS, TJ AF LYONS, TJ TI LIPOPROTEIN GLYCATION AND ITS METABOLIC CONSEQUENCES SO DIABETES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH INTERNATIONAL DIABETES FEDERATION SATELLITE SYMP ON MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS CY JUN 20-22, 1991 CL CHARLESTON, SC SP AMER DIABETES ASSOC ID LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; NON-ENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION; DEPENDENT DIABETIC-PATIENTS; CHOLESTERYL ESTER SYNTHESIS; CULTURED HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; NONENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION; GLUCOSYLATION; DEGRADATION; IDENTIFICATION AB In people with diabetes, glycation of apolipoproteins correlates with other indices of recent glycemic control, including HbA1. For several reasons, increased glycation of apolipoproteins may play a role in the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. Recognition of glycated LDL by the classical LDL receptor is impaired, whereas its uptake by human monocyte-macrophages is enhanced. These alterations may contribute to hyperlipidemia and accelerated foam-cell formation, respectively. Glycation of LDL also enhances its capacity to stimulate platelet aggregation. The uptake of VLDL from diabetic patients by human monocyte-macrophages is enhanced. This enhancement may be due, at least in part, to increased glycation of its lipoproteins. Glycation of HDL impairs its recognition by cells and reduces its effectiveness in reverse cholesterol transport. Glycation of apolipoproteins may also generate free radicals, increasing oxidative damage to the apolipoproteins themselves, the lipids in the particle core, and any neighboring macromolecules. This effect may be most significant in extravasated lipoproteins. In these, increased glycation promotes covalent binding to vascular structural proteins, and oxidative reactions may cause direct damage to the vessel wall. Glycoxidation, or browning, of sequestered lipoproteins may further enhance their atherogenicity. Finally, glycated or glycoxidized lipoproteins may be immunogenic, and lipoprotein-immune complexes are potent stimulators of foam-cell formation. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. RP LYONS, TJ (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV ENDOCRINOL METAB & NUTR,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 35 TC 145 Z9 149 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 1992 VL 41 SU 2 BP 67 EP 73 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JQ020 UT WOS:A1992JQ02000013 PM 1526339 ER PT J AU LOPESVIRELLA, MF VIRELLA, G AF LOPESVIRELLA, MF VIRELLA, G TI IMMUNE-MECHANISMS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN DIABETES-MELLITUS SO DIABETES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH INTERNATIONAL DIABETES FEDERATION SATELLITE SYMP ON MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS CY JUN 20-22, 1991 CL CHARLESTON, SC SP AMER DIABETES ASSOC ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CHOLESTERYL ESTER SYNTHESIS; FC RECEPTOR; HUMAN-BLOOD; RED-CELLS; COMPLEXES; INTERLEUKIN-1 AB It was recently proposed that the increased levels of modified lipoproteins in diabetic patients may be responsible for the accelerated development of macrovascular complications associated with the disease. Modified lipoproteins are believed to induce the transformation of macrophages into foam cells and, in some cases, to induce endothelial cell damage. In addition, modified lipoproteins trigger an immune response leading to the formation of antibodies and then to the formation of LDL-containing immune complexes. In this review, we summarize the evidence linking LDL glycation and oxidation with intracellular accumulation of cholesterol esters and foam-cell formation, and we discuss their potential for inducing an autoimmune response and the formation of lipoprotein-containing immune complexes. The formation of LDL-ICs seems particularly significant, because these ICs are avidly taken up by macrophages through their F(c) receptors and induce not only massive intracellular accumulation of CE but also a paradoxical increase in LDL-receptor expression. Our experimental data suggest that the uptake of LDL-IC is facilitated by RBC adsorption, in agreement with the role of RBC in the adsorption of circulating IC and their delivery to phagocytic cells. In addition, macrophages are activated when ingesting LDL-IC and release IL-1beta and TNF-alpha which can contribute to the initiation and progression of an atheromatous lesion by several mechanisms. Although it is difficult to envisage how LDL-IC could initiate an endothelial lesion, it is easy to speculate about their role as cofactors in the initiation and progression of the atherosclerotic process. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP LOPESVIRELLA, MF (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL METAB & NUTR,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 47 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 1992 VL 41 SU 2 BP 86 EP 91 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JQ020 UT WOS:A1992JQ02000017 PM 1526343 ER PT J AU GISINGER, C LOPESVIRELLA, MF AF GISINGER, C LOPESVIRELLA, MF TI LIPOPROTEIN-IMMUNE COMPLEXES AND DIABETIC VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS SO DIABETES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH INTERNATIONAL DIABETES FEDERATION SATELLITE SYMP ON MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS CY JUN 20-22, 1991 CL CHARLESTON, SC SP AMER DIABETES ASSOC ID MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; AUTOANTIBODIES; METABOLISM; ANTIBODIES; INVIVO AB In earlier studies, we showed that incubation of HMM with LDL IC led to cellular CE accumulation and to the transformation of macrophages into foam cells. This study demonstrates that the stimulation of macrophages with RBC-LDL-IC also increases the uptake of native LDL, most likely because of an increased LDL receptor number, as shown by Scatchard plot analysis (x-axis intercept 1267 vs. 352 ng LDL/mg protein in control cells). To determine whether the increase in LDL-receptor activity was secondary to a decrease in the macrophage free (nonassociated) cholesterol content, we measured the T-UC and the UC associated with intracellular intact LDL and demonstrated that 50% of the T-UC is associated with intact LDL. UC not associated with LDL (free cholesterol) was lower in LDL-IC-stimulated cells than in control cells. These results suggest that UC associated with nondegraded intracellular LDL is nonregulatory, a conclusion that was also supported by finding increased sterol synthesis (192.8 +/- 22.9 pmol/mg protein vs. 94.8 +/- 11.8) in RBC-LDL-IC-stimulated macrophages. In conclusion, the uptake of RBC-LDL-IC by macrophages led to increased intracellular accumulation of CE and UC, to a decrease in the cell regulatory pool of free cholesterol, and to an increase in LDL-receptor activity. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP GISINGER, C (reprint author), UNIV VIENNA,DEPT INTERNAL MED 3,WAHRINGER GURTEL 18-20,A-1090 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 1992 VL 41 SU 2 BP 92 EP 96 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JQ020 UT WOS:A1992JQ02000018 PM 1526344 ER PT J AU KLEIN, RL WOHLTMANN, HJ LOPESVIRELLA, MF AF KLEIN, RL WOHLTMANN, HJ LOPESVIRELLA, MF TI INFLUENCE OF GLYCEMIC CONTROL ON INTERACTION OF VERY-LOW-DENSITY AND LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS ISOLATED FROM TYPE-I DIABETIC-PATIENTS WITH HUMAN MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID CHOLESTERYL ESTER SYNTHESIS; METABOLIC CONTROL; MELLITUS; PLASMA; GLYCOSYLATION; DEGRADATION; BINDING; SURFACE; THERAPY AB The VLDL and LDL tractions were isolated from 29 patients with type 1 diabetes at the time of admission to the hospital to restore glycemic control and again at discharge. These lipoprotein fractions were incubated with human monocyte-derived macrophages, and the rates of macrophage CE synthesis were determined. The rates of CE synthesis in human macrophages were significantly greater (P < 0.005) when incubated with VLDL isolated from type I diabetic patients before compared with after glycemic control was attained and averaged 1.84 +/- 0.52 and 1.09 +/- 0.27 nmol (1.20 +/- 0.34 and 0.71 +/- 0.18-mu-g) [C-14]cholesteryl oleate synthesized mg cell protein-1 . 20 h-1 respectively In contrast, when LDL isolated from the same patient during the same period was incubated with human macrophages, the rates of cellular cholesteryl ester synthesis did not differ significantly and averaged 4.23 +/- 1.26 and 3.91 +/- 0.96 nmol (2.75 +/- 0.82 and 2.55 +/- 0.63-mu-g) [C-14]cholesteryl oleate synthesized mg-1 cell protein . 20 h-1, respectively There was a significant increase in the total cholesterol content of VLDL isolated before glycemic control compared with that isolated after glycemic control was attained (P < 0.05) resulting from a significant increase in the FC and CE (P < 0.05) contents of these VLDL particles. There was a significant decrease in the ratio of FC to PL in VLDL, but not LDL, isolated after glycemic control (P < 0.05). The percentage of apoE in VLDL was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after glycemic control was attained. In LDL isolated after glycemic control was achieved, a significant decrease (P < 0.005) in the percentage ot triglycerides was observed. In addition, there was a significant decrease (P < 0.0001) in the extent of glycation of LDL isolated after glycemic control. These studies suggest that during periods of poor glycemic control, the composition of VLDL isolated from type 1 diabetic patients is altered. These modified VLDLs stimulate CE synthesis rates in human macrophages and, thus, may contribute to the increased prevalence of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PEDIAT,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP KLEIN, RL (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV 151,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 1992 VL 41 IS 10 BP 1301 EP 1307 DI 10.2337/diabetes.41.10.1301 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JP475 UT WOS:A1992JP47500011 PM 1397704 ER PT J AU LAIRSON, DR PUGH, JA KAPADIA, AS LORIMOR, RJ JACOBSON, J VELEZ, R AF LAIRSON, DR PUGH, JA KAPADIA, AS LORIMOR, RJ JACOBSON, J VELEZ, R TI COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS FOR DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY SCREENING SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article AB OBJECTIVE - To assess from the perspectives of a government delivery system and patients, the cost-effectiveness of the 45-degree retinal camera compared to the standard ophthalmologists exam and an ophthalmic exam by a physician's assistant or nurse practitioner technician, for detecting nonproliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Comparison of 45-degree fundus photographs with and without pharmacological pupil dilation taken by technicians and interpreted by experts, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy by ophthalmologists, and direct ophthalmoscopy by technicians with seven-field stereoscopic fundus photography (reference standard). Costs were estimated from market prices and actual resource use. The study included 352 patients attending outpatient diabetes and general-medicine clinics at VA and DOD facilities. RESULTS - Medical system costs per true positive were: 45-degree photos with dilation, $295; 45-degree photos without dilation, $378; ophthalmologist, $390; and technician, $794. Patient costs per true positive were: 45-degree photos with dilation, $139; 45-degree photos without dilation, $171; ophthalmologist, $306; and technician, $1009. Cost-effectiveness is sensitive to program size due to high fixed cost of the camera methods but not to prevalence. Cost-effectiveness of the technician exam is strongly affected by its sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS - Primary-care screening with retinal photographs through pharmacologically dilated pupils for diabetic retinopathy is an appropriate and cost-effective alternative to screening by an ophthalmologist in this setting. Ophthalmologists are scarce, primary-care physicians are extremely busy, and large clinics allow fixed equipment costs to be spread across many patients. C1 USAF,WILFORD HALL MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP LAIRSON, DR (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH PUBL HLTH,POB 20186,HOUSTON,TX 77225, USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X NR 21 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD OCT PY 1992 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1369 EP 1377 DI 10.2337/diacare.15.10.1369 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JP726 UT WOS:A1992JP72600021 PM 1425103 ER PT J AU DEVI, BG HENDERSON, GI SCHENKER, S AF DEVI, BG HENDERSON, GI SCHENKER, S TI EFFECT OF ETHANOL ON MITOCHONDRIAL MORPHOLOGIC AND BIOCHEMICAL INTEGRITY OF RAT FETAL HEPATOCYTES IN CULTURE SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP A109 EP A109 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JR380 UT WOS:A1992JR38000259 ER PT J AU DEVI, BG SCHENKER, S HENDERSON, GI AF DEVI, BG SCHENKER, S HENDERSON, GI TI PROTECTION OF RAT FETAL HEPATOCYTE MEMBRANES FROM ETHANOL-MEDIATED CELL INJURY AND GROWTH IMPAIRMENT SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP A109 EP A109 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JR380 UT WOS:A1992JR38000257 ER PT J AU SPEEG, KV MALDONADO, AL RABITO, FG SLAHETKA, MF AF SPEEG, KV MALDONADO, AL RABITO, FG SLAHETKA, MF TI ERYTHROMYCIN INHIBITS THE LIVER AND KIDNEY MULTIDRUG TRANSPORTERS IN THE RAT AND VARIABLY INHIBITS COLCHICINE CLEARANCE IN MAN SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP A162 EP A162 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JR380 UT WOS:A1992JR38000470 ER PT J AU YAGER, J AF YAGER, J TI REFLECTIONS ON MODERN PSYCHIATRY - KUPFER,DJ SO HOSPITAL AND COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Book Review C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP YAGER, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0022-1597 J9 HOSP COMMUNITY PSYCH PD OCT PY 1992 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1048 EP 1048 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA JR217 UT WOS:A1992JR21700034 ER PT J AU HENRICSON, BE PERERA, PY QURESHI, N TAKAYAMA, K VOGEL, SN AF HENRICSON, BE PERERA, PY QURESHI, N TAKAYAMA, K VOGEL, SN TI RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES LIPID-A DERIVATIVES BLOCK INVITRO INDUCTION OF TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR AND ENDOTOXIN TOLERANCE BY SMOOTH LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND MONOPHOSPHORYL LIPID-A SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACIDS; NONTOXIC LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ATCC-17023; PURIFICATION; MACROPHAGES AB Rhodopseudomonas (Rhodobacter) sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A is a relatively inert species of lipid A but has been shown to antagonize the effects of toxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both in vivo and in vitro. The antagonist and its monophosphoryl derivative were examined for the ability to block tumor necrosis factor synthesis and reverse tolerance induction in vitro in macrophage cultures stimulated with bioactive preparations of smooth LPS, rough LPS, diphosphoryl lipid A, and monophosphoryl lipid A. Inhibition of agonist activity and reversal of tolerance by these novel penta-acylated lipid A antagonists provides new insight into macrophage-LPS interactions. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT MICROBIOL, 4301 JONES BRIDGE RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MYCOBACTERIOL RES LAB, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, COLL AGR & LIFE SCI, DEPT BACTERIOL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-36054] NR 34 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 60 IS 10 BP 4285 EP 4290 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JP779 UT WOS:A1992JP77900042 PM 1398939 ER PT J AU KLEIN, BS SONDEL, PM JONES, JM AF KLEIN, BS SONDEL, PM JONES, JM TI WI-1, A NOVEL 120-KILODALTON SURFACE PROTEIN ON BLASTOMYCES-DERMATITIDIS YEAST-CELLS, IS A TARGET ANTIGEN OF CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY IN HUMAN BLASTOMYCOSIS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; TRANSFER PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; LYMPHOCYTE-T CLONES; PULMONARY BLASTOMYCOSIS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; INFECTION; MACROPHAGES; INVITRO; RECOGNITION; REACTIVITY AB A large body of experimental data has demonstrated the central role of T cells in acquired resistance to the dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis. We examined the human T-cell response to WI-1, a 120-kDa B. dermatitidis yeast cell surface protein recently shown to be an immunodominant antigen of the B-cell response in infected humans. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 10 blastomycosis patients studied proliferated in response to WI-1 (mean, 19,431 cpm) and to the standard, crude cell wall antigen, Blastomyces alkali- and water-soluble antigen (B-ASWS) (mean, 19,131 cpm); lymphocytes from 10 histoplasmosis patients and 10 normal control subjects did not respond to WI-1. WI-1 stimulation of patient lymphocytes and rechallenge with WI-1 or B-ASWS showed that the antigens share immunodominant epitopes. Of 100 WI-1-responsive T-cell clones derived from peripheral blood, 10 were studied in detail to assess the phenotype, function, and ligands recognized. The clones exhibit the CD3+ CD4+ phenotype of helper T cells; 2 of 10 clones (and 21% of antigen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes) use the Vbeta8 T-cell receptor gene element to respond to WI-1. All the clones proliferate in response to both WI-1 and B-ASWS but not other fungal antigens, and some mediate potent cytolytic effects on WI-1- and B-ASWS-labeled targets. WI-1 recognition requires antigen processing and presentation of epitopes in association with HLA-DR (to noncytolytic clones) and HLA-DP (to cytolytic clones). From these findings, we conclude that CD4+ T cells with regulatory and cytolytic properties are involved in the development of acquired resistance to B. dermatitidis, that the cells are directed against WI-1, and that the manner of display of WI-1 peptide epitopes in conjunction with major histocompatibility complex class II may influence the profile of the immune response. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,INFECT DIS SECT,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT HUMAN ONCOL,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,HEMATOL & ONCOL SECT,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. RP KLEIN, BS (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-32685]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-00905] NR 53 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 60 IS 10 BP 4291 EP 4300 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JP779 UT WOS:A1992JP77900043 PM 1383148 ER PT J AU RANK, RG RAMSEY, KH PACK, EA WILLIAMS, DM AF RANK, RG RAMSEY, KH PACK, EA WILLIAMS, DM TI EFFECT OF GAMMA-INTERFERON ON RESOLUTION OF MURINE CHLAMYDIAL GENITAL-INFECTION SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; FEMALE GUINEA-PIGS; ROLE INVIVO; TRACHOMATIS; IMMUNITY; MICE; INHIBITION AB Mice infected in the genital tract with the Chlamydia trachomatis agent of mouse pneumonitis were treated with monoclonal rat anti-gamma interferon (anti-IFN-gamma) antibody to determine whether IFN-gamma participated in the resolution of the infection. In two experiments, anti-IFN-gamma antibody treatment resulted in significantly prolonged infections. In support of these data, passive administration of recombinant IFN-gamma to chronically infected nu/nu mice was able to bring about resolution of the infection in some animals. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP RANK, RG (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R15 AI037807, R15 AI037807-01A1, AI26328] NR 15 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 60 IS 10 BP 4427 EP 4429 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JP779 UT WOS:A1992JP77900062 PM 1398955 ER PT J AU KATZ, MS GUTIERREZ, GE MUNDY, GR HYMER, TK CAULFIELD, MP MCKEE, RL AF KATZ, MS GUTIERREZ, GE MUNDY, GR HYMER, TK CAULFIELD, MP MCKEE, RL TI TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR AND INTERLEUKIN-1 INHIBIT PARATHYROID HORMONE-RESPONSIVE ADENYLATE-CYCLASE IN CLONAL OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS BY DOWN-REGULATING PARATHYROID-HORMONE RECEPTORS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTORS; EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; COLONY STIMULATING ACTIVITY; FACTOR-ALPHA; OSTEOSARCOMA CELLS; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; BONE-RESORPTION; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; CAMP PRODUCTION AB The effects of the monokines tumor necrosis factor a (TNF) and interleukin 1 (IL 1) on parathyroid hormone (PTH)-responsive adenylate cyclase were examined in clonal rat osteosarcoma cells (UMR-106) with the osteoblast phenotype. Recombinant TNF and IL 1 incubated with UMR-106 cells for 48 hr each produced concentration-dependent inhibition of PTH-sensitive adenylate cyclase, with maximal inhibition of PTH response (40% for TNF, 24% for IL 1) occuring at 10(-8) M of either monokine. Both monokines also decreased adenylate cyclase stimulation by the tumor-derived PTH-related protein (PTHrP). In contrast, TNF and IL 1 had little or no inhibitory effect on receptor-mediated stimulation of adenylate cyclase by isoproterenol and nonreceptor-mediated enzyme activation by cholera toxin and forskolin; both monokines increased prostaglandin E2 stimulation of adenylate cyclase. Binding of the radioiodinated agonist mono-[I-125]-[Nle8,18, Tyr34]bPTH-(1-34)NH2 to UMR-106 cells in the presence of increasing concentrations of unlabeled [Nle8,18, Tyr34]bPTH-(1-34)NH2 revealed a decline in PTH receptor density (B(max)) without change in receptor binding affinity (dissociation constant, K(d)) after treatment with TNF or IL 1. Pertussis toxin increased PTH-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity but did not attenuate monokine-induced inhibition of PTH response. In time course studies, brief (1 hr) exposure of cells to TNF or IL 1 during early culture was sufficient to decrease PTH response but only after exposed cells were subsequently allowed to grow for prolonged periods. Inhibition of PTH response by monokines was blocked by cycloheximide. The results indicate that TNF and IL 1 impair responsiveness to PTH (and PTHrP) by a time- and protein synthesis-dependent down-regulation of PTH receptors linked to adenylate cyclase. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,PARATHYROID HORMONE RES LAB,W POINT,PA 19486. RP KATZ, MS (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR & GERONTOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIADDK NIH HHS [AM-28149] NR 39 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 153 IS 1 BP 206 EP 213 DI 10.1002/jcp.1041530125 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA JP455 UT WOS:A1992JP45500024 PM 1325978 ER PT J AU HAMMOND, TG MAJEWSKI, R AF HAMMOND, TG MAJEWSKI, R TI ANALYSIS AND ISOLATION OF RENAL TUBULAR CELLS BY FLOW-CYTOMETRY SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Note ID KIDNEY PROXIMAL TUBULE; BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; NEPHRON; LOCALIZATION; CORTEX; KALLIKREIN; CULTURE; ENZYMES AB The cells of the renal cortex have rich heterogeneity of structure and function. Flow cytometry, the technique of rapid laser-based single cell analysis, can give information about cellular mixtures not obtainable by any other means. We examined a variety of fluorescent markers to identify populations of renal cells by flow cytometry. Cellular digests of rat cortex were fluorescently stained with either enzymatic activity probes, or polyclonal antibodies. Fluorescent staining for the proximal marker gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (tau-GT) was an order of magnitude brighter than autofluorescence, and stained 71 +/- 11% of the cells. Second, we colocalized enzymatic and antibody markers. There was tight colocalization of tau-GT enzyme activity, detected with fluorogenic substrates, with specific surface binding of tau-GT antibodies. Third, populations of fluorescently labelled cells can be rapidly isolated by flow cytometry sorting. Flow cytometry sorting isolated 10(7) cells positive for the proximal tubular marker tau-GT in a little under one hour. The sorted cells were viable with 99 +/- 2% trypan blue exclusion (N = 8). Sodium-dependent phloridzin-inhibitable glucose uptake was present in sorted cells, with greater uptake/mg protein than in unsorted controls. The sorted cells grew in culture as a monolayer of tightly adherent cuboidal cells. Hence, flow cytometry allows us to quantitate the heterogeneity in mixed renal cellular digests. Flow cytometry allows us to rapidly isolate millions of cells according to fluorescently tagged markers. The isolated cells are viable, retain sodium-dependent transport properties, and grow in culture. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CELL BIOL LAB,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP HAMMOND, TG (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,CTR CLIN SCI H4510,DEPT MED,NEPHROL SECT,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 42 IS 4 BP 997 EP 1005 DI 10.1038/ki.1992.379 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JN529 UT WOS:A1992JN52900023 PM 1360553 ER PT J AU HARMS, BA ANDERSEN, AB STARLING, JR FISCHER, JE BACKER, J MICHELASSI, F AF HARMS, BA ANDERSEN, AB STARLING, JR FISCHER, JE BACKER, J MICHELASSI, F TI THE W-ILEAL RESERVOIR - LONG-TERM ASSESSMENT AFTER PROCTOCOLECTOMY FOR ULCERATIVE-COLITIS AND FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS SO SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE CENTRAL SURGICAL ASSOC CY MAR 05-07, 1992 CL MADISON, WI SP CENT SURG ASSOC ID POUCH-ANAL ANASTOMOSIS; RESTORATIVE PROCTOCOLECTOMY; MUCOSAL PROCTECTOMY; COLECTOMY AB Background. This report examines the viability of the W reservoir as a reliable option for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and familial polyposis and studies W reservoir adaptation as reflected by changes in compliance and stool frequency. Methods. Since 1984, 109 patients have undergone proctocolectomy with W reservoir reconstruction. Ileal reservoir static compliance was measured in 70 and 57 patients at 2 and 12 months after ileostomy takedown and in 25 patients at 3 years. Compliance was calculated as the change in volume over change in pressure. Results. Twenty-four-hour stool frequency decreased from 7.3 +/- 0.2 at 2 months to 4.9 +/- 0.2 at 1 year for patients with ulcerative colitis and from 6.3 +/- 0.4 to 3.4 +/- 0.4 for patients with familial polyposis (p less-than-or-equal-to 0.05). Compliance increased from 12.7 +/- 0.6 ml/mm Hg to 14.3 +/- 0.6 ml/mm Hg between 2 months and 1 year. No significant increase in compliance occurred after 1 year. Ninety-six percent of patients were continent during the day at 12 months although 10% experienced occasional minor leakage at night. Average postoperative morbidity (for example, small-bowel obstruction, anastomotic complications) was 35%. No operative deaths, pelvic sepsis, or reservoir loss occurred. Conclusions. We conclude that W ileal reservoirs (1) are an excellent option for ileal reservoir reconstruction, (2) have optimal functional and compliance properties versus lower capacity designs and straight ileoanal pull-through procedures, and (3) maintain stable compliance characteristics and functional reservoir volume after the initial year of adaptation. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SURG SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,DEPT SURG,CINCINNATI,OH 45267. RP HARMS, BA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP,DEPT SURG,H4-740,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD OCT PY 1992 VL 112 IS 4 BP 638 EP 648 PG 11 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA JR111 UT WOS:A1992JR11100005 PM 1329244 ER PT J AU OH, Y MATALON, S KLEYMAN, TR BENOS, DJ AF OH, Y MATALON, S KLEYMAN, TR BENOS, DJ TI BIOCHEMICAL-EVIDENCE FOR THE PRESENCE OF AN AMILORIDE BINDING-PROTEIN IN ADULT ALVEOLAR TYPE-II PNEUMOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BLADDER MEMBRANE-VESICLES; EPITHELIAL SODIUM-CHANNEL; ISOLATED RAT LUNG; ION-TRANSPORT; NA+ CHANNELS; CELLS; LOCALIZATION; ANTIBODIES; ANALOGS; ABSORPTION AB An amiloride binding protein in adult rat and rabbit alveolar type II (ATII) cells was characterized using three different antibodies against epithelial Na+ channel proteins. We found that 1) polyclonal antibodies raised against epithelial Na+ channel proteins from bovine kidney cross-react with a 135-kDa protein in ATII membrane vesicles on Western blots; 2) using the photoreactive amiloride analog, 2'-methoxy-5'-nitrobenzamil (NMBA), in combination with anti-amiloride antibodies, we found that NMBA specifically labeled the same M(r) protein; and 3) monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies directed against anti-amiloride antibodies also recognized this same M(r) protein on Western blots. We also demonstrated a low benzamil affinity binding site (apparent K(d) = 370 nM) in rabbit ATII cell membranes and both high and low benzamil affinity binding sites (apparent K(d) = 6 nM and 230 nM) in bovine kidney membranes using [H-3]Br-benzamil as a ligand. Pharmacological inhibitory profiles for displacing bound [H-3]Br-benzamil were also different between ATII cells and bovine kidneys. These observations indicate that adult ATII pneumocytes express a population of epithelial Na+ channels having a low affinity to benzamil and amiloride and a pharmacological inhibitory profile different from that in bovine kidney. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PEDIAT,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-31197]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-37206] NR 41 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 26 BP 18498 EP 18504 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JN502 UT WOS:A1992JN50200042 PM 1326526 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, TL AF WRIGHT, TL TI CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B AND HEPATITIS-C - WHAT IS THE STATUS OF DRUG-THERAPY SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-INTERFERON THERAPY; CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE INTERFERON; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CHRONIC NON-A; VIRUS-INFECTION; ALFA THERAPY; GAMMA-INTERFERON; BETA-INTERFERON AB Chronic hepatitis remains difficult to treat. Use of interferon has been successful against both hepatitis B and C viruses, but the outcome of long-term administration has yet to be determined. Not all patients respond to interferon, however, and some have side effects that cause them to discontinue therapy. Dr Wright discusses the results of studies to evaluate therapy with alpha, beta, and gamma interferon as well as with other agents, such as ribavirin, thymosin, and ursodeoxycholic acid. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL & HEPATOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP WRIGHT, TL (reprint author), SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL 111B,4150 CLEMENT ST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121, USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 0032-5481 J9 POSTGRAD MED JI Postgrad. Med. PD SEP 15 PY 1992 VL 92 IS 4 BP 75 EP 80 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JP735 UT WOS:A1992JP73500008 PM 1382288 ER PT J AU FARBER, NJ DAVIS, EB ROBINSON, EJ WEINER, J BOYER, EG AF FARBER, NJ DAVIS, EB ROBINSON, EJ WEINER, J BOYER, EG TI STUDENTS ATTITUDES TOWARD INFORMED CONSENT AND THE PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP IN REGARD TO HUMAN TISSUE RESEARCH SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Note C1 MED COLL PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. ST JOSEPHS UNIV,DEPT MANAGEMENT & INFORMAT SYST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19131. MINOT STATE UNIV,COLL BUSINESS,MINOT,ND. DREXEL UNIV,DEPT MANAGEMENT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP FARBER, NJ (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,GEN MED SECT,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 67 IS 9 BP 612 EP 613 DI 10.1097/00001888-199209000-00018 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA JP883 UT WOS:A1992JP88300021 PM 1520425 ER PT J AU RAEHL, CL PITTERLE, ME BOND, CA AF RAEHL, CL PITTERLE, ME BOND, CA TI LEGAL STATUS AND FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL-BASED PHARMACY TECHNICIANS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO CLINICAL PHARMACY SERVICES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE JOB DESCRIPTION; LAWS; PERSONNEL, PHARMACY; PHARMACEUTICAL CARE; PHARMACISTS, HOSPITAL; PHARMACY, INSTITUTIONAL, HOSPITAL; REGULATIONS; STATES; UNITED-STATES AB The relationships among (1) laws and regulations governing hospital-based pharmacy technicians, (2) functions pharmacy technicians perform, and (3) pharmacists' provision of clinical pharmacy services were studied. A state-level technician-restriction score was developed, based on state rules and regulations in effect in 1989. Scoring included (1) type of supervision required for hospital-based pharmacy technicians, (2) ratio of technicians to pharmacists, (3) pharmacist-only reconstitution of injectable products, and (4) pharmacist-only counting and pouring. Actual use of hospital pharmacy technicians was measured with the technician-use index, and overall provision of clinical pharmacy services was measured with the pharmaceutical-care index. Based on the technician-restriction scores, 25 states and the District of Columbia were categorized as having less restrictive laws and 25 states as having more restrictive laws. Technician use varied with hospital size, teaching affiliation, ownership, type of drug delivery system, and education level of the director of pharmacy. Use of pharmacy technicians increased with the severity of hospital-patient illness treated. A fair correlation was found between the pharmaceutical-care index and the technician-use index. A positive association was found between pharmacy technician use and pharmacists' provision of clinical pharmacy services. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,ARRHYTHMIA CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. RP RAEHL, CL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH PHARM,425 N CHARTER ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 49 IS 9 BP 2179 EP 2187 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JL261 UT WOS:A1992JL26100014 PM 1524058 ER PT J AU PITTERLE, ME BOND, CA RAEHL, CL AF PITTERLE, ME BOND, CA RAEHL, CL TI PHARMACEUTICAL-CARE INDEX FOR MEASURING COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Note C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH PHARM,425 N CHARTER ST,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,SCH MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,ARRHYTHMIA CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 49 IS 9 BP 2226 EP 2229 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JL261 UT WOS:A1992JL26100024 PM 1524067 ER PT J AU WEN, SF PARTHASARATHY, R ILIOPOULOS, O OBERLEY, TD AF WEN, SF PARTHASARATHY, R ILIOPOULOS, O OBERLEY, TD TI ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE FOLLOWING BINGE DRINKING AND NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE ACUTE RENAL FAILURE; BACK PAIN; ALCOHOL; BINGE DRINKING; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; PROSTAGLANDIN ID ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; INDOMETHACIN; ANGIOTENSIN; PROSTAGLANDINS; ULTRAFILTRATION; PROTEINURIA; ARTERIOLES; NECROSIS; DISEASE C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PATHOL SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 32 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 281 EP 285 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JN139 UT WOS:A1992JN13900012 PM 1519610 ER PT J AU KRAUT, JA HART, D NORD, EP AF KRAUT, JA HART, D NORD, EP TI BASOLATERAL NA+-INDEPENDENT CL--HCO3- EXCHANGE IN PRIMARY CULTURES OF RAT IMCD CELLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CHLORIDE-BICARBONATE ION EXCHANGE; INNER MEDULLARY COLLECTING DUCT CELL; INTRACELLULAR PH; SODIUM INDEPENDENCE ID MEDULLARY COLLECTING DUCT; KIDNEY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE; INTRACELLULAR PH; CL-HCO3 EXCHANGE; CYTOPLASMIC-PH; H+ SECRETION; MEMBRANE; ANTIPORT; MECHANISM AB The role of anion exchange in the regulation of intracellular pH (pH(i)) under base load and steady-state conditions was investigated in confluent monolayers of rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells in primary culture using the pH-sensitive fluoroprobe 2,7-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6')-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). Recovery of pH(i) after imposition of a base load induced either by replacement of HCO3-/CO2 by N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) at the same extracellular pH (pH(O)) or deletion of Cl- from a HCO3-/CO2-buffered solution had an absolute requirement for Cl-, was Na+ independent, and was inhibited approximately 90% by 50 muM 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS). When pH(O) was decreased by lowering HCO3- concentration in the constant presence of 5% CO2, the rate of decrement in pH(i) was significantly blunted in the absence of Cl-. Imposition of a positive or negative diffusion potential of equal but opposite magnitude did not modify the anion exchange rate, confirming the electroneutrality of the process. Under steady-state conditions, pH(i) of cells bathed in a HCO3-/CO2-buffered solution was 7.33 +/- 0.06, significantly lower than that of cells bathed in a nominally HCO3-/CO2-free buffer (7.50 +/- 0.04), indicating that under physiological conditions the pathway functions as a base extruder. In studies performed on cells grown on permeable supports, the anion exchange pathway was found to be confined exclusively to the basolateral-equivalent cell surface. In summary, confluent monolayers of rat IMCD cells in primary culture possess a Na+-independent, DIDS-inhibitable electroneutral Cl--HCO3- exchange pathway that is confined to the basolateral cell surface. The transporter is an important determinant of steady-state pH(i) and is the predominant mechanism whereby the cell recovers from imposed elevations in pH(i). C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED & RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. SUNY STONY BROOK,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41585, DK-36351] NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 263 IS 3 BP F401 EP F410 PN 2 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JP902 UT WOS:A1992JP90200100 PM 1415568 ER PT J AU MOLITORIS, BA DAHL, R GEERDES, A AF MOLITORIS, BA DAHL, R GEERDES, A TI CYTOSKELETON DISRUPTION AND APICAL REDISTRIBUTION OF PROXIMAL TUBULE NA+-K+-ATPASE DURING ISCHEMIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACTIN; FODRIN; UVOMORULIN; MEMBRANE FLUIDITY; 1,6-DIPHENYL-1,3,5-HEXATRIENE POLARIZATION ID RENAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES; EPITHELIAL-CELL POLARITY; CORTICAL BRUSH-BORDER; IMMUNOFERRITIN DETERMINATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANES; FODRIN; NA+,K+-ATPASE; MAINTENANCE; CHOLESTEROL; MECHANISM AB The polar distribution of Na+-K+-ATPase to the basolateral membrane of proximal tubule cells is essential for the efficient and vectorial reabsorption of Na+ and may be dependent on the formation of a metabolically stable, detergent-insoluble complex of Na-K+-ATPase with the actin membrane cytoskeleton. The present studies utilized immunocytochemical techniques to demonstrate and quantify the apical redistribution of Na+-K+-ATPase during mild ischemia (15 min) that occurred in proximal (1.3 +/- 0.9 vs. 4.5 +/- 1.1 particles/100 mum surface membrane, P < 0.01) but not distal tubule cells. Treatment of control apical membranes with 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl 8-(cis-2-n-octylcyclopropyl) octanoate (A2C), a fluidizing agent, markedly increased membrane fluidity without any effect on Na+-K+-ATPase activity. In brush-border membrane vesicles isolated after ischemia, however, A2C further increased an already elevated Na-K+-ATPase activity. During ischemia, total cellular Na+-K+-ATPase activity remained unaltered, but the Triton X-100-soluble (noncytoskeleton associated) fraction of Na+-K+-ATPase increased significantly following 15 and 30 min. There was a corresponding decrease in the Triton X-100-insoluble fraction of Na+-K+-ATPase, with the ratio of detergent-soluble to -insoluble Na+-K+-ATPase increasing from 13 +/- 2 to 32 +/- 5% (P < 0.01) during 30 min of ischemia. Western blot analysis of the Triton X-100-soluble fraction, following 30 min of ischemic injury, revealed the presence of Na+-K+-ATPase, actin, fodrin, and uvomorulin. However, in a fraction highly enriched for Na+-K+-ATPase, neither actin, fodrin, nor uvomorulin was detected. Taken together, these data suggest that in proximal tubule cells, as in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, Na+-K+-ATPase exists primarily in a cytoskeletal-associated form. During ischemic injury, the actin cytoskeleton is disrupted, and Na+-K+-ATPase dissociates from the actin cortical cytoskeleton and is then free to redistribute to the apical membrane in proximal but not distal tubule cells. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL,DENVER,CO 80220. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80220. RP MOLITORIS, BA (reprint author), DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,111C 1055 CLERMONT ST,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41126] NR 29 TC 124 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 263 IS 3 BP F488 EP F495 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JP902 UT WOS:A1992JP90200111 PM 1329535 ER PT J AU LEUNG, FW SU, KC PASSARO, E GUTH, PH AF LEUNG, FW SU, KC PASSARO, E GUTH, PH TI REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN GUT BLOOD-FLOW AND MUCOSAL DAMAGE IN RESPONSE TO ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE REFLECTANCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; XANTHINE OXIDASE; SMALL INTESTINAL BLOOD FLOW; COLON BLOOD FLOW ID ENDOSCOPIC REFLECTANCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; INDUCED GASTRIC-LESIONS; XANTHINE-OXIDASE; SMALL-INTESTINE; RADICALS; INJURY; RAT; INFLAMMATION; HEMODYNAMICS; ULCER AB Ischemia and reperfusion of the small intestine and colon in rats were produced by reversible occlusion (for 30 min and 1 or 3 h) of the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta above the inferior mesenteric artery. Despite a greater reduction of mucosal perfusion in the colon than in the small intestine with 30 min of ischemia, the depth of mucosal damage was significantly smaller in the former than in the latter. Thirty minutes of ischemia followed by 1 h of reperfusion induced an increase in polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in both locations. Exacerbation of mucosal injury occurred only in the small intestine, suggesting that reperfusion injury is independent of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. Reperfusion after 1 or 3 h of ischemia did not exacerbate mucosal damage in either location. Allopurinol significantly diminished the exacerbation of injury after reperfusion in the small intestine. The protective effect of allopurinol, however, was neither associated with an improvement in perfusion nor a reduction in polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. These data indicate that there is a window (30 min) of reperfusion injury in the small intestine, but there is no evidence of reperfusion injury in the colon. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR ULCER RES & EDUC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP LEUNG, FW (reprint author), SEPULVEDA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL,16111 PLUMMER ST,SEPULVEDA,CA 91343, USA. NR 26 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 263 IS 3 BP G301 EP G305 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JP901 UT WOS:A1992JP90100051 PM 1415542 ER PT J AU TALAL, N FLESCHER, E DANG, H AF TALAL, N FLESCHER, E DANG, H TI EVIDENCE FOR POSSIBLE RETROVIRAL INVOLVEMENT IN AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; MAMMARY-TUMOR VIRUS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; T-CELLS; LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ANTIBODIES; INHIBITION; INFECTION; DELETION; PEPTIDE C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP TALAL, N (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [1R01 DE90311-01] NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 0003-4738 J9 ANN ALLERGY JI Ann. Allergy PD SEP PY 1992 VL 69 IS 3 BP 221 EP 224 PG 4 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA JP903 UT WOS:A1992JP90300012 PM 1326239 ER PT J AU PFALLER, MA DUPONT, B KOBAYASHI, GS MULLER, J RINALDI, MG ESPINELINGROFF, A SHADOMY, S TROKE, PF WALSH, TJ WARNOCK, DW AF PFALLER, MA DUPONT, B KOBAYASHI, GS MULLER, J RINALDI, MG ESPINELINGROFF, A SHADOMY, S TROKE, PF WALSH, TJ WARNOCK, DW TI STANDARDIZED SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING OF FLUCONAZOLE - AN INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; TRIAZOLES; IMIDAZOLE; INVITRO AB An international collaborative study of broth dilution (MIC) and disk diffusion susceptibility testing of fluconazole was conducted by using a chemically defined medium (High-Resolution Antifungal Assay Medium; Oxoid Ltd., Basingstoke, United Kingdom) and standard test methods performed in eight reference laboratories. Ten yeast isolates were tested by each test method in duplicate on each of 3 separate days. The intralaboratory reproducibility of the MIC test was excellent; 95.7% of the replicate tests (n = 220) were within 2 doubling dilutions of the other values in the set for the eight laboratories. The intralaboratory reproducibility of the disk test was also good, with 91% of the replicate tests (n = 234) agreeing with each other within an arbitrarily chosen value of 4 mm. Interlaboratory agreement of MIC test results was acceptable, with 84% of the MICs agreeing within 2 doubling dilutions. In contrast, the interlaboratory agreement of the disk test was not good, with only 59% of test results agreeing within 4 mm. Comparison of the rank order of MICs obtained in each laboratory with the reference rank order gave an agreement of 70 to 80% (median, 80%) with the MIC test and 70 to 90% (median, 80%) with the disk test. These preliminary results are encouraging for the development of standardized testing methods for testing fluconazole. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DIV LAB MED,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,DEPT MED,RICHMOND,VA 23298. BRISTOL ROYAL INFIRM & GEN HOSP,DEPT MICROBIOL,REG MYCOL LAB,BRISTOL BS2 8HW,AVON,ENGLAND. HOSP INST PASTEUR,F-75015 PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV FREIBURG,INST MED MICROBIOL & HYG,MYCOL SECT,W-7800 FREIBURG,GERMANY. PFIZER LTD,SANDWICH,ENGLAND. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PFALLER, MA (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. NR 30 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 36 IS 9 BP 1805 EP 1809 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JM247 UT WOS:A1992JM24700002 PM 1416871 ER PT J AU EISEMAN, B AF EISEMAN, B TI THE PUZZLE PEOPLE - MEMOIRS OF A TRANSPLANT SURGEON SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 DENVER VET AFFAIRS HOSP,DENVER,CO. RP EISEMAN, B (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,DENVER,CO 80262, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 127 IS 9 BP 1009 EP 1011 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA JM014 UT WOS:A1992JM01400001 PM 1514901 ER PT J AU BERGAN, JJ WILSON, SE WOLF, G DEUPREE, RH TAYLOR, LM ETHEREDGE, SN TWOMEY, PL BERKOWITZ, H CROSS, A RAMAURTHY, S LITTOOY, F DALSING, M REILLY, K TYTLE, T JACOCKS, A LEVEEN, R PERLOFF, L FIELDS, W GOLDMAN, M SOBEL, M POGANY, A EFFENY, D HARLEY, J ZIERLER, E FORTNER, G STERN, D PETERS, G WHITE, G CRUMMY, AB ACHER, C AF BERGAN, JJ WILSON, SE WOLF, G DEUPREE, RH TAYLOR, LM ETHEREDGE, SN TWOMEY, PL BERKOWITZ, H CROSS, A RAMAURTHY, S LITTOOY, F DALSING, M REILLY, K TYTLE, T JACOCKS, A LEVEEN, R PERLOFF, L FIELDS, W GOLDMAN, M SOBEL, M POGANY, A EFFENY, D HARLEY, J ZIERLER, E FORTNER, G STERN, D PETERS, G WHITE, G CRUMMY, AB ACHER, C TI UNEXPECTED, LATE CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF SURGERY FOR PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID AORTOILIAC OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; AORTIC-ANEURYSM RESECTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; SURGICAL STRESS; CARDIAC RISK; RESPONSES; SURVIVAL; OPERATION; HUMANS AB In reviewing late morbidity of a multicenter clinical trial comparing balloon angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) with bypass surgery for lower-extremity ischemia, an unexpectedly high incidence of adverse systemic events in surgical patients was uncovered. The study was prospective and randomized, and included a total of 263 patients, with follow-up from 2 to 6 years. When end points of related deaths, amputations, and intervention failures were summed, surgery was favored over percutaneous transluminal angioplasty at 4 years. Progression of cardiac and renal dysfunction and mortality differed between groups. A total of 42 deaths were in the group who underwent surgery and 27 in those who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The percentage difference in death rate between the two groups increased each year to reach 10% at 5 years. A significant difference in renal function was noted in nine patients who underwent surgery and zero who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Myocardial infarctions were greater on follow-up of surgical patients. After 6 years, congestive heart failure had occurred in 19 patients who underwent surgery and eight who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The trends in this study of patients with only moderately severe peripheral arterial disease suggest an increased rate of deterioration of cardiac and renal function in patients who have arterial operations. In surgical patients, mortality was 13.1% per year, whereas it was 8.4% for patients treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Future intervention studies should include long-term follow-up of such cardiovascular events. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA. VET ADM MED CTR BRENTWOOD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. VET ADM MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET ADM MED CTR,W HAVEN,CT 06516. EDWARD HINES VET ADM MED CTR,HINES,IL. RICHARD L ROUDEBUSH VET ADM MED CTR,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. VET ADM MED CTR,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73104. VET ADM MED CTR,RICHMOND,VA 23249. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. VET ADM MED CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98108. VET ADM MED CTR,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. NR 23 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 127 IS 9 BP 1119 EP 1124 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA JM014 UT WOS:A1992JM01400018 PM 1387528 ER PT J AU WESTERMAN, EM MILES, JM BACKONJA, M SUNDSTROM, WR AF WESTERMAN, EM MILES, JM BACKONJA, M SUNDSTROM, WR TI NEUROPATHOLOGIC FINDINGS IN MULTIINFARCT DEMENTIA ASSOCIATED WITH ANTICARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODY - EVIDENCE FOR ENDOTHELIAL INJURY AS THE PRIMARY EVENT SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES; GROWTH-FACTOR; THROMBOSIS; BINDING AB Objective. There are few reports describing histopathologic changes associated with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. We describe a patient with multi-infarct dementia and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, in whom a brain biopsy was performed. Methods. Biopsy material from the left frontal cortex, including meninges, cortex, and underlying subcortical white matter, was investigated. Microscopic examination and special staining were performed. Results. Microscopic examination showed lumenal occlusion by thrombi, and marked endothelial hyperplasia of small meningeal and cortical arterioles Conclusion. These findings suggest that the pathogenesis of this cerebral vasculopathy is noninflammatory and is associated with reactive endothelial hyperplasia and thrombosis of small arterioles. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,NEUROL & RHEUMATOL SERV,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI,DEPT LAB MED,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 14 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 BP 1038 EP 1041 DI 10.1002/art.1780350908 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JQ530 UT WOS:A1992JQ53000007 PM 1418019 ER PT J AU FLESCHER, E DAUPHINEE, MJ FOSSUM, D LEDBETTER, J TALAL, N AF FLESCHER, E DAUPHINEE, MJ FOSSUM, D LEDBETTER, J TALAL, N TI SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN SJOGRENS-SYNDROME T-CELLS - ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH A NEWLY DESCRIBED HUMAN A-TYPE RETROVIRUS SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN KINASE-C; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; FREE CALCIUM; LYMPHOCYTES-T; ACTIVATION; RECEPTOR; INTERLEUKIN-2; PERTURBATION; STIMULATION; ANTIBODIES AB Objective. To study the effects of a novel A-type retrovirus, detected in cocultures of lip biopsy specimens from Sjogren's syndrome (SS) patients and a human T cell line, on the infected T cells. Methods. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-6 secretion were measured by bioassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively, in the infected and noninfected cell lines. Surface antigen expression was determined by flow cytometry, using monoclonal antibodies. Protein kinase C (PKC) activity was measured using an enzyme assay kit, and calcium mobilization was assessed with a fluorescent probe. Results. Infected cells expressed less CD4 and IL-6 receptor, but more HLA-DR, compared with noninfected cells. Infected cells also produced less IL-2 and displayed reduced PKC activation and calcium mobilization. A similar defect in calcium mobilization was detected in T cells from SS patients. Conclusion. These data suggest a possible involvement of the newly described retrovirus in T cell abnormalities. C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,SEATTLE,WA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP FLESCHER, E (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01-DE09311] NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 BP 1068 EP 1074 DI 10.1002/art.1780350912 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JQ530 UT WOS:A1992JQ53000011 PM 1418023 ER PT J AU DANG, H LAZARIDIS, K TALAL, N AF DANG, H LAZARIDIS, K TALAL, N TI INDUCTION OF AUTOANTIBODIES IN NORMAL BALB/C MICE BY PERTURBATION OF THE IDIOTYPE NETWORK SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S155 EP S155 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800714 ER PT J AU DANG, H LAZARIDIS, K AUFDEMORTE, T MCGUFF, H TALAL, N AF DANG, H LAZARIDIS, K AUFDEMORTE, T MCGUFF, H TALAL, N TI PCR ANALYSIS OF CYTOKINES PRODUCED IN SALIVARY-GLANDS OF SJOGRENS-SYNDROME (SS) PATIENTS SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S103 EP S103 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800402 ER PT J AU FLESCHER, E VELAROCH, NE TALAL, N AF FLESCHER, E VELAROCH, NE TALAL, N TI DECREASED EXPRESSION OF THE OCT-1 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR REGULATING THE T-CELL INTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2) GENE IN SJOGRENS-SYNDROME (SS) SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800162 ER PT J AU BAUER, MS SOLOWAY, A DRATMAN, MB KREIDER, M AF BAUER, MS SOLOWAY, A DRATMAN, MB KREIDER, M TI EFFECTS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM ON RAT CIRCADIAN ACTIVITY AND TEMPERATURE RHYTHMS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO LIGHT SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL AFFECTIVE-DISORDER; MELATONIN SUPPRESSION; EUROPEAN STARLINGS; DEPRESSED-PATIENTS; PINEAL-GLAND; THYROXINE; ABNORMALITIES; PACEMAKER; ILLNESS; PHOTOREFRACTORINESS AB Male rats made hypothyroid by administration of propylthiouracil plus sodium ipodate in drinking water were compared to controls in terms of period of circadian activity and temperature rhythms, amount of gross motor activity, and mean temperature. Animals were studied under entrainment, constant darkness (DD), and constant dim light (LL). There was no difference in the period of the circadian activity rhythm between groups in DD. However, hypothyroid rats showed significant blunting of the period-lengthening response to increasing ambient illumination. As expected, the period of the circadian temperature rhythm increased in controls with increasing ambient illumination. In contrast, the period of the circadian temperature rhythm in hypothyroid animals actually shortened under LL compared to DD. This blunting of the period-lengthening response to increasing ambient illumination of both activity and temperature rhythms in hypothyroid animals could not be explained by differences in activity level or mean temperature between the groups. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. BROWN UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT & HUMAN BEHAV,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. MED COLL PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. RP BAUER, MS (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PROVIDENCE,RI 02908, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH00720, MH45252, MH44210] NR 51 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD SEP 1 PY 1992 VL 32 IS 5 BP 411 EP 425 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(92)90129-N PG 15 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA JX843 UT WOS:A1992JX84300004 PM 1486147 ER PT J AU HERBERT, V AF HERBERT, V TI IRON DISORDERS CAN MIMIC ANYTHING, SO ALWAYS TEST FOR THEM SO BLOOD REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID DIETARY IRON; EXTRINSIC TAG; VITAMIN-C; ABSORPTION; HEMOCHROMATOSIS; BIOAVAILABILITY; SUPEROXIDE; DIAGNOSIS AB Routinely measuring iron status is necessary because not only are about 6% of Americans in significant negative iron balance, but about 1% have iron overload. Serum ferritin is in equilibrium with body iron stores, and is the only blood test that measures them. Barring inflammation, each one ng (0.0179 pmol) ferritin/ml of serum indicates approximately 10 mg (0.179 mmol) of body iron stores. Very early Stage I positive balance is best recognized by measuring saturation of iron binding capacity. Conversely, serum ferritin best recognizes early (Stage I and II) negative balance. Deviations from normal are: 1. Both stages of iron depletion (i.e. low stores, no dysfunction). Negative iron balance Stage I is reduced iron absorption producing moderately depleted iron stores. Stage II is severely depleted stores, without dysfunction. These stages include over half of all cases of negative iron balance. Treated with iron, they never progress to dysfunction, i.e. to disease. 2. Both stages of iron deficiency. Deficiency is inadequate iron for normal function, i.e. dysfunction, disease. Negative balance Stage III is dysfunction without anemia; Stage IV is with anemia. 3. Positive iron balance: Stage I is a multi-year period without dysfunction. Supplements of iron and/or vitamin C promote progression to dysfunction (disease). Iron removal prevents progression. Stage II is iron overload disease, encompassing years of insidiously progressive damage to tissues and organs from iron overload. Iron removal arrests progression. C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,COMM STRENGTHEN NUTR,BRONX,NY 10468. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HEMATOL & NUTR LAB,BRONX,NY 10468. RP HERBERT, V (reprint author), MT SINAI MED SCH,COMM STRENGTHEN NUTR,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND EH1 3AF SN 0268-960X J9 BLOOD REV JI Blood Rev. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 6 IS 3 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1016/0268-960X(92)90024-K PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA JP229 UT WOS:A1992JP22900001 PM 1422281 ER PT J AU MINOTTI, JR PILLAY, P CHANG, L WELLS, L MASSIE, BM AF MINOTTI, JR PILLAY, P CHANG, L WELLS, L MASSIE, BM TI NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SKELETAL-MUSCLE FATIGUE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE MUSCLE ACTIVATION; FATIGUE, CENTRAL; TRANSMISSION, NEUROMUSCULAR; FATIGUE, MUSCLE ID BLOOD-FLOW; EXERCISE; ABNORMALITIES; DYSFUNCTION; METABOLISM; CAPACITY AB Background. Recent research has demonstrated that patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) exhibit significant functional impairment of skeletal muscle and that these changes may be important determinants of exercise capacity. Although muscle strength may be mildly reduced, the most significant abnormality is markedly enhanced muscle fatigue. The goal of the present study is to determine whether accelerated fatigue is caused by impaired muscle activation, as a result of inadequate central motor drive or neuromuscular transmission, or by a change in the muscle itself. Methods and Results. The study population consisted of nine patients with New York Heart Association class I-III CHF and eight sedentary, age- and sex-matched control subjects. Maximal voluntary contraction force of the foot dorsiflexors (primarily the tibialis anterior) was quantified as a measure of muscle strength, isometric endurance was quantified by the time required for force to decline to 60% of maximal during a sustained maximal contraction, and dynamic endurance was defined as the number of maximal contractions required for force to decline to 60% of maximal under a protocol of six repetitions per minute with an incremental duty cycle. The degree of central motor drive failure was quantified by the degree of force augmentation produced by a superimposed tetanic stimulus delivered to the peroneal nerve during the initial maximal voluntary contraction and at the time when force during the sustained isometric contraction declined to 60% of maximal. Neuromuscular junction transmission was examined by quantifying the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential (M wave) in response to a single nerve stimulus during fatiguing exercise. Muscle strength was relatively preserved in the CHF patients versus the control subjects (93+/-41 versus 105+/-34 lb; p=NS), but isometric endurance (time to decline to 60%, 34+/-15 versus 54+/-19 seconds;p<0.02) and dynamic endurance (number of repetitions before decline to 60%, 30+/-6 versus 43+/-7 contractions; p<0.001) were both impaired. Tetanic nerve stimulation increased force by similar degrees in the two groups, and the amplitude of the M wave did not decline in either group during exercise. Conclusions. These findings indicate that enhanced muscle fatigue in patients with CHF is not caused by impaired central motor drive or an abnormality of neuromuscular junction transmission but rather by an abnormality in the muscle itself. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,CARDIOVASC RES INST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PHYS THERAPY,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. RP MINOTTI, JR (reprint author), SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT 111C,450 CLEMENT ST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [K 08-HL-02446]; PHS HHS [25847] NR 28 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD SEP PY 1992 VL 86 IS 3 BP 903 EP 908 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JM270 UT WOS:A1992JM27000023 PM 1516203 ER PT J AU OSCHERWITZ, SL RINALDI, MG AF OSCHERWITZ, SL RINALDI, MG TI DISSEMINATED SPOROTRICHOSIS IN A PATIENT INFECTED WITH HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID KETOCONAZOLE C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 15 IS 3 BP 568 EP 569 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA JK474 UT WOS:A1992JK47400046 PM 1520820 ER PT J AU GODDARD, DH GROSSMAN, SL NEWTON, R CLARK, MA BOMALASKI, JS AF GODDARD, DH GROSSMAN, SL NEWTON, R CLARK, MA BOMALASKI, JS TI REGULATION OF SYNOVIAL CELL-GROWTH - BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR SYNERGIZES WITH INTERLEUKIN 1-BETA STIMULATING PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2 ENZYME-ACTIVITY, PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2 ACTIVATING PROTEIN-PRODUCTION AND RELEASE OF PROSTAGLANDIN-E2 BY RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS SYNOVIAL-CELLS IN CULTURE SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Article DE CYTOKINES; EICOSANOIDS; ARACHIDONIC ACID; CYCLOOXYGENASE; PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; SUBENDOTHELIAL EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; SWISS 3T3 CELLS; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; FACTOR-BETA; PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; HEPARAN-SULFATE; MODULATION C1 DUPONT MERCK PHARMACEUT CO,DEPT MED PROD,GLENDOLDEN,PA. SCHERING PLOUGH CORP,BLOOMFIELD,NJ 07003. MED COLL PENN,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP GODDARD, DH (reprint author), WINTHROP UNIV HOSP,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL IMMUNOL ALLERGY,222 STN PLAZA N,SUITE 430,MINEOLA,NY 11501, USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 39382] NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 1043-4666 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD SEP PY 1992 VL 4 IS 5 BP 377 EP 384 DI 10.1016/1043-4666(92)90081-2 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA JR616 UT WOS:A1992JR61600007 PM 1420999 ER PT J AU BONORA, E DELPRATO, S BONADONNA, RC GULLI, G SOLINI, A SHANK, ML GHIATAS, AA LANCASTER, JL KILCOYNE, RF ALYASSIN, AM DEFRONZO, RA AF BONORA, E DELPRATO, S BONADONNA, RC GULLI, G SOLINI, A SHANK, ML GHIATAS, AA LANCASTER, JL KILCOYNE, RF ALYASSIN, AM DEFRONZO, RA TI TOTAL-BODY FAT-CONTENT AND FAT TOPOGRAPHY ARE ASSOCIATED DIFFERENTLY WITH INVIVO GLUCOSE-METABOLISM IN NONOBESE AND OBESE NONDIABETIC WOMEN SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PLASMA-LIPIDS; ABDOMINAL FAT; RISK-FACTORS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TOLERANCE; MEN; HYPERINSULINEMIA AB In this study, total body fat content and fat topography were related to glucose metabolism in the basal and insulin-stimulated states in 18 nonobese and 18 obese premenopausal nondiabetic women. All subjects received a euglycemic insulin (20 mU . min-1 . m2) clamp study in combination with [3-H-3]-D-glucose infusion and indirect calorimetry to quantitate total body glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, and nonoxidative glucose disposal. Total body fat content was determined with tritiated water, whereas body fat distribution was estimated from the WHR, the STR, and the VSR (measured by magnetic resonance imaging). In the postabsorptive state, total body glucose utilization, glucose oxidation, and nonoxidative glucose disposal rates were similar in nonobese and obese women, whereas during the insulin clamp all three metabolic parameters were reduced significantly in the obese group. In nonobese women, total body fat content was related inversely to both total and nonoxidative glucose disposal during the insulin clamp, whereas no relationship was found between glucose metabolism (total, oxidative, and nonoxidative) and WHR, STR, or VSR. In contrast, in obese women, no relationship was observed between total body fat content and any measure of insulin-mediated glucose metabolism. However, both WHR and VSR were related inversely to total, oxidative, and nonoxidative glucose disposal rates during the insulin clamp. These results suggest that total body fat content and body fat topography are associated differently with insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in nonobese and obese women. In the nonobese women, total body fat mass appears to be a primary determinant of tissue sensitivity to insulin, whereas in obese women, body fat topography exerts a more dominant effect. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV DIABET,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Lancaster, Jack/F-2994-2010; Del Prato, Stefano/K-3405-2016; Solini, Anna/K-4666-2016 OI Del Prato, Stefano/0000-0002-5388-0270; Solini, Anna/0000-0002-7855-8253; BONORA, Enzo/0000-0003-1074-5164 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-24092] NR 52 TC 147 Z9 147 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD SEP PY 1992 VL 41 IS 9 BP 1151 EP 1159 DI 10.2337/diabetes.41.9.1151 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JK179 UT WOS:A1992JK17900018 PM 1499866 ER PT J AU ROBBINS, J HAMILTON, JW LOF, GL KEMPSTER, GB AF ROBBINS, J HAMILTON, JW LOF, GL KEMPSTER, GB TI OROPHARYNGEAL SWALLOWING IN NORMAL ADULTS OF DIFFERENT AGES SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPHINCTER PRESSURE; DE-GLUTITION; DISORDERS C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT NEUROL,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT COMMUN DISORDERS,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,NEUROL RES LABS,MADISON,WI 53705. GOVERNOR STATE UNIV,DIV COMMUN DISORDERS,UNIV PK,IL. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS24427] NR 32 TC 313 Z9 326 U1 1 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD SEP PY 1992 VL 103 IS 3 BP 823 EP 829 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JK851 UT WOS:A1992JK85100012 PM 1499933 ER PT J AU HANSEN, TE BROWN, WL WEIGEL, RM CASEY, DE AF HANSEN, TE BROWN, WL WEIGEL, RM CASEY, DE TI UNDERRECOGNITION OF TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA AND DRUG-INDUCED PARKINSONISM BY PSYCHIATRIC-RESIDENTS SO GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED MOVEMENT-DISORDERS AB Recognition of tardive dyskinesia (TD) and other neuroleptic drug-induced, extrapyramidal side effects presents a major challenge in modern clinical psychopharmacology. Failure to recognize these disorders can lead to poor patient care and may contribute to societal pressure for external control of psychiatric practice. This study reports the occurrence of tardive dyskinesia and drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) in 101 in-patients, and documents underrecognition of both disorders by resident physicians. Researchers noted TD in 28% of cases and residents only described TD (or symptoms of TD) in 12%. The researcher determined DIP prevalence rate of 26% contrasted with an 11% rate found by residents. Patients with psychotic disorders were more likely than other patients to have researcher-identified TD, whereas DIP (researcher cases) occurred more often in patients with affective diagnoses. Residents tended to miss milder cases of TD, and to miss DIP in younger patients and in patients with affective disorders. Improved teaching and clinical exams are recommended to improve recognition. RP HANSEN, TE (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,116A-P POB 1034,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH36657] NR 19 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0163-8343 J9 GEN HOSP PSYCHIAT JI Gen. Hosp. Psych. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 14 IS 5 BP 340 EP 344 DI 10.1016/0163-8343(92)90069-M PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JK455 UT WOS:A1992JK45500008 PM 1355749 ER PT J AU ALTERMAN, AI DROBA, M MCLELLAN, AT AF ALTERMAN, AI DROBA, M MCLELLAN, AT TI RESPONSE TO DAY-HOSPITAL TREATMENT BY PATIENTS WITH COCAINE AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE SO HOSPITAL AND COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Note C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. INST PENN HOSP,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19139. RP ALTERMAN, AI (reprint author), UNIV PENN,ADDICT RES CTR,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186]; PHS HHS [07257-04] NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0022-1597 J9 HOSP COMMUNITY PSYCH PD SEP PY 1992 VL 43 IS 9 BP 930 EP 932 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA JK866 UT WOS:A1992JK86600016 PM 1427705 ER PT J AU TANGEL, DJ MEZZANOTTE, WS SANDBERG, EJ WHITE, DP AF TANGEL, DJ MEZZANOTTE, WS SANDBERG, EJ WHITE, DP TI INFLUENCES OF NREM SLEEP ON THE ACTIVITY OF TONIC VS INSPIRATORY PHASIC MUSCLES IN NORMAL MEN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TENSOR PALATINI; GENIOGLOSSUS; INSPIRATORY RESISTIVE LOADING; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY ID NEGATIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ACTIVITY; VENTILATORY RESPONSE; GENIOGLOSSUS MUSCLE; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENESIS; WAKEFULNESS; ACTIVATION; PATTERN AB Studies of sleep influences on human pharyngeal and other respiratory muscles suggest that the activity of these muscles may be affected by nonrapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep in a nonuniform manner. This variable sleep response may relate to the pattern of activation of the muscle (inspiratory phasic vs. tonic) and peripheral events occurring in the airway. Furthermore, the ability of these muscles to respond to respiratory stimuli during NREM sleep may also differ. To systematically investigate the effect of NREM sleep on respiratory muscle activity, we studied two tonic muscles [tensor palatini (TP), masseter (M)] and two inspiratory phasic ones [genioglossus (GG), diaphragm (D)], also measuring the response of these muscles to inspiratory resistive loading (12 cmH2O.l-1.s) during wakefulness and NREM sleep. Seven normal male subjects were studied on a single night with intramuscular electrodes placed in the TP and GG and surface electrodes placed over the D and M. Sleep stage, inspiratory airflow, and moving time average electromyograph (EMG) of the above four muscles were continuously recorded. The EMG of both tonic muscles fell significantly (P < 0.05) during NREM sleep [TP awake, 4.3 +/- 0.05 (SE) arbitrary units, stage 2, 1.1 +/- 0.2; stage 3/4, 1.0 +/- 0.2. Masseter awake, 4.8 +/- 0.6; stage 2, 3.3 +/- 0.5; stage 3/4, 3.1 +/- 0.5]. On the other hand, the peak phasic EMG of both inspiratory phasic muscles (GG and D) was well maintained. In addition, the peak phasic activity of both the GG and D increased in response to inspiratory resistive loading during NREM sleep, whereas no such response was observed in the tonic activity of the TP or M. We conclude 1) sleep has a differential effect on the basal activity of tonic vs. inspiratory phasic muscles and 2) tonic muscles are unable to respond to inspiratory resistive loading ring NREM sleep. This sleep-induced decrement in the basal activity of tonic muscles and their inability to respond to a respiratory stimulus may have important consequences on upper airway patency during sleep. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER,CO 80220. RP TANGEL, DJ (reprint author), DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NATL JEWISH CTR IMMUNOL & RESP,DIV PULM,RESP CARE 111A,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-07085] NR 30 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 73 IS 3 BP 1058 EP 1066 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA JP517 UT WOS:A1992JP51700042 PM 1400018 ER PT J AU KALIN, NH SHELTON, SE SNOWDON, CT AF KALIN, NH SHELTON, SE SNOWDON, CT TI AFFILIATIVE VOCALIZATIONS IN INFANT RHESUS MACAQUES (MACACA-MULATTA) SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTACT CALLS; MONKEYS; SEPARATION; COMMUNICATION; PRIMATE; CUES AB In Experiment 1, infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were separated and then reunited with mothers, united with a male, or placed in an empty cage. Infants girned more when with mothers or the male than when alone. Girns declined over time when infants were united with the male. Coo rates were high when the infant was alone or with the male. Shrieks, barks, and fear-related behavior were higher with the male. In Experiment 2 the vocalizations of infants were examined during separation when alone or when mothers or a male were in the same room. Infants cooed more when mothers or a male were present. Cooing increased over time, with a greater increase in the mothers' presence. Girns were given to both mothers and males, but more were given to mothers. Coos and girns are both affiliative vocalizations but are differentially modulated as infants cease cooing when they receive contact comfort. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PSYCHOL,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. RP KALIN, NH (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,ROOM D6-250,CLIN SCI CTR,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 00-177, MH 46-983, MH 29-775] NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0735-7036 J9 J COMP PSYCHOL JI J. Comp. Psychol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 106 IS 3 BP 254 EP 261 DI 10.1037//0735-7036.106.3.254 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Zoology GA JK696 UT WOS:A1992JK69600006 PM 1395495 ER PT J AU CORNELL, JE YOUNG, DM SEAMAN, SL KIRK, RE AF CORNELL, JE YOUNG, DM SEAMAN, SL KIRK, RE TI POWER COMPARISONS OF 8 TESTS FOR SPHERICITY IN REPEATED MEASURES DESIGNS SO JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE SPHERICITY; LIKELIHOOD RATIO TEST; LOCALLY BEST INVARIANT TEST ID MULTISAMPLE SPHERICITY; VALIDITY-CONDITIONS; MULTIVARIATE TESTS; INVARIANT TEST; F-TESTS; COVARIANCE; UNIVARIATE; DISTRIBUTIONS; ROBUSTNESS AB A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to investigate the relative power of eight tests for sphericity in randomized block designs. Box's (1954) epsilon values of epsilon = .35, .55, .75, .80, .85, .90, .95, and 1.00 were used to quantify departures from sphericity for rank-1 population covariance matrices of dimension p = 3, 5, 7, and 9. Sample covariance matrices were generated for samples of size n = 10, 15, 20, and 30. The locally best invariant test demonstrated substantial power to detect departures from sphericity-regardless of p-for both small and large samples for rank-1 alternatives. Recommendations are made regarding the use of preliminary tests. C1 BAYLOR UNIV,INST GRAD STAT,WACO,TX 76798. RP CORNELL, JE (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR 182,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1230 17TH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3078 SN 0362-9791 J9 J EDUC STAT PD FAL PY 1992 VL 17 IS 3 BP 233 EP 249 DI 10.3102/10769986017003233 PG 17 WC Education & Educational Research; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Education & Educational Research; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA JL543 UT WOS:A1992JL54300001 ER PT J AU LEONG, GB AF LEONG, GB TI A PSYCHIATRIC-STUDY OF PERSONS CHARGED WITH ARSON SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE PSYCHIATRY; CRIMINALISTICS; ARSON; FIRESETTING; PSYCHOSIS; PYROMANIA; HOMELESSNESS ID PYROMANIA AB A total of 29 court-referred individuals charged with arson were psychiatrically studied. From this pre-trial cohort from a large heterogeneous urban population base, a higher rate of psychosis was found than in other recent studies. However, consistent with these studies was the rarity of the diagnosis of pyromania. An important finding of this study was the substantial number of fires set by individuals who are homeless mentally disordered or substance abusing, or both. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP LEONG, GB (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV B116A12,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 37 IS 5 BP 1319 EP 1326 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA JY406 UT WOS:A1992JY40600024 PM 1402754 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JW ROBERTS, L DISTELL, B SIMEL, DL AF WILLIAMS, JW ROBERTS, L DISTELL, B SIMEL, DL TI DIAGNOSING SINUSITIS BY X-RAY - IS A SINGLE WATERS VIEW ADEQUATE SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE SINUSITIS; RADIOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; INTRAOBSERVER VARIABILITY; INTEROBSERVER VARIABILITY; WATERS VIEW AB Objective: To determine whether a single Waters view (occipitomental) radiograph could be substituted for a four-view sinus series to diagnose sinusitis, and to determine the inter- and intraobserver variabilities for sinus radiography. Design: Radiographs were interpreted by radiologists blinded to the clinical history, and results were recorded on a standardized form. Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants: Staff attending radiologists, an attending radiologist with special training in skull radiology, and a senior radiology resident. Measurements and main results: The agreement between the Waters view and the four-view sinus series was moderate to substantial (simple agreement = 75 - 84%, kappa = 0.5- 0.68). However, agreement varied by sinus and, after correction for chance agreement, was substantial only for the maxillary sinuses (kappa = 0.72 - 0.87). Intraobserver agreement (kappa = 0.72 - 0.84) was superior to interobserver agreement (kappa = 0.49 - 0.59) for the four-view sinus series. Conclusions: Substituting a single Waters view for a four-view sinus series may be an acceptable strategy for diagnosing maxillary sinusitis. RP WILLIAMS, JW (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,11C,7400 MERTON MINTON BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 7 IS 5 BP 481 EP 485 DI 10.1007/BF02599447 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA JN983 UT WOS:A1992JN98300002 PM 1403202 ER PT J AU BRYAN, CL CAMPBELL, GD LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG AF BRYAN, CL CAMPBELL, GD LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG TI DIPHOSPHORYL LIPID-A PROTECTS RATS FROM LETHAL HYPEROXIA SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; ENDOGENOUS ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; NON-TOXIC FORMS; OXYGEN-TOXICITY; BACTERIAL-ENDOTOXIN; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; DEFICIENT RATS; LUNG INJURY; MICE AB Bacterial endotoxin has been shown to protect rats from lethal hyperoxia. The structure of endotoxin contains diphosphoryl lipid A (DPL) as the lipid backbone stripped of protein and polysoccharides. DPL is the component of the endotoxin molecule that has been demonstrated (in previous studies) to be responsible for the immunologic, mitogenic, pyrogenic, and lethal properties of endotoxin. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) is a nonpyrogenic, nontoxic modification of the DPL molecule that retains its immunostimulatory and mitogenic properties. We hypothesized that DPL may be the actual active component of endotoxin that protects rats from lethal hyperoxia. We also hypothesized that the protection from hyperoxic that is afforded by the DPL component may be related to endogenous release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha which should allow MPL to also be protective. To test these hypotheses, we performed a series of experiments in which rats were treated with endotoxin, DPL, MPL or vehicle and exposed to room air or hyperoxia. We found that DPL and endotoxin both protected rats from lethal hyperoxia, but MPL alone was not protective. Even though MPL was not protective, DPL and MPL both increased endogenous release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha early after injection (peak DPL level, 3619 +/- 1500 pg/ml, peak MPL level, 4038 +/- 500 pg/ml). Protection in both the endotoxin- and DPL-treated animals was associated with increases in lung antioxidant enzyme activities. We concluded that DPL protects rats from hyperoxic but that MPL is not protective in spite of its immunostimulatory and mitogenic effects. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED PULM DIS CRIT CARE,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. MCCLELLAN VET ADM HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR. RP BRYAN, CL (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PULM DIS SECT 111E,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 120 IS 3 BP 444 EP 452 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JM663 UT WOS:A1992JM66300018 ER PT J AU VOLOVSEK, A SUBRAMANIAN, R REBOUSSIN, D AF VOLOVSEK, A SUBRAMANIAN, R REBOUSSIN, D TI EFFECTS OF DURATION OF ISCHEMIA DURING PRECONDITIONING ON MECHANICAL FUNCTION, ENZYME-RELEASE AND ENERGY-PRODUCTION IN THE ISOLATED WORKING RAT-HEART SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PRECONDITIONING; ISCHEMIA; REPERFUSION; MYOCARDIAL ENZYMES; ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES; ISOLATED RAT HEART ID MYOCARDIAL PROTECTION; ISCHEMIC MYOCARDIUM; REPERFUSION; METABOLISM; GLYCOGEN; DAMAGE C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT STAT, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. NR 27 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 24 IS 9 BP 1011 EP 1019 DI 10.1016/0022-2828(92)91867-5 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA JR559 UT WOS:A1992JR55900008 PM 1433317 ER PT J AU VILENSKY, JA MOORE, AM EIDELBERG, E WALDEN, JG AF VILENSKY, JA MOORE, AM EIDELBERG, E WALDEN, JG TI RECOVERY OF LOCOMOTION IN MONKEYS WITH SPINAL-CORD LESIONS SO JOURNAL OF MOTOR BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE MOTOR CONTROL; PRIMATES; SPINAL CORD; STEPPING ID CATS; BEHAVIOR; GAIT; SIZE AB This study reanalyzes kinematically (via film) the pre- and postoperative locomotor behavior of 4 of the 10 monkeys with partial spinal cord lesions (T8) briefly described by Eidelberg, Walden, and Nguyen (1981). The behavior of the remaining 6 monkeys is qualitatively described. The analysis reveals that 5 of the animals initially exhibited unilateral hind limb stepping. Hind and forelimb cycle durations often differed postoperatively; the hind limbs commonly showed increased values, whereas forelimb cycle durations were reduced. Ipsilateral interlimb phase values were usually inconsistent. A review of prior studies of primate spinal cord lesions indicates that sparing of the ventrolateral quadrant may not be essential for locomotor recovery (cf. Eidelberg, Walden, and Nguyen, 1981). Furthermore, this review as well as the kinematic analysis indicates that primates with very significant spinal lesions can still exhibit locomotor movements. Thus, although the primate's spinal cord seems less able than other mammals' to readily organize locomotor movements (Eidelberg, Walden, & Nguyen, 1981), the total absence of stepping in primates with completely transected cords is unexpected and warrants further research. C1 INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT ANAT,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV NEUROSURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 33 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0022-2895 J9 J MOTOR BEHAV JI J. Mot. Behav. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 24 IS 3 BP 288 EP 296 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental; Sport Sciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA JN510 UT WOS:A1992JN51000007 ER PT J AU WATTS, DT HOWELL, T PRIEFER, BA AF WATTS, DT HOWELL, T PRIEFER, BA TI GERIATRICIANS ATTITUDES TOWARD ASSISTING SUICIDE OF DEMENTIA PATIENTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID EUTHANASIA; MEDICINE; DEATH AB Objective: To identify geriatricians' attitudes toward assisting suicide of dementia patients, with particular reference to the case of janet Adkins/Dr. Kevorkian. Design: Mailed questionnaire survey. Setting: Four distinct geographical regions of the US: Far West, Midwest, Southeast, and Northeast. Participants: All 1,381 ABIM-certified internist geriatricians in the four regions; 727 (52.6%) responded. Main Outcome Measures: Positive, negative, or unsure responses to questionnaire items; comparison of responses be tween geographical regions. Results: Sixty-six percent of respondents felt that Dr. Kevorkian's assistance of Janet Adkins' suicide was not justifiable, while 14% stated it was morally justifiable. Twenty-nine percent felt janet Adkins' decision to commit suicide was morally wrong, while 49% stated it was not morally wrong. If the responding geriatricians themselves were diagnosed as having a dementing illness, 41% would consider suicide a possible option; 39% would not consider suicide. Twenty-six percent favored easing restrictions on physician-assisted suicide of competent dementia patients, while 57% opposed this. If current restrictions were eased, 21% would consider assisting suicide of competent dementia patients, and 66% would not, Respondents' attitudes showed some significant (P less-than-or-equal-to 0.05) variations by geographical region. Where regional differences were observed, respondents in the Midwest tended to show more conservative attitudes toward physician-assisted suicide than those in the Far West and Northeast. Conclusions: Most responding geriatricians would not consider assisting suicide of dementia patients, and most oppose easing restrictions on physician-assisted suicide. Many, however, could accept the (unassisted) suicide of a competent dementia patient, and many would consider suicide themselves if stricken with dementia. C1 MENDOTA MENTAL HLTH INST,MADISON,WI 53704. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT FAMILY MED & PRACTICE,MADISON,WI 53792. RP WATTS, DT (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED J52,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 40 IS 9 BP 878 EP 885 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA JM869 UT WOS:A1992JM86900004 PM 1512382 ER PT J AU VANLINTHOUDT, D SCHUMACHER, HR BURUS, RB HINSHAW, KC PIERCE, V AF VANLINTHOUDT, D SCHUMACHER, HR BURUS, RB HINSHAW, KC PIERCE, V TI APATITE CRYSTAL DEPOSITION DISEASE IN A DIANA MONKEY (CERCOPITHECUS-DIANA-DIANA) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE APATITE CRYSTAL DEPOSITIONS; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; DIANA MONKEY; CERCOPITHECUS-DIANA-DIANA ID CALCINOSIS-CIRCUMSCRIPTA; RHESUS-MONKEYS; CALCIUM AB A 16-year-old Diana monkey (Cercopithecus diana diana) with chronic renal insufficiency was evaluated for progressive weight loss. The examination revealed a subcutaneous mass on the left carpus. Fluid was aspirated and disclosed numerous, shiny, nonbirefringent particles that stained bright red with bright red S. The mineral present was identified as apatite by high resolution X-ray crystallographic analysis. Later, similar masses developed near the left ischium and the right tarsus. The monkey was euthanatized and a necropsy performed. The histological studies revealed profuse amounts of hematoxyphilic material surrounded by fibrosis, histiocytes, and multinucleated giant cells. Transmission electron microscopy showed clumps of intracellular fine needle-shaped crystals typical for apatite. These apatite deposits were probably related to an increased serum calcium x phosphorus product secondary to the renal disease. C1 UNIV PENN,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ARTHRITIS IMMUNOL,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. ZOOLOGICAL SOC PHILADELPHIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 23 IS 3 BP 346 EP 352 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA JP945 UT WOS:A1992JP94500011 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, RJ BRECKON, R AF ANDERSON, RJ BRECKON, R TI CYTOKINE REGULATION OF ADENYLATE-CYCLASE ACTIVITY IN LLC-PK1 CELLS SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; COLLECTING TUBULE CELLS; CANINE KIDNEY-CELLS; MESANGIAL CELLS; CYCLIC-AMP; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; GTP-BINDING; PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS AB Although several cytokines have been demonstrated to exert pleiotropic responses, there is little information on cytokine regulation of renal tubular epithelial cell function. In the present studies, we find that both T cell-derived (tumor necrosis factor-beta and interleukins 2 and 3) and monocyte/macrophage derived (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1-beta) cytokines promote basal, arginine vasopressin- and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in cultured LLC-PK1 cells. No effect of TNF, IL-1-beta, and IL-2 to stimulate protein kinase C activity was observed. TNF-beta, IL-beta and IL-2 also modestly stimulated H-3 release from H-3-arachidonic acid labeled cells. Mepacrine, a phospholipase A inhibitor, prevented TNF-beta stimulation of H-3 release from H-3-arachidonic acid labeled cells and TNF-beta potentiation of adenylate cyclase activity. TNF-beta potentiation of adenylate cyclase activity and stimulation of H-3 release from H-3 arachidonic acid labeled cells was not prevented by pertussis toxin. These results demonstrate that several cytokines can stimulate adenylate cyclase activity while not affecting protein kinase C activity in cultured renal tubular epithelial cells. The effect of TNF-beta to stimulate adenylate cyclase appears to occur independent of pertussis toxin-sensitive substrate and may involve activation of phospholipase A. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER,CO 80262. RP ANDERSON, RJ (reprint author), DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,MED SERV 3,1055 CLERMONT ST,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 42 IS 3 BP 559 EP 566 DI 10.1038/ki.1992.319 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JJ445 UT WOS:A1992JJ44500003 PM 1405334 ER PT J AU ROSEN, AK GERACI, JM ASH, AS MCNIFF, KJ MOSKOWITZ, MA AF ROSEN, AK GERACI, JM ASH, AS MCNIFF, KJ MOSKOWITZ, MA TI POSTOPERATIVE ADVERSE EVENTS OF COMMON SURGICAL-PROCEDURES IN THE MEDICARE POPULATION SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID TRANS-URETHRAL PROSTATECTOMY; NEW-YORK-STATE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; ELDERLY PATIENTS; COMPLICATIONS; QUALITY; RATES; HEART; MEDISGROUPS; PREDICTORS AB Mortality rates are the most widely used measure in assessing patient outcome from hospitalization. However, they may be an insensitive measure of quality for surgical patients because death is a relatively rare outcome. A random sample of patient data (n = 8126) selected from the Medicare files of seven states was used to identify, through chart abstraction, clinical postoperative complications of surgery that could serve as measures of quality. Four surgical procedures were studied: 1) coronary artery bypass grafting; 2) coronary angioplasty; 3) cholecystectomy; and 4) prostatectomy. Severity at admission was controlled for using severity-of-illness models developed with chart-abstracted data to predict adverse events after these four procedures. 30-day mortality rates ranged from 1.0% to 6.6%, while the prevalence of postoperative adverse events identified from chart review was greater (6.9% to 33.3%). There were significant differences between patients with and without adverse events. For example, coronary artery bypass graft patients with adverse events had prolonged postsurgical lengths of stay (18.5 +/- 13.2 vs. 13.2 +/- 6.2, P < 0.001) and higher mortality rates (15.2% vs. 2.6%, P < 0.001). The R-square values using clinical indicators at admission to predict the occurrence of any adverse event ranged from 0.05 to 0.13. Clinically meaningful adverse events of surgery can be successfully identified through chart abstraction and appear to be valid measures of postoperative complications among surgical patients. Severity adjustment at admission only modestly predicts the occurrence of these adverse events. C1 HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BOSTON UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,BOSTON,MA 02118. RP ROSEN, AK (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,MED CTR,EVANS MEM DEPT MED,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT,HLTH CARE RES UNIT,BOSTON,MA 02118, USA. NR 34 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD SEP PY 1992 VL 30 IS 9 BP 753 EP 765 DI 10.1097/00005650-199209000-00001 PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA JN029 UT WOS:A1992JN02900001 PM 1518309 ER PT J AU MELCHIOR, CL RITZMANN, RF AF MELCHIOR, CL RITZMANN, RF TI DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE ENHANCES THE HYPNOTIC AND HYPOTHERMIC EFFECTS OF ETHANOL AND PENTOBARBITAL SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE; NEUROSTEROID; ETHANOL; PENTOBARBITAL; HYPNOSIS; HYPOTHERMIA; GABA ID LACTATING FEMALE INTRUDERS; CASTRATED MALE-MICE; BRAIN; SULFATE; ANTAGONIST; RATS; NEUROSTEROIDS; RO15-4513; RECEPTOR; ATTACK AB Recent reports have indicated that the neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate (DHEAS) interact with the GABA(A) receptor complex. Because many of the behavioral effects of ethanol and pentobarbital are due to activity at this complex, DHEA and DHEAS were tested for their ability to interact with the hypnotic and hypothermic effects of ethanol and pentobarbital. DHEA, but not DHEAS, causes a dose-dependent increase in the sleep time induced by either ethanol or pentobarbital. At 20 mg/kg, DHEA and DHEAS themselves cause a fall in body temperature. DHEA enhances the hypothermic effect of both ethanol and pentobarbital. DHEAS enhances the hypothermic effect of ethanol, but with pentobarbital it only delays the return of body temperature to baseline levels. Neither DHEA nor DHEAS affects the metabolism of ethanol. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET ADM,BRENTWOOD DIV RES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA08709] NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 43 IS 1 BP 223 EP 227 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90661-X PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JK367 UT WOS:A1992JK36700028 PM 1409808 ER PT J AU TAKAHASHI, LK AF TAKAHASHI, LK TI ONTOGENY OF BEHAVIORAL-INHIBITION INDUCED BY UNFAMILIAR ADULT MALE CONSPECIFICS IN PREWEANLING RATS SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE PREWEANLING RATS; ULTRASONIC VOCALIZATIONS; FREEZING; BEHAVIORAL INHIBITION; DEVELOPMENT; BODY TEMPERATURE; CONSPECIFIC THREAT; SOCIAL ISOLATION ID DEFENSIVE REACTIONS; RATTUS-NORVEGICUS; MALLARD DUCKLINGS; 2-WEEK-OLD RATS; OLFACTORY CUES; RESPONSES; VOCALIZATIONS; ULTRASOUNDS; STRESS; PUPS AB Previous studies showed that when socially isolated at 22-degrees-C, postnatal day 14 rats. but not younger day 7 rats, reduce their emission of ultrasonic vocalizations when exposed to an unfamiliar adult male rat, a naturalistic threat. Because ultrasound production is associated with factors such as age and body temperature. this study examined in age-appropriate thermoneutral temperature ranges whether preweanling rats of different ages are equally capable of inhibiting their emission of ultrasounds when threatened. In Experiment 1, 7- and 14-day-old rats were socially isolated and exposed to unfamiliar anesthetized adult male rats in a thermoneutral environment. Only 14-day-old rats significantly reduced their emission of ultrasounds. This reduction in ultrasound production was accompanied by freezing. In Experiment 2, additional ages were examined under identical test conditions. At 3, 6, and 9 days of age, pups frequently emitted ultrasounds when exposed to the anesthetized male rat. However, at 12 days of age, rat pups responded to the anesthetized male rat by freezing and significantly reducing their emission of ultrasounds, Results indicate clearly that under the present testing conditions the ability of rat pups to inhibit ultrasounds and freeze when threatened is not present at birth but emerges by the end of the second postnatal week. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53792. RP TAKAHASHI, LK (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-43986] NR 34 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 52 IS 3 BP 493 EP 498 DI 10.1016/0031-9384(92)90336-Z PG 6 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA JL838 UT WOS:A1992JL83800012 PM 1409910 ER PT J AU TYAN, ML AF TYAN, ML TI EFFECTS OF H-2 ON NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS IN CONGENIC MICE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERICONCEPTIONAL USE; RETINOIC ACID; SPINA-BIFIDA; MOUSE; SUPPLEMENTATION; PREGNANCY; MUTATION AB Pregnant mice congenic with C57BL/10 (B10.A, B10.BR, B10.D2, B10.A[2R], B10.A[5R], B10.A[15R], B10.A[1R], B10.A[18R], and B10.0L) were fed Purina Mouse Chow or the same diet plus 200 IU of vitamin A daily. The pregnant dams were sacrificed on the eighteenth day of gestation, and the fetuses were sexed and examined for defects in neural tube development. The frequency of neural tube defects was low (mean frequency of all strains, 0.36%) and was not affected by the addition of vitamin A (200 IU/day) to the diet. Twenty-seven of the 29 defects observed occurred in the anterior tube (exencephaly); fourteen were identified in female fetuses, but the sex could not be determined in the other 15 cases because of fetal death and early autolysis. Variations in frequency among the strains suggest that a locus between E(beta) and H-2D has a moderate influence on the occurrence of neural tube defects. Strains that had H-2d alleles in this segment of the H-2 complex had relatively high frequencies, and those with H-2b or H-2k alleles had significantly lower frequencies. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP TYAN, ML (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,W 111M,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 200 IS 4 BP 487 EP 489 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA JK227 UT WOS:A1992JK22700006 PM 1508938 ER PT J AU TRESTMAN, RL LAWRENCE, TL COCCARO, EF HARVEY, P BERNSTEIN, D LAWRENCE, EK CONDELLO, V MAHON, T YANG, RK KNOTT, P HORVATH, TB SIEVER, LJ AF TRESTMAN, RL LAWRENCE, TL COCCARO, EF HARVEY, P BERNSTEIN, D LAWRENCE, EK CONDELLO, V MAHON, T YANG, RK KNOTT, P HORVATH, TB SIEVER, LJ TI NORADRENERGIC RESPONSES TO CLONIDINE IN ACUTE AND REMITTED DEPRESSED MALE-PATIENTS SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AFFECTIVE DISORDER; 3-METHOXY-4-HYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL; MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE; HEART RATE ID GROWTH-HORMONE RESPONSE; PROLACTIN PLASMA-LEVELS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; ENDOGENOUS-DEPRESSION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MHPG; NORADRENALINE; DISORDER; CORTISOL; TESTS AB To investigate noradrenergic function in depression, plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), plasma norepinephrine (NE), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate responses to intravenous clonidine (2 mug/kg), an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, were measured in 27 acutely depressed patients, 18 remitted depressed patients, and 27 normal control subjects; a placebo infusion was administered to a subgroup. Clonidine compared with placebo, over a 150-minute time course, decreased plasma NE, MAP, and heart rate, but not plasma MHPG, in the control subjects. Plasma MHPG, plasma NE, MAP, and heart rate at baseline or in response to clonidine and placebo over 150 minutes did not indicate any group differences. The only significant plasma MHPG response to clonidine in the normal control subjects occurred 60 minutes after the infusion. A significantly diminished plasma MHPG response to clonidine at 60 minutes was found in the acutely depressed group compared with the normal control subjects. These results suggest that peripheral inhibitory noradrenergic responses to clonidine are normal in depressed patients, while plasma MHPG responses to clonidine, which have a limited central contribution, appear to be a weak reflection of central noradrenergic function and appear insufficiently robust for a meaningful evaluation of hypothetical group differences in central inhibitory alpha2-adrenergic activity in this population. C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. MED COLL PENN,EASTERN PENN PSYCHIAT INST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,SCH MED,BRONX,NY 10461. SUNY DOWNSTATE MED CTR,BROOKLYN,NY 11203. RP TRESTMAN, RL (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,116A,1130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00071]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH41131] NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 43 IS 3 BP 199 EP 213 DI 10.1016/0165-1781(92)90053-6 PG 15 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JW645 UT WOS:A1992JW64500001 PM 1332095 ER PT J AU SILVA, JA LEONG, GB SAAB, S WINE, DB AF SILVA, JA LEONG, GB SAAB, S WINE, DB TI MISIDENTIFICATION SYNDROME, FACIAL MISRECOGNITION, AND DYSMORPHIC SYMPTOMS SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Letter C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP SILVA, JA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD FAL PY 1992 VL 33 IS 4 BP 471 EP 472 PG 2 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA JQ781 UT WOS:A1992JQ78100020 PM 1461976 ER PT J AU KUTNER, NG ORY, MG BAKER, DI SCHECHTMAN, KB HORNBROOK, MC MULROW, CD AF KUTNER, NG ORY, MG BAKER, DI SCHECHTMAN, KB HORNBROOK, MC MULROW, CD TI MEASURING THE QUALITY-OF-LIFE OF THE ELDERLY IN HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTION CLINICAL-TRIALS SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID OF-LIFE; PERFORMANCE; DISEASE; ISSUES; STATE AB The Multicenter Trials of Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques (FICSIT) is a series of clinical trials Of biomedical, behavioral, and environmental interventions to reduce the risks of frailty and injury among the elderly. Reliable assessment of the quality of life reported by the subjects is a central issue in evaluating the interventions. An intervention may have a significant impact on an elderly person's sense of well-being, even though significant improvement is not observed in selected physical outcome measures. Elderly persons' compliance with particular intervention regimens may be influenced by the quality of life effects that they perceive in relation to the intervention. The researchers review the definition and measurement of quality of life in the trials, with particular attention to issues in determining common measures used at all study locations. considerations in the selection and use of quality of life measures in both community and institutional populations are addressed. Topics discussed include the interrelation of aging, functional capacities, and quality of life, the multi-dimensionality of quality of life in relation to differential intervention effects; and age-related issues in the collection of quality of life data. Preliminary observations are reviewed, and potential contributions of FICSIT to intervention-sensitive quality of life assessments among the elderly are noted. C1 NIA,SOCIAL SCI RES AGING,BETHESDA,MD 20892. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP KUTNER, NG (reprint author), EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,1441 CLIFTON RD NE,ATLANTA,GA 30322, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [U01-AG09089] NR 39 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 6 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 107 IS 5 BP 530 EP 539 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA JR213 UT WOS:A1992JR21300007 PM 1410233 ER PT J AU OGAWA, M AF OGAWA, M TI IL6 AND HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS SO RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; MULTIPOTENTIAL HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; FACTOR-I; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; CULTURE; INTERLEUKIN-11; ENHANCEMENT; GROWTH; MICE; GM C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. RP OGAWA, M (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0923-2494 J9 RES IMMUNOL JI Res. Immunol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 143 IS 7 BP 749 EP 751 DI 10.1016/0923-2494(92)80016-E PG 3 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JV754 UT WOS:A1992JV75400010 PM 1439149 ER PT J AU SWIERGIEL, AH TAKAHASHI, LK RUBIN, WW KALIN, NH AF SWIERGIEL, AH TAKAHASHI, LK RUBIN, WW KALIN, NH TI ANTAGONISM OF CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR RECEPTORS IN THE LOCUS-CERULEUS ATTENUATES SHOCK-INDUCED FREEZING IN RATS SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR ANTAGONIST; LOCUS-CERULEUS; FREEZING BEHAVIOR; RAT; STRESS; BARRINGTON NUCLEUS ID DORSOLATERAL PONTINE TEGMENTUM; SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION; IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS; DEFENSIVE-WITHDRAWAL; BRAIN REGIONS; FACTOR CRF; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; LOCALIZATION AB Intracerebroventricularly administered alpha-helical CRF9-41, a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonist, is known to reduce a variety of stress-induced behavioral responses. This study examined in rats whether antagonism of CRF receptors in the region of locus coeruleus (LC) plays a role in reducing freezing induced by electric foot shock. Freezing is a well-characterized defensive response to stress and has been demonstrated to index an animal's degree of fear. A CRF-receptor antagonist, alpha-helical CRF9-41, bilaterally infused into the LC significantly reduced the duration of freezing at a dose as low as 0.20-mu-g. Additional experiments confirmed that 0.20-mu-g of alpha-helical CRF9-41 significantly reduced the duration of freezing only when cannulae were within the LC or in regions bordering the nucleus. Antagonist-treated rats with cannulae that did not impinge on the LC exhibited freezing at levels not different from vehicle-treated animals. These results strongly implicate CRF receptors located in the LC region in influencing the display of stress-induced behavior. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. RP SWIERGIEL, AH (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PSYCHIAT, 600 HIGHLAND AVE, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-40855] NR 42 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 EI 1872-6240 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD AUG 7 PY 1992 VL 587 IS 2 BP 263 EP 268 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(92)91006-Z PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA JK435 UT WOS:A1992JK43500012 PM 1326376 ER PT J AU SEARLES, JS ALTERMAN, AI AF SEARLES, JS ALTERMAN, AI TI DIFFERENTIAL ATTRITION RATES IN ALCOHOL ABUSING AND NONABUSING SCHIZOPHRENIC INPATIENTS - A METHODOLOGICAL NOTE SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE SCHIZOPHRENIA; ALCOHOL ABUSE; ATTRITION RATES ID SUBSTANCE ABUSE; MAST AB This study investigates the impact of the screening process on the composition of the final sample of alcohol abusing and nonabusing hospitalized schizophrenics. The group of nonabusing schizophrenics had higher rates of study rejections by staff, refusals, inappropriate subjects, and a lower rate of study completers. The findings suggest that these differential attrition rates may have a significant impact on the interpretation of results of studies focusing on substance use in schizophrenic samples. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186] NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD AUG PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP 705 EP 707 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1992.tb00665.x PG 3 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA JK612 UT WOS:A1992JK61200010 PM 1530133 ER PT J AU MALATY, H KLEIN, PD GRAHAM, DY AF MALATY, H KLEIN, PD GRAHAM, DY TI CEFPROZIL FOR THE ERADICATION OF HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article AB Helicobacter pylori infection has proven to be extraordinarily difficult to eradicate. Antimicrobial monotherapies have been particularly disappointing, with most eradication rates in the range of 0 to 15 %. We evaluated cefprozil (250 mg q.d.s. for 14 days) in 12 H. pylori-infected subjects. The C-13-urea breath test was used to evaluate effectiveness of therapy. Eradication was defined as a negative urea breath test 4 to 6 weeks after the end of treatment. Suppression of H. pylori was demonstrated in 4 of 12 (33 %) by a negative urea breath test two days after start of treatment. H pylori infection was not eradicated in any subject (0 %). Adverse events were intermittent and mild. Cefprozil does not appear to offer promise as monotherapy for the eradication of H. pylori. RP MALATY, H (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,DEPT MED,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 39919] NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 503 EP 506 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JG838 UT WOS:A1992JG83800012 PM 1420742 ER PT J AU KASINATH, BS FRIED, TA DAVALATH, S MARSDEN, PA AF KASINATH, BS FRIED, TA DAVALATH, S MARSDEN, PA TI GLOMERULAR EPITHELIAL-CELLS SYNTHESIZE ENDOTHELIN PEPTIDES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Note ID MESANGIAL CELLS; RAT; LOCALIZATION; EXPRESSION AB Glomerular mesangial and endothelial cells have been reported to synthesize and secrete endothelin-1 (ET-1). Whether glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) have the ability to synthesize ET-peptides is not known. Employing immunocytochemistry we report that the GEC in vitro constitutively express ET-1 and ET-3. ET-1 synthesis by the GEC was further confirmed by detection of a specific 2.3kb mRNA that hybridizes with rat prepro ET-1 genomic DNA on Northern blot analysis. ET-1 is secreted into the medium in a time-dependent manner as measured by radioimmunoassay and radiobinding assay. Synthesis of endothelin peptides by the GEC may have important implications in the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases where GEC injury figures prominently. C1 ST MICHAELS HOSP,DEPT MED,TORONTO M5B 1W8,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT MED,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. RP KASINATH, BS (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM HOSP,DEPT MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Marsden, Philip/B-1441-2012 FU PHS HHS [R01-41517] NR 14 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 141 IS 2 BP 279 EP 283 PG 5 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA JH625 UT WOS:A1992JH62500002 PM 1497086 ER PT J AU HUTCHISON, FN WEBSTER, SK AF HUTCHISON, FN WEBSTER, SK TI EFFECT OF ANG-II RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST ON ALBUMINURIA AND RENAL-FUNCTION IN PASSIVE HEYMANN NEPHRITIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PROTEINURIA; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; KALLIKREIN; CONVERTING ENZYME; DUP-753; LOSARTAN ID ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING-ENZYME; KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM; DIETARY-PROTEIN; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; RAT-KIDNEY; INHIBITION; CAPTOPRIL; RABBIT; MICROPUNCTURE; FILTRATION AB Angio-tensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce albuminuria in nephrotic subjects, but the hormonal mechanism of this effect is not known. To determine whether specific inhibition of angio-tensin (ANG) II activity would decrease albuminuria as occurs after converting enzyme inhibition, rats with passive Heymann nephritis received enalapril or the ANG II receptor antagonist losartan (6 mg.kg-1.day-1) for 4 days. Enalapril reduced both albuminuria (from 583 +/- 53 to 286 +/- 55 mg/day, P < 0.001) and the fractional clearance of albumin (FC(Alb)) each day after starting treatment but did not affect glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Losartan reduced albuminuria significantly only after 4 days of treatment, but this value was not different from controls. GFR significantly increased with losartan (from 1.24 +/-0.09 to 1.73 +/- 0.21 ml/min, P < 0.05) so that FC(Alb) was reduced (from 0.0134 +/- 0.0027 to 0.0080 +/- 0.0018, P < 0.05). Blood pressure decreased only in the enalapril group. Although plasma renin activity increased and the pressor response to ANG I was inhibited by both enalapril and losartan, suggesting effective peripheral blockade of ANG II activity, a third group of nephrotic rats was treated with losartan (18 mg.kg-1.day-1) to ensure that adequate ANG II blockade was achieved. Blood pressure decreased 10 mmHg, GFR increased from 1.35 +/- 0.14 to 1.79 +/- 0.12 ml/min (P < 0.01), but albuminuria and FC(Alb) did not change. Urinary total kallikrein excretion was increased only in nephrotic rats treated with enalapril. Although both enalapril and losartan reduce ANG II activity, only the converting enzyme inhibitor reduces albuminuria. These differences in effect on blood pressure, albuminuria, GFR, and urinary kallikrein excretion suggest that the beneficial effect of enalapril on albuminuria may not be due to inhibition of ANG II activity. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV NEPHROL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP HUTCHISON, FN (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29403, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-43186] NR 35 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 263 IS 2 BP F311 EP F318 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JJ960 UT WOS:A1992JJ96000096 PM 1510124 ER PT J AU PERKINS, BA HAMILL, RJ MUSHER, DM OHARA, C AF PERKINS, BA HAMILL, RJ MUSHER, DM OHARA, C TI INVITRO ACTIVITIES OF STREPTOMYCIN AND 11 ORAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES OF KLEBSIELLA-RHINOSCLEROMATIS SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Note AB We tested in vitro the activities of streptomycin and tetracycline-antibiotics that have long been used to treat rhinoscleroma-as well as several newer oral agents by using 23 isolates of the causative organism Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. All isolates were inhibited by clinically achievable concentrations of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanate, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, cefuroxime, and cefpodoxime. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,INFECT DIS SECT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,HOSP INFECT PROGRAM,ANTIMICROB INVEST LAB,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1785 EP 1787 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JG147 UT WOS:A1992JG14700037 PM 1416867 ER PT J AU ADCOCK, DM MARLAR, RA AF ADCOCK, DM MARLAR, RA TI ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME REAGENT SENSITIVITY TO THE PRESENCE OF THE LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The lupus anticoagulant (LA) is an acquired abnormality that is associated with a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). It is one of the most frequent coagulation abnormalities seen in the routine clinical laboratory. The sensitivity of various commercial aPTT reagents varies in their ability to detect the LA. We undertook this evaluation by using a single coagulation instrument to determine the sensitivity of five different commercial aPTT reagents to the presence of the LA. We evaluated 23 patients with known LA using five different reagents, two of which were marketed as having enhanced LA sensitivity. All samples and testing were performed under the same conditions in a timely manner. Based on these data, essentially all of the commercial reagents that were tested could detect patients with known LA by at least minimally prolonging the aPTT. Some reagents were slightly better than others in their ability to detect the LA. For most hospitals, the detection of the LA is not the highest priority for the use of the aPTT assay. In most cases, heparin anticoagulation monitoring is the most common use of the aPTT assay. Since all five reagents are sensitive to the LA, then the best overall reagent will be the one with the best sensitivity to the most important need for the laboratory (usually heparin monitoring). Therefore, a reagent should be chosen based on the primary monitoring requirements of the aPTT assay, and greater than 90% of the patients with the LA will be detected. C1 DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LAB SERV 113,1055 CLERMONT AVE,DENVER,CO 80220. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,DENVER,CO 80262. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 116 IS 8 BP 837 EP 840 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA JG534 UT WOS:A1992JG53400014 PM 1497465 ER PT J AU VANDEKAR, LD RITTENHOUSE, PA OCONNOR, P PALIONIS, T BROWNFIELD, MS LENT, SJ CARNES, M BETHEA, CL AF VANDEKAR, LD RITTENHOUSE, PA OCONNOR, P PALIONIS, T BROWNFIELD, MS LENT, SJ CARNES, M BETHEA, CL TI EFFECT OF COCAINE INJECTIONS ON THE NEUROENDOCRINE RESPONSE TO THE SEROTONIN AGONIST MK-212 SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID DORSAL RAPHE NUCLEUS; RENIN SECRETION; CORTICOSTERONE SECRETION; PROLACTIN SECRETION; CONSCIOUS RATS; MEDIOBASAL HYPOTHALAMUS; RECEPTOR ACTIVATION; 5-HT RECEPTOR; STIMULATION; NEURONS AB This study was undertaken to examine whether several of the hormones that can be released by activation of serotonin receptors will be affected by long-term cocaine administration. Male rats received cocaine injections (15 mg/kg, IP) twice daily for 7 days. Forty-two hr after the last cocaine injection, the rats were challenged with increasing doses (0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg, IP) of the 5-HT1/5-HT2 agonist MK-212 (6-chloro-2-[1-piper-azinyl]-pyrazine). The following observations were made: (1) cocaine reduced the rate of body weight gain; (2) cocaine inhibited the stimulatory effect of MK-212 on plasma vasopressin, oxytocin, and prolactin concentrations and on plasma renin activity and concentration; (3) cocaine did not inhibit the stimulatory effect of MK-212 on plasma ACTH or corticosterone concentrations. The data indicate that a wide-spectrum 5-HT (serotonin) agonist such as MK-212 can reveal differential neuroendocrine responses. This effect could be related to cocaine-induced changes in the different 5-HT receptor subtypes that regulate the secretion of these hormones. C1 OREGON REG PRIMATE RES CTR,BEAVERTON,OR 97006. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH VET MED,DEPT COMPARAT BIOSCI,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR SECT,MADISON,WI. RP VANDEKAR, LD (reprint author), LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,2160 S 1ST AVE,MAYWOOD,IL 60153, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA04865]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH45812] NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD AUG 1 PY 1992 VL 32 IS 3 BP 258 EP 269 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(92)90107-B PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA JW492 UT WOS:A1992JW49200004 PM 1330009 ER PT J AU BAILEY, H WILDING, G TUTSCH, KD ARZOOMANIAN, RZ ALBERTI, D TOMBES, MB GREM, JL SPRIGGS, DR AF BAILEY, H WILDING, G TUTSCH, KD ARZOOMANIAN, RZ ALBERTI, D TOMBES, MB GREM, JL SPRIGGS, DR TI A PHASE-I TRIAL OF 5-FLUOROURACIL, LEUCOVORIN, AND DIPYRIDAMOLE GIVEN BY CONCURRENT 120-H CONTINUOUS INFUSIONS SO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 5-FLUOROURACIL; LEUCOVORIN; DIPYRIDAMOLE; CONTINUOUS INFUSION ID COLON CANCER-CELLS; THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE; NUCLEOSIDE SALVAGE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; CYTO-TOXICITY; FOLINIC ACID; CHEMOTHERAPY; FLUOROURACIL; INHIBITION; DERIVATIVES AB A phase I trial of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) and leucovorin (LV) given with and without dipyridamole (DP) by concurrent 120-h continuous infusion was performed in 27 patients with advanced solid malignancies, 8 of whom had previously received FUra. The LV and DP doses were fixed at 500 mg/m2 daily and 7.7 mg/kg daily, respectively, whereas the FUra dose was escalated. Level 3 (450 mg/m2 FUra daily) represented the maximum tolerated dose for both FUra/LV + DP and FUra/LV. Dose-limiting stomatitis (greater-than-or-equal-to grade 3 or grade 2 occurring during the infusion) was encountered in 75% of the first courses given at level 4 (600 mg/m2 daily). Stomatitis was observed in 44/78 (56%) courses. Diarrhea was infrequent and mild. DP infusions were complicated by mild to moderate headache, which was controlled with narcotic analgesics, and mild to moderate nausea/vomiting. FUra-related toxicity was not enhanced by DP administration. Limited pharmacokinetic sampling at levels 3 and 4 revealed mean steady-state FUra concentrations of around 1.0-mu-M with infusions of FUra/LV + DP. Among three paired courses given with and without DP, no statistically significant difference was found in the total body clearance of FUra (P = 0.44). One partial response was seen in a patient with metastatic gastric carcinoma. For phase II trials, we recommend that concurrent 120-h continuous infusions of FUra (450 mg/m2 daily) and LV (500 mg/m2 daily) be given with and without DP (7.7 mg/kg daily) every 21 days. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BAILEY, H (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,K4-666,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CM-57735, N01-CM-07306]; NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR03186] NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0344-5704 J9 CANCER CHEMOTH PHARM JI Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 297 EP 302 DI 10.1007/BF00686299 PG 6 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JF451 UT WOS:A1992JF45100009 PM 1643698 ER PT J AU KALINOSKI, DL JOHNSON, LC BRYANT, BP BRAND, JG AF KALINOSKI, DL JOHNSON, LC BRYANT, BP BRAND, JG TI SELECTIVE INTERACTIONS OF LECTINS WITH AMINO-ACID TASTE RECEPTOR-SITES IN THE CHANNEL CATFISH SO CHEMICAL SENSES LA English DT Article ID PURIFICATION; SPECIFICITY; SENSATION; PROTEINS; BINDING AB Five lectins of varying carbohydrate specificities. Dolichos biflorus (DBA). jacalin, Phaseolus vulgaris (PHA), Pisum sativum (PSA) and Ricinus communis (RCA 1), were used to extend characterization of the glycoprotein nature of taste plasma membranes and to differentially affect the binding of two taste StiMUli, L-alanine and L-arginine, to their respective taste receptor sites in the cutaneous taste system of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). The binding of the taste stimulus L-arginine to a partial membrane fraction (P-) from taste epithelium was inhibited by 68 and 74% by preincubation in the presence of the unconjugated lectins PHA and RCA I respectively. A corresponding level of inhibition of L-alanine binding was seen in the presence of RCA I (76%); however, PHA had little effect upon L-alanine binding. DBA appeared to selectively inhibit L-alanine but not L-arginine binding (60 versus 8 % respectively) while jacalin moderately inhibited the binding of both stimuli to fraction P2. PSA had little effect upon the binding of either L-alanine or i.-arginine (4 and 5 % inhibition respectively). Inhibition of taste receptor binding by all lectins was time- and dose-dependent, and was fully abolished by incubation in the presence of the appropriate hapten sugar. The biotinylated lectins DBA, jacalin. PHA, RCA I and concanavalin A (Con A) were used to identify the glycoprotein components of the chemosensory plasma membranes after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. As previously shown, numerous protein components were labeled by Con A. In contrast, only a few minor protein components were labeled by PHA, DBA and RCA I. This differential labeling of the taste membranes and the differential inhibition of receptor binding by lectins suggest that they may prove useful as tools in the isolation and purification of taste receptor proteins. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH DENT MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP KALINOSKI, DL (reprint author), MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,3500 MARKET ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0379-864X J9 CHEM SENSES JI Chem. Senses PD AUG PY 1992 VL 17 IS 4 BP 381 EP 390 DI 10.1093/chemse/17.4.381 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA JL988 UT WOS:A1992JL98800002 ER PT J AU SPIELMAN, AI RICKETTSFOOT, DA BRAND, JG AF SPIELMAN, AI RICKETTSFOOT, DA BRAND, JG TI HIGH-RESOLUTION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROGRAPHIC STUDY OF DISSOCIATED MOUSE TASTE CELLS SO CHEMICAL SENSES LA English DT Note ID BUD CELLS; ULTRASTRUCTURE AB New techniques for enzymatic dissociation of mammalian taste cells allowed us to study, for the first time, the morphology of murine taste receptor cells using high resolution scanning electron microscopy. Cell shape varied from spindle to bipolar to lamellar, similar to shapes previously described in cells from amphibian taste buds. Cell length varied from 19 to 65-mu-m (39 +/- 19-mu-m), with width averaging 6 +/- 3.4-mu-m. A rare picture of the apical microvilli of a taste receptor cell, and a view of microvilli within a taste pore. suggest that at any given time, five to eight taste cells may be exposed to the oral cavity. Assuming a cell life-span of 10 days, and 50 cells per bud, all of which eventually reach the taste pore, one can calculate that the average cell is exposed to the oral environment for approximately 4-5 h. After this time, these cells may fuse into the surrounding epithelium and slough off into the oral cavity where secretions of the major or von Ebner's salivary glands remove them. C1 UNIV PENN, RES STRUCT MATTER LAB, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. RP NYU, COLL DENT, DEPT ORAL MED & PATHOL, 345 E 24TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0379-864X EI 1464-3553 J9 CHEM SENSES JI Chem. Senses PD AUG PY 1992 VL 17 IS 4 BP 451 EP 460 DI 10.1093/chemse/17.4.451 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA JL988 UT WOS:A1992JL98800008 ER PT J AU HUQUE, T BRAND, JG RABINOWITZ, JL AF HUQUE, T BRAND, JG RABINOWITZ, JL TI METABOLISM OF INOSITOL-1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE IN THE TASTE ORGAN OF THE CHANNEL CATFISH, ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INOSITOL 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE; TRISPHOSPHATE KINASE; BOVINE BRAIN; RAT-BRAIN; 3-KINASE; CA-2+; TETRAKISPHOSPHATE; CALMODULIN; ACTIVATION; MEMBRANES AB 1. The metabolism of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate was studied in the taste organ (barbel) of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. 2. Homogenates of epithelial barbel scrapings were incubated with [H-3]-1,4,5-IP3, whose dephosphorylation or phosphorylation was assayed under first-order conditions by measuring the production of either [H-3]-1,4-IP2 (representing the activity of IP3-5-phosphatase) or [H-3]-1,3,4,5-IP4 (representing the activity of IP3-3-kinase). 3. Both enzymes were predominantly cytosolic, magnesium-dependent and maximally active at pH 6.4. For IP3-phosphatase, K(m) = 6-mu-M and V(max) = 10.5 nmol/min/mg. For IP3-kinase, K(m) = 0.23-mu-M and V(max) = 0.05 nmol/min/mg. 4. Neither enzyme was significantly affected by the presence of taste stimuli (amino acids), GTP-gamma-S, cAMP or phorbol esters. 5. In the presence of physiological levels of free calcium (0.05-12-mu-M) IP3-phosphatase was moderately activated whereas IP3-kinase was moderately inhibited. 6. IP3-phosphatase was moderately activated by Mn2+, unaffected by LiCl, and strongly inhibited by 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, Na-pyrophosphate, CdCl2, HgCl2, CUCl2, FeCl3 and ZnSO4 7. IP3-kinase was strongly activated by 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, Na-pyrophosphate, CdCl2, HgCl2, FeCl3 and LiCl and inhibited by ZnSO4 and Mn2+. 8. IP3-kinase was significantly activated in a calcium-dependent manner by exogenously-added phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, and to a lesser extent by diacylglycerol. IP3-phosphatase, was unaffected by exogenously-added lipids. 9. IP3-phosphatase may participate in taste transduction since calculations based on the first-order rate constant (6.9 sec-1) indicate that it is capable of dephosphorylating basal levels of IP3 with a half-life of 0.1 sec. C1 UNIV PENN,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH DENT MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP HUQUE, T (reprint author), MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,3500 MARKET ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [SO7RR05825]; NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-00327, DC-00356] NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0491 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 102 IS 4 BP 833 EP 839 DI 10.1016/0305-0491(92)90088-9 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA JH263 UT WOS:A1992JH26300028 PM 1327660 ER PT J AU PUGH, JA WAGNER, ML SAWYER, J RAMIREZ, G TULEY, M FRIEDBERG, SJ AF PUGH, JA WAGNER, ML SAWYER, J RAMIREZ, G TULEY, M FRIEDBERG, SJ TI IS COMBINATION SULFONYLUREA AND INSULIN THERAPY USEFUL IN NIDDM PATIENTS - A METAANALYSIS SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; SECONDARY DRUG FAILURE; DOUBLE-BLIND; FOLLOW-UP; GLIBENCLAMIDE; GLYBURIDE; TERM; GLUCOREGULATION; REQUIREMENT; METABOLISM AB OBJECTIVE - To assess the efficacy of combination of therapy with sulfonylurea in the treatment of NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Studies published between January 1966 and January 1991 were identified through a computerized Medline search and by hand searching the bibliographies of identified articles. We identified 17 eligible randomized, controlled trials of combination therapy in NIDDM. These trials had a minimum duration of 8 wk and at least one of three outcome measures (fasting glucose, HbA1, or C-peptide) with SD or SE of the mean reported to do metaanalysis. With standardized forms, three independent reviewers abstracted measures of study quality and specific descriptive information about population, intervention, and outcome measurements. RESULTS - We calculated effect size and weighted mean changes of the three outcome measures for control and treatment groups. In the treatment group, the fasting plasma glucose decreased from a mean of 11.4 mM (206 mg/dl) at baseline to a mean of 9.16 mM (165 mg/dl) posttreatment, whereas the control group decreased from (11.3 to 10.8 mM) (204 to 194 mg/dl) (effect size 0.39, P < 0.0001). For HbA1, the treatment group decreased from a baseline of 11.0 to 10.2% compared to 11.0 and 11.2% in the control group (effect size 0.43, P < 0.0001). For fasting C-peptide, the treatment group increased from 0.49 to 0.58 nM (1.45 to 1.75 ng/ml) compared with 0.47 and 0.43 (1.42 and 1.30) for the control group (effect size 0.26, P < 0.017). CONCLUSIONS - Combined insulin-sulfonylurea therapy leads to modest imporvement in glycemic control compared with insulin therapy alone. With combined therapy, lower insulin doses may be used to achieve similar control. Obese patients with higher fasting C-peptides may be more likely to respond than others. RP PUGH, JA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X NR 38 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 1992 VL 15 IS 8 BP 953 EP 959 DI 10.2337/diacare.15.8.953 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JF369 UT WOS:A1992JF36900002 PM 1387073 ER PT J AU LIVINGSTON, EH PASSARO, EP MILLER, J GUTH, PH AF LIVINGSTON, EH PASSARO, EP MILLER, J GUTH, PH TI SPECTRUM OF INJURY PRODUCED IN THE DUODENUM BY PERFUSION WITH LUMINAL ACID IN THE RAT SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALKALINE SECRETION; HCO3 TRANSPORT; PH GRADIENT; SURFACE; MUCOSA; INVIVO; MECHANISMS; INVITRO; DAMAGE C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CTR ULCER RES & EDUC,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP LIVINGSTON, EH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,SURG SERV,691-151H,BLDG 115,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD AUG PY 1992 VL 103 IS 2 BP 481 EP 489 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JF014 UT WOS:A1992JF01400016 PM 1634066 ER PT J AU SHUSTER, E AF SHUSTER, E TI WHEN GENES DETERMINE MOTHERHOOD - PROBLEMS IN GESTATIONAL SURROGACY SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE SURROGACY; LAW AB Gestational surrogacy in which a commissioning couple's egg and spermatozoon are united in vitro and the resulting embryo is implanted in a woman's uterus is, of all the new methods for overcoming infertility, the most genetically appealing. This is because the genes are often perceived as determining all aspects of human health, disease and even behaviour. Having a child with the genes of both parents has become far more attractive to most infertile couples than having one who is only genetically related to the father. However, gestational surrogacy has created a situation where one child has two mothers, each one claiming to be the 'true' mother having exclusive parental rights. Surrogacy arrangements also raise the question of the meaning of motherhood. RP SHUSTER, E (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1029 EP 1033 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA JK922 UT WOS:A1992JK92200030 PM 1430122 ER PT J AU COX, RA SUN, SH DOLAN, MJ HARRISON, JL AF COX, RA SUN, SH DOLAN, MJ HARRISON, JL TI LOCALIZATION OF THE TUBE PRECIPITIN AND COMPLEMENT-FIXATION ANTIGENS OF COCCIDIOIDES-IMMITIS BY IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY WITH MURINE MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID WALL FRACTION; REACTIVITY; PROTEIN AB The cellular localization of the tube precipitin (TP) and complement fixation (CF) antigens of Coccidioides immitis was examined by immunoelectron microscopy with murine immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibodies directed against the TP and CF antigens, respectively. Immunoelectron microscopic analyses of saprobic- and parasitic-phase cells showed that the TP antigen is present at a high concentration within the inner cell wall layer and along the plasma membrane. The antigen was also detected, at a lesser concentration, within cytoplasmic vacuoles. In contrast to the predominant localization of the TP antigen in the cell walls, the CF antigen resides primarily within the cytoplasm, where it appears to be dispersed throughout the cytoplasm rather than associated with a specific cytoplasmic organelle. A sparse amount of the CF antigen within the inner cell walls was also demonstrable. The localization of the TP and CF antigens throughout the morphogenetic phases of C. immitis has important implications in antigen production and in analyses of host response in coccidioidomycosis. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. RP COX, RA (reprint author), SAN ANTONIO STATE CHEST HOSP,DEPT RES IMMUNOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78223, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI21431] NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3315 EP 3324 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JG023 UT WOS:A1992JG02300041 PM 1639499 ER PT J AU EISENHAUER, PB LEHRER, RI AF EISENHAUER, PB LEHRER, RI TI MOUSE NEUTROPHILS LACK DEFENSINS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION; PEPTIDES AB Defensins are broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides that are abundant in human, rat, and rabbit neutrophils. We now report that neutrophils from nine strains of mice lacked appreciable defensin content. Mice may therefore be imperfect experimental surrogates for humans or rats in models of infection in which neutrophil function is significant. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET ADM HOSP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP LEHRER, RI (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-29595, AI22839] NR 16 TC 153 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3446 EP 3447 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JG023 UT WOS:A1992JG02300059 PM 1639513 ER PT J AU BAUER, RL HAFFNER, SM AF BAUER, RL HAFFNER, SM TI AXIAL SKELETAL BONE-DENSITY IN MEXICAN-AMERICAN (MA) AND NON-HISPANIC WHITE (NHW) WOMEN SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S195 EP S195 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500410 ER PT J AU FREYALDENHOVENKITTEN, AM KATZ, MS AF FREYALDENHOVENKITTEN, AM KATZ, MS TI BIDIRECTIONAL MODULATION OF PARATHYROID HORMONE-RESPONSIVE ADENYLATE-CYCLASE BY PROTEIN-KINASE-C SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S104 EP S104 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500048 ER PT J AU REDDY, SV KUZHANDAIVELU, N TAKAHASHI, S HOSKING, D SINGER, FR ROODMAN, GD AF REDDY, SV KUZHANDAIVELU, N TAKAHASHI, S HOSKING, D SINGER, FR ROODMAN, GD TI PARAMYXOVIRAL TRANSCRIPTS ARE EXPRESSED IN FRESHLY ISOLATED MARROW-CELLS AND MARROW-DERIVED MULTINUCLEATED CELLS (MNC) FROM PAGETS PATIENTS BUT NOT FROM NORMALS SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. CITY HOSP NOTTINGHAM,NOTTINGHAM NG5 1PD,ENGLAND. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S115 EP S115 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500091 ER PT J AU REDDY, SV SCARCEZ, T WINDLE, J LEACH, R ROBERTS, M CHOU, J ROODMAN, GD AF REDDY, SV SCARCEZ, T WINDLE, J LEACH, R ROBERTS, M CHOU, J ROODMAN, GD TI FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 5' FLANKING SEQUENCE FOR MURINE TARTRATE RESISTANT ACID-PHOSPHATASE (TRAP) SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S111 EP S111 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500076 ER PT J AU TAKAHASHI, S REDDY, S ROODMAN, GD AF TAKAHASHI, S REDDY, S ROODMAN, GD TI DEVELOPMENT OF A HUMAN MARROW STROMAL CELL-LINE THAT ENHANCES OSTEOCLAST-LIKE MULTINUCLEATED CELL (MNC) FORMATION SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S315 EP S315 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500888 ER PT J AU YEH, CK HYMER, TK KATZ, MS AF YEH, CK HYMER, TK KATZ, MS TI LACK OF PARATHYROID-HORMONE RESPONSE IN RAT MANDIBULAR BONE-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT DENT DIAG SCI,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S205 EP S205 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500450 ER PT J AU STRACK, S AF STRACK, S TI PROFILE CLUSTERS FOR MEN AND WOMEN ON THE PERSONALITY ADJECTIVE CHECK LIST SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID MCMI-II; SCALES; INVENTORY AB This study examined the major personality profiles found for men and women on the Personality Adjective Check List (Strack, 1991b). Subjects were 1,058 men and 1,194 women from a number of samples of normal adults (Strack, 1991b). Ward's (1963) agglomerative hierarchical procedure yielded five clusters for men and four for women that were replicated in subsequent K-means nonhierarchical analyses. Correlates of cluster membership obtained from subgroups of subjects on four personality measures provided strong evidence for the classification. RP STRACK, S (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OUTPATIENT CLIN,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,425 S HILL ST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90013, USA. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 59 IS 1 BP 204 EP 217 DI 10.1207/s15327752jpa5901_17 PG 14 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA JG141 UT WOS:A1992JG14100017 PM 16370856 ER PT J AU CARDOZO, C EDELMAN, J LESSER, M AF CARDOZO, C EDELMAN, J LESSER, M TI LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED STIMULATION OF ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE OPSONIN-INDEPENDENT PHAGOCYTOSIS SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; INDUCED LUNG INJURY; CANINE MODEL; ENDOTOXIN; COMPLEMENT; SHOCK; RATS; INFECTIONS; LEUKOCYTES; INVITRO C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PULM SECT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468. MT SINAI MED CTR,DEPT MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 53 IS 2 BP 170 EP 174 DI 10.1016/0022-4804(92)90030-4 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA JN949 UT WOS:A1992JN94900010 PM 1405605 ER PT J AU LONDON, MJ FRANKS, M VERRIER, ED MERRICK, SH LEVIN, J MANGANO, DT AF LONDON, MJ FRANKS, M VERRIER, ED MERRICK, SH LEVIN, J MANGANO, DT TI THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF 10 PERCENT PENTASTARCH AS A CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS PRIMING SOLUTION - A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID WEIGHT HYDROXYETHYL STARCH; LACTATED RINGERS SOLUTION; OXYGEN-TRANSPORT; PULMONARY-EDEMA; ALBUMIN; HEMODILUTION; HEMODYNAMICS; COAGULATION; INCREASES; PRESSURE AB Ten percent pentastarch is a low-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch with greater oncotic pressure and shorter intravascular persistence than 6 % hetastarch. To evaluate its safety and efficacy as a component of cardiopulmonary bypass priming solution, we prospectively studied 90 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or valve replacement necessitating cardiopulmonary bypass (bubble oxygenator and moderate systemic hypothermia). Sixty patients were randomized to receive 75 gm of either 10 % pentastarch (group P) or 25 % albumin (group A), and 30 patients received lactated Ringer's solution alone (group C). Intravascular colloid osmotic pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass was highest with either of the colloid primes (15-minute measurement: group P, 15.7 +/- 2.2 mm Hg (mean +/- standard deviation); group A, 15.2 +/- 2.0 mm Hg; group C, 11.3 +/- 1.7 mm Hg, p < 0.05, groups P and A compared with group C). This was associated with a lower volume requirement during cardiopulmonary bypass to maintain the venous reservoir (group P, 333 +/- 318 ml; group A, 483 +/- 472 ml; group C, 1332 +/- 1013 ml; p < 0.05, groups P and A compared with group C). Urine output during cardiopulmonary bypass was similar in each group. Net intraoperative fluid balance was lowest in the colloid groups (groups P and A, 5.7 +/- 1.4 L; group C, 6.9 +/-1.3 L; p < 0.05, groups P and A compared with group C). Cardiac index shortly after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass was greatest in group P (group P, 3.2 +/- 0.9; group A, 2.8 +/- 0.8; group C, 2.7 +/- 0.6 dyne . sec . cm-5; p < 0.05, group P compared with group C). Changes in alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients, shunt fraction, and effective compliance were similar in all groups. During cardiopulmonary bypass, pentastarch appeared to cause the greatest degree of hemodilution, as suggested by the lowest hemoglobin, factor VII and IX levels and platelet count. The activated partial thromboplastin time was significantly prolonged during and immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass in group P relative to groups A and C (p < 0.05), although there were no significant differences in the activated clotting time before cardiopulmonary bypass, during cardiopulmonary bypass, or after heparin neutralization. As well, clinical indices of hemostasis, including mediastinal drainage, red cell, platelet, and fresh frozen plasma requirements, and reoperation for excessive postoperative bleeding, were similar. We conclude that pentastarch, when used in cardiopulmonary bypass prime, is as safe as either albumin or Ringer's solution alone. Its greater oncotic pressure and intravascular persistence appear to confer at least short-term physiologic benefits, especially when compared with Ringer's solution alone. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT ANESTHESIA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT CARDIAC SURG,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT LAB MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP LONDON, MJ (reprint author), SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ANESTHESIA 112A,1055 CLERMONT,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. NR 32 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-5223 J9 J THORAC CARDIOV SUR JI J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 104 IS 2 BP 284 EP 296 PG 13 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA JH475 UT WOS:A1992JH47500009 PM 1379660 ER PT J AU ONEIL, MB WOODARD, M SOSA, V HUNTER, L MULROW, CD GERETY, MB TULEY, M AF ONEIL, MB WOODARD, M SOSA, V HUNTER, L MULROW, CD GERETY, MB TULEY, M TI PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT PROTOCOL FOR NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE ELDERLY; NURSING HOMES; PHYSICAL THERAPY ID AGREEMENT; SCALE; INDEX AB This article describes a standard protocol for assessing physical function in elderly nursing home residents. Major physical dimensions that are measured with the protocol include range of motion, muscle force, muscle reflex activity, sensation, soft tissue status, balance/coordination, and posture. A practical, functionally prioritized treatment model based on the assessment is also presented The standardized assessment and treatment plan may be useful to the physical therapist in (1) planning and prioritizing treatment, (2) identifying when goals have been met, (3) recognizing when there is a need for treatment plan modification, and (4) educating physical therapy students in applying problem-solving skills in their treatment sessions. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,QUAL LIFE PROJECTS,AMBULATORY CARE 11C,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GEN MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GERIATR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DIV GERIATR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIA NIH HHS [UOIAG09117-01] NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER PHYS THER ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 72 IS 8 BP 596 EP 604 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA JH066 UT WOS:A1992JH06600010 PM 1635944 ER PT J AU CHIODO, LK GERETY, MB MULROW, CD RHODES, MC TULEY, MR AF CHIODO, LK GERETY, MB MULROW, CD RHODES, MC TULEY, MR TI PHYSICAL THERAPY EVALUATION IS CRUCIAL - RESPONSE SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Letter C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,EDUC & CLIN CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP CHIODO, LK (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GEN MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYS THER ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 72 IS 8 BP 610 EP 611 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA JH066 UT WOS:A1992JH06600018 ER PT J AU TALAL, N AF TALAL, N TI SJOGRENS-SYNDROME - HISTORICAL OVERVIEW AND CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF DISEASE SO RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DEO9311-01] NR 14 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0889-857X J9 RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM JI Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 18 IS 3 BP 507 EP 515 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA LA278 UT WOS:A1992LA27800002 PM 1496158 ER PT J AU BRUNSWICK, DJ BENMANSOUR, S TEJANIBUTT, SM HAUPTMANN, M AF BRUNSWICK, DJ BENMANSOUR, S TEJANIBUTT, SM HAUPTMANN, M TI EFFECTS OF HIGH-DOSE METHAMPHETAMINE ON MONOAMINE UPTAKE SITES IN RAT-BRAIN MEASURED BY QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY SO SYNAPSE LA English DT Article DE NEUROTOXICITY; SEROTONIN; DOPAMINE; NOREPINEPHRINE ID TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; SEROTONERGIC NERVE-TERMINALS; NOREPINEPHRINE UPTAKE SITES; TRYPTOPHAN-HYDROXYLASE; -LABELED DESIPRAMINE; FILM AUTORADIOGRAPHY; H-3 CYANOIMIPRAMINE; METHYLAMPHETAMINE; DOPAMINE; BINDING AB The neurotoxicity of methamphetamine to monoaminergic neurons was examined. Neurotoxicity was assessed by quantitative autoradiography using radioligands specific for binding to norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin uptake sites. High-dose administration of methamphetamine led to decreases in binding to uptake sites for the three monoamines. Norepinephrine binding sites were decreased in certain amygdaloid nuclei and in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus. Serotonin binding sites were reduced in widespread brain areas, while dopamine binding sites were reduced in the caudate putamen, olfactory tubercle, and nucleus accumbens. The decreases in binding site density for the three monoamines are limited to terminal field areas; cell body areas are not affected. Our results indicate that methamphetamine is neurotoxic to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine neurons. The neurotoxicity to norepinephrine neurons is in selected brain areas. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP BRUNSWICK, DJ (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL UNIT 151E,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05137]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 45472] NR 39 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-4476 J9 SYNAPSE JI Synapse PD AUG PY 1992 VL 11 IS 4 BP 287 EP 293 DI 10.1002/syn.890110404 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA JF141 UT WOS:A1992JF14100003 PM 1502685 ER PT J AU HALE, RL RANDALL, CL BECKER, HC MIDDAUGH, LD AF HALE, RL RANDALL, CL BECKER, HC MIDDAUGH, LD TI THE EFFECT OF PRENATAL ETHANOL EXPOSURE ON SCENTMARKING IN THE C57BL/6J AND C3H/HE MOUSE STRAINS SO ALCOHOL LA English DT Article DE PRENATAL ETHANOL; SEXUAL DIMORPHISM; SCENTMARKING; MICE STRAINS ID SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC NUCLEUS; PITUITARY-ADRENAL ACTIVITY; ALCOHOL EXPOSURE; PREOPTIC AREA; MALE-RATS; SACCHARIN PREFERENCE; AROMATASE-ACTIVITY; FEMALE RATS; ADULT; TESTOSTERONE AB In utero exposure to ethanol has been shown to alter sexually dimorphic behaviors in rats. However, it is not clear whether this phenomenon is robust in other species, such as the mouse, which is sensitive to ethanol-induced birth defects. Further, it is not known whether significant differences exist across murine strains. If similar to the classic teratogenic effects of ethanol, it would be expected that strain differences in sensitivity should be evident, with some strains demonstrating an alteration in sexually dimorphic behavior and other strains demonstrating little or no effect. As a first attempt to address these issues, we have examined two mouse strains widely used in prenatal alcohol research, the inbred C3H/He and C57BL/6J strains. Scentmarking was selected as the behavior of interest. It is robustly sexually dimorphic in the rat and mouse, with males marking more than females and preliminary reports have demonstrated that in utero ethanol exposure reduces this behavior in the male rat. In the mouse strains selected for study, pregnant females were provided with either a liquid diet consisting of 25% ethanol-derived calories or pair-fed an isocaloric liquid diet from gestation days 6-18. An additional control group was included which was fed laboratory chow ad lib throughout gestation. Male and female offspring of each strain were tested for scentmarking at 65-75 days of age. As expected, results showed that the effect of prenatal ethanol exposure on scentmarking varied with both strain and sex. In the C3H/He strain, scentmarking was reduced significantly in male ethanol-exposed offspring (i.e., the males were feminized). In contrast, prenatally exposed C57BL/6J males did not differ significantly from their control. No changes in scentmarking due to prenatal treatment were detected in females of either strain. These findings suggest that the demasculinization of behavior noted in rats also can be found in mice but that not all murine strains are equally susceptible. Thus, mice may prove to be valuable murine complements to other rodent models in the investigation of the mechanism(s) underlying changes in sexually dimorphic behaviors due to prenatal ethanol exposure. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP HALE, RL (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV 151,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29403, USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA07474, AA06611] NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0741-8329 J9 ALCOHOL JI Alcohol PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 9 IS 4 BP 287 EP 292 DI 10.1016/0741-8329(92)90068-L PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JD742 UT WOS:A1992JD74200002 PM 1637494 ER PT J AU XIN, Y ROSMAN, AS LASKER, JM LIEBER, CS AF XIN, Y ROSMAN, AS LASKER, JM LIEBER, CS TI MEASUREMENT OF CARBOHYDRATE-DEFICIENT TRANSFERRIN BY ISOELECTRIC-FOCUSING WESTERN BLOTTING AND BY MICRO ANION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY RADIOIMMUNOASSAY - COMPARISON OF DIAGNOSTIC-ACCURACY SO ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLISM LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; MARKERS; CURVES AB At present, the most reliable marker of recent and heavy alcohol intake is carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT). While most CDT quantitation methods (including immunofixation and micro anion-exchange chromatography [MAEC] combined with radioimmunoassay [RIA]) either lack the precision required for diagnostic usage or are not commercially available, we recently described an isoelectric focusing/Western blotting (IEF/WB) procedure that provides sensitive and specific assessment of serum CDT content. However, a modified MAEC/RIA kit, supposedly more reliable than the original, is also being advanced as suitable for widespread clinical application. Therefore, we compared this modified MAEC/RIA procedure to the IEF/WB method of CDT quantitation in the following 108 subjects; 53 alcoholics undergoing detoxification without clinical or histological evidence of liver disease, 24 recently drinking alcoholics with biopsy-proven liver disease, eight alcoholics abstinent for more than 30 days with biopsy-proven liver disease, seven non-drinking patients with non-alcoholic liver disease, and 16 healthy controls. Although CDT measurements by the two methods were correlated (r = 0.60, P <0.01), serum CDT values obtained with IEF/WB were nearly five-fold higher than those obtained with MAEC/RIA (e.g. 140.0 +/- 58 versus 28.5 +/- 16 mg/l among the active drinkers). Of the two methods, IEF/WB exhibited significantly greater sensitivity than MAEC/RIA for detecting recent, heavy drinking (75% versus 61 %, P < 0.05) and generated no false positives whereas MAEC/RIA gave falsely elevated CDT levels in 37% of the abstinent alcoholics. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, which was used to assess the accuracy of the two methods for discriminating alcoholics admitted for detoxification from healthy controls, suggested an increase in area under the ROC curve for IEF/WB compared to MAEC/RIA (0.92 versus 0.86, P = 0.09). For discriminating recent drinkers with liver disease from non-drinking patients with liver disease (including abstinent alcoholics), the area under the ROC curve was significantly greater for IEF/WB compared to MAEC/RIA (0.97 versus 0.68, P < 0.001). Serum CDT/total transferrin ratios, the latter of which was measured by ELISA, offered no advantage over serum CDT alone as determined by either method for distinguishing heavy drinking. Our results indicate that for detecting recent and heavy alcohol misuse, the IEF/WB method of serum CDT measurement has a greater degree of diagnostic accuracy than the modified MAEC/RIA method, particularly in the presence of liver disease. C1 ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT CTR,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,NEW YORK,NY. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-07802, AA-03508] NR 15 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0735-0414 J9 ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM JI Alcohol Alcohol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 425 EP 433 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA JZ243 UT WOS:A1992JZ24300014 PM 1418115 ER PT J AU GEFFNER, DL HERSHMAN, JM AF GEFFNER, DL HERSHMAN, JM TI BETA-ADRENERGIC-BLOCKADE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTHYROIDISM SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ADRENOCEPTOR BLOCKING-AGENTS; SERUM THYROID-HORMONES; HYPER-THYROIDISM; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; GRAVES-DISEASE; CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS; PREOPERATIVE TREATMENT; CALCIUM CONCENTRATION; THYROTOXIC PATIENTS; SURGICAL-TREATMENT AB PURPOSE: To review the clinical and biochemical effects of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs on hyperthyroidism. MATERIALs AND METHODS: Studies published since 1972 were identified through a computerized search of MEDLINE and extensive searching of the bibliographies of the articles identified. Based on an understanding of the differences in beta-blocker metabolism in euthyroid and hyperthyroid patients, we reviewed the differences in pharmacokinetics and metabolic and clinical outcomes during their use in hyperthyroidism, as reported in the articles reviewed. RESULTS: beta-Blockers have been used to modify the severity of the hyperadrenergic symptoms of hyperthyroidism for the past 20 years. The clinical efficacy of these agents is affected by hyperthyroid-induced alterations in their gastrointestinal absorption, hepatic metabolism, and renal excretion. The mechanisms whereby these clinical changes are effected is unknown. The agents differ in their beta-1 cardioselectivity, membrane-stabilizing activity, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and lipid solubility. They do not appear to alter synthesis or secretion of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. Their effects on thyroxine metabolism are contradictory. Decreased thyroxine to triiodothyronine conversion is caused by some, but not all, beta-blockers, and this appears to correlate with membrane-stabilizing activity. There does not appear to be any alteration in catecholamine sensitivity during beta-adrenergic blockade. CONCLUSIONS: The principal mechanism of action of beta-blockers in hyperthyroidism is to antagonize beta-receptor-mediated effects of catecholamines. beta-Blockers are effective in treating hypermetabolic symptoms in a variety of hyperthyroid states. Used alone, they offer significant symptomatic relief. They are also useful adjuvants to antithyroid medications, surgery, and radioactive iodide treatment in patients with Graves' disease and toxic nodular goiters. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV ENDOCRINOL & METAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP GEFFNER, DL (reprint author), CIGNA HLTH PLANS CALIF,DIV ENDOCRINOL & METAB,1711 W TEMPLE ST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90026, USA. NR 136 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 4 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 93 IS 1 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90681-Z PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JC655 UT WOS:A1992JC65500011 PM 1352658 ER PT J AU ZEIDEL, ML HAMMOND, T BOTELHO, B HARRIS, HW AF ZEIDEL, ML HAMMOND, T BOTELHO, B HARRIS, HW TI FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOSOMES FROM TOAD BLADDER EPITHELIAL-CELLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE VASOPRESSIN; WATER PERMEABILITY; KIDNEY; COLLECTING DUCT; ENDOCYTOSIS; TOAD URINARY BLADDER ID WATER PERMEABILITY RESPONSE; URINARY-BLADDER; ANTIDIURETIC-HORMONE; ENDOCYTIC VESICLES; MEMBRANE-VESICLES; TRANSPORT; CHANNELS; PROTON; FLOW; MARKERS AB Previous functional studies of toad bladder endosomes have been complicated by the presence of multiple endosome subpopulations each possessing different permeability characteristics. To identify and characterize both water channel-containing vesicles (WCV) and other endosome sub-populations, we combined flow cytometry, electron microscopy, stop-flow fluorometry, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Flow cytometry of endosomes identified distinct populations of fluorescein-labeled endosomes in bladders after removal of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) stimulation (ADH withdrawal). Centrifugation separated the larger fluorescein-labeled vesicles, sedimenting at lower speed (intermediate pellet, IP), from the smaller fluorescein-labeled vesicles, sedimenting at high speed (high-speed pellet, HSP). Permeability and structural studies of these subpopulations revealed the following. 1) IP endosomes labeled 10 min after ADH withdrawal (ADH IP) represented a highly purified population of WCV with high water permeability (P(f)) that exhibited a low-activation energy and sensitivity to organic mercurials. 2) IP endosomes from unstimulated bladders did not contain functional water channels. 3) HSP from either ADH withdrawal or unstimulated bladders exhibited low P(f) and acidified after addition of extravesicular ATP; moreover, protein compositions of purified HSP were distinct from those of purified IP. These results suggest that HSPs represent constitutive and not ADH-sensitive endosomes. 4) High permeability to protons (P(H+)) was seen in ADH IP endosomes but not the other fractions, providing strong evidence that the ADH water channel conducts protons. 5) Multivesicular bodies (MVB) exhibited low P(f) and P(H+), indicating that they do not possess functional water channels. 6) Because protein compositions of ADH IP and MVB were strikingly similar, it is possible that water channel proteins are transferred from the 10-min IP fraction to MVB and inactivated. C1 CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02115. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02115. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53792. VET ADM MED CTR W ROXBURY,RES SERV,BOSTON,MA 02132. RP ZEIDEL, ML (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR W ROXBURY,MED SERV,RENAL SECT,1400 VFW PKWY,BOSTON,MA 02132, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK-43955, DK-38744] NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 263 IS 1 BP F62 EP F76 PN 2 PG 15 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JF321 UT WOS:A1992JF32100082 PM 1636745 ER PT J AU WIRSHING, WC VANPUTTEN, T ROSENBERG, J MARDER, S AMES, D HICKSGRAY, T AF WIRSHING, WC VANPUTTEN, T ROSENBERG, J MARDER, S AMES, D HICKSGRAY, T TI FLUOXETINE, AKATHISIA, AND SUICIDALITY - IS THERE A CAUSAL CONNECTION SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter ID DRUGS RP WIRSHING, WC (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 7 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JUL PY 1992 VL 49 IS 7 BP 580 EP 581 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JC527 UT WOS:A1992JC52700010 PM 1627050 ER PT J AU SPEEG, KV DELEON, C MCGUIRE, WL AF SPEEG, KV DELEON, C MCGUIRE, WL TI UPTAKE OF THE NONCYTOTOXIC TRANSPORT PROBE PROCAINAMIDE IN THE CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY MODEL OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-DRUG RESISTANCE; CELL-LINES; P388 LEUKEMIA; CYTOSOLIC PH; TUMOR-CELLS; VINCRISTINE; ADRIAMYCIN; VERAPAMIL; TISSUES; ACCUMULATION AB Many of the cytotoxic substrates of the multidrug transporter are organic cations. Cimetidine, procainamide, and tetraethylammonium bromide were used in a Chinese hamster ovary model of multidrug resistance, to study handling of noncytotoxic cationic transport probes. Cimetidine and procainamide, but not tetraethylammonium, accumulated to a greater extent (5-fold) in the sensitive CHOAUXB1 (AB) cell line than in the resistant CH(R)C5 (C5) cell line. Accumulation of both cimetidine and procainamide was significantly increased by verapamil in C5 but not AB. Procainamide accumulation in both AB and C5 was temperature dependent and occurred by passive diffusion. Diltiazem, nifedipine, rifampin, tamoxifen, rhodamine, and ethidium also increased procainamide accumulation in C5 but not AB. Azide in glucose-free medium increased procainamide accumulation in C5, and this was reversed when glucose, but not 3-O-methylglucose, was added. Procainamide efflux rates were similar in AB and C5 and not affected by verapamil or azide. The initial rate of procainamide uptake was higher in AB than in C5, and both verapamil and azide increased the initial rate of procainamide uptake in C5. Thus, differences in accumulation of the noncytotoxic transport probe procainamide in the colchicine-sensitive and colchicine-resistant components of the Chinese hamster ovary cell line mimic the accumulation of known cytotoxic substrates for the multidrug transporter, such as colchicine, vinblastine, and doxorubicin. The differential accumulation of procainamide is due to differences in rates of drug influx, rather than efflux. Since procainamide influx is passive and decreased accumulation in the resistant line appears to parallel M(r) 170,000 glycoprotein presence and activity, we would speculate that decreased procainamide accumulation may be due to an indirect effect of the M(r) 170,000 glycoprotein, such as its effect on intracellular pH. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL NUTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV ONCOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA30195] NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 13 BP 3539 EP 3546 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JA764 UT WOS:A1992JA76400005 PM 1617623 ER PT J AU TALAL, N AF TALAL, N TI PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY - INTRODUCTION SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESPONSES; HORMONES C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP TALAL, N (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 64 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 DI 10.1016/0090-1229(92)90050-X PG 1 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA JA541 UT WOS:A1992JA54100003 ER PT J AU TALAL, N AF TALAL, N TI PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY - COMMENTARY SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77225. RP TALAL, N (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 64 IS 1 BP 28 EP 29 DI 10.1016/0090-1229(92)90055-S PG 2 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA JA541 UT WOS:A1992JA54100008 PM 1606748 ER PT J AU HIRAYAMA, F CLARK, SC OGAWA, M AF HIRAYAMA, F CLARK, SC OGAWA, M TI GROWTH-FACTOR REQUIREMENT OF LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,CHARLESTON,SC. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. GENET INST,CAMBRIDGE,MA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 6 BP 734 EP 734 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA734 UT WOS:A1992JA73400118 ER PT J AU SHIH, JP OGAWA, M AF SHIH, JP OGAWA, M TI MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY J11D2 RECOGNIZES THE CELL CYCLE-DORMANT MULTIPOTENTIAL PROGENITORS SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 6 BP 742 EP 742 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA734 UT WOS:A1992JA73400150 ER PT J AU SCHILLER, JH BITTNER, G OBERLEY, TD KAO, C HARRIS, C MEISNER, LF AF SCHILLER, JH BITTNER, G OBERLEY, TD KAO, C HARRIS, C MEISNER, LF TI ESTABLISHMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A SV40 T-ANTIGEN IMMORTALIZED HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELL LINE SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN UROEPITHELIAL CELLS; TRANSFORMATION; TRANSFECTION; INVITRO; VIRUS C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,DEPT CYTOGENET,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP SCHILLER, JH (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,DEPT HUMAN ONCOL,K4-666 CLIN SCI CTR,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 9 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI COLUMBIA PA 8815 CENTRE PARK DR,STE 210, COLUMBIA, MD 21045 SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 28A IS 7-8 BP 461 EP 464 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA JN521 UT WOS:A1992JN52100001 PM 1522038 ER PT J AU ZUCKERMAN, SH QURESHI, N AF ZUCKERMAN, SH QURESHI, N TI INVIVO INHIBITION OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED LETHALITY AND TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR SYNTHESIS BY RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES DIPHOSPHORYL LIPID-A IS DEPENDENT ON CORTICOSTERONE INDUCTION SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID 17023 BLOCKS INDUCTION; ENDOTOXIN-SHOCK; SEPTIC SHOCK; STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MACROPHAGES; CACHECTIN; MICE; INTERLEUKIN-1 AB Diphosphoryl lipid A from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Rs-DPLA) has been demonstrated to block in mice and guinea pigs the increase in the serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) response induced by highly purified deep rough chemotype LPS from Escherichia coli D31m4 (ReLPS). The present study was designed to determine the role of corticosterone induction by Rs-DPLA and its effect on TNF regulation and survival in lethal endotoxin shock models and to evaluate the ability of Rs-DPLA to induce endotoxin tolerance. Administration of a 100-fold excess of Rs-DPLA 1 h prior to ReLPS administration inhibited the characteristic peak in serum TNF levels induced by LPS. Inhibition was apparent in normal and D-galactosamine (GalN)-sensitized mice and occurred at the pretranslational level, as splenic TNF and interleukin-1-beta-mRNAs were present in lower amounts in LPS-stimulated mice pretreated with Rs-DPLA. Consistent with its effects in reducing serum TNF levels, Rs-DPLA pretreatment protected GalN-sensitized mice from a lethal ReLPS challenge. In contrast, Rs-DPLA did not inhibit the increase in the serum TNF response or protect against a lethal ReLPS challenge in parallel experiments with adrenalectomized (Adrex) mice, for which the 50% lethal dose of ReLPS was comparable to that for GalN-sensitized mice. Furthermore, Rs-DPLA appeared to prime Adrex animals and increase the magnitude of the serum TNF response to a suboptimal LPS stimulus. Priming by Rs-DPLA, however, was not observed in normal or GalN-sensitized mice. Although Rs-DPLA by itself was nontoxic and unable to elevate serum TNF levels in any of the models investigated, it did induce a significant increase in the serum corticosterone response and was capable of inducing endotoxin tolerance in normal mice. The inability of Rs-DPLA to protect Adrex mice from a lethal ReLPS stimulus or to inhibit the increase in the serum TNF response suggests that the protective effect of Rs-DPLA in normal or GalN-sensitized animals occurs through corticosterone induction. These results support the concept that endogenous glucocorticoids can modulate the endotoxic effects of LPS by inhibiting the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MYCOBACTERIOL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,COLL AGR & LIFE SCI,DEPT BACTERIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. RP ZUCKERMAN, SH (reprint author), ELI LILLY & CO,LILLY RES LAB,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46285, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-36054] NR 49 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 60 IS 7 BP 2581 EP 2587 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JB247 UT WOS:A1992JB24700004 PM 1612727 ER PT J AU GALGIANI, JN SUN, SH DUGGER, KO AMPEL, NM GRACE, GG HARRISON, J WIEDEN, MA AF GALGIANI, JN SUN, SH DUGGER, KO AMPEL, NM GRACE, GG HARRISON, J WIEDEN, MA TI AN ARTHROCONIDIAL-SPHERULE ANTIGEN OF COCCIDIOIDES-IMMITIS - DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION DURING INVITRO FUNGAL DEVELOPMENT AND EVIDENCE FOR HUMORAL RESPONSE IN HUMANS AFTER INFECTION OR VACCINATION SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TUBE PRECIPITIN ANTIGEN; ANTIBODY; RESISTANCE; EXTRACTION; PROTEIN AB A 33-kDa protein antigen purified from spherules of Coccidioides immitis was analyzed for ultrastructural localization and for binding to serum antibodies from infected or immunized humans. By using colloidal gold detection of affinity-purified anti-33-kDa protein antibodies, electron photomicrographs showed binding to the inner cell wall of arthroconidia and spherules and to the septa and glycocalyx surrounding endospores. Enzyme immunoassay measurements also demonstrated that the antigen was most abundant in mature spherules. Of 37 patients with coccidioidomycosis but without concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infections, all but 2 demonstrated immunoglobulin M (IgM) (usually with early infection) or IgG antibodies for the 33-kDa antigen. In contrast, only one of four HIV-infected patients with active coccidioidal infections demonstrated antibody. On the other hand, 107 of 108 patients without evident coccidioidomycosis and 15 of 16 patients with histoplasmosis did not have similar antibodies, indicating a high degree of specificity. Immunization of humans with a spherule vaccine produced IgM responses to this antigen that were not evident in placebo recipients. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LAB SERV,TUCSON,AZ 85723. UNIV ARIZONA,COLL MED,DEPT MED,TUCSON,AZ 85724. RP GALGIANI, JN (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED & RES SERV,TUCSON,AZ 85723, USA. NR 45 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 60 IS 7 BP 2627 EP 2635 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JB247 UT WOS:A1992JB24700011 PM 1612732 ER PT J AU BAKER, PJ HRABA, T TAYLOR, CE MYERS, KR TAKAYAMA, K QURESHI, N STUETZ, P KUSUMOTO, S HASEGAWA, A AF BAKER, PJ HRABA, T TAYLOR, CE MYERS, KR TAKAYAMA, K QURESHI, N STUETZ, P KUSUMOTO, S HASEGAWA, A TI STRUCTURAL FEATURES THAT INFLUENCE THE ABILITY OF LIPID-A AND ITS ANALOGS TO ABOLISH EXPRESSION OF SUPPRESSOR T-CELL ACTIVITY SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID III PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE; ANTIBODY-PRODUCING CELLS; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; NONTOXIC LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; MICE; INACTIVATION; REQUIREMENTS; LYMPHOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; MAGNITUDE AB Lipid A preparations derived from the lipopolysaccharides of several gram-negative bacteria, as well as chemically defined synthetic lipid A's and their analogs (both glucosamine mono- and disaccharides), were used to establish the chemical structures required for (i) abolishing the expression of suppressor T cell (Ts) function and (ii) inducing polyclonal activation of B cells. Salmonella minnesota R595 lipid A (diphosphoryl lipid A) possesses both of these activities. Decreasing the number of phosphate groups in lipid A from two to one (monophosphoryl lipid A) as well as decreasing the fatty acyl content, primarily by removing the residue at the 3 position, resulted in a progressive reduction in toxicity; however, these structural modifications did not influence its ability to abolish the expression of Ts function. Reducing the fatty acyl content from five to four (lipid A precursor IV(A) or I(a)) eliminated the capacity to influence Ts function but not to induce polyclonal activation of B cells. None of the monosaccharide analogs of lipid A examined influenced the expression of Ts activity, although some were able to activate B cells polyclonally. Thus, in order to be able to abolish the expression of Ts function, lipid A (i) must be a glucosamine disaccharide, (ii) may have either one or two phosphate groups, and (iii) must have at least five fatty acyl groups. Also, the chain length of the nonhydroxylated fatty acid, as well as the location of acyloxyacyl groups (2' versus 3' position), may play an important role. These findings indicate that the chemical structures responsible for the toxicity of lipid A differ from those that influence its capacity to abolish the expression of Ts function and to induce polyclonal activation of B cells. C1 RIBI IMMUNOCHEM RES INC,HAMILTON,MT 59840. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MYCOBACTERIOL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. GIFU UNIV,DEPT APPL BIOORGAN CHEM,GIFU 50111,JAPAN. SANDOZ GMBH,A-1235 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. OSAKA UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT CHEM,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. RP BAKER, PJ (reprint author), NIAID,IMMUNOGENET LAB,TWINBROOK 2 RES FACILITY,12441 PARKLAWN DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 44 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 60 IS 7 BP 2694 EP 2701 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JB247 UT WOS:A1992JB24700021 PM 1535339 ER PT J AU PAPADEMETRIOU, V AF PAPADEMETRIOU, V TI DIURETICS, POTASSIUM, AND VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION; THERAPY RP PAPADEMETRIOU, V (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC 20420, USA. OI Papademetriou, Vasilios/0000-0002-2882-2757 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 1 BP 52 EP 53 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JA165 UT WOS:A1992JA16500014 PM 1608108 ER PT J AU ZENG, XN LEYDEN, JJ BRAND, JG SPIELMAN, AI MCGINLEY, KJ PRETI, G AF ZENG, XN LEYDEN, JJ BRAND, JG SPIELMAN, AI MCGINLEY, KJ PRETI, G TI AN INVESTIGATION OF HUMAN APOCRINE GLAND SECRETION FOR AXILLARY ODOR PRECURSORS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HUMAN AXILLARY ODORS; HUMAN APOCRINE GLAND SECRETION; (E)-3-METHYL-2-HEXENOIC ACID; AXILLARY ODOR PRECURSORS; ANDROSTENOL AB Recently completed studies from our laboratories have demonstrated that the characteristic human male axillary odors consist of C6 to C-11 normal, branched, and unsaturated aliphatic acids, with (E)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid being the most abundant. To investigate the mechanism by which the odor is formed, it is necessary to determine the nature of the odorless precursor(s) found in the apocrine secretion which is converted by the cutaneous microorganisms to the characteristic axillary odor. Pooled apocrine secretion was obtained from several male volunteers by intracutaneous injection of epinephrine. Partitioning this secretion into aqueous and organic soluble fractions was followed by hydrolysis of each fraction with NaOH or incubation with axillary microorganisms (cutaneous lipophilic corynebacterium). Analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed the presence of (E)- and (Z)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid in the aqueous phase hydrolysate and aqueous phase incubated with bacteria; however, only a trace amount was seen in the resultant organic phase mixtures. These results suggest that a water-soluble precursor(s) is converted by the axillary flora to the characteristic axillary odors. C1 MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,3500 MARKET ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,SCH DENT MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NYU,COLL DENT,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NR 18 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 5 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1039 EP 1055 DI 10.1007/BF00980061 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JD590 UT WOS:A1992JD59000008 PM 24254146 ER PT J AU GOLDMAN, RS AXELROD, BN GIORDANI, BJ FOSTER, N BERENT, S AF GOLDMAN, RS AXELROD, BN GIORDANI, BJ FOSTER, N BERENT, S TI LONGITUDINAL SENSITIVITY OF THE FULD CHOLINERGIC PROFILE TO ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEMORY FUNCTIONS; DEMENTIA AB The diagnostic sensitivity of a profile (Fuld, 1984) thought to mark cholinergic changes in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) was examined in a sample of 53 patients meeting criteria for AD on two occasions and in 19 patients for three occasions. The low obtained sensitivities of the Fuld profile (17%-26%) across testings is consistent with previous studies that used a single time point. The findings also revealed unstable positive and negative profiles over time. There were no performance differences on intellectual or memory measures when comparing subjects identified as positive or negative by the Fuld index. The results demonstrate that the index is insensitive to the dementing process and is a poor diagnostic marker for AD. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,ALLEN PK,MI. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP GOLDMAN, RS (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,2215 FULLER RD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SWETS ZEITLINGER PUBLISHERS PI LISSE PA P O BOX 825, 2160 SZ LISSE, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3395 J9 J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC JI J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 14 IS 4 BP 566 EP 574 DI 10.1080/01688639208402845 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA JK552 UT WOS:A1992JK55200010 PM 1400919 ER PT J AU HARDING, PM MCMURRAY, MC LAESSIG, RH SIMLEY, DO CORRELL, PJ TSUNEHIRO, JK AF HARDING, PM MCMURRAY, MC LAESSIG, RH SIMLEY, DO CORRELL, PJ TSUNEHIRO, JK TI THE EFFECT OF DENTURES AND DENTURE ADHESIVES ON MOUTH ALCOHOL RETENTION SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE TOXICOLOGY; BREATH-ALCOHOL TESTING; MOUTH ALCOHOL; DENTURES AB A total of 24 alcohol-free, denture-wearing subjects were tested for mouth-alcohol retention times with an Intoxilyzer(TM) 5000. The subjects were given 30 mL doses of 80 proof brandy to swish in their mouths without swallowing for 2 min prior to expectorating the dose. Subjects were tested under three conditions: 1) with dentures removed, 2) with dentures held loosely in place without an adhesive, and 3) with dentures plus an adhesive. Beyond 20 min following expectoration, mouth alcohol made no significant contribution to the apparent breath alcohol concentration (BrAC), with trace (less-than-or-equal-to 0.01 g/210 L) readings found in only two of the subjects. Denture use, both with and without the concurrent use of adhesives does not significantly affect BrAC as long as a pretest alcohol deprivation period of 20 min is observed. C1 WISCONSIN STATE LAB HYG,MADISON,WI. WISCONSIN STATE CRIME LAB,MILWAUKEE,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DENT SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 37 IS 4 BP 999 EP 1007 PG 9 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA JY405 UT WOS:A1992JY40500009 PM 1506841 ER PT J AU FUNAKI, N TANAKA, Y MAK, KM LIEBER, CS AF FUNAKI, N TANAKA, Y MAK, KM LIEBER, CS TI URIDINE DIPHOSPHOGLUCOSE RESTORES LIPOCYTE PROLIFERATION IN THE REGENERATING LIVER OF ETHANOL-TREATED RATS SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE URIDINE DIPHOSPHOGLUCOSE; ETHANOL; RAT; HEPATECTOMY; LIPOCYTE ID TISSUES AB The effect of continuous intraperitoneal infusion of uridine diphosphoglucose on ethanlol-induced suppression of lipocyte proliferation was studied in regenerating rat livers from 1 4 days after hepatectomy. Proliferating lipocytes were positively identified using a two-sequence immunohistochemical staining for cytoplasmic desmin and bromodeoxyuridine-labelled nuclei. Hepatectomy rapidly stimulated lipocyte proliferation which peaked 2 days after hepatectomy (labelling index, 17.9 +/- 0.81%). uridine diphosphoglucose or glucose infusion did not modify the time course of lipocyte proliferation. Ethanol feeding to hepatectomized rats receiving saline or glucose infusion resulted in a 71% (p < 0.005) and 61% (p < 0.005) inhibition of lipocyte proliferation, respectively, 2 days after hepatectomy, thereby abolishing the characteristic proliferative peak observed in rats not treated with ethanol. In contrast, uridine diphosphoglucose infusion doubled the labelling index (13.1 +/- 2.34%) in ethanol-fed rats compared to that in corresponding rats treated with saline (5.28 +/- 1.29%; p < 0.005) or glucose (6.51 +/- 0.64%; p < 0.005). This resulted in the appearance of a proliferative peak, albeit smaller than normal, 2 days after hepatectomy. In sham-operated rats, lipocyte proliferation was low with a labelling index of 1.88 +/- 0.13% at the time of operation and of 1.69 +/- 0.23% 2 days thereafter. Uridine diphosphoglucose infusion to sham-operated rats for 2 days did not significantly affect lipocyte proliferation (labelling index 1.79 +/- 0.06%). The present study demonstrated that uridine diphosphoglucose does not affect lipocyte proliferation in the regenerating or sham-operated livers, but that it artially reverses the ethanol-induced suppression of lipocyte proliferation after hepatectomy. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,NEW YORK,NY 10029. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL ANAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIVER DIS & NUTR SECT,BRONX,NY 10468. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 03508]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 32810] NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 15 IS 3 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1016/0168-8278(92)90070-6 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JP510 UT WOS:A1992JP51000016 PM 1447504 ER PT J AU HERNANDEZMUNOZ, R MA, XL BARAONA, E LIEBER, CS AF HERNANDEZMUNOZ, R MA, XL BARAONA, E LIEBER, CS TI METHOD OF ACETALDEHYDE MEASUREMENT WITH MINIMAL ARTIFACTUAL FORMATION IN RED-BLOOD-CELLS AND PLASMA OF ACTIVELY DRINKING SUBJECTS WITH ALCOHOLISM SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ETHANOL; CHROMATOGRAPHY; INTERFERENCE; ELIMINATION AB After alcohol consumption, a substantial amount of acetaldehyde that is reversibly bound to protein and nonprotein components of the red blood cells circulates in the blood and could cause extrahepatic toxicity. However, acetaldehyde measurement in human red blood cells is hampered by considerable ex vivo artifactual formation as a result of nonenzymatic oxidation of ethanol during protein precipitation. To eliminate this source of artifactual formation, free and reversibly bound acetaldehyde were trapped with semicarbazide from red blood cell hemolysates, and both the stroma and the hemoglobin were sequentially removed by centrifugation and ion-exchange chromatography in carboxymethyl Sephadex, respectively. The eluted semicarbazone was dissociated with perchloric acid, and the acetaldehyde that was released in the protein-free supernatants was measured by head-space gas chromatography. Maximal retention of hemoglobin by carboxymethyl Sephadex and complete recovery of acetaldehyde and ethanol were achieved at a pH of 5.3. The artifactual formation decreased from 2.62 +/- 0.32-mu-mol of acetaldehyde per millimole of ethanol in the initial hemolysates to 1.38 +/- 0.20-mu-mol after removal of the stroma and to a level that is comparable to measurements in plasma (0.09 +/- 0.02-mu-mol) after removal of both the stroma and the hemoglobin. In 12 actively drinking subjects with alcoholism, with blood ethanol levels that ranged between 9 and 81 mmol/L, the concentrations of acetaldehyde in red blood cells (11.50 +/- 1.46-mu-mol/L; range: 7.5 to 22-mu-mol/L) were minimally affected by blood ethanol levels and were three times as high as those in the plasma (3.74 +/- 1.49-mu-mol/L). This improved method, with a 29-fold reduction in artifactual formation, is suitable for the elucidation of the respective contributions of red blood cell and plasma acetaldehyde to the toxicity of this reactive metabolite on cells other than the hepatocyte. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ALCOHOL RES CTR,BRONX,NY. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIVER DIS & NUTR SECT,BRONX,NY 10468. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-07802, AA-03508] NR 26 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 120 IS 1 BP 35 EP 41 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JB784 UT WOS:A1992JB78400008 PM 1613325 ER PT J AU KASINATH, BS SINGH, AK AF KASINATH, BS SINGH, AK TI DETECTION OF SIALIC-ACID ON CULTURED-CELLS BY BINDING OF A LECTIN FROM LIMAX-FLAVUS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Note ID PODOCALYXIN; SIALOGLYCOPROTEIN; NEPHROSIS; KIDNEY C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP KASINATH, BS (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 35804, DK41517] NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 3 IS 1 BP 113 EP 115 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JF320 UT WOS:A1992JF32000015 PM 1391703 ER PT J AU MEYER, JS KAWAMURA, J TERAYAMA, Y AF MEYER, JS KAWAMURA, J TERAYAMA, Y TI WHITE MATTER LESIONS IN THE ELDERLY SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE LEUKOARAIOSIS; WHITE MATTER; DEMENTIA; AGING ID CEREBROVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; ENCEPHALOPATHY BINSWANGERS DISEASE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CAROTID-ARTERY DISEASE; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; SCAN LEUKO-ARAIOSIS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; SIGNAL ABNORMALITIES; NEUROLOGIC FINDINGS AB The advent of neuroimaging has brought medical attention to the frequency of unsuspected white matter lesions in the brains of elderly people. In 1987 Hachinski suggested the term "leuko-araiosis" to identify such white matter abnormalities detected by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to emphasize that their etiology and clinical relevance require clarification. Since then, leuko-araiosis has been recognized among approximately ten percent of apparently normal, elderly people over age sixtyfive. The severity and frequency of leuko-araiosis increases with advancing age, risk factors for stroke, history of strokes particularly of the lacunar type and dementia of both the vascular and Alzheimer type. Current concepts concerning the pathogenesis and neurological concomitants of leuko-araiosis are reviewed. The etiology of leuko-araiosis may be heterogeneous but is most likely ischemic in nature. However, as white matter lesions progress among the elderly they are likely to become associated with cognitive impairments and motor dyspraxias presumably resulting from cortico-subcortical disconnections, particularly involving the frontal cortex and basal ganglia and may themselves be considered a radiological "risk factor" or precursor for dementia. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT NEUROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP MEYER, JS (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CEREBROVASC RES LABS,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD-151A,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 55 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 110 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA JD132 UT WOS:A1992JD13200001 PM 1506848 ER PT J AU CONHAIM, RL HARMS, BA AF CONHAIM, RL HARMS, BA TI A SIMPLIFIED 2-PORE FILTRATION MODEL EXPLAINS THE EFFECTS OF HYPOPROTEINEMIA ON LUNG AND SOFT-TISSUE LYMPH FLUX IN AWAKE SHEEP SO MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COLLOID OSMOTIC-PRESSURE; REFLECTION COEFFICIENTS; UNANESTHETIZED SHEEP; CAPILLARY; BALANCE; TRANSPORT; PRODUCTS; EDEMA C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP CONHAIM, RL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0026-2862 J9 MICROVASC RES JI Microvasc. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 44 IS 1 BP 14 EP 26 DI 10.1016/0026-2862(92)90098-A PG 13 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JA598 UT WOS:A1992JA59800002 PM 1640876 ER PT J AU HIRAYAMA, F SHIH, JP AWGULEWITSCH, A WARR, GW CLARK, SC OGAWA, M AF HIRAYAMA, F SHIH, JP AWGULEWITSCH, A WARR, GW CLARK, SC OGAWA, M TI CLONAL PROLIFERATION OF MURINE LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS IN CULTURE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL; GROWTH FACTOR; LYMPHOCYTE-B ID MULTIPOTENTIAL HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; LYMPHOCYTES-T; IDENTIFICATION; DIFFERENTIATION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; ORIGIN; REGION; IL-7 AB We have used a two-step clonal culture system to unequivocally demonstrate that individual primitive lymphohemopoietic progenitor cells have the capacity for differentiation along either the myeloid or the B-lymphoid lineage. Highly enriched murine marrow cells were plated individually in culture by micromanipulation in the presence of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell conditioned medium, erythropoietin, steel factor (SF), and interleukin (IL) 7. Forty-five percent of the single cells formed primary colonies expressing multiple hemopoietic lineages. When aliquots from individual colonies were replated in secondary methyl cellulose culture containing SF and IL-7, 41% of the primary colonies gave rise to lymphocyte colonies. Cells of the lymphocyte colonies were blast-like and B220+, sIg-, Mac-1-, Gr-1-, Ly-1-, L3T4-, Ly-2-, and CD3-. Thirty to 70% of the cells were Thy-1+. Mu-chain mRNA was detected in most of the cells by in situ hybridization with an antisense RNA probe. When lymphocyte colonies derived from a single cell were pooled and individually injected into scid mice, donor-type IgM was measurable in the serum of mice and spleens contained donor-type B cells. We then carried out initial screening of growth factors to identify growth factors that might replace pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell conditioned medium in the primary culture. Combinations of two factors that included SF plus IL-6, IL-11, or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were all effective in the primary culture in the maintenance of the B-lymphoid potential. Interestingly, IL-3 could neither replace nor act synergistically with SF to support the lymphoid potential of the primary cultures. Our observations demonstrate that many primitive progenitors previously believed to be myeloid-committed also possess B-lymphoid potential. This culture system should prove valuable for elucidation of the mechanisms regulating early stages of lymphohemopoiesis. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. GENET INST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02140. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM4334-03]; PHS HHS [DM32294] NR 22 TC 144 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 13 BP 5907 EP 5911 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.13.5907 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JC868 UT WOS:A1992JC86800043 PM 1631072 ER PT J AU KAHN, RS SIEVER, LJ GABRIEL, S AMIN, F STERN, RG DUMONT, K APTER, S DAVIDSON, M AF KAHN, RS SIEVER, LJ GABRIEL, S AMIN, F STERN, RG DUMONT, K APTER, S DAVIDSON, M TI SEROTONIN FUNCTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA - EFFECTS OF METACHLOROPHENYLPIPERAZINE IN SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS AND HEALTHY-SUBJECTS SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PROLACTIN; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; BODY TEMPERATURE; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE; PSYCHOSIS ID META-CHLOROPHENYLPIPERAZINE; FRONTAL-CORTEX; RECEPTORS; RESPONSES; MCPP; RAT; ANTAGONISM AB This study examined serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) receptor responsivity in 22 chronic schizophrenic patients and 17 healthy control subjects. The 5HT agonist meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (MCPP) was used as a probe of serotonergic function. MCPP (0.35 mg/kg) or placebo was administered orally after a 3-week drug-free period in a randomized double-blind design. Hormonal (adrenocorticotropic hormone and prolactin), temperature, and behavioral responses and MCPP blood levels were assessed for 210 minutes after administration of the capsules. The schizophrenic patients had blunted temperature responses compared with those of the healthy control subjects: MCPP raised body temperature in the control subjects, but not in the patients. Behavioral responses also differed in the two groups: MCPP increased the total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score in the control subjects and tended to decrease it in the patients. In patients, MCPP decreased the BPRS psychosis subscore. Hormonal responses did not differ significantly in the two groups. These findings suggest that further exploration of 5HT function in schizophrenia is warranted. C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN RES UNIT,BRONX,NY 10468. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEUROENDOCRINOL LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10029. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH-46957-01] NR 37 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 43 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/0165-1781(92)90136-Q PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JK629 UT WOS:A1992JK62900001 PM 1332094 ER PT J AU METZ, SA RABAGLIA, ME PINTAR, TJ AF METZ, SA RABAGLIA, ME PINTAR, TJ TI SELECTIVE INHIBITORS OF GTP SYNTHESIS IMPEDE EXOCYTOTIC INSULIN RELEASE FROM INTACT RAT ISLETS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOUSE PANCREATIC-ISLETS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDES; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; MYCOPHENOLIC-ACID; LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITORS; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; HUMAN-PLATELETS AB To investigate whether GTP concentrations can be a regulatory step in exocytotic hormone secretion, we treated isolated rat islets with mycophenolic acid (MPA) or mizoribine, two selective inhibitors of de novo GTP synthesis. When islets were cultured over-night in purine-free medium containing the drug, MPA reduced GTP levels by up to 81 +/- 1%; guanine circumvented this block via the nucleotide "salvage" pathway. MPA concomitantly inhibited glucose (16.7 mM)-induced insulin secretion in batch-type incubations (or perifusions), by up to 68% at 50-mu-g/ml. Although the inhibition of secretion occurred over a similar concentration range as the reduction in total GTP content, the two variables were not directly correlated. However, the secretory effects also were prevented by adding guanine, but not hypoxanthine or xanthine, to the culture medium. Similar results for GTP content and insulin release were seen using mizoribine. Insulin content was modestly (-18%) reduced by MPA but indices of fractional release (release/insulin content) were also markedly impaired. Although MPA also reduced ATP levels more modestly (-39%) and increased UTP (+87%), these were not the cause of the secretory defect since adenine restored ATP and UTP nearly to normal, but did not alter the reduction in GTP content or insulin secretion. MPA also inhibited secretion induced by amino acid or by a phorbol ester but had virtually no effect on release induced by a depolarizing concentration of K+, suggesting that GTP depletion does not merely impede Ca+ influx or directly block Ca2+-activated exocytosis. However, a severe reduction of GTP content did not prevent the pertussis toxin-sensitive inhibition of insulin release induced by epinephrine, suggesting that the function of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins is not limited by ambient GTP concentrations. Although these studies do not elucidate the exact site(s) in the exocytotic cascade which depend on intact GTP stores, they do provide the first direct evidence that GTP is required (and can be rate limiting) for insulin release. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,ENDOCRINOL SECT,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 37312, DK-HL07389-11] NR 75 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 18 BP 12517 EP 12527 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HZ483 UT WOS:A1992HZ48300025 PM 1352288 ER PT J AU STIEGMANN, GV GOFF, JS MICHALETZONODY, PA KORULA, J LIEBERMAN, D SAEED, ZA REVEILLE, RM SUN, JH LOWENSTEIN, SR AF STIEGMANN, GV GOFF, JS MICHALETZONODY, PA KORULA, J LIEBERMAN, D SAEED, ZA REVEILLE, RM SUN, JH LOWENSTEIN, SR TI ENDOSCOPIC SCLEROTHERAPY AS COMPARED WITH ENDOSCOPIC LIGATION FOR BLEEDING ESOPHAGEAL-VARICES SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIAL; DISTAL SPLENORENAL SHUNT; LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT; INJECTION SCLEROTHERAPY; COMPLICATIONS; SURVIVAL AB Background. Endoscopic sclerotherapy is an accepted treatment for bleeding esophageal varices, but it is associated with substantial local and systemic complications. Endoscopic ligation, a new form of endoscopic treatment for bleeding varices, may be safer. We compared the effectiveness and safety of the two techniques. Methods. In this randomized trial we compared endoscopic sclerotherapy and endoscopic ligation in 129 patients with cirrhosis who had proved bleeding from esophageal varices. Sixty-five patients were treated with sclerotherapy, and 64 with ligation. Initial treatment for acute bleeding was followed by elective retreatment to eradicate varices. The patients were followed for a mean of 10 months, during which we determined the incidence of complications and recurrences of bleeding, the number of treatments needed to eradicate varices, and survival. Results. Active bleeding at the first treatment was controlled by sclerotherapy in 10 of 13 patients (77 percent) and by ligation in 12 of 14 patients (86 percent). Slightly more sclerotherapy-treated patients had recurrent hemorrhage during the study (48 percent vs. 36 percent for the ligation-treated patients, P = 0.072). The eradication of varices required a lower mean (+/- SD) number of treatments with ligation (4 +/- 2 vs. 5 +/- 2, P = 0.056) than with sclerotherapy. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the sclerotherapy group (45 percent vs. 28 percent, P = 0.041), as was the rate of complications (22 percent vs. 2 percent, P < 0.001). The complications of sclerotherapy were predominantly esophageal strictures, pneumonias, and other infections. Conclusions. Patients with cirrhosis who have bleeding esophageal varices have fewer treatment-related complications and better survival rates when they are treated by esophageal ligation than when they are treated by sclerotherapy. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80202. UNIV COLORADO,EMERGENCY MED RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80202. DENVER VET AFFAIRS HOSP,DENVER,CO. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS HOSP,HOUSTON,TX. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,LIVER UNIT,DOWNEY,CA 90242. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS HOSP,PORTLAND,OR. RP STIEGMANN, GV (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,C-313,4200 E 9TH AVE,DENVER,CO 80262, USA. NR 24 TC 458 Z9 464 U1 0 U2 6 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 4 PY 1992 VL 326 IS 23 BP 1527 EP 1532 DI 10.1056/NEJM199206043262304 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HW972 UT WOS:A1992HW97200004 PM 1579136 ER PT J AU GARDNER, SF GREEN, JA BEDNARCZYK, EM FARNETT, L MIRALDI, F AF GARDNER, SF GREEN, JA BEDNARCZYK, EM FARNETT, L MIRALDI, F TI PRINCIPLES AND CLINICAL-APPLICATIONS OF POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE COSTS; PHARMACISTS; RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS; SPECIALTIES; TOMOGRAPHY ID CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; MYOCARDIAL BLOOD-FLOW; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; F-18 FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE; PARTIAL SEIZURES; N-13 AMMONIA; HUMAN-BRAIN; INVIVO; QUANTIFICATION; ABNORMALITIES AB The basics of positron emission tomography (PET) are presented, including the physics, instrumentation, and radiopharmaceuticals involved; the clinical and research applications; and the cost. In PET, organic molecules labeled with positron-emitting radionuclides are injected or inhaled, and the high-energy photons produced by annihilation events are detected by paired, integrated crystal detectors. A computer uses the lines of origin of these photons to reconstruct a three-dimensional map of a functioning organ system. The positron-emitting radionuclides most often used are carbon 11, oxygen 15, nitrogen 13, fluorine 18, and rubidium 82. PET imaging centers usually consist of a cyclotron facility, a radiochemistry facility, a PET scanner, and computers for image reconstruction. Radiopharmaceuticals used in PET may be divided into blood flow-imaging agents, metabolic imaging agents, and drug receptor-imaging agents. Although PET is still primarily a research tool, it has shown diagnostic potential in neurology, cardiology, and oncology. It has also shown promise as a tool for pharmacologic assessment, as in studies of the effects of the fluorinated quinolones on cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism. PET may become important in drug development because it yields specific information relatively noninvasively. A single study carries an average break-even price tag of $1500-$2000; rigorous cost-benefit analyses should be conducted before society is asked to subsidize such costs. Positron emission tomography is a frontier technology for which valuable clinical applications are being discovered. Pharmacists can contribute enormously to PET applications and at the same time establish a unique subspecialty for the profession. C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,ENGN,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED & RADIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,RADIOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP GARDNER, SF (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARM PRACTICE,SLOT 522,4301 W MARKHAM ST,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1499 EP 1506 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HX214 UT WOS:A1992HX21400037 PM 1530002 ER PT J AU BRAZY, PC PIRSCH, JD BELZER, FO AF BRAZY, PC PIRSCH, JD BELZER, FO TI FACTORS AFFECTING RENAL-ALLOGRAFT FUNCTION IN LONG-TERM RECIPIENTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE CREATININE CLEARANCES; CADAVERIC DONORS; LIVING-RELATED DONORS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES-MELLITUS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA ID DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; SERUM CREATININE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PROGRESSION; KIDNEY; TRANSPLANTATION; COMPLICATIONS; CYCLOSPORINE; NEPHRECTOMY; REJECTION C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 29 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 19 IS 6 BP 558 EP 566 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA HX178 UT WOS:A1992HX17800009 PM 1595705 ER PT J AU FREEMAN, GL COLSTON, JT AF FREEMAN, GL COLSTON, JT TI SIMPLE CIRCUIT FOR PACING HEARTS OF EXPERIMENTAL-ANIMALS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BRADYCARDIA; TACHYCARDIA HEART FAILURE; RABBITS AB In this paper we describe a simple pacing circuit which can be used to drive the heart over a wide range of rates. The circuit is an astable multivibrator, based on an LM555 integrated circuit. It is powered by a 9-V battery and is small enough for use in rabbits. The circuit is easily constructed and inexpensive, making it attractive for numerous applications in cardiovascular research. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP FREEMAN, GL (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 262 IS 6 BP H1939 EP H1940 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JC377 UT WOS:A1992JC37700043 ER PT J AU JETMALANI, SN RICH, P WHITE, CR AF JETMALANI, SN RICH, P WHITE, CR TI PAINFUL SOLITARY SUBUNGUAL NODULE - SUBUNGUAL EXOSTOSIS (SE) SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Note C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. RP JETMALANI, SN (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 128 IS 6 BP 847 EP & PG 0 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA HY066 UT WOS:A1992HY06600023 ER PT J AU NISSEN, SJ NEWMAN, WP AF NISSEN, SJ NEWMAN, WP TI FACTORS INFLUENCING REINTEGRATION TO NORMAL LIVING AFTER AMPUTATION SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE AMPUTATION; QUALITY OF LIFE; REHABILITATION ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; QUALITY; LIFE AB This study identified factors affecting reintegration to normal living (RNL) after lower extremity amputation. A questionnaire was used to evaluate RNL at a veterans' medical center and private rehabilitation clinic. The patients were 42 elderly individuals (68 +/- 1.5 years). Eighty-eight percent were men and 76% had additional health problems. Unilateral below-knee amputations, unilateral above-knee amputations, and bilateral amputations accounted for 38%, 36%, and 26% of subjects, respectively. Eleven questions were asked to evaluate mobility, self-care, work, recreation, social activities (daily functioning), relationships, social self, and life events (perception of self). The median overall RNL, score was 16 of 22 (range, 5 to 22). Poor reintegration occurred in community mobility, work, and recreation. Perception of self questions showed satisfactory reintegration. Examination of variables impacting reintegration showed only additional illness significantly reducing the RNL score. It was concluded that current rehabilitative efforts regarding home mobility and psychological adjustment are satisfactory. More attention to community mobility, recreation, and additional illnesses would improve RNL after amputation. C1 UNIV N DAKOTA,CTR MED EDUC,SCH MED,DEPT MED,GRAND FORKS,ND 58201. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,DIV ENDOCRINOL,FARGO,ND. NR 13 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 73 IS 6 BP 548 EP 551 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA HX739 UT WOS:A1992HX73900006 PM 1622303 ER PT J AU TSUJI, K LYMAN, SD SUDO, T CLARK, SC OGAWA, M AF TSUJI, K LYMAN, SD SUDO, T CLARK, SC OGAWA, M TI ENHANCEMENT OF MURINE HEMATOPOIESIS BY SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN STEEL FACTOR (LIGAND FOR C-KIT), INTERLEUKIN-11, AND OTHER EARLY ACTING FACTORS IN CULTURE SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; FACTOR-I; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GROWTH-FACTOR; W-LOCUS; PROGENITORS; RECEPTOR; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. IMMUNEX CORP,SEATTLE,WA. BIOMAT RES INST CO LTD,YOKOHAMA,JAPAN. GENET INST,CAMBRIDGE,MA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 29 TC 160 Z9 160 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 1 PY 1992 VL 79 IS 11 BP 2855 EP 2860 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA JA203 UT WOS:A1992JA20300007 PM 1375116 ER PT J AU DRINKA, PJ DESMET, AA BAUWENS, SF ROGOT, A AF DRINKA, PJ DESMET, AA BAUWENS, SF ROGOT, A TI THE EFFECT OF OVERLYING CALCIFICATION ON LUMBAR BONE DENSITOMETRY SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE BONE DENSITOMETRY; MALES; FACET SCLEROSIS; AORTIC CALCIFICATION ID ABSORPTIOMETRY AB We studied bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine using dual photon absorptiometry, as well as standard anterior-posterior and lateral lumbar spine X-ray film in 113 ambulatory elderly male volunteers with a mean age of 72 years (range 66-91 years). Each subject had three measurements taken for lumbar vertebrae 1 through 4: BMD, length of aortic calcification (AC), and degenerative facet sclerosis grated 0-3. A separate statistical model was fit to BMD for each vertebra using analysis of covariance. AC did not contribute significantly to BMD. BMD was increased by 0.28-0.03 g/cm-2 (L1-L4) with a sclerosis score of 2, and by 0.47-0.25 g/cm-2 with a sclerosis score of 3, P < 0.001. The association between increased BMD and overlying facet sclerosis may be related to the bone density within the sclerosis itself or to an association between degenerative joint disease and a generalized increase in subchondral bone. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR MED BIOSTAT,MADISON,WI 53706. MANAGED CARE RESOURCES INC,CHESAPEAKE,VA. RP DRINKA, PJ (reprint author), WISCONSIN VET HOME,KING,WI 54946, USA. NR 10 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0171-967X J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 50 IS 6 BP 507 EP 510 DI 10.1007/BF00582163 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HU648 UT WOS:A1992HU64800005 PM 1525705 ER PT J AU BRANDWEIN, MS HUVOS, AG PATIL, J JAGIRDAR, J AF BRANDWEIN, MS HUVOS, AG PATIL, J JAGIRDAR, J TI TUMOR-ASSOCIATED GLYCOPROTEIN DISTRIBUTION DETECTED BY MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY B72.3 IN SALIVARY NEOPLASIA SO CANCER LA English DT Article ID MALIGNANT MIXED TUMORS; PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA; CARCINOMA; TAG-72; ADENOCARCINOMA; ANTIGEN; BENIGN; MESOTHELIOMA; DIAGNOSIS; SERUM AB The expression of tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG-72), an oncofetal mucin-like tumor-associated glycoprotein derived from membrane-enriched fractions of metastatic breast carcinoma, has been detected by monoclonal antibody (MoAb) B72.3 in adenocarcinomas of breast, colon, lung, endometrium, pancreas, and ovary. The authors reported the scope of TAG-72 expression detected by MoAb B72.3 in salivary neoplasia. They examined 96 salivary lesions (53 malignant and 37 benign primary tumors, 2 metastatic carcinomas, and 4 other benign lesions) and 17 normal tissues from parotid glands and found: diffuse TAG-72 expression in 29 of 55 (53%) malignant tumors and 6 of 36 (17%) benign tumors and in no normal tissue; focal TAG-72 expression in 10 of 55 (17%) malignant salivary tumors, 10 of 37 (25%) benign salivary tumors (all benign mixed tumors), and 1 of 17 (6%) histologically normal parotid gland ducts. Any expression of TAG-72, whether diffuse or focal, was found to have a 71% sensitivity for detecting salivary malignant tumors, but an unacceptably low specificity for malignant lesions (57%). Alternatively, if only diffuse TAG-72 expression was regarded as indicative of malignancy, the specificity of diffuse TAG-72 expression was 86%, but sensitivity of detection decreased to 53%. The authors studied a subset of benign and malignant mixed tumors (BMT and MMT) and found that 12 of 15 (80%) MMT diffusely and strongly expressed TAG-72, 2 of 15 MMT (13%) expressed TAG-72 focally, and 1 MMT (7%) was nonreactive. By contrast, most BMT did not express TAG-72; only sparse, focal TAG-72 expression was seen in 10 of 27 (37%) BMT. If diffuse TAG-72 expression is considered indicative of malignancy, its sensitivity and specificity for malignant mixed tumors is 80% and 100%, respectively. The authors suggest that diffuse TAG-72 expression may resolve conflicts in determining whether or not a mixed tumor is malignant. C1 MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,DEPT PATHOL,1275 YORK AVE,NEW YORK,NY 10021. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRONX,NY. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD JUN 1 PY 1992 VL 69 IS 11 BP 2623 EP 2630 DI 10.1002/1097-0142(19920601)69:11<2623::AID-CNCR2820691102>3.0.CO;2-N PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HV177 UT WOS:A1992HV17700001 PM 1315205 ER PT J AU BUSH, RK AF BUSH, RK TI THE ROLE OF ALLERGENS IN ASTHMA SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID HOUSE-DUST MITE; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; GRASS-POLLEN; EXPOSURE; RESPONSIVENESS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SENSITIVITY; ASSOCIATION; DISEASES; SEVERITY C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,ALLERGY & IMMUNOL SECT,MADISON,WI 53706. RP BUSH, RK (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,ALLERGY SECT,2300 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 1992 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S378 EP S380 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA JA186 UT WOS:A1992JA18600007 PM 1591935 ER PT J AU STERN, EH SCHWEITZER, P AF STERN, EH SCHWEITZER, P TI POLYMORPHOUS VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Letter C1 CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,CARDIOL SECT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP STERN, EH (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT,BRONX,NY, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUN PY 1992 VL 85 IS 6 BP 2333 EP 2334 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HX707 UT WOS:A1992HX70700047 PM 1591853 ER PT J AU LIEBER, CS AF LIEBER, CS TI ALCOHOLIC LIVER-INJURY SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article AB A considerable wealth of new information was gained on the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of ethanol during 1991. Much progress has been made on the elucidation of pathways of ethanol metabolism, including gastric alcohol dehydrogenase and associated alcohol-drug interactions, as well as genetic determinants of hepatic alcohol metabolism and associated changes of relevance to alcoholic liver injury. Significant, though less impressive, advances have been made in the field of prevention and treatment. RP LIEBER, CS (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIVER DIS SECT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 8 IS 3 BP 449 EP 457 DI 10.1097/00001574-199206000-00013 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA HV460 UT WOS:A1992HV46000013 ER PT J AU BOVA, JG SCHWESINGER, WH KURTIN, WE AF BOVA, JG SCHWESINGER, WH KURTIN, WE TI INVIVO ANALYSIS OF GALLSTONE COMPOSITION BY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY SO GASTROINTESTINAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GALLSTONES, CT-DIAGNOSIS; GALLBLADDER, CALCIFICATIONS ID INVITRO; CT; DISSOLUTION AB In vivo computed tomography (CT) of the gallbladder was performed in 39 patients with known cholelithiasis and subsequently correlated with the chemical composition of the retrieved gallstones. Six CT patterns were identified: pattern 1, negative defect within the bile; pattern 2, nonvisualization of calculi; pattern 3, faint homogeneous central calcification; pattern 4A, thin rim of calcification; pattern 4B, thick rim of calcification; pattern 5, dense homogeneous central calcification. These CT patterns correlated well with cholesterol (p = 0.05) and calcium bilirubinate (p = 0.01) contents and CT attenuation values (p < 0.001). The most common pattern was CT pattern 2 (56.5%). The authors conclude that there is good correlation of the CT pattern with gallstone composition. This simple approach can be used to help identify patients for therapy with chemical dissolution and/or lithotripsy. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. TRINITY UNIV,DEPT CHEM,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-2356 J9 GASTROINTEST RADIOL PD SUM PY 1992 VL 17 IS 3 BP 253 EP 256 DI 10.1007/BF01888561 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HQ609 UT WOS:A1992HQ60900018 PM 1612311 ER PT J AU FLETCHER, EC LESSKE, J WEI, Q MILLER, CC UNGER, T AF FLETCHER, EC LESSKE, J WEI, Q MILLER, CC UNGER, T TI REPETITIVE, EPISODIC HYPOXIA CAUSES DIURNAL ELEVATION OF BLOOD-PRESSURE IN RATS SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE APNEA; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROMES; ANOXIA; ANOXEMIA; BLOOD PRESSURE; ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS; SLEEP-APNEA SYNDROME; CONSCIOUS DOGS; ARTERIAL-PRESSURE; HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA; ACUTE HYPOXEMIA; RESPONSES; HYPERSOMNIA; HYPERCAPNIA; NERVE AB An association between chronic high blood pressure and obstructive sleep apnea has been described. We hypothesized that repetitive episodic hypoxia patterned after the hypoxia seen in sleep apnea could contribute to diurnal elevation of blood pressure. Using 12-second infusions of nitrogen into daytime sleeping chambers, four groups of male rats (250-375 g) were subjected to intermittent hypoxia (3-5% nadir ambient oxygen) every 30 seconds, 7 hours per day for up to 35 days. In one group, blood pressure was measured weekly by the tail-cuff method in conscious animals during 5 weeks of episodic hypoxia. In the other three groups, blood pressure was measured in conscious animals via femoral artery catheters at baseline and after 20, 30, or 35 days of exposure. Additional groups served as controls: two sham groups housed in identical "hypoxia" chambers received compressed air instead of nitrogen (35 days) while two other groups remained unhandled in their usual cages (35 days). Both groups challenged with 35 days episodic hypoxia showed significant increases in blood pressure compared with controls: the tail-cuff rats showed a 21 mm Hg increase in systolic pressure (p<0.05) and the intra-arterially measured rats a 13.7 mm Hg increase in mean arterial pressure (p<0.05). The 30-day exposed rats also showed a 5.7 mm Hg increase in mean pressure over baseline (p<0.05). Blood pressure did not change significantly from baseline in the control groups. Left ventricle-to-body weight ratio was higher in both 35-day exposed groups than in unhandled or sham controls. This duration-of-exposure-related blood pressure response to hypoxia along with increased left ventricular size after 35 days indicates that chronic intermittent hypoxia could be a mechanism directly contributing to diurnal arterial blood pressure elevation. C1 UNIV HEIDELBERG,INST HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE RES,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. UNIV HEIDELBERG,DEPT PHARMACOL,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PULMONARY DIS SECT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 39 TC 302 Z9 324 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD JUN PY 1992 VL 19 IS 6 BP 555 EP 561 PN 1 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HX022 UT WOS:A1992HX02200008 PM 1592450 ER PT J AU BRATOEVA, MP JOHN, JF BARG, NL AF BRATOEVA, MP JOHN, JF BARG, NL TI MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRIMETHOPRIM-RESISTANT SHIGELLA-BOYDII SEROTYPE-2 STRAINS FROM BULGARIA SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SONNEI AB In 1990 an increased number of strains of Shigella boydii serotype 2 were isolated from different regions of Bulgaria. Strains were reported as sporadic, although they showed identical phenotypic characteristics, including resistance to ampicillin, carbenicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamide, tetracycline, ticarcillin, and trimethoprim. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic relatedness of the strains and the mechanism of their antimicrobial resistance. Plasmid fingerprinting showed an identical pattern for 23 of 25 of the selected strains. All 25 strains tested transferred their resistances en bloc to an Escherichia coli recipient. Transconjugants contained a 112-kb R plasmid which carried all the resistance genes, including that conferring type I dihydrofolate reductase-mediated trimethoprim resistance (MIC > 2,000-mu-g/ml). Riboprobe analysis showed identical restriction length fragment polymorphisms, suggesting a highly conserved genome. All findings indicate that strains of S. boydii serotype 2 isolated in 1990 from different regions of Bulgaria were highly related genetically and can be considered representatives of a single bacterial clone. The presence of an R plasmid and selection pressure because of the usage of antimicrobial agents, particularly trimethoprim, have likely facilitated the spread of the clone throughout the country. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. ACAD MED SOFIA,INFECT & PARASIT DIS RES INST,SOFIA,BULGARIA. VANDERBILT UNIV,ST THOMAS HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,NASHVILLE,TN 37203. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1428 EP 1431 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HU603 UT WOS:A1992HU60300011 PM 1624559 ER PT J AU HANDELSMAN, L HORVATH, T ARONSON, M SCHROEDER, M JACOBSON, J WIENER, J PETERSON, A HOLLOWAY, K NESS, R HERMAN, S MAURER, G AF HANDELSMAN, L HORVATH, T ARONSON, M SCHROEDER, M JACOBSON, J WIENER, J PETERSON, A HOLLOWAY, K NESS, R HERMAN, S MAURER, G TI AUDITORY EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS IN HIV-1 INFECTION - A STUDY IN THE DRUG-USER RISK GROUP SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; ABNORMALITIES; NEUROPATHOLOGY; INDIVIDUALS AB Features of event-related potentials (ERPs) may be sensitive and clinically useful markers of central nervous system infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1); however, this application has not been studied in the risk group of intravenous drug users. Auditory ERPs generated by an "oddball" paradigm were analyzed for 39 male drug abusers as part of a multimodal assessment Stage of HIV-1 infection was associated with prolongations of P1, N1, and P3 components of the ERP waveform. Only patients with full acquired immunodeficiency syndrome showed statistically significant increases in waveform prolongations. Specific neuropsychological deficits were not related to waveform latency prolongations. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV,BRONX,NY 10468. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,BRONX,NY 10468. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SERV,BRONX,NY 10468. RP HANDELSMAN, L (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SUM PY 1992 VL 4 IS 3 BP 294 EP 302 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA JG128 UT WOS:A1992JG12800008 PM 1498581 ER PT J AU CONTI, CR BERENSON, R CLUFF, LE LEWIN, ME AF CONTI, CR BERENSON, R CLUFF, LE LEWIN, ME TI TASK-FORCE-6 - PROPOSED ACCESS TO CARE PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23RD BETHESDA CONF : ACCESS TO CARDIOVASCULAR CARE CY NOV 21-22, 1991 CL BETHESDA, MD SP AMER COLL CARDIOL C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GAINESVILLE,FL 32608. INST MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20418. RP CONTI, CR (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DIV CARDIOVASC MED,POB 100277,1600 ARCHER RD,ROOM M401,GAINESVILLE,FL 32610, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 19 IS 7 BP 1486 EP 1492 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HX985 UT WOS:A1992HX98500017 PM 1593043 ER PT J AU MOON, TD AF MOON, TD TI PROSTATE-CANCER SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA AB Clinically, prostate cancer (prostatic adenocarcinoma) is now the most frequently diagnosed cancer in males and the second leading cause of mortality due to cancer in the United States. However, because 75% of histologic prostate cancers remain functionally benign (will not metasiasize and kill the patient), mass screening of the male population for the disease has become a hotly debated issue among urologists. The real challenge in the upcoming decade for geriatricians, though, will be to diagnose earlier in their course the prostate cancers which, if not treated, will metastasize and kill the patient and thus allow this subgroup of patients the opportunity to be treated more effectively. This review briefly discusses the etiology of prostate cancer, ways the disease may present, current treatments, depending on disease stage, screening in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and quality of life issues important to patients confronted with the disease. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. RP MOON, TD (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,CTR CLIN SCI G5 341,DEPT SURG,DIV UROL,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 40 IS 6 BP 622 EP 627 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA HX649 UT WOS:A1992HX64900016 PM 1587984 ER PT J AU MAHLER, ME AF MAHLER, ME TI BEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL STATE; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; IMPAIRMENT; MEMORY; DISABILITY; DEPRESSION; PROFILES C1 W LOS ANGELES DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAV PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 56 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0193-953X J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 15 IS 2 BP 427 EP 438 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA KZ888 UT WOS:A1992KZ88800012 PM 1603734 ER PT J AU TASENDE, MSG GALE, GR SMITH, AB JONES, MM SINGH, PK AF TASENDE, MSG GALE, GR SMITH, AB JONES, MM SINGH, PK TI MONOISOAMYL MESO-2,3-DIMERCAPTOSUCCINATE - INTERACTION WITH METALLOTHIONEIN-BOUND CADMIUM INVITRO AND EVIDENCE OF ACTIVE-TRANSPORT INTO RENAL AND HEPATIC CELLS INVIVO SO RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS IN CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; ANTAGONISTS; EXCRETION; DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE; DERIVATIVES; AGENTS AB Monoisoamyl meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinate (Mi-ADMS) and the unesterified 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) were evaluated for relative reactivities against metallothionein (MT)-bound cadmium (Cd) in vitro by elution of the reaction products through Sephadex G-75 gel. After 3 hr of incubation, Mi-ADMS removed about 70% of the Cd from Cd-MT, and a new peak emerged which corresponded to that obtained by elution of a 2:1 molar mixture of Mi-ADMS and Cd. Only about 15% of the Cd was removed from Cd-MT by DMSA. After 24 hr of incubation with Mi-ADMS, no evidence remained of the presence of Cd-MT; all of the Cd was recovered in a very high molecular weight fraction and in a fraction corresponding to Cd ion. In contrast, after 24 hr of incubation with DMSA, 25% of the Cd was still present as Cd-MT, while the remainder eluted in a fraction corresponding to a 2:1 molar complex of DMSA and Cd. When Mi-ADMS was administered to Cd-bearing mice which had received an inhibitor of organic anion transport, probenecid (PBC) or sulfinpyrazone (SPZ), prior to administration of thc monoester, there was a marked attenuation of the Cd mobilizing actions of Mi-ADMS as reflected in whole body Cd levels. Analysis of organ Cd concentrations revealed that PBC blocked primarily the mobilization of renal Cd by Mi-ADMS, while the principal action of SPZ in antagonizing the action of Mi-ADMS was on hepatic Cd mobilization. It was concluded that Mi-ADMS has a higher affinity for Cd in Cd-MT than does DMSA, and that the access of Mi-ADMS to intracellular Cd is, at least in part, mediated by the organic anion transport system. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. RP TASENDE, MSG (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. RI Garcia -Tasende, Soledad/H-6408-2015 OI Garcia -Tasende, Soledad/0000-0001-8738-6070 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-02638] NR 23 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU P J D PUBLICATIONS LTD PI WESTBURY PA PO BOX 966, WESTBURY, NY 11590 SN 0034-5164 J9 RES COMMUN CHEM PATH PD JUN PY 1992 VL 76 IS 3 BP 323 EP 339 PG 17 WC Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JB323 UT WOS:A1992JB32300006 PM 1636055 ER PT J AU NEUFELD, GR SCHWARDT, JD GOBRAN, SR BAUMGARDNER, JE SCHREINER, MS AUKBURG, SJ SCHERER, PW AF NEUFELD, GR SCHWARDT, JD GOBRAN, SR BAUMGARDNER, JE SCHREINER, MS AUKBURG, SJ SCHERER, PW TI MODELING STEADY-STATE PULMONARY ELIMINATION OF HE, SF6 AND CO2 - EFFECT OF MORPHOMETRY SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EXPIROGRAM; MORPHOMETRY, GAS EXCHANGE; ALVEOLAR, MODELING; MODELS, ALVEOLAR GAS EXCHANGE, MORPHOMETRY ID GAS-TRANSPORT; HUMAN-LUNG; WASHOUT; ACINUS; DIFFUSION; EXCHANGE AB We studied the influence of acinar morphometry on the shape of simulated expirograms computed from a single path convection-diffusion model that includes a source term for gas evolution from the blood (Scherer et al., J. Appl. Physiol. 64: 1022-1029, 1988). Acinar structure was obtained from published data of 3 different lung morphometries. The simulations were performed over a range of tidal volumes (VT) and breathing frequencies (f) comparable to those observed in a previously reported human study. Airways dead space (VDaw) increased with VT in all the morphometric models tested and in the experimental data. The increase in VDaw with VT was inversely related to the diffusivity of the evolving gas and to the rate of increase in airway cross-section of the most mouthward (proximal) alveolated generations of the models. Normalized phase III slope for all the gases decreased with increasing VT in all the models as was previously reported for healthy human subjects. In the model simulations, the greatest sensitivity of phase III slope to VT was seen with the least diffusible gas using the airway morphometry with the smallest cross-sectional areas in the proximal alveolated generations. We conclude that both VDaw and phase III slope of an evolving gas are sensitive to the geometry of the proximal acinar airways and that this is manifest by their dependence on tidal volume, breathing frequency, molecular diffusivity and alveolar/blood source emission rate. The model simulations indicate that heterogeneity of gas washout is not required to explain the magnitude of the phase III slope in healthy human subjects. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT ANESTHESIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT BIOENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. CHILDRENS HOSP PHILADELPHIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-33891] NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 88 IS 3 BP 257 EP 275 DI 10.1016/0034-5687(92)90001-D PG 19 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA HW902 UT WOS:A1992HW90200001 PM 1615224 ER PT J AU SCHWESINGER, WH AF SCHWESINGER, WH TI LASER TREATMENT OF ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC-LESIONS SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ND-YAG LASER; BLEEDING PEPTIC-ULCERS; UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; PALLIATIVE TREATMENT; MALIGNANT DYSPHAGIA; ENDOSCOPIC PALLIATION; ESOPHAGOGASTRIC CANCER; PHOTO-COAGULATION; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; THERAPY C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GEN SURG SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 72 IS 3 BP 581 EP 595 PG 15 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA LA547 UT WOS:A1992LA54700007 PM 1589833 ER PT J AU SCHWESINGER, WH HUNTER, JG AF SCHWESINGER, WH HUNTER, JG TI DIXON,JOHN,A. SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV UTAH,MED CTR,DEPT SURG,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 72 IS 3 BP R3 EP R3 PG 1 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA LA547 UT WOS:A1992LA54700001 ER PT J AU SCHWESINGER, WH HUNTER, JG AF SCHWESINGER, WH HUNTER, JG TI LASERS IN GENERAL-SURGERY - PREFACE SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV UTAH,MED CTR,DEPT SURG,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GEN SURG SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 72 IS 3 BP R15 EP R16 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA LA547 UT WOS:A1992LA54700003 ER PT J AU MALDONADO, LS MURATA, GH HERSHMAN, JM BRAUNSTEIN, GD AF MALDONADO, LS MURATA, GH HERSHMAN, JM BRAUNSTEIN, GD TI DO THYROID-FUNCTION TESTS INDEPENDENTLY PREDICT SURVIVAL IN THE CRITICALLY ILL SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID NONTHYROIDAL ILLNESSES; SERUM TRIIODOTHYRONINE; ACUTE PHYSIOLOGY; HORMONE BINDING; ICU PATIENTS; THYROXINE; THYROTROPIN; MORTALITY; PROTEINS; DISEASE AB We studied the ability of thyroid function tests to predict hospital survival in 116 critically ill patients and compared the results with independent predictions of survival made by critical care physicians. Eleven patients (9.5%) had clinically unsuspected hypothyroidism and were less likely to survive (p = 0.03). In patients critically ill with nonthyroidal disease, low T3, low FT3I, low T4, low FT4I, high TSH, and high T3U levels each showed significant correlation with nonsurvival (all p < 0.02). Of these, however, only low T3 (P < 0.001) and high TSH (p = 0.016) showed significant independent prediction of nonsurvival, and only low T3 (p = 0.011) added any significant independent prediction of nonsurvival beyond that made clinically by the group of critical care physicians. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,ENDOCRINOL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP MALDONADO, LS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,ROOM B114,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048, USA. NR 39 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD SUM PY 1992 VL 2 IS 2 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1089/thy.1992.2.119 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HZ352 UT WOS:A1992HZ35200004 PM 1525579 ER PT J AU KALIN, NH SHELTON, SE TURNER, JG AF KALIN, NH SHELTON, SE TURNER, JG TI EFFECTS OF BETA-CARBOLINE ON FEAR-RELATED BEHAVIORAL AND NEUROHORMONAL RESPONSES IN INFANT RHESUS-MONKEYS SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTORS; DEFENSIVE BEHAVIORS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; RAT-BRAIN; ANTAGONISM; ANXIETY; METABOLISM; ALPRAZOLAM; PRIMATES; STRESS AB We examined the effects of the inverse benzodiazepine agonist ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCE) oh behavioral, hormonal, and neurochemical responses in infant rhesus monkeys exposed to fearful situations. Our paradigm elicits three distinct adaptive patterns of defensive behavior. From previous work, we hypothesized that behaviors induced by attachment bond disruption are predominantly mediated by opiate systems, whereas behaviors induced by the threat of attack are mediated by benzodiazepine systems. When beta-CCE (0, 125, 250, and 500-mu-g/kg) was administered immediately after maternal separation, the 500-mu-g/kg dose increased freezing and the 250 and 500-mu-g/kg doses reduced environmental exploration. Test conditions produced increased plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations and increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of MHPG and DOPAC; beta-CCE did not further affect these metabolites. A dose of 1000-mu-g/kg of beta-CCE increased CSF concentrations of DOPAC and MHPG in infants left with their mothers. During test conditions, it further increased CSF MHPG (but not DOPAC) concentrations, and reduced cooing while increasing freezing and barking and other hostile behaviors. Our results thus confirm that benzodiazepine systems mediate threat-related behaviors and suggest that coos, which were thought to predominantly reflect the degree of distress during separation, can be modulated by the infant's level of fear. Beta-CCE also activated stress-related pituitary-adrenal hormonal systems and brain norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) systems. These effects occurred when animals remained undisturbed in their home cages with their mothers, suggesting that benzodiazepine receptors directly modulate brain NE and DA systems. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP KALIN, NH (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CTR CLIN SCI,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-46729, R01 MH046729] NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAY 15 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1008 EP 1019 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(92)90094-G PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA JH869 UT WOS:A1992JH86900005 PM 1324744 ER PT J AU KLEYMAN, TR COUPAYEGERARD, B ERNST, SA AF KLEYMAN, TR COUPAYEGERARD, B ERNST, SA TI ALDOSTERONE DOES NOT ALTER APICAL CELL-SURFACE EXPRESSION OF EPITHELIAL NA+ CHANNELS IN THE AMPHIBIAN CELL LINE-A6 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CULTURED KIDNEY-CELLS; PROTEIN KINASE-C; TOAD BLADDER; SODIUM-TRANSPORT; HORMONAL-REGULATION; TIGHT EPITHELIA; AMILORIDE; SUBUNIT; MECHANISMS; A6 AB The steroid hormone aldosterone regulates reabsorptive Na+ transport across specific high resistance epithelia. The increase in Na+ transport induced by aldosterone is dependent on protein synthesis and is due, in part, to an increase in Na+ conductance of the apical membrane mediated by amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels. To examine whether an increment in the biochemical pool of Na+ channels expressed at the apical cell surface is a mechanism by which aldosterone increases apical membrane Na+ conductance, apical cell-surface proteins from the epithelial cell line A6 were specifically labeled by an enzyme-catalyzed radioiodination procedure following exposure of cells to aldosterone. Labeled Na+ channels were immunoprecipitated to quantify the biochemical pool of Na+ channels at the apical cell surface. The activation of Na+ transport across A6 cells by aldosterone was not accompanied by alterations in the biochemical pool of Na+ channels at the apical plasma membrane, despite a 3.7-4.2-fold increase in transepithelial Na+ transport. Similarly, no change in the distribution of immunoreactive protein was resolved by immunofluorescence microscopy. The oligomeric subunit composition of the channel remained unaltered, with one exception. A 75,000-Da polypeptide and a broad 70,000-Da polypeptide were observed in controls. Following addition of aldosterone, the 75,000-Da polypeptide was not resolved, and the 70,000-Da polypeptide was the major polypeptide found in this molecular mass region. Aldosterone did not alter rates of Na+ channel biosynthesis. These data suggest that neither changes in rates of Na+ channel biosynthesis nor changes in its apical cell-surface expression are required for activation of transepithelial Na+ transport by aldosterone. Post-translational modification of the Na+ channel, possibly the 75,000 or 70,000-Da polypeptide, may be one of the cellular events required for Na+ channel activation by aldosterone. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP KLEYMAN, TR (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 34933] NR 41 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 14 BP 9622 EP 9628 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HT965 UT WOS:A1992HT96500029 PM 1315763 ER PT J AU HAMILTON, JD HARTIGAN, PM SIMBERKOFF, MS AF HAMILTON, JD HARTIGAN, PM SIMBERKOFF, MS TI THE EFFECT OF ZIDOVUDINE ON PATIENT SUBGROUPS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP HAMILTON, JD (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,AIDS COOPERAT STUDIES GRP,DURHAM,NC, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 13 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 18 BP 2472 EP 2473 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HT068 UT WOS:A1992HT06800021 PM 1573722 ER PT J AU TALAL, N DAUPHINEE, M AHMED, SA AF TALAL, N DAUPHINEE, M AHMED, SA TI CD5 B-CELLS IN AUTOIMMUNITY SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; RETROVIRAL PROTEINS; SERUM ANTIBODIES; MICE; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; AUTOANTIBODIES; EXOCRINOPATHY; SUPERANTIGEN; LYMPHOCYTES; ASSOCIATION C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP TALAL, N (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, DIV CLIN IMMUNOL, 7703 FLOYD CURL DR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PD MAY 4 PY 1992 VL 651 BP 551 EP 556 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM219 UT WOS:A1992JM21900074 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, DY AF GRAHAM, DY TI GASTROENTEROLOGY TODAY AND TOMORROW SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP GRAHAM, DY (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR 111D,DEPT MED,DIGEST DIS SECT,2002 HOLCOME BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 87 IS 5 BP 559 EP 561 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA HT843 UT WOS:A1992HT84300004 PM 1595640 ER PT J AU KENNELLY, W AF KENNELLY, W TI PHARMACISTS SHOULD NOT ACCEPT GIFTS FROM INDUSTRY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Letter RP KENNELLY, W (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PHARM SERV,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1108 EP 1108 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HR493 UT WOS:A1992HR49300004 PM 1595730 ER PT J AU WAZNA, J SHENKER, Y AF WAZNA, J SHENKER, Y TI ATRIAL-NATRIURETIC-PEPTIDE - ALIVE AND WELL SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,ENDOCRINOL SECT,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 5 IS 5 BP 336 EP 337 PN 1 PG 2 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HR679 UT WOS:A1992HR67900015 PM 1533772 ER PT J AU LOPEZ, RR BENNER, KG IVANCEV, K KEEFFE, EB DEVENEY, CW PINSON, CW AF LOPEZ, RR BENNER, KG IVANCEV, K KEEFFE, EB DEVENEY, CW PINSON, CW TI MANAGEMENT OF BILIARY COMPLICATIONS AFTER LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 78TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NORTH PACIFIC SURGICAL ASSOC CY NOV 08-09, 1991 CL PORTLAND, OR SP N PACIFIC SURG ASSOC ID TRACT COMPLICATIONS; SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS; DIAGNOSIS; STENTS AB Biliary tract complications after liver transplantation are common, and the evaluation of newer treatment options compared with standard surgical treatment is important. In 62 fiver transplants performed in 55 adult patients, the biliary tract was reconstructed with choledochocholedochostomy (CC) in 52 (84%) and Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy (RYCJ) in 10 (16%). Seventeen biliary tract complications occurred in 16 patients (29%). The incidence of complications, was the same after CC and RYCJ. Eight complications (47%) occurred within the first month and nine (53%) thereafter. Only 6 of 17 (35%) biliary tract complications required operation. One patient died of a biliary tract complication. No other allografts were lost due to biliary tract complications. Four patients transplanted at other centers were also treated, for a total of 21 biliary tract complications. Overall, there were nine bile leaks, eight bile duct strictures, two Roux loop hemorrhages, one choledocholithiasis, and one ampullary dyskinesia. Temporary or permanent stents were used successfully in seven of eight strictures. Five bile leaks were managed without operation. Nonsurgical management is appropriate for a selected majority of patients with late bile leaks, biliary tract strictures, or choledocholithiasis after liver transplantation. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT RADIOL,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT SURG,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. RP LOPEZ, RR (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,CTR TRANSPLANT,DEPT SURG,NASHVILLE,TN 37232, USA. NR 27 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 163 IS 5 BP 519 EP 524 DI 10.1016/0002-9610(92)90401-C PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA HT109 UT WOS:A1992HT10900015 PM 1575311 ER PT J AU FLETCHER, EC LUCKETT, RA GOODNIGHTWHITE, S MILLER, CC QIAN, W COSTARANGOSGALARZA, C AF FLETCHER, EC LUCKETT, RA GOODNIGHTWHITE, S MILLER, CC QIAN, W COSTARANGOSGALARZA, C TI A DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL OF NOCTURNAL SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN FOR SLEEP DESATURATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE AND A DAYTIME PAO2 ABOVE 60 MM HG SO AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM OXYGEN; OXYHEMOGLOBIN DESATURATION; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSE; THERAPY AB The efficacy of nasal oxygen during sleep was evaluated in patients with COPD, episodic rapid eye movement sleep desaturation, and a daytime PaO2 > 60 mm Hg. The double-blind, randomized 3-yr trial used nasal oxygen versus room air in two groups of nocturnal sleep desaturating subjects. The setting was the outpatient chest clinic of a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. There were 51 patients with moderate to severe COPD, daytime PaO2 greater-than-or-equal-to 60 mm Hg: 38 with proven REM sleep desaturation and 13 without desaturation. Nocturnal oxygen at 3 L/min was delivered by concentrator to 19 desaturating subjects, and room air at 3 L/min was delivered by defective concentrator to the remaining 19 desaturating subjects. There was no gas therapy for the 13 nondesaturating subjects. The nocturnal desaturator group who received supplemental oxygen during sleep over 36 months showed a significant downward trend in pulmonary artery pressure (-3.7 mm Hg) compared with desaturating patients treated with room air (+3.9 mm Hg). Nonvascular parameters of hypoxia, such as hemoglobin and red blood cell mass, did not differ between the sham- and oxygen-treated groups. Mortality was decidedly higher In the desaturating patients compared with nondesaturating subjects, but there was no significant difference between oxygen- and sham-treated desaturating subjects. We conclude that nasal supplemental oxygen used during sleep to reverse episodic desaturation in COPD patients whose daytime PaO2 is above 60 mm Hg has a beneficial effect in reducing pulmonary artery pressure. Further study Is needed to examine the usefulness of supplemental oxygen in reducing mortality in COPD patients with nocturnal desaturation who do not qualify for home oxygen by current criteria. C1 HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,PULM DIS SECT,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 24 TC 100 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 0003-0805 J9 AM REV RESPIR DIS JI Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 145 IS 5 BP 1070 EP 1076 PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA HU614 UT WOS:A1992HU61400016 PM 1586049 ER PT J AU KROENKE, K LAWRENCE, VA THEROUX, JF TULEY, MR AF KROENKE, K LAWRENCE, VA THEROUX, JF TULEY, MR TI OPERATIVE RISK IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UPPER ABDOMINAL-SURGERY; PREOPERATIVE SPIROMETRY; SURGICAL PROCEDURES; CARDIAC-SURGERY; CLINICAL COURSE; COMPLICATIONS; ANESTHESIA; PREVENTION; INDEX AB Background. - We wanted to determine the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications and mortality in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods. - We reviewed 107 consecutive operations performed in 89 patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (forced expiratory volume in 1 second, < 50% of predicted). Results. - Postoperative pulmonary complications occurred in 31 operations (29%) and were significantly related to the type and duration of surgery. Also, American Society of Anesthesiologists class approached significance as a predictor. Postoperative pulmonary complications occurred at higher rates in coronary artery bypass grafting and major abdominal procedures (60% and 56%) than in other operations involving general or spinal anesthesia (27%) or in procedures performed with the patient under regional or local anesthesia (16%). When the durations of the operations were classified as less than 1 hour, 1 to 2 hours, 2 to 4 hours, and more than 4 hours, the rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were 4%, 23%, 38%, and 73%, respectively. Regarding American Society of Anesthesiologists class, postoperative pulmonary complications occurred in 10% of patients in class II, 28% of those in class III, and 46% of those in class IV. In terms of life-threatening complications, there were six deaths and only two cases of nonfatal ventilatory failure. Notably, mortality clustered primarily in coronary artery bypass graft procedures. Five of 10 patients receiving coronary artery bypass grafts died, compared with one death after 97 non-coronary artery bypass graft operations (50% vs 1%). Conclusions. - Although the risk of coronary artery bypass grafting deserves further study, noncardiac surgery carries an acceptable operative risk in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP KROENKE, K (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 30 TC 85 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 152 IS 5 BP 967 EP 971 DI 10.1001/archinte.152.5.967 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HU616 UT WOS:A1992HU61600011 PM 1580723 ER PT J AU RAHMAN, MU CHEEMA, MA SCHUMACHER, HR HUDSON, AP AF RAHMAN, MU CHEEMA, MA SCHUMACHER, HR HUDSON, AP TI MOLECULAR EVIDENCE FOR THE PRESENCE OF CHLAMYDIA IN THE SYNOVIUM OF PATIENTS WITH REITERS-SYNDROME SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; DISEASE; TRACHOMATIS; HYBRIDIZATION; FLUID; DNA; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION; RESPONSES AB Objective. There is much evidence indicating that chlamydial antigens in the synovium may be critical in the pathogenesis of Reiter's syndrome (RS), but it is not known whether intact organisms are present in that tissue in any stage of the disease. The present study was undertaken to begin to address this question. Methods. We used a highly specific and sensitive molecular hybridization screening system which detects chlamydial RNA, to examine synovial biopsy samples from 22 patients with various arthropathies, including 9 with RS. Results. Seven of the 9 RS patients were positive for chlamydial RNA, while 3 of the 13 non-RS patients were also positive; positive results in the non-RS patients probably indicate the actual presence of the organism, since these patients had arthritis that was otherwise incompletely explained. Conclusion. The detection of chlamydial RNA, in combination with previous findings of chlamydia-like particles and/or chlamydial antigens in the synovium of RS patients, suggests that whole bacterial cells are present in that tissue. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ARTHRIT IMMUNOL,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. MED COLL PENN,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,DIV RHEUMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00040] NR 51 TC 133 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 35 IS 5 BP 521 EP 529 DI 10.1002/art.1780350506 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA HV713 UT WOS:A1992HV71300006 PM 1374250 ER PT J AU SCHUMACHER, HR AF SCHUMACHER, HR TI HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY - RHEUMATOLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1ST INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY CY JUN 21-24, 1992 CL FLORENCE, ITALY SP UNIV FLORENCE, INST INTERNAL MED 4, UNIV ZAGREB, MED FAC, DEPT PHYS MED & RHEUMATOL, INST NACL CARDIOL IGNACIO CHAVEZ, DEPT RHEUMATOL DE HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY; DIGITAL CLUBBING; PACHYDERMOPERIOSTOSIS ID ARTICULAR MANIFESTATIONS; AORTIC PROSTHESIS; PACHYDERMOPERIOSTOSIS; CARCINOMA; INFECTION; TISSUE AB Arthropathy can occasionally be an early clue to the diagnosis of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA). Joint effusions are typically relatively non-inflammatory, while synovial membrane biopsies show a variety of vascular changes that suggest the consideration of several factors possibly involved in the pathogenesis of HOA. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP SCHUMACHER, HR (reprint author), UNIV PENN,3RD RAVDIN BLDG HOSP,34TH & SPRUCE ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY PI PISA PA VIA SANTA MARIA 31, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 0392-856X J9 CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 10 SU 7 BP 35 EP 40 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JC382 UT WOS:A1992JC38200009 PM 1623671 ER PT J AU WONG, TK PEKARY, AE HOO, GS BRADLEY, ME HERSHMAN, JM AF WONG, TK PEKARY, AE HOO, GS BRADLEY, ME HERSHMAN, JM TI COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR MEASURING FREE-THYROXINE IN NONTHYROIDAL ILLNESS SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION IMMUNOASSAY; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; IMMUNORADIOMETRIC ASSAY ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; NON-THYROIDAL ILLNESSES; FACTOR-ALPHA; EQUILIBRIUM DIALYSIS; SERUM; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; ULTRAFILTRATION; INTERLEUKIN-1; MECHANISM AB Patients with severe nonthyroidal illness (NTI) often have decreased serum thyroxin (T4) concentrations and sometimes have decreased free T4 (FT4) and increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentrations. We evaluated four commercial methods for measuring FT4 [Abbott IMx, Amersham Amerlex MAB, Nicholas, and Diagnostic Products Corporation (DPC) RIA] and one method for TNF-alpha in 41 NTI patients, 24 euthyroid control subjects, and 10 hypothyroid patients. Free T4 index (FTI) was also measured by the Abbott IMx method. Euthyroid subjects' results were in the stated normal ranges. NTI FT4 was subnormal in 2.4%, 61%, and 29% by the Nichols, DPC, and Amerlex methods, respectively. The DPC, Amersham Amerlex, and Abbott IMx methods gave significantly lower FT4 values for the NTI group than for the controls. There were good correlations between the various FT4 methods in the NTI group. FTI concentrations correlated well with FT4 for the euthyroid and hypothyroid groups but poorly for the NTI group. The Abbott IMx and Nichols RIA methods yield values in the hypothyroid range for only a small proportion of NTI patients. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ENDOCRINOL & METAB SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 38 IS 5 BP 720 EP 724 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA HU749 UT WOS:A1992HU74900020 PM 1582025 ER PT J AU LEO, MA KIM, CI LOWE, N LIEBER, CS AF LEO, MA KIM, CI LOWE, N LIEBER, CS TI INTERACTION OF ETHANOL WITH BETA-CAROTENE - DELAYED BLOOD CLEARANCE AND ENHANCED HEPATOTOXICITY SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-A; DEHYDROGENASE-ACTIVITY; ALCOHOL; CANCER; RAT; CONSUMPTION; RISK; LUNG; ANTIOXIDANT; CONVERSION AB Because we had found that ethanol interacts with retinol, we investigated whether it also affects its precursor, beta-carotene. In 14 baboons fed ethanol (50% of total energy) for 2 to 5 yr with a standard amount of beta-carotene (one 200-gm carrot/day), levels of beta-carotene were much higher than in controls fed isocaloric carbohydrate, both in plasma (122.5 +/- 30.9 nmol/dl vs. 6.3 +/- 1.4 nmol/dl; p < 0.005) and in liver (7.9 +/- 1.1 nmol/gm vs. 1.8 +/- 0.5 nmol/gm; p < 0.001). Even 20 days after withdrawal of the carrots, plasma beta-carotene levels remained higher in alcohol-fed baboons than in controls (10.1 +/- 3.8 nmol/dl vs. < 0.1 nmol/dl). Next, the diet was supplemented with beta-carotene beadlets: in four pairs of baboons given a low dose of beta-carotene (3 mg/1,000 kcal), plasma levels were significantly higher in alcohol-fed animals than in controls, even when expressed per cholesterol (although the latter increased with alcohol intake). Seven pairs of animals were given a higher dose (30 mg/1,000 kcal) of beta-carotene for 1 mo, followed, in four pairs, by 45 mg for another month. On cessation of beta-carotene treatment, plasma levels decreased more slowly in the alcohol-fed baboons than in the controls. Percutaneous liver biopsy specimens revealed that liver concentrations of beta-carotene correlated with plasma levels but were higher in the alcohol-fed baboons than in the control baboons, whereas the beta-carotene-induced increase in liver retinoids was lower (p < 0.02). Furthermore, the ethanol-induced liver depletion of total retinoids (432 +/- 103 nmol/gm vs. 1,711 +/- 103 in controls; p < 0.001) was not corrected (637 +/- 149 vs. 2,404 +/- 74; p < 0.001), despite the massive supplementation with beta-carotene. Moreover, in the animals fed alcohol with beta-carotene, multiple ultrastructural lesions appeared, with autophagic vacuoles, abundant myelin figures, degenerated mitochondria and increased blood levels of the mitochondrial enzyme glutamic dehydrogenase. The histological changes were either absent or much less prominent in the baboons given beta-carotene with the control diet or in animals fed the ethanol or control diets without beta-carotene. Thus the combination of an increase in plasma and liver beta-carotene after ethanol and a relative lack of a corresponding rise in retinol suggests interference with the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A. Because of an associated exacerbation of the liver toxicity, we conclude that beta-carotene must be administered cautiously in the presence of heavy alcohol consumption because the optimal human therapeutic dose remains to be defined. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,151-G,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468. CUNY MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIVER DIS SECT,BRONX,NY. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA03508]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32810] NR 52 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD MAY PY 1992 VL 15 IS 5 BP 883 EP 891 DI 10.1002/hep.1840150522 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA HR635 UT WOS:A1992HR63500021 PM 1568731 ER PT J AU WALD, TG TOBACMAN, JK AF WALD, TG TOBACMAN, JK TI PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS-DISEASES IN AMBULATORY CARE - IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS AND CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; ACUTE RHEUMATIC-FEVER; IMMUNIZATION POLICIES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; MISSED OPPORTUNITIES; UNITED-STATES; ENDOCARDITIS; RESURGENCE; REDUCTION; AREA AB OBJECTIVE: To review the current recommendations for immunoprophylaxis and chemoprophylaxis of infection in adults, including those who are at increased risk from occupation, lifestyle, travel, or pre-existing medical conditions. DESIGN: Review of the pertinent literature. SETTING: Adult ambulatory care. CONCLUSIONS: Guidelines for the prevention of several diseases including measles, tuberculosis, and bacterial endocarditis recently have been changed. Current recommendations for immunization, immune globulin therapy, and chemotherapy for these and other common infections are reviewed. C1 UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIAT SECT,MADISON,WI. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 13 IS 5 BP 272 EP 281 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA HU432 UT WOS:A1992HU43200006 PM 1593110 ER PT J AU FLETCHER, EC LESSKE, J BEHM, R MILLER, CC STAUSS, H UNGER, T AF FLETCHER, EC LESSKE, J BEHM, R MILLER, CC STAUSS, H UNGER, T TI CAROTID CHEMORECEPTORS, SYSTEMIC BLOOD-PRESSURE, AND CHRONIC EPISODIC HYPOXIA MIMICKING SLEEP-APNEA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROMES; ANOXIA; HYPOXEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE; CAROTID BODY; GLOMUS-CAROTICUM; PRESSORECEPTORS; BARORECEPTORS ID AWAKE RAT; TRACHEOSTOMY; HYPERTENSION; HYPERSOMNIA; RESPONSES; CATECHOLAMINES; BARORECEPTOR; HYPOXEMIA; PLASMA AB We have described a rat model that responds to repetitive episodic hypoxia (12-s infusions of nitrogen into daytime sleeping chambers every 30 s, 7 h/day for 35 days) with an increase in diurnal systemic blood pressure. We hypothesized that afferent information from the peripheral chemoreceptors may be necessary to produce diurnal blood pressure elevation in this hypoxia model. Carotid body denervation (CBD) was accomplished by severing both carotid sinus nerves in two groups of male Wistar rats (250-375 g). Group 4 CBD rats were subjected to intermittent hypoxia for 35 days (3-5% nadir ambient O2) as described above, whereas group 5 CBD rats remained unhandled in their usual cages. Additional sham-operated controls included group 2 sham-"hypoxia" rats, which were housed in chambers identical to the hypoxia rats but supplied with compressed air instead of nitrogen, group 1 (not denervated) rats, which remained unhandled in their usual cages, and group 3 sham-operated rats, which were subjected to 35 days of intermittent hypoxia identical to group 4 CBD rats. Femoral arterial basline and end-of-study blood pressures were measured in conscious rats. The group 3 rats exposed to episodic hypoxia displayed a 13-mmHg increase in mean blood pressure, whereas the other groups showed no significant change from baseline. Left ventricular hypertrophy was evident in all rats exposed to episodic hypoxia, but right ventricular hypertrophy was evident only in the group 4 rats. All CBD rats developed increased hematocrit and hemoglobin, while the group 3 rats (non-CBD, episodic hypoxia) did not. The baroreceptor reflex at baseline was not depressed in the CBD rats. We conclude that intact peripheral chemoreceptors are necessary for the blood pressure in rats to increase in response to episodic hypoxia patterned after that of sleep apnea in humans. C1 UNIV HEIDELBERG,DEPT PHARMACOL,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. UNIV HEIDELBERG,INST HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE RES,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,PULM DIS SECT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. OI Stauss, Harald/0000-0001-6647-1903 NR 37 TC 266 Z9 279 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1978 EP 1984 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA HU331 UT WOS:A1992HU33100048 PM 1601808 ER PT J AU ROODMAN, GD AF ROODMAN, GD TI PERSPECTIVES - INTERLEUKIN-6 - AN OSTEOTROPIC FACTOR SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HYBRIDOMA GROWTH-FACTOR; STIMULATORY FACTOR-II; HUMAN 26-KD PROTEIN; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; PRODUCE IMMUNOGLOBULIN; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; COMPLEMENTARY-DNA; HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; LYMPHOCYTES-B C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ROODMAN, GD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV 151,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-40035]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR39539] NR 37 TC 265 Z9 271 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 7 IS 5 BP 475 EP 478 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HV082 UT WOS:A1992HV08200001 PM 1615755 ER PT J AU SILVA, JA SHARMA, KK LEONG, GB WEINSTOCK, R AF SILVA, JA SHARMA, KK LEONG, GB WEINSTOCK, R TI DANGEROUSNESS OF THE DELUSIONAL MISIDENTIFICATION OF CHILDREN SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE PSYCHIATRY; MENTAL ILLNESS; MISIDENTIFICATION; DANGEROUSNESS; VIOLENCE ID CAPGRAS SYNDROME AB Misidentification syndromes have been studied from a variety of perspectives, including phenomenological, biological, and nosological approaches. More recently, misidentification syndromes have been studied from a psychiatric-legal perspective, especially with regards to the problem of dangerousness. Capgras syndrome and other syndromes of misidentification can lead to hostile mood and subsequent physical violence. Little attention has so far been devoted to children as the objects of the psychotic person's misidentification delusion(s). We provide a review of cases from the anglophonic literature that have children as the misidentified objects, add three new cases, and then discuss the relationship between misidentification and potential harm to these children. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV SO CALIF,INST PSYCHIAT & LAW,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 37 IS 3 BP 830 EP 838 PG 9 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA JY404 UT WOS:A1992JY40400022 PM 1629675 ER PT J AU WANG, R CHEN, L COTTER, RJ QURESHI, N TAKAYAMA, K AF WANG, R CHEN, L COTTER, RJ QURESHI, N TAKAYAMA, K TI FRAGMENTATION OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE ANCHORS IN PLASMA DESORPTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON THE INTERFACE BETWEEN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY AND MICROBIOLOGY : CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY IN MICROBIOLOGY CY JUN 10-13, 1991 CL LUND UNIV, LUND, SWEDEN HO LUND UNIV DE LIPID-A; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; PLASMA DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY; STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIPID-A BACKBONE; LASER DESORPTION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DEFICIENT MUTANT; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; DERIVATIVES AB Plasma desorption mass spectrometry (PD-MS) was employed for the structural analysis of lipid A's derived from the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Escherichia coli D31m4, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides ATCC 17023, and Rhodopseudomonas capsulata ATCC 23782. The deep rough chemotype LPS (ReLPS) of E. coli D31m4, a lipid A containing two 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (KDO) units, was also analyzed. Several forms were examined, including the mono- and di-phosphoryl lipid A's, and lipid A's methylated at the phosphate group. Positive ion PD-MS gave molecular ions, ions corresponding to the loss of ester-linked fatty acyl and glycosidic phosphate groups, oxonium ions formed by the cleavage of the distal sugar, and ions resulting from the two-bond cleavage of the reducing-end sugar. Negative ion PD-MS gave molecular ions and fragmentation products of the phosphate group and fatty acyl anions in the low mass region. The presence of the KDO group on the lipid A structure had little effect on the fragmentation pattern of the rest of the molecule of ReLPS. PD-MS of lipid A has allowed us to determine the molecular weight, the distribution of the fatty acyl groups in both the distal and reducing-end sugars, the nature of the O-linked fatty acyl groups, and the presence of a glycosidic-linked phosphate. In combination with proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, PD-MS allows one to determine the complete structure of lipid A. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & MOLEC SCI,MIDDLE ATLANTIC MASS SPECT FACIL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MYCOBACTERIOL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT BACTERIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. RI Wang, Rong/A-8721-2009 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAY PY 1992 VL 15 IS 3 BP 151 EP 166 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(92)90037-5 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA HW410 UT WOS:A1992HW41000003 ER PT J AU LARSEN, GC MANOLIS, AS SONNENBERG, FA BESHANSKY, JR ESTES, NAM PAUKER, SG AF LARSEN, GC MANOLIS, AS SONNENBERG, FA BESHANSKY, JR ESTES, NAM PAUKER, SG TI COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR - EFFECT OF IMPROVED BATTERY LIFE AND COMPARISON WITH AMIODARONE THERAPY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; REFRACTORY VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA; HOSPITAL CARDIAC-ARREST; SUDDEN-DEATH; FOLLOW-UP; FIBRILLATION; SURVIVAL; ARRHYTHMIAS; TACHYARRHYTHMIAS; RESUSCITATION AB The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) greatly reduces the incidence of sudden cardiac death among patients with recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation who do not respond to conventional antiarrhythmic therapy. A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed, comparing the ICD, amiodarone and conventional agents. Actual variable costs of hospitalization and follow-up care were used for 21 ICD- and 43 amiodarone-treated patients. Life expectancy and total variable costs were predicted with use of a Markov decision analytic model. Clinical event rates and probabilities were based on published reports or expert opinion. Life expectancy with an ICD (6.1 years) was 50% greater than that associated with treatment with amiodarone (3.9 years) and 2.5 times that associated with conventional treatment (2.5 years). Assuming replacement every 24 months, ICD lifetime treatment costs (in 1989 dollars) for a 55-year old patient are expected to be $89,600 compared with $24,800 for amiodarone and $16,100 for conventional therapy, yielding a marginal cost/effectiveness ratio for ICD versus amiodarone therapy of $29,200/year of life saved, which is comparable to that of other accepted medical treatments. If technologic improvements extend average battery life to 36 months, the marginal cost/effectiveness ratio would be $21,800/year of life saved, and at 96 months it would be $13,800/year of life saved. Patient age at implantation did not significantly affect these results, If quality of life on amiodarone therapy is 30% lower than that with the ICD, the marginal cost/effectiveness ratio decreases by 35%. If the quality of life for patients receiving drugs is 40% lower than that of patients treated with an ICD, use of the defibrillator becomes the dominant strategy. C1 NEW ENGLAND MED CTR HOSP,DIV CLIN DECIS MAKING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NEW ENGLAND MED CTR HOSP,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,ELECTROPHYSIOL SERV,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02111. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. RP LARSEN, GC (reprint author), PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV CARDIOL 111B,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. RI Manolis, Antonis/F-5003-2014 FU NLM NIH HHS [LM 7044, LM 4493] NR 45 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1323 EP 1334 PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HR084 UT WOS:A1992HR08400029 PM 1564234 ER PT J AU HAGENCOENEN, J DRINKA, PJ SIEWERT, M AF HAGENCOENEN, J DRINKA, PJ SIEWERT, M TI TETANUS-DIPHTHERIA VACCINATIONS IN A VETERANS NURSING-HOME SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ADULTS; IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION C1 WISCONSIN VET HOME,KING,WI 54946. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 40 IS 5 BP 513 EP 514 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA HT856 UT WOS:A1992HT85600016 PM 1634708 ER PT J AU LOPESVIRELLA, MF VIRELLA, G AF LOPESVIRELLA, MF VIRELLA, G TI LIPOPROTEINS AND IMMUNE-RESPONSES IN THE VASCULAR WALL AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN DIABETES SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON DIABETES, VASCULAR RISKS, AND GLICLAZIDE ( DIAMICRON ) CY JUN 28, 1991 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP SERVIER INT RES INST ID LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; CHOLESTERYL ESTER SYNTHESIS; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; INTERLEUKIN-1; RELEASE; MECHANISM; COMPLEXES C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL METAB NUTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP LOPESVIRELLA, MF (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29403, USA. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 41 IS 5 SU 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1016/0026-0495(92)90087-Q PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HU840 UT WOS:A1992HU84000004 PM 1574007 ER PT J AU RUBIN, DH WEINER, DB DWORKIN, C GREENE, MI MAUL, GG WILLIAMS, WV AF RUBIN, DH WEINER, DB DWORKIN, C GREENE, MI MAUL, GG WILLIAMS, WV TI RECEPTOR UTILIZATION BY REOVIRUS TYPE-3 - DISTINCT BINDING-SITES ON THYMOMA AND FIBROBLAST CELL-LINES RESULT IN DIFFERENTIAL COMPARTMENTALIZATION OF VIRIONS SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE REOVIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ; ANTIIDIOTYPE; CELLULAR RECEPTORS; VIRUS ATTACHMENT POLYPEPTIDE ID MAMMALIAN REOVIRUS; ATTACHMENT PROTEIN; SURFACE RECEPTOR; MOLECULAR-BASIS; HEMAGGLUTININ; ANTIBODY; VIRULENCE; MEMBRANE; GLYCOPROTEINS; IDIOTYPE C1 NASHVILLE VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37212. WISTAR INST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,RHEUMATOL SECT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT RES MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,IMMUNOBIOL SECT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP RUBIN, DH (reprint author), NASHVILLE VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,1310 24TH AVE S,NASHVILLE,TN 37212, USA. RI Weiner, David/H-8579-2014 NR 47 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 12 IS 5 BP 351 EP 365 DI 10.1016/0882-4010(92)90098-9 PG 15 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA JD037 UT WOS:A1992JD03700004 PM 1501574 ER PT J AU JONES, MM SINGH, PK GALE, GR SMITH, AB ATKINS, LM AF JONES, MM SINGH, PK GALE, GR SMITH, AB ATKINS, LM TI CADMIUM MOBILIZATION INVIVO BY INTRAPERITONEAL OR ORAL-ADMINISTRATION OF MONOALKYL ESTERS OF MESO-2,3-DIMERCAPTOSUCCINIC ACID IN THE MOUSE SO PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHELATING-AGENTS; EXCRETION; DIMERCAPTOSUCCINATE; METALLOTHIONEIN; TOXICITY; DEPOSITS AB The relative activities of a series of nine monoalkyl esters of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid have been examined as agents for the mobilization of cadmium from mice one week after intraperitoneal administration of cadmium chloride. Eight of these are newly synthetized; all are of the type ROOCCH(SH)CH(SH)COOH, were R=Me, MMDMS; R=C2H5, MEDMS; R=(CH2)2CH3, Mn-PDMS; R=CHMe2, Mi-PDMS; R=(CH2)3CH3, Mn-BDMS; R=CH2CHMe2, Mi-BDMS; R=(CH2)4CH3, Mn-ADMS; R=(CH2)2CHMe2, Mi-ADMS; and R=(CH2)5CH3, Mn-HDMS. All are soluble in dilute sodium bicarbonate solutions and can be administered as aqueous solutions. Cadmium mobilization data were collected on each compound using mice previously loaded with cadmium; the monoesters were administered at a level of 0.40 mmol/kg intraperitoneally daily for five days. Data on whole body cadmium mobilization indicated that the monoester with the isoamyl group was the most effective under the conditions used. The relative whole body cadmium mobilization increased with the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of the monoester up to C5 and then decreased for the C6 compound. Cadmium removal from the kidneys and liver was also measured. It was found that the monoisoamyl ester was the most effective in removing cadmium from both the liver and the kidneys. The monoisoamyl ester also proved to be very effective in mobilizing cadmium from both the liver and the kidneys when given orally. This is the first compound which is reported capable of mobilizing cadmium in vivo from aged deposits after oral administration. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VET ADM MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP JONES, MM (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BOX 1583,STN B,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 02683-10] NR 23 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0901-9928 J9 PHARMACOL TOXICOL JI Pharmacol. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 70 IS 5 BP 336 EP 343 PN 1 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HY281 UT WOS:A1992HY28100004 PM 1319053 ER PT J AU LEARY, AG ZENG, HQ CLARK, SC OGAWA, M AF LEARY, AG ZENG, HQ CLARK, SC OGAWA, M TI GROWTH-FACTOR REQUIREMENTS FOR SURVIVAL IN G0 AND ENTRY INTO THE CELL-CYCLE OF PRIMITIVE HUMAN HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS; INTERLEUKINS ID MULTIPOTENTIAL HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; BLAST CELL; STEM-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; BONE-MARROW; CULTURE; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; INVITRO AB In this study we have isolated populations of dormant human hemopoietic progenitors by two different approaches. First CD34+ cells isolated by panning were further separated on the basis of absence of HLA-DR expression by using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Second, CD34+ HLA-DR- cells were isolated by nonadherence to soybean agglutinin, negative immunomagnetic bead selection with lineage-specific antibodies, and two-color cell sorting. Progenitors in either cell population were unable to form colonies in the presence of interleukin (IL)-3 alone but yielded a substantial number of colonies, including multilineage colonies, in the presence of combinations of IL-3 and IL-6. Similarly, IL-3 plus any one of the other synergistic factors, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor, and steel factor, effectively supported colony formation from CD34+ HLA-DR- progenitors. Sequential observation of colony formation from single CD34+ HLA-DR- cells provided definitive evidence that the synergistic factors trigger cell divisions of dormant cells. Studies with delayed addition of factors to the cultures provided evidence that this population of cells also requires IL-3 or granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to survive even while dormant. In contrast, none of the synergistic factors were able to replace IL-3 or GM-CSF in this function. These findings confirm and extend the model that multiple factors with overlapping functions operate both independently and in combination to regulate early stages of hemopoiesis. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. GENET INST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02140. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 22 TC 223 Z9 223 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 9 BP 4013 EP 4017 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.9.4013 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HR853 UT WOS:A1992HR85300071 PM 1373892 ER PT J AU SILVA, JA LEONG, GB AF SILVA, JA LEONG, GB TI THE CAPGRAS SYNDROME IN PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA SO PSYCHOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBJECTIVE DOUBLES; INTERMETAMORPHOSIS; DELUSION; SYSTEM AB Capgras syndrome is characterized by a delusion of impostors who are thought to be physically similar but psychologically distinct from the misidentified person. This syndrome is generally thought to be relatively rare. Most of our knowledge about Capgras syndrome derives from single case studies and small series of cases usually from diagnostically heterogeneous groups. In this article, a series of 31 patients suffering from both paranoid schizophrenia and Capgras syndrome is described. Issues pertaining to the phenomenology of Capgras syndrome, the possible relation between Capgras syndrome and other delusional misidentification syndromes, and a neurobiological hypothesis aimed at explaining Capgras syndrome are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 35 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-4962 J9 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY JI Psychopathology PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 25 IS 3 BP 147 EP 153 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA JV420 UT WOS:A1992JV42000005 PM 1448540 ER PT J AU TERAYAMA, Y MEYER, JS KAWAMURA, J WEATHERS, S MORTEL, KF AF TERAYAMA, Y MEYER, JS KAWAMURA, J WEATHERS, S MORTEL, KF TI PATTERNS OF CEREBRAL HYPOPERFUSION COMPARED AMONG DEMENTED AND NONDEMENTED PATIENTS WITH STROKE SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE DEMENTIA; WHITE MATTER; CEREBRAL INFARCTION ID MULTI-INFARCT DEMENTIA; WHITE-MATTER LESIONS; BLOOD-FLOW MEASUREMENTS; SCAN LEUKO-ARAIOSIS; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; RISK-FACTORS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; NEUROLOGIC FINDINGS; NORMAL INDIVIDUALS; ELDERLY SUBJECTS AB Background and Purpose: No reports are available that compare local cerebral perfusion among groups of patients suffering from multiple cerebral infarctions with and without cognitive impairments. The present study was designed to correlate changes in regional cerebral perfusion that may lead to dementia among patients with multiple cerebral infarctions by comparing measurements of local cerebral blood flow. Methods: local perfusion was measured using xenon-contrasted computed tomographic scanning among two groups of patients who had suffered from multiple cerebral infarctions: Group D (n = 12) were demented and had severe cognitive impairments, and group I (n = 11) were cognitively intact. Results were compared with similar measurements among neurologically and cognitively normal, age-matched volunteers (group N, n = 16). Results: Mean local perfusion values were reduced among both groups with cerebral infarctions but to a more marked degree in group D (p < 0.05). Perfusion of cerebral white matter was diffusely and severely reduced in group D (p < 0.05) but was mildly reduced only in frontal and capsular white matter in group I (p < 0.05). Perfusion of cerebral cortex was reduced in frontal (p < 0.01) and temporal (p < 0.01) regions among both groups but to a significantly greater degree in group D subjects (frontal, p < 0.05; temporal, p < 0.01), who also showed hypoperfusion of the occipital cortex (p < 0.05), apparently because of underlying leukoaraiosis and cortical disconnections. Perfusion ot the basal ganglia was reduced to the same degree among both groups of stroke patients (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Leukoaraiosis with white matter hypoperfusion appears to be an important determinant for cognitive impairments among patients with multiple cerebral infarctions. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW LAB,BLDG 7,ROOM 209,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD 151A,HOUSTON,TX 77030. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT RADIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT NEUROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 47 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD MAY PY 1992 VL 23 IS 5 BP 686 EP 692 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HT395 UT WOS:A1992HT39500011 PM 1579967 ER PT J AU LI, B LLOYD, ML GUDJONSSON, H SHUG, AL OLSEN, WA AF LI, B LLOYD, ML GUDJONSSON, H SHUG, AL OLSEN, WA TI THE EFFECT OF ENTERAL CARNITINE ADMINISTRATION IN HUMANS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE CARNITINE; HUMAN; INTESTINAL ABSORPTION; JEJUNUM; RENAL REABSORPTION; TRIPLE-LUMEN PERFUSIONS ID ABSORPTION; DEFICIENCY; TRANSPORT; EXCRETION; CARDIOMYOPATHY; METABOLISM; INTESTINE; JEJUNUM; SERUM; RAT AB We previously determined that the L-carnitine uptake by human duodenal tissue occurs by both active (K(T) 558-mu-mol/L) and passive mechanisms. The effects of enteral carnitine was studied in humans. A hamburger meal (345-mu-mol total carnitine) induced peak jejunal fluid free (unesterified) and short-chain acylcarnitine concentrations (SCAC) of 209 and 130-mu-mol/L, respectively. Plasma carnitine concentrations and the percent renal reabsorption remained unchanged. By contrast, a pharmacologic dose of free carnitine (25 298-mu-mol) raised peak intraluminal free and SCAC to 20 660 and 4204-mu-mol/L. Plasma total carnitine concentrations doubled to 93-mu-mol/L, and the percent renal reabsorption of free and SCAC declined to 76% and 52%, respectively. In triple-lumen perfusions, 200-mu-mol carnitine/L was absorbed at 484 nmol.min-1.30cm-1 jejunum, a rate sufficient for prandial but not pharmacologic assimilation. Our findings indicate that absorption of physiologic and pharmacologic amounts of carnitive occurs predominantly by active transport and passive diffusion, respectively. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PEDIAT,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. MIDDLETON VET ADM HOSP,METABOL RES LABS,MADISON,WI. FU NIADDK NIH HHS [R0 AM-13927, 5P30 AM-26659, R01 AM-32667] NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD APR PY 1992 VL 55 IS 4 BP 838 EP 845 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA HM118 UT WOS:A1992HM11800012 PM 1550066 ER PT J AU ZHOU, WG MCCOLLUM, MO LEVINE, BA OLSON, MS AF ZHOU, WG MCCOLLUM, MO LEVINE, BA OLSON, MS TI ROLE OF PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR IN PANCREATITIS-ASSOCIATED ACUTE LUNG INJURY IN THE RAT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GUINEA-PIG; RABBIT; CELL; PAF; PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2; NEUTROPHILS; ANTAGONIST; PULMONARY AB Acute necrotizing pancreatitis induced by infusion of bile salt into the pancreatic duct in rats is consistently associated with acute lung injury similar to the adult respiratory distress syndrome. The role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in this pancreatitis-associated remote organ failure (lung injury) was investigated. Pulmonary tissue levels of PAF were increased gradually and reached a level of 1345 +/- 455 pg/g (6 times the control level) at 12 hours after induction of pancreatitis, whereas pancreatic PAF levels were undetectable and blood PAF remained unchanged. This local pulmonary PAF accumulation occurred at approximately the same time as the progression of lung injury. Pulmonary responses detected (i.e., eicosanoid production, leukocytic infiltration, Evan's blue extravasation, beta-glucuronidase release) were attenuated to varying degrees by treatment of rats in which pancreatitis was initiated with the PAF receptor antagonists (WEB2170 and BN52021). Rat lung lavages were examined after a 12-hour course of pancreatitis and no changes in PAF concentration, surfactant content, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity were noted. Intravenous administration of PLA2 promoted pulmonary PAF production in experimental rats with pancreatitis but not in normal rats. This observation indicates that PLA2, which was determined to be elevated in plasma during pancreatitis, may be responsible for the accumulation of PAF in the lung. In conclusion, pancreatitis-associated lung injury appears to result from an endogenous inflammatory response in which PAF may play an important role. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIADDK NIH HHS [AM 19473] NR 35 TC 60 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 140 IS 4 BP 971 EP 979 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA HM481 UT WOS:A1992HM48100024 PM 1562055 ER PT J AU PINZANI, M ABBOUD, HE GESUALDO, L ABBOUD, SL AF PINZANI, M ABBOUD, HE GESUALDO, L ABBOUD, SL TI REGULATION OF MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR IN LIVER FAT-STORING CELLS BY PEPTIDE GROWTH-FACTORS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TRANSITIONAL CELLS; HEPATIC LIPOCYTES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; KUPFFER CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; FACTOR-ALPHA; FACTOR CSF-1; RAT-LIVER AB Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) selectively promotes mononuclear phagocyte survival, proliferation, and differentiation. The production of this factor within the liver may be necessary to support the relatively long-term survival of circulating monocytes as they migrate into tissues and differentiate into macrophages. We studied the constitutive expression and the effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on M-CSF mRNA levels and secretion of M-CSF in murine liver fat-storing cells (FSC), vascular pericytes likely involved in the development of liver fibrosis. By Northern analysis, using a murine M-CSF cDNA, FSC constitutively express two major transcripts of 4.4 and 2.2 kb, similar to those detected in mouse L cells, used as a control. Exposure to 10 ng/ml PDGF or bFGF increased M-CSF mRNA levels. Peak effects were observed at 3 and 6 h for PDGF and bFGF, respectively, returning to baseline levels by 12 h. Under basal conditions, detectable amounts of M-CSF, measured by radioimmunoassay, were found in cell supernatants conditioned for 8 and 24 h. PDGF and bFGF markedly stimulated the release of M-CSF as early as 8 h, an effect persisting for at least 24 h. These findings suggest that liver FSC release M-CSF upon stimulation by PDGF and bFGF and may contribute to the activation of resident or infiltrating cells in inflammatory liver diseases. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT MED,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV FLORENCE,IST CLIN MED 2,I-50134 FLORENCE,ITALY. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33655] NR 33 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 262 IS 4 BP C876 EP C881 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA HQ053 UT WOS:A1992HQ05300009 PM 1566815 ER PT J AU BLAZERYOST, BL FESSEHA, Y COX, M AF BLAZERYOST, BL FESSEHA, Y COX, M TI ALDOSTERONE-MEDIATED NA+ TRANSPORT IN RENAL EPITHELIA - TIME-COURSE OF INDUCTION OF A POTENTIAL REGULATORY COMPONENT OF THE CONDUCTIVE NA+ CHANNEL SO BIOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID INDUCED PROTEINS; HORMONAL-REGULATION; URINARY BLADDERS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; TOAD BLADDER; ELECTROPHORESIS; LOCALIZATION; SUBUNIT C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP BLAZERYOST, BL (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV RENAL ELECTROLYTE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS AUST PI MARRICKVILLE PA LOCKED BAG 16, MARRICKVILLE NSW 2204, AUSTRALIA SN 0158-5231 J9 BIOCHEM INT PD APR PY 1992 VL 26 IS 5 BP 887 EP 897 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HT563 UT WOS:A1992HT56300012 PM 1319156 ER PT J AU ABBOUD, SL AF ABBOUD, SL TI EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR STIMULATES MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (M-CSF) MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION AND M-CSF RELEASE IN CULTURED MURINE STROMAL CELLS SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; GENE-EXPRESSION; GRANULOCYTE; INTERLEUKIN-1; UROGASTRONE; PLATELETS; CLONING; MARROW; BLOOD AB Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) released by stromal cells of the bone marrow microenvironment plays a crucial role in the growth and proliferation of mononuclear cells. Several peptide mitogens including interleukin-1, tumour necrosis factor, platelet-derived growth factor and fibroblast growth factor stimulate the release of M-CSF and may be important in mediating the haematopoietic response to inflammation. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), released from platelets during aggregation, is mitogenic for a variety of cell types and may cause the release of certain cytokines. In this study we used the TC-1 murine stromal cells which constitutively secrete M-CSF as a model to study the regulation of M-CSF in response to EGF. EGF markedly stimulated the steady state expression of M-CSF mRNA with a peak effect observed at 3 h. This was associated with the release of M-CSF protein as determined by radioimmunoassay. EGF also stimulated DNA synthesis in a concentration dependent manner. Although TC-1 cells express GM-CSF mRNA, this was not induced by EGF. These findings suggest that EGF is a key regulatory molecule for M-CSF and may indirectly effect haematopoiesis via the release of M-CSF from stromal cells. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ABBOUD, SL (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 80 IS 4 BP 452 EP 457 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1992.tb04557.x PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA HM876 UT WOS:A1992HM87600006 PM 1581229 ER PT J AU COOLEY, ME AF COOLEY, ME TI BEREAVEMENT CARE - A ROLE FOR NURSES SO CANCER NURSING LA English DT Article DE BEREAVEMENT CARE; GRIEF; NURSING ASSESSMENT; NURSING MANAGEMENT; HIGH-RISK INDIVIDUALS ID INTERVENTION; ADJUSTMENT AB Bereavement care is an important, yet often forgotten, area of care. Evidence suggests that early and prompt interventions for high-risk individuals can facilitate grief and can minimize the adverse consequences of grief. Nurses can play a pivotal role in providing care to bereaved individuals. However, it is essential to have a thorough knowledge of the normal grief response, and a framework for assessment and management. This article provides fundamental information about the manifestations of grief and offers information about appropriate nursing assessment and management for bereaved individuals. C1 PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LUNG TUMOR CLIN,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0162-220X J9 CANCER NURS JI Cancer Nurs. PD APR PY 1992 VL 15 IS 2 BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Oncology; Nursing SC Oncology; Nursing GA HT413 UT WOS:A1992HT41300004 PM 1617618 ER PT J AU HERIAN, AM BUSH, RK TAYLOR, SL AF HERIAN, AM BUSH, RK TAYLOR, SL TI PROTEIN AND ALLERGEN CONTENT OF COMMERCIAL SKIN-TEST EXTRACTS FOR SOYBEANS SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY LA English DT Article ID FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; CHILDREN; RAST AB The protein and allergen contents of four commercial soybean skin test extracts were tested by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting using sera from soy-allergic adults. Polyacrylamide gels stained with Coomassie Blue showed an absence of several major soybean proteins, particularly those at higher molecular weights. The acidic subunits of glycinin and beta-conglycinin. major soybean storage proteins. appear to be absent or present in much reduced amounts. Immunoblots with soy-allergic sera indicate alteration, reduction, or loss of IgE-binding in the commercial extracts as compared to extracts of soy flour. In one soy-allergic patient, skin tests revealed a negative response to three of the commercial soybean extracts and a mild response to one extract. Defatted soy flour obtained from two of the four extract manufacturers was extracted in the laboratory using a standard procedure for the isolation of soybean proteins. In one case, the extract still had an abnormal protein profile on gel electrophoresis while in the other case, the new extraction procedure gave significantly improved extraction of soy protein. Preparation methods appear to be partially responsible for the variable allergen content in commercial soybean skin test extracts. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,LINCOLN,NE 68583. UNIV NEBRASKA,CTR FOOD PROC,LINCOLN,NE 68583. UNIV WISCONSIN,INST FOOD RES,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0954-7894 J9 CLIN EXP ALLERGY JI Clin. Exp. Allergy PD APR PY 1992 VL 22 IS 4 BP 461 EP 468 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb00148.x PG 8 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA HT084 UT WOS:A1992HT08400008 PM 1611546 ER PT J AU BAUER, RL VENKATACHALAM, H FORRESTER, R HARRIS, G AF BAUER, RL VENKATACHALAM, H FORRESTER, R HARRIS, G TI A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF AMBULATORY CARE IN THE 3RD YEAR CLERKSHIP SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A596 EP A596 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102656 ER PT J AU BAUER, RL HAFFNER, SM AF BAUER, RL HAFFNER, SM TI INCREASED ANDROGENICITY OF OBESE PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN DOES NOT ACCOUNT FOR INCREASED BONE-DENSITY SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A413 EP A413 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74101581 ER PT J AU BELZER, MB PARENTI, C LENZ, S LURIE, N AF BELZER, MB PARENTI, C LENZ, S LURIE, N TI WHAT KIND OF TEACHING IS THERE ON ATTENDING ROUNDS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HENNEPIN CTY MED CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A596 EP A596 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102658 ER PT J AU CROW, SE LICHTENSTEIN, MJ TULEY, MR MASCARENHAS, C WARYAS, P AF CROW, SE LICHTENSTEIN, MJ TULEY, MR MASCARENHAS, C WARYAS, P TI OBSERVER VARIABILITY IN SCREENING FOR HEARING-LOSS IN THE ELDERLY SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A569 EP A569 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102497 ER PT J AU LAWRENCE, VA HILSENBECK, SG PAGE, CP AF LAWRENCE, VA HILSENBECK, SG PAGE, CP TI POSTOPERATIVE PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS - FORGOTTEN RISK SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A559 EP A559 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102437 ER PT J AU LAWRENCE, VA PAGE, CP HILSENBECK, SG TULEY, MR AF LAWRENCE, VA PAGE, CP HILSENBECK, SG TULEY, MR TI PREDICTING POSTOPERATIVE PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A560 EP A560 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102438 ER PT J AU LICHTENSTEIN, MJ GRIFFIN, MR RAY, WA CORNELL, JE AF LICHTENSTEIN, MJ GRIFFIN, MR RAY, WA CORNELL, JE TI IN-HOSPITAL HIP-FRACTURES - A CASE-CONTROL STUDY SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERONTOL RES EDUC & CLIN CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PREVENT MED,NASHVILLE,TN 37240. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A268 EP A268 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74100758 ER PT J AU MULROW, CD GERETY, MB KANTEN, D CORNELL, J DENINO, L AF MULROW, CD GERETY, MB KANTEN, D CORNELL, J DENINO, L TI PHYSICAL REHABILITATION FOR FRAIL ELDERS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DIV GERIATR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A573 EP A573 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102517 ER PT J AU REDDY, SV SCARCEZ, T CHIRGWIN, J LEACH, R WENDLE, J ROBERTS, MR ROODMAN, CD AF REDDY, SV SCARCEZ, T CHIRGWIN, J LEACH, R WENDLE, J ROBERTS, MR ROODMAN, CD TI CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 5' FLANKING REGION OF THE MOUSE TARTRATE RESISTANT ACID-PHOSPHATASE (TRAP) GENE SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT ANIM SCI,COLUMBIA,MO 65201. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A166 EP A166 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74100175 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL AF WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL TI FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES IN AMBULATORY MEDICAL PATIENTS WITH SHOULDER PAIN - 3 MONTH PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATION SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VET ADM MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,DURHAM,NC 27705. VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT GEN INTERNAL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A595 EP A595 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102648 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL AF WILLIAMS, JW SIMEL, DL TI SHOULDER PAIN AND DISABILITY INDEX - CLINICALLY IMPORTANT CHANGE OVER TIME SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VET ADM MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,DURHAM,NC 27705. VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT GEN INTERNAL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A595 EP A595 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102650 ER PT J AU DEFRONZO, RA AF DEFRONZO, RA TI PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE-2 (NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT) DIABETES-MELLITUS - A BALANCED OVERVIEW SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Discussion ID HEPATIC GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION; ORAL GLUCOSE; POSTPRANDIAL HYPERGLYCEMIA; RELATIVE IMPAIRMENT; NATURAL-HISTORY; FOREARM GLUCOSE; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; PIMA-INDIANS; BETA-CELL; METABOLISM AB Following an overnight fast the majority of glucose disposal occurs in insulin-independent tissues, the brain (approximately 50%) and splanchnic organs (approximately 25%), while only 25% occurs in insulin-dependent tissues, primarily muscle [1-4]. Basal glucose utilization (approximately 2 mg.kg-1.min-1) is precisely matched by glucose production by the liver [1-4]. Following glucose ingestion, the balance between uptake and output is disrupted and maintenance of glucose homeostasis depends upon three processes that must occur in a co-ordinated fashion: (1) insulin secretion; (2) stimulation of glucose uptake by splanchnic (liver and gut) and peripheral (primarily muscle) tissues in response to hyperinsulinaemia plus hyperglycaemia; (3) suppression of hepatic glucose production. It logically follows that abnormalities at the level of the Beta cell, muscle, and/or liver can lead to the development of glucose intolerance. The full blown syndrome of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus requires the simultaneous presence of two defects, insulin resistance and impaired Beta-cell function. In Type 2 diabetes the primary or inherited defect most likely represents impaired tissue (muscle and/or liver) sensitivity to insulin. Eventually, however, the Beta cell fails to maintain a sufficiently high rate of insulin secretion to compensate for the insulin resistance, and overt diabetes mellitus ensues. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP DEFRONZO, RA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV DIABET,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 24092] NR 71 TC 303 Z9 312 U1 4 U2 15 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD APR PY 1992 VL 35 IS 4 BP 389 EP 397 DI 10.1007/BF00401208 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HL175 UT WOS:A1992HL17500014 PM 1516769 ER PT J AU RAHMAN, MU CANTWELL, R JOHNSON, CC HODINKA, RL SCHUMACHER, HR HUDSON, AP AF RAHMAN, MU CANTWELL, R JOHNSON, CC HODINKA, RL SCHUMACHER, HR HUDSON, AP TI INAPPARENT GENITAL-INFECTION WITH CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS AND ITS POTENTIAL ROLE IN THE GENESIS OF REITERS-SYNDROME SO DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS AB An infectious etiology has been suggested for Reiter's syndrome (RS) because the disease has often been observed to follow episodes of urethritis or dysentery. Despite demonstrations of bacterial antigens in the synovial tissues of RS patients, it is not dear whether viable organisms are present in the synovium in any particular stage of this disease. Furthermore, it is not clear how either viable organisms or their product(s) might reach the joints. Infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States, and as such this organism has emerged as a primary pathogen associated with RS. Previous work from our group has shown that synovial biopsy tissues from a majority of RS patients studied show significant levels of apparently intact chlamydial RNA, even when synovial or urethral cultures from the same patients are unequivocally negative for the organism. We show here that inapparent urethral infection with chlamydia occurs with high prevalence in men, and that inapparent cervical infection with the organism occurs at high prevalence in women. These data provide an important link in the relationship between initial chlamydial infection and possible subsequent genesis of RS, and they may give useful insight into mechanisms by which chlamydial infection can lead to development of this disease. Our data argue further that inapparent infection may be a significant factor in pathogenesis for all chlamydia-related diseases, and they suggest that, contrary to current ideas, C. trachomatis can generate disseminated infection. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. MED COLL PENN,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. UNIV PENN,CHILDRENS HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,CLIN VIROL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PATHOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ARTHRITIS IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1044-5498 J9 DNA CELL BIOL JI DNA Cell Biol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 11 IS 3 BP 215 EP 219 DI 10.1089/dna.1992.11.215 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA JG734 UT WOS:A1992JG73400007 PM 1567554 ER PT J AU MULROW, CD TULEY, MR AGUILAR, C AF MULROW, CD TULEY, MR AGUILAR, C TI CORRELATES OF SUCCESSFUL HEARING-AID USE IN OLDER ADULTS SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID VALIDATION; BENEFIT AB Objective: To evaluate whether age, education, functional handicap, degree of hearing loss, amount of hearing and speech recognition gain achieved with hearing aid, locus of control, visual acuity, manual dexterity, number of comorbid diseases, and number of medications predict which elderly individuals with hearing loss are likely to benefit from hearing aids. Design: A logistic regression prediction model for hearing aid benefit was developed on a training set of 89 individuals and verified in a test set of 87 individuals. Hearing aid success was assessed 4 mo after hearing aid administration. It was defined by assessing hearing aid satisfaction, functional handicap change post-hearing aid, and number of hours of weekly hearing aid use. Setting: All patients were elderly male veterans from the Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital. There were no differences in demographic or clinical characteristics in training versus test set individuals. Results: Several variables, including baseline perceived functional handicap, education, number of medications, and age correlated with individual success measures. However, no variables consistently correlated with all success measures. The accuracy of prediction rules for success utilizing the variables ranged from 75 to 88% in the training set, and 54 to 84% in the test set. Conclusion: Although certain baseline factors were statistically significantly related to individual measures of successful hearing aid use, no factors were good enough to consistently differentiate successful from unsuccessful hearing aid candidates. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GERIATR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT GERONTOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP MULROW, CD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,11C,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 33 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD APR PY 1992 VL 13 IS 2 BP 108 EP 113 DI 10.1097/00003446-199204000-00007 PG 6 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA HQ094 UT WOS:A1992HQ09400007 PM 1601191 ER PT J AU EVANS, DG GRAHAM, DY AF EVANS, DG GRAHAM, DY TI INTERNALIZATION OF HELICOBACTER-PYLORI BY EPITHELIAL-CELLS - THE KEY TO THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON HELICOBACTER-PYLORI AND ITS DISEASE CY MAY 09, 1991 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP TAISHO PHARM, UEHARA MEM FDN DE HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; HEP-2 CELLS; Y-1 ADRENAL CELLS; INTERNALIZATION; ENDOCYTOSIS; RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; IMMUNE RESPONSE AB Objective. To better understand the pathogenesis of the intense humoral and cellular response to Helicobacter pylori infection. Design. The mechanism of the uptake of H. pylori into epithelial cells was studied in vitro, using four strains of H. pylori and two different cultured cells. Methods. H. pylori were grown on blood agar. They were counted visually after staining and by colony-forming units of viable bacteria grown with and without gentamicin. Adherence assays were performed with Y-1 mouse adrenal cells and HEp-2 cells grown in 24-cell tissue-culture plates under 12-mm coverslips. To assay viable bacteria, the tissue-culture cells were washed, lysed, and the lysate cultured. The location (attached extracellular versus intracellular) was determined by gentamicin sensitivity and electron microscopy. Results. Isolates of H. pylori enter into the cytoplasm of tissue-culture epithelial cell lines such as HEp-2 cells. The intracellular uptake of H. pylori by HEp-2 cells is rapid and appears to require both the N-acetylneuraminyllactose-binding adhesin and another factor present only in living bacteria. Internalization of H. pylori was inhibited by ammonium chloride and chloroquine at concentrations which did not affect either adherence or bacterial viability. The internalization was completely inhibited when H. pylori and HEp-2 cells were incubated at 4-degrees-C under conditions which did not affect bacterial adherence. Conclusion. Internalization of H. pylori may be the key event that provokes a sustained immune response. RP EVANS, DG (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,DEPT MED,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0954-691X J9 EUR J GASTROEN HEPAT JI Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 4 SU 1 BP S45 EP S47 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA HV997 UT WOS:A1992HV99700010 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, DY KLEIN, PD EVANS, DG FIEDOREK, SC EVANS, DJ ADAM, E MALATY, HM AF GRAHAM, DY KLEIN, PD EVANS, DG FIEDOREK, SC EVANS, DJ ADAM, E MALATY, HM TI HELICOBACTER-PYLORI - EPIDEMIOLOGY, RELATIONSHIP TO GASTRIC-CANCER AND THE ROLE OF INFANTS IN TRANSMISSION SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON HELICOBACTER-PYLORI AND ITS DISEASE CY MAY 09, 1991 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP TAISHO PHARM, UEHARA MEM FDN DE HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GASTRIC CANCER; PEPTIC ULCER; DUODENAL ULCER; TRANSMISSION; GASTRITIS AB Objective. To further understand the epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in man, including the pattern of transmission and the relationship to gastric cancer. Design. This paper reviews the known data on H. pylori epidemiology and provides new data and insights obtained from cross-sectional studies of asymptomatic subjects, including infants and children. Results. The pattern of clinical H. pylori disease found within a population is determined by the age of acquisition of the infection; infection in childhood leads to a predominance of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer, whereas infection in adulthood allows duodenal ulcer to predominate and gastric cancer is rare. H. pylori spreads rapidly among families with children but not in those without, suggesting that children might be involved in the transmission of the infection. infants may be more susceptible than adults to H. pylori, and close contact among the young child segment of the population, which is usually less hygienic, may be a dominant mechanism of transmission. Differences in the prevalence of H. pylori infection in whites, blacks and Hispanics may be a reflection of the distance (expressed in number of generations or generation cohorts) from ancestors of very low socio-economic status; this factor may better define the H. pylori prevalence in a population. Conclusions. Recent insights into the epidemiology of H. pylori infection may allow the identification of critical areas where transmission may be prevented. RP GRAHAM, DY (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,DEPT MED,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 0 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 2 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0954-691X J9 EUR J GASTROEN HEPAT JI Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 4 SU 1 BP S1 EP S6 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA HV997 UT WOS:A1992HV99700003 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, DY AF GRAHAM, DY TI PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS LEADING TO HELICOBACTER-PYLORI-INDUCED INFLAMMATION SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP AND DISCUSSION ON SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF GASTRITIS / DUODENITIS CY OCT 26, 1991 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP ROHM PHARMA DE HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; INFLAMMATION; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; PHAGOCYTOSIS; MECHANISMS AB Purpose: Although there is ample literature concerning the interaction of bacteria and the cellular and humoral immune systems, there are scant data about the gastric mucosal immune response to Helicobacter infection. This paper reviews H. pylori immune system interactions from the perspective of phases of disease while posing questions and approaches for future studies. Conclusion: There is no reason to believe that mucosal interactions are unique and that most lessons previously learned will not apply. H. pylori gastritis is most consistent with response to an invasive pathogen with limited virulence. Recent studies have confirmed internalization of H. pylori by epithelial cells and have provided a possible explanatioin of how H. pylori elicits a systemic immune response. RP GRAHAM, DY (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR 111D,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0954-691X J9 EUR J GASTROEN HEPAT JI Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 4 SU 2 BP S9 EP S16 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA HV998 UT WOS:A1992HV99800003 ER PT J AU JACOBS, HE WISSUSIK, D COLLIER, R STACKMAN, D BURKEMAN, D AF JACOBS, HE WISSUSIK, D COLLIER, R STACKMAN, D BURKEMAN, D TI CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PSYCHIATRIC DISABILITIES AND VOCATIONAL OUTCOME SO HOSPITAL AND COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID REHABILITATION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; PREDICTION AB Eighty-nine subjects were recruited from inpatient and community psychiatric treatment programs in the Los Angeles area to participate in the Brentwood Job Finding Club. They were trained in job-seeking skills and were given logistical support during their job search. Thirty-six percent either obtained a job or entered a job training program. Persons with good work histories, good job interviewing skills, and nonpsychotic diagnoses were more likely to find employment. Persons with psychotic diagnoses and poor work histories and those receiving Supplemental Security Income were the least successful. C1 SPRINGBROOK INST,NEWBERG,OR. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,REHABIL MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP JACOBS, HE (reprint author), MOSS REHABIL HOSP,DRUCKER BRAIN INJURY CTR,1200 W TABOR RD,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19141, USA. NR 19 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0022-1597 J9 HOSP COMMUNITY PSYCH PD APR PY 1992 VL 43 IS 4 BP 365 EP 369 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA HL362 UT WOS:A1992HL36200009 PM 1577428 ER PT J AU TALAL, N FLESCHER, E DANG, H AF TALAL, N FLESCHER, E DANG, H TI ARE ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUSES INVOLVED IN HUMAN AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE SO JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2ND CONGRESS OF IMMUNOINTERVENTION IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES CY MAY 13-16, 1991 CL PARIS, FRANCE ID PRIMARY SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; T-CELLS; EXPRESSION; CD5; ANTIBODIES; INHIBITION; SEQUENCES; IDIOTYPE; PEPTIDE C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP TALAL, N (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [1R01 DE09311-01] NR 34 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0896-8411 J9 J AUTOIMMUN JI J. Autoimmun. PD APR PY 1992 VL 5 SU A BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1016/0896-8411(92)90020-Q PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HP721 UT WOS:A1992HP72100008 PM 1323968 ER PT J AU HURT, MA HARDARSON, S STADECKER, MJ CRUZ, DJS AF HURT, MA HARDARSON, S STADECKER, MJ CRUZ, DJS TI FIBROEPITHELIOMA-LIKE CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH ANOGENITAL EPIDERMOTROPIC MUCINOUS CARCINOMA - FIBROEPITHELIOMATOUS PAGET PHENOMENON SO JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HAIR FOLLICLE; DISEASE; ADENOCARCINOMA; TUMORS AB describe two patients with crusted perineal plaques that were biopsied and diagnosed as Paget's disease. Resection specimens of each contained a dermal mucinous carcinoma with extensive epidermotropism and coexistent epidermal basaloid proliferations closely resembling fibroepithelioma (Pinkus). The presence of the Paget phenomenon was supported by histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural evidence. No other primary neoplasms were found in either patient. Followup at 2 1/2 and 3 1/2 years, respectively, has been negative. We conclude that either the fibroepitheliomatous changes may be induced by or may represent a collision (unlikely) with the epidermotropic mucinous carcinoma. It is proposed that the concept fibroepitheliomatous Paget phenomenon be used to stand for the histologic changes common to our cases as well as those previously reported. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. TUFTS UNIV,NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. RP HURT, MA (reprint author), ST JOHNS MERCY MED CTR,DIV CUTANEOUS PATHOL,615 S NEW BALLAS RD,ST LOUIS,MO 63141, USA. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0303-6987 J9 J CUTAN PATHOL JI J. Cutan. Pathol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 19 IS 2 BP 134 EP 141 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0560.1992.tb01355.x PG 8 WC Dermatology; Pathology SC Dermatology; Pathology GA HQ660 UT WOS:A1992HQ66000010 PM 1375951 ER PT J AU HADDAD, FS AF HADDAD, FS TI RHAZES IS A PERSIAN - REPLY SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP HADDAD, FS (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,CARL T HAYDEN MED CTR,650 E INDIAN SCH RD,PHOENIX,AZ 85012, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD APR PY 1992 VL 119 IS 4 BP 437 EP 437 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA HM903 UT WOS:A1992HM90300020 ER PT J AU OSTERWEIL, D SYNDULKO, K COHEN, SN PETTLERJENNINGS, PD HERSHMAN, JM CUMMINGS, JL TOURTELLOTTE, WW SOLOMON, DH AF OSTERWEIL, D SYNDULKO, K COHEN, SN PETTLERJENNINGS, PD HERSHMAN, JM CUMMINGS, JL TOURTELLOTTE, WW SOLOMON, DH TI COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN NONDEMENTED OLDER ADULTS WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; TRIIODOTHYRONINE; THYROTROPIN; PREVALENCE; DEPRESSION; THYROXINE AB Purpose: (1) to evaluate objectively changes in cognitive function and electrophysiologic characteristics associated with hypothyroidism of varying severity and duration in primarily older persons; (2) to determine whether these changes are reversible when a euthyroid state has been attained after treatment with thyroid hormone. Subjects and Methods: We enrolled 54 non-demented hypothyroid patients (31-99, mean 68.6 +/- 16.4 years) with biochemical evidence of hypothyroidism (38 had overt and 14 had minimal hypothyroidism) and 30 euthyroid controls (31-96, mean 63.7 +/- 18.4 years) screened for good general health. We evaluated attention, orientation, memory, learning, visual-spatial abilities, calculation, language, visual scanning, and motor speed using standardized neuropsychological tests. Electrophysiological measures of neurocognitive function included the P300 latency component of the auditory Event-Related Potentials (ERP) and conduction speed from eye to cortex, the P100 latency component of the Patterned Visual-Evoked Potential (PVEP). All patients were studied when hypothyroid. A subset of patients with minimal initial test abnormalities were available to be retested when euthyroid, 5 and 9 months after onset of thyroid replacement therapy. Results: Hypothyroid patients showed significantly lower scores on the Mini-Mental Status Test (MMS) and on five of 14 neuropsychological tests as compared to controls. The neuropsychological tests affected were copying a cube (visual-spatial function), the Inglis Paired Associates Learning Test-Low and Medium association items (memory and learning), Animal Naming (word fluency/production), and the Trail Making A test (attention, visual scanning and psychomotor function. Hypothyroidism also was associated with longer P100 latencies of PVEPs to 20' checks, but showed no significant differences in PVEP P100 latency to 50' checks, nor in the latency of the auditory ERP component P300. There was a statistically significant correlation between a laboratory index of the severity of hypothyroidism (serum T4) and the Inglis Medium Association items and Animal Naming. There was a statistically significant improvement after 5 months of treatment on three of the timed performance tests that previous studies have shown to be most sensitive to brain dysfunction. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism in non-demented older adults is associated with impairments in learning, word fluency, visual-spatial abilities, and some aspect of attention, visual scanning, and motor speed. The MMS by itself was sensitive in differentiating hypothyroid patients with cognitive deficits from controls, while electrophysiological measures did not generally differentiate the hypothyroid patients from normal controls. The MMS was not sensitive to treatment effects, but treatment was associated with significant improvements in three of the most sensitive measures of cognitive dysfunction. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP OSTERWEIL, D (reprint author), JEWISH HOMES AGING,7150 TAMPA AVE,RESEDA,CA 91335, USA. RI Ain, Kenneth/A-5179-2012 OI Ain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2668-934X FU NIA NIH HHS [1K08AG00259-01A1] NR 59 TC 129 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP 325 EP 335 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA HM369 UT WOS:A1992HM36900004 PM 1556359 ER PT J AU KAWAMURA, J MEYER, JS TERAYAMA, Y WEATHERS, S AF KAWAMURA, J MEYER, JS TERAYAMA, Y WEATHERS, S TI LEUKOARAIOSIS AND CEREBRAL HYPOPERFUSION COMPARED IN ELDERLY NORMALS AND ALZHEIMERS DEMENTIA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WHITE MATTER LUCENCIES; BLOOD-FLOW; AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY; RISK-FACTORS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; NORMAL INDIVIDUALS; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; BRAIN LUCENCIES; DISEASE; COGNITION AB Objective: To elucidate the pathogenesis of leuko-araiosis in patients with Alzheimer's disease by utilizing CT densitometry of the brain and measurements of local perfusion in order to quantify the extent of leuko-araiosis and local hypoperfusion compared with similar measurements made among age-matched normal volunteers. Design: Cross-sectional case-control study. Setting: Out-patient visits to a specialized laboratory located in a large hospital facility. Patients: Eighteen elderly patients with probable dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT, aged 71.8 +/- 5.1 years) and 17 neurologically and cognitively normal, age-matched volunteers (aged 68.2 +/- 9.6 years) were admitted to the study according to established criteria. Intervention: None Main Outcome Measures: Cerebral blood flow (mL/100 g brain/min estimated by the xenon inhalation CT-CBF method correlated with volume percentage ratio (%) measured by CT densitometry for leuko-araiosis, compared to normal white and gray matter. Results: Perfusion values for frontal and occipital white matter as well as frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital cortex were all decreased in DAT patients. Ratios for leuko-araiosis to total brain tissue volumes were greater among patients with DAT compared with age-matched normal volunteers. White matter perfusion in zones of leuko-araiosis was decreased to a similar degree in both DAT and elderly normal volunteers. Conclusions: Perfusion is reduced to the same degree in regions of leuko-araiosis in elderly normals as in DAT patients, but the extent of leuko-araiosis is greater among DAT patients and presumably contributes to cognitive impairments. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW LAB,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD 151A,HOUSTON,TX 77030. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR NEURORADIOL SERV,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT RADIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT NEUROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 46 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP 375 EP 380 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA HM369 UT WOS:A1992HM36900012 PM 1556365 ER PT J AU ABBOUD, HE AF ABBOUD, HE TI GROWTH-FACTORS AND THE MESANGIUM SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM : FROM CELL BIOLOGY TO CLINICS CY SEP 27-28, 1991 CL FIUGGI TERME, ITALY SP INT SOC NEPHROL, ENTE FIUGGI, BAYER, MERCK SHARP & DOHME DE PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA; PROLIFERATION; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ID EXPERIMENTAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; FACTOR-BETA; FACTOR-I; CELLS; EXPRESSION; MITOGENS; CULTURE; MICE; RAT AB Growth factors are prime candidates to mediate and modulate the functions of the mesangium. Mesangial cells are effector cells producing a number of growth factors that act in an autocrine manner to regulate their own function. Mesangial cells are also targets for growth factors released from neighboring glomerular cells or infiltrating cells and platelets. Growth factors may promote hypertrophy, proliferation, matrix metabolism, and immune-inflammatory and vasoactive properties of mesangial cells. These peptides represent important mediators of mesangial cell responses to injury. Platelet-derived growth factor mediates predominantly cell proliferation, whereas transforming growth factor beta mediates mesangial cell matrix expansion. Mesangial cells may also modulate some of the hemodynamic effects of growth factors, such as the increased renal vascular resistance in response to platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor or the increased RBF and GFR in response to insulin-like growth factor-1. Changes in the expression of growth factors or their receptors during the course of glomerular injury point to a potential role in mediating some of the pathologic changes in vivo. Several agents appear to antagonize the mitogenic and perhaps other effects of growth factors in mesangial cells. Such agents include adenylate cyclase as well Os guanylate cyclase agonists. Recent studies also suggest that some traditional vasoactive agents may activate metabolic processes in mesangial cells similar to peptide growth factors. Collectively, these studies point to the interaction of both hemodynamic and metabolic factors in the response and contribution of glomerular and specifically mesangial cells to injury. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ABBOUD, HE (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED NEPHROL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 33665, DK43988] NR 36 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 2 IS 10 SU S BP S185 EP S189 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA HR857 UT WOS:A1992HR85700019 PM 1600135 ER PT J AU SHARPLESS, NE OBRIEN, WA VERDIN, E KUFTA, CV CHEN, ISY DUBOISDALCQ, M AF SHARPLESS, NE OBRIEN, WA VERDIN, E KUFTA, CV CHEN, ISY DUBOISDALCQ, M TI HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 TROPISM FOR BRAIN MICROGLIAL CELLS IS DETERMINED BY A REGION OF THE ENV-GLYCOPROTEIN THAT ALSO CONTROLS MACROPHAGE TROPISM SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CD4 ANTIGEN; HIV-1; AIDS; INFECTION; GP120; SEQUENCE; RECEPTOR; TISSUE; DOMAIN AB Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the agent of AIDS, frequently infects the central nervous system. We inoculated adult human brain cultures with chimeric viruses containing parts of the env gene of a cloned primary isolate from brain tissue, HIV-1 JRFl, inserted into the cloned DNA of a T-cell-tropic strain. A chimeric virus containing the carboxy-terminal portion of HIV-1 JRFl env did not replicate in these brain tissue cultures, while a chimera expressing an env-encoded protein containing 158 amino acids of HIV-1 JRFl gp120, including the V3 loop, replicated well in brain microglial cells, as it does in blood macrophages. Infection of brain microglial cells with such a chimera was blocked by an antibody to the V3 loop of gp120. Thus, env determinants in the region of gp120, outside the CD4-binding site and comprising the V3 loop, are critical for efficient viral binding to and/or entry into human brain microglia. C1 NINCDS,VIRAL & MOLEC PATHOGENESIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NINCDS,SURG NEUROL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,RES SCHOLARS PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. OI Verdin, Eric/0000-0003-3703-3183; Sharpless, Norman/0000-0001-7078-9455 NR 37 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 66 IS 4 BP 2588 EP 2593 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA HJ504 UT WOS:A1992HJ50400095 PM 1548785 ER PT J AU SCHILLER, JH BITTNER, G SPRIGGS, DR AF SCHILLER, JH BITTNER, G SPRIGGS, DR TI TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR, BUT NOT OTHER HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH-FACTORS, PROLONGS THE SURVIVAL OF HAIRY-CELL LEUKEMIA-CELLS SO LEUKEMIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; CYTOKINES ID EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; HUMAN B-CELLS; FACTOR-ALPHA; PROLIFERATION; DIFFERENTIATION; INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN-4; LYMPHOCYTES; MODULATION; ACTIVATION AB In order to determine the growth factor requirements of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) cells, we studied the in vitro effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, B-cell growth factor (BCGF), GM-CSF, PHA-stimulated lymphocyte-conditioned media (CM), and 5637 bladder carcinoma CM on HCL cells obtained from spleens of patients with HCL. Mononuclear cells from a normal donor, obtained at post-traumatic splenectomy, served as a control. TNF prolonged the survival of HCL cells obtained from five different HCL patients when compared to cells cultured in control media alone, although cell proliferation could be demonstrated in only two of the five. HCL cells stained negative for the Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) both before and after 4 weeks in culture. BCGF, 5637 CM, and PHA-stimulated lymphocyte CM also prolonged the survival of HC25 and HC56 cells, although not to the same degree as TNF. Cells cultured in BCGF, however, stained positive for EBNA. None of the other recombinantly produced or purified cytokines prolonged the survival of the leukemic cells. With the exception of IL-2, none of the growth factors studied prolonged the survival of purified normal spleen (NS) cells over a 4-week period of time when compared to NS cells incubated in media alone. TNF prolonged the survival of HC25 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and a highly purified antibody to TNF abrogated the effects of TNF. HC25 cells incubated in the presence of control media alone did not constitutively produce TNF mRNA; however, incubation of the cells in the presence of TNF for 48 h induced the cells to express TNF message. We conclude that TNF is important in prolonging the survival of HCL cells, and thus may be important in the pathogenesis of this disease. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP SCHILLER, JH (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,K4-666 CLIN SCI CTR,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA047722] NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0145-2126 J9 LEUKEMIA RES JI Leuk. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP 337 EP & DI 10.1016/0145-2126(92)90135-T PG 0 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA HP443 UT WOS:A1992HP44300002 PM 1564938 ER PT J AU BENMANSOUR, S TEJANIBUTT, SM HAUPTMANN, M BRUNSWICK, DJ AF BENMANSOUR, S TEJANIBUTT, SM HAUPTMANN, M BRUNSWICK, DJ TI LACK OF EFFECT OF HIGH-DOSE COCAINE ON MONOAMINE UPTAKE SITES IN RAT-BRAIN MEASURED BY QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NEUROTOXICITY; COCAINE; DOPAMINE; SEROTONIN; NOREPINEPHRINE; UPTAKE SITES ID TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; NOREPINEPHRINE UPTAKE SITES; SEROTONIN UPTAKE SITES; PARA-CHLOROAMPHETAMINE; H-3 CYANOIMIPRAMINE; FRONTAL-CORTEX; D-AMPHETAMINE; DOPAMINE; METHAMPHETAMINE; FENFLURAMINE AB There have been a number of claims that high-dose administration of cocaine to rats leads to neurotoxic effects on dopamine neurons. In this study possible neurotoxic effects on monoamine neurons were examined by measuring the effects of cocaine (35 mg/kg daily for 10 days) on the binding of radioligands to uptake sites for dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine using quantitative autoradiography. No effects of cocaine on any of the binding sites were observed and therefore, it is concluded that cocaine, unlike amphetamine derivatives which have similar pharmacologic properties, does not produce neurotoxic effects on monoamine neurons. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL UNIT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05137] NR 27 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD APR PY 1992 VL 106 IS 4 BP 459 EP 462 DI 10.1007/BF02244815 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA HF491 UT WOS:A1992HF49100005 PM 1579620 ER PT J AU KANABROCKI, EL BREMNER, WF SOTHERN, RB GRUBER, SA THIRD, JLHC BUSHNELL, DL OLWIN, JH AF KANABROCKI, EL BREMNER, WF SOTHERN, RB GRUBER, SA THIRD, JLHC BUSHNELL, DL OLWIN, JH TI A QUEST FOR THE RELIEF OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS - POTENTIAL ROLE OF INTRAPULMONARY HEPARIN - A HYPOTHESIS SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIALS; INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA; CIRCADIAN VARIATION; HEART-DISEASE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; BLOOD-COAGULATION AB Recent progress in the treatment of coronary artery disease is reviewed from the standpoint of changes in lifestyle, surgical techniques to revascularize the myocardium and a variety of medical interventions. Among the medical modalities, heparin appears to have a greater potential than any other agent tested to neutralize the atherogenic process at most of its stages. This potential is supported by success in clinical trials of heparin administered by intravenous, subcutaneous, pulmonary, sublingual and topical routes. The suggested self-administration of low-dose heparin by inhalation appears to be well justified and easily adaptable to home therapy. The summarized evidence suggests the need for further clinical trials to test the use of heparin in the prophylaxis of atherosclerotic disease. C1 CHICAGO MED SCH,DEPT INTERNAL MED,N CHICAGO,IL 60064. VASC DIS RES FDN,SKOKIE,IL 60076. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,EDWARD J HINES JR VET ADM HOSP,DEPT INTERNAL MED,HINES,IL 60141. LOYOLA UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT SURG,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,DEPT SURG,CHICAGO,IL 60612. RP KANABROCKI, EL (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,EDWARD J HINES JR VET ADM HOSP,NUCL MED SERV,HINES,IL 60141, USA. NR 176 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0033-5622 J9 Q J MED JI Q. J. Med. PD APR PY 1992 VL 83 IS 300 BP 259 EP 282 PG 24 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HY199 UT WOS:A1992HY19900001 PM 1631260 ER PT J AU WILSON, RA MCDONALD, RW BRISTOW, JD CHEITLIN, M NAUMAN, D MASSIE, B GREENBERG, B AF WILSON, RA MCDONALD, RW BRISTOW, JD CHEITLIN, M NAUMAN, D MASSIE, B GREENBERG, B TI CORRELATES OF AORTIC DISTENSIBILITY IN CHRONIC AORTIC REGURGITATION AND RELATION TO PROGRESSION TO SURGERY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION; VALVE-REPLACEMENT; NATURAL-HISTORY; THORACIC AORTA; AGE; INSUFFICIENCY; HYPERTENSION; VALIDATION; STIFFNESS; EXERCISE AB Aortic distensibility decreases with increasing age. Patients with chronic aortic regurgitation eject a large stroke volume into the proximal aorta. A decrease in distensibility of the aorta may impose a higher afterload on the left ventricle and may contribute to deterioration of left ventricular function over time. Accordingly, aortic distensibility was measured in 33 patients aged 13 to 73 years who had chronic isolated aortic regurgitation with minimal or no symptoms. Ascending aortic diameter was measured 4 cm above the aortic valve by two-dimensional echocardiography and pulse pressure was measured simultaneously by sphygmomanometry. Aortic distensibility was calculated as (Change in aortic diameter between systole and diastole/End-diastolic diameter)/Pulse pressure. Left ventricular systolic wall stress and mass were derived from standard M-mode echocardiographic measurements. Left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction were measured by radionuclide ventriculography. Aortic distensibility decreased logarithmically with increasing age (r = -0.62, p < 0.001) and also correlated inversely with systolic wall stress, left ventricular mass and end-diastolic volume. Patients who eventually underwent aortic valve replacement for symptoms of left ventricular dysfunction had significantly lower aortic distensibility than did those who did not yet require valve replacement: 0.09 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.22 +/- 0.19 x 1/100 (1/mm Hg) (p < 0.05). Thus, the reduced aortic distensibility that occurs with increasing age may contribute to the gradual left ventricular dilation and dysfunction seen in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation. C1 SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94110. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP WILSON, RA (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,3181 SW SAM JACKSON PK RD,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-28146, HL-07192]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM07546] NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 15 PY 1992 VL 19 IS 4 BP 733 EP 738 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HJ636 UT WOS:A1992HJ63600002 PM 1545067 ER PT J AU TAKAHASHI, LK TURNER, JG KALIN, NH AF TAKAHASHI, LK TURNER, JG KALIN, NH TI PRENATAL STRESS ALTERS BRAIN CATECHOLAMINERGIC ACTIVITY AND POTENTIATES STRESS-INDUCED BEHAVIOR IN ADULT-RATS SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PRENATAL STRESS; HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL SYSTEM; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN; CORTICOSTERONE; CATECHOLAMINE; NOREPINEPHRINE; DOPAMINE; DEFENSIVE FREEZING; STRESS ID LOCUS COERULEUS; EXPLORATORY-BEHAVIOR; ULTRASONIC VOCALIZATIONS; CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS; TEGMENTAL-A10 REGION; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; NORADRENALINE; DOPAMINE; NOREPINEPHRINE; CORTICOTROPIN AB Previous studies demonstrated that throughout the preweaning period prenatally stressed rats have an overactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system. This increased HPA activity was accompanied by an increase in defensive behavior. This study examined whether these alterations in HPA activity and defensive behavior continued into adulthood. Brain catecholamines in the cerebral cortex and locus coeruleus were also measured in prenatally stressed and control rats. Shock-induced levels of defensive freezing were significantly higher in prenatally stressed rats than in controls. However, plasma ACTH and corticosterone concentrations did not differ between groups either in the basal state or after exposure to foot shock. Concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) in the cerebral cortex and locus coeruleus region were significantly reduced in prenatally stressed rats. In addition, concentrations of NE metabolites were significantly elevated in prenatally stressed rats, suggesting an increased turnover of brain NE. Prenatally stressed rats also had, in the locus coeruleus region, significantly reduced dopamine (DA) levels but elevated concentration of DA metabolites. Results indicate that prenatal stress produces an increased behavioral responsiveness to stress that is evident in early life and continues into adulthood. The early hyperactivity of the HPA system in prenatally stressed rats, however, appears to normalize in adulthood. The increased turnover in brain catecholamines measure in the cerebral cortex and locus coeruleus region of prenatally stressed rats may be associated with the heightened expression of stress-induced behavior. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. RP TAKAHASHI, LK (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT, 600 HIGHLAND AVE, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-43986] NR 50 TC 180 Z9 185 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAR 6 PY 1992 VL 574 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90809-N PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA HK089 UT WOS:A1992HK08900018 PM 1322219 ER PT J AU BLISS, DZ GUENTER, PA SETTLE, RG AF BLISS, DZ GUENTER, PA SETTLE, RG TI DEFINING AND REPORTING DIARRHEA IN TUBE-FED PATIENTS - WHAT A MESS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE TUBE-FEEDING DIARRHEA; DIARRHEA DEFINITIONS; REPORTING THE EXTENT OF DIARRHEA ID CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; FECAL BULKING AGENT; ENTERAL NUTRITION; ELEMENTAL DIET; BURN PATIENTS; FEEDING FORMULAS; BOWEL FUNCTION; TOLERANCE; CONTAMINATION; SUPPORT AB The frequency and consistency of stools of all patients at a VA Medical Center who were tube-fed during a 3-mo period were recorded prospectively and analyzed in terms of eight definitions of diarrhea derived from the literature. The extent of diarrhea, reported. as incidence and as percentage of days with diarrhea, was used to determine differences among the definitions. The relationship between extent of diarrhea and duration of monitoring patients was also determined. Results of 29 patients monitored for 13.0 d (6.5 d) [median (interquartile range)] indicated that the definition of diarrhea significantly influenced the reported incidence of and percentage of days with diarrhea. Duration of monitoring showed a significant, positive relationship to the incidence of diarrhea (ie, the longer the duration, the more likely that diarrhea was observed). When diarrhea was reported as the percentage of days with diarrhea, the influence of monitoring duration virtually disappeared. C1 PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,SCH NURSING,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. GRAD HOSP PHILADELPHIA,DEPT OTORHINOLARYNGOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19146. NR 47 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 55 IS 3 BP 753 EP 759 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA HG351 UT WOS:A1992HG35100024 PM 1550053 ER PT J AU DENEKE, SM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG AF DENEKE, SM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG TI ENDOTHELIAL-CELL CYSTINE UPTAKE AND GLUTATHIONE INCREASE WITH N,N-BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL)-N-NITROSOUREA EXPOSURE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AMINO ACID TRANSPORT; PULMONARY ENDOTHELIUM; ANTIOXIDANTS; GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE ID HUMAN-DIPLOID FIBROBLASTS; GLUTAMIC-ACID UPTAKE; TRANSPORT ACTIVITY; DIETHYL MALEATE; ELECTROPHILIC AGENTS; RAT HEPATOCYTES; HYPEROXIA; CULTURE; INDUCTION; ENHANCEMENT AB Glutathione (gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycine, GSH) is an important cellular antioxidant. In typical cultured cell preparations GSH synthesis is limited by the availability of intracellular cysteine. Because extracellular cystine is the chief source of intracellular cysteine in cultured cells, increasing cystine transport can result in increased intracellular GSH. Depletion of GSH or exposure to oxidants has been shown to stimulate cystine transport in bovine pulmonary endothelial cells and other cell types. BCNU [N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea] is a potent inhibitor of glutathione reductase (GSSG-Red). We examined the effects of BCNU on cystine uptake by bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC). We hypothesized that blocking GSSG-Red could result in increased cellular uptake of cystine to replenish decreases in GSH caused by oxidation. Levels of BCNU between 0.005 and 0.05 mM added to the cell culture medium inhibited GSSG-Red at 2, 4, and 24 h after addition. BCNU treatment resulted in concentration-dependent increases in both cystine uptake and GSH levels after 24 h of exposure. The increases in uptake were specific for cystine and glutamate and were sodium independent, suggesting induction of a x(c)--like transport system. No intracellular accumulation of GSSG was measured nor was any significant depletion of GSH noted at any time of BCNU exposure. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY VET AFFAIRS HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP DENEKE, SM (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV PULM,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-32824] NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 262 IS 3 BP L301 EP L304 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA HK362 UT WOS:A1992HK36200089 PM 1550253 ER PT J AU LESSER, M PADILLA, ML CARDOZO, C AF LESSER, M PADILLA, ML CARDOZO, C TI INDUCTION OF EMPHYSEMA IN HAMSTERS BY INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION OF CATHEPSIN-B SO AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; ELASTOLYTIC ACTIVITY; ALPHA-1-PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; CIGARETTE SMOKERS; HUMAN NEUTROPHIL; ELASTASE; DEGRADATION; PROTEINASE AB Current theories of pathogenesis suggest that pulmonary emphysema develops in humans because of progressive loss or derangement of lung elastin through a process mediated by elastolytic enzymes released by inflammatory cells. Neutrophils are considered primary etiologic factors because these cells produce and release two potent serine proteinases that cause emphysema when instilled into the lungs of animals. It has been suggested that alveolar macrophages also contribute to the development of emphysema through production of several enzymes with elastolytic activity, including the lysosomal cysteine proteinases cathepsin B and cathepsin L, but this has not been verified experimentally. In the current study, we instilled 115-mu-g of active cathepsin B into the lungs of hamsters three times at 48-h intervals. After 6 wk microscopic evaluation revealed that lung sections of five of seven animals given cathepsin B contained focal areas of enlarged and distorted alveoli, in the absence of fibrosis, which were similar to changes seen in the lungs of animals given papain intratracheally. Morphometrically, mean linear intercept (mu-m) values were significantly higher (p < 0.025) in animals given cathepsin B (204.4 +/- 20.8) as compared with control animals (173.2 +/- 7.8), and internal surface area (sqcm) values were significantly lower (935 +/- 120 versus 1,083 +/- 56 in control animals), thereby confirming that airspace enlargement had developed after instillation of the enzyme. Lung volumes (ml) and compliance (ml/cm H2O) were not significantly higher in animals given cathepsin B. The current findings, along with additional observations that the number of alveolar macrophages are increased in the lungs of cigarette smokers and that the cells contain higher levels of cathepsin B, suggest that alveolar macrophages may participate in the development of emphysema and that cysteine proteinases contained within these cells could exert elastolytic activity thereby contributing to the process. C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,DEPT MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP LESSER, M (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PULM SECT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 49 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 0003-0805 J9 AM REV RESPIR DIS JI Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 145 IS 3 BP 661 EP 668 PG 8 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA HH281 UT WOS:A1992HH28100030 PM 1546848 ER PT J AU BAETHGE, BA LIDSKY, MD GOLDBERG, JW AF BAETHGE, BA LIDSKY, MD GOLDBERG, JW TI A STUDY OF ADVERSE-EFFECTS OF HIGH-DOSE INTRAVENOUS (PULSE) METHYLPREDNISOLONE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASE SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; METHYL PREDNISOLONE; UNPROVED THERAPY; ARTHRITIS; TRIAL AB OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of significant adverse effects associated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone therapy (HIVMP) given as methylprednisolone 1 g/d for three consecutive days. DESIGN: Retrospective study of consecutive patients. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), university teaching hospital, and private outpatient clinic. PATIENTS: Eighty-four patients given HIVMP for systemic rheumatic disease. MEASUREMENTS: Subjective complaints were elicited via a standardized questionnaire that identified adverse effects through organ system review. Medical records were reviewed for adverse effects occurring within two weeks of HIVMP therapy. RESULTS: Two hundred seventy-five HIVMP treatments were examined by either patient questionnaire (76 patients) and/or chart review (78 patients). Sixty-five patients described symptoms after HIVMP treatment. Most symptoms were transient in duration, mild in severity, and required no medical treatment. Chart review found 42 possible complications occurring within two weeks of HIVMP therapy. In 18 instances medical intervention was required for problems that included hypertension, seizures, gastric erosions, sepsis, and other infections. It is impossible to attribute all of the complications to HIVMP alone because of underlying disease, use of other medications at the time of therapy, or both. CONCLUSIONS: HIVMP has an acceptably low risk of significant adverse effects. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,RHEUMATOL SECT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. MARSHFIELD CLIN FDN MED RES & EDUC,MED,MARSHFIELD,WI 54449. RP BAETHGE, BA (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,CTR EXCELLENCE ARTHRIT & RHEUMATOL,POB 33932,SHREVEPORT,LA 71130, USA. NR 21 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 26 IS 3 BP 316 EP 320 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HJ266 UT WOS:A1992HJ26600001 PM 1554949 ER PT J AU HERRERA, CR MOSS, JT REVES, RR BUFFLER, PA AF HERRERA, CR MOSS, JT REVES, RR BUFFLER, PA TI FEASIBILITY STUDY OF SURVEYING THE ADVERSE DRUG REACTION SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS IN A LARGE COMMUNITY OF HOSPITALS SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PROGRAM; PHARMACIST AB OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility of accurately assessing the types of hospital adverse drug reaction (ADR) surveillance systems. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey by mailed, self-administered questionnaire followed by selected verification interviews. SETTING: Harris County, Texas. PARTICIPANTS: All hospitals in the county with different pharmacy directors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Self description of surveillance system and number of ADRs reported. RESULTS: Forty-nine of 61 hospitals (80 percent) responded to a questionnaire. Forty-seven (96 percent) of the responding hospitals collected information on ADRs with 11 (22 percent) describing their surveillance system as active. Those individuals most often cited as responsible for ADR surveillance included pharmacists, quality assurance personnel, and nurses. Data were verified by personal interviews for 10 hospitals. The number of ADRs reported during the interviews was significantly lower than that reported in the questionnaires. Overall, the reporting of fatal and severe ADRs were more reliable than the reporting of moderate ADRs. These differences were the result of inadequate documentation and the lack of a uniform definition of ADRs. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that a large-scale ongoing survey of surveillance systems and reported adverse event rates has limitations and the reliability of data derived from a questionnaire should be verified. To improve the accuracy of surveys used to monitor hospital ADR surveillance systems, it is essential to develop reliable definitions for classifying ADRs and surveillance methods, as well as accurate measures of ADR documentation procedures. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHARM SERV,DRUG UTILIZAT & INFORMAT ANAL SECT,HOUSTON,TX. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SCH PUBL HLTH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HERRERA, CR (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,MSB 1122,643 FANNIN,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 26 IS 3 BP 384 EP 391 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HJ266 UT WOS:A1992HJ26600016 PM 1554961 ER PT J AU WALLACE, JE HARRIS, SC GALLEGOS, J FOULDS, G CHEN, TJH RINALDI, MG AF WALLACE, JE HARRIS, SC GALLEGOS, J FOULDS, G CHEN, TJH RINALDI, MG TI ASSAY OF FLUCONAZOLE BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH A MIXED-PHASE COLUMN SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HUMANS AB A mixed-phase liquid chromatographic column was used to assay fluconazole in plasma, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid. The assay was linear from 0.2 to 20-mu-g/ml, with an average coefficient of variation of less than 5%. The partitioning of the drug between serum and cerebrospinal fluid was determined for 34 patients. The method was demonstrated to be suitable for both pharmacokinetic studies and monitoring of patients receiving treatment with this antifungal agent. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LAB SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. PRECIS ANALYT LABS INC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78216. PFIZER INC,CENT RES,DEPT DRUG METAB,GROTON,CT 06340. RP WALLACE, JE (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 8 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 36 IS 3 BP 603 EP 606 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HH283 UT WOS:A1992HH28300015 PM 1622169 ER PT J AU BERRY, AJ RINALDI, MG GRAYBILL, JR AF BERRY, AJ RINALDI, MG GRAYBILL, JR TI USE OF HIGH-DOSE FLUCONAZOLE AS SALVAGE THERAPY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS IN PATIENTS WITH AIDS SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Note ID ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME AB Eight patients with AIDS were treated orally with 800 mg of fluconazole daily for cryptococcal meningitis for a mean duration of 4.5 months. Previous antifungal treatment had failed for all of the patients. No major toxicity was observed. Three patients died from cryptococcal infection. High-dose fluconazole may be effective salvage therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP BERRY, AJ (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 12 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 36 IS 3 BP 690 EP 692 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HH283 UT WOS:A1992HH28300036 PM 1622188 ER PT J AU FLETCHER, EC DONNER, CF MIDGREN, B ZIELINSKI, J LEVIVALENSI, P BRAGHIROLI, A RIDA, Z MILLER, CC AF FLETCHER, EC DONNER, CF MIDGREN, B ZIELINSKI, J LEVIVALENSI, P BRAGHIROLI, A RIDA, Z MILLER, CC TI SURVIVAL IN COPD PATIENTS WITH A DAYTIME PAO2-GREATER-THAN-60 MM HG WITH AND WITHOUT NOCTURNAL OXYHEMOGLOBIN DESATURATION SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; LONG-TERM OXYGEN; SLEEP; THERAPY AB There have been few studies examining the relationship between NOD and mortality in patients with COPD and none examining this relationship in those patients with a daytime PaO2 > 60 mm Hg. Is NOD related to early death, and if so, should nocturnal supplemental oxygen be considered as therapy for altering survival? We examined survival in 169 COPD subjects. Two definitions were used to classify subjects as NOD and non-NOD, one considering episodic desaturation associated mainly with REM sleep (definition 1) and one considering > 30 percent of time in bed spent below an SaO2 of 90 percent (definition 2) to be significant. Survival corrected for age was significantly better in non-NOD subjects. However, when stratified for supplemental oxygen use, survival remained better only in subjects separated by definition 1. There was a trend toward increased survival in 35 oxygen-treated vs 38 non-oxygen-treated NOD subjects (definition 1), but this difference was not statistically significant. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP FLETCHER, EC (reprint author), HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,PULM DIS SECT,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 20 TC 108 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 1992 VL 101 IS 3 BP 649 EP 655 DI 10.1378/chest.101.3.649 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA HG784 UT WOS:A1992HG78400016 PM 1541127 ER PT J AU FLESCHER, E BOWLIN, TL TALAL, N AF FLESCHER, E BOWLIN, TL TALAL, N TI REGULATION OF IL-2 PRODUCTION BY MONONUCLEAR-CELLS FROM RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS SYNOVIAL-FLUIDS SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IL-2; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; POLYAMINES ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; INTERLEUKIN-2; POLYAMINES; RESPONSES; OXIDATION; GROWTH AB Products of polyamine oxidation down-regulate IL-2 production by peripheral blood T cells. We show here that the production of IL-2 by rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid mononuclear cells is inversely correlated with the concentrations of polyamines in these cells. In addition. the inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis or oxidation in cultures of these cells enhances their ability to produce IL-2. Our findings suggest that polyamine oxidation plays an important role in the suppression of T cell function characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluids. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. MARION MERRELL DOW RES INST,CINCINNATI,OH. RP FLESCHER, E (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE09311-01] NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 87 IS 3 BP 435 EP 437 PG 3 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HG588 UT WOS:A1992HG58800018 PM 1544227 ER PT J AU DEKEYSER, F HOCH, SO TAKEI, M DANG, H DEKEYSER, H ROKEACH, LA TALAL, N AF DEKEYSER, F HOCH, SO TAKEI, M DANG, H DEKEYSER, H ROKEACH, LA TALAL, N TI CROSS-REACTIVITY OF THE B/B'-SUBUNIT OF THE SM RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN AUTOANTIGEN WITH PROLINE-RICH POLYPEPTIDES SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ANTI-SM; PEPTIDE ANTIGENS; AUTO-ANTIGEN; PROTEINS; ANTIBODIES; EPITOPE; CDNA; AUTOANTIBODIES; U1 C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN IMMUNOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AGOURON INST,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. FU FIC NIH HHS [FO5 TWD4264-01-BI-5]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI21083]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-09311] NR 37 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 62 IS 3 BP 285 EP 290 DI 10.1016/0090-1229(92)90104-V PG 6 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA HH787 UT WOS:A1992HH78700006 PM 1371727 ER PT J AU RINALDI, MG AF RINALDI, MG TI LABORATORY EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS - A BRIEF OVERVIEW SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SUSCEPTIBILITY AB The increasing incidence and significance of human mycotic diseases has prompted concurrent interest in the development and evaluation of antifungal drugs. There has never been a period in medicine when the number of antimycotic agents, either commercially available or undergoing clinical investigation, is as great as at present. An integral part of new antimicrobial development is the laboratory evaluation, both in vivo and in vitro, of such agents. Each of these aspects of laboratory testing offers distinct limitations and advantages; however, such evaluation is critical for continued success in the quest for nontoxic, inexpensive, and efficacious antifungal agents. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MYCOL REFERENCE LAB,LAB SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP RINALDI, MG (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,FUNGUS TESTING LAB,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 14 SU 1 BP S130 EP S133 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA HF382 UT WOS:A1992HF38200019 PM 1562685 ER PT J AU HARDIN, TC DIPIRO, JT AF HARDIN, TC DIPIRO, JT TI WHO SHOULD RECEIVE ANTIENDOTOXIN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY THERAPY SO CLINICAL PHARMACY LA English DT Editorial Material RP HARDIN, TC (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0278-2677 J9 CLIN PHARMACY PD MAR PY 1992 VL 11 IS 3 BP 255 EP 256 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HF678 UT WOS:A1992HF67800005 PM 1611815 ER PT J AU HUDSON, AP MCENTEE, CM REACHER, M WHITTUMHUDSON, JA TAYLOR, HR AF HUDSON, AP MCENTEE, CM REACHER, M WHITTUMHUDSON, JA TAYLOR, HR TI INAPPARENT OCULAR INFECTION BY CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND HUMAN TRACHOMA SO CURRENT EYE RESEARCH LA English DT Note ID ANIMAL-MODEL AB There is substantial indirect evidence which suggests that Chlamydia trachomatis can generate inapparent, persistent infections in human. To confirm this directly, we examined ocular chlamydial infection in both the cynomolgus monkey model of trachoma and in patient samples from a trachoma-endemic area. In monkeys, ocular infection was studied over time using direct immunofluorescence cytology (DFA) and a molecular hybridization screening system which targets chlamydial ribosomal RNA. In eleven animals infected once with B serovar, DFA and probe screening of parallel conjunctival swabs gave congruent results through day 42 post-infection. Thereafter, DFA showed clearing of chlamydia and was negative by day 70, as in previous studies. In contrast, hybridization analysis indicated a continuing presence of chlamydial RNA in all samples from all animals through the end of the experiment at day 84 post-infection. Similarly, analysis of swabs from trachoma patients showed that a number of DFA-negative samples gave clear positive signal for chlamydial RNA. Taken together these data indicate that ocular chlamydial infection persists for longer periods than previously thought, judging solely on the basis of DFA, and they support the idea that inapparent ocular chlamydial infection occurs in vivo. C1 MED COLL PENN,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP HUDSON, AP (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. OI Taylor, Hugh/0000-0002-9437-784X FU NEI NIH HHS [EYO3240] NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0271-3683 J9 CURR EYE RES JI Curr. Eye Res. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 11 IS 3 BP 279 EP 283 DI 10.3109/02713689209001780 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA HQ148 UT WOS:A1992HQ14800011 PM 1375138 ER PT J AU CANTWELL, R MCENTEE, CM HUDSON, AP AF CANTWELL, R MCENTEE, CM HUDSON, AP TI REGULATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL TRANSCRIPTION DURING THE STRINGENT RESPONSE IN YEAST SO CURRENT GENETICS LA English DT Article DE YEAST; TRANSCRIPTION; MITOCHONDRIA; RNA ID LARGE RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; INVITRO TRANSCRIPTION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POLYMERASE; PROMOTER; GENE; GENOME; DNA AB In yeast (S. cerevisiae) the stringent response is known to include rapid, selective, and severe transcriptional curtailment for genes specifying cytoplasmic rRNAs and r-proteins. We have shown that transcription of the mitochondrial 21S rRNA gene is also congruently and selectively curtailed during the yeast stringent response. Using an in vitro transcription assay with intact organelles from both rho+ and rho--strains, we show here that the mitochondrial stringent response includes not only transcription of the 21S and 16S rRNA genes, but also that of organellar genes specifying non-mitoribosome-related products. Stringent organellar transcriptional curtailment is identical when cells are starved for a required (marker) amino acid or when they are subjected to nutritional downshift, and the relative level of that transcriptional curtailment following either perturbation is the same in cells growing on fermentative (repressing) or purely respiratory carbon sources. These results confirm that the mechanism governing mitochondrial gene expression during a stringent response is specified outside the organelle, and they show that this transcriptional control mechanism is not immediately subject to glucose repression. In all strains examined, stringent organellar gene expression requires a mitochondrial promoter, suggesting that the regulatory mechanism which functions during the stringent response operates primarily at transcriptional initiation. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. MED COLL PENN,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0172-8083 J9 CURR GENET JI Curr. Genet. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 21 IS 3 BP 241 EP 247 DI 10.1007/BF00336848 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA HJ475 UT WOS:A1992HJ47500011 PM 1563050 ER PT J AU DEFRONZO, RA BONADONNA, RC FERRANNINI, E AF DEFRONZO, RA BONADONNA, RC FERRANNINI, E TI PATHOGENESIS OF NIDDM - A BALANCED OVERVIEW SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Review ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; HEPATIC GLUCOSE-PRODUCTION; INSULIN-RECEPTOR GENE; ISLET-AMYLOID POLYPEPTIDE; MUSCLE GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; FREE FATTY-ACID; CONTINUOUS INDIRECT CALORIMETRY; PRIMARY CULTURED ADIPOCYTES; CHRONIC GLYBURIDE THERAPY AB Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) results from an imbalance between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Both longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that the earliest detectable abnormality in NIDDM is an impairment in the body's ability to respond to insulin. Because the pancreas is able to appropriately augment its secretion of insulin to offset the insulin resistance, glucose tolerance remains normal. With time, however, the beta-cell fails to maintain its high rate of insulin secretion and the relative insulinopenia (i.e., relative to the degree of insulin resistance) leads to the development of impaired glucose tolerance and eventually overt diabetes mellitus. The cause of pancreatic "exhaustion" remains unknown but may be related to the effect of glucose toxicity in a genetically predisposed beta-cell. Information concerning the loss of first-phase insulin secretion, altered pulsatility of insulin release, and enhanced proinsulin-insulin secretory ratio is discussed as it pertains to altered beta-cell function in NIDDM. Insulin resistance in NIDDM involves both hepatic and peripheral, muscle, tissues. In the postabsorptive state hepatic glucose output is normal or increased, despite the presence of fasting hyperinsulinemia, whereas the efficiency of tissue glucose uptake is reduced. In response to both endogenously secreted or exogenously administered insulin, hepatic glucose production fails to suppress normally and muscle glucose uptake is diminished. The accelerated rate of hepatic glucose output is due entirely to augmented gluconeogenesis. In muscle many. cellular defects in insulin action have been described including impaired insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase activity, diminished glucose transport, and reduced glycogen synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase. The abnormalities account for disturbances in the two major intracellular pathways of glucose disposal, glycogen synthesis, and glucose oxidation. In the earliest stages of NIDDM, the major defect involves the inability of insulin to promote glucose uptake and storage as glycogen. Other potential mechanisms that have been put forward to explain the insulin resistance, include increased lipid oxidation, altered skeletal muscle capillary density/fiber type/blood flow, impaired insulin transport across the vascular endothelium, increased amylin, calcitonin gene-related peptide levels, and glucose toxicity. C1 CNR,INST PHYSIOL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP DEFRONZO, RA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV DIABET,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 432 TC 1645 Z9 1668 U1 5 U2 77 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAR PY 1992 VL 15 IS 3 BP 318 EP 368 DI 10.2337/diacare.15.3.318 PG 51 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HF323 UT WOS:A1992HF32300002 PM 1532777 ER PT J AU MAGEE, DM SMITH, JG BLEICKER, CA CARTER, CJ BONEWALD, LF SCHACHTER, J WILLIAMS, DM AF MAGEE, DM SMITH, JG BLEICKER, CA CARTER, CJ BONEWALD, LF SCHACHTER, J WILLIAMS, DM TI CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS PNEUMONIA INDUCES INVIVO PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKIN-1 AND INTERLEUKIN-6 SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; T-CELL ACTIVATION; BACTERIAL-INFECTION; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-1; IL-6; PATHOGENESIS; RESISTANCE; CYTOKINES; FIBROBLASTS; MOUSE AB Cytokine induction during Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia may alter the pathogenesis or course of disease. We examined interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 production by measuring mRNA and bioactivity in murine lungs. mRNA and bioactivity for IL-1-alpha, IL-1-beta, and IL-6 increased after Chlamydia infection. These cytokines may be important in regulating host defenses against C. trachomatis. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT LAB MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP MAGEE, DM (reprint author), SAN ANTONIO STATE CHEST HOSP,DEPT RES IMMUNOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78223, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 22380] NR 39 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 60 IS 3 BP 1217 EP 1220 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HH195 UT WOS:A1992HH19500071 PM 1541536 ER PT J AU JACKSON, RM RUSSELL, WJ VEAL, CF AF JACKSON, RM RUSSELL, WJ VEAL, CF TI ENDOGENOUS AND EXOGENOUS CATALASE IN REOXYGENATION LUNG INJURY SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE REEXPANSION PULMONARY EDEMA; OXIDANT LUNG INJURY; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; LUNG TISSUE HYPOXIA ID PERFUSED RAT-LIVER; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PULMONARY-EDEMA; METABOLISM; HYPOXIA; OXYGEN; NEUTROPHILS; GENERATION AB Reexpansion pulmonary edema parallels reperfusion (reoxygenation) injuries in other organs in that hypoxic and hypoperfused lung tissue develops increased vascular permeability and neutrophil infiltration after reexpansion. This study investigated endogenous lung catalase activity and H2O2 production during hypoxia (produced by lung collapse) and after reoxygenation (resulting from reexpansion), in addition to assessing the effects of exogenous catalase infusion on the development of unilateral pulmonary edema after reexpansion. Lung collapse resulted in a progressive increase in endogenous catalase activity after 3 (14%) and 7 days (23%), while activities in contralateral left lungs did not change (normal left lungs averaged 180 +/- 11 units/mg DNA). Tissue from control left lungs released H2O2 into the extracellular medium at a rate calculated to be 242 +/- 34 nmol.h-1.lung-1. No significant change in extracellular release of H2O2 occurred after 7 days of right lung collapse. However, after reexpansion of the previously collapsed right lungs for 2 h, H2O2 release from both reexpanded right and contralateral left lungs significantly increased (88 and 60%, respectively) compared with controls. Infusion of exogenous catalase significantly increased plasma and lung catalase activities. Exogenous catalase infusion prevented neither the increase in lung permeability nor the infiltration with neutrophils that typically occurs in reexpanded lungs. These data indicate that lung hypoxia/reoxygenation, induced by sequential collapse and reexpansion, has specific effects on endogenous lung catalase activity and H2O2 release. However, exogenous catalase does not prevent reexpansion pulmonary edema, eliminating extracellular (but not intracellular) H2O2 as an important mediator of unilateral lung injury in this model. C1 BIRMINGHAM VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35233. RP JACKSON, RM (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT MED,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,RM 323 LYONS HARRISON RES BLDG,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-39147] NR 32 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 72 IS 3 BP 858 EP 864 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA HK063 UT WOS:A1992HK06300007 PM 1568981 ER PT J AU MEZZANOTTE, WS TANGEL, DJ WHITE, DP AF MEZZANOTTE, WS TANGEL, DJ WHITE, DP TI MECHANISMS OF CONTROL OF ALAE NASI MUSCLE-ACTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; NASAL AIRWAY ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; AIRWAY PRESSURE CHANGES; RESPIRATORY ACTIVITY; STRETCH RECEPTORS; GENIOGLOSSUS; ACTIVATION; HUMANS; RESISTANCE; RESPONSES; HYPERCAPNIA AB Human upper airway dilator muscles are clearly influenced by chemical stimuli such as hypoxia and hypercapnia. Whether in humans there are upper airway receptors capable of modifying the activity of such muscles is unclear. We studied alae nasi electromyography (EMG) in normal men in an attempt to determine 1) whether increasing negative intraluminal pressure influences the activity of the alae nasi muscle, 2) whether nasal airway feedback mechanisms modify the activity of this muscle, and 3) if so, whether these receptor mechanisms are responding to mucosal temperature/pressure changes or to airway deformation. Alae nasi EMG was recorded in 10 normal men under the following conditions: 1) nasal breathing (all potential nasal receptors exposed), 2) oral breathing (nasal receptors not exposed), 3) nasal breathing with splints (airway deformation prevented), and 4) nasal breathing after nasal anesthesia (mucosal receptors anesthetized). In addition, in a separate group, the combined effects of anesthesia and nasal splints were assessed. Under each condition, EMG activity was monitored during basal breathing, progressive hypercapnia, and inspiratory resistive loading. Under all four conditions, both load and hypercapnia produced a significant increase in alae nasi EMG, with hypercapnia producing a similar increment in EMG regardless of nasal receptor exposure. On the other hand, loading produced greater increments in EMG during nasal than during oral breathing, with combined anesthesia plus splinting producing a load response similar to that observed during oral respiration. These observations suggest that nasal airway receptors have little effect on the alae nasi response to hypercapnia but appear to mediate the alae nasi response to loading or negative airway pressure. In addition, both mucosal receptors and receptors sensitive to airway collapse or deformation appear to be present in the nose. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER,CO 80262. RP MEZZANOTTE, WS (reprint author), DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NATL JEWISH CTR,DIV PULM,1055 CLERMONT ST,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-07085] NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 72 IS 3 BP 925 EP 933 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA HK063 UT WOS:A1992HK06300017 PM 1568988 ER PT J AU LAWRENCE, VA TUGWELL, P GAFNI, A KOSUWON, W SPITZER, WO AF LAWRENCE, VA TUGWELL, P GAFNI, A KOSUWON, W SPITZER, WO TI ACUTE LOW-BACK-PAIN AND ECONOMICS OF THERAPY - THE ITERATIVE LOOP APPROACH SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACUTE NONSPECIFIC LOW-BACK PAIN; MEASUREMENT ITERATIVE LOOP; COMMUNITY HEALTH PERSPECTIVE; ECONOMIC EVALUATION ID DOUBLE-BLIND; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; CONSERVATIVE THERAPY; SPINAL MANIPULATION; FAMILY-PRACTICE; UNITED-STATES; MEDICAL-CARE; LUMBAR SPINE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB We use the measurement iterative loop as a conceptual framework to examine the economics of common therapies for acute non-specific low back pain. The measurement iterative loop systematically assesses the interlocking facets of an illness from the community health perspective, including quantifying burden of illness, etiology, assessment of therapeutic effectiveness, and economic evaluation of therapies. The iterative loop reveals that: (1) burden of illness, although known to be substantial, is so far inaccurately measured, (2) little is known about such factors as provider and patient compliance: and (3) the economics of therapy can guide us in this time of clinical uncertainty when no therapy appears clearly superior. For therapies with at least some support from randomized controlled trials, bedrest appears to be economically superior. Besides burden of illness, compliance, and current therapies, future research should address such "therapeutic" options as early return to work and patient self-management. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,HAMILTON L8S 4L8,ONTARIO,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,MONTREAL H3A 2T5,QUEBEC,CANADA. RP LAWRENCE, VA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GEN MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. OI Tugwell, Peter/0000-0001-5062-0556 NR 67 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 45 IS 3 BP 301 EP 311 DI 10.1016/0895-4356(92)90091-Z PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HR885 UT WOS:A1992HR88500013 PM 1533245 ER PT J AU TAKAHASHI, LK AF TAKAHASHI, LK TI DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION OF DEFENSIVE RESPONSES DURING EXPOSURE TO CONSPECIFIC ADULTS IN PREWEANLING RATS (RATTUS-NORVEGICUS) SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFANT RHESUS-MONKEYS; MATERNAL AGGRESSION; HORMONAL RESPONSES; 2-WEEK-OLD RATS; SMALL RODENTS; SEPARATION; ULTRASOUNDS; BEHAVIOR; STRESS; MICE AB I examined preweanling rats' (Rattus norvegicus) expression of ultrasounds and secretion of ACTH when exposed to unfamiliar adult male rats or to their mothers. Pups at 7 days of age produced similar levels of ultrasonic vocalization near both unfamiliar males and mothers. However, these pups could discriminate familiar from unfamiliar adults because ACTH was significantly higher in pups near adult males than in those near mothers. At 14 days of age, pups avoided adult males but not their mothers; therefore, adult males represented a significant threat. Importantly, 14-day-old rats significantly reduced ultrasound production only when near adult males. Pups at 21 days of age no longer emitted ultrasounds when socially isolated or when near conspecific adults. In addition, 14- and 21-day-old rats produced similar elevated ACTH levels across stimulus conditions. Results show significant changes in preweanling rats' responses to conspecific adults. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP TAKAHASHI, LK (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-43986] NR 49 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0735-7036 J9 J COMP PSYCHOL JI J. Comp. Psychol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 106 IS 1 BP 69 EP 77 DI 10.1037//0735-7036.106.1.69 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Zoology GA HF269 UT WOS:A1992HF26900008 PM 1313347 ER PT J AU LAVIZZOMOUREY, RJ SIEGLER, EL AF LAVIZZOMOUREY, RJ SIEGLER, EL TI HEARING IMPAIRMENT IN THE ELDERLY SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review RP LAVIZZOMOUREY, RJ (reprint author), PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. OI Siegler, Eugenia/0000-0001-9449-5873 FU NIA NIH HHS [K08AG0036304] NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 7 IS 2 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.1007/BF02598012 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA HJ343 UT WOS:A1992HJ34300011 PM 1487768 ER PT J AU NANNEY, LB YATES, RA KING, LE AF NANNEY, LB YATES, RA KING, LE TI MODULATION OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTORS IN PSORIATIC LESIONS DURING TREATMENT WITH TOPICAL EGF SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; FACTOR-ALPHA; FACTOR BINDING; LOCALIZATION; KERATINOCYTES; ACROCHORDONS; EXPRESSION; CELLS AB Active psoriatic lesions have increased EGF/TGF-alpha receptors, historically known as the EGF-R. This increase is due to their persistence into the outer parakeratotic layers as measured by autoradiography, immunohistochemistry, and mRNA assays. When psoriatic lesions in patients resolve due to therapy with different modalities, the EGF-R persistently expressed in the outer layers of the epidermis either disappear or resume a basal location presumably due to receptor downregulation. To test whether EGF could downregulate EGF-R and biologically affect psoriatic epidermis, split-thickness skin grafts of active psoriatic lesions were sutured onto the dorsal surface of nude mice. After 3 weeks, the mice were treated daily for a 6-week period with placebo, or 10 or 50-mu-g/ml EGF. Immunostaining showed persistent EGF-R in all epidermal layers in the untreated, placebo-, and 10-mu-g/ml EGF-treated groups. Those grafts receiving a high dose of EGF (50-mu-g/ml) showed either no immunoreactive EGF-R or faint basilar staining. As an additional check for functional activity of the EGF-R, an abundant substrate for this receptor, PLC-gamma-1 was also evaluated following EGF treatment. A similar distribution and modulation pattern following treatment were observed in the grafts immunostained for PLC-gamma-1, suggesting that exogenous EGF treatment affected metabolic pathways subsequent to ligand receptor binding. Morphologic alterations characteristic of a regressing psoriatic phenotype (a decrease in acanthosis, thickness, and the resumption of the orthokeratotic mode of differentiation) were noted in those lesions receiving the 50-mu-g/ml EGF treatment. This study indicates that persistent EGF-R in psoriasis vulgaris are biologically active in vivo and may serve a pivotal role in the regulation of psoriatic lesions. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV DERMATOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,RES SERV,NASHVILLE,TN. RP NANNEY, LB (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PLAST SURG,MCN,S-2221,NASHVILLE,TN 37232, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AGAR07491]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR26518]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM40437] NR 35 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 98 IS 3 BP 296 EP 301 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12497963 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA HJ638 UT WOS:A1992HJ63800006 PM 1545139 ER PT J AU MAHONEY, J EUHARDY, R CARNES, M AF MAHONEY, J EUHARDY, R CARNES, M TI A COMPARISON OF A 2-WHEELED WALKER AND A 3-WHEELED WALKER IN A GERIATRIC POPULATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FALLS AB Objective: There are few data on the effect of walkers on gait and mobility or on comparisons of different walker types. We compared a commonly used 4-legged, 2-wheeled walker and a newer 3-legged, 3-wheeled walker in measures of gait, mobility, and patient satisfaction. Design: Cross-over controlled trial. Setting: In the Physical Therapy Department of a Veterans Affairs hospital. Participants: Subjects were 15 male and female frail elderly veterans (mean age, 82 years), both inpatients and outpatients, consecutively enrolled from a sample of 35 patients referred to the Physical Therapy Department for mobility problems. Subjects met the following criteria: age 65 or over, ambulatory, no prior use of a wheeled walker, stable medical condition, and informed consent. Intervention: Subjects were evaluated without either walker and with each of the two walkers on a 15-foot walkway and a 60-foot obstacle course. Subjects were asked which walker they preferred. Outcome Measure: Outcome measures were stride length on the walkway, time on an obstacle course, and walker preference. Results: Stride length was 1.4 inches (3.6 cm) greater with the 3-wheeled walker than with the 2-wheeled walker (P = 0.016 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Time on the obstacle course was 16.0 seconds less with the 3-wheeled walker than the 2-wheeled walker (P = 0.002). The 3-wheeled walker was subjectively preferred. Conclusions: The 3-wheeled walker appears to have a greater positive impact on gait and mobility than the 2-wheeled walker. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR SECT,2500 OVERLOOK TERR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 3 BP 208 EP 212 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA HG945 UT WOS:A1992HG94500002 PM 1538036 ER PT J AU HAFFNER, SM DUNN, JF KATZ, MS AF HAFFNER, SM DUNN, JF KATZ, MS TI RELATIONSHIP OF SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN TO LIPID, LIPOPROTEIN, GLUCOSE, AND INSULIN CONCENTRATIONS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ANDROGENIC ACTIVITY; POSTHEPARIN PLASMA; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; HDL-CHOLESTEROL C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR & GERONTOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL & METAB,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV CLIN EPIDEMIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01346]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R37HL36820, HL-24799] NR 61 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 41 IS 3 BP 278 EP 284 DI 10.1016/0026-0495(92)90271-B PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HG988 UT WOS:A1992HG98800009 PM 1542267 ER PT J AU CHIODO, LK GERETY, MB MULROW, CD RHODES, MC TULEY, MR AF CHIODO, LK GERETY, MB MULROW, CD RHODES, MC TULEY, MR TI THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON NURSING-HOME PATIENT OUTCOMES SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE GERIATRICS; LONG-TERM CARE; NURSING HOMES; PHYSICAL THERAPY ID TERM AB The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the intensity and outcome of individual components of interdisciplinary care, including physical therapy, in a teaching nursing home. Two independent reviewers abstracted records from 90 consecutive patients admitted to the nursing home. They rated intensity and outcome of each program component using a structured, standardized data-abstraction form. Program components were physical therapy, speech therapy, psychosocial therapy, medication adjustment, and other medical and nursing care. Physical therapy and medication adjustment were the most frequently received therapies. Eighty-eight percent of the patients receiving high-intensity physical therapy and 33% of the patients receiving moderate-intensity physical therapy improved. For medication adjustment, 93% and 72% of the high- and moderate-intensity groups, respectively, improved. In univariate analyses, physical therapy intensity and age were associated with improvement. Baseline function in activities of daily living and cognitive function were not associated with physical therapy outcome. A stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that only therapy intensity was associated with improved outcome. We conclude that physical therapy was efficacious for patients receiving high-intensity treatment. Advanced age, activities-of-daily-living status, and cognitive impairment were not associated with poor physical therapy outcome. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GEN MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYS THER ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 72 IS 3 BP 168 EP 175 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA HG871 UT WOS:A1992HG87100002 PM 1584851 ER PT J AU CHIODO, LK GERETY, MB MULROW, CD RHODES, MC TULEY, MR AF CHIODO, LK GERETY, MB MULROW, CD RHODES, MC TULEY, MR TI THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY ON NURSING-HOME PATIENT OUTCOMES - RESPONSE SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Letter C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GEN MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYS THER ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 72 IS 3 BP 174 EP 175 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA HG871 UT WOS:A1992HG87100004 ER PT J AU HUTCHISON, FN BELL, NH AF HUTCHISON, FN BELL, NH TI OSTEOMALACIA AND RICKETS SO SEMINARS IN NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Review ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; METABOLIC BONE-DISEASE; VITAMIN-D METABOLITES; SERUM 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D LEVELS; LINKED HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RICKETS; ALUMINUM-RELATED OSTEODYSTROPHY; D-DEPENDENT RICKETS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP HUTCHISON, FN (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 131 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9295 J9 SEMIN NEPHROL JI Semin. Nephrol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 12 IS 2 BP 127 EP 145 PG 19 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA HJ369 UT WOS:A1992HJ36900007 PM 1561493 ER PT J AU ALBIN, MS HANTLER, C MITZEL, H BUNEGIN, L GROVER, F COHEN, D AF ALBIN, MS HANTLER, C MITZEL, H BUNEGIN, L GROVER, F COHEN, D TI TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER (TCD) UTILIZATION DURING OPEN-HEART-SURGERY - FLOW CHANGES AND INCIDENCE OF AIR MICROEMBOLI SO STROKE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,AUDIE MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD MAR PY 1992 VL 23 IS 3 BP 474 EP 474 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HH219 UT WOS:A1992HH21900109 ER PT J AU KAWAMURA, T NIGUMA, T FECHNER, JH WOLBER, R BEESKAU, MA HULLETT, DA SOLLINGER, HW BURLINGHAM, WJ AF KAWAMURA, T NIGUMA, T FECHNER, JH WOLBER, R BEESKAU, MA HULLETT, DA SOLLINGER, HW BURLINGHAM, WJ TI CHRONIC HUMAN SKIN-GRAFT REJECTION IN SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENT MICE ENGRAFTED WITH HUMAN PBL FROM AN HLA-PRESENSITIZED DONOR SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID SCID MICE; MOUSE; LYMPHOCYTES; ALLOGRAFTS; CELLS AB Mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (C.B-17 scid [SCID]) accepted xenografts of adult human peripheral blood leukocytes injected intraperitoneally as evidenced by production of human immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM), and circulation of human leukocytes in peripheral blood. SCID mice also accepted human split-thickness skin xenografts. Passenger leukocytes present in small numbers in such skin grafts could also recirculate in host peripheral blood and make detectable levels of human immunoglobulin. To test the immunocompetence of the transferred human PBL, SCID mice received a human skin xenograft from a second donor (HLA-mismatched with the PBL donor) either before (n = 6) or after (n = 23) xenografting of PBL. Skin was monitored daily for signs of rejection, and rejection was scored by histology 3-4 weeks after the second graft (PBL or skin) was placed. Of 19 SCID injected with PBL from an HLA presensitized patient (L.G.), 7/19 (37%) rejected a subsequent HLA-mismatched skin xenograft. Two of six SCID (33%) rejected a previously established skin xenograft when PBL were administered afterward. The rejection of the human skin was chronic, of relatively late onset (3-4 weeks), and was characterized grossly by contraction, glassy surface, and thickening. Histopathologic examination showed lymphocyte infiltration into the dermis with endothelial cell cuffing and destruction of capillaries, as well as lymphocyte tagging of the basal epidermis, hyperkeratosis, lymphocyte exocytosis and single epidermal cell necrosis. Immunostaining with monoclonal antibody to human CD2 or mouse CD3 revealed that human, but not mouse T lymphocytes were tagging the dermis/epidermis junction and infiltrating the epidermis of rejecting skin grafts. We conclude that a form of human skin graft rejection may be reproduced in an SCID mouse. The immune status of the transferred cells (sensitized vs. normal) and the lymphocytes ability to recirculate in SCID peripheral blood appear to be factors limiting the rejection process. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53792. RI Fechner, John/C-5962-2016 OI Fechner, John/0000-0002-8220-7237 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI26941]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK31774] NR 17 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAR PY 1992 VL 53 IS 3 BP 659 EP 665 DI 10.1097/00007890-199203000-00032 PG 7 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA HJ581 UT WOS:A1992HJ58100032 PM 1549862 ER PT J AU KNECHTLE, SJ WANG, J BURLINGHAM, WJ BEESKAU, M SUBRAMANIAN, R SOLLINGER, HW AF KNECHTLE, SJ WANG, J BURLINGHAM, WJ BEESKAU, M SUBRAMANIAN, R SOLLINGER, HW TI THE INFLUENCE OF RS-61443 ON ANTIBODY-MEDIATED REJECTION SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Note C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 13 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAR PY 1992 VL 53 IS 3 BP 699 EP 701 PG 3 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA HJ581 UT WOS:A1992HJ58100046 PM 1549873 ER PT J AU DENEKE, SM BUKOWSKI, DM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG AF DENEKE, SM BUKOWSKI, DM LAWRENCE, RA JENKINSON, SG TI COMPARISON OF CYSTINE TRANSPORT IN LUNG TYPE-II EPITHELIAL-CELLS AND PULMONARY-ARTERY ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1737 EP A1737 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100798 ER PT J AU FLESCHER, E LEDBETTER, JA SCHIEVEN, GL FOSSUM, D TALAL, N AF FLESCHER, E LEDBETTER, JA SCHIEVEN, GL FOSSUM, D TALAL, N TI OXIDATIVE STRESS SUPPRESSES HUMAN T-CELL SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARM RES INST,SEATTLE,WA 98121. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1714 EP A1714 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100664 ER PT J AU ORSON, FM THOMAS, DW MCSHAN, WM AF ORSON, FM THOMAS, DW MCSHAN, WM TI DIRECT DETECTION OF IL2R-ALPHA PROMOTER SPECIFIC OLIGONUCLEOTIDE BINDING TO GENOMIC DNA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1715 EP A1715 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100669 ER PT J AU SCHINI, VB SCOTTBURDEN, T DURANTE, W ELIZONDO, E SCHAFER, A VANHOUTTE, PM AF SCHINI, VB SCOTTBURDEN, T DURANTE, W ELIZONDO, E SCHAFER, A VANHOUTTE, PM TI EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (EPA) ENHANCES THE ACTIVITY OF NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE EVOKED BY INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA(IL-1-BETA) IN CULTURED SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS FROM HUMAN AORTA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CTR EXPTL THERAPEUT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. HOUSTON VA MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1732 EP A1732 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100769 ER PT J AU BHANDARI, B GRANDALIANO, G ABBOUD, H AF BHANDARI, B GRANDALIANO, G ABBOUD, H TI PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH-FACTOR (PDGF) A-CHAIN AND B-CHAIN GENE-EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MESANGIAL CELLS - MESSENGER-RNA ABUNDANCE, TRANSCRIPTION AND MESSENGER-RNA STABILITY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Grandaliano, Giuseppe/G-2963-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1077 EP A1077 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71900820 ER PT J AU DUPONTVERSTEEGDEN, EE FREVALDENHOVEN, AM MCCARTER, RJ KATZ, MS AF DUPONTVERSTEEGDEN, EE FREVALDENHOVEN, AM MCCARTER, RJ KATZ, MS TI ELEVATED LEVELS OF ALBUMIN IN MUSCLES OF MDX MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A963 EP A963 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71900155 ER PT J AU HAMILTON, JD HARTIGAN, PM SIMBERKOFF, MS DAY, PL DIAMOND, GR DICKINSON, GM DRUSANO, GL EGORIN, MJ GEORGE, WL GORDIN, FM HAWKES, CA JENSEN, PC KLIMAS, NG LABRIOLA, AM LAHART, CJ OBRIEN, WA OSTER, CN WEINHOLD, KJ WRAY, NP ZOLLAPAZNER, SB AF HAMILTON, JD HARTIGAN, PM SIMBERKOFF, MS DAY, PL DIAMOND, GR DICKINSON, GM DRUSANO, GL EGORIN, MJ GEORGE, WL GORDIN, FM HAWKES, CA JENSEN, PC KLIMAS, NG LABRIOLA, AM LAHART, CJ OBRIEN, WA OSTER, CN WEINHOLD, KJ WRAY, NP ZOLLAPAZNER, SB TI A CONTROLLED TRIAL OF EARLY VERSUS LATE TREATMENT WITH ZIDOVUDINE IN SYMPTOMATIC HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION - RESULTS OF THE VETERANS AFFAIRS COOPERATIVE STUDY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; DOUBLE-BLIND; AZIDOTHYMIDINE AZT; CLINICAL-TRIALS; EFFICACY; TOXICITY; PATIENT; HIV AB Background. Zidovudine is recommended for asymptomatic and early symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The best time to initiate zidovudine treatment remains uncertain, however, and whether early treatment improves survival has not been established. Methods. We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial that compared early zidovudine therapy (beginning at 1500 mg per day) with late therapy in HIV-infected patients who were symptomatic and had CD4+ counts between 0.2 x 10(9) and 0.5 x 10(9) cells per liter (200 to 500 per cubic millimeter) at entry. Those assigned to late therapy initially received placebo and began zidovudine when their CD4+ counts fell below 0.2 x 10(9) per liter (200 per cubic millimeter) or when the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed. Results. During a mean follow-up period of more than two years, there were 23 deaths in the early-therapy group (n = 170) and 20 deaths in the late-therapy group (n = 168) (P = 0.48; relative risk [late vs. early], 0.81; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.44 to 1.59). In the early-therapy group, 28 patients progressed to AIDS, as compared with 48 in the late-therapy group (P = 0.02; relative risk, 1.76; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.1 to 2.8). Early therapy increased the time until CD4+ counts fell below 0.2 x l0(9) per liter (200 per cubic millimeter), and it produced more conversions from positive to negative for serum p24 antigen. Early therapy was associated with more anemia, leukopenia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, whereas late therapy was associated with more skin rash. Conclusions. In symptomatic patients with HIV infection, early treatment with zidovudine delays progression to AIDS, but in this controlled study it did not improve survival, and it was associated with more side effects. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BALTIMORE,MD. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MIAMI,FL. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. VET AFFAIRS COORDINATING CTR,W HAVEN,CT. VET AFFAIRS COORDINATING CTR,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27706. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. RP HAMILTON, JD (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,508 FULTON ST,DURHAM,NC 27705, USA. NR 18 TC 330 Z9 330 U1 0 U2 3 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 13 PY 1992 VL 326 IS 7 BP 437 EP 443 DI 10.1056/NEJM199202133260703 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HD164 UT WOS:A1992HD16400003 PM 1346337 ER PT J AU JENNE, JW AF JENNE, JW TI PHARMACOKINETICS AND DRUG-MONITORING - A CITATION-CLASSIC COMMENTARY ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF THEOPHYLLINE - APPLICATION TO ADJUSTMENT OF CLINICAL DOSE OF AMINOPHYLLINE BY JENNE,J.W., WYSE,E., ROOD,F.S. AND MCDONALD,F.M. SO CURRENT CONTENTS/CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID METABOLITES; SERUM RP JENNE, JW (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,HINES,IL 60141, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST SCI INFORM INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3501 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 SN 0891-3358 J9 CC/CLIN MED PD FEB 10 PY 1992 IS 6 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA HA328 UT WOS:A1992HA32800001 ER PT J AU BLAZERYOST, BL WATANABE, M HAVERTY, TP ZIYADEH, FN AF BLAZERYOST, BL WATANABE, M HAVERTY, TP ZIYADEH, FN TI ROLE OF INSULIN AND IGF1 RECEPTORS IN PROLIFERATION OF CULTURED RENAL PROXIMAL TUBULE CELLS SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE KIDNEY GROWTH; MITOGENESIS; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; COMPETITIVE BINDING ASSAY; (MOUSE CORTICAL TUBULE) ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; SERUM-FREE MEDIUM; KIDNEY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; HYBRID RECEPTORS; DEFINED MEDIUM; SOMATOMEDIN-C; RAT; TRANSPORT; LINE AB We have used a murine proximal tubule cell line (MCT cells) to determine the presence and binding characteristics of insulin and IGF1 receptors and to correlate these parameters with the concentration-response relationships for ligand-induced cellular proliferation. Separate insulin and IGF1 receptors were identified by equilibrium binding assays. Half-maximal displacement of either peptide occurred at 3-10 nM; crossover binding to the alternate receptor occurred with a 10- to 100-fold lower affinity. Peptide effects on cellular proliferation were determined by measuring [H-3]thymidine incorporation. Both insulin and IGF1 stimulate thymidine incorporation in a dose-dependent manner with similar increases above the basal level. The estimated half-maximal stimulation (EC50) occurred at 4 nM for IGF1 and 8 nM for insulin. A comparison of the receptor binding affinities with the dose-response relationships for [H-3]thymidine incorporation reveals that each growth factor appears to be exerting its effect via binding to its own receptor. Therefore, in this cell line, physiologic concentrations of either insulin or IGF1 can modulate cellular growth. To our knowledge this is the first demonstration of mitogenic effect which may be modulated by ligand binding to the insulin receptor in proximal tubule epithelia. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP BLAZERYOST, BL (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV RENAL ELECTROLYTE,ROOM A303R,UNIV & WOODLAND AVES,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-39565] NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3002 J9 BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA PD FEB 3 PY 1992 VL 1133 IS 3 BP 329 EP 335 DI 10.1016/0167-4889(92)90055-G PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA HD987 UT WOS:A1992HD98700013 PM 1310625 ER PT J AU RAEHL, CL BOND, CA PITTERLE, ME AF RAEHL, CL BOND, CA PITTERLE, ME TI PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES IN UNITED-STATES HOSPITALS IN 1989 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE ADMINISTRATION; CLINICAL PHARMACY; DATA COLLECTION; DRUG DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS; EDUCATION, PHARMACEUTICAL; GEOGRAPHY; MANPOWER; PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES; PHARMACY, INSTITUTIONAL, HOSPITAL; STAFF DEVELOPMENT; UNITED-STATES ID ASHP NATIONAL SURVEY; CARE AB The results of a spring 1989 national survey of hospital-based pharmacy services are reported. The study group (n = 2112) comprised half of U.S. acute-care general surgical or medical hospitals with 50 or more licensed beds. Pharmacy directors were asked about their hospital's provision of 14 clinical pharmacy services. The survey had a response rate of 56% (1174 usable responses). Provision levels varied significantly with the pharmacy drug delivery system for 14 services, pharmacy director's education for 12 services, hospital teaching affiliation for 12 services, hospital ownership for 9 services, hospital size for 9 services, and geographic region for 5 services. The following percentages of respondents offered specific services: drug-use evaluation, 90%; inservice education, 66%; adverse drug reaction (ADR) management, 46%; drug therapy monitoring, 41%; pharmacokinetic consultations, 40%; parenteral-enteral nutrition team participation, 28%; patient medication counseling, 26%; drug therapy protocol management, 25%; cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) team participation, 25%; clinical research, 22%; drug information, 16%; participation in medical rounds, 13%; poison information, 9%; and medication histories, 2%. Pharmacist staffing requirements for clinical services usually centralized within the department were highest for drug information and poison information. Within hospitals offering the services, four of nine patient-specific services were potentially available to more than half the patients: ADR management, CPR team participation, drug therapy monitoring, and nutrition team participation. Drug therapy protocol management required the most pharmacist staff time. Only one service, pharmacokinetic consultations, was justified by more than half of the providers of that service. Respondents expected all the services to undergo net growth during 1989-90. The 1989 National Clinical Pharmacy Services Survey showed that provision of clinical pharmacy services varied with the pharmacy drug delivery system, pharmacy director's education, hospital teaching affiliation, hospital ownership, hospital size, and geographic region. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,ARRHYTHMIA CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. RP RAEHL, CL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH PHARM,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 24 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 49 IS 2 BP 323 EP 346 PG 24 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HB963 UT WOS:A1992HB96300009 PM 1553999 ER PT J AU BOND, CA PITTERLE, ME RAEHL, CL AF BOND, CA PITTERLE, ME RAEHL, CL TI COST OF INPATIENT PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES IN UNITED-STATES HOSPITALS IN 1989 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE ADMINISTRATION; CLINICAL PHARMACY; COSTS; DATA COLLECTION; DRUG DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS; DRUG INFORMATION; EDUCATION, PHARMACEUTICAL; GEOGRAPHY; PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES; PHARMACISTS, HOSPITAL; PHARMACY, INSTITUTIONAL, HOSPITAL; SUBSTITUTION; UNITED-STATES ID CLINICAL PHARMACY; CASE-MIX; DRUG; SEVERITY; ILLNESS; CARE AB The results of a spring 1989 national survey of hospital-based pharmacy services are reported; this article focuses on the cost structure of services. A questionnaire was sent to 2112 hospitals, comprising half of U.S. acute-care general medical or surgical hospitals with 50 or more licensed beds. Cost results were evaluated both as unadjusted data and as data adjusted with the case mix index (CMI). The survey had a response rate of 56% (1174 usable responses). Both pharmacy cost information and the CMI were obtained for 1000 hospitals. Mean +/- S.D. unadjusted medication costs per occupied bed were $6744 +/- $3048 and varied significantly with geographic region. Mean +/- S.D. pharmacist salary costs per full-time equivalent (FTE) were $38,432 +/- $8,550 and differed with geographic region, hospital ownership, the pharmacy drug delivery system, and the pharmacy director's education. Pharmacist salary costs associated with centrally based clinical pharmacy services ranged from a high of $60 per occupied bed per year for drug information services to a low of $15 for inservice education. The state with the highest mean +/- S.D. pharmacist annual salary per FTE was California ($45,900 +/- $11,037); the state with the lowest annual salary was Indiana ($29,637 +/- $7,110). A 1989 survey of clinical pharmacy services provided comprehensive data on complex cost structures. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,ARRHYTHMIA CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. RP BOND, CA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH PHARM,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 49 IS 2 BP 347 EP 367 PG 21 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HB963 UT WOS:A1992HB96300010 PM 1554000 ER PT J AU BURSTEN, SL HARRIS, WE RESCH, K LOVETT, DH AF BURSTEN, SL HARRIS, WE RESCH, K LOVETT, DH TI LIPID-A ACTIVATION OF GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL CELLS - MIMICRY OF THE BIOACTIVE LIPID, PHOSPHATIDIC-ACID SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACYL TRANSFERASE; DIACYLGLYCEROL ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-BINDING PROTEINS; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; GRAM-NEGATIVE ENDOTOXIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; MONOSACCHARIDE PRECURSORS; MURINE SPLENOCYTES; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; RAT-LIVER; ACYLTRANSFERASE AB Lipid A, the active component of bacterial endotoxin, stimulates multiple cell types, including glomerular mesangial cells (MC), and yet the molecular mechanisms of cell activation remain unclear. Lipid A, in its monosaccharyl form, structurally resembles the biologically active lipid phosphatidic acid (PA). Given this, it was postulated that lipid A activates cells by acting as a structural and functional mimetic of PA. Lipid A was found to specifically stimulate an MC lyso-PA acyl transferase activity, leading to enhanced synthesis of sn-2-unsaturated forms of PA. Sn-2-unsaturated PA itself, in contrast to sn-2-saturated PA, also stimulated the lyso-PA acyl transferase activity, a positive feedback feature previously noted with lyso-lecithin acyl transferase. Structure-function correlations demonstrated that the phosphate moieties in both PA and lipid A were necessary to feedback stimulation of lyso-PA acyl transferase (AT), as dephosphorylated lipid A and 2-unsaturated 1,2-sn-diacylglycerol had no stimulatory effect on lyso-PA AT. The biologic relevance of the lipid A and PA-mediated increases in lyso-PA acyl transferase activity was shown, whereby limited exposure to these lipids rapidly induced identical MC morphologic and functional alterations characteristic of cellular activation. By mimicking the stimulatory action of PA, per se, on lyso-PA acyl transferase activity, lipid A may initiate a positive feedback cycle of acylation, yielding increased amounts of PA enriched in unsaturated fatty acids. This newly synthesized PA may subsequently act as the proximal mediator of cellular activation. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98108. HANOVER MED SCH,MOLEK PHARMAKOL ABT,W-3000 HANNOVER 61,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 262 IS 2 BP C328 EP C338 PN 1 PG 11 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA HF161 UT WOS:A1992HF16100009 PM 1539625 ER PT J AU FRONTONI, S OHMAN, L HAYWOOD, JR DEFRONZO, RA ROSSETTI, L AF FRONTONI, S OHMAN, L HAYWOOD, JR DEFRONZO, RA ROSSETTI, L TI INVIVO INSULIN ACTION IN GENETIC MODELS OF HYPERTENSION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GLYCOGEN SYNTHESIS; INSULIN CLAMP; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; GLYCOLYSIS ID STIMULATED-GLUCOSE-UPTAKE; OBESE ZUCKER RATS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; DIABETIC RATS; DEPENDENT DIABETICS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; RESISTANCE; SENSITIVITY; METABOLISM; HYPERINSULINEMIA AB Insulin resistance has been described in nonobese subjects with essential hypertension. At present it is unknown whether hypertension per se may lead to the onset of insulin resistance. To examine this question we studied in vivo insulin action in two rat models of genetic hypertension. Four groups of conscious rats were studied: Milan hypertensive (MHS), Milan normotensive (MNS), spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY). Mean arterial pressure was increased in SHR vs. WKY in both the fed (184 +/- 5 vs. 126 +/- 6 mmHg; P < 0.001) and fasting (160 +/- 5 vs. 129 +/- 5; P < 0.001) states. During high-dose insulin clamps, total body glucose uptake (mg.kg-1.min-1) was similar in MNS (28.7 +/- 1.4) vs. MHS (33.6 +/- 3.0) and in WKY (34.6 +/- 1.8) vs. SHR (35.7 +/- 2.4). During low-dose insulin clamps, suppression of hepatic glucose production (3.5 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.0 +/- 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1) and stimulation of glycolysis (12.9 +/- 0.8 vs. 14.4 +/- 1.5 mg.kg-1.min-1) were similar in WKY vs. SHR, whereas glucose uptake (24.6 +/- 1.9 vs. 18.3 +/- 1.2 mg.kg-1.min-1; P < 0.01) and muscle glycogenic rate (10.2 +/- 1.1 vs. 6.5 +/- 1.1 mg.kg-1.min-1; P < 0.05) were increased in SHR vs. WKY. In conclusion, 1) feeding markedly augments blood pressure in hypertensive but not in normotensive rats, and 2) hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity are normal or increased in two different rat models of genetic hypertension. These results provide evidence that high blood pressure per se does not invariably lead to the development of insulin resistance. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI FRONTONI, SIMONA/J-4893-2012 NR 46 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 262 IS 2 BP E191 EP E196 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA HF161 UT WOS:A1992HF16100044 PM 1539644 ER PT J AU CASTELLINO, P SOLINI, A LUZI, L BARR, JG SMITH, DJ PETRIDES, A GIORDANO, M CARROLL, C DEFRONZO, RA AF CASTELLINO, P SOLINI, A LUZI, L BARR, JG SMITH, DJ PETRIDES, A GIORDANO, M CARROLL, C DEFRONZO, RA TI GLUCOSE AND AMINO-ACID-METABOLISM IN CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE - EFFECT OF INSULIN AND AMINO-ACIDS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PROTEIN METABOLISM ID DIETARY-PROTEIN INTAKE; LEUCINE METABOLISM; CLAMP TECHNIQUE; CHRONIC UREMIA; BETA-CELL; MUSCLE; RESISTANCE; DEFECTS; PLASMA; INSUFFICIENCY AB The effects of hyperinsulinemia and hyperaminoacidemia on glucose and amino acid metabolism were examined in 16 control and 13 chronic renal failure (CRF) patients under two conditions: 1) euglycemic hyperinsulinemia and 2) amino acid infusion. All studies were performed with continuous indirect calorimetry and [1-C-14]leucine infusion. In CRF patients insulin-mediated whole body glucose metabolism was reduced by 35% (4.41 +/- 0.50 vs. 6.76 +/- 0.73 mg.kg-1.min-1, P < 0.01), primarily due to a decrease in nonoxidative glucose disposal (1.70 +/- 0.70 vs. 4.32 +/- 0.60 mg.kg-1.min-1, P < 0.01); glucose oxidation was similar in both groups. In the postabsorptive state total leucine turnover (1.56 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.75 +/- 0.06), leucine oxidation (0.25 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.30 +/- 0.01), and nonoxidative leucine disposal (1.29 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.40 +/- 0.07-mu-mol.kg-1.min-1) were reduced in CRF vs. control subjects (all P < 0.05). In response to hyperinsulinemia, endogenous leucine flux (index of proteolysis), leucine oxidation, nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) (index of protein synthesis), and net leucine flux into protein were similar in CRF and control subjects. In contrast, the ability of hyperaminoacidemia to enhance NOLD (1.54 +/- 0.11 vs. 2.10 +/- 0.10-mu-mol.kg-1.min-1, P < 0.01) and net leucine balance (0.27 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.41 +/- 0.05, P < 0.05) was reduced in CRF patients. In summary, in patients with CRF 1) basal leucine turnover and oxidation are reduced, 2) insulin-mediated suppression of proteolysis and net leucine flux into protein are normal, 3) amino acid-induced stimulation of protein synthesis and net flux of leucine into protein are impaired, and 4) insulin-mediated stimulation of glucose metabolism is reduced because of diminished nonoxidative glucose disposal. These results demonstrate a clear-cut dissociation between the effects of insulin on glucose vs. amino acid-protein metabolism, and an impairment in amino acid-induced stimulation of protein anabolism. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV NEPHROL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NAPLES UNIV,IST MED INTERNA & NEFROL,I-80134 NAPLES,ITALY. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Luzi, Livio/M-2696-2016; Solini, Anna/K-4666-2016 OI Luzi, Livio/0000-0003-3183-0552; Solini, Anna/0000-0002-7855-8253 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01346] NR 40 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 262 IS 2 BP F168 EP F176 PN 2 PG 9 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA HF163 UT WOS:A1992HF16300073 PM 1539681 ER PT J AU LEVINE, RL ROZENTAL, JM NICKLES, RJ AF LEVINE, RL ROZENTAL, JM NICKLES, RJ TI BLOOD-FLOW ASYMMETRY IN CAROTID OCCLUSIVE DISEASE SO ANGIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CEREBROVASCULAR-DISEASE; ANGIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS; CEREBRAL PERFUSION; INHALATION; ISCHEMIA AB Patterns of anterior border zone (ABZ) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) cerebral blood flow (CBF) asymmetry were readily seen during both normocapnic room air (RA) and induced hypercapnic (CO2) inhalation using fluoromethane and a multislic, high-resolution positron scanner. Wilcoxon two-sample rank testing showed symptomatic-over-nonsymptomatic CBF ratios for unilateral greater than 75% carotid stenosis patients (n = 8) to be 1.05 +/- 0.07 (p < 0.008 as compared with control of 0.97 +/- 0.02) ABZ RA, 0.98 +/- 0.11 ABZ Co2, 0.98 +/- 0.04 MCA RA, and 0.98 +/- 0.06 MCA CO2. Unilateral carotid occlusion patients (n = 8) had ratios of 0.90 +/- 0.16 ABZ RA, 0.81 +/- 0.19 (p < 0.002) ABZ CO2, 0.90 +/- 0.12 and 0.89 +/- 0.13 for MCA RA and CO2, respectively (both p < 0.008 as compared with control 0.99). These preliminary results suggest an upgrade of autoregulation (ie, very high ratio) in the ABZ of high-grade stenosis patients during normocapnia. CBF was preferentially higher on the symptomatic side and then either did not increase or paradoxically fell in response to hypercapnia. In comparison, carotid occlusion patients had low ABZ and MCA ratios during normocapnia, also unable to increase with hypercapnia. The fall in ratios from normocapnia to hypercapnia indicates that these areas, already subject to maximal vasodilation, fail to increase CBF or actually become hypoperfused following induced hypercapnia. These results aid in understanding the concept of "hemodynamic significance." C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED PHYS RADIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. RP LEVINE, RL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,H6-571 CLIN SCI CTR,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WESTMINSTER PUBL INC PI GLEN HEAD PA 708 GLEN COVE AVE, GLEN HEAD, NY 11545 SN 0003-3197 J9 ANGIOLOGY JI Angiology PD FEB PY 1992 VL 43 IS 2 BP 100 EP 109 DI 10.1177/000331979204300203 PG 10 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HF157 UT WOS:A1992HF15700003 PM 1536470 ER PT J AU LEVINE, SM JENKINSON, SG BRYAN, CL ANZUETO, A ZAMORA, CA GIBBONS, WJ CALHOON, JH TRINKLE, JK AF LEVINE, SM JENKINSON, SG BRYAN, CL ANZUETO, A ZAMORA, CA GIBBONS, WJ CALHOON, JH TRINKLE, JK TI VENTILATION-PERFUSION INEQUALITIES DURING GRAFT-REJECTION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING SINGLE LUNG TRANSPLANTATION FOR PRIMARY PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION SO CHEST LA English DT Article AB We report herein data on single lung transplant (SLT) recipients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). One patient did well following surgery but died on the 30th postoperative day due to cytomegalovirus pneumonia. The remaining two patients initially did well with unlimited exercise tolerance following transplantation, but then developed marked dyspnea on exertion and hypoxemia on postoperative days 144 and 120, respectively. Pulmonary function testing showed marked deterioration of function and transbronchial lung biopsy specimens revealed acute graft rejection in one patient and evidence of chronic graft rejection in the second patient. Quantitative ventilation-perfusion lung scanning demonstrated a marked decrease in ventilation to the transplanted lung in both cases associated with only a mild decrease in perfusion. This V/Q mismatch resulted in markedly decreased arterial oxygen saturations, widened alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients, and clinically debilitating dyspnea. We conclude that rejection may result in significant V/Q mismatch and hypoxemia in PPH patients undergoing SLT, which may limit the use of this specific type of surgery for PPH. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV PULM DIS,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,DIV CARDIOTHORAC SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP LEVINE, SM (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PULM DIS SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-30556] NR 11 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD FEB PY 1992 VL 101 IS 2 BP 401 EP 405 DI 10.1378/chest.101.2.401 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA HC557 UT WOS:A1992HC55700026 PM 1735262 ER PT J AU ALBIN, MS BUNEGIN, L DUKE, ES RITTER, RR PAGE, CP AF ALBIN, MS BUNEGIN, L DUKE, ES RITTER, RR PAGE, CP TI ANATOMY OF A DEFECTIVE BARRIER - SEQUENTIAL GLOVE LEAK DETECTION IN A SURGICAL AND DENTAL ENVIRONMENT SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE LATEX RUBBER; GLOVE, SURGICAL; FLUORESCEINS; INFECTIONS, VIRAL, BACTERIAL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; CONDOMS; MICROSCOPY; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; SURGERY ID HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; RUBBER GLOVES; LATEX GLOVES; PERFORATIONS; CONTAMINATION; SURGEONS; FAILURE AB Objectives: a) To determine the frequency of perforations in latex surgical gloves before, during, and after surgical and dental procedures; b) to evaluate the topographical distribution of perforations in latex surgical gloves after surgical and dental procedures; and c) to validate methods of testing for latex surgical glove patency. Design: Multitrial tests under in vitro conditions and a prospective sequential patient study using consecutive testing. Setting: An outpatient dental clinic at a university dental school, the operating suite in a medical school affiliated with the Veteran's Hospital, and a biomechanics laboratory. Personnel: Surgeons, scrub nurses, and dental technicians participating in 50 surgical and 50 dental procedures. Methods: We collected 679 latex surgical gloves after surgical procedures and tested them for patency by using a water pressure test. We also employed an electronic glove leak detector before donning, after sequential time intervals, and upon termination of 47 surgical (sequential surgical), 50 dental (sequential dental), and in three orthopedic cases where double gloving was used. The electronic glove leak detector was validated by using electronic point-by-point surface probing, fluorescein dye diffusion, as well as detecting glove punctures made with a 27-gauge needle. Results: The random study indicated a leak rate of 33.0% (224 out of 679) in latex surgical gloves; the sequential surgical study demonstrated patency in 203 out of 347 gloves (58.5%); the sequential dental study showed 34 leaks in the 106 gloves used (32.1%); and with double gloving, the leak rate decreased to 25.0% (13 of 52 gloves tested). While the allowable FDA defect rate for unused latex surgical gloves is 1.5%, we noted defect rates in unused gloves of 5.5% in the sequential surgical, 1.9% in the sequential dental, and 4.0% in our electronic glove leak detector validating study. In the sequential surgical study, 52% of the leaks had occurred by 75 mins, and in the sequential dental study, 75% of the leaks developed by 30 mins. In terms of the anatomical localization, the thumb and forefinger accounted for more than 60% of the defects. There were no differences in the frequency of glove leaks between the left and right hand. Leak rates were highest for the surgeon (52%), followed by the first assistant (29%) and the scrub nurse (25%). No false negatives were noted using the electronic glove leak detector; one false positive was seen out of 225 gloves tested (0.44%), as noted in our validation studies. Conclusions: Significantly high glove leak rates were noted after surgical and dental procedures, indicating that the present day latex surgical gloves can become an incompetent barrier once they are used. Unused latex surgical gloves demonstrated a higher rate of defects than allowed by the Food and Drug Administration standards, indicating substantial non-compliance of quality control standards by manufacturers as well as inadequate governmental oversight. Double gloving, or the use of thicker latex surgical gloves, would probably reduce the frequency of glove leaks. Latex surgical gloves should be tested for patency before use and during surgical and dental procedures. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH MED,CLIN RES FACIL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH DENT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,ANESTHESIA SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SURG SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ALBIN, MS (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 57 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 20 IS 2 BP 170 EP 184 DI 10.1097/00003246-199202000-00006 PG 15 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA HC983 UT WOS:A1992HC98300006 PM 1737454 ER PT J AU JAMEEL, N PUGH, JA MITCHELL, BD STERN, MP AF JAMEEL, N PUGH, JA MITCHELL, BD STERN, MP TI DIETARY-PROTEIN INTAKE IS NOT CORRELATED WITH CLINICAL PROTEINURIA IN NIDDM SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID URINARY ALBUMIN EXCRETION; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; NATURAL-HISTORY; MICROALBUMINURIA; GLOMERULOPATHY; PATHOGENESIS; HYPERTENSION AB OBJECTIVE - To determine whether dietary protein intake is correlated with clinical proteinuria in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Cross-sectional analysis of data obtained from the San Antonio Heart Study, a population-based survey of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. Subjects were enrolled in two phases: phase 1 between 1979 and 1982 and phase 2 between 1984 and 1988. This study was based on 376 NIDDM subjects who had both urinalysis and complete dietary protein intake information available. Dietary protein intake was measured by 24-h dietary recall in phase 1 and by food-frequency questionnaire in phase 2. An early-morning spot urine was obtained from study subjects. Clinical proteinuria was defined as greater-than-or-equal-to 1 on Ames Albustix test. RESULTS - In phase 1, the subjects with negative or trace proteinuria had a mean protein intake of 79.9 g/day compared with 72. 1 g/day for subjects with greater-than-or-equal-to 1 proteinuria. In phase 2, the mean protein intake was 72.2 g/day in the negative/trace group and 65.3 g/day in the greater-than-or-equal-to 1 proteinuria group. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, systolic blood pressure, and 2-h blood glucose, we were again unable to detect a significant correlation between dietary protein intake and clinical proteinuria. CONCLUSIONS - These data do not support the hypothesis that high-protein intake is a risk factor for clinical proteinuria in NIDDM subjects. Therefore, any recommendation for protein restriction in the diets of NIDDM subjects, before the development of NIDDM-related nephropathy, must be made with caution. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT CLIN EPIDEMIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT GEN MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP JAMEEL, N (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,AMBULATORY CARE 11C,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X; Mitchell, Braxton/0000-0003-4920-4744 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-24799, HL-36820]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-38392] NR 26 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD FEB PY 1992 VL 15 IS 2 BP 178 EP 183 DI 10.2337/diacare.15.2.178 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HA609 UT WOS:A1992HA60900004 PM 1547674 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, DY LEW, GM MALATY, HM EVANS, DG EVANS, DJ KLEIN, PD ALPERT, LC GENTA, RM AF GRAHAM, DY LEW, GM MALATY, HM EVANS, DG EVANS, DJ KLEIN, PD ALPERT, LC GENTA, RM TI FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ERADICATION OF HELICOBACTER-PYLORI WITH TRIPLE THERAPY SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLLOIDAL BISMUTH SUBCITRATE; ULCER; DISEASE C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP GRAHAM, DY (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 39919] NR 18 TC 518 Z9 525 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD FEB PY 1992 VL 102 IS 2 BP 493 EP 496 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA HA639 UT WOS:A1992HA63900015 PM 1732120 ER PT J AU BUSH, RK RITTER, MW AF BUSH, RK RITTER, MW TI ALLERGEN IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR THE PATIENT WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS SO IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; HAY-FEVER PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; POLLEN EXTRACT; DERMATOPHAGOIDES-PTERONYSSINUS; RUSH IMMUNOTHERAPY; ANTIGEN CHALLENGE; NASAL SECRETIONS; RAGWEED-POLLEN; MUCOSA C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. RP BUSH, RK (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,ALLERGY SECT,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 70 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0889-8561 J9 IMMUNOL ALLERGY CLIN JI Immunol. Allerg. Clin. North Am. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 12 IS 1 BP 107 EP 124 PG 18 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA HD054 UT WOS:A1992HD05400009 ER PT J AU ANZUETO, A ANDRADE, FH MAXWELL, LC LEVINE, SM LAWRENCE, RA GIBBONS, WJ JENKINSON, SG AF ANZUETO, A ANDRADE, FH MAXWELL, LC LEVINE, SM LAWRENCE, RA GIBBONS, WJ JENKINSON, SG TI RESISTIVE BREATHING ACTIVATES THE GLUTATHIONE REDOX CYCLE AND IMPAIRS PERFORMANCE OF RAT DIAPHRAGM SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RESPIRATORY MUSCLES; FREE RADICALS; MALONDIALDEHYDE; THIOBARBITURIC ACID-REACTIVE SUBSTANCES; ANTIOXIDANT; LIPID PEROXIDATION; INJURY; CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; BLOOD-FLOW; RESPIRATORY MUSCLES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; EXERCISE; CONTRACTION; METABOLISM; FATIGUE; STRESS AB Free radical activation and lipid peroxidation have been described in skeletal muscle during strenuous exercise. We hypothesized that oxygen radicals could also be formed in the diaphragm muscle during strenuous resistive breathing and that these radicals might affect diaphragm function. Seven control and 12 experimental male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Six experimental animals were subjected to resistive breathing (RB) alone and six animals received 15 min of mechanical ventilatory support (MV) after the resistive breathing period. Inspiratory resistance was adjusted to maintain airway opening pressure at 70% maximum in both groups until exhaustion. Diaphragm samples were obtained for analysis of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBAR), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione disulfide (GSSG). In vitro isometric contraction times, twitch (P(t)) tension and maximum tetanic (P(o)) tension, force-frequency curves, fatigue index, and recovery index were measured. In RB and MV compared with controls, there were significant decreases in P(t) and P(o). Diaphragm TBAR concentrations were increased in MV compared with controls or RB. GSSG-to-total glutathione ratio was increased in RB and MV compared with controls. Production of free radicals during RB and MV may represent an important mechanism of diaphragmatic injury that could contribute to the decline in contractility. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY VET AFFAIRS HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP ANZUETO, A (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV PULM DIS CRIT CARE,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Andrade, Francisco/F-1258-2011 OI Andrade, Francisco/0000-0002-2460-5798 NR 33 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 72 IS 2 BP 529 EP 534 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA HE268 UT WOS:A1992HE26800019 PM 1559928 ER PT J AU DEAHL, ST OBERLEY, LW OBERLEY, TD ELWELL, JH AF DEAHL, ST OBERLEY, LW OBERLEY, TD ELWELL, JH TI IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASES, CATALASE, AND GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASES IN RAT FEMORA SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FREE-RADICALS; GROWTH PLATE; LOCALIZATION; TISSUES; EXPRESSION AB We used light microscopic immunohistochemistry to locate manganese superoxide dismutase, copper zinc superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferases in demineralized femora from rats of 4-14 weeks of age. Immunoblots confirmed the specificity of the polyclonal antibodies for the rat proteins of interest. Each of the enzymes exhibited a unique staining pattern. Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase was detected within some articular and epiphyseal chondrocytes of younger animals. Manganese superoxide dismutase was detected within some articular and epiphyseal chondrocytes, within some osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts, within many osteoclasts, and within some vascular smooth muscle cells. Catalase was identified within articular chondrocytes, epiphyseal chondrocytes, and osteocytes, whereas staining at the periphery of hypertrophic chondrocytes suggested extracellular and/or cell membrane-associted catalase. Glutathione-S-transferases were detected within and at the periphery of epiphyseal and articular chondrocytes and less prominently within cortical osteocytes. There were no major age-related changes in antioxidant enzyme distribution. C1 UNIV IOWA,RADIAT RES LAB,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53705. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA41267]; NIDCR NIH HHS [1K16DE00176] NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 7 IS 2 BP 187 EP 198 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HD573 UT WOS:A1992HD57300009 PM 1570763 ER PT J AU LLOYD, M MEVISSEN, G FISCHER, M OLSEN, W GOODSPEED, D GENINI, M BOLL, W SEMENZA, G MANTEI, N AF LLOYD, M MEVISSEN, G FISCHER, M OLSEN, W GOODSPEED, D GENINI, M BOLL, W SEMENZA, G MANTEI, N TI REGULATION OF INTESTINAL LACTASE IN ADULT HYPOLACTASIA SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE LACTASE; LACTASE DEFICIENCY; ADULT HYPOLACTASIA ID PHLORIZIN HYDROLASE; MESSENGER-RNA; ENZYME; DNA; BIOSYNTHESIS; EXPRESSION; DEFICIENCY; PROTEINS AB Relative deficiency of intestinal lactase activity during adulthood, adult hypolactasia, is a common condition worldwide. We studied the regulation of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase in normal and adult hypolactasic subjects by correlating transcript abundance in intestinal biopsies with relative synthetic rates for the protein in cultured intestinal explants. After metabolic labelling studies in six subjects, precursor lactase-phlorizin hydrolase was identified in amounts directly proportional to the enzyme-specific activity suggesting that levels of intestinal lactase are regulated by synthetic rate. Total intestinal RNA was extracted from biopsies of these subjects and three hypolactasic adults who had participated in previous biosynthesis studies. Transcript levels were markedly reduced in deficient subjects who demonstrated diminished lactase-phlorizin hydrolase synthesis. The sequence of 1 kb of 5'-flanking region of the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene was determined in two hypolactasic subjects and two controls. No sequence variability was identified to account for differences in mRNA levels or biosynthetic rates between the two groups. A single hypolactasic subject previously characterized as demonstrating delayed posttranslational processing, showed message levels intermediate between other deficients and controls. These results suggest that in the majority of our subjects, pretranslational mechanisms account for the predominate regulatory control of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase expression in the proximal intestine. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792. SWISS FED INST TECHNOL,DEPT BIOCHEM 2,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RP LLOYD, M (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GASTROENTEROL RES LAB,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 22484-13]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM-13927]; NIDDK NIH HHS [K08 DK01789] NR 22 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 89 IS 2 BP 524 EP 529 DI 10.1172/JCI115616 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HD270 UT WOS:A1992HD27000025 PM 1737843 ER PT J AU YOUKER, K SMITH, CW ANDERSON, DC MILLER, D MICHAEL, LH ROSSEN, RD ENTMAN, ML AF YOUKER, K SMITH, CW ANDERSON, DC MILLER, D MICHAEL, LH ROSSEN, RD ENTMAN, ML TI NEUTROPHIL ADHERENCE TO ISOLATED ADULT CARDIAC MYOCYTES - INDUCTION BY CARDIAC LYMPH COLLECTED DURING ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE CARDIAC LYMPH; CYTOKINE INDUCTION; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE-1; INTERLEUKIN-6; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY ID INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; INFARCT SIZE; TRANSENDOTHELIAL MIGRATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; INTERFERON-GAMMA; CANINE HEART; ACUTE PHASE; LEUKOCYTES; INJURY AB Canine neutrophils can be induced to adhere in vitro to isolated adult cardiac myocytes by stimulation of the neutrophils with chemotactic factors such as zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) only if the myocytes have been previously exposed to cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. These cytokines induce synthesis and surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the myocyte, and neutrophil adhesion is almost entirely CD18 and ICAM-1 dependent. The present study examines cardiac-specific lymph collected from awake dogs during 1-h coronary occlusion and 3 d of reperfusion for its ability to induce both ICAM-1 expression in cardiac myocytes, and neutrophil-myocyte adherence. Reperfusion lymph induced ICAM-1 expression in isolated myocytes, and myocyte adherence to ZAS-stimulated neutrophils that was completely inhibited by anti-CD18 and anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies. This activity peaked at 90 min of reperfusion and persisted for up to 72 h. Preischemic lymph was not stimulatory. IL-1 appeared not to be a stimulating factor in lymph in that dilutions of lymph were found to inhibit the stimulatory effects of recombinant IL-1-beta. However, investigation of interleukin 6 (IL-6) revealed that recombinant IL-6 stimulated myocyte adhesiveness for ZAS-stimulated neutrophils (ED50 = 0.002 U/ml) and expression of ICAM-1 by isolated myocytes. IL-6 neutralizing antibody markedly reduced the ability of reperfusion lymph to stimulate adhesion and ICAM-1 expression, and estimates of levels of IL-6 in reperfusion lymph ranged from 0.035 to 0.14 U/ml. These results indicate that cytokines capable of promoting neutrophil-myocyte adhesion occur in extracellular fluid during reperfusion of ischemic myocardium, and that one of these cytokines is IL-6. Neutrophil-myocyte adhesion may be of pathogenic significance because it may enhance the cytotoxic activity of the neutrophil. C1 METHODIST HOSP,DEPT MED,CARDIOVASC SCI SECT,DALLAS,TX 75222. DEBAKEY HEART CTR,DALLAS,TX. TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,SPEROS P MARTEL LAB LEUKOCYTE BIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,VET ADM HOSP,DEPT CELL BIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,VET ADM HOSP,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-23161, HL-41408, HL-42550] NR 53 TC 177 Z9 182 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 89 IS 2 BP 602 EP 609 DI 10.1172/JCI115626 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HD270 UT WOS:A1992HD27000035 PM 1346618 ER PT J AU WEISS, GR MARGOLIN, KA ARONSON, FR SZNOL, M ATKINS, MB DUTCHER, JP GAYNOR, ER BOLDT, DH DOROSHOW, JH BAR, MH HAWKINS, MJ DEMCHAK, PA GUCALP, R FISHER, RI AF WEISS, GR MARGOLIN, KA ARONSON, FR SZNOL, M ATKINS, MB DUTCHER, JP GAYNOR, ER BOLDT, DH DOROSHOW, JH BAR, MH HAWKINS, MJ DEMCHAK, PA GUCALP, R FISHER, RI TI A RANDOMIZED PHASE-II TRIAL OF CONTINUOUS INFUSION INTERLEUKIN-2 OR BOLUS INJECTION INTERLEUKIN-2 PLUS LYMPHOKINE-ACTIVATED KILLER-CELLS FOR ADVANCED RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY; ADVANCED CANCER; LYMPHOCYTES C1 NCI,DIV CANC THERAPY,INVEST DRUG BRANCH,CANC THERAPY EVALUAT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CITY HOPE CANC RES CTR,DUARTE,CA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. TUFTS UNIV,NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. ALBERT EINSTEIN CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY. LOYOLA UNIV,MED CTR,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. RP WEISS, GR (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM HOSP,DEPT MED & MED ONCOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CM73707, N01-CM73703, N01-CM73702] NR 11 TC 125 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 10 IS 2 BP 275 EP 281 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HB270 UT WOS:A1992HB27000014 PM 1732429 ER PT J AU AMES, D WIRSHING, WC SZUBA, MP AF AMES, D WIRSHING, WC SZUBA, MP TI ORGANIC MENTAL-DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH BUPROPION IN 3 PATIENTS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID DELIRIUM AB Bupropion hydrochloride is a phenylaminoketone antidepressant whose clinical pharmacology is poorly understood. Part of bupropion's action may be attributed to inhibition of dopamine reuptake that may induce organic mental disorders in certain susceptible patients. We report three cases of organic mental disorders in patients receiving bupropion hydrochloride for treatment of the depressed phase of their bipolar-type mood instability. The organic mental disorders that occurred in these patients were characterized largely by visual disturbances-visual hallucinations and visual illusions-although one patient also experienced auditory hallucinations. The patients' use of concomitant medications and potential drug interactions are carefully evaluated and the literature on bupropion's ability to induce organic mental disorders is reviewed. We suggest a number of possible mediating mechanisms for these syndromes including dose-related dopaminergic augmentation, accumulation of toxic metabolics, predisposition to psychosis, and drug interactions. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR B-151H,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU NIMH NIH HHS [T32MH17140] NR 12 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD FEB PY 1992 VL 53 IS 2 BP 53 EP 55 PG 3 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA HH967 UT WOS:A1992HH96700004 PM 1541606 ER PT J AU CHUANG, TY HEINRICH, LA SCHULTZ, MD REIZNER, GT KUMM, RC CRIPPS, DJ AF CHUANG, TY HEINRICH, LA SCHULTZ, MD REIZNER, GT KUMM, RC CRIPPS, DJ TI PUVA AND SKIN-CANCER - A HISTORICAL COHORT STUDY ON 492 PATIENTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY; 8-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; POPULATION-BASED INCIDENCE; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; CUTANEOUS CARCINOMA; ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; PSORIASIS; TUMORS; METHOXSALEN; PSORALENS AB Background: The safety of psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) light therapy has been an issue of debate. A few multiple-center cooperative studies have reported an increase of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas among PUVA-treated patients. In our institute, more than 1000 patients have been treated with PUVA since 1975. Objective: We investigated the incidence of skin cancer among patients who received high doses of PUVA to see whether such incidence increased. Methods: This is a historical cohort study of two comparison groups of patients. Subjects under study were 492 psoriasis patients who received PUVA treatments between 1975 and 1989. One group of 103 patients; defined as the high-dose group, received an accumulated PUVA dose of 1000 joules/cm2 or more; another group of 389 patients, as the low-dose group, received 200 joules/cm2 or less. The occurrence of skin cancer in the two comparison groups is analyzed. Results: In the high-dose group we observed an increased number of patients with squamous cell carcinoma, keratoacanthoma, and actinic keratosis. We did not see any patients with genital cancer, melanoma, or an increased number of patients with basal cell carcinoma. Conclusion: The risk of squamous cell carcinoma developing in patients who received a high dose of PUVA is confirmed. We speculate a combination of factors, including PUVA, may contribute to this risk. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,DERMATOL SECT,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,DIV DERMATOL,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NIADDK NIH HHS [AM09995] NR 29 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 26 IS 2 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.1016/0190-9622(92)70021-7 PN 1 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA HB885 UT WOS:A1992HB88500003 PM 1552048 ER PT J AU YOSHIKAWA, TT AF YOSHIKAWA, TT TI TUBERCULOSIS IN AGING ADULTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID SHORT-COURSE CHEMOTHERAPY; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS; ELDERLY PATIENTS; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASES; NURSING-HOME; DELAYED-HYPERSENSITIVITY; JOINT TUBERCULOSIS RP YOSHIKAWA, TT (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OFF GERIATR & EXTENDED CARE 114,810 VERMONT AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20420, USA. NR 153 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP 178 EP 187 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA HC685 UT WOS:A1992HC68500014 PM 1740604 ER PT J AU SCURFIELD, RM TICE, SN AF SCURFIELD, RM TICE, SN TI INTERVENTIONS WITH MEDICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC EVACUEES AND THEIR FAMILIES - FROM VIETNAM THROUGH THE GULF WAR SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Clinical, milieu, and patient management psycho-social interventions are identified and discussed concerning medical and psychiatric evacuees from a war zone. The acute psychological state of evacuees, specific areas of inquiry from the onset of becoming a casualty through initial hospitalization stateside, and interventions to address psychological aspects of being wounded or a psychiatric evacuee are highlighted. Issues and dynamics to address with the families, to include clinical experiences with families of Vietnam, Panama, and Gulf War military returnees are described, as well as specific risk factors for Operation Desert Storm families and personnel. Distinctive stressors faced by women, national guard and reserves, and ethnic minority personnel in Operation Desert Storm are identified. Finally, complications and recommendations concerning the appropriate diagnoses for psychiatric evacuees, and the stressors faced by the health care provider, are presented. Specific recommendations by veterans who themselves were evacuated from Vietnam are described in the veterans' own words. RP SCURFIELD, RM (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,PACIFIC CTR PTSD & OTHER WAR RELATED DISORDERS,300 ALA MOANA BLVD,HONOLULU,HI 96850, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 157 IS 2 BP 88 EP 97 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HC531 UT WOS:A1992HC53100015 PM 1603393 ER PT J AU COULL, BM LEVINE, SR BREY, RL AF COULL, BM LEVINE, SR BREY, RL TI THE ROLE OF ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES IN STROKE SO NEUROLOGIC CLINICS LA English DT Review ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ANTI-CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACKS; HEALTHY ELDERLY POPULATION; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; PROTEIN-C ACTIVATION; ANTICARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES; SNEDDONS SYNDROME; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. HENRY FORD HOSP,DEPT NEUROL,CTR STROKE RES,CLIN STROKE SERV,DETROIT,MI 48202. HENRY FORD HOSP,DEPT NEUROL,CTR STROKE RES,ACUTE STROKE UNIT,DETROIT,MI 48202. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48104. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP COULL, BM (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT NEUROL,L-226,3181 SW SAM JACKSON PK DR,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [2P01 NS17493-08] NR 140 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0733-8619 J9 NEUROL CLIN JI Neurol. Clin. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 10 IS 1 BP 125 EP 143 PG 19 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA HD662 UT WOS:A1992HD66200008 PM 1556999 ER PT J AU GORMAN, DG BENSON, DF VOGEL, DG VINTERS, HV AF GORMAN, DG BENSON, DF VOGEL, DG VINTERS, HV TI CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE IN A PATHOLOGIST SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Note C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 6 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD FEB PY 1992 VL 42 IS 2 BP 463 EP 463 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA HD792 UT WOS:A1992HD79200046 PM 1736189 ER PT J AU VANDEKAR, LD BONADONNA, AM RITTENHOUSE, PA KERR, JE LEVY, AD IYER, L HERBERT, GB SANZ, MCA LENT, SJ CARNES, M AF VANDEKAR, LD BONADONNA, AM RITTENHOUSE, PA KERR, JE LEVY, AD IYER, L HERBERT, GB SANZ, MCA LENT, SJ CARNES, M TI PRIOR CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO COCAINE INHIBITS THE SEROTONERGIC STIMULATION OF ACTH AND SECRETION OF CORTICOSTERONE SO NEUROPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COCAINE; ACTH; CORTICOSTERONE; 5-HT; PARA-CHLOROAMPHETAMINE; 5-HT RECEPTORS; 5-HT UPTAKE ID PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; RECEPTOR SUBTYPE; BRAIN-SEROTONIN; RAT; NEURONS; CORTICOTROPIN; ACTIVATION; AGONISTS; RENIN; MECHANISM AB The effect of long-term pretreatment with cocaine on serotonergic regulation of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone; corticotropin) and secretion of corticosterone in rats was investigated. The following observations were made: (1) Pretreatment with cocaine had no significant effect on basal levels of ACTH and corticosterone in plasma. However, cocaine caused a reduction in the ability of the 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine, serotonin) releaser p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) to increase corticosterone in plasma, 42 hr after the last injection of cocaine. (2) Exposure to cocaine for 7 days was sufficient to produce a maximal inhibition of the PCA-induced increase in ACTH in plasma. (3) The inhibitory effect of cocaine on PCA-induced release of ACTH was more marked than on corticosterone. (4) Conversely, the dose-dependent stimulatory effect of two 5-HT1 agonists, RU 24969 (5-methoxy-3-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl)-1H-indole) and m-CPP (m-chlorophenylpiperazine), on ACTH and corticosterone was not reduced by 7 days of exposure to cocaine. Taken together, these findings indicate that pretreatment with cocaine reduced the function of serotonergic nerve-terminals but not postsynaptic receptors, that stimulate ACTH and secretion of corticosterone. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GERIATR SECT,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53705. RP VANDEKAR, LD (reprint author), LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,2160 S 1ST AVE,MAYWOOD,IL 60153, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA04865]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH45812] NR 40 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0028-3908 J9 NEUROPHARMACOLOGY JI Neuropharmacology PD FEB PY 1992 VL 31 IS 2 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0028-3908(92)90028-N PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HD051 UT WOS:A1992HD05100011 PM 1313159 ER EF