FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Farber, NJ Berger, MS Davis, EB Weiner, J Boyer, EG Ubel, PA AF Farber, NJ Berger, MS Davis, EB Weiner, J Boyer, EG Ubel, PA TI Confidentiality and health insurance fraud SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 02-04, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Soc Gen Internal Med ID INFORMATION; PHYSICIANS AB Background: Health insurance fraud committed by patients may be an increasing problem given the number of underinsured and uninsured people in the United States. Physicians recognizing acts of health insurance fraud perpetrated by patients face an ethical dilemma: should they disclose the incident to the insurance company, or protect patient confidentiality? Objective: To explore physicians' attitudes toward the reporting of patient-initiated health insurance fraud. Methods: Three hundred seven physician members of the American College of Physicians returned a mailed questionnaire that presented 6 case vignettes (3 variables) of patients who used a relative's insurance to obtain health care in the past. For each vignette, respondents were asked whether the treating physician should report insurance fraud to the health insurance carrier. Results: Sixty-three respondents (20.7%) indicated that physicians should report all the patients presented in the vignettes, while 45 (14.8%) indicated none should be reported; the rest indicated that the decisions to report should be based on the characteristics presented, with acute vs terminal illness (P<.001), history of fraud (P<.001), and wealth of the patient (P<.001) all causing physicians to be more likely to report the patient to the health insurance carrier. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that type of practice (P=.04) and respondents' experiences with insurance fraud (P=.03) had significant effects on the willingness to report patients. Conclusions: Physicians are divided about whether to report patients who have committed insurance fraud. Their decisions to report insurance fraud are influenced by their attitudes and demographic features, as well as by patient factors. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,HEMATOL ONCOL SECT,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. DREXEL UNIV,DEPT MANAGEMENT,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Farber, NJ (reprint author), ALLEGHENY UNIV HLTH SCI,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 157 IS 5 BP 501 EP 504 DI 10.1001/archinte.157.5.501 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WL862 UT WOS:A1997WL86200006 PM 9066453 ER PT J AU Glassman, PA Kravitz, RL Petersen, LP Rolph, JE AF Glassman, PA Kravitz, RL Petersen, LP Rolph, JE TI Differences in clinical decision making between internists and cardiologists SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; PHYSICIANS; CARE; UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT; ATTITUDES; OUTCOMES; JUDGMENT; PATIENT; RISK AB Background: Whether cardiologists or internists use discretionary tests differently for noncritical cardiological presentations is unclear. Objective: To explore differences in decision making for 3 common scenarios. Methods: We asked 318 cardiologists and 598 internists to manage scenario patients presenting with (1) uncomplicated syncope, (2) nonanginal chest pain, and (3) nonspecific electrocardiographic changes. Participants also estimated baseline clinical risk for each scenario and answered questions on uncertainty, malpractice concerns, and cost consciousness. We used chi(2) analysis, analysis of variance, and t tests to compare management choice and test ordering. Response rate was 50%. Results: Initial management choices (ie, admit or discharge, allow or delay surgery) were similar but subsequent testing differed substantially. For a 50-year-old woman with uncomplicated syncope, cardiologists more often recommended cardiological tests such as exercise treadmill tests (37% vs 18%, 95% confidence interval [CI] for difference: 10%-28%) and signal-averaged electrocardiograms (13% vs 4%, 95%, CI for difference: 3%-15%) but less often requested neurological tests (29% vs 37%, 95% CI for difference: -17% to 1%). For a 42-year-old man with nonanginal chest pain, cardiologists more frequently ordered exercise tests (70% vs 51%, 95% CI for difference: 10%-28%). For a 53-year-old woman with nonspecific electrocardiographic changes, equal proportions of cardiologists and internists ordered exercise tests (56%) but cardiologists recommended thallium studies more often (73% vs 47%, 95% CI for difference: 10%-36%). For all scenarios, average charges for diagnostic evaluations by cardiologists and internists were similar, Conclusions: In 3 noncritical cardiology scenarios, discretionary test use by cardiologists and internists differed substantially, although this was not reflected in dollar resources. Internists tended toward a broader diagnostic evaluation while cardiologists tended to focus on cardiological tests. The potential effect on clinical outcomes is unknown. C1 RAND CORP, SANTA MONICA, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH PUBL HLTH, DEPT HLTH SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT MED, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS, CTR HLTH SERV RES PRIMARY CARE, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. UNIV SO CALIF, SCH BUSINESS ADM, LOS ANGELES, CA 90089 USA. RP Glassman, PA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DIV GEN INTERNAL MED 111G, DEPT MED, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. OI Kravitz, Richard/0000-0001-5575-529X NR 24 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 157 IS 5 BP 506 EP 512 DI 10.1001/archinte.157.5.506 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WL862 UT WOS:A1997WL86200007 PM 9066454 ER PT J AU Deutsch, JC AF Deutsch, JC TI Determination of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, p-hydroxyphenyllactate and tyrosine in normal human plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry isotope-dilution assay SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article DE p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate; p-hydroxyphenyllactate; tyrosine ID PHENYLPYRUVIC ACID; URINE AB The synthesis and purification of [C-13(2)]p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid from [C-13]p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, the characterization of tert.-butyldimethylsilyl-derivatized tyrosine, p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid and p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, and an isotope-dilution assay for these substances in normal human plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are described. Using this method plasma p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, p-hydroxyphenyllactate and tyrosine levels of 68+/-42 ng/ml, 118+/-45 ng/ml and 16.6+/-6.3 mu g/ml, respectively, were found in 9 normal adults. isotope-dilution assays are sensitive enough to determine tyrosine, p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and p-hydroxyphenyllactate content in normal subjects, and may be useful for studying disorders of tyrosine metabolism, including inborn errors of metabolism, liver disease and ascorbic acid deficiencies. C1 DENVER VET AFFAIRS HOSP,DIV GASTROENTEROL & HEPATOL,DENVER,CO 80220. RP Deutsch, JC (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL & HEPATOL,4200 E 9TH AVE,CAMPUS BOX B-170,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD MAR 7 PY 1997 VL 690 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(96)00411-2 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA WV315 UT WOS:A1997WV31500001 PM 9106023 ER PT J AU Montgomery, RB Moscatello, DK Wong, AJ Stahl, WL AF Montgomery, RB Moscatello, DK Wong, AJ Stahl, WL TI Epidermal growth factor receptor stimulation of diacylglycerol kinase SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BRAIN-TUMORS; ACYL-CHAIN-LENGTH; PHOSPHATIDIC-ACID; PHOSPHOLIPASE-D; LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID; A431 CELLS; PROTEIN; INHIBITION; ACTIVATION; RAS AB The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activates formation of the phospholipid signal messenger phosphatidic acid (PA) on ligand binding. We explored the effects of chronic EGF stimulation on cellular PA in NIH3T3 cells expressing intact EGFR a mutant EGFR (EGFRvIII). The presence of EGFRvIII increased PA levels to twice those induced by chronic EGFR activation. Fatty acid methyl ester analysis revealed a marked increase in oleic acid containing PA. No apparent increase in phospholipase D (PLD) activity was detected, and diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase assays demonstrated a marked preference for dioleoyl DAG in the presence of activated EGFR or EGFRvIII. Levels of PA which were lower than would be predicted by DAC; kinase activation are explained by increased phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity, Specific inhibitors of EGFR kinase and DAG kinase suppressed DAG kinase activation and PA production by EGFRvIII. EGFR kinase activation by chronic exposure to ligand or by deletional mutation stimulates formation of a specific form of signalling PA. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,KIMMEL CANC CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 60782-02] NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 6 PY 1997 VL 232 IS 1 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6237 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA WN213 UT WOS:A1997WN21300023 PM 9125112 ER PT J AU Schneider, NG Jacob, P Nilsson, F Leischow, SJ Benowitz, NL Olmstead, RE AF Schneider, NG Jacob, P Nilsson, F Leischow, SJ Benowitz, NL Olmstead, RE TI Saliva cotinine levels as a function of collection method SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO-SMOKING; NICOTINE; NONSMOKERS; SMOKERS AB Saliva cotinine is commonly wed to estimate nicotine intake but laboratories use different methods of collection. In three small trials, comparisons were made between (1) sugar vs. unstimulated saliva production (n=29), (2) wax chewing vs. unstimulated production (n=15) and (3) between two consecutive unstimulated saliva samples (n=10). Sugar-stimulated saliva continine scores were 26% below unstimulated levels (p<0.001); correlation between measures was high (r=0.90; p<0.001). Wax stimulated saliva yielded levels 6% below unstimulated (p<0.05; correlation: r=0.98; p<0.001). No differences were observed between two unstimulated samples taken within a similar to 20-minute period (correlation: r=0.99; p<0.001). It is postulated that changes in salivary flow can account far the findings. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94110. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC,HELSINGBORG,SWEDEN. UNIV ARIZONA,ARIZONA PREVENT CTR,TUCSON,AZ. RP Schneider, NG (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD T350,69-B151D,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA01696, DA08885, DA02277] NR 14 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD MAR PY 1997 VL 92 IS 3 BP 347 EP 351 DI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1997.tb03204.x PG 5 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA WP377 UT WOS:A1997WP37700010 PM 9219396 ER PT J AU Ullian, ME Islam, MM Robinson, CJ Fitzgibbon, WR Tobin, ET Paul, RV AF Ullian, ME Islam, MM Robinson, CJ Fitzgibbon, WR Tobin, ET Paul, RV TI Resistance to mineralocorticoids in Wistar-Furth rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypertension; glucocorticoids; vasculature; kidneys; vasoconstrictors ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; ANGIOTENSIN-II RECEPTORS; DOCA-SALT HYPERTENSION; DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE ACETATE; ALDOSTERONE; ARTERIES; VASOPRESSIN; BINDING; KIDNEY; NOREPINEPHRINE AB Wistar-Furth rats (WF) do not develop hypertension when treated with salt and mineralocorticoids and therefore may be useful for investigating the mechanisms of mineralocorticoid action and hypertension. In the present studies, we determined vascular and renal responses of WF to mineralocorticoids. Control Wistar rats (W) developed deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-NaCl and dexamethasone hypertension, whereas WF rats developed dexamethasone hypertension only. Aldosterone treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells cultured from WF resulted in 82% less upregulation of angiotensin II radioligand binding, 50% less induction of angiotensin IIAT(1a) receptor mRNA, and 76% less potentiation of angiotensin II-stimulated inositol phosphates than did aldosterone treatment of cells from W. Similarly, DOCA-NaCl potentiated angiotensin II- and phenylephrine-stimulated contractions in aortic rings from W but not from WF. Although DOCA-NaCl treatment affected hypokalemia to an equal degree in WF and W, increases in renal citrate synthase activity (a specific renal mineralocorticoid response) were greater in W than in WF. WF manifest a partial defect in mineralocorticoid responsiveness in vascular smooth muscle and, possibly, in the kidney. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Ullian, ME (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Clin Sci Bldg 829,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 272 IS 3 BP H1454 EP H1461 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA WP598 UT WOS:A1997WP59800049 ER PT J AU Barrachina, MD Martinez, V Wei, JY Tache, Y AF Barrachina, MD Martinez, V Wei, JY Tache, Y TI Leptin-induced decrease in food intake is not associated with changes in gastric emptying in lean mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sprague-Dawley rat; ob protein; feeding; obesity ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; OBESE GENE-PRODUCT; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; BODY-WEIGHT; OB PROTEIN; CHOLECYSTOKININ; MOUSE; EXPRESSION; BEHAVIOR; CLONING AB Chronic treatment with leptin regulates body weight and energy balance and reduces food intake in obese and lean mice. In 18- to 20-h fasted lean mice (C57BL/6, +/+), we examined the acute effect of a single intraperitoneal injection of recombinant mouse leptin (0.12 mg/kg) on food intake and gastric emptying. Leptin reduced food intake, with a peak inhibition at the 5th h postinjection (69 +/- 12%/h), although there was no change in food consumption at the Ist h. Leptin did not alter the 4-h rate of gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal (free access to Purina chow for either 1-, 2-, or 4-h period). In normal Sprague-Dawley rats fasted for 18-20 h, a single intraperitoneal injection of recombinant mouse leptin (0.2 or 1.2 mg/kg) did not modify the 7-h cumulative or hourly food intake. These results show that a single intraperitoneal injection of recombinant mouse leptin reduces food intake within 5 h while not influencing gastric emptying of ingested food in lean mice. Sprague-Dawley rats are unresponsive to the food intake-reducing effect of a single intraperitoneal injection of mouse leptin at a dose 10-fold higher than that shown to be effective in mice within the first 4-7 h postinjection. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, INST BRAIN RES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. RP Barrachina, MD (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, BLDG 115, RM 203, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 NR 31 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 272 IS 3 BP R1007 EP R1011 PG 5 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA WP360 UT WOS:A1997WP36000035 ER PT J AU Hagarty, EM Skorodin, MS Langbein, WE Hultman, CI Jessen, JA Maki, KC AF Hagarty, EM Skorodin, MS Langbein, WE Hultman, CI Jessen, JA Maki, KC TI Comparison of three oxygen delivery systems during exercise in hypoxemic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NASAL CANNULA; LUNG-DISEASE; THERAPY; REST; AIR; LIMITATION AB Oxygen therapy improves submaximal exercise tolerance in hypoxemic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study compared the standard nasal cannula, reservoir nasal cannula, and a demand flow device in 15 male hypoxemic patients with COPD. On six separate occasions each subject used, in a randomized order, all three systems while completing incremental cycle ergometry and a test circuit composed of tasks that simulate activities of daily living. Oxygen flow required during exercise was 1.8 +/- 0.9 and 2.8 +/- 0.7 L/min for reservoir nasal cannula and standard nasal cannula use, respectively (p < 0.0001). The effect of the three oxygen delivery systems on oxygen saturation (Spo(2)) during the last 30 s of exercise varied with type of activity. Only during demand flow device use while undressing and dressing was the subjects' Spo(2) (90 +/- 3%) significantly lower (p = 0.019). There was a trend toward lower Spo(2) with the demand flow device (p = 0.103) during arm work above shoulder level. Although not statistically significant, reservoir nasal cannula use resulted in consistently lower tidal volume and minute ventilation during test circuit activities. Exercise tolerance was not significantly different between the three oxygen delivery systems. RP Hagarty, EM (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,RN 111N,BLDG 1,ROOM D450,HINES,IL 60141, USA. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 155 IS 3 BP 893 EP 898 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA WN857 UT WOS:A1997WN85700019 PM 9117023 ER PT J AU Conhaim, RL McGrath, AM Cooler, SD DeAngeles, DA Myers, GA Harms, BA AF Conhaim, RL McGrath, AM Cooler, SD DeAngeles, DA Myers, GA Harms, BA TI Lung lymph oncotic pressure may not modulate pulmonary vascular filtration in sheep SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FLUID BALANCE; AWAKE SHEEP; HYPOPROTEINEMIA; MEMBRANES; TRANSPORT; EXCHANGE; NODES AB We tested the hypothesis that the plasma oncotic pressure alone, not the plasma-to-lymph oncotic pressure difference, modulates pulmonary transvascular fluid filtration. To do this we measured lung lymph flow after raising left atrial pressure (by inflating a balloon) in sheep that were receiving a continuous (32 h) infusion of dextran 40. For comparison, we also raised left atrial pressure in the same sheep before they received dextran (controls). Before left atrial pressure elevation, plasma oncotic pressures in dextran and control sheep, respectively, were 39.5 +/- 4.5 and 17.6 +/- 2.2 mm Hg; plasma-to-lymph oncotic pressure gradients, respectively, were 4.4 +/- 0.6 and 4.4 +/- 0.6 mm Hg. Left atrial pressure elevation during dextran infusion increased lung lymph flow by a factor of 2.4 +/- 0.4, compared with a factor of 4.2 +/- 2.3 in control sheep. Thus, left atrial pressure elevation increased lymph flow less in dextran-treated animals than in control animals, even though the plasma-to-lymph oncotic pressure gradients were equal. This suggests that plasma oncotic pressure alone may be a more important determinant of pulmonary transvascular fluid filtration than the plasma-to-lymph oncotic pressure difference. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI. RP Conhaim, RL (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT SURG,B-7112A,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 46236] NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 155 IS 3 BP 971 EP 977 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA WN857 UT WOS:A1997WN85700030 PM 9117034 ER PT J AU Pisarello, JB Flores, D Jackson, RM AF Pisarello, JB Flores, D Jackson, RM TI Effects of hypoxia and hyperoxia on lung prostaglandin E(1) metabolism SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE hypoxia adaptation; oxygen toxicity; prostaglandin E(1); prostaglandin dehydrogenase; isolated perfused lungs ID RAT LUNGS; OXYGEN; EXPOSURE; DEPRESSION; INHIBITION AB Exposure to hypoxia (10% O-2 for 5 to 7 days) results in increased survival and decreased pulmonary toxicity of adult rats subsequently exposed to hyperoxia (>97% O-2), These experiments tested whether hypoxia preexposure minimized the decrease in lung metabolism of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)), a vasoactive and antiinflammatory prostaglandin, caused by hyperoxia, Transpulmonary PGE(1) clearance was measured as fractional metabolism of PGE(1) (2 mu M to 30 mu M) infused during a 45-second period in an isolated, buffer-perfused rat lung preparation after exposure of rats to one of the following conditions: (1) hyperoxia (>97% O-2 for 48 hours), (2) hypoxia (10% O-2 for 120 hours), or (3) hypoxia followed by hyperoxia, Hyperoxia exposure decreased both lung PGE(1) metabolism and lung prostaglandin dehydrogenase activity (PGDH), Hypoxia also decreased lung PGE(1) metabolism but, in contrast, increased lung PGDH activity, Hypoxia preexposure did not prevent the depression of PGE(1) metabolism or PGDH activity caused by hyperoxia, which indicates that survival in hyperoxia did not depend on lung PGE(1) metabolism, Hypoxia itself impaired transpulmonary metabolism of PGE(1) despite increasing PGDH activity, which suggests possible interference with substrate delivery. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,INST ENVIRONM MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. BIRMINGHAM VA MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 313 IS 3 BP 147 EP 152 DI 10.1097/00000441-199703000-00004 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WM931 UT WOS:A1997WM93100004 PM 9075431 ER PT J AU Bush, RK Sanchez, H AF Bush, RK Sanchez, H TI In vitro synthesis of Alternaria allergens and their recognition by murine monoclonal and human IgE antibodies SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; EXPRESSION; CLONING; BINDING AB Background: Allergic reactions to fungal allergens, including Alternaria, are common clinical problems. Reagents used for diagnosis and therapy of fungal allergy are complex and variable mixtures. Standardized reagents are difficult to achieve due to batch to batch variability in these biologic products, Although several Alternaria allergens have been isolated, their production by current methods is laborious. The introduction of molecular biology into allergy research has led to the molecular cloning of several allergens which may culminate in improved methods of treatment. Objective: This report describes the development of techniques that will lead to the molecular cloning of Alternaria allergens. Methods: We isolated the poly (A)(+)-messenger RNA from Alternaria, produced proteins in vitro and probed them for binding to murine monoclonal antibodies directed against Alternaria. In addition, we examined the ability of the translated proteins to bind IgE from the sera of Alternaria-sensitive individuals. Results: We synthesized at least 20 proteins ranging in molecular weight from 2 to 90 kD using in vitro techniques. The translated proteins were detected by both murine monoclonal and human IgE antibodies. Conclusions: Alternaria allergens can be synthesized in vitro by molecular biology techniques. Such techniques will be used in the development of cDNA libraries for the production of Alternaria allergens by recombinant DNA methods. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. RP Bush, RK (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 78 IS 3 BP 287 EP 292 PG 6 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WP184 UT WOS:A1997WP18400008 PM 9087154 ER PT J AU Cook, DJ Mulrow, CD Haynes, RB AF Cook, DJ Mulrow, CD Haynes, RB TI Systematic reviews: Synthesis of best evidence for clinical decisions SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIALS; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; SELECTIVE DECONTAMINATION; DIGESTIVE-TRACT; HEALTH-CARE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; USERS GUIDES; METAANALYSIS; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Systematic reviews can help practitioners keep abreast of the medical literature by summarizing large bodies of evidence and helping to explain differences among studies on the same question. A systematic review involves the application of scientific strategies, in ways that limit bias, to the assembly, critical appraisal, and synthesis of all relevant studies that address a specific clinical question. A meta-analysis is a type of systematic review that uses statistical methods to combine and summarize the results of several primary studies. Because the review process itself (like any other type of research) is subject to bias, a useful review requires clear reporting of information obtained using rigorous methods. Used increasingly to inform medical decision making, plan future research agendas, and establish clinical policy, systematic reviews may strengthen the link between best research evidence and optimal health care. C1 MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,HLTH INFORMAT RES UNIT,MED CTR,HAMILTON,ON L8N 3Z5,CANADA. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. OI Haynes, Robert Brian/0000-0002-1453-3196 NR 44 TC 634 Z9 678 U1 3 U2 49 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 5 BP 376 EP 380 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WL104 UT WOS:A1997WL10400006 PM 9054282 ER PT J AU Mulrow, CD Cook, DJ Davidoff, F AF Mulrow, CD Cook, DJ Davidoff, F TI Systematic reviews: Critical links in the great chain of evidence SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ST JOSEPHS HOSP,HAMILTON,ON L8N 4A6,CANADA. RP Mulrow, CD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 11 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 5 BP 389 EP 391 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WL104 UT WOS:A1997WL10400008 PM 9054284 ER PT J AU Stiens, SA Bergman, SB Goetz, LL AF Stiens, SA Bergman, SB Goetz, LL TI Neurogenic bowel dysfunction after spinal cord injury: Clinical evaluation and rehabilitative management SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Review ID COLONIC TRANSIT-TIME; DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE; ANTEGRADE CONTINENCE ENEMA; ANORECTAL FUNCTION; GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT; COLORECTAL-CANCER; FECAL IMPACTION; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; DIETARY FIBER; CONSTIPATION AB Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) is one of many impairments that result from spinal cord injury (SCI), The experience of persons with SCI reveals that the risk and occurrence of fecal incontinence and difficulty with evacuation are particularly significant life-limiting problems, This review relates the anatomy and physiology of colon function to the specific pathophysiology that detracts from the quality of life of persons after SCI, There are two patterns of NBD after SCI: the upper motor neuron bowel, which results from a spinal cord lesion above the sacral level, and the lower motor neuron bowel, which results from a lesion to the sacral spinal cord, roots, or peripheral nerve innervation of the colon, Rehabilitation evaluation consists of a comprehensive history and examination to define impairments, disabilities, and handicaps pertinent to NBD. Rehabilitation goals include continence of stool, simple willful independent defecation, and prevention of gastrointestinal complications, Intervention consists of derivation and implementation of an individualized person-centered bowel program, which may include diet, oral/rectal medications, equipment, and scheduling of bowel care. Bowel care is a procedure devised to initiate defecation and accomplish fecal evacuation, Digital-rectal stimulation is a technique utilized during bowel care to open the anal sphincter and facilitate reflex peristalsis. Recent advances in rehabilitation practices, equipment, pharmacology, and surgery have offered patients new bowel program alternatives, Interdisciplinary development of solutions for problems of NBD are evolving rapidly. (C) 1997 by the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 MED CTR,NEW ENGLAND REG SPINAL CORD INJURY CTR,BOSTON,MA 02118. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA 98108. RP Stiens, SA (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 129 TC 84 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 78 IS 3 SU S BP S86 EP S102 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90416-0 PG 17 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA WN778 UT WOS:A1997WN77800012 PM 9084372 ER PT J AU Schumacher, HR Williams, WV AF Schumacher, HR Williams, WV TI Reactive or septic arthritis? Reply SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Letter ID INTRACELLULAR LOCATION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CELLS RP Schumacher, HR (reprint author), UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 40 IS 3 BP 593 EP 593 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA WN158 UT WOS:A1997WN15800036 ER PT J AU Stroe, AE Amin, F Hashmi, A Densmore, D Kahn, T Knott, PJ AF Stroe, AE Amin, F Hashmi, A Densmore, D Kahn, T Knott, PJ TI Diurnal variation in plasma homovanillic acid: Not a renal phenomenon SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE dopamine; homovanillic acid; 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; brain; diurnal; renal; plasma ID SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; CLEARANCE C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY. RP Stroe, AE (reprint author), HOUSTON VA MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,2002 HOLCOMBE,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 41 IS 5 BP 621 EP 623 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00526-4 PG 3 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA WJ536 UT WOS:A1997WJ53600014 PM 9046995 ER PT J AU Dougherty, GG AF Dougherty, GG TI Estimation of common linear functional relationships in k data sets SO BIOMETRIKA LA English DT Article DE common space; event-related potential; linear functional relationship; maximum likelihood; measurement error AB This paper studies a functional-type linear measurement-error model, in which k data sets of observations are assumed to have in common a set of linear restrictions on their respective unobservable constant vectors. Each data set consists of replicated measurements of each one of several, generally unequal, constant vectors, with normal error assumed independent for each measurement made. The error covariance matrices are unspecified, and are equal for measurements within a data set but in general unequal among the data sets. This work generalises the results of Anderson (1951, 1984), who derived maximum likelihood estimators for the constant vectors and error covariance matrix of a single such data set. The model recalls the common-space analysis described by Flury (1987; 1988, pp. 131-4), but differs by the presence of a fixed effects subspace. Maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters requires special numerical methods. An example from electroencephalography is;used to introduce and illustrate the method. RP Dougherty, GG (reprint author), VA PITTSBURGH HLTH CARE SYST,HIGHLAND DR DIV,7180 HIGHLAND DR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15206, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMETRIKA TRUST PI LONDON PA UNIV COLLEGE LONDON GOWER ST-BIOMETRIKA OFFICE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1E 6BT SN 0006-3444 J9 BIOMETRIKA JI Biometrika PD MAR PY 1997 VL 84 IS 1 BP 103 EP 110 DI 10.1093/biomet/84.1.103 PG 8 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA WT082 UT WOS:A1997WT08200009 ER PT J AU Cummings, JL AF Cummings, JL TI Neuropsychiatric manifestations of right hemisphere lesions SO BRAIN AND LANGUAGE LA English DT Article ID BRAIN INJURY; CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS; VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS; SECONDARY MANIA; PANIC DISORDER; MOOD DISORDERS; STROKE; DEPRESSION; PSYCHOSIS; LOCATION AB A wide variety of neuropsychiatric syndromes are associated with right brain dysfunction, including mania, depression, psychosis, hallucinations, personality changes, anxiety, dissociative states, and altered sexual behavior. This review summarizes the anatomic relationships reported between specific neuropsychiatric syndromes and localized right brain lesions. Information is derived from individual case studies and case series. Most neuropsychiatric syndromes are found to be associated with damage to the limbic system. Disruption of body schema and interpersonal functions mediated primarily by the right hemisphere contributes to the neurpopsychiatric disability associated with right hemisphere injury. Nonlesion biologic and sociocultural influences including a family history of psychiatric disorder, personal psychiatric history, and the presence of cerebral atrophy increase the vulnerability to neuropsychiatric morbidity following right brain damage. Investigation of the secondary neuropsychiatric disorders occurring with right brain dysfunction contributes to understanding the pathophysiology of idiopathic psychiatric syndromes. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT NEUROL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Cummings, JL (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, NEUROBEHAV UNIT 116AF, NEUROSCI SECT, PSYCHIAT SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 82 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0093-934X J9 BRAIN LANG JI Brain Lang. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 57 IS 1 BP 22 EP 37 DI 10.1006/brln.1997.1832 PG 16 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA WN542 UT WOS:A1997WN54200003 PM 9126405 ER PT J AU Ma, TS AF Ma, TS TI Reliability of polymerase chain reaction in diagnosis of mycobacterial infection SO CHEST LA English DT Letter C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP Ma, TS (reprint author), HOUSTON VAMC,2002 HOLCOMB BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 1997 VL 111 IS 3 BP 832 EP 832 DI 10.1378/chest.111.3.832-a PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA WM946 UT WOS:A1997WM94600055 ER PT J AU Musher, DM Groover, JE Reichler, MR Riedo, FX Schwartz, B Watson, DA Baughn, RE Breiman, RF AF Musher, DM Groover, JE Reichler, MR Riedo, FX Schwartz, B Watson, DA Baughn, RE Breiman, RF TI Emergence of antibody to capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae during outbreaks of pneumonia: Association with nasopharyngeal colonization SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDE; VACCINE; INFECTIONS; SEROTYPES; CHILDREN; INFANTS; LIFE AB Antibody to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PPS) of Streptococcus pneumoniae plays a major role in protecting the host against pneumococcal infection. ii variable proportion of healthy adults have antibody to PPS, often in the absence of recognized pneumococcal infection. To determine whether exposure to pneumococci or colonization by pneumococci, or both, stimulates the emergence of antibody to PPS, we studied outbreaks of pneumonia at two military camps, Of the men who were present at a military training camp during an outbreak of pneumonia due to S. pneumoniae serotype 1 but who did not develop pneumonia, 27.8% had IgG antibody to PPS 1, whereas only 3.6% of controls had this antibody. In another outbreak caused by S. pneumoniae serotypes 7F and 8, 35.9% of asymptomatic soldiers who had nasopharyngeal colonization by one of these strains had antibody to the relevant PPS, and another 30.8% who originally did not have antibody developed it within 30 days; thus, 66.7% of these soldiers had antibody to the relevant PPS, These data show that serotype-specific antibody promptly appears following exposure to an outbreak of pneumococcal pneumonia and is probably mediated through acquisition of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,RES PATHOGENS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA. RP Musher, DM (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT 111G,MED SERV,ROOM 4B-370,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 26 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 24 IS 3 BP 441 EP 446 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WK382 UT WOS:A1997WK38200023 PM 9114197 ER PT J AU Brent, GA AF Brent, GA TI Maternal thyroid function: Interpretation of thyroid function tests in pregnancy SO CLINICAL OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPIN; THYROXINE; HORMONES RP Brent, GA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK43714] NR 20 TC 50 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0009-9201 J9 CLIN OBSTET GYNECOL JI Clin. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 40 IS 1 BP 3 EP 15 DI 10.1097/00003081-199703000-00004 PG 13 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA WP244 UT WOS:A1997WP24400002 PM 9103946 ER PT J AU Goodwin, TM Hershman, JM AF Goodwin, TM Hershman, JM TI Hyperthyroidism due to inappropriate production of human chorionic gonadotrophin SO CLINICAL OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT-THYROID CELLS; HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM; HYDATIDIFORM MOLE; TRANSIENT HYPERTHYROIDISM; GESTATIONAL THYROTOXICOSIS; THYROTROPIC ACTIVITY; STIMULATING ACTIVITY; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; NORMAL-PREGNANCY; TSH RECEPTOR C1 W LOS ANGELES VET ADM,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Goodwin, TM (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,ROOM 5K-40,1240 N MISSION RD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033, USA. NR 42 TC 47 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0009-9201 J9 CLIN OBSTET GYNECOL JI Clin. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 40 IS 1 BP 32 EP 44 DI 10.1097/00003081-199703000-00006 PG 13 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA WP244 UT WOS:A1997WP24400004 PM 9103948 ER PT J AU Luborsky, L McLellan, AT Diguer, L Woody, G Seligman, DA AF Luborsky, L McLellan, AT Diguer, L Woody, G Seligman, DA TI The psychotherapist matters: Comparison of outcomes across twenty-two therapists and seven patient samples SO CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE psychotherapy; psychotherapist; outcome; drug addiction; depression ID SUCCESS AB This research relies on a useful focus for finding the contribution of the psychotherapist to the outcome of the treatment: the outcomes of each therapist's caseload. Our data consist of 22 therapists' caseloads within seven samples of drug-addicted and depressed patients. We concluded that (a) there were important differences in the improvement levers and post-treatment outcomes of patient caseloads among the therapists sampled, and (b) there differences in improvement could not be explained by differences in patient background or severity. Some of the differences appeared to reflect the therapists' efficacy with their patients because (a) a unique feature of the design war that three therapists took part in more than one study and therefore more than one caseload; these three therapists showed a similar efficacy in each new caseload. (b) At this time, it may be that the safest basis for choosing therapists for research studies or for clinical purposes is their ''work sample'' record of efficacy with their previous caseloads. C1 UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV LAVAL,QUEBEC CITY,PQ G1K 7P4,CANADA. NR 37 TC 121 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 SN 0969-5893 J9 CLIN PSYCHOL-SCI PR JI Clin. Psychol.-Sci. Pract. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 4 IS 1 BP 53 EP 65 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA WJ274 UT WOS:A1997WJ27400006 ER PT J AU Park, IS Kiyomoto, H Abboud, SL Abboud, HE AF Park, IS Kiyomoto, H Abboud, SL Abboud, HE TI Expression of transforming growth factor-beta and type IV collagen in early streptozotocin-induced diabetes SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID LATENT TGF-BETA; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; MESANGIAL CELLS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MESSENGER-RNA; HIGH-GLUCOSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; BINDING-PROTEIN; NEPHROPATHY; INHIBITOR AB The earliest manifestations of type I diabetic nephropathy include mesangial matrix expansion, basement membrane thickening, and renal hypertrophy. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, a potent inducer of matrix protein synthesis, is a prime candidate to mediate the glomerular changes observed in diabetes. However, the temporal expression of TGF-beta and matrix proteins during the early stage of diabetic nephropathy has not been clearly defined. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we determined the expression of TGF-beta and type IV collagen mRNAs and proteins in glomeruli and interstitium of diabetic rats 3, 7, and 14 days after streptozotocin (STZ) administration. There was a marked increase in the expression of TGF-beta and alpha 1(IV) procollagen mRNAs in glomerular and tubulointerstitial cells as early as 3 days after induction of diabetes, an effect that persisted for 14 days. A concomitant increase in TGF-beta and type IV collagen proteins was also observed at each time point. Insulin treatment substantially inhibited the increased expression of TGF-beta and collagen type IV mRNAs and proteins. We conclude that TGF-beta is increased in glomeruli during the early phase of rapid renal growth in diabetes. These findings suggest that TGF-beta may be a key factor involved in the pathogenesis of basement membrane thickening and extracellular matrix accumulation. Inhibition of TGF-beta and type IV collagen expression by insulin treatment suggests that they may be useful structural markers for determining the efficacy of therapeutic intervention during early diabetic nephropathy. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, DIV NEPHROL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42306]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33665] NR 46 TC 149 Z9 165 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD MAR PY 1997 VL 46 IS 3 BP 473 EP 480 DI 10.2337/diabetes.46.3.473 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WK107 UT WOS:A1997WK10700021 PM 9032105 ER PT J AU Hunt, LM Valenzuela, MA Pugh, JA AF Hunt, LM Valenzuela, MA Pugh, JA TI NIDDM patients' fears and hopes about insulin therapy - The basis of patient reluctance SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID DIABETES-MELLITUS; WOMEN; IDDM AB OBJECTIVE - This study examines NIDDM patients' attitudes toward insulin injections, the basis of these attitudes, and how they may affect patients' willingness to rake insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Forty-four low-income Mexican American NIDDM patients were interviewed using open-ended in-depth interviewing techniques. Transcripts were analyzed using techniques of content analysis. Data classification was cross-checked in analysis conferences and through a second researcher coding 50% of the cases, comparing the results, then resolving any discrepancies. RESULTS - Patients' positive attitudes toward insulin focus on its efficacy and efficiency, the avoidance of complications, and feeling better and more energetic. Negative attitudes were much more frequently discussed and include ''technical concerns'': anxiety about the pain, proper techniques, and general hassles of taking injections; about hypoglycemic symptoms; and about insulin causing serious health problems; and ''experiential concerns'': sensing that the disease has progressed into a serious phase, that past treatment efforts hare failed, and that the patient has not taken proper care. Attitudes were based on personal experience, observation, what others say, and interactions with health care professionals. CONCLUSIONS - Results from the few published reports on NIDDM patients' attitudes about insulin from various cultural settings were consistent with our findings, indicating that these themes may be generally applicable to a wider population. it is recommended that health care providers take care to avoid unwitting promotion of negative attitudes toward insulin and actively elicit and respond to patient attitudes to reduce reluctance to take the medication. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS RES CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT SOCIAL SCI,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Hunt, LM (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH NURSING,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [1-UO1-HSO7397] NR 27 TC 195 Z9 198 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAR PY 1997 VL 20 IS 3 BP 292 EP 298 DI 10.2337/diacare.20.3.292 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WJ366 UT WOS:A1997WJ36600013 PM 9051375 ER PT J AU Glickerman, DJ Kim, MH Malik, R Lee, SP AF Glickerman, DJ Kim, MH Malik, R Lee, SP TI The gallbladder also secretes SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE gallbladder; secretion; epithelial transport ID CHOLESTEROL C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,DEPT MED,GASTROENTEROL SECT,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RI Lee, Sum Ping/C-4333-2009 NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 42 IS 3 BP 489 EP 491 DI 10.1023/A:1018826521600 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WP031 UT WOS:A1997WP03100003 PM 9073128 ER PT J AU Bagatell, CJ Bremner, WJ AF Bagatell, CJ Bremner, WJ TI Androgens and behavior in men and women SO ENDOCRINOLOGIST LA English DT Review ID PLASMA TESTOSTERONE LEVELS; HYPOGONADAL MEN; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; EXOGENOUS TESTOSTERONE; SERUM TESTOSTERONE; SURGICAL MENOPAUSE; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; EROTIC STIMULI AB A growing body of medical evidence substantiates the popular notion that androgens regulate several aspects of behavior in men; in addition, recent studies suggest that androgens modulate certain behaviors in women as well. In hypogonadal men, androgen replacement leads to improved libido and other behaviors, but erectile responses to erotic stimuli do not seem to be affected. Similarly, in normal men, suppression of endogenous androgens to very low levels leads to decreases in a variety of sexual behaviors. Sexual function, however, may be maintained with lower androgen levels than are required for other target tissues. Although higher androgen levels lead to increased aggressive behaviors in animals, this relationship is probably not in men. In women, correlations between levels of circulating androgens and sexual behaviors are variable. In some naturally menopausal women with decreased libido, androgen replacement may be effective when estrogen replacement has failed, but few studies have examined this question. In contrast, several studies suggest that in some surgically menopausal women, replacement of estrogen and androgens may lead to better psychological and sexual functioning than replacement of estrogen alone. However, more data are needed before this approach can be recommended to every surgically menopausal woman. RP Bagatell, CJ (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT MED,VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,1660 S COLUMBIAN WAY,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. NR 65 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1051-2144 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGIST JI Endocrinologist PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS 2 BP 97 EP 102 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WU090 UT WOS:A1997WU09000005 ER PT J AU Hecht, A Torbey, CF Korsmo, HA Olsen, WA AF Hecht, A Torbey, CF Korsmo, HA Olsen, WA TI Regulation of sucrase and lactase in developing rats: Role of nuclear factors that bind to two gene regulatory elements SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA; INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM; PHLORHIZIN HYDROLASE; IN-VITRO; ISOMALTASE; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; CDNA; PROMOTER; TISSUE AB Background & Aims: Sucrase-isomaltase and lactase-phlorizin hydrolase expressions change remarkably during postnatal development in rats. The aim of this study was to explore the role of trans-acting nuclear proteins, proteins that bind to the SIF1 cis-regulatory element of the sucrase-isomaltase gene and to the CE-LPH1 cis-regulatory element of the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene, in this regulation. Methods: Enzyme activity, Northern analysis, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays were used to study the relationship of these nuclear proteins to sucrase-isomaltase and lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene expression in vats during development. Results: A rapidly migrating low-molecular-weight SIF1-binding protein was found in suckling animals without sucrase-isomaltase messenger RNA (mRNA), and a higher-molecular-weight-binding protein was found in older animals with expression of sucrase-isomaltase mRNA. Supershift experiments and Western analysis showed that neither protein is Cdx-2, the only previously described SIF1-binding protein. CE-LPH1-binding protein was found only in adult animals (with low lactase activity), and there was no relationship between enzymatic activity and levels of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase mRNA. Conclusions: SIF1-binding proteins may regulate sucrase-isomaltase expression during postnatal development, but CE-LPH1-binding proteins do not seem to regulate lactase-phlorizin hydrolase expression during this period. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,GASTROENTEROL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. NR 37 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAR PY 1997 VL 112 IS 3 BP 803 EP 812 DI 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9041242 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WL743 UT WOS:A1997WL74300021 PM 9041242 ER PT J AU Sachs, G AF Sachs, G TI Gastritis, Helicobacter pylori, and proton pump inhibitors SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; OMEPRAZOLE; INFECTION; MANAGEMENT; REQUIRES; THERAPY; UREASE C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Sachs, G (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BLDG 113,ROOM 324,1130 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 24 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAR PY 1997 VL 112 IS 3 BP 1033 EP 1036 DI 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.agast971033 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WL743 UT WOS:A1997WL74300048 PM 9041269 ER PT J AU Adrogue, HJ Madias, NE AF Adrogue, HJ Madias, NE TI Aiding fluid prescription for the dysnatremias SO INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Soc Nephrol DE hyponatremia; hypernatremia; sodium concentration; fluid therapy AB Objective: The goal of the present study was to develop a novel approach that facilitates the prescription of fluid therapy in patients with abnormal serum sodium concentration. Methodology and results: The novel approach is based on a simple equation, derived from established principles on the distribution of sodium in body fluids, that estimates the impact of a unit dose, i. e., 1 l of any infusate on the patient's serum sodium concentration. In accordance with the equation, the expected change in the patient's serum sodium concentration in response to 1 l of any infusate (Delta[Na+](s)) is obtained by subtracting the sodium concentration of the patient's serum from the sodium concentration of the infusate, each expressed in mEq/l, and dividing the result by the patient's estimated total body water expressed in liters (adding 1 l to account for the volume of the infusate). The amount of the particular infusate to be administered over the course of any given time period can be easily computed by dividing the desired Delta[Na+](s) at the end of the period by the calculated Delta[Na+](s) effected by 1 l of the infusate. The utility and limitations of the proposed approach are presented. Conclusions: The novel equation is not a means for formulating therapy. Rather, it provides, simply and expeditiously, quantitative projections that can assist the physician in implementing the selected treatment plan for patients with dysnatremias. C1 TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,DIV NEPHROL,BOSTON,MA 02111. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RENAL SECT,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 9 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0342-4642 J9 INTENS CARE MED JI Intensive Care Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 309 EP 316 DI 10.1007/s001340050333 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA XA055 UT WOS:A1997XA05500012 PM 9083234 ER PT J AU Sreenivasan, S Kirkish, P Eth, S Mintz, J Hwang, S VanGorp, W VanVort, W AF Sreenivasan, S Kirkish, P Eth, S Mintz, J Hwang, S VanGorp, W VanVort, W TI Predictors of recidivistic violence in criminally insane and civilly committed psychiatric inpatients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-ILLNESS; UNITED-STATES; BEHAVIOR; DISORDER; DEATH C1 LOMA LINDA UNIV,SCH MED,PATTON STATE HOSP,LOMA LINDA,CA. RP Sreenivasan, S (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHOL,11301 WILTSHIRE BLVD,691-B116,LOS ANGELES,CA 90173, USA. RI Mintz, Jim/N-7385-2014 OI Mintz, Jim/0000-0002-8299-5851 NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0160-2527 J9 INT J LAW PSYCHIAT JI Int. J. Law Psychiatr. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 20 IS 2 BP 279 EP 291 DI 10.1016/S0160-2527(97)00008-3 PG 13 WC Law; Psychiatry SC Government & Law; Psychiatry GA XC598 UT WOS:A1997XC59800009 PM 9178068 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, M Caravaca, F Fernandez, E Borrego, MJ Lorenzo, V Cubero, J MartinMalo, A Betriu, A Rodriguez, AP Felsenfeld, AJ AF Rodriguez, M Caravaca, F Fernandez, E Borrego, MJ Lorenzo, V Cubero, J MartinMalo, A Betriu, A Rodriguez, AP Felsenfeld, AJ TI Evidence for both abnormal set point of PTH stimulation by calcium and adaptation to serum calcium in hemodialysis patients with hyperparathyroidism SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE RELEASE; CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; OSTEODYSTROPHY; SECRETION; DIALYSIS; TISSUE; GLANDS AB In vitro studies of parathyroid glands removed from dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia have demonstrated the presence of an increased set point of parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulation by calcium (set point [PTHstim]), suggesting an intrinsic abnormality of the hyperplastic parathyroid cell. However, clinical studies on dialysis patients have not observed a correlation between the set point (PTHstim) and the magnitude of hyperparathyroidism. In the present study, 58 hemodialysis patients with moderate to severe hyperparathyroidism (mean PTH 780 +/- 377 pg/ml) were evaluated both before and after calcitriol treatment to establish the relationship among PTH, serum calcium, and the set point (PTHstim) and to determine whether changes in the serum calcium, as induced by calcitriol treatment, modified these relationships. Calcitriol treatment decreased serum PTH levels and increased the serum calcium and the setpoint (PTHstim); however, the increase in serum calcium was greater than the increase in the setpoint (PTHstim). Before treatment with calcitriol, the correlation between the set point (PTHstim) and the serum calcium was r = 0.82, p < 0.001, and between the set point (PTHstim) and PTH was r = 0.39, p = 0.002. After treatment with calcitriol, the correlation between the set point (PTHstim) and the serum calcium remained significant (r = 0.70, p < 0.001), but the correlation between the set point (PTHstim) and PTH was no longer significant (r = 0.09); moreover, a significant correlation was present between the change in the set point (PTHstim) and the change in serum calcium that resulted from calcitriol treatment (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). The correlation between the residual values (deviation from the regression line) of the set point (PTHstim), derived from the correlation between PTH and the set point (PTHstim), and serum calcium was r = 0.77, p < 0.001 before calcitriol and r = 0.72, p < 0.001 after calcitriol. In conclusion, the set point (PTHstim) increased after a sustained increase in the serum calcium, suggesting an adaptation of the set point to the existing serum calcium; the increase in serum calcium resulting from calcitriol treatment,vas greater than the increase in the set point (PTHstim); the set point (PTHstim) was greater in hemodialysis patients with higher serum PTH levels; and the correlation between PTH and the set point (PTHstim) may be obscured because the serum calcium directly modifies the set point (PTHstim). C1 HOSP INFANTA CRISTINA,SERV NEPHROL,BADAJOZ,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV ARNAU VILANOVA,LLEIDA,SPAIN. UNIV HOSP,TENERIFE,SPAIN. UNIV LLEIDA,DEPT MED,LLEIDA,SPAIN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Rodriguez, M (reprint author), HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,UNIT INVEST,MENEDEZ PIDAL S-N,CORDOBA 14004,SPAIN. RI Betriu Bars, Angels/C-3792-2011; Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011; Fernandez Giraldez, Elvira Dolores/D-3358-2009 OI Fernandez Giraldez, Elvira Dolores/0000-0001-5236-1762 NR 35 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 12 IS 3 BP 347 EP 355 DI 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.3.347 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WN148 UT WOS:A1997WN14800006 PM 9076577 ER PT J AU Sutton, DA Padhye, AA Standard, PG Rinaldi, MG AF Sutton, DA Padhye, AA Standard, PG Rinaldi, MG TI An aberrant variant of Histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAPID IDENTIFICATION; DNA-PROBE AB We studied an aberrant culture of Histoplasma capsulatum var, capsulatum isolated from synovial fluid collected from the right elbow of a patient from Kansas, Colonies on Sabouraud glucose agar and other routine mycological media were glabrous to soft, moist, heaped, deeply folded or convoluted, and orange-brown with a white, irregular margin, Microscopically, hyphae were hyaline, septate, and branched and remained totally devoid of conidiation over a period of 2 years on all mycological media, Conversion to the yeast form was achieved on Pine's medium at 37 degrees C, Colonies at early stages of growth were smooth, moist, pasty, shiny, and orange-brown but soon became wrinkled and slightly raised and produced oval, thin-walled cells measuring 2 to 3 by 3 to 4,5 mu m which multiplied by polar budding, The identity of the isolate was further confirmed by utilizing the Accuprobe DNA probe and the exoantigen test for H, capsulatum var, capsulatum. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP Sutton, DA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,FUNGUS TESTING LAB,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 35 IS 3 BP 734 EP 735 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA WJ848 UT WOS:A1997WJ84800039 PM 9041422 ER PT J AU Agostini, HT Ryschkewitsch, CF Singer, EJ Stoner, GL AF Agostini, HT Ryschkewitsch, CF Singer, EJ Stoner, GL TI JC virus regulatory region rearrangements and genotypes in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Two independent aspects of virus variation SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYOMAVIRUS; BRAIN; PROMOTER; GENOME AB JC virus (JCV) causes the central demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), JCV strains excreted in the urine are distinguishable from those in PML tissue by the configuration of their regulatory region to the right of ori: the archetypal regulatory region, 267 nucleotides long, is rearranged in PML tissue by deletion and duplication, Within the coding region JCV shows variations as a result of virus evolution. Four major genotypes are distinguishable of which Type 1 is based in Europe and Type 2 in Asia. Here, the regulatory region rearrangements and the viral genotypes of 29 JCV strains from PML brain were determined. Rearrangement patterns and genotypes were not associated, In general, deletions occurred before duplications, but exceptions to this rule exist. Each configuration of the 29 rearranged regulatory regions was unique and could be derived directly from the non-rearranged, archetypal form. C1 NINCDS,EXPT NEUROPATHOL LAB,NATL INST HLTH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 16 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 78 BP 659 EP 664 PN 3 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA WL178 UT WOS:A1997WL17800023 PM 9049419 ER PT J AU Rawson, NE Gomez, G Cowart, B Brand, JG Lowry, LD Pribitkin, EA Restrepo, D AF Rawson, NE Gomez, G Cowart, B Brand, JG Lowry, LD Pribitkin, EA Restrepo, D TI Selectivity and response characteristics of human olfactory neurons SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2ND MESSENGER PATHWAYS; RECEPTOR-CELLS; ODOR STIMULI; CALCIUM; CA2+; DISCRIMINATION; RECOGNITION; CONDUCTANCE; CATFISH; SIGNALS AB Transduction mechanisms were investigated in human olfactory neurons by determining characteristics of odorant-induced changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+](1)). Olfactory neurons were freshly isolated from nasal biopsies, allowed to attach to coverslips, and loaded with the calcium-sensitive indicator fura-2. Changes in [Ca2+](i) were studied in response to exposure to individual odors, or odorant mixtures composed to distinguish between transduction pathways mediated by adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cAMP; mix A) or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP(3); mix B). Overall, 52% of biopsies produced one or more odorant-responsive olfactory neurons, whereas 24% of all olfactory neurons tested responded to odorant exposure with a change in [Ca2+](i). As in olfactory neurons from other species, the data suggest that odorant exposure elicited calcium influx via second-messenger pathways involving cAMP or InsP(3). Unlike olfactory neurons from other species that have been tested, some human olfactory neurons responded to odorants with decreases in [Ca2+](i). Also in contrast with olfactory neurons from other species, human olfactory neurons were better able to discriminate between odorant mixtures in that no neuron responded to more than one type of odor or mixture. These results suggest the presence of a previously unreported type of olfactory transduction mechanism, and raise the possibility that coding of odor qualities in humans may be accomplished to some degree differently than in other vertebrates, with the olfactory neuron itself making a greater contribution to the discrimination process. C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Rawson, NE (reprint author), UNIV PENN,MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,3500 MARKET ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 34 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3077 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 77 IS 3 BP 1606 EP 1613 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA WP116 UT WOS:A1997WP11600043 PM 9084623 ER PT J AU Buenafe, AC Tsu, RC Bebo, B Vandenbark, AA Offner, H AF Buenafe, AC Tsu, RC Bebo, B Vandenbark, AA Offner, H TI Myelin basic protein-specific and TCR V beta 8.2-specific T-cell lines from TCR V beta 8.2 transgenic mice utilize the same V alpha and V beta genes: Specificity associated with the V alpha CDR3-J alpha region SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE TCR transgene; myelin basic protein; experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; autoimmunity; CDR3 sequence ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; LYMPHOCYTE-T; POSITIVE SELECTION; DISEASE HYPOTHESIS; RECEPTOR PEPTIDES; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; CHAIN; REPERTOIRE AB Our analysis of TCR V gene usage in mice transgenic for the V beta 8.2 gene has demonstrated that T cells isolated from the spinal cord of these transgenic mice during active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis were significantly biased for V alpha 2 expression, This V alpha 2 bias was noted in T cells derived from the periphery as well but only after stimulation with specific antigen, Thus, spinal cord-derived pathogenic T cells had already undergone activation and expansion within the central nervous system environment of these mice, As part of an investigation of regulatory function in these V beta 8.2 transgenic mice, two T cell lines mere selected, The first T cell line is encephalitogenic and specific for the dominant myelin basic protein peptide NAc1-11, while the second T cell line is specific for the V beta 8.2 protein, Surprisingly, polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis of the TCR from both T cell lines demonstrated that they utilize identical V beta, D beta, J beta, and V alpha gene segments, The only difference found was in their use of the J alpha gene segment, indicating that this region of the TCR molecule can play a key role in determining antigen specificity. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PORTLAND,OR. PORTLAND VA MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS23221, NS23444] NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 47 IS 5 BP 489 EP 499 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19970301)47:5<489::AID-JNR4>3.0.CO;2-D PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WL661 UT WOS:A1997WL66100004 PM 9067858 ER PT J AU Mancini, D Donchez, L Levine, S AF Mancini, D Donchez, L Levine, S TI Acute unloading of the work of breathing extends exercise duration in patients with heart failure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; LEFT-VENTRICULAR FUNCTION; CAPACITY; ABNORMALITIES; VENTILATION; PERFORMANCE; TOLERANCE AB Objectives. This study investigated whether maximal exercise performance can be improved by acutely decreasing the work of breathing in these patients. Background. Exertional dyspnea is a frequent limiting symptom in patients with heart failure, It may result from increased work of breathing. Methods. Fifteen patients with heart failure and nine age matched normal subjects underwent two maximal exercise tests, Subjects exercised twice in randomized, single-blind manner using room air (RA) and a 79% helium/21% oxygen mixture (He), Respiratory gas analysis, Borg scale recordings of perceived dyspnea and near infrared spectroscopy of an accessory respiratory muscle were obtained during exercise. Results. In normal subjects there was no significant difference in peak oxygen uptake (VO2) ([mean +/- SD] RA 38 +/- 8 vs. He 35 +/- 7 ml/kg per min), exercise duration (RA 724 +/- 163 vs. He 762 +/- 123 s) or peak minute ventilation (RA 97 +/- 27 vs. He 97 +/- 28 liters/min, all p = NS), Only three of nine control subjects thought that exercise with the He mixture was subjectively easier, In contrast, patients with heart failure exercised an average of 146 s longer with the He mixture (RA 868 +/- 293 vs. He 1,014 +/- 338, p < 0.01), Peak VO2 (RA 19 +/- 1 vs. He 18 +/- 5 ml/kg per min) and peak minute ventilation (RA 53 +/- 12 vs. He 53 +/- 15 liters/min) were unchanged (both p = NS), The respiratory quotient at peak exercise was lower with the He mixture (RA 1.05 +/- 0.08 vs. He 0.98 +/- 0.06, p < 0.05), Thirteen of the 15 patients thought that exercise with the He mixture was subjectively easier (p < 0.02 vs. control group), Conclusions, In patients with heart failure, pulmonary factors, including respiratory muscle work and airflow turbulence, contribute to limiting exercise performance. Therapeutic interventions aimed at attenuating work of breathing may be beneficial. (C) 1997 by the American College of Cardiology. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Mancini, D (reprint author), COLUMBIA PRESBYTERIAN MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CIRCULATORY PHYSIOL,622 W 168TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10032, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [5 MO1 RR00645] NR 23 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 29 IS 3 BP 590 EP 596 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WL490 UT WOS:A1997WL49000019 PM 9060898 ER PT J AU Goldberg, TH Chavin, SI AF Goldberg, TH Chavin, SI TI Preventive medicine and screening in older adults SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; FECAL OCCULT BLOOD; PERIODIC HEALTH EXAMINATION; CANCER-SOCIETY GUIDELINES; LOCALIZED PROSTATE-CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; CERVICAL-CANCER; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB PURPOSE: To review important current issues, studies, recommendations and controversies relating to preventive medicine and screening in older people. STUDY SELECTION/DATA ABSTRACTION: MEDLINE searches for literature on prevention and screening with regard to older adults as well as each individual condition reviewed; bibliographical reviews of textbooks, journal articIes, government and advocacy organization task force reports, and recommendations. Important information synthesized and discussed qualitatively. DATA SYNTHESIS: Data and recommendations are presented for most common preventive services, including primary prevention and screening for cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, common malignancies, endocrine and infectious diseases, osteoporosis, sensory deficits, and dementia. CONCLUSIONS: The goal of preventive medicine in older people should be not only reduction of premature morbidity and mortality but preservation of function and quality of life. Attempts to prevent diseases of old age should start in youth; the order the patient, the less likely the possibility or value of primary and secondary prevention, and the greater the stress must be on tertiary prevention. Age 85 is proposed as a general cutoff range beyond which conventional screening tests are unlikely to be of continued benefit; however, care must always be individualized. Emphasis should be on offering the best proven and most effective interventions to the individuals at highest risk of important problems such as cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, infectious and endocrine diseases, and other important threats to function in older people. Breast cancer screening, smoking cessation, hypertension treatment, and vaccination for infectious diseases are thus far among the most family proven and well accepted specific preventive measures, with physical exercise also being particularly promising. Although more research is needed, a current working approach is necessary and possible. A summary table of recommendations and information tools such as reminders or flowsheets may be valuable in helping the physician carry out prevention and screening programs. C1 TEMPLE UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19122. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,SCH MED,ALLEGHENY UNIV HOSP,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19102. PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Goldberg, TH (reprint author), ALBERT EINSTEIN MED CTR,DIV GERIATR MED,5501 OLD YORK RD,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19141, USA. NR 148 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 45 IS 3 BP 344 EP 354 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA WL773 UT WOS:A1997WL77300014 PM 9063282 ER PT J AU Royall, DR Chiodo, LK Polk, MS AF Royall, DR Chiodo, LK Polk, MS TI ''Senility'' redefined as age-associated frontal system impairment? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HEALTHY C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. RP Royall, DR (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, GRECC, 7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 45 IS 3 BP 386 EP 388 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA WL773 UT WOS:A1997WL77300027 ER PT J AU Oberhaus, SM Smith, RL Clayton, GH Dermody, TS Tyler, KL AF Oberhaus, SM Smith, RL Clayton, GH Dermody, TS Tyler, KL TI Reovirus infection and tissue injury in the mouse central nervous system are associated with apoptosis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; MOLECULAR-BASIS; DNA FRAGMENTATION; M2 GENE; RECEPTOR; KINASE; SIGNAL; INDUCTION; VIRULENCE; ANTIBODY AB Reovirus serotype 3 strains infect neurons within specific regions of the neonatal mouse brain and produce a lethal meningoencephalitis. Viral replication and pathology colocalize and have a predilection for the cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. We have shown previously that infection of cultured fibroblasts and epithelial cells with reovirus type 3 Dearing (T3D) and other type 3 reovirus strains results in apoptotic cell death, suggesting that apoptosis is a mechanism of cell death in vivo, We now report that T3D induces apoptosis in infected mouse brain tissue, To determine whether reovirus induces apoptosis in neural tissues, newborn mice were inoculated intracerebrally with T3D, and at various times after inoculation, brain tissue was assayed for viral antigen by immunostaining and apoptosis was identified by DNA oligonucleosomal laddering and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. Cells were also stained with cresyl violet to detect morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis, including chromatin condensation and cell shrinkage. DE;A laddering was detected in T3D- but not in mock-infected brain tissue. Apoptotic cells were restricted to the same regions of the brain in which infected cells and tissue damage were observed, These findings suggest that virus-induced apoptosis is a mechanism of cell death, tissue injury, and mortality in reovirus-infected mice. The correlation between apoptosis and pathogenesis in Five identifies apoptosis as a potential target for molecular and pharmacological strategies designed to curtail or prevent diseases resulting from induction of this cell death pathway. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT NEUROL,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT IMMUNOL,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80262. DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,DENVER,CO 80220. VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,ELIZABETH B LAMB CTR PEDIAT RES,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. OI Tyler, Kenneth/0000-0003-3294-5888 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI32539]; NINDS NIH HHS [NSO1741, NIH T32 NS0731] NR 38 TC 112 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 71 IS 3 BP 2100 EP 2106 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA WH172 UT WOS:A1997WH17200041 PM 9032342 ER PT J AU Conhaim, RL Rodenkirch, LA AF Conhaim, RL Rodenkirch, LA TI Estimated functional diameter of alveolar septal microvessels at the zone I-II border SO MICROCIRCULATION-LONDON LA English DT Article DE isolated rat lungs; confocal microscopy; rapid freezing; pulmonary microcirculation; latex particle perfusion ID MICROSCOPY; PERFUSION; ELECTRON; LUNGS AB Objective: To measure the functional diameter of alveolar septal microvessels under conditions in which the pulmonary arterial pressure and the lung inflation pressure are equal, at 25 cm H2O (zone I-II border), and to compare these results with those obtained when inflation pressure exceeded arterial pressure by 5 or 10 cm H2O (zone I). Methods: We perfused isolated rat lungs (P-A 25. P-PA 25. P-LA 0 cm H2O) with fluorescent latex particles of specific diameters (0.49, 1.05, 2.0, 4.0, or 10 mu m) and then prepared samples for histology. Using a confocal, laser-scanning fluorescence microscopy, we measured latex particle densities within the septal plane of individual alveoli. We compared these particle densities with those in arterioles supplying the septa and calculated the density ratio. We fit curves produced by the Verniory equation to these ratios to estimate the septal microvessel functional diameter. Results: Particles densities in septa ranged from 0.06 +/- 0.02 particles per mu m(2) for 0.49-mu m-diameter particles to 0.007 +/- 0.004 particles per mu m(2) for 4.0-mu m-diameter particles. The 10-mu m particles did not enter septa. Calculations based on these data suggest a septal microvessel functional diameter of 6-8 mu m. Conclusions: In a previous study, conducted at the same value of P-inflat, but with P-PA set at 15 or 20 (5 or 10 cm H2O into zone I), we estimated the capillary diameter to be 1.7 mu m. Thus, the septal capillary diameter seems to increase by three- to fourfold as P-PA is raised to equal P-inflat. RP Conhaim, RL (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT SURG,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,B-7055A,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 49985] NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 1073-9688 J9 MICROCIRCULATION-LON JI Microcirculation-London PD MAR PY 1997 VL 4 IS 1 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.3109/10739689709148317 PG 9 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XT215 UT WOS:A1997XT21500004 PM 9110283 ER PT J AU Fadic, R Waclawik, AJ Brooks, BR Lotz, BP AF Fadic, R Waclawik, AJ Brooks, BR Lotz, BP TI The rigid spine syndrome due to acid maltase deficiency SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article DE rigid spine; acid maltase; myotonia; vacuolar myopathy; congenital myopathy ID DREIFUSS MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE; SPECTRUM; MYOPATHY; FAILURE; ADULT; GENE C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,HOSP & CLIN,DEPT NEUROL,NEUROMUSCULAR UNIT,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. RI Fadic, Ricardo/E-9488-2013 NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD MAR PY 1997 VL 20 IS 3 BP 364 EP 366 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199703)20:3<364::AID-MUS16>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WM689 UT WOS:A1997WM68900016 PM 9052818 ER PT J AU Borrego, MJ Felsenfeld, AJ MartinMalo, A Almaden, Y Concepcion, MT Aljama, P Rodriguez, M AF Borrego, MJ Felsenfeld, AJ MartinMalo, A Almaden, Y Concepcion, MT Aljama, P Rodriguez, M TI Evidence for adaptation of the entire PTH-calcium curve to sustained changes in the serum calcium in haemodialysis patients SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE calcium; PTH; set point of calcium; PTH-calcium curve; haemodialysis ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE SECRETION; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; SET-POINT; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; SIGMOIDAL RELATIONSHIP; HYPERPLASIA; CALCITONIN; DIALYSIS AB Background. Based on in vitro studies, the set point of calcium has often been considered to represent an intrinsic property of parathyroid gland function. However, in the dialysis patient, the serum calcium does not consistently reflect the magnitude of hyperparathyroidism; in addition, little information is available on whether the PTH-calcium curve is modified by sustained changes in the serum calcium. The present study in haemodialysis patients was designed to evaluate whether the set point of calcium and the dynamics of PTH secretion were modified by sustained changes in the serum calcium. Methods. To accomplish the goal of the study and obtain a wide range of changes in the serum calcium, haemodialysis patients were dialysed with either a 1.75 mM (group I) or a 1.25 mM (group II) calcium dialysate for 2 weeks, and were then changed to a 1.25 mM (group I) or a 1.75 mM (group II) calcium dialysate for an additional 2 weeks. At the end of the first and second 2-week periods, low and high calcium studies were performed to obtain PTH-calcium curves. Results. In group I, the serum ionized calcium decreased with the lower calcium dialysate (P < 0.02) and the set point of calcium was reduced (P < 0.02); in group II, the serum calcium did not change and the set point of calcium was not modified. When both groups were evaluated together, the delta serum calcium correlated directly with the delta set point of calcium (r = 0.87, P < 0.001) and inversely with the delta PTH (r = -0.73, P < 0.005); at the same time, an inverse correlation was observed between the delta PTH and the delta set point of calcium (r = -0.67, P < 0.01). Moreover, the delta serum calcium correlated with both the delta ratio of basal/maximal PTH (r = -0.71, P < 0.005) and the change in predialysis serum calcium necessary to maximally stimulate PTH (r = 0.84, P < 0.001); these latter two are indicators of the position of PTH along the PTH-calcium curve. Finally, in group I the entire PTH-calcium curve shifted to the left on the 1.25 mM calcium dialysate as compared with the 1.75 mM calcium dialysate. Conclusion. The findings of the present study indicate that: (1) the set point of calcium followed sustained changes in the serum calcium independently of PTH secretion, and (2) the parathyroid gland was able both to adjust the position of PTH secretion on the PTH-calcium curve and to adapt PTH secretion to the existing serum calcium concentration. C1 HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,UNIT INVEST,CORDOBA,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,SERV NEFROL,CORDOBA,SPAIN. UNIV HOSP,TENERIFE,SPAIN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 29 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 12 IS 3 BP 505 EP 513 DI 10.1093/ndt/12.3.505 PG 9 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA WN265 UT WOS:A1997WN26500025 PM 9075132 ER PT J AU Silverman, SL Greenwald, M Klein, RA Drinkwater, BL AF Silverman, SL Greenwald, M Klein, RA Drinkwater, BL TI Effect of bone density information on decisions about hormone replacement therapy: A randomized trial SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTMENOPAUSAL ESTROGEN THERAPY; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; WOMEN; RISK; FRACTURES; HIP AB Objective: To determine the effect of bone density information on a woman's decision about hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Methods: One hundred forty women were assigned randomly to receive either educational information about osteoporosis and a voucher for a bone mineral density test 12 months later or the same educational information plus an immediate dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry test for bone mineral density. Women in both groups were offered prescriptions for HRT. Results: Of the 93 women who received a bone mineral density test, 63.4% elected HRT and filled their prescription, compared with only 20.0% of the 43 women who did not have a bone mineral density test (P<.01). Women who were classified as osteopenic (between -1 and -2.5 standard deviations [SDs] of the young normal bone mineral density) or osteoporotic (more than 2.5 SDs below young normals) were more likely to choose HRT (69.4%) than were women whose bone mineral density was in the normal range (51.6%) (above -1 SD of the young normal bone mineral density value). Conclusions: A bone mineral density test, regardless of the result, had a significant effect on women's decisions to accept HRT. Within the group having the test, women with lower bone mineral density were more likely to choose HRT. Copyright (C) 1997 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. C1 PACIFIC MED CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98144. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. OSTEOPOROSIS MED CTR,BEVERLY HILLS,CA. OSTEOPOROSIS MED CTR,PALM SPRINGS,CA. WYETH AYERST LABS,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 19 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 89 IS 3 BP 321 EP 325 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(97)85857-7 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA WK122 UT WOS:A1997WK12200001 PM 9052578 ER PT J AU Brosnan, J AF Brosnan, J TI Commentary: When we teach our patients should we teach ethics as well? SO PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING LA English DT Article RP Brosnan, J (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0738-3991 J9 PATIENT EDUC COUNS JI Patient Educ. Couns. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 30 IS 3 BP 289 EP 290 DI 10.1016/S0738-3991(96)00984-6 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA WN069 UT WOS:A1997WN06900011 PM 9104385 ER PT J AU Gray, SL Sager, MA Lestico, MR Jalaluddin, M AF Gray, SL Sager, MA Lestico, MR Jalaluddin, M TI Depression, cognitive impairment, and understanding of medication directions in hospitalized elderly patients SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aged; drug therapy; self administration; depression ID KNOWLEDGE AB Purpose. The objectives of this study were 1) to assess understanding of medication directions of drug therapy in a group of hospitalized elderly who were not receiving assistance with medication administration; and 2) to determine whether depression, cognitive impairment, age, and other characteristics are associated with patient understanding of medication directions. Methods. The sample consisted of 117 hospitalized elderly patients aged 70 years and older who were taking two or more medications prior to hospitalization and reported medication self-administration. Data collection included demographic characteristics, mood, cognition, and pre-admission medication use and knowledge. Results. Thirteen (11%) patients did not understand directions for two or more pre-admission medications. Being 80 years or older was associated with not understanding medication directions (OR = 6.2, p = .017). There was a trend for depressive symptoms to be associated with not understanding medication directions, however, this was not significant (OR = 3.9, p = .058). Conclusions. Although all individuals should be assessed for comprehension of their medication regimens, those over 80 years of age with depressive symptoms deserve increased attention. Alternative strategies may need to be developed to improve medication knowledge in the older, depressed hospitalized patient. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,MADISON,WI 53706. ST DAVIDS HLTH CARE SYST,DEPT PHARM,AUSTIN,TX 78705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Gray, SL (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARM PRACTICE,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 14 IS 3 BP 316 EP 319 DI 10.1023/A:1012093904190 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA WR383 UT WOS:A1997WR38300008 PM 9098873 ER PT J AU Brawer, MK Bankson, DD Haver, VM Petteway, JC AF Brawer, MK Bankson, DD Haver, VM Petteway, JC TI Comparison of three commercial PSA assays: Results of restandardization of the Ciba Corning method SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; serum markers; PSA; assay comparison ID PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; CANCER DETECTION; TANDEM-E; SERUM; CARCINOMA; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; DENSITY; DIAGNOSIS AB BACKGROUND. Consistency in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) quantitation by different PSA test manufacturers would minimize potential clinical confusion. The Ciba Coming ACS(TM) PSA(2) calibration has been adjusted for alignment with a proposed international standard and clinical concordance with the Hybritech Tandem R assay. Herein we evaluate the clinical effectiveness of this recalibrated PSA test by comparing it with the IMx (Abbott Laboratories) and Tandem R (Hybritech) assays. METHODS. Archival serum was used that had been stored at -70 degrees C from men who underwent ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy. Assays were run according to each manufacturer's specifications in singlicate on a single thaw. RESULTS. The study included sera of 191 patients; 44 of the patients had carcinoma. There were 151 men with PSA (Tandem R) in the range of 0-10.0 ng/ml, 28 of whom had cancer. The correlation coefficients for Tandem R versus ACS, Tandem R versus IMx, and ACS versus IMx were 0.958, 0.955, 0.979 for benign patients and 0.960, 0.954, and 0.985 for those with cancer, respectively. The corresponding slopes were 1.029, 0.855, and 0.824 for men without and 1.044, 0.830, and 0.790, respectively, for those with malignancy. CONCLUSIONS. These data demonstrate substantial equivalence of the restandardized ACS assay and of the Hybritech method. Significant bias exists between these methods and the IMx assay with lower results being identified with the latter. These findings have significant implication, particularly in screening when results of an IMx assay are compared to other assays. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT UROL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT LAB MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,UROL SECT,SEATTLE,WA. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,PATHOL & LAB MED SERV,SEATTLE,WA. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 4 BP 269 EP 273 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA WQ448 UT WOS:A1997WQ44800007 PM 9111605 ER PT J AU Wyatt, RJ Green, MF Tuma, AH AF Wyatt, RJ Green, MF Tuma, AH TI Long-term morbidity associated with delayed treatment of first admission schizophrenic patients: A re-analysis of the Camarillo State Hospital data SO PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID 1ST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA; 1ST EPISODES; PSYCHOSIS; DURATION AB Background. The authors examined data from a follow-up study of first admission schizophrenic patients treated with and without antipsychotic medications, who were discharged from the hospital within 6 months. It was predicted that patients who did not require antipsychotic medications for discharge would have a more favourable long-term outcome. Methods. The subjects were part of the Camarillo State Hospital study conducted by May and colleagues in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Patients had been randomly assigned to treatment with and without antipsychotic medications. The number of rehospitalization days and total prescribed chlorpromazine equivalents were calculated for each patient for the 2 years following discharge. In order to assess patients' continuing ability to function, 11 patients from each group who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were matched for age, educational status at first admission, race, and gender; their Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) score was estimated across a period of 6-7 years following discharge. Results. During the second year following discharge, patients initially treated with antipsychotic medications required fewer rehospitalization days than the initially non-medicated patients. Furthermore, 6-7 years following initial discharge, those patients initially treated with medications were functioning at a higher level, as measured by GAF scores, than patients not initially treated with antipsychotic medications. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that, at least for this subgroup of patients, early treatment with antipsychotic medications both decreases the immediate morbidity associated with schizophrenia, and prevents detrimental changes possibly related to prolonged untreated psychosis. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,CAMARILLO,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CAMARILLO,CA. UNIV PITTSBURGH,SCH MED,WESTERN PSYCHIAT INST & CLIN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PITTSBURGH,PA. RP Wyatt, RJ (reprint author), NIMH,INTRAMURAL RES PROGRAM,NEUROPSYCHIAT BRANCH,NEUROPSYCHIAT HOSP,WASHINGTON,DC 20032, USA. NR 25 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0033-2917 J9 PSYCHOL MED JI Psychol. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 27 IS 2 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.1017/S0033291796004345 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA WT612 UT WOS:A1997WT61200002 PM 9089819 ER PT J AU Walisch, CJ Tapp, A AF Walisch, CJ Tapp, A TI The ACL as a quick screen in the determination of readiness for supported or competitive employment for patients with schizophrenia: A correlation of productivity and ACL scores SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,MENTAL HLTH SERV,AMER LAKE DIV,TACOMA,WA 98493. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 24 IS 1-2 BP 25 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(97)82070-1 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WP196 UT WOS:A1997WP19600063 ER PT J AU Marder, SR Kane, JM Schooler, NR Wirshing, WC Baker, R Ames, D Umbricht, D Ganguli, R Borenstein, M AF Marder, SR Kane, JM Schooler, NR Wirshing, WC Baker, R Ames, D Umbricht, D Ganguli, R Borenstein, M TI Effectiveness of clozapine in treatment resistant schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 24 IS 1-2 BP 187 EP 187 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(97)82533-9 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WP196 UT WOS:A1997WP19600526 ER PT J AU Ames, D Wirshing, WC Marshall, BD Green, MF McGurk, SR Mintz, J Marder, SR AF Ames, D Wirshing, WC Marshall, BD Green, MF McGurk, SR Mintz, J Marder, SR TI Risperidone vs. haloperidol in treatment resistant schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RI Mintz, Jim/N-7385-2014 OI Mintz, Jim/0000-0002-8299-5851 NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 24 IS 1-2 BP 193 EP 194 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(97)82554-6 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WP196 UT WOS:A1997WP19600547 ER PT J AU Wirshing, WC Baker, R Umbricht, D Ames, D Schooler, N Kane, J Marder, SR Borenstein, D AF Wirshing, WC Baker, R Umbricht, D Ames, D Schooler, N Kane, J Marder, SR Borenstein, D TI Clozapine vs. haloperidol: Drug intolerance in a controlled six month trial SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 24 IS 1-2 BP 268 EP 268 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(97)82772-7 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WP196 UT WOS:A1997WP19600765 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G AF Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G TI The role of decision analysis in informed consent: Choosing between intuition and systematicity SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE informed consent; doctor-patient communication; decision analysis; medical ethics ID REGRET THEORY; UNCERTAINTY; CHOICE; ALTERNATIVES; PREFERENCES; THINKING; DISEASE; REASONS; REDUCE AB An important goal of informed consent is to present information to patients so that they can decide which medical option is best for them, according to their values. Research in cognitive psychology has shown that people are rapidly overwhelmed by having to consider more than a few options in making choices. Decision analysis provides a quantifiable way to assess patients' values, and it eliminates the burden of integrating these values with probabilistic information. In this paper we evaluate the relative importance of intuition and systematicity in informed consent. We point our that there is no gold standard for optimal decision making in decisions that hinge on patient values. We also point out that in some such situations it is too early to assume that the benefits of systematicity outweigh the benefits of intuition. Research is needed to address the question of which situations favor the use of intuitive approaches of decision making and which call for a more systematic approach. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,CTR CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT SOCIAL & DECIS SCI,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. NR 63 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 5 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 44 IS 5 BP 647 EP 656 DI 10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00217-1 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA WF205 UT WOS:A1997WF20500010 PM 9032832 ER PT J AU Carroll, PR Presti, JC Small, E Roach, M AF Carroll, PR Presti, JC Small, E Roach, M TI Focal therapy for prostate cancer 1996: Maximizing outcome SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT First International Conference on Neoadjuvant Hormonal Therapy of Prostate Cancer CY MAR 29-30, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Amer Inst Med Law ID GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS CRYOABLATION; PREDICT PATHOLOGICAL STAGE; HIGH-DOSE IRRADIATION; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; RADIATION-THERAPY; CONFORMAL IRRADIATION; BEAM RADIOTHERAPY; CLINICAL STAGE; GENE-THERAPY; CARCINOMA AB Objectives. To summarize improvements in patient selection and the results of focal therapy for the management of localized prostate cancer. Methods. A contemporary series of patients managed with wide surgical excision, radiation therapy (three-dimensional conformal radiation, interstitial radiation, and charged-particle or proton therapy), and cryotherapy were reviewed. Results. We used preoperative cancer grade, transrectal ultrasound, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in all patients, and cross-sectional imaging and bone scans in selected patients to allow for reasonably accurate cancer staging and selection of patients most likely to be cured by radical prostatectomy or radiation. In patients with extracapsular extension of prostate cancer, wide surgical excision and achievement of a clear surgical margin had therapeutic value. Newer radiation techniques resulted in a higher likelihood of prostate cancer control than previous techniques. Cryotherapy for patients with stages T1 through 3 prostate cancer was associated with a posttreatment undetectable PSA rate of 48% and a positive biopsy rate of 23%. Conclusions. Patients with organ-confined and, therefore, curable prostate cancer can be identified. Well-performed radical prostatectomy, radiation, and cryotherapy are alternative treatments for the management of localized prostate cancer. (C) 1997 by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,SCH MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DIV MED ONCOL,SCH MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,MT ZION CANC CTR,PROGRAM UROL ONCOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. SAN FRANCISCO VET ADM MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. RP Carroll, PR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT UROL,SCH MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143, USA. NR 63 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD MAR PY 1997 VL 49 IS 3A SU S BP 84 EP 94 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00174-X PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA WQ712 UT WOS:A1997WQ71200013 PM 9123742 ER PT J AU Wrone, EM Carey, H Reilly, RF AF Wrone, EM Carey, H Reilly, RF TI Glomerular lesions in HIV-infected patients - A Yale University Department of Medicine Residency Peer-Teaching Conference SO YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; RENAL-DISEASE; MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; POSITIVE PATIENTS; INTERFERON-ALPHA AB HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by heavy proteinuria, absence of edema and an irreversible decline in renal function. Findings on renal biopsy include: collapsed glomerular capillaries; visceral glomerular epitheliosis; microcystic tubules; mesangial prominence; and endothelial tubuloreticular inclusions. Early in the AIDS epidemic, HIVAN was the predominant glomerular lesion observed in HIV-infected patients. It is being increasingly recognized, especially in Caucasian populations, that a variety of immune complex-mediated lesions such as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, proliferative glomerulonephritis and IgA nephropathy are associated with HIV infection. In this review we present two cases: one patient whose first presentation of AIDS was end-stage renal disease, who on biopsy was found to have HIVAN, and the second, who was infected with HIV, and on biopsy was found to have hepatitis C-related hepatitis C related membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. We also review the current literature on HIVAN and HIV-associated immune complex diseases (HIVICDs). Each case illustrates an important clinical point. The first that renal disease can be the first manifestation of HIV infection and the second that HIV-infected patients may develop immune complex related renal diseases, some of which may be potentially treatable. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. VA Connecticut, W Haven, CT USA. RP Reilly, RF (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sect Nephrol 111F, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU YALE J BIOL MED INC PI NEW HAVEN PA 333 CEDAR ST, NEW HAVEN, CT 06510 USA SN 0044-0086 J9 YALE J BIOL MED JI Yale J. Biol. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 70 IS 2 BP 161 EP 173 PG 13 WC Biology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA YW703 UT WOS:000071964100003 PM 9493848 ER PT J AU Raybould, HE Tabrizi, Y Meyer, JH AF Raybould, HE Tabrizi, Y Meyer, JH TI Inhibition of gastric emptying by intestinal hexoses is dependent on absorption via sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT1). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ULCER RES & EDUC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 189 EP 189 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA WL530 UT WOS:A1997WL53000189 ER PT J AU Herbert, V AF Herbert, V TI Nutrition status misassessment maims and kills millions. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10468. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10468. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1074 EP 1074 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA WL530 UT WOS:A1997WL53001073 ER PT J AU Feigin, AM Schagina, LV Takemoto, JY Teeter, JH Brand, JG AF Feigin, AM Schagina, LV Takemoto, JY Teeter, JH Brand, JG TI The effect of sterols on the sensitivity of membranes to the channel-forming antifungal antibiotic, syringomycin E SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE syringomycin E; ion channel; sterols; lipid bilayer ID PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE PHYTOTOXIN; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; AMPHOTERICIN-B; POLYENE ANTIBIOTICS; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; CHOLESTEROL; PERMEABILITY; MECHANISM; IDENTIFICATION AB The ability of three sterols of different structure to influence the interaction of syringomycin E (an antifungal antibiotic that forms voltage dependent channels in planar lipid bilayers) with a planar lipid bilayer was evaluated. The rate of increase of bilayer conductance induced by syringomycin E was about 1000-times less in bilayers containing 50 mol% of cholesterol compared to bilayers without sterols. The effect of ergosterol (the primary sterol of fungal cells) on the sensitivity of bilayers to syringomycin E was much weaker than that of cholesterol, while stigmasterol (one of the main sterols of plant cells) did not significantly influence the ability of syringomycin E to induce a conductance increase in the bilayer. None of the sterols altered the single channel conductance properties of syringomycin E. These observations suggest that cholesterol affects the sensitivity of target membranes to syringomycin E by enlarging the energy barrier for channel formation rather than participating in channel formation itself. C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST CYTOL,ST PETERSBURG 194064,RUSSIA. UTAH STATE UNIV,LOGAN,UT 84322. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Feigin, AM (reprint author), MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,3500 MARKET ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI Takemoto, Jon/A-5309-2011 OI Takemoto, Jon/0000-0001-9919-9168 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-00356, DC-01838] NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2736 J9 BBA-BIOMEMBRANES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Biomembr. PD FEB 21 PY 1997 VL 1324 IS 1 BP 102 EP 110 DI 10.1016/S0005-2736(96)00214-3 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA WJ262 UT WOS:A1997WJ26200011 PM 9059503 ER PT J AU Gibbs, VC Pennica, D AF Gibbs, VC Pennica, D TI CRF2-4: Isolation of cDNA clones encoding the human and mouse proteins SO GENE LA English DT Article DE nucleotide sequence; exon trapping; interferon receptor; YAC ID EXON-TRAPPING SYSTEM; RECEPTOR GENE; HUMAN CHROMOSOME-21; CLUSTER; VECTOR; MEMBER; IFNAR AB To search for genes which encode human interferon receptor molecules, we applied the technique of exon trapping to human chromosome 21 yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs). A full length cDNA encoding human CRF2-4 was identified which is shown here to be widely expressed in human tissues. The human CRF2-4 cDNA was used as a probe to screen a mouse macrophage cDNA library. A mouse CRF2-4 cDNA was isolated which encodes a 349-amino-acid (aa) polypeptide that is 69% identical at the aa level with its human counterpart. Mouse CRF2-4 is predicted to be another member of the interferon receptor-class II cytokine receptor family. C1 GENENTECH INC,DEPT MOL ONCOL,S SAN FRANCISCO,CA. RP Gibbs, VC (reprint author), SAN FRANCISCO VA MED CTR,DEPT SURG,SURG SERV 112,4150 CLEMENT ST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94131, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R03 DK45172] NR 13 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 186 IS 1 BP 97 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00690-7 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA WJ747 UT WOS:A1997WJ74700015 PM 9047351 ER PT J AU Ofman, JJ Etchason, J Fullerton, S Kahn, KL Soll, AH AF Ofman, JJ Etchason, J Fullerton, S Kahn, KL Soll, AH TI Management strategies for Helicobacter pylori-seropositive patients with dyspepsia: Clinical and economic consequences SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Helicobacter pylori; Helicobacter infections; dyspepsia; cost-benefit analysis; endoscopy ID PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; OPEN ACCESS ENDOSCOPY; NONULCER DYSPEPSIA; DUODENAL-ULCER; GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY; GENERAL-PRACTICE; TRIPLE THERAPY; INFECTION; ERADICATION; PREVALENCE AB Background: Noninvasive testing for Helicobacter pylori is widely available and has been considered as an initial management strategy for uninvestigated dyspepsia. However, data to guide clinicians in the management of patients with dyspepsia who are seropositive for H. pylori are lacking. Objective: To examine the economic, clinical, and policy implications of alternative initial management strategies for patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia who are seropositive for H. pylori. Design: Decision analysis comparing the costs and outcomes of initial anti-H. pylori therapy and initial endoscopy. Patients: Helicobacter pylori-seropositive patients with dyspepsia. Measurements: Cost estimates were obtained from the Medicare reimbursement schedule and a health maintenance organization pharmacy. Probability estimates were derived from the medical literature. Results: Initial endoscopy costs an average of $1276 per patient, whereas initial anti-H. pylori therapy costs 8820 per patient; the average saving is $456 per patient treated. The financial effect of a 252% increase in the use of antibiotics for initial H. pylori therapy is more than offset by reducing the endoscopy workload by 53%. Endoscopy-related costs must be reduced by 96% before the two strategies become equally cost-effective. In patients with nonulcer dyspepsia, the financial benefits of initial anti-H. pylori therapy are not substantially affected by varying the rates of H. pylori eradication, the complications of antibiotics, or the response of symptoms to cure of H. pylori infection. Conclusions: In H. pylori-seropositive patients with dyspepsia, initial anti-H. pylori therapy is the most cost-effective management strategy. Randomized studies of these strategies that evaluate outcomes and patient preferences are needed to optimize management decisions. In the meantime, unless physicians are concerned about resistance to antimicrobial agents or the lack of proven benefit of anti-H. pylori therapy in nonulcer dyspepsia, the strategy outlined in this analysis can be used as a basis for management and policy decisions about H. pylori-seropositive patients with dyspepsia. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ATLANTA,GA 30033. EMORY UNIV,CTR CLIN EVALUAT SCI,ATLANTA,GA 30322. RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA. RP Ofman, JJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,GASTROENTER BIOL CTR,CURE,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 69 TC 150 Z9 151 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 4 BP 280 EP & PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WH068 UT WOS:A1997WH06800006 PM 9036800 ER PT J AU Bonaz, B Tache, Y AF Bonaz, B Tache, Y TI Corticotropin-releasing factor and systemic capsaicin-sensitive afferents are involved in abdominal surgery-induced Fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CRF antagonist; Fos; paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; capsaicin; abdominal surgery; nucleus tractus solitarii; supraoptic nucleus ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; C-FOS; SPINAL-CORD; RAT-BRAIN; FACTOR ANTAGONIST; SENSORY NEURONS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SOLITARY TRACT; COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISTS; IMMOBILIZATION STRESS AB We previously reported that abdominal surgery induces Fos expression in specific hypothalamic and medullary nuclei and also causes gastric stasis. The gastric ileus is reduced by systemic capsaicin and abolished by central injection of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist. We studied the influence of systemic capsaicin and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the CRF antagonist, alpha-helical CRF(9-41), on Fos expression in the brain 1 h after abdominal surgery in conscious rats using immunocytochemical detection. In control groups (vehicle s.c. or i.c.v.), abdominal surgery (laparotomy with cecal manipulation) performed under 7-8 min of enflurane anesthesia induced Fos staining in neurons of the spinal trigeminal, C1/A1 group, ventrolateral medulla, central amygdala, parabrachial nucleus, cuneate nucleus, nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON). Capsaicin (125 mg/kg s.c., 2 weeks before) or alpha-helical CRF(9-41), (50 mu g i.c.v., before surgery) reduced the number of Fos-positive cells by 50% in the PVN while not modifying the number of Fos-labelled cells in the other nuclei. These results indicate that capsaicin-sensitive primary afferents and brain CRF receptors are part of the pathways and biochemical coding through which abdominal surgery activates PVN neurons 1 h post surgery. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33061]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 73 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD FEB 14 PY 1997 VL 748 IS 1-2 BP 12 EP 20 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01281-4 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WL749 UT WOS:A1997WL74900002 PM 9067440 ER PT J AU Frank, AP Wandell, MG Headings, MD Conant, MA Woody, GE Michel, C AF Frank, AP Wandell, MG Headings, MD Conant, MA Woody, GE Michel, C TI Anonymous HIV testing using home collection and telemedicine counseling - A multicenter evaluation SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FILTER-PAPER TECHNIQUE; BLOOD SPOT SPECIMENS; UNITED-STATES; AIDS; SUICIDE; RISK; INFECTION; TRIAL AB Background: Home human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing has been proposed as an alternative to conventional HIV testing. Despite debate over HIV type 1 (HIV-1) home test systems, these concerns have not to our knowledge been previously studied. Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Home Access Health Corp (Hoffman Estates, Ill) HIV-1 test system compared with traditional HIV-1 testing with venous blood. Methods: A total of 1255 subjects were studied prospectively in a blinded, subject-as-control evaluation at 9 outpatient clinics using intent-to-treat analysis. Subjects were provided a home collection kit (Home Access Health Corp) to collective their own finger-stick blood spot samples for laboratory analysis. Subjects received pretest counseling by telephone and their comprehension was subsequently assessed. Subject-collected blood spot samples were compared with professionally drawn blood spot samples for adequacy (sufficient for completing the Food and Drug Administration-endorsed testing) and with venous samples for accuracy. Subjects called 3 days later for anonymous results and posttest counseling. Device safety was evaluated based on adverse events incidence. Subject comprehension of HIV information was measured. Results: Subject-collected blood spot sample results were in complete agreement with venous blood sample results, demonstrating 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared with venous controls. Ninety-eight percent of subjects obtained testable blood spot specimens compared with phlebotomists. Following pretest counseling, subjects answered 96% of HIV risk questions correctly. There were no significant adverse events. Conclusion: Anonymous HIV-1 home collection kits with pretest and posttest telephone counseling can provide a safe and effective alternative to conventional venous HIV-1 antibody testing. C1 ILLINOIS MASONIC MED CTR,DEPT MED,CHICAGO,IL 60657. HOME ACCESS HLTH CORP,HOFFMAN ESTATES,IL. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. CORNING BESSELAAR,PRINCETON,NJ. NR 51 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD FEB 10 PY 1997 VL 157 IS 3 BP 309 EP 314 DI 10.1001/archinte.157.3.309 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WH266 UT WOS:A1997WH26600009 PM 9040298 ER PT J AU Kumar, AG Ballantyne, CM Michael, LH Kukielka, GL Youker, KA Lindsey, ML Hawkins, HK Birdsall, HH MacKay, CR LaRosa, GJ Rossen, RD Smith, CW Entman, ML AF Kumar, AG Ballantyne, CM Michael, LH Kukielka, GL Youker, KA Lindsey, ML Hawkins, HK Birdsall, HH MacKay, CR LaRosa, GJ Rossen, RD Smith, CW Entman, ML TI Induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in the small veins of the ischemic and reperfused canine myocardium SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE proteins, monocyte chemoattractant; reperfusion; myocardial infarction; cytokines ID CARDIAC LYMPH; CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN-1; ADHESION MOLECULE-1; INFARCT EXPANSION; POTENTIAL ROLE; TIME-COURSE; INJURY; DOGS; RAT; INFLAMMATION AB Background Healing after myocardial infarction is characterized by the presence of macrophages in the infarcted area. Since augmented monocyte influx has been implicated as a potential mechanism for improved healing after reperfusion, we wished to study the induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) during reperfusion. Methods and Results The cDNA for MCP-1 was cloned from a canine jugular vein endothelial cell (CJVEC) library and exhibited 78% identity with the deduced amino acid sequence of human MCP-1. Samples of myocardium were taken from control and ischemic segments after 1 hour of ischemia and various times of reperfusion; total RNA was isolated from myocardial samples and probed with a cDNA probe for canine MCP-1. Induction of MCP-1 mRNA occurred only in previously ischemic segments within the first hour of reperfusion, peaked at 3 hours, and persisted throughout the first 2 days of reperfusion. In the absence of reperfusion, no significant MCP-1 induction was seen. Both ischemic (but not preischemic) cardiac lymph and human recombinant TNF-alpha induced MCP-1 in CJVECs MCP-1 was identified by immunostaining on infiltrating cells and venular (but not arterial) endothelium by 3 hours. In contrast, in situ hybridization showed MCP-1 mRNA to be confined to the endothelium of small veins (venules) 10 to 70 mu m in diameter. Conclusions MCP-1 mRNA is induced in the endothelium of a specific class of small veins immediately after reperfusion. MCP-1 induction is confined to the previously ischemic area that has been reperfused. We suggest a significant role for MCP-1 in monocyte trafficking in the reperfused myocardium. C1 METHODIST HOSP,BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,SECT CARDIOVASC SCI,DEBAKEY HEART CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,BAYLOR COLL MED,SPEROS P MARTEL LAB LEUKOCYTE BIOL,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,IMMUNOL RES LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,DEPT PATHOL,GALVESTON,TX 77550. LEUKOSITE INC,DEPT IMMUNOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA. RI Ballantyne, Christie/A-6599-2008; Lindsey, Merry/B-2650-2012; Mackay, Charles/A-9673-2008 OI Mackay, Charles/0000-0002-6338-7340 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-42550]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-28071]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS-32583] NR 36 TC 117 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 4 PY 1997 VL 95 IS 3 BP 693 EP 700 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WE972 UT WOS:A1997WE97200030 PM 9024159 ER PT J AU Yu, CE Oshima, J Wijsman, EM Nakura, J Miki, T Piussan, C Matthews, S Fu, YH Mulligan, J Martin, GM Schellenberg, GD Burg, G Epstein, CJ Fischer, W Fujiwara, Y Fukuchi, KI Hoehn, H Hurlimann, AF Kiso, S Matthews, J Melaragno, MI Murano, S Ouais, S Poot, M Rizzo, M Saida, T Tannock, TCA Uyeno, B AF Yu, CE Oshima, J Wijsman, EM Nakura, J Miki, T Piussan, C Matthews, S Fu, YH Mulligan, J Martin, GM Schellenberg, GD Burg, G Epstein, CJ Fischer, W Fujiwara, Y Fukuchi, KI Hoehn, H Hurlimann, AF Kiso, S Matthews, J Melaragno, MI Murano, S Ouais, S Poot, M Rizzo, M Saida, T Tannock, TCA Uyeno, B TI Mutations in the consensus helicase domains of the Werner syndrome gene SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID PIGMENTOSUM GROUP-D; COMPLEMENTATION GROUP-D; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; DNA-REPAIR; COCKAYNE-SYNDROME; PUTATIVE HELICASES; CELL-LINES; S-PHASE; LYMPHOCYTES; FIBROBLASTS AB Werner syndrome (WS) is an autosomal recessive disease with a complex phenotype that is suggestive of accelerated aging. WS is caused by mutations in a gene, WRN, that encodes a predicted 1,432-amino-acid protein with homology to DNA and RNA helicases. Previous work identified four WS mutations in the 3' end of the gene, which resulted in predicted truncated protein products of 1,060-1,247 amino acids but did not disrupt the helicase domain region (amino acids 569-859). Here, additional WS subjects were screened for mutations, and the intron-exon structure of the gene was determined. A total of 35 exons were defined, with the coding sequences beginning in the second exon. Five new WS mutations were identified: two nonsense mutations at codons 369 and 889; a mutation at a splice-junction site, resulting in a predicted truncated protein of 760 amino acids; a 1-bp deletion causing a frameshift; and a predicted truncated protein of 391 amino acids. Another deletion is >15 kb of genomic DNA, including exons 19-23; the predicted protein is 1,186 amino acids long. Four of these new mutations either partially disrupt the helicase domain region or result in predicted protein products completely missing the helicase region. These results confirm that mutations in the WRN gene are responsible for WS. Also, the location of the mutations indicates that the presence or absence of the helicase domain does not influence the WS phenotype and suggests that WS is the result of complete loss of function of the WRN gene product. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN 182B,SEATTLE DIV,SEATTLE,WA 98108. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT MED,DIV MED GENET,SEATTLE,WA. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,SEATTLE,WA. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT BIOSTAT,SEATTLE,WA. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT NEUROL & PHARMACOL,SEATTLE,WA. OSAKA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GERIATR MED,OSAKA 553,JAPAN. UNIV AMIENS,AMIENS,FRANCE. DARWIN MOL CORP,BOTHELL,WA. RI Melaragno, Maria/F-9013-2012; Poot, Martin/F-9427-2010 FU NIA NIH HHS [T32 AG00057, AG08303, R01 AG12019] NR 63 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 60 IS 2 BP 330 EP 341 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA WE931 UT WOS:A1997WE93100012 PM 9012406 ER PT J AU Jensen, CF Keller, TW Peskind, ER McFall, ME Veith, RC Martin, D Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA AF Jensen, CF Keller, TW Peskind, ER McFall, ME Veith, RC Martin, D Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA TI Behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to sodium lactate infusion in subjects with posttraumatic stress disorder SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article AB Objective: Sodium lactate infusion has induced flashbacks accompanied by panic attacks in male combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and concurrent panic disorder. This study addressed whether sodium lactate induces flashbacks of other intrusive PTSD symptoms in PTSD patients free of concurrent panic disorder. Method: Behavioral, cardiovascular, catecholamine, and cortisol responses to infusion of 0.5 M sodium lactate were compared among seven subjects with PTSD without panic disorder, seven subjects with panic disorder only, and seven healthy subjects. Results: Six of the seven PTSD subjects but no panic disorder or healthy subjects reported flashbacks or other intrusive PTSD symptoms during lactate infusion. Flashbacks were accompanied by substantial anxiety symptoms. Cortisol levels were low in the PTSD subjects. Conclusions: Sodium lactate induces flashbacks in persons with PTSD without comorbid panic disorder. The relationship between anxiety responses accompanying a PTSD flashback and those in a panic attack remains unclear. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98195. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,PSYCHIAT SERV,SEATTLE,WA 98108. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE,WA 98108. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-05136] NR 5 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 154 IS 2 BP 266 EP 268 PG 3 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WF150 UT WOS:A1997WF15000022 PM 9016280 ER PT J AU Rooke, GA Choi, JH Bishop, MJ AF Rooke, GA Choi, JH Bishop, MJ TI Comparison of the effects of isoflurane, halothane, sevoflurane and thiopental on post-intubation SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,SEATTLE,WA. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RI Rooke, Alec/F-8909-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 84 SU 2 BP S591 EP S591 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA WF780 UT WOS:A1997WF78000590 ER PT J AU Kraske, GK Shinaberger, JH Klaustermeyer, WB AF Kraske, GK Shinaberger, JH Klaustermeyer, WB TI Severe hypersensitivity reaction during hemodialysis SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ETHYLENE-OXIDE GAS; ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS; DIALYSIS; ALLERGY AB Background: Hemodialysis-associated hypersensitivity reactions are well documented in the literature. Ethylene oxide sensitization and activation of complement are important factors involved during such reactions. The majority of severe hypersensitivity reactions in dialysis patients, however, is due to sensitization to ethylene oxide. Methods: We report a patient admitted to the hospital with worsening of his renal function. He subsequently required three hemodialysis treatments, all of which resulted in severe hypersensitivity reactions requiring endotracheal intubation. The initial hypersensitivity episode was thought to be due to complement activation to the cupramonium-rayon membrane dialyzer. Despite changing to a polyacrylonitrile membrane, which does not activate complement, a second hypersensitivity reaction developed. Suspecting ethylene oxide hypersensitivity, the third hemodialysis session incorporated a biocompatible dialyzer that was sterilized with gamma irradiation, not ethylene oxide. Yet again, an anaphylactoid reaction resulted. It was postulated that residual ethylene oxide in the tubing might have triggered this last attack. Results: Despite a negative RAST (radioallergosorbent test) to ethylene oxide, the strong history surrounding each of the hypersensitivity episodes and high index of suspicion pointed to ethylene oxide hypersensitivity as the etiologic factor. To this end, the patient fared much better when peritoneal dialysis was initiated. The patient subsequently died from other complications of his illness. Conclusions: This case report demonstrates both the complex nature involving a hypersensitivity reaction to hemodialysis and the life-threatening severity of such a reaction. Replacing ethylene oxide with steam or gamma radiation to sterilize dialyzers and thoroughly rinsing new dialyzers and tubing with normal saline may help circumvent this problem. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ALLERGY & IMMUNOL SECT 111R,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SECT 111L,MED & RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 78 IS 2 BP 217 EP 220 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WJ635 UT WOS:A1997WJ63500009 PM 9048531 ER PT J AU Klein, AL Grimm, RA Black, IW Leung, DY Chung, MK Vaughn, SE Murray, RD Miller, DP Arheart, KL AF Klein, AL Grimm, RA Black, IW Leung, DY Chung, MK Vaughn, SE Murray, RD Miller, DP Arheart, KL TI Cardioversion guided by transesophageal echocardiography: The ACUTE pilot study - A randomized, controlled trial SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE electric countershock; atrial fibrillation; echocardiography, transesophageal; thromboembolism; anticoagulants ID TWO-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ATRIAL MECHANICAL FUNCTION; SPONTANEOUS ECHO CONTRAST; MITRAL-VALVE DISEASE; ELECTRICAL CARDIOVERSION; ANATOMIC CORRELATIONS; CLINICAL-APPLICATIONS; THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS; IMAGE ORIENTATION; FIBRILLATION AB Background: Electrical cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk for embolic stroke. Screening for atrial thrombi with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) before cardioversion should, in many patients, safely permit cardioversion to be done earlier than would be possible with prolonged conventional, anticoagulation therapy. Objective: To compare the feasibility and safety of TEE-guided early cardioversion with those of conventional management of cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation. Design: Randomized, multicenter clinical trial. Setting: 10 hospitals in the United States, Europe, and Australia. Patients: 126 patients who had atrial fibrillation lasting longer than 2 days and were having electrical cardioversion. Intervention: Conventional therapy or early, TEE-guided cardioversion with short-term anticoagulation therapy. Outcome Measures: Feasibility outcome variables were frequency of cardioversion and times to cardioversion and sinus rhythm. Safety outcomes were ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, systemic embolization, bleeding, and detected episodes of clinical hemodynamic instability occurring as long as 4 weeks after cardioversion. Results: 62 patients were randomly assigned to receive TEE-guided cardioversion; IEE was done in 56 (90%) of these patients. Atrial thrombi were detected in 7 patients (13%) and led to the postponement of cardioversion. Cardioversion was successful in 38 of 45 patients (84%) who had early cardioversion. No embolization occurred with this strategy. Of the 64 patients receiving conventional therapy, 37 (58%) had cardioversion, which was successful in 28 patients (76%). One patient had a peripheral embolic event. The time to cardioversion was shorter in the TEE group (0.6 weeks [95% Cl, 0.3 to 0.9 weeks] compared with 4.8 weeks [Cl, 3.8 to 5.7 weeks]; P < 0.01). The incidence of clinical hemodynamic instability and bleeding complications tended to be greater in the conventional therapy group. Conclusions: These results suggest that TEE-guided cardioversion with short-term anticoagulation therapy is feasible and safe. The use of TEE may allow cardioversion to be done earlier, may decrease the risk for embolism associated with cardioversion, and may be associated with less clinical instability than conventional therapy. A large multicenter study to confirm these findings is currently under way. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,OMAHA,NE. RIVERSIDE METHODIST HOSP,COLUMBUS,OH 43214. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV LOUISVILLE,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. TEXAS HEART INST,HOUSTON,TX 77025. PRINCE HENRY HOSP,SYDNEY,NSW,AUSTRALIA. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRONX,NY. UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH,ESSEN,GERMANY. OI Leung, Dominic/0000-0002-5626-7236 NR 57 TC 160 Z9 165 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 3 BP 200 EP & PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WF168 UT WOS:A1997WF16800004 PM 9027270 ER PT J AU Lin, HJ French, SW Reichenbach, D Wan, YJY Passaro, E Sawicki, MP AF Lin, HJ French, SW Reichenbach, D Wan, YJY Passaro, E Sawicki, MP TI Novel p53 mutation in a malignant tumor secreting vasoactive intestinal peptide SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STRAND CONFORMATION POLYMORPHISM; SUPPRESSOR GENE; CANCER AB Objective.-To assess involvement of p53 mutations in development of pancreatic endocrine tumors. Design.-Survey of sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. Setting.-Hospital referral centers, mainly in the Los Angeles, Calif, area. Patients.-We obtained fresh surgical specimens from 25 patients (convenience sample) with no family history of endocrine tumors and no evidence of multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 or von Hippel-Lindau disease. Preoperative tests included serum peptide analysis. Main Outcome Measures.-DNA was prepared from tumor specimens. We screened exons 5 through 8 of the p53 gene using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, followed by DNA sequencing when a variant was detected. Results.-A three-base deletion mutation (codon 239) was found in one malignant tumor secreting vasoactive intestinal peptide. Conclusions.-p53 appears to have a limited role in development of pancreatic endocrine tumors. However, evidence from one of our patients suggests it may be involved in tumor progression in uncommon cases. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HARBOR MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,TORRANCE,CA 90509. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HARBOR MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,TORRANCE,CA 90509. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. HARBORVIEW MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SEATTLE,WA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 121 IS 2 BP 125 EP 128 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA WK233 UT WOS:A1997WK23300005 PM 9126038 ER PT J AU Gudmundsson, A Carnes, M AF Gudmundsson, A Carnes, M TI Pulsatile adrenocorticotropic hormone: An overview SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review DE hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis; corticotrophin; ultradian; circadian; pulsatility and periodicity ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE; INSULIN-INDUCED HYPOGLYCEMIA; PITUITARY VENOUS EFFLUENT; MAJOR DEPRESSIVE-ILLNESS; ARGININE-VASOPRESSIN; CORTISOL SECRETION; PLASMA ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN; ADRENAL AXIS; NORMAL MEN AB Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is secreted by corticotrophic cells in pulsatile bursts. This paper reviews the extant literature on the phenomenon of phenomenon of pulsatile. ACTH after addressing basic issues of hormone pulsatility in neuroendocrine systems. The following themes emerged from reviewing 51 studies measuring plasma ACTH at intervals of 20 min or less: marked inter-individual variability in the pattern of ACTH, the dependence of pulse identification on sampling frequency, the similarity in ACTH pulse amplitude and frequency across species, and rite predominance of amplitude over frequency changes in ACTH pulses in altered physiological states. As the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis plays a critical role in orchestrating adaptation and survival, the ability to modulate the shape of ACTH signals may prove to be an important means of transmitting complex information, to ACTH responsive cells. The clinical and neurobiological significance of temporal alterations in ACTH secretion represents an area for future investigation. (C) 1997 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R29DK40759] NR 111 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 41 IS 3 BP 342 EP 365 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00005-4 PG 24 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA WF218 UT WOS:A1997WF21800012 PM 9024958 ER PT J AU Hale, DE Cornell, JE Bennett, MJ AF Hale, DE Cornell, JE Bennett, MJ TI Stability of long-chain and short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity in postmortem liver SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE sudden infant death syndrome; fatty acid oxidation; inherited metabolic disease; pediatric chemistry; sample handling; rats ID FATTY-ACID OXIDATION; BETA-OXIDATION; INBORN-ERRORS; DEFICIENCY; SUDDEN; DEATH; DIAGNOSIS; DISORDERS; PREGNANCY; FREQUENCY AB Inherited enzyme defects in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) are associated with acute metabolic crisis and sudden death. Necropsy findings may be subtle, yielding no diagnosis and precluding genetic counseling. Preliminary identification of an FAO disorder requires the use of sophisticated tools (e.g., GC/MS) and specific body fluids, and the diagnosis rests on molecular analysis or enzyme assay. At present, confirmation of long-chain or short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency relies on measurement of enzyme activity. Here, we report our examination of the effect of storage temperature (25, 4, -20, and -70 degrees C) and the postmortem interval on enzyme activities in rat and human liver. Enzyme activity decreases 50% in 30 h in samples stored at 25 degrees C, whereas 55 h at 4 degrees C is required to reach this value; freezing minimizes this loss. Regardless of rate of degradation, however, the short-chain to long-chain activity ratio remains constant-which should make it possible to differentiate postmortem degradation from enzyme deficiency. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,AUDIE L MURPHY DIV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,CHILDRENS MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,CHILDRENS MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,DALLAS,TX 75235. RP Hale, DE (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 43 IS 2 BP 273 EP 278 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA WF913 UT WOS:A1997WF91300005 PM 9023129 ER PT J AU Rex, JH Pfaller, MA Galgiani, JN Bartlett, MS EspinelIngroff, A Ghannoum, MA Lancaster, M Odds, FC Rinaldi, MG Walsh, TJ Barry, AL AF Rex, JH Pfaller, MA Galgiani, JN Bartlett, MS EspinelIngroff, A Ghannoum, MA Lancaster, M Odds, FC Rinaldi, MG Walsh, TJ Barry, AL TI Development of interpretive breakpoints for antifungal susceptibility testing: Conceptual framework and analysis of in vitro in vivo correlation data for fluconazole, itraconazole, and Candida infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID SERUM BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITIES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; QUALITY-CONTROL GUIDELINES; BROTH MACRODILUTION METHOD; AMPHOTERICIN-B; RESISTANT CANDIDA; NATIONAL-COMMITTEE; PROTEIN-BINDING; PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES; MULTICENTER EVALUATION AB The availability of reproducible antifungal susceptibility testing methods now permits analysis of data correlating susceptibility in vitro with outcome in vivo in order to define interpretive breakpoints. In this paper, we have examined the conceptual framework underlying interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results and then used these ideas to drive analysis of data packages developed by the respective manufacturers that correlate fluconazole and itraconazole MICs with outcome of candidal infections, Tentative fluconazole interpretive breakpoints for MICs determined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards' M27-T broth macrodilution methodology are proposed: isolates for which MICs are less than or equal to 8 mu g/mL are susceptible to fluconazole, whereas those for which MICs are greater than or equal to 64 mu g/mL appear resistant, Isolates for which the MIC of fluconazole is 16-32 mu g/mL are considered susceptible dependent upon dose (S-DD), on the basis of data indicating clinical response when >100 mg of fluconazole per day is given, These breakpoints do not, however, apply to Candida krusei, as it is considered inherently resistant to fluconazole, Tentative interpretive MIC breakpoints for itraconazole apply only to mucosal candidal infections and are as follows: susceptible, less than or equal to 0.125 mu g/mL; S-DD, 0.25-0.5 mu g/mL; and resistant, greater than or equal to 1.0 mu g/mL. These tentative breakpoints are now open for public commentary. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV INFECT DIS,CTR STUDY EMERGING & REEMERGING PATHOGENS,HOUSTON,TX. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,TUCSON,AZ. UNIV ARIZONA,COLL MED,TUCSON,AZ. INDIANA UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,INDIANAPOLIS,IN. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,DIV INFECT DIS,RICHMOND,VA 23298. UNIV HOSP CLEVELAND,CTR MED MYCOL,DEPT DERMATOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,CLEVELAND,OH. ACCUMED INT INC,WESTLAKE,OH. JANSSEN RES FDN,B-2340 BEERSE,BELGIUM. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,LAB SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NCI,INFECT DIS SECT,PEDIAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. INST CLIN MICROBIOL,TUALATIN,OR. NR 123 TC 646 Z9 667 U1 3 U2 16 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 24 IS 2 BP 235 EP 247 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WH302 UT WOS:A1997WH30200026 PM 9114154 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI The pharmacology of meropenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS; IMIPENEM-CILASTATIN; METABOLITE ICI-213,689; RENAL IMPAIRMENT; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; INVITRO ACTIVITY; PHARMACOKINETICS; PENETRATION; ANIMALS; TISSUE AB Meropenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic, is more active against gram-negative bacilli and less active against gram-positive cocci than is imipenem, and there are several important structural differences between meropenem and the older carbapenem. These differences may be responsible for the lower potential for the induction of epileptogenic activity observed with meropenem as well as for its increased stability to degradation by dehydropeptidase-I. The pharmacokinetics of meropenem are typical of those of a parenteral beta-lactam antibiotic with low protein binding and predominantly renal excretion. Dosage reduction is required in patients with reduced renal function; no dosage adjustment is required for patients with hepatic impairment. Meropenem has excellent penetration in abdominal tissues, bile, blister fluid, inflammatory exudate, cerebrospinal fluid (in the presence of inflammation), gynecologic tissues, respiratory tract tissues, and urinary tract tissues; tissue levels are generally equal to or above the levels needed for the treatment of patients with susceptible pathogens. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 62 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 24 SU 2 BP S266 EP S275 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WJ929 UT WOS:A1997WJ92900014 PM 9126702 ER PT J AU Bonewald, LF Oreffo, ROC Lee, CH ParkSnyder, S Twardzik, D Mundy, GR AF Bonewald, LF Oreffo, ROC Lee, CH ParkSnyder, S Twardzik, D Mundy, GR TI Effects of retinol on activation of latent transforming growth factor-beta by isolated osteoclasts SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT COMPLEX; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; TGF-BETA; BINDING-PROTEIN; FACTOR-BETA-1 PRECURSOR; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MANNOSE 6-PHOSPHATE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS AB The multifunctional cytokine, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta), is found in many tissues in a latent or inactive form. The nature and composition of the latent complex can tissue type. The release of active TGF beta from its latent complex is a potentially important mechanism for regulation of TGF beta activity. Wb have shown previously that Osteoclasts activate latent TGF beta produced by bone and that bone cells produce a 100-kDa latent complex that lacks the latent TGF beta-binding protein. Here we investigated the effects of retinol on osteoclast activation of various forms of latent TGF beta. Two sources of osteoclasts were used that provide either ma ture avian osteoclasts or avian osteoclast precursors. Whereas both cell populations activate latent TGF beta, only mature osteoclasts respond to retinol with an increase in activation of latent TGF beta over basal levels. Activation could not be ascribed to pH changes in conditioned medium. Nonacid-dissociable 100-kDa latent complex, which is also produced by bone cells, was added to mature osteoclasts and to osteoclast precursors, but no activation was observed. Platelet latent TGF beta, which contains the 130-kDa latent TGF beta-binding protein, was activated,by both osteoclast populations. Conditioned medium from the precursor population activated. latent complex, whereas conditioned medium from mature cells did not. Activation of latent TGF beta by retinol-treated mature cells was not blocked by inhibitors of plasmin, nor was activation by conditioned medium from precursor cells. These data, suggest that retinol-induced activation of latent TGF beta by osteoclasts is dependent on other stage of differentiation of these cells and the presence of other cell types, and that unlike other cell systems, the plasmin-plasminogen activator mechanism is not involved. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST, SEATTLE, WA 98121 USA. RP Bonewald, LF (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, DIV ENDOCRINOL, 7703 FLOYD CURL DR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RI Oreffo, Richard/A-4615-2011 OI Oreffo, Richard/0000-0001-5995-6726 NR 54 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD FEB PY 1997 VL 138 IS 2 BP 657 EP 666 DI 10.1210/en.138.2.657 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WC646 UT WOS:A1997WC64600021 PM 9003000 ER PT J AU Tanaka, S Tache, Y Kaneko, H Guth, PH Kaunitz, JD AF Tanaka, S Tache, Y Kaneko, H Guth, PH Kaunitz, JD TI Central vagal activation increases mucus gel thickness and surface cell intracellular pH in rat stomach SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW; GASTRIC-MUCOSA; URETHANE ANESTHESIA; INTRACISTERNAL TRH; BARRIER FUNCTION; IN-VIVO; STIMULATION; ACID; PROSTAGLANDINS AB Background & Aims: Central vagal stimulation induced by the thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogue RX 77368 injected intracisternally in urethane-anesthetized rats is gastroprotective, In an in vivo system, the effects of central RX 77368 on discrete components of the rat gastric mucosal barrier were studied to determine if these effects were prostaglandin synthesis dependent, Methods: Using intravital microscopy, intracellular pH of gastric surface cells, mucus gel thickness, gastric mucosal blood flow, and acid output were measured simultaneously in vivo, Results: Intracisternal RX 77368 significantly increased acid output, gel thickness, and blood flow, Indomethacin enhanced the RX 77368-induced increase in acid output but had no effect on measures of gastric defense during mucosal superfusion with neutral solutions, During acid superfusion, RX 77368 delayed acidification and enhanced recovery of surface cell intracellular pH, These latter effects were reversed partially by indomethacin. Omeprazole abolished RX 77368-induced acid secretion but did not alter its effects on gastric defense mechanisms, Conclusions: In response to central vagal stimulation with RX 77368, gastric defense mechanisms were enhanced through prostaglandin-dependent and -independent pathways, in contrast to the prostaglandin-independent effects of intravenous pentagastrin. RX 77368-induced enhancements of gastric defense mechanisms did not occur as a result of acid secretion. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,CURE,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-30110, DK-41301]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 48 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD FEB PY 1997 VL 112 IS 2 BP 409 EP 417 DI 10.1053/gast.1997.v112.pm9024294 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WF185 UT WOS:A1997WF18500014 PM 9024294 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, RP Mark, RJ Tran, LM Juillard, GF AF Zimmerman, RP Mark, RJ Tran, LM Juillard, GF TI Concomitant pilocarpine during head and neck irradiation is associated with decreased posttreatment xerostomia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE pilocarpine; xerostomia; parotid; radiation; cancer ID ORAL PILOCARPINE; CANCER-PATIENTS; SALIVARY; RADIOSENSITIVITY; GLANDS AB Purpose: To retrospectively compare subjective postirradiation xerostomia scores of patients who received concomitant oral pilocarpine during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and 3 months thereafter with those of similar cohorts who did not receive pilocarpine. Methods and Materials: Subjective xerostomia was assessed using a visual analog scale xerostomia questionnaire that measured oral dryness, oral comfort, difficulty with sleep, speech, and eating, The concomitant pilocarpine group had both parotid glands in the initial field treated to at least 45 Gy and received 5 mg pilocarpine hydrochloride four times per day (q.i.d.) beginning on the first day of radiotherapy and continuing for 3 months after completion of radiation, The control cohort had also received at least 45 Gy to both parotid glands and had not received pilocarpine at the time of evaluation. Scores on the visual analog scale were averaged and compared using the Student's t-test. Results: Seventeen patients who received concomitant pilocarpine during head and neck irradiation and 18 patients who had not been treated with pilocarpine were available for follow-up. The mean intervals between completion of radiation and evaluation of xerostomia were 17 months and 16 months, respectively. Only one of the pilocarpine-treated patients was still taking pilocarpine at the time of evaluation. For each of the individual components of xerostomia scored on the visual analog scale, as well as the composite of all components, the group that had received oral pilocarpine during radiation had significantly less xerostomia (p < 0.01 for each). Conclusions: The use of 5 mg oral pilocarpine q.i.d. during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and 3 months thereafter was associated with significantly less subjective xerostomia than that reported by a similar cohort of patients who had not received pilocarpine. The continued use of pilocarpine does not appear to be necessary to maintain this benefit in most patients. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 HOSP GOOD SAMARITAN,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90017. W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,DEPT RADIAT THERAPY,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Zimmerman, RP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,200 UCLA MED PLAZA,STE B265,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 12 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 37 IS 3 BP 571 EP 575 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(96)00557-3 PG 5 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WU360 UT WOS:A1997WU36000013 PM 9112455 ER PT J AU Moore, R Beredjiklian, P Rhoad, R Theiss, S Cuckler, J Ducheyne, P Baker, DG AF Moore, R Beredjiklian, P Rhoad, R Theiss, S Cuckler, J Ducheyne, P Baker, DG TI A comparison of the inflammatory potential of particulates derived from two composite materials SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEBRIS AB In order to develop total joint prostheses with moduli of elasticity close to bone while retaining excellent strength characteristics, composite materials are being developed. Composites consist of graphite fibers embedded in a polymer matrix. We studied the inflammatory potential of particulates derived from two composites with different matrix components, polysulfone (PFS) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), in the rat subcutaneous air pouch model. Neat components of the composites were studied separately in the air pouch. Particulates also were studied in culture using the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7, adherent synovial cells (ASC), and human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Particles derived from the PEKK-containing composite material consistently were less inflammatory than the PFS composite-derived particles, as measured by PMN infiltration, neutral metalloprotease activity, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity, and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) accumulation. Results from the neat materials confirmed the findings in the composite-derived material. PEKK composite-derived material produced less TNF from macrophage cultures, but there were no significant differences noted in PGE(2) production from ASC or in superoxide anion generation from PMNs. Particles from both PSF and PEKK produced minimal inflammatory responses in the rat subcutaneous air pouch. PEKK elicited a response virtually the same as the saline control and significantly less than that produced by particles of PSF. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DIV RHEUMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RHEUMATOL IMMUNOL CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT ORTHOPAED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT BIOENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 9 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 34 IS 2 BP 137 EP 147 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199702)34:2<137::AID-JBM1>3.0.CO;2-R PG 11 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA WF102 UT WOS:A1997WF10200001 PM 9029292 ER PT J AU Peabody, JW Gertler, PJ AF Peabody, JW Gertler, PJ TI Are clinical criteria just proxies for socioeconomic status? A study of low birth weight in Jamaica SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; PRENATAL-CARE; MORTALITY; DETERMINANTS; RISK AB Objective - To determine if the clinical risk factors for low birth weight are independent of socioeconomic risk factors in a population based sample from a developing country. Design - Survey data from patient reported socioeconomic measures and their most recent pregnancy history. Setting - A national sample of randomly selected households in Jamaica. Subjects - All women aged 14-50 in the household who had had a pregnancy lasting seven months in the past five years (n = 952). Main outcome measure - Birth weight. Results - Clinical risk factors for low birth weight, such as parity and age, are independent of socioeconomic determinants, such as consumption and where a mother Lives. Women who are nulliparous, 35 or older, poor, or living in certain areas are more likely to have lower birth weight children than those that do not have these characteristics (t statistics >2.0). The addition of socioeconomic factors to the multiple regression does not alter the estimates for the clinical risk factors for low birth weight. Thus, the effect of being nulliparous can be offset by being in the highest consumption quintile and, conversely, the risk of being older will be compounded if women are poor. Conclusions - Both clinical and socioeconomic risk factors should be used to target women at risk. In terms of the quality of care, this study Links clinical and socioeconomic risk factors to poor outcomes. Further studies are needed, however, to link the quality of care at various locations to these outcomes. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SCH PUBL HLTH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Peabody, JW (reprint author), RAND CORP,1700 MAIN ST,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407, USA. FU AHRQ HHS [1T32 HS00046-01]; NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD28372-01-05] NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0143-005X J9 J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H JI J. Epidemiol. Community Health PD FEB PY 1997 VL 51 IS 1 BP 90 EP 95 DI 10.1136/jech.51.1.90 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA WG766 UT WOS:A1997WG76600017 PM 9135795 ER PT J AU Shao, WA Williams, JW Lee, SK Badgett, RG Aaronson, B Cornell, JE AF Shao, WA Williams, JW Lee, SK Badgett, RG Aaronson, B Cornell, JE TI Knowledge and attitudes about depression among non-generalists and generalists SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE depression; knowledge; attitudes; practice; physicians; family ID PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; MEDICAL OUTCOMES; HEALTH-CARE; DISORDERS; ANXIETY; PRACTITIONERS; RECOGNITION; SERVICES AB BACKGROUND. The purpose of this study was to learn more about barriers to managing depression by comparing knowledge and attitudes about depression among physicians, internists, obstetrician-gynecologists, and a reference group of psychiatrists. Among the non-psychiatrists, we hypothesized that generalist physicians would have more favorable attitudes and greater knowledge about depression than non-generalists. METHODS. Survey questionnaires were sent to resident and faculty physicians (N=375) of two university-affiliated medical centers. The physicians were classified as non-generalists (medicine subspecialists, transitional year interns, and obstetrician-gynecologists), generalists (general internists and family physicians), and psychiatrists. A 33-item written questionnaire assessed knowledge and three attitudinal dimensions: attitudes attributed by physicians to patients; physicians' confidence in managing depression; and physicians' psychosocial orientation. A knowledge scale and an attitudes scale were scored by adding the number of knowledge items answered correctly and the more favorable attitudinal responses. Multivariable regression was used to identify physician characteristics among non-generalists and generalists associated with higher knowledge and attitudinal scores. RESULTS. Response rate was 82%. Sixty percent of the respondents were male, 63% were resident physicians, and 14% had advanced psychosocial training. Non-generalists and generalists had similar demographic characteristics, but psychiatrists were significantly more experienced. Psychiatrists had the most favorable attitudes, followed by generalists and non-generalists; Compared with non-generalists, generalists were more confident in prescribing antidepressants (62% vs 25%), more likely to report that treating depression is rewarding (71% vs 39%), and less likely to refer to a psychiatrist (58% vs 79%). Generalist classification, increased experience, and higher levels of psychosocial training were associated with more favorable attitudes. Knowledge scores were significantly higher for psychiatrists than for non-generalists and generalists. Among non-psychiatrists, correct responses for knowledge items were: treatment efficacy (61%), treatment duration (59%), greater than or equal to 5 DSM-III-R criteria (52%), and prevalence of depression (30%). Among those with incorrect responses, both non-generalists and generalists overestimated the prevalence (52%) and underestimated the efficacy of drug therapy (30%). CONCLUSIONS. Generalists and non-generalists have similar and relatively good basic knowledge about depression. Misperceptions about treatment efficacy, and attitudinal barriers, particularly among non-generalists, may compromise the physician's ability to diagnose and manage depression. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 FU PHS HHS [IT20A612044-04] NR 33 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 6 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 44 IS 2 BP 161 EP 168 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WH210 UT WOS:A1997WH21000006 PM 9040519 ER PT J AU Li, Y Uccelli, A Laxer, KD Jeong, MC Vinters, HV Tourtellotte, WW Hauser, SL Oksenberg, JR AF Li, Y Uccelli, A Laxer, KD Jeong, MC Vinters, HV Tourtellotte, WW Hauser, SL Oksenberg, JR TI Local-clonal expansion of infiltrating T lymphocytes in chronic encephalitis of Rasmussen SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; VARIABLE REGION GENES; MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; RECEPTOR V-BETA; PRIMERS PCR-SSP; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; CELL; EPILEPSY; REPERTOIRE; SPECIFICITY AB Rasmussen's syndrome is a progressive and intractable form of epilepsy characterized pathologically by focal brain inflammation with large numbers of infiltrating T lymphocytes. To better understand the nature of the T cell response in this disease, we analyzed TCR expression in the brain lesions using PCR for quantitative assessment of TCRBV gene transcripts, together with size and sequence analysis of the third complementarity-determining region (CDR3) of the dominant TCR rearrangements, Restricted (oligoclonal) BV family usage was not observed, as all of the 22 BV PCR products were usually detected at levers exceeding the background, However, significant individual biases in the frequencies of different TCR families was evident, The distinct pattern of BV expression by infiltrating lymphocytes detected in the original PCR screening suggested a specific immune response, The primary structure of the rearranged CDR3 sequences for the BV family expressed at highest level in each sample was studied by size and sequence analysis, The data showed that predominant TCR BV families expressed in diseased brain tissue displayed limited size heterogeneity and extensive repetition of in-frame CDR3 nucleotide motifs. These findings demonstrate that the local immune response in Rasmussen's syndrome includes restricted T cell populations that have likely expanded from a few precursor T cells responding to discrete antigenic epitopes. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR MED,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RI Hauser, Stephen/J-2978-2016 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 28383] NR 48 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 158 IS 3 BP 1428 EP 1437 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA WE020 UT WOS:A1997WE02000050 PM 9013988 ER PT J AU Kuivenhoven, JA Pritchard, H Hill, J Frohlich, J Assmann, G Kastelein, J AF Kuivenhoven, JA Pritchard, H Hill, J Frohlich, J Assmann, G Kastelein, J TI The molecular pathology of lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency syndromes SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE fish-eye disease; familial LCAT deficiency; mutation; genetics; human; lipoproteins; HDL deficiency ID FISH-EYE DISEASE; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; MASSIVE CORNEAL OPACITIES; ACYL TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY; DIFFERENT ALLELIC MUTATIONS; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; CELL-DERIVED CHOLESTEROL; AMINO-ACID EXCHANGE; FAMILIAL LECITHIN AB Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency syndromes represent a group of rare genetic disorders of HDL metabolism that have been the subject of a large number of clinical, biochemical, and genetic studies. Of special interest are patients with LCAT-related disorders with severe HDL deficiency and the apparent absence of premature atherosclerosis. This finding is inconsistent with the general concept that low HDL cholesterol levels are an obligate risk factor for atherosclerosis. In this review, we describe 36 natural mutations in the LCAT gene that result in either familial LCAT deficiency (FLD) or the milder phenotype known as fish-eye disease (FED). We propose a new classification of the natural mutations of the LCAT gene that are described to date. The defects are divided into-four classes based on both the clinical and biochemical characterization of the patient and data that were obtained from the functional assessment of the mutant proteins. We define FLD-associated mutations that underlie a complete or nearly complete loss of LCAT activity due to null mutations (Class 1), and missense mutations (Class 2), respectively. In addition, we distinguish two classes of FED-associated mutations (Classes 3,4) that underlie a partial impairment of LCAT activity but differ in their lipoprotein substrate specificity. In addition, we review the evidence of atherosclerosis in subjects with LCAT deficiency syndromes. The observation that 6 (all males) of a total of 19 FED subjects suffered from premature CAD (as defined by <55 years of age and <60 years of age for women and men, respectively) challenges the earlier assumption that the FED phenotype is not associated with increased risk of CAD. However, premature CAD remains an unusual clinical complication in FLD subjects. C1 ST PAULS HOSP, DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED, ATHEROSCLEROSIS SPECIALTY LAB, VANCOUVER, BC V6Z 1Y6, CANADA. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, BC V6Z 1Y6, CANADA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LIPID RES LAB, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV MUNSTER, INST ARTERIOSKLEROSEFORSCH, D-48149 MUNSTER, GERMANY. RP Kuivenhoven, JA (reprint author), UNIV AMSTERDAM, ACAD MED CTR,DEPT VASC MED,MEIBERGDREEF 9, ROOM G1-114, POB 22700, NL-1100 DE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 30086] NR 102 TC 240 Z9 249 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 38 IS 2 BP 191 EP 205 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA WM242 UT WOS:A1997WM24200001 PM 9162740 ER PT J AU Cerne, R Spain, WJ AF Cerne, R Spain, WJ TI GABA(A) mediated afterdepolarization in pyramidal neurons from rat neocortex SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INHIBITORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIALS; SENSORIMOTOR CORTEX INVITRO; IONIC MECHANISMS; CORTICAL-NEURONS; VISUAL-CORTEX; LAYER-V; DENDRITES; CAT; RESPONSES; CELLS AB We report a novel slow afterdepolarization (sADP) in layer V pyramidal neurons when brain slices from somatosensory cortex are perfused with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Whole cell recordings were made from visually identified neurons in slices from 3- to 5-wk-old rats. The firing of action potentials at 100 Hz for 1 s, evoked by a train of brief current pulses, typically is followed by a slow afterhyperpolarization (sAHP). When GABA(1 mM) was applied to the perfusate, the sAHP was replaced by a sADP of approximate to 18 mV in amplitude, which on average lasted for 26 s. The sADP was not evoked or terminated as an all-or-none event: it grew in amplitude and duration as the number of evoked action potentials was increased; and when the sADP was interrupted with hyperpolarizing current steps, its amplitude and duration were graded in a time- and voltage-dependent manner. The sADP did not depend on Ca2+ entry into the cell: it could be evoked when bath Ca2+ was replaced by Mn2+ or in neurons dialyzed with 20 mM bis-(o-aminophenoxy)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid. We hypothesized that the sADP was generated predominantly in the dendrites because it was associated with the firing of small-amplitude action potentials that continued after the somatic membrane potential was repolarized to -70 mV by steady current injection. We tested this hypothesis by evoking the sADP in neurons with surgically amputated apical dendrites. In those neurons, the average duration of the sADP was 78% shorter than in neurons with an intact apical dendrite and there were no associated small action potentials. The sADP also was evoked by muscimol, but not by baclofen, and was blocked by bicuculline or picrotoxin but not by CGP 35348, indicating that it is mediated through the activation of GABA, receptors. Our results suggest that intense activity in the presence of GABA results in a long-lasting enhancement of excitability in the apical dendrite that in turn could lead to amplification of distal excitatory synaptic potentials. C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROBIOL & PHYSIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT BIOPHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. FU BLRD VA [I01 BX000386] NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3077 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 77 IS 2 BP 1039 EP 1045 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA WK036 UT WOS:A1997WK03600044 PM 9065869 ER PT J AU Vallabhajosula, S Hirschowitz, J Machac, J AF Vallabhajosula, S Hirschowitz, J Machac, J TI Effect of haloperidol dose on iodine-123-IBZM brain SPECT imaging in schizophrenic patients SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE iodine-123-IBZM; receptor imaging; schizophrenia ID D2-DOPAMINE RECEPTOR OCCUPANCY; I-123 IBZM; EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; DOPAMINE-RECEPTORS; NEUROLEPTICS; CLOZAPINE; BINDING; DRUGS; AGENT AB Studies have suggested that antipsychotic drug therapy with haloperidol in schizophrenic patients requires an optimal dose that blocks the brain dopamine D2 receptors. We evaluated the effect of different doses of haloperidol on D2 receptor occupancy in schizophrenia. Methods: Three normal subjects and three patients with acute schizophrenia had serial brain SPECT imaging studies (every 5 min) for 3 hr following the injection of [I-123]IBZM. The patients had IBZM studies off medication and at different doses (1-10 mg) of haloperidol. Results: The basal ganglia (BG) were well visualized in normals and in schizophrenics off medication. After haloperidol therapy, SPECT images showed qualitatively diminished activity in the basal ganglia. ROIs were drawn over the basal ganglia and cerebellum (CE). The results were expressed as BG/CE ratios. At 2 hr postinjection of IBZM, the mean BG/CE ratio in normals was 1.75 +/- 0.025. In schizophrenics, the BG/CE ratio off medication was 1.54 +/- 0.12. The BC/CE ratio showed an inverse relationship to haloperidol dose; 1.46 at 1 mg, 1.25 at 4 mg and 1.05 at 10 mg, respectively. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that IBZM brain SPECT imaging studies are potentially useful to relate the antipsychotic drug D2 receptor occupancy with the administered dose in schizophrenic patients and may ultimately help optimize antipsychotic treatment. C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. RP Vallabhajosula, S (reprint author), MT SINAI MED CTR,DIV NUCL MED,DEPT RADIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10029, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 38 IS 2 BP 203 EP 207 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WF888 UT WOS:A1997WF88800017 PM 9025736 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Rivier, J Wang, LX Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Rivier, J Wang, LX Tache, Y TI Central injection of a new corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist, astressin, blocks CRF- and stress-related alterations of gastric and colonic motor function SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID C-FOS EXPRESSION; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAT-BRAIN; GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT; COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISTS; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; RESPONSES; SURGERY; INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA AB The influence of central injection of a new corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) antagonist, astressin, {cyclo(30-33)[D-Phe(12),Nle(21,38),Glu(30),Lys(33)]r/hCRF(12-41)}, on exogenous and endogenous CRF-induced gastric ileus and stimulation of bowel discharges was investigated in conscious rats. Intracisternal (ic) CRF (0.6 mu g) reduced gastric emptying of a noncaloric solution to 17.1 +/- 4.9% compared with 50.1 +/- 4.6% in control group injected ic with vehicle. Astressin (1, 3 and 10 mu g, ic) dose dependently prevented ic CRF-induced delayed gastric emptying by 33, 100 and 100%, respectively, and had no effect on basal gastric emptying. Abdominal surgery with cecal manipulation (1 min) reduced gastric emptying to 19.8 +/- 5.5% 3 hr postsurgery compared with 59.9 +/- 5.2% after anesthesia alone plus ic vehicle. Astressin (1, 3 and 10 mu g, ic) prevented postoperative gastric ileus by 56, 93 and 92%, respectively. Intracerebroventricular CRF (0.6 mu g) and water-avoidance stress stimulated pellet output (number/60 min) to 5 +/- 1 and 11 +/- 2, respectively, compared with no fecal pellet output after icv vehicle and no exposure to stress. Astressin (3 and 10 mu g, icv) blocked exogenous CRF action by 47 and 63%, respectively, and colonic response to stress by 0 and 54%, respectively. These data indicate that astressin injected into the CSF at low doses (1-10 mu g) has an antagonistic action against CRF and stress-related alterations of gastrointestinal motor function, without an intrinsic effect in these in vivo systems. Astressin may be a useful tool to explore functional CRF-dependent physiological pathways in specific brain nuclei. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Martinez, V (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-26741, DK-33061, DK-41301] NR 45 TC 127 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 280 IS 2 BP 754 EP 760 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA WG580 UT WOS:A1997WG58000030 PM 9023288 ER PT J AU Morrell, MJ Arabi, Y Zahn, B Dempsey, JA Badr, MX AF Morrell, MJ Arabi, Y Zahn, B Dempsey, JA Badr, MX TI Changes in pharyngeal calibre during breaths preceding obstructive sleep apnoea in humans SO JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CHARING CROSS & WESTMINSTER MED SCH,DEPT MED,LONDON W6 8RF,ENGLAND. UW,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,MADISON,NJ. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-3751 J9 J PHYSIOL-LONDON JI J. Physiol.-London PD FEB PY 1997 VL 499P SI SI BP P69 EP P69 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA WU054 UT WOS:A1997WU05400100 ER PT J AU Garrett, NR Kapur, KK Hasse, AL Dent, RJ Frechette, AR Deupree, R Sprigg, RH Irvin, DA Feller, RP Arakski, CA Perrone, M Carroll, G Wiedlin, RA Blechman, H Carroll, GW Ehrlich, P Shklar, G Chang, P Topazian, R Komenda, B Lee, M Paradise, C Economou, T Danner, P Brady, A Dillon, A Melikian, A Villnaueva, L Moran, A Sambrano, E Slagle, B Villetto, B AF Garrett, NR Kapur, KK Hasse, AL Dent, RJ Frechette, AR Deupree, R Sprigg, RH Irvin, DA Feller, RP Arakski, CA Perrone, M Carroll, G Wiedlin, RA Blechman, H Carroll, GW Ehrlich, P Shklar, G Chang, P Topazian, R Komenda, B Lee, M Paradise, C Economou, T Danner, P Brady, A Dillon, A Melikian, A Villnaueva, L Moran, A Sambrano, E Slagle, B Villetto, B TI Veterans Administration Cooperative Dental Implant Study - Comparisons between fixed partial dentures supported by blade-vent implants and removable partial dentures .5. Comparisons of pretreatment and posttreatment dietary intakes SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Dental-Research CY MAR 08-12, 1995 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP Amer Assoc Dent Res ID 2 TREATMENT MODALITIES; MASTICATION; PATTERNS; HEALTH; POPULATION; NUTRITION; DENTITION; ADEQUACY; PATIENT; AGE AB Problem. Good scientific evidence is lacking on the impact of improvement in masticatory function after prosthodontic restoration of missing teeth. Purpose. This study compares 1-week dietary intakes of 218 healthy, male patients, 111 patients restored with mandibular unilateral or bilateral distal base extension removable partial dentures and 107 patients with fixed partial dentures. Material and Methods. Dietary logs recorded before the initiation of treatment and 6-months after the baseline period after partial denture treatment were analyzed for 30 nutritional variables of food intakes including total calories, fats, carbohydrates, proteins, fiber, and a number of vitamins and minerals. Results. Both before and after treatment, intakes of various nutrients were more than 25% above or below the RDAs for approximately half of the patients in both groups. No significant differences were observed between the mean scores of the two groups for any of the 30 variables either before or after treatment. However, beneficial treatment effects were seen in subsets of patients with lour and high caloric intakes at entry. Both treatments increased the intakes of calories and 27 nutrients in the low caloric group and decreased the intakes of calories and 27 nutrients in the high caloric group. The decreases in the caloric intake and eight nutrients, including total protein, fat, carbohydrates, and cholesterol, were significantly greater (p <0.05) in the fixed partial denture group than those in the removable partial denture group. Conclusions. These beneficial effects of partial dentures, if verified by other studies, may have profound clinical implications for the undernourished and obese patients. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH DENT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH DENT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP Garrett, NR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,OUTPATIENT CLIN,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 220,ROOM 122,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 77 IS 2 BP 153 EP 161 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70229-4 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WJ365 UT WOS:A1997WJ36500012 PM 9051603 ER PT J AU Lish, JD Kuzma, MA Lush, DT Plescia, G Farber, NJ Zimmerman, M AF Lish, JD Kuzma, MA Lush, DT Plescia, G Farber, NJ Zimmerman, M TI Psychiatric screening in primary care: What do patients really want? SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE mental disorders; primary care; patient satisfaction; screening ID MEDICAL PATIENTS; PANIC DISORDER; DEPRESSION; SATISFACTION; PRACTITIONERS; PREVALENCE; PHYSICIANS; TREAT AB Psychiatric disorders are common in primary care, but underdiagnosed. U.S. physician reluctance to diagnose psychiatric illnesses is partly attributable to the belief that patients do not want their primary care physician to assess mental health. Six hundred one patients in a U.S. general internal medicine practice completed the SCREENER, a self-report questionnaire which screens for 15 psychiatric disorders, and another questionnaire about the SCREENER. Patients were predominantly female, unmarried, black, high school graduates. Only 3% thought that their physician should never evaluate their mental health. More than 60% desired periodic mental health screening, and one third wanted psychiatric assessment only when a problem was suspected. Attitudes toward questionnaire screening were less positive than toward physician interview. Patients were more likely to want screening if they were female, unmarried, young, had a history of mental health treatment, reported psychiatric symptoms, or were in fair-poor subjective physical or mental health. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DIV GEN MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA. BROWN UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. RP Lish, JD (reprint author), COMPASS INFORMAT SERV INC,SUITE 410,1060 1ST AVE,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406, USA. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3999 J9 J PSYCHOSOM RES JI J. Psychosomat. Res. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 42 IS 2 BP 167 EP 175 DI 10.1016/S0022-3999(96)00235-8 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WK442 UT WOS:A1997WK44200006 PM 9076644 ER PT J AU Singh, BN AF Singh, BN TI Acute conversion of atrial fibrillation and flutter: Direct current cardioversion versus intravenously administered pure class III agents SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID SINUS RHYTHM; POTENTIALS C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT 111E,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 29 IS 2 BP 391 EP 393 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WE838 UT WOS:A1997WE83800024 PM 9014994 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Bailey, SR Rozek, MM Samples, S Mego, DM SaundersWebb, E Miller, L Ebersole, D Chilton, R AF Kiesz, RS Bailey, SR Rozek, MM Samples, S Mego, DM SaundersWebb, E Miller, L Ebersole, D Chilton, R TI Long term results after ''optimal'' high speed rotational atherectomy in long calcified lesions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,AUDIE MURPHY DIV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 29 IS 2 SU A BP 1211 EP 1211 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WF761 UT WOS:A1997WF76101348 ER PT J AU Murray, DR Prabhu, SD Freeman, GL AF Murray, DR Prabhu, SD Freeman, GL TI Divergent time-dependent effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on relaxation restitution and tau in closed-chest dogs SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 29 IS 2 SU A BP 7582 EP 7582 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WF761 UT WOS:A1997WF76100901 ER PT J AU Prabhu, SD Murray, DR AF Prabhu, SD Murray, DR TI Effect of ryanodine on mechanical and relaxation restitution in closed-chest dogs: Insights into calcium handling SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 29 IS 2 SU A BP 7584 EP 7584 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WF761 UT WOS:A1997WF76100903 ER PT J AU Chandrasekar, B Melby, PC Freeman, GL AF Chandrasekar, B Melby, PC Freeman, GL TI Proinflammatory cytokine mRNA and protein expression in acute chagasic cardiomyopathy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 29 IS 2 SU A BP 99560 EP 99560 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WF761 UT WOS:A1997WF76101204 ER PT J AU Sellman, BR Kagan, BL Tweten, RK AF Sellman, BR Kagan, BL Tweten, RK TI Generation of a membrane-bound, oligomerized pre-pore complex is necessary for pore formation by Clostridium septicum alpha toxin SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ERYTHROCYTE-MEMBRANES; AEROLYSIN; AGGREGATION; MECHANISM; INSERTION; BILAYERS AB Low-temperature inhibition of the cytolytic activity of alpha toxin has facilitated the identification of an important step in the cytolytic mechanism of this toxin. When alpha toxin-dependent haemolysis was measured on erythrocytes at various temperatures it was clear that at temperatures less than or equal to 15 degrees C the haemolysis rate was significantly inhibited with little or no haemolysis occurring at 4 degrees C. Alpha toxin appeared to bind to and oligomerize on erythrocyte membranes with similar kinetics at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C, The slight differences in these two processes at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C could not account for the loss of cytolytic activity at low temperature. At 4 degrees C alpha toxin neither stimulated potassium release from erythrocytes nor formed pores in planar membranes. In contrast, at temperatures greater than or equal to 25 degrees C both processes proceeded rapidly, Pores that were opened in osmotically stabilized erythrocytes could not be closed by low temperature. Therefore, low temperature appeared to prevent the oligomerized complex from forming a pore in the membrane, These data support the hypothesis that alpha toxin oligomerizes into a membrane-bound, pre-pore complex prior to formation of a pore in a lipid bilayer. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90025. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90025. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI032097] NR 21 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 551 EP 558 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.d01-1876.x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA WF231 UT WOS:A1997WF23100013 PM 9044288 ER PT J AU Melany, ML Grant, EG AF Melany, ML Grant, EG TI Clinical experience with sonographic contrast agents SO SEMINARS IN ULTRASOUND CT AND MRI LA English DT Article ID HEPATIC-TUMORS; ENHANCEMENT; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; OPACIFICATION; MICROBUBBLES; INJECTION; RABBITS; TRIAL; LIVER RP Melany, ML (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 40 TC 32 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0887-2171 J9 SEMIN ULTRASOUND CT JI Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI PD FEB PY 1997 VL 18 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1016/S0887-2171(97)90033-0 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WW823 UT WOS:A1997WW82300002 PM 9143061 ER PT J AU Loveless, MO Phillips, CR Giraud, GD Holden, WE AF Loveless, MO Phillips, CR Giraud, GD Holden, WE TI Decreased exhaled nitric oxide in subjects with HIV infection SO THORAX LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; human immunodeficiency virus ID ASTHMATIC-PATIENTS; AIR AB Background - Nitric oxide (NO) may be an important component of the host defence against infections. Endogenously produced NO is present in exhaled air and may be representative of respiratory tract production of NO. Since subjects infected with HIV are prone to develop respiratory infections, it was postulated that exhaled NO might be reduced in such individuals. Methods - The exhaled concentration of NO (n1/1) and minute ventilation (1/min) were measured and exhaled NO release (nl/ min/m(2)) calculated in 36 subjects infected with HIV (20 non-smokers, 16 smokers) and 31 non-smoking subjects with no active medical conditions. Results - Exhaled NO from HIV positive individuals was less than from control subjects of similar age, height, and weight. Cigarette smoking did not account for the decreased exhaled NO in HIV positive individuals as both smoking and non-smoking HIV positive subjects had decreased exhaled NO compared with control subjects. Conclusion - Exhaled NO is decreased in subjects infected with the HIV. Since NO functions in host defence against bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, reduced exhaled NO may indicate a mechanism of impaired host defence in HIV infection. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VA MED CTR,MED SERV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. NR 10 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0040-6376 J9 THORAX JI Thorax PD FEB PY 1997 VL 52 IS 2 BP 185 EP 186 PG 2 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA WF639 UT WOS:A1997WF63900020 PM 9059483 ER PT J AU Zhong, WX Oberley, LW Oberley, TD StClair, DK AF Zhong, WX Oberley, LW Oberley, TD StClair, DK TI Suppression of the malignant phenotype of human glioma cells by overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE MnSOD; tumor suppressor gene; gene transfection; glioma; antioxidant enzymes; reactive oxygen species ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; EXPRESSION VECTOR; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GENE; MELANOMA; DIFFERENTIATION; CHROMOSOME-6; METASTASIS; INDUCTION AB Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) has been previously shown to suppress the malignant phenotype of human melanoma and breast cancer cells, To test the possible role of MnSOD in glioma malignancy, MnSOD was overexpressed in wild type human glioma U118 cells and subcloned U118-9 cells by transfection of human MnSOD cDNA, The MnSOD-transfected cell lines demonstrated expression of exogenous (plasmid) MnSOD mRNA, increase in MnSOD immunoreactive protein, and a three- to eightfold increase in MnSOD enzymatic activity, The MnSOD overexpressing cell lines became less malignant as demonstrated by requiring a higher serum concentration to grow in vitro and much slower tumor growth in nude mice than the parental and neo control cell lines, These findings further support the hypothesis that MnSOD may be a tumor suppressor gene in a aide variety of human tumors. C1 UNIV IOWA,RADIAT RES LAB,MED LABS 77,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PATHOL SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV KENTUCKY,GRAD CTR TOXICOL,LEXINGTON,KY 40536. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 41267, CA 49797]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE 10758] NR 38 TC 180 Z9 192 U1 0 U2 3 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JAN 30 PY 1997 VL 14 IS 4 BP 481 EP 490 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1200852 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA WE364 UT WOS:A1997WE36400011 PM 9053845 ER PT J AU Abraira, C Colwell, J Nuttall, F Sawin, CT Henderson, W Comstock, JP Emanuele, NV Levin, SR Pacold, I Lee, HS Silbert, CK Cxypoliski, R Vasquez, M Kernan, D Niewoehner, C Backes, M Bradley, M Bradley, M Crow, R Rubino, F Bushnell, D Pfeifer, M Service, FJ Howard, B Chew, E Hoogwerf, B Seigel, D Clark, CM Olefsky, JM Porte, D Sussman, KE Johnson, N Christine, B Tir, K Sather, M Day, P Morgan, N Deykin, D Gold, J Huang, P AF Abraira, C Colwell, J Nuttall, F Sawin, CT Henderson, W Comstock, JP Emanuele, NV Levin, SR Pacold, I Lee, HS Silbert, CK Cxypoliski, R Vasquez, M Kernan, D Niewoehner, C Backes, M Bradley, M Bradley, M Crow, R Rubino, F Bushnell, D Pfeifer, M Service, FJ Howard, B Chew, E Hoogwerf, B Seigel, D Clark, CM Olefsky, JM Porte, D Sussman, KE Johnson, N Christine, B Tir, K Sather, M Day, P Morgan, N Deykin, D Gold, J Huang, P TI Cardiovascular events and correlates in the Veterans Affairs diabetes feasibility trial - Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on gylcemic control and complications in type II diabetes SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BLOOD-GLUCOSE CONTROL; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; INSULIN THERAPY; RISK-FACTORS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; NIDDM PATIENTS; MELLITUS; RETINOPATHY AB Background: The risks and benefits of intensive therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) need to be defined. In preparation for a long-term trial, a feasibility study of 153 men in 5 medical centers compared standard vs intensive insulin therapy. Objective: To assess the rate of development of new cardiovascular events and their correlates. Methods: Patients with a mean+/-SD age of 60+/-6 years and diagnosis of NIDDM for 7.8+/-4.0 years were randomly assigned to a standard (1 insulin injection every morning) or to an intensive treatment arm (stepped plan from 1 evening injection of insulin, alone or with glipizide, to multiple daily injections) designed to attain near-normal glycemia levels. A 2.07% separation of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) was sustained for a mean follow-up of 27 months (P<.001). Predefined cardiovascular events were assessed by a committee unaware of treatment assignment. Results: Mild and moderate hypoglycemic events were more frequent in the intensive than in the standard treatment arm (16.5 vs 1.5 per patient per year, respectively). Mean insulin dose was 23% lower in the standard treatment arm (P<.001). There were 61 new cardiovascular events in 24 patients (32%) in the intensive treatment arm and in 16 patients (20%) in the standard treatment arm (P=.10). There was no difference in total and cardiovascular mortality (n=5 and n=3 in the intensive and standard treatment arms, respectively) or in new events in patients with cardiovascular history (n=10 in each arm). In Cox regression analysis, the only significant correlate for new cardiovascular events was previous cardiovascular disease (P=.04). Entering in the analysis any baseline cardiovascular abnormality, the regression model indicated a lower HbA(1c) level prior to the event as the only correlate for new cardiovascular events (P=.05). Conclusion: A long-term prospective trial is needed to assess the risk-benefit ratio of intensive insulin therapy for NIDDM in patients who require it. C1 VA COOPERAT STUDIES CTR, HINES, IL USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, RES SERV, CHARLESTON, MN USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, ENDOCRINOL SECT, MINNEAPOLIS, MN USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, ENDOCRINOL SECT, BOSTON, MA USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, AMBULATORY CARE SERV, HOUSTON, TX USA. WADSWORTH DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, SPECIAL DIAG & TREATMENT UNIT, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. LOYOLA UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT CARDIOL, MAYWOOD, IL 60153 USA. MACNEAL MEM HOSP, BERWYN, IL USA. VET AFFAIRS COOPERAT STUDIES PROGRAM, COORDINATING CTR, HINES, IL USA. COOPERAT STUDIES CENT RES PHARM, ALBUQUERQUE, NM USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS, CENT OFF, BOSTON, MA USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS, CENT OFF, WASHINGTON, DC USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, SCH PUBL HLTH, CENT ELECTROGRAM READING LAB, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. RP Abraira, C (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS, VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP, ENDOCRINOL DIABET SECT, POB 5000, HINES, IL 60141 USA. NR 52 TC 213 Z9 221 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 EI 1538-3679 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JAN 27 PY 1997 VL 157 IS 2 BP 181 EP 188 DI 10.1001/archinte.157.2.181 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WD844 UT WOS:A1997WD84400006 PM 9009975 ER PT J AU Hall, SJ Mutchnik, SE Chen, SH Woo, SLC Thompson, TC AF Hall, SJ Mutchnik, SE Chen, SH Woo, SLC Thompson, TC TI Adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene and ganciclovir therapy leads to systemic activity against spontaneous and induced metastasis in an orthotopic mouse model of prostate cancer SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER IN-VIVO; EXPERIMENTAL GLIOMAS; BRAIN-TUMORS; CARCINOMA; REGRESSION; GROWTH; RATS AB It is critical to develop new therapies, such as gene therapy, which can impact on both local and metastatic prostate cancer progression. We have developed an orthotopic mouse model of metastatic prostate cancer using a cell line (RM-1) derived from the mouse prostate reconstitution (MPR) model system. This mouse model closely simulates the anatomical and biological milieu of the prostate and allows for realistic testing of experimental gene therapy protocols. Adenovirus (ADV)-mediated transduction of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene in conjunction with ganciclovir (GCV) in this model led to significant suppression of growth and of spontaneous metastasis at 14 days post-tumor inoculation. Longer-term studies produced a significant survival advantage and a continued suppression of metastatic activity for treatment animals despite regrowth of the primary tumor. Challenge by injection of tumor cells into the tail vein following excision of treated and control s.c. primary tumors resulted in 40% reduction in lung colonization in the treatment group, indicating the possible production of systemic anti-metastatic activity following a single in situ treatment with ADV/HSV-tk + GCV in this model system. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,SCOTT DEPT UROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,MATSUNAGA CONTE PROSTATE CANC RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,VA MED CTR,UROL RES LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT RADIOTHERAPY,HOUSTON,TX 77030. FU NCI NIH HHS [SPORE P50-CA58204] NR 29 TC 111 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD JAN 17 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 2 BP 183 EP 187 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970117)70:2<183::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-T PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA WF370 UT WOS:A1997WF37000008 PM 9009158 ER PT J AU Drickamer, MA Lee, MA Ganzini, L AF Drickamer, MA Lee, MA Ganzini, L TI Practical issues in physician-assisted suicide SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID LIFE-SUSTAINING THERAPY; ILL HOSPITALIZED ADULTS; TERMINALLY ILL; EUTHANASIA; DEPRESSION; DEATH; PREFERENCES; ATTITUDES; DESIRE AB Support for the participation of physicians in the suicides of terminally ill patients is increasing, and the concrete effects on physician practice of a policy change with regard to physician-assisted suicide must be carefully considered. If physician-assisted suicide is legalized, physicians will need to gain expertise in understanding patients' motivations for requesting physician-assisted suicide, assessing mental status, diagnosing and treating depression, maximizing palliative interventions, and evaluating the external pressures on the patient. They will be asked to prognosticate not only about life expectancy but also about the onset of functional and cognitive decline. They will need access to reliable information about effective medications and dosages. The physician's position on physician-assisted suicide must be open to discussion between practitioner and patient. Protection of the patient's right to confidentiality must be balanced against the need of health care professionals and institutions to know about the patient's choice. Insurance coverage and managed care options may be affected. All of these issues need to be further explored through research, education, decision making by individual practitioners, and ongoing societal debate. C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97207. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. RP Drickamer, MA (reprint author), W HAVEN VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,111C,950 CAMPBELL AVE,W HAVEN,CT 06516, USA. NR 37 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JAN 15 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 2 BP 146 EP 151 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WD298 UT WOS:A1997WD29800010 PM 9005749 ER PT J AU Glassman, PA Model, KE Kahan, JP Jacobson, PD Peabody, JW AF Glassman, PA Model, KE Kahan, JP Jacobson, PD Peabody, JW TI The role of medical necessity and cost-effectiveness in making medical decisions SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH AB The term ''medical necessity'' is used ubiquitously in health care, but its meaning and implementation vary substantially among providers, payers, and patients. This ambiguity has led some to suggest that cost-effectiveness be used as a basis for decision rules. This paper presents an analytical framework that is familiar to clinicians and shows that medical necessity and cost-effectiveness do not provide deterministic rules for clinical decision making. First, 2 x 2 tables are used to show the tradeoff between the sensitivity and specificity of decision rules. Then, the example of asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysm is used to show that these tradeoffs can be seen as a continuum of decision rules on a receiver-operating characteristic curve. Society can therefore choose a decision threshold on the basis of medical necessity that optimizes the number of lives saved or any other desired outcome, but the tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity cannot be avoided. Applying cost-effectiveness criteria may change the decision threshold because cost-effectiveness itself involves inherent tradeoffs that create additional ambiguity for clinical decisions. The conclusion is that decision rules based on medical necessity or cost-effectiveness should not be considered deterministic. Rather, decision rules are useful when they make assumptions explicit and specify tradeoffs so that clinicians, patients, and payers can make better decisions. C1 RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED 111G,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. EUROPEAN AMER CTR,NL-2628 CE DELFT,NETHERLANDS. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JAN 15 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 2 BP 152 EP 156 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WD298 UT WOS:A1997WD29800011 PM 9005750 ER PT J AU Tsuang, D Raskind, MA Leverenz, J Peskind, ER Schellenberg, G Bird, TD AF Tsuang, D Raskind, MA Leverenz, J Peskind, ER Schellenberg, G Bird, TD TI The effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on expression of an autosomal dominant schizophreniform disorder with progressive dementia and neurofibrillary tangles SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE dementia; genetics; apolipoprotein E; schizophrenia; neurofibrillary tangle; cytoskeleton ID SPORADIC ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; E EPSILON-2 ALLELE; APOE GENOTYPE; ONSET; ASSOCIATION; CONSEQUENCE; FAMILIES; COMPLEX; AGE AB The apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele is associated with an increased and the epsilon 2 allele a decreased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been hypothesized that these risks are mediated by differential effects of the APOE alleles on the cytoskeletal degeneration, which results in neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation. It has also been suggested that APOE alleles differentially affect the beta amyloid accumulation. We examined APOE genotypes and their effects on age of onset in a family with an autosomal dominant ''neurofibrillary tangle only'' dementia, This disorder is manifested by schizophreniform psychosis followed by progressive dementia and neuropathologically by prominent AD-like neurofibrillary tangles without neuritic plaques. The only affected epsilon 4 heterozygote in this family did not demonstrate accelerated disease onset. In contrast, the affected epsilon 2 heterozygote had the latest age of onset of any affected family member. The two other epsilon 2 heterozygotes remained unaffected at an age much greater than the mean age of onset for the disease. These results are consistent with a protective effect of the epsilon 2 allele in a hereditary neuropsychiatric disorder with prominent NFT formation. (C) 1997 Society of Biological Psychiatry RP Tsuang, D (reprint author), VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,PSYCHIAT SERV,SERV NEUROL,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC CLIN,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG08419] NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JAN 15 PY 1997 VL 41 IS 2 BP 191 EP 195 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00119-9 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA WB846 UT WOS:A1997WB84600009 PM 9018389 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, A Chen, PS Walter, DO Karagueuzian, HS Kogan, B Evans, SJ Karpoukhin, M Hwang, C Uchida, T Gotoh, M Nwasokwa, O Sager, P Weiss, JN AF Garfinkel, A Chen, PS Walter, DO Karagueuzian, HS Kogan, B Evans, SJ Karpoukhin, M Hwang, C Uchida, T Gotoh, M Nwasokwa, O Sager, P Weiss, JN TI Quasiperiodicity and chaos in cardiac fibrillation SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE arrhythmia; atrial fibrillation; ventricular fibrillation; death, sudden, cardiac; mathematics ID OPEN-CHEST DOGS; VENTRICULAR-FIBRILLATION; SPIRAL WAVES; EXCITABLE MEDIA; LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; REENTRANT ACTIVITY; TIME-SERIES; ATTRACTORS; CALCIUM AB In cardiac fibrillation, disorganized waves of electrical activity meander through the heart, and coherent contractile function is lost. We studied fibrillation in three stationary forms: in human chronic atrial fibrillation, in a stabilized form of canine ventricular fibrillation, and in fibrillation-like activity in thin sheets of canine and human ventricular tissue in vitro. We also created a computer model of fibrillation. In all four studies, evidence indicated that fibrillation arose through a quasiperiodic stage of period and amplitude modulation, thus exemplifying the ''quasiperiodic transition to chaos'' first suggested by Ruelle and Takens. This suggests that fibrillation is a form of spatio-temporal chaos, a finding that implies new therapeutic approaches. C1 CEDARS SINAI MED CTR, DIV CARDIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90048 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYSIOL SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT COMP SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. LONG ISL JEWISH MED CTR, HARRIS CHASANOFF HEART INST, NEW HYDE PK, NY 11042 USA. RP Garfinkel, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED CARDIOL, 47-123 CHS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [1P50HL-52319, 1RO1HL-44880]; PHS HHS [1R2946770] NR 67 TC 133 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 EI 1558-8238 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JAN 15 PY 1997 VL 99 IS 2 BP 305 EP 314 DI 10.1172/JCI119159 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA WE311 UT WOS:A1997WE31100020 PM 9005999 ER PT J AU Chandrasekar, B Freeman, GL AF Chandrasekar, B Freeman, GL TI Induction of nuclear factor kappa B and activation protein 1 in postischemic myocardium SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE reperfusion injury; activation protein 1; nuclear factor kappa B; NF-kappa B p50-p65 subunit; transcription factor ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; DNA-BINDING; TRANSCRIPTION; GENE; SUBUNIT; OXYGEN; AP-1; JUN AB Ischemia/reperfusion induces nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) and AP-1 in rat hearts after 15 min of ischemia followed by reperfusion (R) for various periods of time (15 and 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h). Low levels of NF-kappa B and no signal for AP-1 were detected in shams and in non-ischemic tissue distant from the ischemic zone, In postischemic tissue, NF-kappa B levels increased biphasically with peak levels at 15 min and again at 3 h R, Immunoblotting showed minimal NF-kappa B p50 subunit at all times, with changes in p65 similar to EMSA results. Northern blots showed low p50 and increased p65 expression levels at both 2 and 3 h R, By contrast, AP-1 increased monophasically, with peak levels at 15 min R, which dropped steadily thereafter. These results indicate that NF-kappa B and AP-1 are differentially regulated during reperfusion, which may be a control mechanism for gene expression in reperfused myocardium. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 28 TC 135 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JAN 13 PY 1997 VL 401 IS 1 BP 30 EP 34 DI 10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01426-3 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA WD731 UT WOS:A1997WD73100007 PM 9003800 ER PT J AU Lin, MX Mirzabekov, T Kagan, BL AF Lin, MX Mirzabekov, T Kagan, BL TI Channel formation by a neurotoxic prion protein fragment SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION-PERMEABLE CHANNELS; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; PEPTIDE; ALPHA AB Prions cause neurodegenerative disease in animals and humans. Recently it was shown that a 21-residue fragment of the prion protein (106-126) could be toxic to cultured neurons. We report here that this peptide forms ion-permeable channels in planar lipid bilayer membranes. These channels are freely permeable to common physiological ions, and their formation is significantly enhanced by ''aging'' and/or low pH. We suggest that channel formation is the cytotoxic mechanism of action of amyloidogenic peptides found in prion-related encephalopathies and other amyloidoses. The channels reported here are large enough and nonselective enough to mediate cell death through discharge of cellular membrane potential, changes in ionic homeostasis, and specifically, influx of calcium, perhaps triggering apoptosis. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,BRAIN RES INST,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Lin, MX (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,BRAIN RES INST,DIV NEUROSCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 15 TC 159 Z9 162 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 3 PY 1997 VL 272 IS 1 BP 44 EP 47 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA WA564 UT WOS:A1997WA56400011 PM 8995224 ER PT J AU Tsai, TW Freytes, CO AF Tsai, TW Freytes, CO TI Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukemias and aplastic anemia SO ADVANCES IN INTERNAL MEDICINE, VOL 42 SE ADVANCES IN INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; ACUTE NONLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; HIGH-DOSE CYTARABINE; VERSUS-HOST DISEASE; TERM FOLLOW-UP; PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL; HLA-IDENTICAL SIBLINGS C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,AUDIE L MURPHY DIV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Tsai, TW (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,AUDIE L MURPHY DIV,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 122 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146 SN 0065-2822 J9 ADV INTERNAL MED JI Adv.Intern.Med. PY 1997 VL 42 BP 423 EP 451 PG 29 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA BH96D UT WOS:A1997BH96D00012 PM 9048126 ER PT J AU Adcock, DM Kressin, DC Marlar, RA AF Adcock, DM Kressin, DC Marlar, RA TI Effect of 3.2% vs 3.8% sodium citrate concentration on routine coagulation testing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE activated partial thromboplastin time; anticoagulant; coagulation testing; preanalytic variables; prothrombin time ID INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO; PROTHROMBIN TIME; THROMBOPLASTIN AB The effects of 3.2% and 3.8% sodium citrate concentration on the results of routine coagulation assays (prothrombin time [PT] and activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT]) were evaluated by means of two sets of reagents, one responsive and the other nonresponsive. Five groups were entered in the study: healthy volunteers; outpatients receiving stable oral anticoagulant therapy; and hospitalized patients receiving intravenous (IV) heparin therapy both IV heparin and oral anticoagulant therapy, or no anticoagulant therapy. With use of nonresponsive PT and aPTT reagents, varying the citrate concentration has little clinical significance except in patients receiving IV heparin therapy. In contrast, when responsive PT and aPTT reagents are used, the concentration of sodium citrate anticoagulant has a significant effect on assay results. Eighteen percent of samples from patients receiving stable oral anticoagulant therapy demonstrated a change of less than 0.7 INR (International Normalized Ratio) units between citrate concentrations. Nineteen percent of patients receiving IV heparin therapy had a greater than 7-second difference when aPTT results were compared. These data demonstrate that citrate concentration affects the results of coagulation tests. On the basis of these data, it is recommended that 3.2% citrate be used for all coagulation tests. C1 DENVER VA MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,DENVER,CO. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,DENVER,CO 80262. RP Adcock, DM (reprint author), COLORADO PERMANENTE MED GRP,DEPT PATHOL,16601 E CTR TECH PKWY,AURORA,CO 80011, USA. NR 13 TC 96 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC CLIN PATHOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 107 IS 1 BP 105 EP 110 PG 6 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VZ155 UT WOS:A1997VZ15500019 PM 8980376 ER PT J AU Singletary, T North, DS Weiss, M Marman, G AF Singletary, T North, DS Weiss, M Marman, G TI A cost-effective approach to the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-BLIND; FLUOXETINE; SERTRALINE AB In light of the tremendous expansion in the number of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors available to the clinician, the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee of the Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center considered the advantages and disadvantages of fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline, to determine which agent or agents would be carried on the formulary. The committee recommended sertraline as the preferred agent for the treatment of depression, panic disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the economic outcome of that decision. The study population consisted of patients at the medical center who were receiving selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during January through March of 1994 and those who were receiving these agents between September 1995 and January 1996. The expanded collection period in 1995-96 was due to a relatively new medical center policy to offer 90-day fills on medication to reduce costs. The extended collection period assured a 100% sample of patients receiving these agents. The 1994 fluoxetine to sertraline dosage equivalency ratio was 20 mg:55.6 mg, based on average daily doses of fluoxetine and sertraline of 32.7 and 90.9 mg, respectively. The cost to the medical center for an average daily dose of fluoxetine was $1.86; sertraline cost $1.22 per day. The 1996 fluoxetine to sertraline dosage equivalency ratio (20 mg:51.3 mg) had not changed significantly since 1994, indicating that a dose of 20 mg of fluoxetine remained very close to a 50-mg dose of sertraline. The average daily doses of fluoxetine and sertraline (34.9 mg and 89.7 mg, respectively) were not significantly different than the 1994 doses. Only 33 patients had been prescribed paroxetine (average daily dose, 32.4 mg). On the basis of these values, the average daily cost of fluoxetine to the medical center was $2.01, compared with $1.18 for sertraline and $1.24 for paroxetine. This $0.83 per patient per day drug acquisition cost difference between fluoxetine and sertraline results in a drug cost reduction of $302,647 per year. C1 DENVER VA MED CTR,PHARM SERV 119,DENVER,CO 80220. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY PI OLD BRIDGE PA 1816 ENGLISHTOWN RD, STE 101, OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG C JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD JAN PY 1997 VL 3 IS 1 BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA YB215 UT WOS:A1997YB21500010 PM 10169244 ER PT J AU Garza, R Medina, R Basu, S Pugh, JA AF Garza, R Medina, R Basu, S Pugh, JA TI Predictors of the rate of renal function decline in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE diabetes mellitus; kidney failure, chronic; renal disease, progression; renal function, decline ID SERUM CREATININE CONCENTRATION; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; DISEASE; FAILURE; PROGRESSION; HYPERTENSION; NEPHROPATHY; PREVALENCE; OBESITY; RACE AB A multivariate analysis of 263 Mexican-American, African-American, and Non-Hispanic white non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients with end-stage renal disease revealed that in subjects following a linear course of decline of renal function, Mexican-American ethnicity (p = 0.0503) and female sex (p = 0.0036) hasten the rate of decline of renal function, while age (p = 0.0004), hypertension duration (p = 0.0058), and diabetes duration (p = 0.0587) slow the rate of decline of renal function. Blood pressure and glycemic control do not predict the rate of decline. These data suggest that ethnicity and sex-related factors may be as important as blood pressure and glycemic control during the course of non-insulin-dependent diabetic nephropathy. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. MEXICAN AMER MENTAL TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS RES C,SAN ANTONIO,TX. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [5U01HS07397-02]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-38392] NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-8095 J9 AM J NEPHROL JI Am. J. Nephrol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 17 IS 1 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1159/000169073 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA WG947 UT WOS:A1997WG94700010 PM 9057955 ER PT J AU Filley, CM AF Filley, CM TI Alzheimer's disease in women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; women; estrogen ID ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; SENILE DEMENTIA; GENDER DIFFERENCES; MENOPAUSAL WOMEN; BASAL FOREBRAIN; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; DEFICIENCY; DIAGNOSIS; NEURONS AB The progressive and irreversible dementia of Alzheimer's disease affects both men and women, but women constitute the majority of persons with the disease. Women may also have relatively more language impairment and a tendency for greater psychiatric involvement. Diagnosis is founded on the recognition of clinical features and exclusion of other causes of dementia. The etiology of the disease remains unknown. Although a variety of genetic factors is increasingly suspected, no diagnostic genetic test is currently recommended. Recent basic science and clinical; data suggest the possibility that estrogen may be helpful both in preventing and in treating Alzheimer's disease, and these potential effects may encourage the use of estrogen in postmenopausal women. Standard treatment for Alzheimer's disease involves counseling and support, as well as consideration of tacrine, a cholinergic agent that may stabilize the course in some patients. Until the cause of the disease is elucidated, however, the development of curative treatment is unlikely. C1 UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DENVER,CO 80262. DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DENVER,CO. RP Filley, CM (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,BEHAV NEUROL SECT,DEPT NEUROL,SCH MED,B-183,4200 E 9TH AVE,DENVER,CO 80262, USA. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 12 U2 12 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 176 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/S0002-9378(97)80003-8 PN 1 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA WF178 UT WOS:A1997WF17800001 PM 9024081 ER PT J AU Elrod, R Peskind, ER DiGiacomo, L Brodkin, KI Veith, RC Raskind, MA AF Elrod, R Peskind, ER DiGiacomo, L Brodkin, KI Veith, RC Raskind, MA TI Effects of Alzheimer's disease severity on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine concentration SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS LOCUS CERULEUS; SENILE DEMENTIA; ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NEURONS; PLASMA; 3-METHOXY-4-HYDROXYPHENYLGLYCOL; COERULEUS; BRAIN AB Objective: Although loss of noradrenergic neurons in the locus ceruleus has been consistently demonstrated postmortem in Alzheimer's disease, several small studies suggest that indices of central noradrenergic activity increase with the severity of Alzheimer's disease in living patients. The authors estimated the effect of Alzheimer's disease severity on central noradrenergic activity by comparing the CSF norepinephrine concentrations of subjects with Alzheimer's disease in earlier and advanced stages. The effect of normal aging on CSF norepinephrine also was determined. Method: Lumbar punctures were performed in 49 subjects with Alzheimer's disease of mild or moderate severity, 25 subjects with advanced Alzheimer's disease, 42 normal older subjects, and 54 normal young subjects. Advanced Alzheimer's disease was defined prospectively by a Mini-Mental State score of less than 12. Norepinephrine was measured by radioenzymatic assay. Results: CSF norepinephrine concentration was significantly higher in the patients with advanced Alzheimer's disease (mean=279 pg/ml, SD=122) than in those with mild to moderate severity (mean=198 pg/ml, SD=89), normal older subjects (mean=219 pg/ml, SD=88), or normal young subjects (mean=154 pg/ml, SD=53). CSF and plasma norepinephrine levels and mean arterial blood pressure all were higher in the older subjects than in the young subjects. Conclusions: Despite the loss of locus ceruleus neurons in Alzheimer's disease, the aging-associate high concentration of CSF norepinephrine is retained in the earlier stages of Alzheimer's disease and increases further as the disease progresses. Increased brain noradrenergic activity may contribute to the agitated behaviors or cognitive deficits of patients with advanced Alzheimer's disease. C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,GRECC 182B,SEATTLE,WA 98108. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,PSYCHIAT SERV,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98195. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-05136, AG-08419] NR 49 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 154 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WA663 UT WOS:A1997WA66300005 PM 8988954 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, AJ Troutman, B Allada, V Kim, D AF Duerinckx, AJ Troutman, B Allada, V Kim, D TI Coronary MR angiography in Kawasaki disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARTERY ANEURYSMS C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH MED,DIV PEDIAT CARDIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,UNDERGRAD SCH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,MAIL ROUTE W114,BLDG 507,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 168 IS 1 BP 114 EP 116 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VZ555 UT WOS:A1997VZ55500024 PM 8976932 ER PT J AU Silverman, SL AF Silverman, SL TI Calcitonin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE osteoporosis therapy; calcitonin ID SALMON-CALCITONIN; POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS; ESTABLISHED OSTEOPOROSIS; NASAL SPRAY; BONE MASS; FRACTURE; ANTIBODIES; THERAPY AB Nasal calcitonin is a newly approved treatment for established osteoporosis. Nasal calcitonin is safe, preventative, and may increase bone mass in the lumbar spine, Fracture efficacy data are not yet available, although preliminary results are promising. The dose of nasal calcitonin for the treatment of established osteoporosis is 200 IU daily. The dose for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis has not yet been established. Nasal calcitonin may be analgesic to bone and of benefit in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. OSTEOPOROSIS MED CTR,BEVERLY HILLS,CA. RP Silverman, SL (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV RHEUMATOL,WILSHIRE BLVD & SAWTELLE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 26 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 313 IS 1 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1097/00000441-199701000-00003 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WC648 UT WOS:A1997WC64800003 PM 9001161 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Goold, S AF Ubel, PA Goold, S TI Recognizing bedside rationing: Clear cases and tough calls SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COST-CONTAINMENT; PHYSICIAN AB Under increasing pressure to contain medical costs, physicians find themselves wondering whether it is ever proper to ration health care at the bedside. Opinion about this is divided, but one thing is clear: Whether physicians should ration at the bedside or not, they ought to be able to recognize when they are doing so. This paper describes three conditions that must be met for a physician's action to qualify as bedside rationing. The physician must 1) withhold, withdraw, or fail to recommend a service that, in the physician's best clinical judgment, is in the patient's best medical interests; 2) act primarily to promote the financial interests of someone other than the patient (including an organization, society at large, and the physician himself or herself); and 3) have control over the use of the beneficial service. This paper presents a series of cases that illustrate and elaborate on the importance of these three conditions. Physicians can use these conditions to identify instances of bedside rationing; leaders of the medical profession, ethicists, and policymakers can use them as a starting point for discussions about when, if ever, physicians should ration at the bedside. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ANN ARBOR,MI. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,CTR BIOETH,SCH MED,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,3401 MARKET ST,SUITE 320,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. OI Goold, Susan Dorr/0000-0002-0258-9774 NR 28 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 126 IS 1 BP 74 EP 80 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WA165 UT WOS:A1997WA16500010 PM 8992926 ER PT J AU Cleary, JD Chapman, SW Hardin, TC Rinaldi, MG Spencer, JL Deng, J Pennick, GJ Lobb, CJ AF Cleary, JD Chapman, SW Hardin, TC Rinaldi, MG Spencer, JL Deng, J Pennick, GJ Lobb, CJ TI Amphotericin B enzyme-linked immunoassay for clinical use: Comparison with bioassay and HPLC SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy CY OCT 03-07, 1994 CL ORLANDO, FL ID PRESSURE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ASSAY; PLASMA; SERUM AB OBJECTIVE: TO evaluate a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for amphotericin B in serum samples. Results are compared with those obtained by HPLC and bioassay. DESIGN: Comparison of results obtained by ELISA, HPLC, and bioassay. METHODS: We developed a new ELISA using a polyclonal rabbit antibody to measure serum amphotericin B concentrations, Blinded samples of amphotericin B in concentrations of 0.15-78 mu g/mL were prepared in human serum and assayed simultaneously by the ELISA, HPLC, and bioassay. The results of each assay were derived from standard curves and evaluated by using the Table Curve 2D computer program. These data were compared by using correlation analysis with evaluation of Pearson's correlation coefficient by Student's t-test. RESULTS: ELISA and bioassay compared favorably at amphotericin B concentrations of 0.3-20 mu g/mL with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.993, while ELISA and HPLC compared with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.944. The average coefficient of variation over the range 0.3-20.0 mu g/mL was 28% +/- 7% for HPLC, 26% +/- 9% for ELISA, and 13% +/- 4% for bioassay. Comparison of all three assays revealed the highest correlation with the ELISA assay (r = 0.998) for the range of concentrations (0.3-20 mu g/mL) routinely achieved. Samples containing concentrations in excess of 20 mu g/mL could be diluted. Desiccation for concentrations less than 0.3 mu g/mL was not tested. CONCLUSIONS: The determination of serum amphotericin B concentrations by ELISA gave results similar to those obtained by a bioassay and HPLC technique. Although variability appears greater with ELISA, the ease of performing this assay expedites the evaluation of many samples, Finally, this assay may allow the determination of amphotericin B concentrations from lipid formulations without interference from coadministered antibacterials or azole antifungals. C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,JACKSON,MS 39216. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,JACKSON,MS 39216. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,JACKSON,MS 39216. S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SERV PHARM,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,FUNGUS TESTING LAB,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,MED CTR,DEPT TOXICOL,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. RP Cleary, JD (reprint author), UNIV MISSISSIPPI,SCH PHARM,DEPT CLIN PHARM,2500 N STATE ST,JACKSON,MS 39216, USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA WC261 UT WOS:A1997WC26100005 PM 8997463 ER PT J AU Weinrieb, RM OBrien, CP AF Weinrieb, RM OBrien, CP TI Naltrexone in the treatment of alcoholism SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE treatment; opiate antagonist; substance abuse ID DEPENDENCE; THERAPY AB Alcoholism affects nearly 12.5 million Americans and is responsible for annual costs of over $130 billion from loss of job productivity, deleterious health effects, and direct treatment expenses. Research on treating alcoholism from the standpoint of relapse prevention using psychosocial interventions alone has produced only modest results. Studies on the efficacy of adjunctive medications using multiple medications in placebo-controlled and open trials combined with psychosocial interventions have shown mixed results. Recently, a safe and well-tolerated opiate antagonist, naltrexone, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the adjunctive treatment of alcoholism. This review describes the pertinent preclinical and clinical research that led to the FDA's approval. Details are provided describing the subjects, methods, and results of the two pivotal human studies that led to the FDA review for this indication. Clinical therapeutic guidelines, appropriate patient selection, and future directions are also elucidated. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Weinrieb, RM (reprint author), UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4219 J9 ANNU REV MED JI Annu. Rev. Med. PY 1997 VL 48 BP 477 EP 487 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WH486 UT WOS:A1997WH48600039 PM 9046978 ER PT J AU Drane, DL Osato, SS AF Drane, DL Osato, SS TI Using the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination as a screening measure for older adults SO ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB We evaluated the ability of the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE) to accurately distinguish between healthy older adults and geriatric patients suffering from dementia, Although the NCSE correctly identified all dementia patients, it produced un unacceptably high rate of false positives among the healthy elderly (70%). Despite the NCSE's lack of specificity when using the recommended classification criteria, significant group differences were Sound on several individual subscales and on the total number of subscales passed. These findings suggest the need to further evaluate the appropriateness of the geriatric norms for the NCSE and highlight some of the unique considerations involved in the assessment of older adults. (C) 1997 National Academy of Neuropsychology. C1 MED COLL GEORGIA,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0887-6177 J9 ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH JI Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. PY 1997 VL 12 IS 2 BP 139 EP 143 DI 10.1016/S0887-6177(96)00057-1 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA WV548 UT WOS:A1997WV54800005 PM 14588425 ER PT J AU Yeh, CK Dodds, MWJ Zuo, PG Johnson, DA AF Yeh, CK Dodds, MWJ Zuo, PG Johnson, DA TI A population-based study of salivary lysozyme concentrations and candidal counts SO ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE saliva; lysozyme; candida ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; HIV-1 INFECTION; ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; PLAQUE ACCUMULATION; SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; WHOLE SALIVA; LACTOFERRIN; GLANDS; HYPOTHIOCYANITE AB The relationship between salivary lysozyme concentration and oral candida load was examined in 595 adults. Unstimulated whole saliva, and citrate-stimulated parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva were collected from each participant. Candida colony-forming units (c.f.u.) in unstimulated whole saliva were determined. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for lysozyme using commercially available antibodies was developed. This assay showed a linear relation of salivary lysozyme concentrations from 0.5 to 4.0 ng/ml. Significant negative relations were observed between lysozyme concentration and how rate; r = - 0.16 (p < 0.001) for stimulated parotid and r = - 0.22 (p < 0.0001) for stimulated submandibular/sublingual saliva. The lysozyme concentration in stimulated submandibular/sublingual saliva was higher in males than in females, but no sex difference was observed for stimulated parotid saliva. The lysozyme concentration of stimulated parotid saliva was positively correlated with candida counts (r = 0.18; p < 0.005). Further study of groups according to their levels of candida in whole saliva revealed that lysozyme concentrations were higher in the high candida (greater than or equal to 1000 c.f.u./ml) group than in the zero and moderate candida categories in stimulated parotid saliva (p < 0.001); there were no concentration differences in stimulated submandibular/sublingual saliva. These results suggest that parotid lysozyme concentration increases as candida load increases. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT COMMUNITY DENT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,AUDIE L MURPHY DIV,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Yeh, CK (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT DENT DIAGNOST SCI,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE10756] NR 33 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0003-9969 J9 ARCH ORAL BIOL JI Arch. Oral Biol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 42 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1016/S0003-9969(96)00104-5 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WU849 UT WOS:A1997WU84900004 PM 9134113 ER PT J AU Kong, LP Ogawa, N Nakabayashi, T Liu, GT DSouza, E McGuff, HS Guerrero, D Talal, N Dang, H AF Kong, LP Ogawa, N Nakabayashi, T Liu, GT DSouza, E McGuff, HS Guerrero, D Talal, N Dang, H TI Fas and Fas ligand expression in the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CELL-SURFACE ANTIGEN; EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; T-CELLS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION AB Objective. To assess the role of Fas-mediated apoptosis in the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS). Methods. Expression of Fas, Fas ligand (FasL), and bcl-2 in salivary gland biopsy material was detected in situ by immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. DNA fragmentation in apoptotic cells was assessed by the enzymatic incorporation of labeled nucleotides (digoxigenin-dUTP). Results. The acinar epithelial cells in SS were Fas+ and FasL+, and these cells died by apoptosis, The majority of infiltrating lymphocytes in SS were Fas+ and bcl-2+, while few lymphocytes expressed FasL, In situ detection of apoptosis showed minimal cell death of lymphocytes, particularly in dense periductal foci. Lymphocytic cell death was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) in these foci compared with that in the interstitium. Conclusion. Infiltrating lymphocytes in the focal lesions of the salivary glands of patients with SS are blocked in their ability to commit to apoptosis, even though they may express Fas, The presence of bcl-2 in these cells may explain their inability to undergo apoptosis, The acinar epithelial cells, in contrast, may undergo Fas-mediated apoptosis, These results suggest that the Fas death pathway may be an important mechanism leading to the glandular destruction found in SS. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-10863, DE-09311] NR 57 TC 170 Z9 180 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 40 IS 1 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1002/art.1780400113 PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA WD152 UT WOS:A1997WD15200012 PM 9008604 ER PT S AU Altstiel, LD Greenberg, D Lantz, M Lebow, L Marin, D Zhou, GL Keddache, M Yang, XP Mohs, R AF Altstiel, LD Greenberg, D Lantz, M Lebow, L Marin, D Zhou, GL Keddache, M Yang, XP Mohs, R BE Judd, LL Saletu, B Filip, V TI Prospective genetic epidemiology of dementia in the very old SO BASIC AND CLINICAL SCIENCE OF MENTAL AND ADDICTIVE DISORDERS SE BIBLIOTHECA PSYCHIATRICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Satellite Meeting of the Collegium-Internationale-Neuro-Psychopharmacologicum Regional Conference on Neuroscience and Neuropsychopharmacology in the East and West at the Beginning of the European Decade of Brain Research CY JUL 10-14, 1995 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA SP Collegium Int Neuro Psychopharm ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; TYPE-4 ALLELE; ASSOCIATION; APOE C1 MT SINAI SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT, NEW YORK, NY USA. JEWISH HOME & HOSP AGED, NEW YORK, NY USA. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR, BRONX, NY USA. RP Altstiel, LD (reprint author), LILLY CORP CTR, LILLY RES LABS, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46285 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0067-8147 BN 3-8055-6385-X J9 BIBL PSYCHIAT JI Bibl.Psychiatr. PY 1997 IS 167 BP 128 EP 135 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA BH98M UT WOS:A1997BH98M00020 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Shih, TM Li, MG AF Scremin, OU Shih, TM Li, MG TI Mapping of cortical metabolic activation in soman-induced convulsions in rats SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE soman; organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors; pyridostigmine; convulsions; autoradiography; cerebral glucose utilization; brain lesions; rat ID CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; FOCAL MOTOR SEIZURES; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; C-14 2-DEOXYGLUCOSE; PROTECTION; PRETREATMENT; COMPOUND; ANIMALS; MODEL AB The metabolic activation of the cerebral cortex during convulsions induced by the organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor soman was studied in detail. Soman was given at a dose equivalent to 0.9 LD50 (100 mu g/kg SC after pretreatment with 26 mu g/kg pyridostigmine, IM, to decrease lethality) to examine separately the metabolic effects of severe acetylcholinesterase inhibition, present always with this dose, and convulsions, present only in some of the animals, Cerebral glucose utilization (CGU) values of cortex divided by CGU of brain stem (nCGU) were calculated for 96 locations in nine coronal slices. Animals injected with pyridostigmine-soman and that developed convulsions (n = 7) showed statistically significant increases of nCGU with regard to animals injected with saline (n = 5) in 33 locations, 27 of which were in a single cluster, with the piriform cortex at its center, Perirhinal cortex, and insular cortex also showed significantly higher nCGU in convulsing rats, Other foci of elevated nCGU were found in frontal and parietal locations, In animals injected with pyridostigmine-soman and that did not develop convulsions (n = 5) in spite of severe cholinesterase inhibition, a single location (piriform cortex) showed significantly higher nCGU than controls, Neuropathology evaluation showed a significant decrease in viable cells only in animals that developed convulsions, This effect correlated with enhanced nCGU. It is concluded that the presence of convulsions, and not exposure to pyridostigmine-soman, determined the pattern of nCGU cortical activation, which correlated closely with the structural changes. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Scremin, OU (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 115,ROOM 317,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0361-9230 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PY 1997 VL 43 IS 4 BP 425 EP 434 DI 10.1016/S0361-9230(97)00029-4 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA XK432 UT WOS:A1997XK43200009 PM 9241446 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Li, MG Scremin, AME Jenden, DJ AF Scremin, OU Li, MG Scremin, AME Jenden, DJ TI Cholinesterase inhibition improves blood flow in the ischemic cerebral cortex SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE cerebrovascular circulation; cerebral ischemia; acetylcholine; cholinesterase inhibitors ID ARTERY OCCLUSION; CHOLINERGIC MECHANISMS; RAT; ACETYLCHOLINE; MEMORY; COLLATERALS; DIASCHISIS; RECEPTORS; PENUMBRA; MODEL AB The ability of central cholinesterase inhibition to improve cerebral blood flow in the ischemic brain was tested in Sprague-Dawley rats with tandem occlusion of left middle cerebral and common carotid arteries. Cerebral blood flow was measured with lodo-C-14-antipyrine autoradiography in 170 regions of cerebral cortex, The regional distribution of blood flow was characterized in normal animals by cerebral blood flow maxima in the temporal regions. After 2 h ischemia, minimum cerebral blood flow values were found in the lateral frontal and parietal areas on the left hemisphere, and a new maximum was found in the right hemisphere in an area approximately symmetrical to the ischemic focus. Heptyl-physostigmine (eptastigmine), a carbamate cholinesterase inhibitor with prolonged time of action improved cerebral blood flow in most regions, with the exception of the ischemic core. The drug also enhanced the ischemia-induced rostral shift of cerebral blood flow maxima in the right hemisphere. The effects of eptastigmine were more marked 24 h after ischemia. Discriminant analysis showed that data from only 22 regions was sufficient to achieve 100% accuracy in classifying all cases into the various experimental conditions, The redistribution of cerebral blood flow to the sensorimotor area of the right hemisphere of animals with cerebral ischemia, a phenomenon possibly related to recovery of function, was also enhanced by eptastigmine. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MOL & MED PHARMACOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT BIOMATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Scremin, OU (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BLDG 115,ROOM 317,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0361-9230 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PY 1997 VL 42 IS 1 BP 59 EP 70 DI 10.1016/S0361-9230(96)00207-9 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VZ120 UT WOS:A1997VZ12000008 PM 8978935 ER PT J AU Low, DE Desrosiers, M McSherry, J Garber, G Williams, JW Remy, H Fenton, RS Forte, V Balter, M Rotstein, C Craft, C Dubois, J Harding, G Schloss, M Miller, M McIvor, RA Davidson, RJ AF Low, DE Desrosiers, M McSherry, J Garber, G Williams, JW Remy, H Fenton, RS Forte, V Balter, M Rotstein, C Craft, C Dubois, J Harding, G Schloss, M Miller, M McIvor, RA Davidson, RJ TI A practical guide for the diagnosis and treatment of acute sinusitis SO CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MAXILLARY SINUSITIS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; ACUTE BACTERIAL SINUSITIS; PARA-NASAL SINUSES; AMOXICILLIN-CLAVULANATE; PHYSICAL-EXAMINATION; CEFUROXIME AXETIL; CONTROLLED TRIAL; CHILDREN; ETIOLOGY AB Objective: To develop guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute sinusitis. Options: Diagnostic clinical criteria and imaging techniques, the role of antimicrobial therapy and duration of treatment, and the role of adjunct therapy, including decongestants, glucocorticosteroids and nasal irrigation. Outcomes: Improved accuracy of clinical diagnosis, better utilization of imaging techniques and rational use of antimicrobial therapy. Evidence: A MEDLINE search for relevant articles published from 1980 to 1996 using the MeSH terms ''sinusitis,'' ''acute sinusitis,'' ''respiratory infections,'' ''upper respiratory infections,'' ''sinusitis'' and ''diagnosis,'' ''sinusitis'' and ''therapy,'' ''sinusitis'' and ''etiology,'' and ''antimicrobial resistance'' and search for additional articles from the reference lists of retrieved articles. Papers referring to chronic sinusitis, sinusitis in compromised patients and documented nonbacterial sinusitis were excluded. The evidence was evaluated by participants at the Canadian Sinusitis Symposium, held in Toronto on April 26-27, 1996. Values: A hierarchical evaluation of the strength of evidence modified from the methods of the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination was used. Strategies were identified to deal with problems for which no adequate clinical data were available. Recommendations arrived at by consensus of the symposium participants were included. Benefits, harms and costs: Increased awareness of acute sinusitis, accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment should reduce costs related to unnecessary investigations, time lost from work and complications due to inappropriate treatment. As well, physicians will be better able to decide which patients will not require antimicrobial therapy, thus saving the patient the cost and potential side effects of treatment. Recommendations: Clinical diagnosis can usually be made from the patient's history and findings on physical examination only. Five clinical findings comprising 3 symptoms (maxillary toothache, poor response to decongestants and a history of coloured nasal discharge) and 2 signs (purulent nasal secretion and abnormal transillumination result) are the best predictors of acute bacterial sinusitis (level I evidence). Transillumination is a useful technique in the hands of experienced personnel, but only negative findings are useful (level III evidence). Radiography is not warranted when the likelihood of acute sinusitis is high or low but is useful when the diagnosis is in doubt (level III evidence). First-line therapy should be a 10-day course of amoxicillin (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole should be given to patients allergic to penicillin) (level I evidence) and a decongestant (level III evidence). Patients allergic to amoxicillin and those not responding to first-line therapy should be switched to a second-line agent. As well, patients with recurrent episodes of acute sinusitis who have been assessed and found not to have anatomic anomalies may also benefit from second-line therapy (level III evidence). Validation: The recommendations are based on consensus of Canadian and American experts in infectious diseases, microbiology, otolaryngology and family medicine. The guidelines were reviewed independently for the advisory committee by 2 external experts. Previous guidelines did not exist in Canada. Sponsor: The Canadian Sinusitis Symposium and the technical support and assistance of Core Health Inc. in preparing this manuscript were funded through an unrestricted educational grant from Abbott Laboratories Canada. The advisory committee for the symposium had full control over the content of the guidelines. C1 PRINCESS MARGARET HOSP,TORONTO,ON M4X 1K9,CANADA. HOP HOTEL DIEU,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. MONTREAL GEN HOSP,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,LONDON,ON N6A 3K7,CANADA. LONDON HLTH SCI CTR,LONDON,ON,CANADA. UNIV OTTAWA,OTTAWA,ON K1N 6N5,CANADA. OTTAWA GEN HOSP,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,AMBULATORY CARE SERV,CONTINU CARE CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. ST MICHAELS HOSP,TORONTO,ON M5B 1W8,CANADA. HOSP SICK CHILDREN,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. MT SINAI & WOMENS COLL HOSP,NEONATAL INTENS CARE UNIT,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. MT SINAI HOSP,ASTHMA EDUC CLIN,TORONTO,ON M5G 1X5,CANADA. MCMASTER UNIV,HAMILTON,ON,CANADA. HAMILTON CIV HOSP,HENDERSON GEN DIV,HAMILTON,ON,CANADA. ABBOTT LABS,MACROLIDE VENTURE,ABBOTT PK,IL. UNIV MANITOBA,WINNIPEG,MB R3T 2N2,CANADA. ST BONIFACE GEN HOSP,DEPT INFECT DIS,WINNIPEG,MB R2H 2A6,CANADA. ST BONIFACE GEN HOSP,DEPT MICROBIOL,WINNIPEG,MB R2H 2A6,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T5,CANADA. MONTREAL CHILDRENS HOSP,MONTREAL,PQ H3H 1P3,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,JEWISH GEN HOSP,DEPT MICROBIOL,MONTREAL,PQ H3T 1E2,CANADA. MCGILL UNIV,JEWISH GEN HOSP,DIV INFECT DIS,MONTREAL,PQ H3T 1E2,CANADA. SUNY HLTH SCI CTR,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT MICROBIOL,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. UNIV MONTREAL,MONTREAL,PQ H3C 3J7,CANADA. CTR UNIV SANTE DE LESTRIE,DEPT MICROBIOL & INFECT DIS,SHERBROOKE,PQ,CANADA. RP Low, DE (reprint author), UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A1,CANADA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008; Low, Donald/B-1726-2012 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558; NR 85 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 2 PU CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION PI OTTAWA PA 1867 ALTA VISTA DR, OTTAWA ON K1G 3Y6, CANADA SN 0820-3946 J9 CAN MED ASSOC J JI Can. Med. Assoc. J. PY 1997 VL 156 IS 6 SU S BP S1 EP S14 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WP542 UT WOS:A1997WP54200001 PM 9347786 ER PT J AU Mayer, EA Munakata, J Chang, L AF Mayer, EA Munakata, J Chang, L TI Does mind-body medicine have a role in gastroenterology? SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEUROENDOCRINE BRAIN ASYMMETRY; IRRITABLE-BOWEL SYNDROME; HEALTH; CARE; COMPLAINTS; EDUCATION; BEHAVIOR; COSTS AB Mind-body medicine refers to the concept that interactions between the body and the brain play important roles in health and disease. Renewed interest in this ancient concept is related to the demonstration of cost-effectiveness of derived treatment approaches for chronic organic disorders, interest of the public, and breakthroughs in our scientific understanding of how the brain and body communicate. Specific brain regions within the limbic system have been identified that form the interface between information arising from inside our body (including the gastrointestinal tract) and from the external world on the one side, and emotions and thoughts on the other side. Multicomponent therapies that take into account the mind and body aspects of chronic gastrointestinal disorders may be more cost-effective than conventional approaches. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV DIGEST DIS,BLDG 115-CURE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1097/00001574-199701000-00001 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WL129 UT WOS:A1997WL12900001 ER PT J AU Schafer, RG Bohannon, B Franz, M Freeman, J Holmes, A McLaughlin, S Haas, LB Kruger, DF Lorenz, RA McMahon, MM AF Schafer, RG Bohannon, B Franz, M Freeman, J Holmes, A McLaughlin, S Haas, LB Kruger, DF Lorenz, RA McMahon, MM TI Translation of the diabetes nutrition recommendations for health care institutions SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID WEIGHT-LOSS; GLUCOSE RESPONSE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; MELLITUS; SUCROSE; MANAGEMENT; DIETITIANS; DIET; COMPLICATIONS; CARBOHYDRATE C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,MED CTR,KNOXVILLE,TN. INT DIABET CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. COLUMBIA DUNWOODY DIABET EDUC PROGRAM,ATLANTA,GA. N MISSISSIPPI MED CTR,TUPELO,MS. ST JOSEPH VILLA HOMECARE,OMAHA,NE. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA. HENRY FORD HOSP,DIV ENDOCRINOL & METAB,DETROIT,MI. VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,CTR DIABET RES & TRAINING,NASHVILLE,TN. MAYO CLIN,DIV METAB ENDOCRINOL & NUTR,ROCHESTER,MN. RP Schafer, RG (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,SURG STRATEG HEALTHCARE GRP,BAY PINES,FL 33744, USA. NR 61 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 1997 VL 20 IS 1 BP 96 EP 105 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VY890 UT WOS:A1997VY89000021 PM 9028703 ER PT J AU Lopes-Virella, MF Mironova, M Virella, G AF Lopes-Virella, MF Mironova, M Virella, G TI LDL-containing immune complexes and atherosclerosis in diabetes SO DIABETES REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CHOLESTERYL ESTER ACCUMULATION; HUMAN VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; ADVANCED GLYCOSYLATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CULTURED HUMAN; OXIDIZED LDL; IN-VITRO AB It has been proposed that both humoral and cellular mechanisms participate in the onset and/or progression of atherogenesis. The role of autoantibodies and immune complexes (ICs) in this process has recently received a considerable amount of support, Modified lipoproteins, particularly different forms of oxidized LDL, have been reported to elicit humoral immune responses in both experimental animals and humans, In diabetes, the effects of glycation and oxidation are interwoven, and increased glycation results not only in increased susceptibility of LDL to oxidation but also in increased formation of glycoxidation products or advanced glycosylation end products, Modified LDL triggers the formation of autoantibodies, and both modified LDL and antibodies against modified LDL have been detected in circulation and in atheromatous plaques, Also, ICs containing modified LDL have been isolated from the serum of diabetic and nondiabetic patients,vith manifestations of atherosclerosis, In addition, it has been demonstrated that in vitro-formed LDL-IC and IC isolated from patients are taken up mainly through Fc(gamma) receptors and cause intracellular accumulation of cholesterol esters (CEs) in macrophages and smooth muscle cells, The accumulation of CEs in macrophages exposed to LDL IC is unique to this type of IC; it is associated with a paradoxical increase in LDL receptor expression and with overexpression of scavenger receptors, LDL-containing ICs are also responsible for stimulating the release by human macrophages of increased amounts of superoxide radicals as well as inducing increased synthesis and release of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The release of cytokines in the subendothelial space has, among other effects, the ability to induce endothelial cell damage directly or indirectly, increase expression of adhesion molecules, promote the interaction of endothelial cells with mononuclear cells, and induce smooth muscle cell proliferation, It seems very likely, therefore, that humoral autoimmunity plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Lopes-Virella, MF (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Dept Med, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 140 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 1066-9442 J9 DIABETES REV JI Diabetes Rev. PY 1997 VL 5 IS 4 BP 410 EP 424 PG 15 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA YL858 UT WOS:000071000900009 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI The future - Can we learn from the past? SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Glasgow Symposium on Empiric Therapy of Community-Acquired Respiratory Infections and Otitis Media - Towards More Logical Choices, at European Congress of Chemotherapy CY MAY 16, 1996 CL GLASGOW, SCOTLAND ID ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA AB We know that the current problems of resistance among bacterial pathogens to commonly prescribed antibiotics is, in part, attributable to inappropriate prescribing. If we are to rectify matters, we must learn from past mistakes and take appropriate measures to ensure that community-acquired infections do not become as untreatable as certain nosocomial infections are now. This means that we must be able to predict efficacy outcomes better so that we can make more effective use of available antibiotics. Animal studies suggest that the duration of time that an antibiotic exceeds the MIC of the causative pathogen (i.e., at least 40 to 50% of the dosing interval) is a good prognostic indicator for the efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotics. Clinical studies are now being published that confirm the value of time above MIC. Use of this information should enhance efficacy and may delay the pace of developing antibiotic resistance, allowing time for new antimicrobial agents to be researched and brought to market. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 11 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 53 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(97)00022-9 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WU536 UT WOS:A1997WU53600009 PM 9127106 ER PT J AU Seno, K Zhu, JH Barrett, JD Eggena, P Scremin, OU Lam, K Leung, JWC Leung, FW AF Seno, K Zhu, JH Barrett, JD Eggena, P Scremin, OU Lam, K Leung, JWC Leung, FW TI Cigarette smoke increases gastric ulcer size in part by an angiotensin II-mediated mechanism in rats SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE angiotensinogen; angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitor; gastric hyperemia; growth factor ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; MESSENGER-RNA; EXPRESSION; PROSTAGLANDINS; MUCOSA; CELLS; RENIN; RECEPTORS; NICOTINE; INJURY AB To assess the mechanism of the effect of cigarette smoke on ulcer disease we employed a rat model in which cigarette smoke increases the size of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer and decreases the hyperemia at the ulcer margin. We postulate that cigarette smoke increases angiotensin II (a vasoconstrictor) in ulcer tissue. Since direct measurement of angiotensin II in small tissue samples is problematic, we compared the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for its precursors (angiotensinogen and renin) in ulcer and normal gastric tissue. We also evaluated the effect of enalapril, which blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II on ulcer size. In the ulcer tissue, cigarette smoke produced a significant increase in mRNA for angiotensinogen but not for renin. Enalapril decreased the size of the gastric ulcer in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. The data support the possibility that in ulcer tissue cigarette smoke stimulates an angiotensin II-mediated mechanism, which may in part be responsible for the impairment of ulcer margin hyperemia and aggravation of ulcer size. C1 VAMC,DIV GASTROENTEROL 111G,RENIN BIOCHEM VASC PHARMACOL LABS,RES SERV,SEPULVEDA,CA 91343. VAMC,DIV GASTROENTEROL 111G,RENIN BIOCHEM VASC PHARMACOL LABS,MED SERV,SEPULVEDA,CA 91343. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,MED CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL,SACRAMENTO,CA 95817. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,CTR ULCER RES & EDUC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 42 IS 1 BP 74 EP 78 DI 10.1023/A:1018880904201 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WE663 UT WOS:A1997WE66300011 PM 9009118 ER PT B AU Bartzokis, G Beckson, M AF Bartzokis, G Beckson, M BE Nahas, GG Burks, TF TI MRI evaluation of neurotoxicity in cocaine users SO DRUG ABUSE IN THE DECADE OF THE BRAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Drug Abuse in the Decade of the Brain CY SEP 22-23, 1995 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Univ Texas, Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Houstons Drug Free Business Initiat RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,MAIL CODE B-151H,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I O S PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5199-305-6 PY 1997 BP 249 EP 257 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA BH38Z UT WOS:A1997BH38Z00028 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA AF Pahlavani, MA TI Role of melatonin in immunity, aging and cancer: Therapeutic intervention SO DRUGS OF TODAY LA English DT Review ID PINEAL HORMONE MELATONIN; LOW-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2; N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; CELL LUNG-CANCER; BINDING-SITES; SYRIAN-HAMSTERS; SERUM MELATONIN; PLUS MELATONIN; CYCLIC-AMP; IMMUNOREGULATORY ROLE AB Melatonin (MLT) is a pineal hormone that has received a great deal of attention over the past several years with respect to aging and age-associated diseases. One of the major functions of MLT is to transduce environmental information (i.e., photoperiod) into the neuroendocrine signals. The MLT signal reaches all the organs within the body and acts as a time-keeper in maintaining Various physiological processes such as neuroendocrine and immune functions and the antioxidant defense system. Reduction in circadian levels of MLT is associated with immunosuppression, aging and age-associated diseases. MLT replacement therapy may enhance the immune system, retard the aging process, postpone the incidence of neoplasia and prolong life span. Hence, the studies presented in this paper delineate a fundamental role of MLT that may lead to therapeutic applications of this hormone in aging and age-associated diseases. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC 182,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 152 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU J R PROUS SA PI BARCELONA PA APARTADO DE CORREOS 540, PROVENZA 388, 08025 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0025-7656 J9 DRUGS TODAY JI Drugs Today PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 33 IS 1 BP 25 EP 39 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA WM974 UT WOS:A1997WM97400003 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR Burgess, DS Hardin, TC AF Graybill, JR Burgess, DS Hardin, TC TI Key issues concerning fungistatic versus fungicidal drugs SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Trends in Invasive Fungal Infections 3 Meeting CY SEP, 1995 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; IN-VITRO EVALUATION; AMPHOTERICIN-B; CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; CANDIDA-ALBICANS AB Are there any fungicidal drugs available today? A critical issue in answering this question is that of definition. The simplest, most stringent definitions identify fungistatic drugs as those that inhibit growth, whereas fungicidal drugs kill fungal pathogens. The immunocompetent host is usually far better equipped to eliminate fungal pathogens than the immunosuppressed host. Therefore, it would be especially desirable to have a truly fungicidal drug, one that absolutely kills all fungi, as a treatment option for the immunosuppressed patient. The critical question would be whether a fungicidal drug can be delivered to the target site in a concentration high enough for a sufficient time to reduce the intralesional fungal counts to zero. By this simple definition, there are no fungicidal drugs available today. However, an accepted alternative definition is that often used by the bacteriologist: Fungicidal drugs are those that lead to a reduction of 99.9% of the initial inocula. Although this less restrictive in vitro standard is more easily met, it has serious limitations. Whether the 99.9% kill should be an acceptable standard remains uncertain. As an alternative, the minimum inhibitory concentration, though indicating static activity, has served well; perhaps it should be the only information reported for fungal susceptibility testing. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,INFECT DIS SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,COLL PHARM,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 61 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU MMW MEDIZIN VERLAG GMBH PI MUNICH PA MUNCHEN, SUBSCRIPTION DEPT, D-81664 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0934-9723 J9 EUR J CLIN MICROBIOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 16 IS 1 BP 42 EP 50 DI 10.1007/BF01575120 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WL372 UT WOS:A1997WL37200011 PM 9063673 ER PT J AU Worcester, M Hedrick, S AF Worcester, M Hedrick, S TI Dilemmas in using respite for family caregivers of frail elders SO FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE aging; Alzheimer's disease; caregiving; cognitive impairment; grounded theory; help-seeking; physical impairment; respite; vulnerable ID DEMENTIA PATIENTS; RELIABILITY; SERVICES; BURDEN; ADULTS AB Respite use was explored with a group of vulnerable caregivers. Using a grounded theory approach, in-residence caregivers were interviewed about obtaining respite while caring for elders with severe cognitive or physical impairments. Respite use was influenced by caregivers' ways of knowing the receivers of care and concerns that potential helpers would not be aware of the complexities of care; feelings of imposing on helpers or feeling imposed on by helpers; and desire for matching the helper and the receiver for the greatest comfort of both. Caregivers' central concern was conservation of resources and energy. Processes involved in using respite more often depleted than conserved caregivers' resources and energy. Implications of the findings are applied to ways to reduce the vulnerability of caregivers to negative impacts of caregiving through facilitating acquisition of respite and improving the quality of respite experiences. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HLTH SERV RES & DEV FIELD PROGRAM,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT HLTH SERV,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Worcester, M (reprint author), SEATTLE PACIFIC UNIV,SCH HLTH SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98119, USA. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 6 PU ASPEN PUBL INC PI FREDERICK PA 7201 MCKINNEY CIRCLE, FREDERICK, MD 21704 SN 0160-6379 J9 FAM COMMUNITY HEALTH JI Fam. Community Health PD JAN PY 1997 VL 19 IS 4 BP 31 EP 48 PG 18 WC Family Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Family Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VY345 UT WOS:A1997VY34500005 ER PT J AU Pahan, K Smith, BT Singh, AK Singh, I AF Pahan, K Smith, BT Singh, AK Singh, I TI Cytochrome P-450 2E1 in rat liver peroxisomes: Downregulation by ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cytochrome P-450 2E1; NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase; aniline hydroxylation; peroxisomes; ischemia/reperfusion ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; ACID ALPHA-OXIDATION; ANTIPEPTIDE ANTIBODIES; CHOLESTEROL; EXPRESSION; KIDNEY; MICROSOMES; BINDING AB Cytochrome P-450 containing enzymes, known to be present in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, catalyze the oxidation of various compounds. In this study Eve have used highly purified peroxisomes (>95%) to provide evidence by analytical cell fractionation, enzyme activity, Western blot, and immunocytochemical analysis that cytochrome P-450 2E1 (Cyp 2E1) is present in peroxisomes. Similar specific activities of aniline hydroxylase, a Cyp 2E1-dependent enzyme, in purified peroxisomes (0.72 +/- 0.03 nmol/min/mg protein) and microsomes (0.58 +/- 0.03 nmol/min/mg protein) supports the conclusion that peroxisomes contain significant amount of Cyp 2E1. This peroxisomal Cyp 2E1 was also induced in acetone-treated rat liver. The status of microsomal and peroxisomal Cyp 2E1 was also examined following ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress. Ischemia alone had no effect; however, reperfusion following ischemia resulted in decrease in Cyp 2E1 both in microsomes and peroxisomes. This demonstration of cytochrome P-450 2E1 in peroxisomes and its downregulation during ischemia/reperfusion describes a new role for this organelle in cytochrome P-450 related cellular metabolism and in oxidative stress induced disease conditions. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PEDIAT,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PATHOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,CHARLESTON,SC. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 34741, NS 22576] NR 36 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 1997 VL 23 IS 7 BP 963 EP 971 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(97)00017-8 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA YB606 UT WOS:A1997YB60600001 PM 9358238 ER PT J AU Munakata, J Naliboff, B Harraf, F Kodner, A Lembo, T Chang, L Silverman, DHS Mayer, EA AF Munakata, J Naliboff, B Harraf, F Kodner, A Lembo, T Chang, L Silverman, DHS Mayer, EA TI Repetitive sigmoid stimulation induces rectal hyperalgesia in patients with irritable bowel syndrome SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTESTINAL MOTILITY; IBS PATIENTS; COLON MOTOR; DISTENSION; PERCEPTION; SENSITIVITY; THRESHOLDS; DEFINITION; DISORDER; HUMANS AB Background & Aims: Only a fraction of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) show hypersensitivity to rectal distention, The current study sought to determine if repetitive high-pressure stimulation of sigmoid mechanoreceptors modulates perception of rectal pain and discomfort. Methods: In 14 patients with IBS and 11 healthy controls, perception thresholds for discomfort and pain during rectal sensory tracking and verbal descriptor ratings of the perceived intensity of a rectal tonic stimulus were obtained before and after repetitive high-pressure mechanical sigmoid stimulation, Gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms were assessed by questionnaires, Results: Despite heterogeneity in baseline rectal sensitivity in patients with IBS, after sigmoid stimulation, 100% of patients, regardless of baseline sensitivity, developed rectal hyperalgesia manifested by at least two of the following three criteria: lowered thresholds for pain and discomfort and increased viscerosomatic referral and lower abdominal discomfort outlasting the experimental stimulation. This pattern of responses was not observed in any of the healthy controls, Conclusions: In patients with IBS, repetitive stimulation of sigmoid splanchnic afferents results in the development of central sensitization manifested as hyperalgesia and increased viscerosomatic referral during rectal distention and as spontaneous rectosigmoid hyperalgesia in the absence of applied stimuli, Repetitive sigmoid contractions may induce rectosigmoid hyperalgesia in patients with IBS. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYSIOL, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PSYCHIAT, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 40919] NR 31 TC 282 Z9 285 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JAN PY 1997 VL 112 IS 1 BP 55 EP 63 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(97)70219-1 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WA905 UT WOS:A1997WA90500011 PM 8978343 ER PT J AU Silverman, DHS Munakata, JA Ennes, H Mandelkern, MA Hoh, CK Mayer, EA AF Silverman, DHS Munakata, JA Ennes, H Mandelkern, MA Hoh, CK Mayer, EA TI Regional cerebral activity in normal and pathological perception of visceral pain SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CORTEX; FIBROMYALGIA; HYPERALGESIA; LOCALIZATION; PROJECTIONS; PREVALENCE; TOLERANCE; RESPONSES AB Background & Aims: To characterize the cerebral processing of noxious visceral events, changes in regional cerebral blood flow associated with perception of intestinal pain were examined, Methods: The effects of rectal pressure stimuli on regional cerebral blood flow were assessed with O-15-water positron emission tomography (PET) in 12 subjects, half with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), PET scans were obtained at baseline and during both actual and simulated delivery of anticipated stimuli, Changes in regional cerebral blood flow were interpreted using statistical parametric mapping and region of interest methods of analysis, Results: in healthy subjects, perception of pain during actual or simulated delivery of painful stimuli was significantly associated (P < 0.01) with activity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC; Brodmann's areas 24 and 32), whereas no ACC response to perception of nonpainful stimuli was observed, In patients with IBS, the ACC failed to respond to the same stimuli, whereas significant activation (P < 0.01) of the left prefrontal cortex (maximal in Brodmann's area 10) was seen, Conclusions: The perception of acute rectal pain is associated with activation of the ACC in healthy subjects, and patients with IBS show an aberrant brain activation pattern both during noxious rectal distention and during the anticipation of rectal pain. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, NUCL MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MOL & MED PHARMACOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYSIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT PHYS, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 40919] NR 57 TC 393 Z9 397 U1 1 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JAN PY 1997 VL 112 IS 1 BP 64 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(97)70220-8 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WA905 UT WOS:A1997WA90500012 PM 8978344 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Machicado, GA Cheng, S Jensen, ME Jutabha, R AF Jensen, DM Machicado, GA Cheng, S Jensen, ME Jutabha, R TI A randomized prospective study of endoscopic bipolar electrocoagulation and heater probe treatment of chronic rectal bleeding from radiation telangiectasia SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID LASER PHOTO-COAGULATION; YAG LASER; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; CANINE COLON; PROCTITIS; FORMALIN; HEMOSTASIS; THERAPY; INJURY AB Background: Our purposes were to (1) evaluate efficacy and safety of bipolar or heater probe endoscopic coagulation compared to prior medical therapy for bleeding radiation telangiectasia, and (2) consider the impact of treatments on patients' impression of their overall health and activity. Methods: Twelve months of medical management had failed in 18 men and 3 women with chronic, recurrent hematochezia and anemia after radiation treatment of pelvic malignancies. Patients had multiple rectal telangiectasias coagulated with bipolar or heater probes in a randomized, prospective study. Results: Rectal bleeding stopped within four treatment sessions. During 12 months of endoscopic versus medical therapy, severe breeding episodes diminished significantly for bipolar probe versus 12 months of prior medical therapy (75% vs 33%) and heater probe (67% vs 11%); mean hematocrits rose significantly for patients undergoing bipolar (38.2 vs 31.9) and heater probe (37.6 vs 28.4) treatments, and their impression of overall health improved. During long-term follow-up, new telangiectasias or rectal bleeding were easily controlled. No major complications resulted. Conclusions: (1) Bipolar or heater probes were safe and effective relative to medical therapy for palliation of patients with lower gastrointestinal breeding from radiation telangiectasias, and (2) ail patients improved in ability to travel and exercise and in their overall impression of their health. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NORTHRIDGE HOSP MED CTR,VAN NUYS,CA. RP Jensen, DM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,HEMOSTASIS RES UNIT,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,44-133 CHS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [NIDDK 41301]; PHS HHS [R0I 33273] NR 29 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 45 IS 1 BP 20 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(97)70298-0 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WF734 UT WOS:A1997WF73400004 PM 9013165 ER PT J AU Neas, BR Moser, KL Harley, JB AF Neas, BR Moser, KL Harley, JB TI Logistic transmission modeling for the simulated data of GAW10 problem 2 SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Genetic Analysis Workshop 10 (GAW10) CY OCT 26-29, 1996 CL WATSONVILLE, CALIFORNIA DE association; conditional logistic; disequilibrium; genetic markers; linkage AB A recently developed nonparametric method is a generalization of the transmission disequilibrium test across all alleles of a locus. This approach has been applied to Problem 2 of GAW10 and has been extended to explore the combined contribution of neighboring loci for chromosomes 1, 5, and 8. When applied to the chromosome 5 data of the first replicate of the nuclear pedigrees from Problem 2 of GAW10, the data show that four of the 25 loci obtain a probability less than 0.05. However, when combined models composed of each potentially significant marker (p < 0.05) and its nearest neighbors are considered, the combined contributions of G14 and G15 are the most significant (p = 0.007). Consequently, the region near G14 and G15 is identified as the best candidate region in chromosome 5 for linkage to the common disease. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Oklahoma City, OK 73190 USA. Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Neas, BR (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, POB 26901,CHB-309, Oklahoma City, OK 73190 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PY 1997 VL 14 IS 6 BP 857 EP 860 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2272(1997)14:6<857::AID-GEPI49>3.0.CO;2-M PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA YM987 UT WOS:000071121800050 PM 9433590 ER PT J AU Shenker, Y Wesly, J Meranda, D Kosolcharoen, P AF Shenker, Y Wesly, J Meranda, D Kosolcharoen, P TI Effect of rapid intra-atrial saline infusion on atrial pressures and atrial natriuretic hormone secretion SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE atrial natriuretic hormone; atrial pressure ID HEMODYNAMIC FUNCTION; CARDIAC-TAMPONADE; PLASMA-LEVELS; PEPTIDE; RELEASE; RESPONSES; STRETCH; DISEASE AB To evaluate the relationship between the right atrial pressure and atrial natriuretic hormone secretion, we studied 16 healthy mates, ages 18-24, after five days on a low-salt diet (mean 24-h urinary sodium excretion: 17 +/- 3 mEq). After 90 min of equilibration to the supine position, a multilumen catheter was inserted into the right atrium, and 1I of isotonic saline was infused intra-atrially over 15 min through this catheter. Blood pressure, heart rate, and right atrial pressure were recorded just before (0 min), immediately after completion of the infusion (15 min), and every 15 min for 45 min thereafter. Two blood samples were drawn at each time point for atrial natriuretic hormone assay: one from the right atrium (central) and the other from a peripheral vein. Blood pressure did not change significantly during the entire study. Heart rate increased by 5 beats/min on average at 15 min (p < 0.005) and returned to baseline at 60 min. Good correlation occurred between central and peripheral atrial natriuretic hormone levels at times 0, 30, 45 and 60 min (r(2) = 0.,66, 0.45, 0.76 and 0.70, respectively; p less than or equal to 0.02). An increase in right atrial pressure and an increase in central atrial natriuretic hormone levels correlated well at times 30, 45 and 60 min, but there was no such correlation between an increase in right atrial pressure and an increase in peripheral atrial natriuretic hormone levels at any time point. Similarly, a maximum increase in right atrial pressure correlated with a maximum increase in central atrial natriuretic hormone levels (r(2) = 0.48; p < 0.02), but not with a maximum increase in peripheral levels of this hormone. We concluded that an increase in right atrial pressure caused by a rapid infusion of isotonic saline induces secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone in the right atrium. The observed discrepant course of change in central and peripheral atrial natriuretic hormone levels suggests the additional contribution of secretion beyond the level of the coronary sinus. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. RP Shenker, Y (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-03186] NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 29 IS 1 BP 33 EP 37 DI 10.1055/s-2007-978977 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WF738 UT WOS:A1997WF73800008 PM 9049652 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD AF Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD TI In vitro effects of melatonin on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine expression in young and old rats SO IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGE-RELATED DECLINE; CD4+ T-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-2 PRODUCTION; OPIATERGIC MECHANISM; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IMMUNE FUNCTION; IL-2 PRODUCTION; PINEAL-GLAND; AGING MICE; F344 RATS AB Melatonin (MLT) treatment in vivo has been shown to have immunomodulatory and anti-immunosenescent effects in the mouse model. In the present report, the in vitro effect of MLT on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine expression was evaluated in a rat model. Splenic lymphocytes were isolated from young (6 months) and old (24 months) F344 rats and were incubated with MLT in the presence or absence of mitogens. The proliferative response to concanavalin A (ConA) or PMA plus ionomycin was measured in splenocytes or T cells isolated from young and old rats. In addition, the induction of interteukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production was measured in MLT-treated and untreated lymphocytes isolated from young and old rats. The ConA-induced lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 expression were significantly lower and induction of IFN-gamma production was significantly higher in splenocytes and purified T cells isolated from old rats compared to splenocytes and T cells isolated from young rats. Treatment of lymphocytes with MLT did not significantly alter ConA-induced lymphocyte proliferation or IL-2 or IFN gamma expression in lymphocytes isolated from either young or old rats. On the basis of these data, we conclude that in vitro MLT treatment had no immunomodulatory effect on lymphocytes from rats. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00165, AG00677] NR 50 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0892-3973 J9 IMMUNOPHARM IMMUNOT JI Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. PY 1997 VL 19 IS 3 BP 327 EP 337 DI 10.3109/08923979709046979 PG 11 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA XM952 UT WOS:A1997XM95200003 PM 9248861 ER PT J AU Jarvik, LF Mintz, J Gerner, R Steuer, J AF Jarvik, LF Mintz, J Gerner, R Steuer, J TI Cognitive therapy for depression in the elderly SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter ID GERIATRIC DEPRESSION RP Jarvik, LF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0885-6230 J9 INT J GERIATR PSYCH JI Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 12 IS 1 BP 131 EP 132 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA WE406 UT WOS:A1997WE40600027 PM 9050438 ER PT J AU Buchner, DM AF Buchner, DM TI Physical activity and quality of life in older adults SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,NW CTR OUTCOMES RES OLDER ADULTS,SEATTLE,WA. RP Buchner, DM (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT HLTH SERV,POB 357660,SC-37,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 7 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 277 IS 1 BP 64 EP 66 DI 10.1001/jama.277.1.64 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VZ767 UT WOS:A1997VZ76700032 PM 8980213 ER PT J AU Huber, A Ling, W Shoptaw, S Gulati, V Brethen, P Rawson, R AF Huber, A Ling, W Shoptaw, S Gulati, V Brethen, P Rawson, R TI Integrating treatments for methamphetamine abuse: A psychosocial perspective SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COCAINE AB The recent West Coast experience with increased methamphetamine use is showing signs of spreading to other parts of the US. The risk of corresponding medical and psychosocial problems has led to a call to action at the highest levels of government. The next few years will likely witness a substantial increase in treatment research on methamphetamine abuse/dependence, with particular emphasis on the development and application of novel pharmacotherapies. The evaluation of these agents presupposes that we understand the clinical syndrome resulting from chronic methamphetamine use. To establish a clear picture of the biological and psychological sequellae of methamphetamine use, we compare two cohorts (500 methamphetamine and 224 cocaine users) treated at the same outpatient clinic over the past nine years, using identical manualized treatments. The results suggest that while there are important differences in group characteristics and drug effects, the total response to treatment was quite comparable. C1 LOS ANGELES ADDICT TREATMENT RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90025. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MEDICAT DEV RES UNIT,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,ALCOHOLISM & ADDICT MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. OI Shoptaw, Steven/0000-0002-3583-0026 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 06185, DA 09260, DA 50038] NR 12 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 2 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 1997 VL 16 IS 4 BP 41 EP 50 DI 10.1300/J069v16n04_04 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA XZ092 UT WOS:A1997XZ09200004 PM 9328808 ER PT J AU Ling, W Shoptaw, S AF Ling, W Shoptaw, S TI Integration of research in pharmacotherapy for addictive disease: Where are we? Where are we going? SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Article ID METHADONE-MAINTENANCE PATIENTS; SMOKING CESSATION; CONTINGENCY MANAGEMENT; ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE; COCAINE ABSTINENCE; NICOTINE PATCH; REINFORCEMENT; INTERVENTION; PHARMACOLOGY; ACAMPROSATE AB Systematic efforts by NIDA and NIAAA to develop new medications for drug and alcohol dependence have resulted in recent FDA approval of LAAM for opiate dependence, naltrexone for alcohol dependence and, more recently, a nasal spray for nicotine dependence. This article reviews the current strategies that guide these development efforts, including further examination of the interactions between potential pharmacotherapeutic agents and the drugs of abuse, the enhancement of pharmacotherapeutic efficacy with non-pharmacological interventions, and the development of more precise and meaningful measures of research outcome. C1 FRIENDS MED SCI RES CTR INC,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,MATRIX CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R18 DA6082]; PHS HHS [R4408786] NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 4 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 1997 VL 16 IS 4 BP 83 EP 102 DI 10.1300/J069v16n04_07 PG 20 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA XZ092 UT WOS:A1997XZ09200007 PM 9328811 ER PT J AU Virella, G Mironova, M Virella, I LopesVirella, MF AF Virella, G Mironova, M Virella, I LopesVirella, MF TI The atherogenic potential of anti-LDL antibodies. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 99 IS 1 SU S BP 92 EP 92 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WH142 UT WOS:A1997WH14200091 ER PT J AU Geisler, D Sanchez, H Bush, R AF Geisler, D Sanchez, H Bush, R TI Detection of Alternaria antigen by dot-immunoblot PCR. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 99 IS 1 SU S BP 343 EP 343 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WH142 UT WOS:A1997WH14200342 ER PT J AU Crawford, WW Klaustermeyer, WB AF Crawford, WW Klaustermeyer, WB TI Age effects on total serum IgE, atopy, prevalence of asthma, and prevalence of rhinitis. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 99 IS 1 SU S BP 560 EP 560 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WH142 UT WOS:A1997WH14200558 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD AF Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD TI Age-related changes in MAP kinase and LCK, FYN, and ZAP-70 activities in mitogen-stimulated rat T cells. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 99 IS 1 SU S BP 1180 EP 1180 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WH142 UT WOS:A1997WH14201177 ER PT J AU Bush, R Sanchez, H Geisler, D AF Bush, R Sanchez, H Geisler, D TI Recombinant Alt a 2 is a significant Alternaria allergen. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 99 IS 1 SU S BP 1429 EP 1429 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WH142 UT WOS:A1997WH14201424 ER PT J AU Sanchez, H Geisler, D Bush, R AF Sanchez, H Geisler, D Bush, R TI IgE-binding epitopes of the recombinant Alternaria allergen, Alt a 2. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 99 IS 1 SU S BP 1594 EP 1594 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA WH142 UT WOS:A1997WH14201590 ER PT J AU EspinelIngroff, A Bartlett, M Bowden, R Chin, NX Cooper, C Fothergill, A McGinnis, MR Menezes, P Messer, SA Nelson, PW Odds, FC Pasarell, L Peter, J Pfaller, MA Rex, JH Rinaldi, MG Shankland, GS Walsh, TJ Weitzman, I AF EspinelIngroff, A Bartlett, M Bowden, R Chin, NX Cooper, C Fothergill, A McGinnis, MR Menezes, P Messer, SA Nelson, PW Odds, FC Pasarell, L Peter, J Pfaller, MA Rex, JH Rinaldi, MG Shankland, GS Walsh, TJ Weitzman, I TI Multicenter evaluation of proposed standardized procedure for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMPHOTERICIN-B; BROTH MACRODILUTION; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; FLUCONAZOLE; INFECTIONS; THERAPY AB A multicenter study was conducted to expand the generation and analysis of data that supports the proposal of a reference method for the antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. Broth microdilution MICs of amphotericin B and itraconazole were determined in 11 centers against 30 coded duplicate pairs of Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., Pseudallescheria boydii, and Rhizopus arrhizus. The effect of inoculum density (approximately 10(3) and 10(4) CFU/ml), incubation time (24, 48, and 72 h), and procedure of MIC determination (conventional and colorimetric [Alamar Blue] evaluation of growth inhibition) on intra- and interlaboratory agreement was analyzed. Based on intra- (97 to 100%) and interlaboratory (94 to 95%) agreement for both drugs, the overall optimal testing conditions identified were determination of colorimetric MICs after 48 to 72 h of incubation with an inoculum density of approximately 10(4) CFU/ml. These testing conditions are proposed as guidelines for a reference broth microdilution method. C1 INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98104. COLUMBIA PRESBYTERIAN MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10032. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,GALVESTON,TX 77555. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,LAB SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,CTR STUDY EMERGING & REEMERGING PATHOGENS,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV INFECT DIS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. JANSSEN RES FDN,B-2340 BEERSE,BELGIUM. NCI,MYCOL UNIT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST SECT,PEDIAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. REG MYCOL REFERENCE LAB,GLASGOW,LANARK,SCOTLAND. RP EspinelIngroff, A (reprint author), VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,DIV INFECT DIS,BOX 980049,1101 E MARSHALL ST,RICHMOND,VA 23298, USA. NR 20 TC 198 Z9 206 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 35 IS 1 BP 139 EP 143 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VY566 UT WOS:A1997VY56600024 PM 8968895 ER PT J AU Frazer, A AF Frazer, A TI Antidepressants SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Advances in Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy CY FEB 02, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA ID MONOAMINE-OXIDASE INHIBITORS; SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; LOCUS-CERULEUS NEURONS; LONG-TERM TREATMENT; MAJOR DEPRESSION; ATYPICAL DEPRESSION; PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES; PLASMA TRYPTOPHAN; LIMBIC FOREBRAIN; DORSAL RAPHE AB This review covers the chemical structures, efficacy, side effects, toxicity, and mechanisms of action of various classes of antidepressants: tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and second generation antidepressants including the serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors, and novel drugs such as mirtazapine, nefazodone, and venlafaxine. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Frazer, A (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 29094] NR 155 TC 119 Z9 121 U1 3 U2 7 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1997 VL 58 SU 6 BP 9 EP 25 PG 17 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA XL060 UT WOS:A1997XL06000002 PM 9227669 ER PT J AU Leuchter, AF Cook, IA Uijtdehaage, SHJ Dunkin, J Lufkin, RB Anderson-Hanley, C Abrams, M Rosenberg-Thompson, S O'Hara, R Simon, SL Osato, S Babaie, A AF Leuchter, AF Cook, IA Uijtdehaage, SHJ Dunkin, J Lufkin, RB Anderson-Hanley, C Abrams, M Rosenberg-Thompson, S O'Hara, R Simon, SL Osato, S Babaie, A TI Brain structure and function and the outcomes of treatment for depression SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Functional Brain Alterations in Depression and Anxiety, at the Xth World Congress of Psychiatry CY AUG 24, 1996 CL MADRID, SPAIN SP Wyeth Ayerst Labs ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; HIGH-INTENSITY SIGNALS; LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION; MOOD DISORDERS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; FOLLOW-UP; OLD-AGE; SUBCORTICAL HYPERINTENSITIES AB Depressed patients have a variety of brain structural alterations, the most common being atrophy and deep white-matter lesions. Alterations in brain function also are common, particularly regional decreases in cerebral metabolism and perfusion. Method: We review here the evidence that alterations in brain structure and function may explain some of the heterogeneity in outcomes of depression. We also report initial results suggesting that measurement of brain structure and function may help to predict outcomes of treatment for depression. Brain structure was examined using three-dimensional reconstruction and volumetric analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRT) scans. Brain function was examined using quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG), performed at baseline and serially during the course of treatment. QEEG measures included coherence (a measure of synchronized activity between brain regions) and cordance (a measure strongly associated with regional cerebral perfusion). Results: Depressed patients have been reported to have larger volumes of white-matter lesions than controls. We have found that some types of white-matter lesions are associated with lower coherence and that subjects with low coherence had significantly poorer outcomes of treatment for depression at 2-year follow-up. Depressed subjects had low cordance at baseline, which decreased further during the course of effective treatment. Subjects who did not improve had little or no change in cordance. Changes in cordance were detected prior to the onset of clinical response, with decreases seen as early as 48 hours after the initiation of treatment in subjects who showed eventual response. Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that functional imaging using QEEG may be useful for assessing, and possibly predicting, outcomes of treatment for depression. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Quantitat EEG Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Leuchter, AF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza,Room 37-452, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. OI Uijtdehaage, Sebastian/0000-0001-8598-4683 FU NIDA NIH HHS [1 Y01 DA 50038]; NIMH NIH HHS [1 KO2 MH 01165]; PHS HHS [1RO1 40705-09] NR 57 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 5 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1997 VL 58 SU 16 BP 22 EP 31 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA YQ022 UT WOS:000071339600005 PM 9430506 ER PT J AU Small, GW Bystritsky, A AF Small, GW Bystritsky, A TI Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of two doses of abecarnil for geriatric anxiety SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th Collegium-Internationale-Neuropsychopharmacologicum Symposium on a New Concept in the Treatment of Anxiety CY JUN 23-27, 1996 CL MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA SP Collegium Int Neuropsychopharm, Schering AG ID BENZODIAZEPINES; COMORBIDITY; PREVALENCE; DEPRESSION; COMMUNITY AB We studied the tolerability and efficacy of abecarnil, a new partial benzodiazepine agonist, for short-term relief of anxiety in geriatric patients. After a 1-week placebo lead-in, 182 outpatients (mean +/- SD age = 68.3 +/- 5.8; range, 59-85 years) were randomly assigned in a double-blind, parallel-group design to high-dosage abecarnil (7.5-17.5 mg daily), low-dosage abecarnil (3.0-7.0 mg daily), or placebo far 6 weeks of acute treatment followed by abrupt discontinuation and a 2-week follow-up. During the acute treatment period, the discontinuation rate from adverse events was greater for the group treated with high-dosage abecarnil (44%) than for the groups treated with low-dosage abecarnil (14%) or placebo (12%). The most frequently reported side effects associated with abecarnil were drowsiness and insomnia. For the acute treatment period, low-dosage abecarnil was superior to placebo in reducing anxiety at Weeks 2-4 and 6, and was statistically significantly superior to high-dosage abecarnil at Weeks 4-6. More than half of the placebo group showed at least moderate global improvement al Weeks 3 and 6, One week after abrupt discontinuation of abecarnil, the placebo-treated group had less anxiety than did both groups treated with high-dosage and low-dosage abecarnil. The most commonly reported symptoms of withdrawal were headache and insomnia. These data indicate that abecarnil, at dosages ranging from 3.0 to 7.0 mg daily, is better tolerated and more efficacious for the short-term treatment of anxiety in geriatric patients than are higher dosages of 7.5 to 17.5 mg daily. Abrupt discontinuation of abecarnil at tither dosage range causes definite rebound symptoms within the first week after withdrawal. These data also suggest that treatment with placebo offers at least moderate relief of anxiety in many elderly patients. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,CTR AGING,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Small, GW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,760 WESTWOOD PLAZA,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1997 VL 58 SU 11 BP 24 EP 29 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA YE167 UT WOS:A1997YE16700005 PM 9363045 ER PT J AU VanDijk, S Dean, DD Liu, Y Zhao, Y Schwartz, Z Boyan, BD AF VanDijk, S Dean, DD Liu, Y Zhao, Y Schwartz, Z Boyan, BD TI Immunological detection of bacterial proteolipids involved in microbial calcification. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 102 EP 102 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68000103 ER PT J AU Mobley, CC Romeu, J Cornell, JE Saudners, MJ AF Mobley, CC Romeu, J Cornell, JE Saudners, MJ TI Nutrient profile analysis for elders with removable dental prostheses. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. GRECC,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1266 EP 1266 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001266 ER PT J AU Burgess, JO Douglas, AS Norling, BK AF Burgess, JO Douglas, AS Norling, BK TI Post retention in root filled teeth. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RI Norling, Barry/I-4119-2013 OI Norling, Barry/0000-0001-6655-8750 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 1357 EP 1357 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68001352 ER PT J AU Dodds, MWJ Johnson, DA Yeh, CK AF Dodds, MWJ Johnson, DA Yeh, CK TI Effect of diabetes on saliva output and composition. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1997 VL 76 SI SI BP 2080 EP 2080 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WB680 UT WOS:A1997WB68002076 ER PT J AU Yagnik, PM Schraeder, PL OHara, K AF Yagnik, PM Schraeder, PL OHara, K TI Therapeutic phenytoin levels with tube feeding: New techniques SO JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY LA English DT Article DE phenytoin; tube feeding; seizures; nutrition; blood levels ID ENTERAL NUTRIENT FORMULA; ABSORPTION AB A therapeutic serum level of phenytoin (PHT) is difficult to achieve in patients who receive enteral tube feeding. In four patients, PHT capsules were dissolved in 250 ml warm water and cooled to body temperature before being administered. A therapeutic serum level of PHT was maintained in all four patients. Another group of three patients received PHT suspension, at an interval of 8 h, with water at room temperature. Again serum PHT levels were maintained in the therapeutic range in all three patients. The present preliminary study indicates that bioavailability of PHT is increased by dissolution in water in patients receiving chronic enteral tube feeding. There is a need for further investigation of the kinetics of absorption of PHT and other antiepileptic drugs in patients receiving enteral tube feeding. (C) 1997 by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 ALLEGHENY UNIV HLTH SCI,HAHNEMANN MED COLL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19102. COOPER HOSP UNIV MED CTR,ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MED SCH,DIV NEUROL,CAMDEN,NJ 08103. RP Yagnik, PM (reprint author), PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0896-6974 J9 J EPILEPSY JI J. Epilepsy PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 10 IS 1 BP 22 EP 25 DI 10.1016/S0896-6974(96)00070-9 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WP354 UT WOS:A1997WP35400006 ER PT J AU Spiro, A Schnurr, PP Aldwin, CM AF Spiro, A Schnurr, PP Aldwin, CM TI A life-span perspective on the effects of military service SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Even unto Old Age - The Long-Term Effects of Traumatic Experience CY OCT 14, 1995 CL CAMBRIDGE, MA SP Boston Soc Gerontol Psychiat Inc ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; WORLD-WAR-II; KEANE PTSD SCALE; TRAUMATIC EVENTS; VIETNAM-WAR; FOLLOW-UP; DELAYED RECOGNITION; FORMER PRISONERS; UNITED-STATES; MALE VETERANS C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OUTPATIENT CLIN,NORMAT AGING STUDY,BOSTON,MA. BOSTON UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,BOSTON,MA 02215. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MED & REF OFF CTR,NATL CTR POSTTRAUMAT STRESS DISORDERS,WHITE RIVER JCT,VT. DARTMOUTH COLL,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHOL,HANOVER,NH 03755. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT HUMAN & COMMUNITY DEV,DAVIS,CA. NR 113 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 3 PU INT UNIV PRESS INC PI MADISON PA 59 BOSTON POST RD PO BOX 1524, MADISON, CT 06443-1524 SN 0022-1414 J9 J GERIATR PSYCHIAT JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry PY 1997 VL 30 IS 1 BP 91 EP 128 PG 38 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA XV730 UT WOS:A1997XV73000006 ER PT J AU Masterman, DL Mendez, MF Fairbanks, LA Cummings, JL AF Masterman, DL Mendez, MF Fairbanks, LA Cummings, JL TI Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of technetium 99-HMPAO SPECT in discriminating Alzheimer's disease from other dementias SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMISSION COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; ADRDA WORK GROUP; TC-99M HM-PAO; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; NEUROPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS; INFARCT DEMENTIA; TEMPORAL-LOBE; BRAIN SPECT; I-123 IMP AB Investigators have reported high sensitivity and specificity values for single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) when distinguishing Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients from normal elderly controls or from selected patient groups. The role of SPECT in identifying AD among unselected patients with memory complaints requires investigation. We examined 139 consecutive patients with Tc-99-HMPAO SPECT. NINCDS-ADRDA diagnoses were determined blind to SPECT results, and scans were read and classified by visual inspection blind to clinical diagnoses. Bilateral temporoparietal hypoperfusion (TP) occurred in 75% of probable, 65% of possible, and 45% of unlikely AD patients, yielding a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 52% when comparing probable AD versus unlikely AD groups. A positive predictive value of 78% was obtained based on a 69% prevalence of AD in our total clinic population. Patients with false-positive results included a variety of dementing illnesses; all patients with bilateral hypoperfusion had dementia. A pattern of TP on SPECT scans is seen in most patients with AD, but could be found in other dementias as well and cannot be regarded as specific to AD. Reduced TP perfusion discriminated between demented and nondemented individuals. Further strategies for SPECT interpretation that improve diagnostic specificity should be sought. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,SCH MED,NEUROBEHAV UNIT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Masterman, DL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROL,SCH MED,NEUROBEHAV UNIT,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 50 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 10 IS 1 BP 15 EP 21 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA WX819 UT WOS:A1997WX81900004 PM 9100154 ER PT J AU Sternini, C AF Sternini, C BE Hauser, C TI Organization of the peripheral nervous system: Autonomic and sensory ganglia SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL 2, NO 1, AUGUST 1997 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th Annual Symposium on the Biology of the Skin - Cutaneous Innervation and Neurobiology of the Skin CY JUL 20-24, 1996 CL SNOWMASS, CO SP Natl Psoriasis Fdn, Orentreich Fdn Adv Sci, Univ Colorado Canc Ctr DE peptides; peptide receptors; sympathetic ganglia; parasympathetic ganglia AB Major advances have been made in our understanding of autonomic and sensory transmission and function during the past two decades. These include (i) the establishment of the role of sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia in relaying neuronal information from the central nervous system to effector organs, (ii) the recognition that enteric ganglia, the third component of the autonomic nervous system, contain independent integrative circuits that control complex local activities, (iii) the evidence for local effector functions of primary sensory nerves in addition to their role in sensory transmission, and (iv) the discovery of plasticity of both autonomic and sensory neurons during disease states and inflammation. A major contribution to these new concepts has been the recognition that in both autonomic and sensory ganglia a variety of transmitters coexist in single neurons, Go-transmission is a widespread phenomenon that enables autonomic and sensory neurons to exert fine and highly regulated control of various functions such as circulation, respiration, digestion, and immune response, This chapter will focus on the general principles and specific features of autonomic and sensory ganglia, with a particular emphasis on their general organization and neurochemical properties. Classical concepts and modern principles of classification of autonomic and sensory ganglia are discussed. RP Sternini, C (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE DDRC,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 115,ROOM 203,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 PY 1997 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA BJ37T UT WOS:A1997BJ37T00001 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Ghosh, MJ LopesVirella, MF AF Huang, Y Ghosh, MJ LopesVirella, MF TI Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LDL receptor gene expression in PMA-treated THP-1 cells by LDL-containing immune complexes SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cholesterol; macrophage; Fc gamma receptor ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; OXIDIZED LDL; ACCUMULATION; BINDING; INSULIN; RABBIT; IGG AB We have previously shown that uptake of low density lipoprotein-containing immune complexes (LDL-IC) by human monocyte-derived macrophages led to the transformation of these cells into foam cells and induced a paradoxical increase in receptor-mediated binding of I-125-labeled LDL due to an increase in the number of LDL receptors (LDLR). The same metabolic changes are also observed in PMA-treated THP-1 cells after incubation for 2 h with 150 mu g/ml of immune complexes containing either native, oxidized (ox), or malondialdehyde (mda) LDL. After stimulation, PMA-treated THP-1 cells showed not only a 40-fold increase in I-125-labeled LDL binding but also a 40-fold increase in the immunoreactive LDL-R protein, confirming that the increase in LDL binding is due to an increase LDLR number. In this study ive have investigated, in PMA-treated THP-1 cells, the regulatory mechanism(s) responsible for the increased receptor-mediated binding of LDL induced by LDL-IC. By Northern blot and nuclear run-on analysis we have shown transcriptional activation of the LDL-R gene with a 7-fold increase in the LDL-R mRNA level in LDL-IC stimulated cells. Due to the marked difference between the increase in LDL-R mRNA and LDL-R protein, we estimated LDLR mRNA stability using a inhibitor chase method and have shown that LDL-IC did not alter the LDL-R mRNA stability in THP-1 cells. We have also demonstrated, using cycloheximide as a inhibitor of protein synthesis, that the marked increase in LDL-R protein observed in LDL-IC-stimulated THP-1 cells resulted from de novo synthesis of LDL-R protein. To determine whether the increase in transcriptional activity of the LDLR gene was secondary to changes in the cholesterol regulatory pool we performed experiments in which the cell cholesterol content was modified by the addition of either 25-hydroxycholesterol and mevalonate or inhibitors of ACAT activity (SA-58035 and progesterone). These experiments showed that the enhanced LDL-R expression was not affected by the addition of any of the above compounds. In conclusion, LDL-IC induced both transcriptional and post-transcriptional activation of the LDL-R gene in PMA-treated THP-I cells and this induction was independent of the free cholesterol content of these cells. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL46815] NR 27 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 38 IS 1 BP 110 EP 120 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA WH710 UT WOS:A1997WH71000012 PM 9034205 ER PT J AU Roberts, DR Vincent, DJ Speer, AM Bohning, DE Cure, J Young, J George, MS AF Roberts, DR Vincent, DJ Speer, AM Bohning, DE Cure, J Young, J George, MS TI Multi-modality mapping of motor cortex: comparing echoplanar BOLD fMRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual Meeting of the International-Society-of-Magnetic-Resonance-in-Medicine CY APR 12-18, 1997 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Soc Magnet Resonance Med DE transcranial magnetic stimulation; magnetic resonance imaging; motor cortex ID BRAIN-STIMULATION; FUNCTIONAL MRI; LOCALIZATION; PET AB Multiple non-invasive methods of imaging brain function are now available for presurgical planning and neurobiological research. As these new methods become available, it is important to understand their relative advantages and liabilities, as well as how the information gained compares across different methods. A current and future trend in neurobiological studies as well as presurgical planning is to combine information from different imaging techniques. Multi-modal integration may perhaps give more powerful information than each modality alone, especially when one of the methods is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), with its ability to non-invasively activate the brain. As an initial venture in cross comparing new imaging methods, we performed the following 2 studies, locating motor cortex with echoplanar BOLD fMRI and TMS. The two methods can be readily integrated, with concurring results, although each have important limitations. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT RADIOL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT PSYCHIAT, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT NEUROL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC USA. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0300-9564 J9 J NEURAL TRANSM JI J. Neural Transm. PY 1997 VL 104 IS 8-9 BP 833 EP 843 DI 10.1007/BF01285552 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA YH660 UT WOS:A1997YH66000006 PM 9451716 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Zhu, P Wilds, DJ vanKammen, DP AF Yao, JK Zhu, P Wilds, DJ vanKammen, DP TI A simplified routine assay for urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION LA English DT Article DE 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG); MHPG sulfate; MHPG glucuronide; glusulase; glucuronidase; sulfatase; high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC); electrochemical detection (ECD) ID NOREPINEPHRINE METABOLISM; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; BRAIN; MHPG; ACID; AMITRIPTYLINE; CONVERSION; EXCRETION; PLASMA; GLYCOL AB Urinary 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) level may provide us with a biochemical index for central noradrenergic activity. Previous methods for assaying MHPG ill urine often lacked specificity, sensitivity, cost-effectiveness or convenience. We now describe a simplified routine assay for urinary MHPG by high-pressure liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection. For convenience and cost-effectiveness within a typical batch assay of total MHPG, 0.5 mL of urine sample, 50 mu L of glusulase and 4 mu g iso-vanillyl alcohol (internal standard) were used to hydrolyze conjugated MHPG at 37 degrees C overnight. Alternatively, for a same-day operation, it is efficient to hydrolyze the sample at 50 degrees C for 3 hours. Each sample was separated isocratically on a reversed-phase column (Ultracarb 5 ODS) at 25 degrees C with the flow rate at 1 mL/min. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were found to be 4.0% (n = 10) and 5.0% (n = 27), respectively, for MHPG at a mean concentration of 1.9 mg/L. Sulfatase or glucuronidase can be substituted for glusulase to obtain either sulfate- or glucuronide-conjugated MHPG. This procedure requires smaller sample amounts and less preparation time without compromising sensitivity and reproducibility. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,MED CTR,WESTERN PSYCHIAT INST & CLIN,PITTSBURGH,PA. RP Yao, JK (reprint author), VA PITTSBURGH HEALTHCARE SYST,7180 HIGHLAND DR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15206, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 44841, MH 43742] NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0300-9564 J9 J NEURAL TRANSM JI J. Neural Transm. PY 1997 VL 104 IS 8-9 BP 967 EP 975 DI 10.1007/BF01285564 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA YH660 UT WOS:A1997YH66000018 PM 9451728 ER PT J AU DeLorey, TM Handforth, A Asatourian, A Homanics, GE Ferguson, C Minassian, B DelgadoEscueta, AV Olsen, RW AF DeLorey, TM Handforth, A Asatourian, A Homanics, GE Ferguson, C Minassian, B DelgadoEscueta, AV Olsen, RW TI Mice lacking the GABA(A) receptor beta(3) subunit gene have some of the characteristics of Angelmann syndrome. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MOL & MED PHARMACOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT ANESTHESIOL CRIT CARE MED,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. UNIV TORONTO,HOSP SICK CHILDREN,DIV NEUROL,TORONTO,ON M5G 1X8,CANADA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1997 VL 69 SU S BP S236 EP S236 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA XM285 UT WOS:A1997XM28500928 ER PT J AU Yao, JK vanKammen, DP Reddy, RD AF Yao, JK vanKammen, DP Reddy, RD TI Reduced status of plasma antioxidant capacity in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA PITTSBURGH HLTH CARE SYST,PITTSBURGH,PA 15206. UNIV PITTSBURGH,MED CTR,WPIC,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1997 VL 69 SU S BP S250 EP S250 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA XM285 UT WOS:A1997XM28500986 ER PT J AU Masterman, DL Cummings, JL AF Masterman, DL Cummings, JL TI Frontal-subcortical circuits: The anatomic basis of executive, social and motivated behaviors SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dopamine; frontal-subcortical circuits; matrix; receptors; striatum; striosomes ID BASAL GANGLIA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; ACETYLCHOLINE-RELEASE; STRIATUM; ORGANIZATION; NEURONS; LOBE; NEUROTRANSMITTERS; INTERNEURONS; CONNECTIONS AB A series of discrete, parallel frontal-subcortical circuits have been demonstrated to link specific areas of the frontal lobe to areas within the basal ganglia and thalamus. A variety of circuit-specific behaviors can be described involving the dorsolateral prefrontal, orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate circuits. Interruptions or imbalance occurring at various levels within these closed looped circuits is felt to underlie the characteristic behavioral patterns seen. The intricate neurochemical arrangement of the striatum and the complex neurotransmitter interactions that occur within these key subcortical structures form the basis for modulatory influences that can affect these circuits. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 55 TC 150 Z9 153 U1 2 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 6 BONHILL STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND EC2A 4PU SN 0269-8811 J9 J PSYCHOPHARMACOL JI J. Psychopharmacol. PY 1997 VL 11 IS 2 BP 107 EP 114 DI 10.1177/026988119701100203 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA XK611 UT WOS:A1997XK61100003 PM 9208374 ER PT J AU Brothers, TE Frank, CE Frank, B Robison, JG Elliott, BM Schutte, HD Merrill, KD Friedman, RJ AF Brothers, TE Frank, CE Frank, B Robison, JG Elliott, BM Schutte, HD Merrill, KD Friedman, RJ TI Is duplex venous surveillance worthwhile after arthroplasty? SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Symposium of the Association-of-Veterans-Administration-Surgeons CY APR 28-30, 1996 CL DETROIT, MI SP Assoc Vet Adm Surgeons ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; HIP-SURGERY; IMPEDANCE PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; MAJOR HIP; DIAGNOSIS; THROMBOEMBOLISM; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; PROPHYLAXIS; VENOGRAPHY AB Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) complicates 60% of knee and 80% of hip arthroplasties performed without prophylactic therapy. Routine postoperative duplex ultrasound surveillance has been proposed for the detection of venous thrombosis following arthroplasty. In order to determine whether surveillance represents an effective strategy to detect postoperative DVT when prophylaxis is used, surveillance duplex exams obtained after primary or revision hip or knee arthroplasty were analyzed using decision analysis techniques. DVT was suspected clinically after 95 of 738 (13%) arthroplasties, with no symptoms suggestive of DVT after the remaining 643 procedures. Surveillance duplex scans were performed within 2 weeks of 371 procedures, while no surveillance studies were performed after the remaining 272 procedures. In these asymptomatic patients only 2 (0.5%) surveillance duplex studies were positive for DVT. In contrast, 4 of 37 (11%) duplex exams and 5 of 62 (8%) contrast phlebograms performed among symptomatic patients were positive for DVT. The overall incidence of DVT after arthroplasty in the entire population was 1.4% (10/738) with no pulmonary emboli. Patient follow-up averaged 162 +/- 285 days. Using the 1995 Medicare reimbursement of $163 for venous duplex, the incremental cost was $35,000 to detect 1 additional unsuspected DVT and $110,000 per additional quality-adjusted life-year gained. The low incidence of clinically significant DVT and pulmonary emboli with current prophylaxis does not justify an aggressive screening program. Decision analysis suggests that a greater incidence of DVT is required for screening to be worthwhile. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RP Brothers, TE (reprint author), RALPH HENRY JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 EI 1095-8673 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 67 IS 1 BP 72 EP 78 DI 10.1006/jsre.1996.4962 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA WK047 UT WOS:A1997WK04700014 PM 9070185 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MW Seeley, RJ AF Schwartz, MW Seeley, RJ TI The new biology of body weight regulation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID NEUROPEPTIDE GENE-EXPRESSION; OBESE GENE; ENERGY-BALANCE; OB/OB MOUSE; OB PROTEIN; INSULIN; FOOD; HYPERPHAGIA; PLASMA; HYPOTHALAMUS AB A growing body of evidence suggests that energy balance (the difference between energy intake and expenditure) and body fuel stores in the form of adipose tissue are maintained by the body within a narrow range. This regulation of adiposity is mediated by the secretion of hormonal signals into the circulation in proportion to body adipose stores and their subsequent actions on brain systems that control caloric intake and energy expenditure. hs a result, changes in energy balance sufficient to alter fuel stores elicit compensatory changes in energy intake and expenditure that return fat stores to their regulated level Recent scientific breakthroughs have identified the key components of this physiologic system. These include the circulating signals, leptin (the hormone encoded by the ob gene that is secreted by fat cells) and the pancreatic hormone insulin; and brain peptides such as neuropeptide YI which is released from nerve terminals in the hypothalamus to elicit changes in feeding behavior and energy expenditure that mediate adaptive changes in energy balance. This article reviews the discovery of leptin and its receptor and discusses the interaction of leptin and insulin with the hypothalamic neuropeptide Y system. These observations provide a basis for understanding how weight lost during a period of negative energy balance (because of the inability to consume and/or store sufficient energy to meet ongoing energy demands) is eventually recovered. As our understanding of this weight-regulatory system increases, new insights into the causes of human obesity are likely to follow. Such insights may yield improvements in the medical and nutrition management of obese patients. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PSYCHOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,1660 S COLUMBIAN WAY,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK35816]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS32273] NR 41 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 97 IS 1 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0002-8223(97)00018-7 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA WM907 UT WOS:A1997WM90700012 PM 8990418 ER PT J AU Letourneau, EJ Schewe, PA Frueh, BC AF Letourneau, EJ Schewe, PA Frueh, BC TI Preliminary evaluation of sexual problems in combat veterans with PTSD SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article DE GRISS; PTSD; sexual; problems; veterans AB This study evaluated the potential relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and sexual problems. The Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction was mailed to combat veterans currently in treatment at an outpatient PTSD clinic. Completed questionnaires were received from 90 patients. Results indicated that over 80% of subjects were experiencing clinically relevant sexual difficulties Impotence and premature ejaculation were the most frequently reported problems that have corresponding psychological diagnoses. The rates of sexual problems for this sample of veterans with PTSD was similar to those reported in other studies and exceeded rates of similar problems found in samples from community samples. These data suggest that PTSD may be a risk factor for sexual problems. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PSYCHOL,PREVENT RES TRAINING PROGRAM,CHICAGO,IL 60637. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,COLUMBIA,SC 29209. RP Letourneau, EJ (reprint author), AUGUSTA STATE UNIV,AUGUSTA,GA 30904, USA. NR 14 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 7 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD JAN PY 1997 VL 10 IS 1 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1002/jts.2490100112 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA WE880 UT WOS:A1997WE88000011 PM 9018683 ER PT J AU Tan, AU Levine, BS Mazess, RB Kyllo, DM Bishop, CW Knutson, JC Kleinman, KS Coburn, JW AF Tan, AU Levine, BS Mazess, RB Kyllo, DM Bishop, CW Knutson, JC Kleinman, KS Coburn, JW TI Effective suppression of parathyroid hormone by 1 alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D-2 in hemodialysis patients with moderate to severe secondary hyperparathyroidism SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Nephrology CY NOV 03-08, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Soc Nephrol ID DOSE INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; VITAMIN-D; CALCIUM-METABOLISM; PROSPECTIVE TRIAL; UREMIC PATIENTS; RENAL-FAILURE; PULSE THERAPY; BONE-DISEASE; PHOSPHATE AB Calcitriol, as used for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism, has a low therapeutic index. The safety and efficacy of the vitamin D analog, 1 alpha(OH)-vitamin D-2 (1 alpha D-2), which has less toxicity in animals than 1 alpha(OH)-vitamin D-3, was tested in a multicenter study of 24 hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism [serum intact (i) PTH > 400 pg/ml]. Calcium-based phosphate binders alone were used to maintain serum phosphorus less than or equal to 6.9 mg/dl. After eight weeks without calcitriol (washout), oral 1 alpha D-2, 4 mu g/day or 4 mu g thrice weekly, was started, with thr dose adjusted over 12 weeks to maintain serum IPTH between 130 and 250 pg/ml. Pre-treatment serum iPTH fell from 672 +/- 70 pg/ml (SEM) to 289 +/- 36 after treatment (P < 0.05). The maximal decrease in serum iPTH was 48 to 96%, with 87.5% of patients reaching target IPTH levels. The final dose of 1 alpha D-2 averaged 14.2 mu g/week. Pre-treatment serum calcium rose modestly from 8.8 +/- 0.2 mg/dl to 9.5 +/- 0.2 after treatment (P < 0.001). Only once did modest hypercalcemia (serum Ca > 11.2 mg/dl) necessitate stopping treatment. Neither the average serum P level, the incidence of hyperphosphatemia, nor the dose of phosphate binders changed from washout to treatment. Thus, oral 1 alpha D-2, is highly efficacious in suppressing secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients and is safe despite exclusive use of calcium-based phosphate-binders. Future studies should clarify the optimal dosage regimen. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH DIV,MED & RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. BONE CARE INT INC,MADISON,WI. NR 35 TC 110 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 51 IS 1 BP 317 EP 323 DI 10.1038/ki.1997.39 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA WB338 UT WOS:A1997WB33800039 PM 8995749 ER PT S AU Wong, H Davis, RC Hill, JS Yang, D Schotz, MC AF Wong, H Davis, RC Hill, JS Yang, D Schotz, MC BE Rubin, B Dennis, EA TI Lipase engineering: A window into structure-function relationships SO LIPASES, PART A: BIOTECHNOLOGY SE Methods in Enzymology LA English DT Review ID RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; CELL-SURFACE PROTEOGLYCANS; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; HEPATIC LIPASE; DOMAIN; BINDS; EVOLUTION; MUTAGENESIS; EXPRESSION; CATABOLISM C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Wong, H (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LIPID RES LAB, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 BN 0-12-182185-4 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1997 VL 284 BP 171 EP 184 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BJ57Q UT WOS:A1997BJ57Q00009 PM 9379933 ER PT S AU Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Schotz, MC Wong, H AF Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Schotz, MC Wong, H BE Rubin, B Dennis, EA TI Hepatic lipase: High-level expression and subunit structure determination SO LIPASES, PART A: BIOTECHNOLOGY SE Methods in Enzymology LA English DT Review ID HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE; PANCREATIC LIPASE; RADIATION INACTIVATION; CHIMERIC LIPASE; MOLECULAR-SIZE; RAT-LIVER; DOMAIN C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Hill, JS (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LIPID RES LAB, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 BN 0-12-182185-4 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1997 VL 284 BP 232 EP 246 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BJ57Q UT WOS:A1997BJ57Q00013 PM 9379936 ER PT S AU Holm, C Contreras, JA Verger, R Schotz, MC AF Holm, C Contreras, JA Verger, R Schotz, MC BE Rubin, B Dennis, EA TI Large-scale purification and kinetic properties of recombinant hormone-sensitive lipase from baculovirus-insect cell systems SO LIPASES, PART A: BIOTECHNOLOGY SE Methods in Enzymology LA English DT Review ID RAT ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CATALYZED HYDROLYSIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MONOMOLECULAR FILMS; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; MORAXELLA TA144; IDENTIFICATION; GENE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE C1 CNRS, UPR 9025, IFRCI, LAB LIPOLYSE ENZYMAT, F-13402 MARSEILLE, FRANCE. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LIPID RES LAB, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Holm, C (reprint author), LUND UNIV, DEPT CELL & MOL BIOL, SECT MOL SIGNALLING, S-22100 LUND, SWEDEN. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-28481] NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 BN 0-12-182185-4 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1997 VL 284 BP 272 EP 284 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BJ57Q UT WOS:A1997BJ57Q00016 PM 9379939 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Hance, DB Marx, P Foster, JA Marder, SR AF Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Hance, DB Marx, P Foster, JA Marder, SR TI MR evaluation of age-related increase of brain iron in young adult and older normal males SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Magnetic-Resonance CY AUG 06-12, 1994 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Soc Magnet Resonance DE magnetic resonance; ferritin; T-2 relaxation time; field strength dependence of transverse relaxation rate (R(2)); extrapyramidal nuclei ID DIFFERENT FIELD STRENGTHS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; T2 VALUES; TRANSVERSE RELAXATION; 1.5 T; FERRITIN; HYPOINTENSITY; DEPOSITION; MICROSCOPY; TISSUE AB The purposes of this study were to extend the investigation of age-related increases in brain iron to a younger age group, replicate previously published results, and further evaluate the validity of a novel noninvasive magnetic resonance (MR) method for measuring tissue iron (ferritin) levels with specificity. The method consists of measuring the dependence of tissue transverse relaxation rates (R(2)) on the field strength of MR instruments. Two MR instruments operating at 1.5 and 0.5 T were used to measure the field-dependent R(2) increase (FDRI) in the frontal white matter, caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus. A group of 13 normal adult males(ages 21-77), with seven subjects below and six above age 35, was examined. As expected from postmortem and prior FDRI data, robust and significant age-related increases in FDRI were observed in the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus, with the globus pallidus FDRI increasing sharply in the second decade and reaching a plateau after age 30. In addition, we replicated previous reports showing very high correlations between FDRI and published brain iron levels for the four regions examined. The data replicate and extend previous FDRI observations on brain aging and are consistent with postmortem data on age-related increases in brain iron. These results are relevant to the investigation of age-related neurodegenerative diseases in which iron may catalyze toxic free radical reactions. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,RES SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,MAIL CODE B-151H,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 NR 49 TC 116 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0730-725X J9 MAGN RESON IMAGING JI Magn. Reson. Imaging PY 1997 VL 15 IS 1 BP 29 EP 35 DI 10.1016/S0730-725X(96)00234-2 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WP120 UT WOS:A1997WP12000004 PM 9084022 ER PT B AU Copeland, KW Hwang, CJS AF Copeland, KW Hwang, CJS BE Khosrowpour, M TI Streamlining procurement through Electronic Commerce: An Internet approach SO MANAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES AND APPLICATIONS IN THE WORLD ECONOMY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Information-Resources-Management-Association International Conference CY 1997 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Informat Resources Management Assoc AB The Presidential memorandum, dated October 1993, and entitled "Steamlining Procurement Through Electronic Commerce" set ill motion a flurry of federal activity to meet the goals and deadlines that were entailed in the memo. By January 1997 all Federal purchases are to be made using Electronic Commerce to the maximum extent possible. This study includes an architecture that meets the goals and objectives of the President's initiative by looking to Internet technologies to accomplish the stated goals. The architecture leverages existing EDI infrastructure and allows the employing purchaser to do business with all of its trading partners electronically, whether or not the trading partner is EDI enabled. The inclusion of electronic credit card payments makes this application a financial application as well as a procurement application. The credit card inclusion elminates the need for invoicing and the requisite settlement procedures that accompany an invoicing process. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Acquisit & Mat Management, Austin, TX 78772 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING PI HERSHEY PA 1331 E CHOCOLATE AVE, HERSHEY, PA 17033-1117 USA BN 1-878289-45-4 PY 1997 BP 357 EP 363 PG 7 WC Information Science & Library Science; Management SC Information Science & Library Science; Business & Economics GA BK87T UT WOS:000073729300059 ER PT B AU Copeland, KW Hwang, CJS AF Copeland, KW Hwang, CJS BE Khosrowpour, M TI Intranets as infrastructure for federal procurement applications SO MANAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES AND APPLICATIONS IN THE WORLD ECONOMY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Information-Resources-Management-Association International Conference CY 1997 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Informat Resources Management Assoc AB With the occurrence of the the Internet explosion, all federal agencies are looking rewards the Internet for future solutions and applications. Federal procurement activities in fact, have already been mandated by the President to do Electronic Commerce to the maximum extent possible. This mandate requires the building of infrastructure to allow Web applications to be implemented and supported. The Full Service Intranet is infrastructure that allows quick employment, widespread benefits, and fast return on invested monies. This same infrastructure allows employees the opportunity to learn and practice required skills Jar building and maintaining Web applications. Bur most importantly, this infrastructure gives organizations the ability to support Web applications by giving the external applications internal use. The Full Service Intranet is necessary to accomplish the already stated objectives of the Executive Branch of the Federal Government. The Full Service Intranet is necessary to accomplish the already stated objectives of the Executive Branch of the Federal Government. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Acquisit & Mat Management, Austin, TX 78772 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING PI HERSHEY PA 1331 E CHOCOLATE AVE, HERSHEY, PA 17033-1117 USA BN 1-878289-45-4 PY 1997 BP 364 EP 368 PG 5 WC Information Science & Library Science; Management SC Information Science & Library Science; Business & Economics GA BK87T UT WOS:000073729300060 ER PT J AU Wright, MT Cummings, JL Mendez, MF Foti, DJ AF Wright, MT Cummings, JL Mendez, MF Foti, DJ TI Bipolar syndromes following brain trauma SO NEUROCASE LA English DT Article DE bipolar syndromes; traumatic brain injury; pathogenesis; differential diagnosis; treatment ID HEAD-INJURY; SECONDARY MANIA; AFFECTIVE-DISORDER; LITHIUM; LESIONS; DEPRESSION; ILLNESS; STATE AB A number of illnesses can produce mood abnormalities. Case reports suggest that syndromes resembling idiopathic bipolar disorders can follow traumatic brain injuries (TBI). We describe a TBI patient who developed episodes of depression and mania after his injuries and review the recent literature on posttraumatic bipolar syndromes. While unipolar depression is common after TBI, bipolar syndromes occur in only a small segment of the TBI population. A bipolar syndrome can appear immediately after a TBI or after a delay of months or years. Patients with post-traumatic mania are often irritable and aggressive. Factors that may predispose a TBI patient to bipolar illness include an inherited vulnerability to mood disorders, preexistent frontal subcortical and diencephalic atrophy, and post-traumatic seizures. Studies of patients who developed a bipolar syndrome after a brain insult show a preponderance of right hemisphere lesions, particularly right orbitofrontal and basotemporal cortical, caudate and thalamic lesions. Right cortical lesions can produce unipolar mania, and right subcortical lesions can produce mania and depression. Right basotemporal cortical dysfunction may play an important role in both primary and post-traumatic bipolar syndromes. Patients with post-traumatic bipolar syndromes can be treated effectively with medication or electroconvulsive therapy. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 1355-4794 J9 NEUROCASE JI Neurocase PY 1997 VL 3 IS 2 BP 111 EP 118 DI 10.1080/13554799708404044 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA XL491 UT WOS:A1997XL49100004 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Bagert, BA EdwardsLee, T AF Mendez, MF Bagert, BA EdwardsLee, T TI Self-injurious behavior in frontotemporal dementia SO NEUROCASE LA English DT Article ID COMPULSIVE BEHAVIOR; MENTAL-RETARDATION; DEGENERATION; MUTILATION; SEROTONIN; DOPAMINE; DISEASE AB Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) may be one of the most common neurodegenerative dementias with onset before age 65. Investigators have only recently characterized FTD, which encompasses Pick's disease as well as non-specific degeneration of the frontal lobes, Neuropsychiatric symptoms are the main features of FTD and include disinhibition, apathy, obsessive-compulsive behavior, and the Kluver-Bucy syndrome, We report a patient with FTD who developed prominent self-injurious behavior (SIB) consisting of persistent self-biting and hair-pulling, Stereotypical, repetitive SIB usually occurs in patients with autism or mental retardation; sie is rarely discussed in patients with dementia. This report extends the neuropsychiatric spectrum of FTD to encompass sie and discusses the potential mechanisms for SIB in these patients, The most likely contributing source for their self-injury is the development of obsessive-compulsive behaviors in the presence of coincident self-directed behaviors, Hyperorality from anterior temporal involvement and the release of primitive grooming behavior from frontal degeneration are self-directed behaviors that contribute to the specific manifestations of sie among FTD patients, The pharmacological management of SIB emphasizes drugs that work through opioid, serotonergic, or dopaminergic systems. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAV UNIV 691 116AF,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 1355-4794 J9 NEUROCASE JI Neurocase PY 1997 VL 3 IS 4 BP 231 EP 236 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA XX984 UT WOS:A1997XX98400001 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, CW Peskind, ER Raskind, MA AF Wilkinson, CW Peskind, ER Raskind, MA TI Decreased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis sensitivity to cortisol feedback inhibition in human aging SO NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adrenal steroids; corticotropin; feedback; metyrapone; aging; clinical neuroendocrinology ID DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TEST; CORTICOSTEROID RECEPTORS; ADRENOCORTICAL AXIS; BINDING GLOBULIN; RAT-BRAIN; AGE; ACTH; HYPERSECRETION; HIPPOCAMPUS; RESISTANCE AB Aging-related reduction in the sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to glucocorticoid feedback inhibition has been demonstrated in rodents, but aging effects on glucocorticoid feedback inhibition in humans are unclear. This study assessed the influence of aging on the sensitivity of the human HPA axis to feedback inhibition induced by cortisol. Endogenous cortisol feedback inhibition was removed by treatment with metyrapone, which reduces cortisol synthesis by inhibiting 11 beta-hydroxylase. Feedback inhibition was then reintroduced by infusing exogenous cortisol. Sixteen young (26 +/- 1 years old) and 16 older (70 +/- 2 years old) subjects underwent three study conditions in random order. In the two cortisol infusion conditions, oral metyrapone treatment was followed by intravenous infusion of 0.03 mg/kg/h (83 nmol/kg/h) or 0.06 mg/kg/h (166 nmol/kg/h) cortisol for 150 min. Feedback sensitivity was estimated by the latency to and extent of decline of plasma ACTH concentration during and following the cortisol infusion. In a placebo condition, placebo tablets were substituted for metyrapone and normal saline infusion was substituted for cortisol. Blood samples were drawn twice prior to and at 15-min intervals for 4 h following the onset of the infusions, and plasma was assayed for 11-deoxycortisol, cortisol and ACTH. Plasma cortisol suppression and ACTH and 11-deoxycortisol elevations did not differ between age groups after metyrapone. Older subjects exhibited delayed and blunted ACTH responses to infused cortisol. Within older subjects, the ACTH response to the higher dose cortisol infusion was blunted in older women compared to older men. These data provide direct evidence for reduced responsiveness to glucocorticoid feedback inhibition in human aging. C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,SEATTLE,WA 98108. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98195. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG08419] NR 36 TC 119 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 6 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0028-3835 J9 NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY JI Neuroendocrinology PD JAN PY 1997 VL 65 IS 1 BP 79 EP 90 DI 10.1159/000127167 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA WE621 UT WOS:A1997WE62100010 PM 9032777 ER PT J AU Fouad, G Dalakas, M Servidei, S Mendell, JR VandenBergh, P Angelini, C Alderson, K Griggs, RC Tawil, R Gregg, R Hogan, K Powers, PA Weinberg, N Malonee, W Ptacek, LJ AF Fouad, G Dalakas, M Servidei, S Mendell, JR VandenBergh, P Angelini, C Alderson, K Griggs, RC Tawil, R Gregg, R Hogan, K Powers, PA Weinberg, N Malonee, W Ptacek, LJ TI Genotype-phenotype correlations of DHP receptor alpha(1)-subunit gene mutations causing hypokalemic periodic paralysis SO NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE hypokalemic periodic paralysis; muscle weakness; mutation ID PARAMYOTONIA-CONGENITA; CALCIUM; FAMILIES; HYPOPP AB Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoKPP) is an autosomal dominant or sporadic disorder characterized by periodic, reversible attacks of muscle weakness. Mutations in the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor alpha(1)-subunit that functions as a calcium channel (CACNLIA3) cause hypoKPP. We studied a group of 45 hypoKPP probands and demonstrated mutations in 30 of them. When compared with patients in whom CACNL1A3 mutations were not identified, those with mutations had an earlier age of onset and more often had a family history of hypoKPP. To date, three mutations have been identified. The R1239G mutation has only been found in one family. Of the 30 probands with recognized mutations, R528H accounted for 43% and R1239H was seen in 53%. Age of onset and potassium levels during attacks were lower in patients with the R1239H mutation than those with R528H. Cardiac dysrhythmias co-segregated with hypoKPP in one small kindred with the R528 H mutation. No mutations were identified in exons of the gene encoding the S4 segments of domains one and three or the cytoplasmic loop between domains two and three. In addition to the 45 hypoKPP probands, an additional 11 probands with clinical variants of hypoKPP (three thyrotoxic hypoKPP and eight Andersen syndrome patients) were examined for CACNLIA3 mutations and none were found. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV UTAH,DEPT NEUROL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV UTAH,DEPT HUMAN GENET,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV UTAH,PROGRAM HUMAN MOL BIOL & GENET,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. NINCDS,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV CATTOLICA SACRO CUORE,FAC MED & CHIRURG AGOSTINO GEMELLI,ROME,ITALY. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT NEUROL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV BRUSSELS,CLIN ST LUC,SERV NEUROL,BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV PADUA,PADUA,ITALY. NEUROMUSCULAR ASSOCIATES INC,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,NEUROMUSCULAR DIS CTR,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. UNIV WISCONSIN,WAISMAN CTR MENTAL RETARDAT & HUMAN DEV,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. PEDIAT HLTH CARE ASSOCIATES,YPSILANTI,MI 48197. HUTCHINSON CLIN,HUTCHINSON,KS. OI Angelini, Corrado/0000-0002-9554-8794 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00064]; NHGRI NIH HHS [8 R01 HG00367]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD00940]; Telethon [0916C] NR 20 TC 69 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-8966 J9 NEUROMUSCULAR DISORD JI Neuromusc. Disord. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 7 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/S0960-8966(96)00401-4 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WN036 UT WOS:A1997WN03600006 PM 9132138 ER PT J AU Hodgson, DM Chiappelli, F Morrow, NS Taylor, AN AF Hodgson, DM Chiappelli, F Morrow, NS Taylor, AN TI Chronic dietary restriction influences tumor metastasis in the rat: Parametric considerations SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INDUCED MAMMARY TUMORIGENESIS; KILLER-CELL-ACTIVITY; CALORIC RESTRICTION; FOOD RESTRICTION; GROWTH-FACTOR; ENERGY RESTRICTION; INDUCED INHIBITION; PROMOTION PHASE; STRESS; GLUCOCORTICOIDS AB Chronic dietary restriction is a well-documented means of inhibiting tumor growth. This study examines the effects of chronic dietary restriction on tumor metastasis in the rat. We investigate the effect of 1) the degree of food restriction, 2) the effect of preexposure to food restriction, and 3) the duration of food restriction after tumor inoculation on tumor metastasis. We also compare two methods of dietary restriction: 1) the time that food is available and 2) the amount of food available. Our findings demonstrate that rats restricted to 50% of an ad libitum diet Sor one week before inoculation with MADB106 tumor cells and for three weeks after inoculation exhibit a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in lung colonization compared with animals fed ad libitum. Animals restricted to access to food for 4 hrs/day (60% of ad libitum) for the same period of time exhibit significantly (p < 0.005) greater lung tumor colonization than animals fed nd libitum. Preadaptation to the feeding regimen for one week before tumor inoculation proved to be critical in inhibiting tumor metastasis. The tumor-inhibitory effect was not significantly influenced by the duration of restriction after inoculation or by the manner in which food restriction was implemented. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibition of tumor colonization may be mediated by enhanced natural killer cell activity in the early postinoculation period. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH DENT, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, RES SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Hodgson, DM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT NEUROBIOL, SCH MED, FRANZ HALL RM 1282A, 405 HILGARD AVE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. RI Hodgson, Deborah/C-1950-2008 OI Hodgson, Deborah/0000-0002-1522-0212 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; PHS HHS [4-784612-34323] NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 1997 VL 28 IS 2 BP 189 EP 198 PG 10 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA XU423 UT WOS:A1997XU42300013 PM 9290127 ER PT S AU Chobanian, MC Fahien, L Brazy, PC AF Chobanian, MC Fahien, L Brazy, PC BE ODonovan, DJ Endou, H Schoolwerth, AC Tizianello, A Walls, J TI Metabolic requirement for inorganic phosphate by renal proximal tubules: Influence upon L-glutamine metabolism SO NUTRITIONAL AND ACID-BASE ASPECTS OF AMINO ACID METABOLISM SE CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Ammoniagenesis Workshop CY MAY 20-23, 1996 CL GALWAY, IRELAND SP Gambro Ltd, Shire Pharm Ltd, Janssen Cilag Ltd, Pfizer Corp, Univ Kyorin, Sch Med, Tokyo, Bord Failte, Conf Bur Ireland, Univ Coll, Galway ID SODIUM-TRANSPORT; RABBIT; GLUCONEOGENESIS; AMMONIAGENESIS; STIMULATION; MECHANISMS; DEPLETION; CRABTREE; CORTEX; RAT C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Chobanian, MC (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,ROOM 3590 MSC,1300 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-5144 BN 3-8055-6490-2 J9 CONTRIB NEPHROL JI Contrib.Nephrol. PY 1997 VL 121 BP 85 EP 92 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA BJ75M UT WOS:A1997BJ75M00013 PM 9336702 ER PT J AU Pang, XP Hershman, JM Karsan, A AF Pang, XP Hershman, JM Karsan, A TI TNF-alpha induction of A1 expression in human cancer cells SO ONCOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE TNF-alpha; A1; MnSOD; cancer cells ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MANGANOUS SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; THYROID-CARCINOMA CELLS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; ANTITUMOR ACTIONS; FACTOR RECEPTOR; KAPPA-B; BCL-2; DEATH AB Al, a member of the Bcl-2 gene family, was originally identified as a hemopoietic-specific early response gene. Later it was found that Al was overexpressed in human stomach cancer tissues and was induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in human vascular endothelial cells. However, its expression in human cancer cells has not been well characterized. In the present study, we examined the expression of Al, as well as the antioxidant manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), in four human thyroid carcinoma cell lines, two human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, and two human prostate carcinoma cell lines. Al mRNA was expressed in all four thyroid carcinoma cell lines. TNF-alpha induced Al in a time-and dose-dependent manner. In contrast, Al mRNA was not detectable in the pancreatic and prostate carcinoma cell lines in the presence or absence of TNF-alpha. However, TNF-alpha induced manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA in all the cell lines tested. Furthermore, an agonist antibody to the p55 TNF-alpha receptor induced Al, but the agonist antibody against p75 TNF-alpha receptor did not have this effect. The results indicate that Al is expressed in human thyroid carcinoma cells and TNF-alpha induces Al through the p55 TNF-alpha receptor-mediated pathway. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Thyroid Canc Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. St Pauls Hosp, UBC, McDonald Res Labs, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada. RP Pang, XP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Thyroid Canc Res Lab, Bldg 114,Room 200,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM xpang@ucla.edu RI Karsan, Aly/K-2067-2015 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 61863] NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU COGNIZANT COMMUNICATION CORP PI ELMSFORD PA 3 HARTSDALE ROAD, ELMSFORD, NY 10523-3701 USA SN 0965-0407 J9 ONCOL RES JI Oncol. Res. PY 1997 VL 9 IS 11-12 BP 623 EP 627 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZF081 UT WOS:000072860700008 PM 9563010 ER PT J AU Kiraly, A Suto, G Guth, P Tache, Y AF Kiraly, A Suto, G Guth, P Tache, Y TI Influence of [4Cl-D-Phe(6),Leu(17)]VIP on VIP- and central TRH-induced gastric hyperemia SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE VIP; VIP antagonist; TRH analog; RX 77368; gastric mucosal blood flow; blood pressure; vagus; gastric vascular resistance ID VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE; MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW; THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; HYDROGEN GAS CLEARANCE; VAGAL-STIMULATION; RAT; POLYPEPTIDE; ANTAGONIST; SECRETION; RECEPTOR AB The specific VIP receptor antagonist, [4Cl-D-Phe(6),Leu(17)]VIP, infused iv blocked close-intra-arterial infusion of VIP-induced increase in gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF, measured by the hydrogen gas clearance), and decrease in mean arterial blood pressure while nor influencing basal levels in urethane-anesthetized rats. The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stable analog, RX 77368, injected intracisternally (IC, 30 ng) increased GMBF and blood pressure. The VIP antagonist did not significantly reduce the GMBF response to IC RX 77368 while enhancing the rise in blood pressure. These findings indicate that [4Cl-D-Phe(6),Leu(17)]VIP is an antagonist for exogenous VIP induced gastric hyperemia and hypotension and that VIP modulates the systemic blood pressure response to IC RX 77368 at 30 ng while not playing a primary role in the increase of GMBF. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-30110, DK-41301]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PY 1997 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1321 EP 1325 DI 10.1016/S0196-9781(97)00208-8 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA YF798 UT WOS:A1997YF79800006 PM 9392832 ER PT S AU VanSickle, DP Cooper, RA Gonzalez, J Boninger, ML AF VanSickle, DP Cooper, RA Gonzalez, J Boninger, ML GP IEEE IEEE TI SMART(HUB) and SMART(CASTOR): Force and moment sensing wheelchair wheels SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY, VOL 19, PTS 1-6: MAGNIFICENT MILESTONES AND EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDICAL ENGINEERING SE PROCEEDINGS OF ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society CY OCT 30-NOV 02, 1997 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE Engn Med & Biol Soc, Natl Inst Hlth AB The SMART(HUB) and SMART(CASTOR) are two new strain-gage based sensors designed to measure the reaction forces and moments at the rear axle and castor spindle, respectively, Both are five degree-of-freedom sensors, which measure all three force components and the two moment components perpendicular to the axes of rotation. These sensors will be used to improve wheelchair designs by allowing advanced engineering techniques such as finite element analysis to be applied with greater confidence. Both sensors are highly linear. When calibrated the lowest correlation coefficient was 0.9965 (N=21) and the cross-axes sensitivity was always less than 5 %. Preliminary data are presented for two wheelchair users propelling over an indoor course and a non-wheelchair user traversing an outdoor course. The indoor data was transferred from a microcontroller-based signal conditioning board to a host PC through a high-speed serial port. For the outdoor data, the microcontroller was programmed to sample the data and to generate a histogram of force and moment frequencies, which was subsequently downloaded. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP VanSickle, DP (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1094-687X BN 0-7803-4262-3 J9 P ANN INT IEEE EMBS PY 1997 VL 19 BP 1871 EP 1874 PN 1-6 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA BM91F UT WOS:000080103400534 ER PT J AU Mitchen, J Oberley, T Wilding, G AF Mitchen, J Oberley, T Wilding, G TI Extended culturing of androgen-responsive human primary epithelial prostate cell isolates by continuous treatment with interstitial collagenase SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostate; epithelial; collagenase; collagen; androgen ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; SERUM-FREE; RECEPTOR; LINES; TISSUE; LOCALIZATION; CARCINOMAS; EXPRESSION; BENIGN AB Continuous culturing of two distinct human prostate specimens in the presence of interstitial collagenase added directly to conventional medium resulted in the isolation and extended growth of primary epithelial prostate cell (PEPC) cultures from each. Both continued to proliferate substantially beyond the average time determined for analogous untreated epithelial prostate isolates. Both repeatedly stain positive for keratin and are characteristically epithelial in morphological appearance and growth model. Both express androgen receptor mRNA and stain positive for androgen receptors. PEPC-2 displays an androgen dose-dependent stimulation of cell proliferation, as well as specifically binding H-3-R1881. PEPC-1 exhibits a hypotetraploid karyotype with loss of the Y chromosome. PEPC-2 conserves a normal human ploidy, including the Y chromosome, although there is extensive random chromosome loss. Elimination of the collagenase from the medium resulted in decreased cellular proliferation and accumulation of stainable collagen in both PEPC cultures. Neither PEPC isolate produced tumors in male nude mice, whether injected alone, mixed with matrigel, or combined with prostate or bone fibroblastic cells. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN CANC,DEPT MED,CTR COMPREHENS CANC,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM HOSP,MADISON,WI 53792. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 50590] NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD JAN 1 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 1 BP 7 EP 19 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0045(19970101)30:1<7::AID-PROS2>3.0.CO;2-N PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA WE951 UT WOS:A1997WE95100002 PM 9018330 ER PT J AU Dhopesh, V Macfadden, A Maany, I Gamble, G AF Dhopesh, V Macfadden, A Maany, I Gamble, G TI Absence of parkinsonism among patients in long term neuroleptic therapy who abuse cocaine SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the Institute-on-Psychiatric-Services CY OCT 06-10, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Inst Psychiat Serv ID DOPAMINE AB The study used the United Parkinson's Disease Scale to compare parkinsonian signs and symptoms among 19 patients in long-term neuroleptic therapy who had a history of cocaine abuse with those among 24 similar patients with no history of cocaine use. There was no significant difference between the two groups' scores. The results suggest that chronic cocaine abuse is not a risk factor for parkinsonism among subjects in long-term neuroleptic therapy. RP Dhopesh, V (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 48 IS 1 BP 95 EP 97 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA WA706 UT WOS:A1997WA70600018 PM 9117510 ER PT J AU Silva, JA AF Silva, JA TI Disability payments and drug abuse (vol 47, pg 1266, 1996) SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Correction, Addition RP Silva, JA (reprint author), S TEXAS VET HEALTHCARE SYST,PSYCHIAT SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD JAN PY 1997 VL 48 IS 1 BP 99 EP 99 PG 1 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA WA706 UT WOS:A1997WA70600020 ER PT S AU Kellner, M Baker, DG Yehuda, R AF Kellner, M Baker, DG Yehuda, R BE Yehuda, R McFarlane, AC TI Salivary cortisol and PTSD symptoms in Persian Gulf War combatants SO PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder CY SEP 07-10, 1996 CL NEW YORK, NY SP New York Acad Sci ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER C1 MT SINAI SCH MED, BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT PSYCHIAT, BRONX, NY 10468 USA. UNIV CINCINNATI, MED CTR, DEPT PSYCHIAT, CINCINNATI, OH 45220 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CINCINNATI, OH 45220 USA. NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-079-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1997 VL 821 BP 442 EP 443 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48300.x PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Psychiatry GA BJ18D UT WOS:A1997BJ18D00037 PM 9238225 ER PT S AU Jensen, CF Keller, TW Peskind, ER McFall, ME Veith, RC Martin, D Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA AF Jensen, CF Keller, TW Peskind, ER McFall, ME Veith, RC Martin, D Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA BE Yehuda, R McFarlane, AC TI Behavioral and plasma cortisol responses to sodium lactate infusion in posttraumatic stress disorder SO PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder CY SEP 07-10, 1996 CL NEW YORK, NY SP New York Acad Sci C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST, PSYCHIAT SERV, SEATTLE, WA 98108 USA. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, SEATTLE, WA 98108 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI, SEATTLE, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136] NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-079-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1997 VL 821 BP 444 EP 448 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48301.x PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Psychiatry GA BJ18D UT WOS:A1997BJ18D00038 PM 9238226 ER PT S AU Garrick, T Morrow, N Eth, S Marciano, D Shalev, A AF Garrick, T Morrow, N Eth, S Marciano, D Shalev, A BE Yehuda, R McFarlane, AC TI Psychophysiologic parameters of traumatic stress disorder in rats SO PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Psychobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder CY SEP 07-10, 1996 CL NEW YORK, NY SP New York Acad Sci ID RESPONSES C1 ST VINCENTS HOSP, NEW YORK, NY USA. HADASSAH UNIV HOSP, IL-91120 JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. RP Garrick, T (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-079-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1997 VL 821 BP 533 EP 537 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48323.x PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Psychiatry GA BJ18D UT WOS:A1997BJ18D00060 PM 9238246 ER PT J AU King, AC Volpicelli, JR Frazer, A OBrien, CP AF King, AC Volpicelli, JR Frazer, A OBrien, CP TI Effect of naltrexone on subjective alcohol response in subjects at high and low risk for future alcohol dependence SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE naltrexone; alcohol; genetics; social drinkers; family history of alcoholism; Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale ID CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE; BETA-ENDORPHIN; ETHANOL; RATS; NALOXONE; EFFICACY; INTOXICATION; SENSITIVITY; VALIDATION; PREDICTOR AB We investigated specific subjective effects of naltrexone pretreatment or placebo during various intervals on the breath alcohol level (BAL) curve in nonalcoholic volunteers. Fifteen high-risk (social drinkers with an alcoholic father) and 14 low-risk (no alcoholic relatives in at least two generations) subjects were tested in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of 50 mg oral naltrexone on response to a moderate dose of alcohol. Dependent measures included subjective stimulation and sedation subscales from the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale (BAES) and mood subscales from the Profile of Mood States (POMS). At rising BALs, high-risk subjects showed a naltrexone-related attenuation of BAES stimulation. This effect was not evident in low-risk subjects, who directionally showed the opposite effect, although nonsignificant. For both groups, there were no significant naltrexone-related effects for BAES sedation; however, naltrexone did affect several POMS scales on alcohol response, such as decreased vigor, and increased fatigue, tension, and confusion. Confusion was significantly elevated for the high-risk group during rising BALs of the naltrexone session. The results suggest a differential response to naltrexone, based on paternal history of alcoholism and level of stimulation experienced during alcohol drinking. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,TREATMENT RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP King, AC (reprint author), ROCKEFELLER UNIV,LAB BIOL ADDICT DIS,1230 YORK AVE,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R0I-AA0 7517]; NIDA NIH HHS [P50-DA05186]; PHS HHS [T32- 0A 7241] NR 46 TC 177 Z9 179 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD JAN PY 1997 VL 129 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1007/s002130050156 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA WE139 UT WOS:A1997WE13900002 PM 9122358 ER PT J AU Cook, IA Leuchter, AF Uijtdehaage, SHJ Osato, S Holschneider, DH Abrams, M RosenbergThompson, S AF Cook, IA Leuchter, AF Uijtdehaage, SHJ Osato, S Holschneider, DH Abrams, M RosenbergThompson, S TI Altered cerebral energy utilization in late life depression SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,NEUROPSYCHIAT INST & HOSP,QUANTITAT EEG LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1997 VL 33 IS 3 BP 508 EP 508 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA XZ328 UT WOS:A1997XZ32800056 ER PT J AU Leuchter, AF Cook, IA Uijtdehaage, SHJ Dunkin, JJ AndersonHanley, C Abrams, M RosenbergThompson, S AF Leuchter, AF Cook, IA Uijtdehaage, SHJ Dunkin, JJ AndersonHanley, C Abrams, M RosenbergThompson, S TI Neurophysiologic prediction of antidepressant treatment response SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,NEUROPSYCHIAT INST & HOSP,QUANTITAT EEG LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MEDICAT DEV RES UNIT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1997 VL 33 IS 3 BP 548 EP 548 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA XZ328 UT WOS:A1997XZ32800096 ER PT J AU Ackerman, DL Greenland, S Bystritsky, A Small, GW AF Ackerman, DL Greenland, S Bystritsky, A Small, GW TI Characteristics of fluoxetine versus placebo responders in a randomized trial of geriatric depression SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Meeting of the National-Center-for-Drug-Evaluation CY MAY 27-30, 1997 CL BOCA RATON, FLORIDA SP Natl Ctr Drug Eval Unit, NIMH DE geriatric psychiatry; depression; treatment outcome; prediction; placebos ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; DOUBLE-BLIND; PREDICTORS; DISORDER; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; METAANALYSIS; EFFICACY; FEATURES; DOXEPIN; IMPACT AB Results from placebo-controlled trials of antidepressants can be used to identify patients most likely to benefit from medication. Using data from a randomized clinical trial of fluoxetine versus placebo for 671 elderly outpatients with major depression, we evaluated characteristics of those who improved with and without active medication. We found that the choice of outcome measure made a difference when evaluating the effectiveness of fluoxetine relative to placebo and determining the accuracy of predictive variables in both treatment groups. Generally, less severe depression predicted favorable response (greater than 50% improvement on the 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAM-D-21], less than 3 on the Clinical Global Impressions [CGI] and Patient Global Impressions [PGI] Improvement scales) and remission (less than 9 on 6-week HAM-D-21) with both fluoxetine and placebo. Less anxiety/somatization was associated with favorable fluoxetine response, and lower levels of cognitive and sleep disturbance were associated with remission in the placebo group. By contrast, higher levels of psychomotor retardation in the placebo group were associated with clinician and patient ratings of much or very much improved. The similarities among responders in both groups may indicate that some in the fluoxetine group would have improved with placebo. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Aging, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Ackerman, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-53935] NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1997 VL 33 IS 4 BP 707 EP 714 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA YZ164 UT WOS:000072226700014 PM 9493483 ER PT J AU Saba, L Mayer, EA Naliboff, B AF Saba, L Mayer, EA Naliboff, B TI Cross-cultural comparisons of the SCL-90-R among Asian, African-American, Hispanic and White males and females with irritable bowel syndrome SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 59 IS 1 BP 99 EP 99 PG 1 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA WF121 UT WOS:A1997WF12100110 ER PT J AU Munakata, J Naliboff, B Gracely, RH Chang, L Mayer, EA AF Munakata, J Naliboff, B Gracely, RH Chang, L Mayer, EA TI Selective affective bias for visceral sensation in the irritable bowel syndrome SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHOL,CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 1997 VL 59 IS 1 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA WF121 UT WOS:A1997WF12100132 ER PT J AU Wilkins, JN AF Wilkins, JN TI Pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia patients with comorbid substance abuse SO SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PSYCHIATRIC-PATIENTS; TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; COCAINE USE; FLUPENTIXOL DECANOATE; CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS; OUTPATIENT TREATMENT; ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; REVOLVING-DOOR AB Substance abuse worsens the course of schizophrenia and significantly impairs the relationship between the patient and the health care team, Recent advances in laboratory studies of substance abuse and the pharmacology of schizophrenia open up new possibilities for pharmacotherapy of substance abuse in schizophrenia patients, D-1 dopaminergic receptor agonists may directly block the drive for stimulant use, D-2 dopaminergic receptor antagonists may indirectly block the drive for stimulant and nicotine use,while opioid antagonists appear to reduce the drive to use alcohol, New generations of neuroleptics with serotonin (5-HT2) receptor antagonism and/or 5-HT1A agonist activity may reduce substance abuse in schizophrenia patients who self-medicate negative symptoms or neuroleptic side effects, Pharmacotherapy efficacy may be enhanced by adding contingency management, social skills training, and other manualized programs, Tables are provided of potentially useful medications, Preliminary results are presented of cocaine-abusing schizophrenia patients treated with desipramine and traditional neuroleptics. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,COMPREHENS HOMELESS PROGRAMS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Wilkins, JN (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR MEDICAT DEV UNIT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA-06551] NR 97 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 4 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0586-7614 J9 SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL JI Schizophr. Bull. PY 1997 VL 23 IS 2 BP 215 EP 228 PG 14 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA WZ989 UT WOS:A1997WZ98900008 PM 9165632 ER PT J AU Badr, MS Morgan, BJ Finn, L Toiber, FS Crabtree, DC Puleo, DS Skatrud, JB AF Badr, MS Morgan, BJ Finn, L Toiber, FS Crabtree, DC Puleo, DS Skatrud, JB TI Ventilatory response to induced auditory arousals during NREM sleep SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE arousal; sleep discontinuity; NREM sleep ID MUSCLE-ACTIVITY; HUMANS; APNEA; HYPERVENTILATION; AFTERDISCHARGE; STATE AB Sleep state instability is a potential mechanism of central apnea/hypopnea during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. To investigate this postulate, we induced brief arousals by delivering transient (0.5 second) auditory stimuli during stable NREM sleep in eight normal subjects. Arousal was determined according to American Sleep Disorders Association (ASDA) criteria. A total of 96 trials were conducted; 59 resulted in cortical arousal and 37 did not result in arousal. In trials associated with arousal, minute ventilation ((V) over dot(E)) increased from 5.1 +/- 1.24 minutes to 7.5 +/- 2.24 minutes on the first posttone breath (p = 0.001). However, no subsequent hypopnea or apnea occurred as (V) over dot(E) decreased gradually to 4.8 +/- 1.5 1/minute (p > 0.05) on the fifth posttone breath. Trials without arousal did not result in hyperpnea on the first breath nor subsequent hypopnea. We conclude that 1) auditory stimulation resulted in transient hyperpnea only if associated with cortical arousal; 2) hypopnea or apnea did not occur following arousal-induced hyperpnea in normal subjects; 3) interaction with fluctuating chemical stimuli or upper airway resistance may be required for arousals to cause sleep-disordered breathing. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,DEPT MED,MED SERV,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,DEPT KINESIOL,MED SERV,MADISON,WI. NR 24 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SLEEP DISORDERS ASSOC PI ROCHESTER PA 1610 14TH STREET NW SUITE 300, ROCHESTER, MN 55806 SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 1997 VL 20 IS 9 BP 707 EP 714 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA YH471 UT WOS:A1997YH47100004 PM 9406322 ER PT J AU Taha, BH Morrell, MJ Wekheiser, M Badr, MS AF Taha, BH Morrell, MJ Wekheiser, M Badr, MS TI Simultaneous digitization of upper airway fiber-optic images and respiratory signals SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE sleep apnea; upper airway; imaging ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; PHARYNGEAL SIZE; SNORERS; VOLUME; AREA AB We developed an inexpensive and efficient method for simultaneously digitizing respiratory signals and fiber-optic images of the upper airway. The main components of the system are a fiber-optic scope, a charge coupled device video camera, and a personal computer equipped with a frame grabber and an A/D board. The frame grabber digitizes images at five frames per second while the A/D board samples six respiratory signals at 25 samples per second. Digitized images are saved only in the event that the user instructs the computer to do so in order to limit disk space requirements. A circular buffering technique provides continuous storage of the most recent 50 frames in frame grabber memory. This feature gives the user up to 10 seconds, following the beginning of a respiratory event, to initiate the saving of images to computer hard disk. A postacquisition program displays the data acquired during the sleep study and allows the user to interactively select images for subsequent upper airway area measurement. This system enables us to observe and quantify the dynamics of the upper airway during different breathing conditions with minimal time and cost. It is also a potential clinical tool to use to determine the site of obstruction during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SLEEP DISORDERS ASSOC PI ROCHESTER PA 1610 14TH STREET NW SUITE 300, ROCHESTER, MN 55806 SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 1997 VL 20 IS 10 BP 883 EP 890 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA YL207 UT WOS:A1997YL20700009 PM 9415949 ER PT J AU Taha, BH Dempsey, JA Weber, SM Badr, MS Skatrud, JB Young, TB Jacques, AJ Seow, KC AF Taha, BH Dempsey, JA Weber, SM Badr, MS Skatrud, JB Young, TB Jacques, AJ Seow, KC TI Automated detection and classification of sleep-disordered breathing from conventional polysomnography data SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE sleep-disordered breathing; polysomnography; computerized detection ID RESPIRATORY INDUCTIVE PLETHYSMOGRAPH; OXYGEN-SATURATION; HYPOPNEA SYNDROME; OXIMETRY; QUANTIFICATION; ACCURACY; EVENTS; APNEA AB Efficient automated detection of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) rom routine polysomnography (PSG) data is made difficult by the availability of only indirect measurements of breathing. The approach we used to overcome this limitation was to incorporate pulse oximetry into the definitions of apnea and hypopnea. In our algorithm, 1) we begin with the detection of desaturation as a fall in oxyhemoglobin saturation level of 2% or greater once a rate of descent greater than 0.1% per second (but less than 4% per second) has been achieved and then ask if an apnea or hypopnea nias responsible; 2) an apnea is detected if there is a period of no breathing, as indicated by sum respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP), lasting at least 10 seconds and coincident with the desaturation event; and 3) if there is breathing, a hypopnea is defined as a minimum of three breaths showing at least 20% reduction in sum RIP magnitude from the immediately preceding breath followed by a return to at least 90% of that "baseline" breath. Our evaluation of this algorithm using 10 PSG records containing 1,938 SDB events showed strong event-by-event agreement with manual scoring by an experienced polysomnographer. On the basis of manually verified computer desaturations, detection sensitivity and specificity percentages were, respectively, 73.6 and 90.8% for apneas and 84.1 and 86.1% for hypopneas. Overall, 93.1% of the manually detected events were detected by the algorithm. We have designed an efficient algorithm for detecting and classifying SDB events that emulates manual scoring with high accuracy. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Dempsey, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Prevent Med, 504 N Walnut St, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01-HL 42242] NR 20 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SLEEP DISORDERS ASSOC PI ROCHESTER PA 1610 14TH STREET NW SUITE 300, ROCHESTER, MN 55806 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 1997 VL 20 IS 11 BP 991 EP 1001 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA YQ167 UT WOS:000071355600008 PM 9456464 ER PT J AU Francoeur, RB Copley, CK Miller, PJ AF Francoeur, RB Copley, CK Miller, PJ TI The challenge to meet the mental health and biopsychosocial needs of the poor: Expanded roles for hospital social workers in a changing healthcare environment SO SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article ID PSYCHIATRIC-PATIENTS; CASE-MANAGEMENT; CARE; SYSTEM; POVERTY; ILLNESS; POLICY; SERVICES AB Despite the absence of coordinated federal health care reform, social workers in hospital settings have opportunities to identify, develop, advocate for, and facilitate access to innovative health care services, resulting in improved capacity to meet the mental health and biopsychosocial needs of the poor and, potentially, reduced hospital costs over time. There are opportunities for expanded roles for social workers in forging better linkages between hospital services and the community developing an integrated biopsychosocial healthcare delivery system within hospitals and primary care settings, utilizing information systems as tools in an integrated system, and advocating for a client-centered approach to mental health services. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,SCH SOCIAL WORK,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SACRED HEART MED CTR,EUGENE,OR 97440. PORTLAND STATE UNIV,GRAD SCH SOCIAL WORK,PORTLAND,OR 97207. RP Francoeur, RB (reprint author), VA PITTSBURGH HLTH CARE SYST,UNIV DR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15240, USA. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 5 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 SN 0098-1389 J9 SOC WORK HEALTH CARE JI Soc. Work Health Care PY 1997 VL 26 IS 2 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1300/J010v26n02_01 PG 13 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA YL256 UT WOS:A1997YL25600001 PM 9433737 ER PT J AU Ogawa, M Yonemura, Y Ku, H AF Ogawa, M Yonemura, Y Ku, H TI In vitro expansion of hematopoietic stem cells SO STEM CELLS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Hematopoietic Stem Cells CY 1996 CL HOHENZOLLERN CASTLE, MOUNT ZOLLERN, GERMANY SP AMGEN HO HOHENZOLLERN CASTLE DE stem cells; hematopoiesis; interleukins; growth factors ID MURINE MARROW-CELLS; EX-VIVO EXPANSION; BLOOD CD34+ CELLS; PROGENITOR CELLS; EXVIVO EXPANSION; GROWTH-FACTORS; BONE-MARROW; KIT-LIGAND; RECONSTITUTION; CULTURE AB We have investigated the effects of interleukin 3 (IL-3) and IL-1 on in vitro expansion of murine hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells using a highly purified progenitor population. Lineage negative, Ly-6A/E+, c-kit(+) bone marrow cells from male mice were cultured in suspension in the presence of stem cell factor, IL-6, IL-11 and erythropoietin with or without IL-3 or IL-1. An exponential increase in total nucleated cell counts and about a 10-fold enhancement of nucleated cells by IL-3 were observed during the initial 10 days. Addition of IL-3 hastened the development but significantly suppressed the peak production of colony-forming cells. Addition of IL-1 also significantly suppressed the numbers of progenitors. We then tested the reconstituting ability of the cultured cells by transplanting cells together with ''compromised'' marrow cells into lethally irradiated mice. The cells expanded from enriched cells in the absence of IL-3 or IL-1 revealed engraftment at two, six and 10 months, while addition of IL-3 or IL-1 to the cultures significantly reduced the reconstituting ability. IL-3 and IL-1 may have negative modulatory effects on the self-renewal of stem cells. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT MED, RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294, DK/HL48714] NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5099 EI 1549-4918 J9 STEM CELLS JI Stem Cells PY 1997 VL 15 SU 2 BP 7 EP 11 PG 5 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Hematology SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Hematology GA YF081 UT WOS:A1997YF08100004 PM 9368319 ER PT J AU Deutsch, JC AF Deutsch, JC TI Gas chromatographic mass spectrometric measurement of ascorbic acid and analysis of ascorbic acid degradation in solution SO VITAMINS AND COENZYMES, PT I SE METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV HEMATOL,DENVER,CO 80220. DENVER VA HOSP,DENVER,CO 80220. RP Deutsch, JC (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80220, USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1997 VL 279 BP 13 EP 24 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BJ25G UT WOS:A1997BJ25G00002 PM 9211252 ER PT J AU Newmark, A AF Newmark, A TI Artemether in severe malaria SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Newmark, A (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 19 PY 1996 VL 335 IS 25 BP 1923 EP 1923 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VX874 UT WOS:A1996VX87400020 PM 8965912 ER PT J AU Iqbal, J Hudson, AP AF Iqbal, J Hudson, AP TI An in vitro transcription assay for yeast mitochondria using organellar lysates SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INVITRO TRANSCRIPTION; STRINGENT RESPONSE; RNA-POLYMERASE; SIGMA-FACTORS; DNA AB The nuclear gene NUC1 encodes the major mitochondrial (mt) ribonuclease in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We describe an in vitro mt transcription assay system based on lysates of purified mitochondria from a petite (rho(-), mt deletion mutant) yeast strain in which NUC1 has been insertionally inactivated. Control in vitro run-on transcription assays using intact mitochondria demonstrate that the rate of incorporation of labeled precursor into mt RNA is identical in organelles from the nuc1 rho(-) mutant and its otherwise isochromosomal NUC1 parent strain. Brij-35 lysates of mitochondria from the nuc1 strain incorporate precursor into mt RNA at nearly the same rate as do intact organelles hom that strain, while similar mt lysates from NUC1 cells show no such incorporation. Other control studies show that mt lysates from the nucl strain retain functional mt cAMP-dependent protein kinase and other critical activities. When the cloned template DNA encoding the yeast mt 21S rRNA gene, which is not retained in the nuc1 rho(-) strain, is added to mt lysates from that strain, transcripts are produced from the template under standard assay conditions. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. ALLEGHENY UNIV HLTH SCI,MCP HAHNEMANN SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 243 IS 2 BP 270 EP 276 DI 10.1006/abio.1996.0516 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA WA791 UT WOS:A1996WA79100010 PM 8954560 ER PT J AU Cohen, SA AF Cohen, SA TI Immunocytochemical localization of rH1 sodium channel in adult rat heart atria and ventricle - Presence in terminal intercalated disks SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE sodium channels; ion channels; immunohistochemistry; intercalated disk; conduction ID LONG QT SYNDROME; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; NA+ CHANNEL; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; CARDIAC-ARRHYTHMIA; PROTEIN; ANTIBODIES AB Background Of the five sodium channel subtypes expressed in cardiac tissues, the rat (rH1) and human (hH1) isoforms are thought to be the predominant subtypes on the basis of heterologous expression studies. In this study, subtype-specific antibodies and immunocytochemistry were used to confirm protein expression and to localize rH1 protein in cardiac tissues. Methods and Results Subtype-specific antibodies immunolabeled adult rat heart tissue in a manner identical to that obtained with subtype-nonselective antibodies. All antibodies specifically bound to the surface and t-tubular systems of atrial and ventricular muscle cells. Cytoplasmic labeling, reflecting nascent sodium channels or cytoplasmic stores of sodium channel protein, was apparent. Most notably, all antibodies also specifically labeled the subset of intercalated disks located at the ends but not the sides of adjacent ventricular muscle cells. Conclusions rH1 is the predominant subtype expressed on rat atrial and ventricular muscle cells. rH1 protein localization in surface and t-tubular membranes is consistent with its proposed role in coordinating membrane depolarization along the length and deep within cardiac muscle cells. rH1 protein localization in terminal intercalated disks suggests that sodium channels may also act as a localized voltage-dependent current amplifier, raising the safety margin for conduction; they also may contribute to anisotropic or saltatory conduction in cardiac tissues. These electrophysiological properties would be particularly important under conditions of altered channel function resulting from ion channel gene defects (eg, long QT syndrome), antiarrhythmic drug therapy, ischemia, or other heart diseases by influencing the electrophysiological substrate for ventricular tachyarrhythmias. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Cohen, SA (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,CARDIOL SECT 111C,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 18 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 12 BP 3083 EP 3086 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VY746 UT WOS:A1996VY74600011 PM 8989112 ER PT J AU Huang, M Sharma, S Mao, JT Dubinett, SM AF Huang, M Sharma, S Mao, JT Dubinett, SM TI Non-small cell lung cancer-derived soluble mediators and prostaglandin E(2) enhance peripheral blood lymphocyte IL-10 transcription and protein production SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; CLASS-I EXPRESSION; T-CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; TNF-ALPHA; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; TYROSINE KINASE; DOWN-REGULATION; MESSENGER-RNA; CARCINOMA AB Studies suggest that IL-10 may contribute to tumor-associated immunosuppression, In the current study we evaluated the capacity of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to induce PBL IL-10 production, We observed a 10- to 100-fold increase in human PBL IL-10 production following exposure to NSCLC cell supernatants. The tumor-induced increase in PBL IL-10 production was partially blocked by pretreatment of the tumors with the PC inhibitor indomethacin, NSCLC lines were found to constitutively produce PCE(2). Exogenous PGE(2) also induced PBL IL-10 production in a dose- and time-dependent manner, Both PCE, and NSCLC supernatant-induced PBL IL-10 production were due to an increase in the IL-10 mRNA transcriptional rate, To evaluate the significance of tumor-induced lymphocyte IL-10 production, the capacity of PBL to produce IFN-gamma during culture in tumor supernatants was assessed in the presence of specific anti-IL-10 mAb, We found enhanced PBL IFN-gamma production following anti-IL-10 treatment, These in vitro studies imply that NSCLC-induced PBL IL-10 production may serve to shift the Th1/Th2 cytokine axis at the tumor site and thus inhibit cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses, These findings identify a mechanism by which lung cancer cells may escape host immune surveillance, We conclude that NSCLC-derived soluble mediators, including PGs, may play an immunoregulatory role through induction of lymphocyte IL-10 production, C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,JOHNSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA09120]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL07014] NR 70 TC 132 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 157 IS 12 BP 5512 EP 5520 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA VX026 UT WOS:A1996VX02600037 PM 8955201 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG AF Shekelle, PG TI Spinal manipulation for low back pain: An 2860 updated systematic review of randomized clinical trials - Point of view SO SPINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SANTA MONICA,CA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD DEC 15 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 24 BP 2872 EP 2872 DI 10.1097/00007632-199612150-00014 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA WB802 UT WOS:A1996WB80200014 ER PT J AU Pichot, JT AF Pichot, JT TI Psychiatry residency recruitment: Using the Internet SO ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter RP Pichot, JT (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1042-9670 J9 ACAD PSYCHIATR JI Acad. Psych. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 20 IS 4 BP 232 EP 232 PG 1 WC Education & Educational Research; Psychiatry SC Education & Educational Research; Psychiatry GA VU803 UT WOS:A1996VU80300006 PM 24442746 ER PT J AU Donovan, DM AF Donovan, DM TI Marlatt's classification of relapse precipitants: Is the Emperor still wearing clothes? SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOL AB The present paper provides comments on the series of papers dealing with the reliability and validity of Marlatt's taxonomy of relapse precipitants. The results of these papers suggest that thc degree of reliability and predictive validity of the original relapse taxonomy, as operationalized and employed in the present studies, is lower than would be hoped for. Both methodological factors in the studies and limitations in the taxonomy are discussed. While the original taxonomic system has provided a useful heuristic model and a guide for clinical intervention, it is recommended that it be modified to improve its utility in research and practice. A number of specific recommendations are provided for modifying the system C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98105. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,ADDICT TREATMENT CTR,SEATTLE,WA. RP Donovan, DM (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,INST ALCOHOL & DRUG ABUSE,3937 15TH AVE NE,SEATTLE,WA 98105, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD DEC PY 1996 VL 91 SU S BP S131 EP S137 DI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1996.tb02333.x PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA WC567 UT WOS:A1996WC56700012 PM 8997787 ER PT J AU Donovan, DM AF Donovan, DM TI Assessment issues and domains in the prediction of relapse SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article ID SITUATIONS; ALCOHOL AB The present paper provides a brief overview of methodological issues involved in the process of assessment related to the classification and prediction of relapse. These include conceptual and operational definitions of relapse, retrospective versus prospective assessment, attributional biases in recalling relapse events, single versus multiple determinants of relapse, static versus dynamic assessment models, and the necessary level of specificity involved in the assessment of relapse categories. Additionally, general domains representing distal personal characteristics, intermediate background variables and factors proximal in time to relapse situations are reviewed. Potential variables appropriate for assessment within each of these domains are described. It is concluded that relapse is best understood as a complex process having multiple and interactive determinants that vary in their temporal proximity from and their relative influence on relapse. An adequate assessment model must be sufficiently comprehensive to include theoretically relevant variables from each of the multiple domains and different levels of potential predictors. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98105. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,ADDICT TREATMENT CTR,SEATTLE,WA. RP Donovan, DM (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,INST ALCOHOL & DRUG ABUSE,3937 15TH AVE NE,SEATTLE,WA 98105, USA. NR 22 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 5 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD DEC PY 1996 VL 91 SU S BP S29 EP S36 DI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1996.tb02325.x PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA WC567 UT WOS:A1996WC56700004 PM 8997779 ER PT J AU Dohmen, K Baraona, E Ishibashi, H Pozzato, G Moretti, M Matsunaga, C Fujimoto, K Lieber, CS AF Dohmen, K Baraona, E Ishibashi, H Pozzato, G Moretti, M Matsunaga, C Fujimoto, K Lieber, CS TI Ethnic differences in gastric sigma-alcohol dehydrogenase activity and ethanol first-pass metabolism SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE stomach; alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes; firstpass metabolism; ethnic differences ID HUMAN-LIVER ALCOHOL; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASES; 1ST-PASS METABOLISM; JAPANESE SUBJECTS; HUMAN STOMACH; ADH7 GENE; BLOOD; BIOAVAILABILITY; POLYMORPHISMS; PURIFICATION AB We assessed whether the low sigma-alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in Japanese (compared with Caucasians) affects the first-pass metabolism of ethanol. ADH isozyme activities were determined in endoscopic biopsies of the gastric corpus from 24 Japanese and 41 Caucasian men by starch gel electrophoresis and by comparing the reduction of m-nitrobenzaldehyde (a preferred substrate of sigma-ADH) with that of acetaldehyde (a preferred substrate of gamma-ADH) and the glutathione-dependent formaldehyde oxidation (a specific reaction of chi-ADH). Alcohol pharmacokinetics was compared in 10 Japanese and 10 Caucasians after administration of ethanol (300 mg/kg of body weight) intravenously or orally, using 5 and 40% oral solutions. Japanese exhibited lower sigma-ADH activity than Caucasians, with no difference in the other gastric isozymes. With 5% ethanol, first-pass metabolism was strikingly lower in Japanese than in Caucasions. Blood alcohol levels were similar because of the high elimination rate in Japanese due to the hepatic beta(2)-ADH variant. With 40% ethanol, the first-pass metabolism increased in both groups to comparable levels, suggesting an additional contribution by chi-ADH at high ethanol concentrations. These results indicate that sigma-ADH activity contributes significantly to gastric ethanol oxidation and its lower activity in Japanese is associated with lesser first-pass metabolism. C1 BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,NEW YORK,NY. MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY. KYUSHU UNIV,DEPT INTERNAL MED 1,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. UNIV TRIESTE,INST CLIN MED,TRIESTE,ITALY. SAGA MED SCH,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL,SAGA,JAPAN. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 03508, AA 07275] NR 34 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD DEC PY 1996 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1569 EP 1576 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01701.x PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA VZ863 UT WOS:A1996VZ86300012 PM 8986205 ER PT J AU Katz, IR AF Katz, IR TI On the inseparability of mental and physical health in aged persons - Lessons from depression and medical comorbidity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Geriatric-Psychiatry CY FEB 17-20, 1995 CL CANCUN, MEXICO SP Amer Assoc Geriatr Psychiat ID HEMISPHERIC CEREBRAL INFARCTION; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; PROTEIN PLASMA-LEVELS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; LATE-LIFE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY; REVERSIBLE DEMENTIA AB Recent research findings demonstrate that general medical and mental health are inseparable in older individuals. The medical consequences of depression can be summarized with the unifying hypothesis that depression interacts with medical or neurological illness to modify the course of disease and to amplify its associated effects. The medical causes of depression can be divided into specific mechanisms of certain diseases or medications and general mechanisms that may integrate effects of a number of the common chronic disorders of late life. The authors discuss two general hypotheses: One suggests that depression may be associated with subclinical cerebrovascular disease in older patients with cerebrovascular risk factors; the other suggests that depression occurring in association with various conditions may be related to cytokine-mediated ''sickness behavior.'' The research literature makes a compelling case for the need to address psychiatric-medical comorbidity in late life as a central issue in public policy and the design of health care systems. RP Katz, IR (reprint author), UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,3600 MARKET ST,ROOM 812,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 124 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 7 U2 11 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1064-7481 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 4 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 PG 16 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA TL531 UT WOS:A1996TL53100001 ER PT J AU Henderson, MC Hunt, DK Williams, JW AF Henderson, MC Hunt, DK Williams, JW TI General internists influence students to choose primary care careers: The power of role modeling SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL-STUDENTS; SPECIALTY CHOICE; SCHOOL AB PURPOSE: TO determine whether medical students supervised by general internist attendings during the third-year medicine clerkship are more likely to choose primary care careers than students supervised by subspecialist attendings. METHODS: One hundred forty-four consecutive medical students rotating on the general medicine inpatient service during the 1993-1994 academic year were surveyed about their career choice and professional expectations, both at the beginning and end of the clerkship; an additional 50 students completed a post-clerkship survey only. The cohort of students was surveyed at graduation to determine stability of their career preferences. RESULTS: Both pre- and post-clerkship surveys were completed by 138 of 144 students (96%); post-clerkship surveys were completed by 181/194 (93%); and graduation surveys were completed by 137/188 (73%). Fifty-eight students (32%) designated primary care (general internal medicine, general pediatrics, or family practice) as their career choice post-clerkship; of these, 45 students (78%) also indicated a primary care career choice at graduation. Characteristics associated with choosing primary care post-clerkship were: low income expectation, desire to interact closely with patients, desire to contribute to society, low class rank, female gender, and high educational debt. Having a physician parent was negatively associated with choosing primary care. After controlling for important demographic, academic and attitudinal characteristics, increasing exposure to a general internist attending was associated with choosing primary care (OR = 5.1, comparing highest to lowest amount). Among students choosing primary care, exposure to a general internist attending was associated with choosing general internal medicine in a dose-dependent fashion (OR = 4.2, comparing highest to lowest amount). CONCLUSIONS: Although career choice is clearly related to personal characteristics such as socioeconomic background and humanistic qualities, a high degree of exposure to general internists during the medicine clerkship is associated with choosing primary care. Exposure of students interested in primary care to general internist attendings may also influence them to consider general internal medicine over family practice and pediatrics. (C) 1996 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,AMBULATORY CARE SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Henderson, MC (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GEN MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 18 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 101 IS 6 BP 648 EP 653 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00334-8 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WB602 UT WOS:A1996WB60200013 PM 9003113 ER PT J AU Simon, FR Fortune, J Iwahashi, M Gartung, C Wolkoff, A Sutherland, E AF Simon, FR Fortune, J Iwahashi, M Gartung, C Wolkoff, A Sutherland, E TI Ethinyl estradiol cholestasis involves alterations in expression of liver sinusoidal transporters SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sodium-potassium-activated adenosinetriphosphatase; sodium-dependent bile acid transporter; organic anion transporter; fluidity; bile acids ID MEMBRANE LIPID FLUIDITY; RAT-LIVER; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; ECTO-ATPASE; BILE-ACID; INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS; TAUROCHOLATE TRANSPORT; HEPATOCYTES; CLONING; PROTEIN AB The mechanisms involved in ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestasis are controversial. Basal bile flow was reduced by ethinyl estradiol administration, with a half time (t(1/2)) of 12.5 +/- 0.6 h. In contrast, initial taurocholate uptake was not significantly reduced until 3 days to 59% of control and to 13 and 10% of control at 5 and 7 days, respectively. The t(1/2) was 4.3 +/- 0.1 days. These physiological changes were correlated with measurement of protein mass and steady-state mRNA for Na+-K+-adenosinetriphosphatase (Na+-K+-ATPase), Na+-dependent taurocholate transporter, organic anion transporters, and membrane lipid fluidity. Ethinyl estradiol significantly decreased Na+-K+-ATPase activity and membrane fluidity. However, neither Na+-K+-ATPase alpha-subunit nor beta-subunit mass was altered by ethinyl estradiol administration. In contrast, protein content of the Na+-dependent taurocholate transporter was significantly reduced to 21% of control (P < 0.001) at 5 days. The Na+-dependent taurocholate transporter was identified in sinusoidal membrane fractions as a doublet with a molecular size estimated to be 51 and 56 kDa. Although both bands were reduced with ethinyl estradiol treatment, the 56-kDa band was decreased more rapidly and to a greater extent than the 51-kDa band. The estimated t(1/2) of 4.8 +/- 0.6 days for the doublet was similar to that for Na+-dependent taurocholate uptake. The organic anion transporter protein mass was similarly reduced with time of ethinyl estradiol administration to 21% of control (P < 0.01) at 5 days. Ethinyl estradiol also rapidly decreased the steady-state mRNA levels of Na+-dependent and organic anion transporters to similar to 50% and 15% of control at 5 days, respectively. These studies indicate early generalized abnormalities of the sinusoidal membrane lipid fluidity, Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and bile acid transport protein content. C1 UNIV COLORADO, HLTH SCI CTR, DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DENVER, CO 80262 USA. ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED, DEPT MED, BRONX, NY 10461 USA. ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED, MARION BESSIN LIVER RES CTR, BRONX, NY 10461 USA. YALE UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT MED, LIVER STUDY UNIT, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520 USA. RP Simon, FR (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO, HLTH SCI CTR, HEPATOBILIARY CTR, 4200 E 9TH AVE, B-145, DENVER, CO 80262 USA. NR 35 TC 145 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 271 IS 6 BP G1043 EP G1052 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA WA523 UT WOS:A1996WA52300014 ER PT J AU Kato, S Koide, M Cooper, G Zile, MR AF Kato, S Koide, M Cooper, G Zile, MR TI Effects of pressure- or volume-overload hypertrophy on passive stiffness in isolated adult cardiac muscle cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE osmolarity; diastole; stress; strain ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION; MITRAL REGURGITATION; FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; HEART-FAILURE; CALCIUM; MYOCYTES; CARDIOCYTES; MYOCARDIUM AB It has been hypothesized that the changes in myocardial stiffness induced by chronic hemodynamic overloading are dependent on changes in the passive stiffness of the cardiac muscle cell (cardiocyte). However. no previous studies have examined the passive constitutive properties of cardiocytes isolated from animals with myocardial hypertrophy. Accordingly, changes in relative passive stiffness of cardiocytes isolated from animals with chronic pressure- or volume-overload hypertrophy were determined by examining the effects of anisosmotic stress on cardiocyte size. Anisosmotic stress was produced by altering superfusate osmolarity. Hypertrophied cardiocytes were enzymatically isolated from 16 adult cats with right ventricular (RV) pressure-overload hypertrophy induced by pulmonary artery banding (PAB) and from 6 adult cats with RV volume-overload hypertrophy induced by creating an atrial septal defect (ASD). Left ventricular (LV) cardiocytes from each cat served as nonhypertrophied, normally loaded, same-animal controls. Superfusate osmolarity was decreased from 305 +/- 3 to 135 +/- 5 mosM and increased to 645 +/- 4 mosM. During anisosmotic stress, there were no significant differences between hypertrophied RV and normal LV cardiocytes in pressure overload PAB cats with respect to percent change in cardiocyte area (47 +/- 2% in RV vs. 48 +/- 2% in LV), diameter (46 +/- 3% in RV vs. 48 +/- 2% in LV), or length (2.4 +/- 0.2% in RV vs. 2.0 +/- 0.3% in LV), or sarcomere length (1.5 +/- 0.1% in RV vs. 1.3 +/- 0.3% in LV). Likewise, there were no significant differences in cardiocyte strain between hypertrophied RV and normal LV cardiocytes from ASD cats. In conclusion, chronic pressure-overload hypertrophy and chronic volume-overload hypertrophy did not alter the cardiocyte response to anisosmotic stress. Thus chronic overload hypertrophy did not alter relative passive cardiocyte stiffness. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DIV CARDIOL, DEPT MED, GAZES CARDIAC RES INST, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29401 USA. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 271 IS 6 BP H2575 EP H2583 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA WB840 UT WOS:A1996WB84000044 ER PT J AU Jackson, RM Parish, G Ho, YS AF Jackson, RM Parish, G Ho, YS TI Effects of hypoxia on expression of superoxide dismutases in cultured ATII cells and lung fibroblasts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alveolar epithelium; hypoxia ID MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; II EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RAT LUNG; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; HYPEROXIA; PROTEIN; PNEUMOCYTES; INDUCTION; EXPOSURE; GENE AB This study investigated whether hypoxia affected the expression of mitochondrial manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and the cytosolic copper and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) in alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) cells and lung fibroblasts. Cells were exposed in vitro to air (controls) or to 2.5% oxygen (hypoxia) for 24 h. Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Both Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA expression in ATII cells decreased significantly after 1 day in hypoxic conditions. The decrease in Mn-SOD mRNA (-69%) was greater than that in Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA (-48%). ATII cell surfactant protein A transcript expression remained constant. Mn-SOD (-52%) and Cu,Zn-SOD (-54%) mRNA expression decreased similarly in lung fibroblasts cultured during hypoxia. The half-life of the Mn-SOD mRNA measured in lung fibroblasts exposed to air or hypoxia for 24 h decreased significantly from 5.8 +/- 0.1 to 3.8 +/- 0.7 h (-34%). The half-life for the Cu,Zn-SOD decreased significantly from 4.0 +/- 0.3 to 2.4 +/- 0.1 h(-40%). Neither Mn-SOD nor Cu,Zn-SOD protein expression in ATII cells changed significantly during hypoxia. Hypoxia decreases expression of Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA in ATII cells and lung fibroblasts in part by decreasing stability of the mRNA transcripts. C1 BIRMINGHAM VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35223 USA. WAYNE STATE UNIV, INST CHEM TOXICOL, DETROIT, MI 48201 USA. RP Jackson, RM (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA, DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-39585, HL-39147] NR 36 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1040-0605 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-LUNG C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 271 IS 6 BP L955 EP L962 PG 8 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA VZ650 UT WOS:A1996VZ65000011 PM 8997266 ER PT J AU YoshidaYoneda, E OLee, TJ Wei, JY Vigna, SR Tache, Y AF YoshidaYoneda, E OLee, TJ Wei, JY Vigna, SR Tache, Y TI Peripheral bombesin induces gastric vagal afferent activation in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cholecystokinin; gastric distension; vagus; cholecystokinin antagonist; ICI-216140; desmethionine-bombesin antagonist; bombesin binding ID BINDING-SITES; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; CHOLECYSTOKININ; BRAIN; CCK; RESPONSES; RELEASE; SATIETY; TRANSPORT AB Bombesin's influence on gastric vagal afferent discharge (GVAD) was studied in urethan-anesthetized rats. Vehicle and peptides were injected intravenously at 30-min intervals. Cholecystokinin (CCK; 300 pmol) and bombesin (300 pmol) increased ongoing multiunit GVAD by 153 +/- 59 and 162 +/- 37%, respectively; similar increases were induced by a second injection of bombesin and CCK. The bombesin antagonist, ICI-216140, prevented bombesin-induced increase in GVAD, whereas the CCK response was not influenced. The CCK-A receptor antagonist devazepide reduced the activation of GVAD induced by bombesin from 107 +/- 11 to 63 +/- 6%, while abolishing the CCK response. Devazepide given alone or in combination with ICI-216140 did not modify gastric distension (3 ml)-induced increase in GVAD. Of 22 single units that were activated by gastric load (4 ml), 17 and 20 units responded also to bombesin (620 pmol) and CCK (870 pmol), respectively. Of the nine units that did not respond to gastric load, eight had an increase in GVAD induced by both bombesin and CCK. There was no specific binding of I-125-labled [Tyr(4)] bombesin on cervical vagus, either intact or 24 h after ligation. These data suggest that intravenous bombesin-induced stimulation of GAVD is indirect and initially mediated through specific receptor activation influencing gastric smooth muscle and the release of CCK. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. DUKE UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT CELL BIOL, DURHAM, NC 27710 USA. NR 36 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 271 IS 6 BP R1584 EP R1593 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA WB876 UT WOS:A1996WB87600017 ER PT J AU Marder, SR Wirshing, WC Mintz, J McKenzie, J Johnston, K Eckman, TA Lebell, M Zimmerman, K Liberman, RP AF Marder, SR Wirshing, WC Mintz, J McKenzie, J Johnston, K Eckman, TA Lebell, M Zimmerman, K Liberman, RP TI Two-year outcome of social skills training and group psychotherapy for outpatients with schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID MAINTENANCE CHEMOTHERAPY; FAMILY PSYCHOEDUCATION; AFTERCARE TREATMENT; RELAPSE; FLUPHENAZINE; ADJUSTMENT; TRIAL AB Objective: The authors evaluated the effectiveness of behaviorally oriented social skills training and supportive group therapy for improving the social adjustment of schizophrenic patients living in the community and for protecting them against psychotic relapse. Method: Eighty male outpatients with schizophrenia were stabilized with a low dose of fluphenazine decanoate (5 to 10 mg every 14 days), which was supplemented with oral fluphenazine (5 mg twice daily) or a placebo when they first met criteria for a prodromal period. (Half of the patients did so at some time during the study.) Patients were randomly assigned to receive either social skills training or supportive group therapy twice weekly for 6 months and then weekly for the next 18 months. Rates of Psychotic exacerbation were monitored, as were scores on the Social Adjustment Scale II. Results: There were significant main effects favoring social skills training over supportive group therapy on two of the six Social Adjustment Scale II cluster totals examined (personal well-being and total) and significant interactions between psychosocial treatment and drug treatment for three items (external family, social and leisure activities, and total). In each case, these interactions indicated that the advantage of social skills training over supportive group therapy was greatest when it was combined with active drug supplementation. Social skills training did not significantly decrease the risk of psychotic exacerbation in the full group, but an advantage was observed (post hoc) among patients who received placebo supplementation. Conclusions: These findings suggest that social skills training resulted in greater improvement in certain measures of social adjustment than supportive group therapy. The greatest improvement in social outcomes occurred when social skills training was combined with a pharmacological strategy of active drug supplementation at the time prodromal worsening of psychotic symptoms was first observed. However, these improvements were modest in absolute terms and confined to certain subgroups of patients. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-41573] NR 25 TC 136 Z9 138 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 153 IS 12 BP 1585 EP 1592 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VV491 UT WOS:A1996VV49100013 PM 8942455 ER PT J AU Sumner, AE Abrahm, JL Stabler, SP AF Sumner, AE Abrahm, JL Stabler, SP TI Vitamin B-12 deficiency after gastric surgery - In response SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER,CO 80262. RP Sumner, AE (reprint author), MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 125 IS 11 BP 937 EP 938 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VV541 UT WOS:A1996VV54100013 ER PT J AU Ikeda, M Sharma, V Sumi, M Rogaeva, EA Poorkaj, P Sherrington, R Nee, L Tsuda, T Oda, N Watanabe, M Aoki, M Shoji, M Abe, K Itoyama, Y Hirai, S Schellenberg, GD Bird, TD StGeorgeHyslop, PH AF Ikeda, M Sharma, V Sumi, M Rogaeva, EA Poorkaj, P Sherrington, R Nee, L Tsuda, T Oda, N Watanabe, M Aoki, M Shoji, M Abe, K Itoyama, Y Hirai, S Schellenberg, GD Bird, TD StGeorgeHyslop, PH TI The clinical phenotype of two missense mutations in the presenilin I gene in Japanese patients SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CHROMOSOME-14; LINKAGE; LOCUS; KINDREDS AB We report the clinical and neuropathologic phenotypes associated with two different missense mutations in the presenilin I (PS-I) gene in Japanese patients with early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD). In the AM/JPN1 pedigree a missense mutation (C-->T) was found at nucleotide 1102, which is predicted to cause an alanine-to-valine missense substitution at codon 260. In this family, the disease had a mean age of onset of 40.3 rears and an indolent course (range, 8-19 years). Neuropathologic studies in 3 members of this pedigree showed widespread senile plaques, neuro-fibrillary tangles, and neuronal loss, as well as abundant perivascular subpial amyloid deposits in the Virchow-Robin spaces and the presence of Pick-like intraneuronal inclusions in the dentate gyrus. In the second pedigree, transmitting a C-->T nucleotide substitution at position 1027, leading to the missense mutation of alanine to valine at codon 285, the disease had a later onset (mean, 51 years) but a more rapid course. Comparison of the disease phenotypes associated with other missense mutations in exon 9 of PS-I reveals no clinical or pathological phenotype, which uniquely distinguishes Alzheimer's disease associated with PS-I mutations from other forms of early-onset PAD, implying that direct mutation screening is required to identify these cases. C1 TORONTO HOSP,DEPT MED,TORONTO,ON M5T 2S8,CANADA. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE,WA. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,NEUROL SECT,SEATTLE,WA. NINCDS,CLIN NEUROPHARMACOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. TOHOKU UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,MAEBASHI,GUMMA,JAPAN. TOHOKU UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. ISHII HOSP NEUROSURG & OPHTHALMOL,DIV NEUROL & NEUROSURG,IWAKI,FUKUSHIMA,JAPAN. RP Ikeda, M (reprint author), UNIV TORONTO,CTR RES NEURODEGENERAT DIS,DEPT MED,DIV NEUROL,TANZ NEUROSCI BLDG,TORONTO,ON M5S 3H2,CANADA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG0513C, R01-AG11762] NR 16 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 40 IS 6 BP 912 EP 917 DI 10.1002/ana.410400614 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WE377 UT WOS:A1996WE37700013 PM 9007097 ER PT J AU Steindel, SJ Howanitz, PJ Renner, SW AF Steindel, SJ Howanitz, PJ Renner, SW TI Reasons for proficiency testing failures in clinical chemistry and blood gas analysis - A College of American Pathologists Q-Probes study in 665 laboratories SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB Objective.-To determine the reasons for proficiency testing (PT) failures from 41 chemistry and blood gas analytes using data collected to benchmark performance. Design.-Self-administered survey requesting number of challenges by analyte encompassing nine PT events. When the challenge resulted in a self-defined failure, further information was requested concerning the magnitude of the failure (as a standard deviation index) and categorization of the type of failure into six major groups (Methodologic, Technical, Clerical, Survey, Unexplained, or Other) and then into subgroups. Participants.-Laboratories enrolled in the 1992 College of American Pathologists Q-Probes program. Main Outcome Measures.-Rate of PT failures and reasons for failure. Results.-Proficiency testing data from 670 489 challenges performed in 665 laboratories revealed 9268 (1.4%) unacceptable results. Failure types were distributed as follows: Methodologic, 33.5%; Technical, 17.4%; Clerical, 11.1%; Survey, 7.8%; Unexplained, 25.7%; and Other, 7.4%. Conclusions.-Individual analyte PT failure is a common event in the participating laboratories, but failures in successive or alternate events are rare. Analysis of the reasons for failed events indicates that most identified reasons occurred in either the Methodologic or Technical categories (50.9%). Analysis of the failure types suggested investigation pathways based on the magnitude of the failure that could reduce the 25.7% rate of unexplained failures. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM HOSP,LAB SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Steindel, SJ (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,PUBL HLTH PRACTICE PROGRAM OFF,DIV LAB SYST,CHAMBLEE,GA 30341, USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 120 IS 12 BP 1094 EP 1101 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA WQ053 UT WOS:A1996WQ05300006 PM 15456173 ER PT J AU Sussman, S Simon, TR Glynn, SM Stacy, AW AF Sussman, S Simon, TR Glynn, SM Stacy, AW TI What does ''high risk'' mean? A PsycINFO scan of the literature SO BEHAVIOR THERAPY LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENTS; TRENDS AB Recent health research has emphasized the study of high risk variables without consensus regarding different meanings of the term high risk. We provide a categorization scheme for this concept that includes prediction of consequence variables from antecedent variables in different contexts. Different antecedent-consequence combinations (notions of high risk) across a variety of health research contexts are described based on a search of PsycINFO entries from 1985 to 1990. investigators apparently limit their notions of high risk by specific research areas. We discuss the potential usefulness of the category scheme for providing a conceptual framework which bridges different research domains, or at least reduces the likelihood of misuse of the term. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Sussman, S (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,INST HLTH PROMOT & DIS PREVENT RES,1540 ALCAZAR ST,CHP-209F,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033, USA. RI Stacy, Alan/G-5406-2016 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADV BEHAVIOR THERAPY PI NEW YORK PA 305 7TH AVE #16A, NEW YORK, NY 10001-6008 SN 0005-7894 J9 BEHAV THER JI Behav. Therapy PD WIN PY 1996 VL 27 IS 1 BP 53 EP 65 DI 10.1016/S0005-7894(96)80035-9 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA UG689 UT WOS:A1996UG68900006 ER PT J AU Saban, J Zussman, MA Havey, R Pathwardhan, AG Schneider, GB King, D AF Saban, J Zussman, MA Havey, R Pathwardhan, AG Schneider, GB King, D TI Heterozygous oim mice exhibit a mild form of osteogenesis imperfecta SO BONE LA English DT Article DE osteogenesis imperfecta; oim mice; biomechanics; bones ID EMBRYONIC LETHAL MUTATION; ALPHA-1(I) COLLAGEN GENE; TRANSGENIC MICE; I COLLAGEN; RETROVIRUS; PHENOTYPE; INSERTION; COL1A1; MODEL AB The oim Strain of mice is one of several rodent models that exhibit an osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) phenotype, These mice have a mutation in the gene encoding alpha-2 chain of type I procollagen that prevents proper assembly of this propeptide with alpha-1 propeptides, Homozygous oim mice experience multiple bone fractures under standard laboratory animal housing conditions and are representative of moderate to severe forms of OI, Because fractures are not typically experienced by heterozygous oim mice, they have not been studied extensively, The present studies show that the organization of cortical bone is deficient in heterozygotes, exhibiting a morphology intermediate to specimens from homozygotes and wild-type mice, The biomechanical properties of femurs isolated from heterozygous oim mice are also intermediate to homozygotes and wild-type mice when tested in four-point bending, Although it is not possible to distinguish visually between heterozygous oim and wild-type mice, the quality and biomechanical properties of bone in heterozygotes is significantly reduced by twelve weeks of age, Heterozygous oim mice are useful as a model for a mild form of OI. (C) 1996 by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 FINCH UNIV HLTH SCI CHICAGO MED SCH,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,N CHICAGO,IL 60064. FINCH UNIV HLTH SCI CHICAGO MED SCH,DEPT MOL BIOL & PHARMACOL,N CHICAGO,IL 60064. FINCH UNIV HLTH SCI CHICAGO MED SCH,DEPT CELL BIOL & ANAT,N CHICAGO,IL 60064. LOYOLA UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,ORTHOPAED BIOMECH LAB,HINES,IL 60141. NR 21 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD DEC PY 1996 VL 19 IS 6 BP 575 EP 579 DI 10.1016/S8756-3282(96)00305-5 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VZ104 UT WOS:A1996VZ10400002 PM 8968022 ER PT J AU BenEliyahu, S Page, GG Shakhar, G Taylor, AN AF BenEliyahu, S Page, GG Shakhar, G Taylor, AN TI Increased susceptibility to metastasis during pro-oestrus/oestrus in rats: Possible role of oestradiol and natural killer cells SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE oestrous cycle; menstrual cycle; immunity; oestradiol; MADB106 ID LARGE GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTES; OPERABLE BREAST-CANCER; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; NK CELLS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; ESTROUS-STAGE; TUMOR-CELLS AB It has been suggested that tumour development and immunocompetence are affected by the menstrual and the oestrous cycle, and sex hormones have been shown to modulate lymphokine production, neuroendocrine activity and immunity. In this study, we assessed natural killer cell activity and host susceptibility to metastasis during the oestrous cycle in the Fisher 344 inbred rat strain. Females were inoculated intravenously with MADB106 tumour cells, a syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma cell line that metastasises only to the lungs. The susceptibility to metastatic development of this tumour was found to be significantly higher during pro-oestrus and oestrus than during metoestrus and dioestrus. Two days of exposure to oestradiol benzoate caused similar effects in ovariectomised females, and a single administration of progesterone reduced this effect of oestradiol to a statistically non-significant level. The tumour was found to be negative for oestradiol receptors, and its in vitro proliferation rate was not affected by oestradiol or progesterone, suggesting that the effects of sex hormones on the metastatic process are not attributable to a direct effect on tumour cells. Because the metastatic process of MADB106 tumour cells is known, and confirmed here, to be highly controlled by large granular lymphocyte natural killer (LGL/NK) cell activity, we assessed their role in mediating the effects of the oestrous cycle. The number and activity levels of circulating blood LG/NK cells (NKR-Pl(+) bright) were studied. Findings indicated oestrous-dependent alterations in the number of LGL/NK cells and suggested a diminished NK activity per LGL/NK cell during pro-oestrus/oestrus, the same phases that were characterised by higher susceptibility to metastatic development. These findings provide the first empirical evidence for a causal relationship between a short-term exposure to elevated oestradiol/low progesterone levels and decreased resistance to tumour metastasis, and it is hypothesised that an alteration in LGL/NK cell activity underlies these effects. Homologies and relevance to clinical phenomena are discussed. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL NURSING,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP BenEliyahu, S (reprint author), TEL AVIV UNIV,DEPT PSYCHOL,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. FU NICHD NIH HHS [TS32 HD07228] NR 60 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD DEC PY 1996 VL 74 IS 12 BP 1900 EP 1907 DI 10.1038/bjc.1996.651 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA VX690 UT WOS:A1996VX69000007 PM 8980388 ER PT J AU Steel, BL Hassell, KL Rajagopalan, C Merritt, AA Parsons, T Braun, T Marlar, RA AF Steel, BL Hassell, KL Rajagopalan, C Merritt, AA Parsons, T Braun, T Marlar, RA TI Unique case of brothers with moderate factor XI deficiency and one with severe bleeding after surgery SO CLINICAL AND APPLIED THROMBOSIS-HEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE Factor XI; Amicar; bleeding ID PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME; SENSITIVITY; REAGENTS AB Factor XI is the only contact factor whose deficiency may result in a bleeding diathesis. This case report describes two brothers with similar moderate factor XI deficiency (41% and 45%), but one brother had severe bleeding during invasive procedures whereas the other brother undergoing the same surgical procedure had no excessive bleeding. The bleeding in the first brother continued despite adequate factor XI levels; however, it was stopped only after EACA therapy. Also discussed is the importance of a sensitive aPTT reagent to the various factors and the role of the aPTT in predicting potential bleeding, since a normal aPTT was obtained prior to the first surgery. This case demonstrates that major bleeding can occur in heterozygous factor XI deficiency and the patient must be considered 'at risk' for potential bleeding and should be treated accordingly. C1 DENVER VA MED CTR,LAB SERV 113,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,DENVER,CO 80220. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80220. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,DENVER,CO 80262. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1076-0296 J9 CLIN APPL THROMB-HEM JI Clin. Appl. Thromb.-Hemost. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 2 IS 1 BP 14 EP 17 DI 10.1177/107602969600200104 PG 4 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TU308 UT WOS:A1996TU30800004 ER PT J AU Finegold, SM Wexler, HM AF Finegold, SM Wexler, HM TI Present status of therapy for anaerobic infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on New Fluoroquinolones and Anaerobic Infections CY NOV 05-09, 1995 CL SAN JUAN, PR ID BACTERIOLOGY AB Therapeutic approaches to anaerobic infections are changing. Debridement, drainage, and other surgical approaches remain extremely important. Resistance to antimicrobial agents currently used for treatment of anaerobic infections is increasing. However, promising new agents are being introduced. We review the current status of therapy for anaerobic infections and discuss the potential role of these new agents. We stress an empirical approach to therapy that is based on the usual infecting flora in various types of infections. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT 111F,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Finegold, SM (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT 111F,MED SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 9 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 23 SU 1 BP S9 EP S14 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VW522 UT WOS:A1996VW52200003 PM 8953100 ER PT J AU Yao, L Lee, HY Gentili, A Shapiro, MM AF Yao, L Lee, HY Gentili, A Shapiro, MM TI Lateral down-sloping of the acromion: A useful MR sign? SO CLINICAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Objective: The anterior acromion may appear to slope downward in a lateral direction on coronal-oblique magnetic resonance (MR) images of the shoulder. We sought to determine the significance of this finding as a marker of rotator cuff impingement. Patients and methods: MR studies of 58 subjects (26 with impingement, 32 with glenohumeral instability) were retrospectively analysed. Subjective down-sloping of the acromion was compared to standardized acromial measurements made on MR (acromial axis, width of the anterior acromion, and distance of the acromioclavicular joint from the superior glenoid) and clinical diagnosis. Results: Interobserver variance for lateral down-sloping was fair (kappa = 0.5). One reader's assessment of lateral down-sloping of the acromion correlated with standardized MR measurements. Subjective lateral down-sloping of the acromion did not, however, correlate with impingement. Conclusion: The subjective finding of a laterally down-sloping acromion on coronal-oblique MR images, while partially validated by standardized measurements, is aot predictive of impingement syndrome. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM HOSP,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT RADIOL SCI,DEPT RADIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RI Gentili, Amilcare/G-1238-2013 OI Gentili, Amilcare/0000-0002-5623-7512 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0009-9260 J9 CLIN RADIOL JI Clin. Radiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 51 IS 12 BP 869 EP 872 DI 10.1016/S0009-9260(96)80085-7 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VY014 UT WOS:A1996VY01400009 PM 8972653 ER PT J AU Henning, KR Frueh, BC AF Henning, KR Frueh, BC TI Cognitive-behavioral treatment of incarcerated offenders - An evaluation of the Vermont Department of Corrections' cognitive self-change program SO CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; REHABILITATION; METAANALYSIS; ATTITUDES; VIOLENT; SEX AB Recidivism rates were compared in two groups of male offenders from a medium-security state prison. Offenders in the first group (n = 55) voluntarily participated in a cognitive-behavioral treatment program that addressed ''thinking errors'' related to criminal behavior. A second group of offenders (n = 141) from the same facility, who did not participate in the treatment program, served as a comparison group. A significant difference in recidivism was observed between the groups, with 50% of the offenders from the treatment group recidivating, compared to 70.8% of the comparison group. More favorable results for the program were observed when these data were subjected to survival analyses and implications. Practical limitations of the present study for the treatment of a general population of incarcerated offenders are discussed. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP Henning, KR (reprint author), UNIV MEMPHIS,DEPT PSYCHOL,MEMPHIS,TN 38152, USA. NR 49 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 14 PU SAGE SCIENCE PRESS PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0093-8548 J9 CRIM JUSTICE BEHAV JI Crim. Justice Behav. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 523 EP 541 DI 10.1177/0093854896023004001 PG 19 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology GA VU357 UT WOS:A1996VU35700001 ER PT J AU Meredith, M Rabaglia, ME Corbett, JA Metz, SA AF Meredith, M Rabaglia, ME Corbett, JA Metz, SA TI Dual functional effects of interleukin-1 beta on purine nucleotides and insulin secretion in rat islets and INS-1 cells SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; MOUSE PANCREATIC-ISLETS; BETA-CELLS; GLUCOSE-CONCENTRATION; CYCLIC-GMP; LANGERHANS; METABOLISM; INHIBITION; RELEASE; DEPENDENCE AB Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) has been shown to inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion from rat islets and purified beta-cells, primarily through the generation of nitric oxide (NO). However, the mechanisms by which NO exerts its effects remain unclear. To examine the role of purine nucleotides, we cultured intact rat islets or INS-1 (glucose-responsive transformed rat) beta-cells for 18 h in the presence or absence of IL-1 beta. In islets, the exposure to IL-1 beta (100 pmol/l) inhibited subsequent glucose-induced insulin secretion by 91% with no significant effect on insulin content or basal insulin release. IL-1 beta also diminished insulin secretion induced by pure mitochondrial fuels, 40 mmol/l K+, or a phorbol ester. Concomitantly, IL-1 beta significantly decreased islet ATP (-45%), GTP (-33%), ATP/ADP (-54%), and GTP/GDP (-46%). These effects mere totally reversed by provision of N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NAME) in arginine-free media that inhibited NO production. In contrast, in INS-1 cells, IL-1 beta (10 or 100 pmol/l) reduced both basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion by 50%, but insulin content was also reduced by 35%. Therefore, the INS-1 cells were still able to respond to glucose stimulation with a 1.8-2.0-fold increase in insulin release in either the presence or absence of IL-1 beta. Concomitantly, in INS-1 cells, IL-1 beta had no effect on ATP/ADP or GTP/GDP ratios, although it modestly decreased ATP (-25%) and GTP (-22%). As in islets, all effects of IL-1 beta in INS-1 cells were prevented by NAME. Thus, in rat islets, IL-1 beta (via the generation of NO) abolishes insulin exocytosis in association with large decreases in the ATP/ADP (and GTP/GDP) ratio, implying the impairment of mitochondrial function. Furthermore, IL-1 beta inhibits cytosolic synthesis of new purine nucleotides (via the salvage pathway), as assessed by a decrease in their specific activity after labeling with [H-3]hypoxanthine. In contrast, in INS-1 cells, IL-1 beta appears to impair cytosolic synthesis of purine nucleotides and insulin biosynthesis selectively (both possibly reflecting decreased glycolysis) with little direct effect on insulin exocytosis itself. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DIV ENDOCRINOL,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM HOSP,MADISON,WI 53792. ST LOUIS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOL BIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63104. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK37312] NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD DEC PY 1996 VL 45 IS 12 BP 1783 EP 1791 DI 10.2337/diabetes.45.12.1783 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VU836 UT WOS:A1996VU83600018 PM 8922366 ER PT J AU Warner, DC McCandless, RR DeNino, LA Cornell, JE Pugh, JA Marsh, GM AF Warner, DC McCandless, RR DeNino, LA Cornell, JE Pugh, JA Marsh, GM TI Costs of diabetes in Texas, 1992 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID MELLITUS AB OBJECTIVE - To estimate direct and indirect costs of diabetes in Texas in 1992. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - For most direct medical costs, we relied on third party and provider billing databases, including Medicare, Medicaid, VA facilities, public hospitals, and others. The researchers identified people with diabetes in the respective databases, located all records of their care, and sorted records as clearly probably, or probably not attributable to diabetes on the basis of principal diagnoses. In most cases, costs were valued as allowable or paid charges. Some medical costs, such as private insurance, were estimated from national data and state surveys. Indirect costs included current short- and long-term disability costs and the discounted present value of future costs of mortality Disability estimates relied on National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data and U.S. Department of Labor wage data applied to Texas. Mortality estimates were based on death certificates. RESULTS - Total costs clearly or probably attributable to diabetes among Texans in 1992 were estimated at $4.0 billion. Direct medical costs were similar to$1.6 billion. Indirect costs were estimated at $2.4 billion. The largest direct costs were paid by Medicare. Most indirect costs were from long-term disability. CONCLUSIONS - This study demonstrates methods for conducting cost of illness studies at the state level. In a state like Texas, with a large and growing Mexican-American population, estimation of current and future economic costs of diabetes is vital for development of strategies to minimize social and economic consequences of diabetes. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECT RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,AUDIE L MURPHY DIV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Warner, DC (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,LYNDON B JOHNSON SCH PUBL AFFAIRS,PO DRAWER Y,AUSTIN,TX 78713, USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [1-U01-HS07397-04] NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD DEC PY 1996 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1416 EP 1419 DI 10.2337/diacare.19.12.1416 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VU770 UT WOS:A1996VU77000019 PM 8941474 ER PT J AU Houser, CR Esclapez, M AF Houser, CR Esclapez, M TI Vulnerability and plasticity of the GABA system in the pilocarpine model of spontaneous recurrent seizures SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop on the Neurobiology of Epilepsy (WONOEP III) - Mechanisms of Chronic Models of Epilepsy CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 1995 CL KEWARRA BEACH, AUSTRALIA DE glutamate decarboxylase; GAD65; hippocampus; dentate gyrus; epilepsy; temporal lobe epilepsy ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; HIPPOCAMPAL DENTATE GYRUS; RAT FASCIA-DENTATA; GABAERGIC NEURONS; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; GRANULE CELLS; KAINIC ACID; 2 FORMS; INTRAHIPPOCAMPAL KAINATE AB Several similarities exist between the alterations observed in the chronic pilocarpine model of recurrent seizures in the rat and those found in human temporal lobe epilepsy. The present studies are focused on changes in the GABA system in this model. Following the initial pilocarpine-induced seizures, a substantial loss of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) mRNA-containing neurons has been found in the hilus of the dentate gyrus (Obenaus et al., J. Neurosci, 13 (1993) 4470-4485), and, recently, a loss of GAD mRNA-labeled neurons has also been found in stratum oriens of CA1. Yet numerous other GABA neurons remain within the hippocampal formation, and there appear to be multiple compensatory changes in these neurons. Labeling for GAD65 mRNA and associated protein is substantially increased in the remaining GABA neurons at 2-4 months after the initial seizure episode. Such increased labeling suggests that the remaining GABA neurons are part of a functional circuit and may be responding to the need for increased activity. Alterations also occur in at least one subunit of the GABA-A receptor. Labeling for the alpha 5 subunit mRNA is substantially decreased in CAI and CA2 of pilocarpine-treated rats during the chronic, seizure-prone period. These findings emphasize the complexity of changes in the GABA system and indicate a need for evaluating the functional consequences of each of the changes. The initial loss of specific groups of GABA neurons could be a critical first step in the gradual development of epileptiform activity. While many of the subsequent changes in the GABA system may be considered to be compensatory, significant deficits of GABAergic function could remain. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH DIV,NEUROL SERV,COMPREHENS EPILEPSY PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH DIV,RES SERV,COMPREHENS EPILEPSY PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Houser, CR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. RI Esclapez, Monique/O-6509-2016 OI Esclapez, Monique/0000-0002-8558-1363 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS21908] NR 59 TC 153 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 26 IS 1 BP 207 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(96)00054-X PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VX953 UT WOS:A1996VX95300022 PM 8985701 ER PT J AU Vawter, MP DillonCarter, O Tourtellotte, WW Carvey, P Freed, WJ AF Vawter, MP DillonCarter, O Tourtellotte, WW Carvey, P Freed, WJ TI TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 concentrations are elevated in Parkinson's disease in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; MIDBRAIN DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; TGF-BETA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; TOTAL PROTEIN; FACTOR-BETA-1 AB Transforming growth factor (TGF)beta plays a role in injury repair in sites surrounding brain injury. The present study tested the hypothesis that TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 levels in the postmortem CSF of patients with neurodegenerative disorders would be elevated compared to those in normal subjects. Free TGF beta 1 and total TGF beta 2 were measured by ELISA in postmortem ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (vCSF) of patients with Parkinson's disease (n = 30), Alzheimer's disease (n = 30), multiple sclerosis (n = 15), and schizophrenia (n = 12) and of normal controls (n = 16). In addition, albumin, IgG, and total protein in vCSF were measured. Both TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 were significantly different between groups (P < 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Parkinson's disease vCSF showed significant increases in both TGF beta 1 (P = 0.015) and TGF beta 2 (P = 0.012) compared to normal controls. There was a trend for TGF beta 2 to be elevated in Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis vCSFs, which failed to achieve significance. There were no differences between controls and schizophrenics in TGF beta 1 or TGF beta 2. Alzheimer's disease vCSF showed a significant decrease in protein compared to all other groups, which was not related to blood-brain barrier permeability, age, or autolysis differences. Evidence is presented suggesting that some TGF beta 1 may leak into the vCSF from plasma, Autopsy vCSF levels of TGF beta isoforms were found to be distinctly different from those reported for human serum, especially for TGF beta 2, which is undetectable in plasma. These results indicate that further in vivo studies of TGF beta 2 in the CSF of Parkinson's disease patients are warranted to determine the relationship between clinical status, medication, and TGF beta 2 concentrations. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60612. RP Vawter, MP (reprint author), NIMH,SECT PRECLIN NEUROSCI,NEUROPSYCHIAT BRANCH,NEUROSCI CTR ST ELIZABETHS,WASHINGTON,DC 20032, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG09466, AG10161] NR 50 TC 82 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 142 IS 2 BP 313 EP 322 DI 10.1006/exnr.1996.0200 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VV613 UT WOS:A1996VV61300009 PM 8934562 ER PT J AU Brodkin, KI Abrass, IB AF Brodkin, KI Abrass, IB TI Hypertension in the elderly SO GENERATIONS-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY ON AGING LA English DT Article ID HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; PLASMA-RENIN ACTIVITY; FRAMINGHAM; TRIAL; MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; WEIGHT C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,DIV GERONTOL & GERIATR MED,SEATTLE,WA. RP Brodkin, KI (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE,WA, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGING PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 833 MARKET ST, STE 511, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-1824 SN 0738-7806 J9 GENERATIONS JI Generations-J. Am. Soc. Aging PD WIN PY 1996 VL 20 IS 4 BP 28 EP 32 PG 5 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA WC863 UT WOS:A1996WC86300007 ER PT J AU Wood, TF Srivatsan, ES Chakrabarti, R Ma, GC Kuan, NK Samara, GJ Higgins, MJ Shows, TB Johnson, CL Wan, YJY Passaro, EP Sawicki, MP AF Wood, TF Srivatsan, ES Chakrabarti, R Ma, GC Kuan, NK Samara, GJ Higgins, MJ Shows, TB Johnson, CL Wan, YJY Passaro, EP Sawicki, MP TI A 1.5-megabase physical map encompassing the multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN1) locus on chromosome 11q13 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID CELL HYBRIDS; LONG ARM; GENE; REGION; MARKERS; TUMORS; DNA; HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-11; SUBLOCALIZATION; HETEROZYGOSITY AB Linkage analysis and loss of heterozygosity studies have shown that the gene responsible for the multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN1) syndrome localizes to a small interval between D11S427 and D11S460 on chromosome 11q13. As an initial step to clone this tumor suppressor gene, our group is the first to map the MEN1 region physically using yeast artificial chromosome, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAG), and cosmid contigs. The 1.5-Mb high-resolution, contiguous map extends from PYGM to 300 kb telomeric of D11S460. Of this, the 1.2-Mb interval between PYGM and D11S460 is isolated in cosmids and BACs and will be useful for the development of genomic sequences and transcription maps of this important region. Nine new sequence-tagged sites (STS) ape also characterized from this region, The physical map and the STSs will be valuable tools for the cloning of the MEN1 gene. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT SURG W112,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,NEW YORK,NY 10032. ROSWELL PK CANC INST,DEPT HUMAN GENET,BUFFALO,NY 14263. ALBERTA CHILDRENS PROV GEN HOSP,CLIN GENET UNIT,CALGARY,AB T2T 5C7,CANADA. HARBOR UCLA MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,TORRANCE,CA 90509. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00359] NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 38 IS 2 BP 166 EP 173 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0612 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA VY320 UT WOS:A1996VY32000008 PM 8954798 ER PT J AU Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Luther, M Dean, DD Boyan, BD Wiederhold, ML AF Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Luther, M Dean, DD Boyan, BD Wiederhold, ML TI A mechanism of adaptation to hypergravity in the statocyst of Aplysia californica SO HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hypergravity; organ; calcification; Aplysia californica; gravity ID BONE; WEIGHTLESSNESS; MICROGRAVITY AB The gravity-sensing organ of Aplysia californica consists of bilaterally paired statocysts containing statoconia, which are granules composed of calcium carbonate crystals in an organic matrix. In early embryonic development, Aplysia contain a single granule called a statolith, and as the animal matures, statoconia production takes place. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of hypergravity on statoconia production and homeostasis and explore a possible physiologic mechanism for regulating this process. Embryonic Aplysia were exposed to normogravity or 3 x g or 5.7 x g and each day samples were analyzed for changes in statocyst, statolith, and body dimensions until they hatched. In addition, early metamorphosed Aplysia (developmental stages 7-10) were exposed to hypergravity (2 x g) for 3 weeks, and statoconia number and statocyst and statoconia volumes were determined. We also determined the effects of hypergravity on statoconia production and homeostasis in statocysts isolated from developmental stage 10 Aplysia. Since prior studies demonstrated that urease was important in the regulation of statocyst pH and statoconia formation, we also evaluated the effect of hypergravity on urease activity. The results show that hypergravity decreased statolith and body diameter in embryonic Aplysia in a magnitude-dependent fashion. In early metamorphosed Aplysia, hypergravity decreased statoconia number and volume. Similarly, there was an inhibition of statoconia production and a decrease in statoconia volume in isolated statocysts exposed to hypergravity in culture. Urease activity in statocysts decreased after exposure to hypergravity and was correlated with the decrease in statoconia production observed. In short, there was a decrease in statoconia production with exposure to hypergravity both in vivo and in vitro and a decrease in urease activity. It is concluded that exposure to hypergravity downregulates urease activity, resulting in a significant decrease in the formation of statoconia. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PERIODONT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PERIODONT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78229. OI Dean, David/0000-0002-4512-9065 NR 48 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5955 J9 HEARING RES JI Hear. Res. PD DEC 1 PY 1996 VL 102 IS 1-2 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0378-5955(96)00147-5 PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Otorhinolaryngology GA VX780 UT WOS:A1996VX78000006 PM 8951450 ER PT J AU Oshima, J Yu, CE Piussan, C Klein, G Jabkowski, J Balci, S Miki, T Nakura, J Ogihara, T Ells, J Smith, MDC Melaragno, MI Fraccaro, M Scappaticci, S Matthews, J Ouais, S Jarzebowicz, A Schellenberg, GD Martin, GM AF Oshima, J Yu, CE Piussan, C Klein, G Jabkowski, J Balci, S Miki, T Nakura, J Ogihara, T Ells, J Smith, MDC Melaragno, MI Fraccaro, M Scappaticci, S Matthews, J Ouais, S Jarzebowicz, A Schellenberg, GD Martin, GM TI Homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations at the Werner syndrome locus SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID EXCISION REPAIR GENE; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; DNA HELICASE; PUTATIVE HELICASES; MOLECULAR-BASIS; LIFE-SPAN; CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION; RECOMBINATION AB The Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive progeroid disorder, The Werner syndrome gene (WRN) has recently been identified as a member of the helicase family, Four distinct mutations were previously reported in three Japanese and one Syrian WS pedigrees, The latter mutation was originally described as a 4 bp deletion spanning a spliced junction, It is now shown that this mutation results in a 4 bp deletion at the beginning of an exon, Nine new WRN mutations in 10 additional WS patients, both Japanese and Caucasian, are described, These include three compound heterozygotes (one Japanese and two Caucasian), The new mutations are located all across the coding region. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE DIV,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV AMIENS,F-80054 AMIENS,FRANCE. KRANKENHAUS ELISABETHINEN,DERMATOL ABT ALLGEM OFFENTLICHE,A-239 LINZ,AUSTRIA. HACETTEPE UNIV,CHILDRENS HISPITAL,DEPT CLIN GENET,ANKARA,TURKEY. OSAKA UNIV,DEPT GERIATR MED,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. NELLIS AIR FORCE BASE HOSP,INTERNAL MED CLIN,LAS VEGAS,NV 89101. ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DIV GENET,BR-04023 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. UNIV PAVIA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. GRP HLTH,FAIRFAX,VA 22039. DAMASCUS CITY HOSP,ENDOCRINOL SECT,DAMASCUS,SYRIA. RP Oshima, J (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PATHOL,BOX 357470,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. RI Melaragno, Maria/F-9013-2012; Smith, Marilia/C-4397-2012 OI Smith, Marilia/0000-0002-1441-1033 FU NIA NIH HHS [T32 AG00057, P1 AG08303, R37 AG08303] NR 42 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 5 IS 12 BP 1909 EP 1913 DI 10.1093/hmg/5.12.1909 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA VX747 UT WOS:A1996VX74700008 PM 8968742 ER PT J AU Sales, A Moscovice, I Lurie, N AF Sales, A Moscovice, I Lurie, N TI Measuring seriousness of hospital quality of care issues SO JOINT COMMISSION JOURNAL ON QUALITY IMPROVEMENT LA English DT Article AB Background: A 1995 article showed that the discipline of the person who determines what constitutes a serious quality of care issue is significantly associated with the type of issues identified as serious. Moreover, what is a serious issue for one organization or provider may be a minor issue for another. Methods: Six hundred hospital administrators, physicians, nurses, and quality managers in 72 hospitals rated the seriousness of issues they had identified in their own hospitals. A panel of 90 external hospital administrators, physicians, and quality managers rated a condensed set of the same issues. Results: Across all the hospitals, internal scores were significantly lower (less serious) than external scores. Internal 'respondents consistently rated issues identified in their hospital lower than did external raters. The mean internal rating was .60 times the score for the anchor issue (''late lab or x-ray results,'' assigned a score of 300), while the mean external rating was 1.73 times the anchor score. Discussion: Convergence of internal and external perceptions of the seriousness of quality of care issues in hospitals cannot be assumed. This raises questions about the effects of applying external judgments on seriousness of quality of care issues, such as those used in report cards or other external reports on hospital quality of care. Conclusion: There is greater conformity of viewpoint when respondents are asked to adopt an industrywide perspective rather than an internal one. External raters are more likely to consider problems serious than are internal raters, possibly because they do not have local knowledge of mitigating circumstances. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH PUBL HLTH,INST HLTH SERV RES,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. HENNEPIN CTY MED CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. RP Sales, A (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,NW CTR OUTCOMES RES OLDER ADULT,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. RI Sales, Anne/D-9678-2012 OI Sales, Anne/0000-0001-9360-3334 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 1070-3241 J9 JOINT COMM J QUAL IM JI Jt. Comm. J. Qual. Improv. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 22 IS 12 BP 811 EP 816 PG 6 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA XT182 UT WOS:A1996XT18200004 PM 8986563 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Rios, N Hazuda, HP AF Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Rios, N Hazuda, HP TI Measuring chronic rheumatic pain in Mexican Americans: Cross-cultural adaptation of the McGill Pain Questionnaire SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pain; questionnaires; cross-cultural comparison; Mexican Americans; language; rheumatic diseases ID CANCER PAIN; RELIABILITY; LANGUAGE; VALIDITY; VERSION; KAPPA AB We performed a cross-cultural adaptation of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) from Englsh to Spanish for studying Mexican Americans in South Texas. Each of the 78 single-word pain descriptors in the original MPQ was translated into Spanish by a panel of nine bilingual health researchers, preserving the original structure of the questionnaire. The pain intensity content (PIC) of the words in each language was then rated on a 100 mm visual analog scale by 8 bilingual hearth care providers and 10 bilingual healthcare consumers. The correlation between Spanish and English average PIC ratings was strong (r = 0.85 for providers, r = 0.80 for consumers). The translated Spanish version was compared to the original English in a group of 50 bilingual Mexican-American patients with musculoskeletal pain, who completed the MPQ in both languages. There was no difference in Average Pain Rating Index between the Spanish and English versions (29.8 +/- 14.7 vs 29.1 +/- 15.8, p = 0.55), and agreement between the two language versions was almost perfect (r(i) = 0.85). Test-retest reliability was measured in two groups of hospitalized patients (25 per group), one composed of monolingual Spanish speakers and the other of monolingual English speakers. Each subject completed the MPQ, the McGill Pain Map, two 10-cm visual analog scales measuring pain now and within the past week, the bodily pain items of the MOS-SF36 survey, and the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire, on two occasions one day apart. Test-retest reliability of the Spanish and English components of the MPQ was not significantly different and was comparable to that of the other pain and health status instruments. We conclude that the Spanish MPQ is cross-culturally equivalent to the original English and has similar concurrent validity and reliability. This questionnaire is suitable for cross cultural studies of pain comparing Spanish-speaking Mexican Americans with English-speaking members of the same and other ethnic groups. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,RHEUMATOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR & GERONTOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN EPIDEMIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIA NIH HHS [1-RO1-AG-10444]; PHS HHS [1-U01-H507397] NR 34 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1389 EP 1399 DI 10.1016/S0895-4356(96)00276-4 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VY924 UT WOS:A1996VY92400010 PM 8970489 ER PT J AU Ames, D Wirshing, WC Baker, RW Umbricht, DSG Sun, AB Carter, J Schooler, NR Kane, JM Marder, SR AF Ames, D Wirshing, WC Baker, RW Umbricht, DSG Sun, AB Carter, J Schooler, NR Kane, JM Marder, SR TI Predictive value of eosinophilia for neutropenia during clozapine treatment SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID DENMARK; RISK AB Background: Myelotoxicity continues to hinder the widespread use of clozapine in the United States. It has been theorized that eosinophilia predicts later agranulocytosis and that agranulocytosis occurs due to an immunologic mechanism. Our study compares the rates of these dyscrasias in clozapine-treated patients and a control group. Method: Forty-one patients taking clozapine and 29 patients taking haloperidol were monitored for a period of 6 months. Rates of eosinophilia and neutropenia were compared between the two treatment groups. Results: Treatment-emergent eosinophilia occurred frequently in both haloperidol- and clozapine-treated patients. No significant difference was seen between groups in the incidence of eosinophilia and neutropenia. Conclusion: We find no statistical difference between the rates of eosinophilia or neutropenia in haloperidol- and clozapine-treated patients. This study does not support the use of eosinophilia as a reliable predictor of neutropenia. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV PITTSBURGH,MED CTR,SPECIAL STUDIES CTR,MAYVIEW STATE HOSP,PITTSBURGH,PA. HILLSIDE HOSP,GLEN OAKS,NY 11004. ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,BRONX,NY 10467. RP Ames, D (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH46484-03] NR 13 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD DEC PY 1996 VL 57 IS 12 BP 579 EP 581 DI 10.4088/JCP.v57n1205 PG 3 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA WD707 UT WOS:A1996WD70700005 PM 9010121 ER PT J AU Warde, C Allen, W Gelberg, L AF Warde, C Allen, W Gelberg, L TI Physician role conflict and resulting career changes - Gender and generational differences SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 02-04, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE career choice; stress, family characteristics; marital status; physician practice patterns ID OCCUPATIONAL STRESS; JOB-SATISFACTION; PART-TIME; FAMILY; WOMEN; MEDICINE; HEALTH AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gender and generational differences both in the prevalence of role conflict and in resulting career changes among married physicians with children. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS: We sent a survey to equal numbers of licensed male and female physicians (1,412 total) in a Southern California county; of the 964 delivered questionnaires, 656 (68%) were returned completed. Our sample includes 415 currently married physicians with children, 64% male and 36% female. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The prevalence of perceived role conflict, of career changes for marriage, and of career changes for children were evaluated. Types of career changes were also evaluated. More female than male physicians (87% vs 62%, p < .001) and more younger than older female physicians (93% vs 80%, p < .01) and male physicians (79% vs 54%, p < .001) experienced at least moderate levels of role conflict. Younger female and male physicians did not differ in their rates of career change for marriage (57% vs 49%), but female physicians from both age cohorts were more likely than their male peers to have made career changes for their children (85% vs 35%, p < .001). Younger male physicians were twice as likely as their older peers to have made a career change for marriage (49% vs 28%, p < .001) or children (51% vs 25%, p < .001). The most common type of career change made for marriage or children was a decrease in work hours. CONCLUSIONS: Most physicians experience role conflict, and many adjust their careers in response. Flexible career options may enable physicians to combine professional and family roles more effectively. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 31 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 11 IS 12 BP 729 EP 735 DI 10.1007/BF02598986 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA VZ358 UT WOS:A1996VZ35800003 PM 9016419 ER PT J AU Singh, I Kremser, K Ghosh, B Singh, AK Pai, S AF Singh, I Kremser, K Ghosh, B Singh, AK Pai, S TI Abnormality in translational regulation of catalase expression in disorders of peroxisomal biogenesis SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE catalase; peroxisomes; Zellweger syndrome; X-adrenoleukodystrophy ID HEPATO-RENAL SYNDROME; NEURONAL MIGRATION; ZELLWEGER SYNDROME; FIBROBLASTS; DISEASE; LIVER; H2O2 AB Peroxisomal disorders are a newly described group of inherited neurological diseases. In disorders of peroxisomal biogenesis, e.g., Zellweger syndrome, owing to the lack of peroxisomes, catalase, a peroxisomal enzyme, is found to be present in the cytoplasm instead. We observed higher catalase activity (7.59 +/- 0.41 mU/mg of protein) in cultured skin fibroblasts from Zellweger patients than in control fibroblasts (4.45 +/- 0.29 mU/mg of protein). Moreover, we also found that the majority of the catalase in Zellweger cells was present in the inactive form. The specific activities following reactivation in Zellweger and control cells were 12.1 and 4.9 mU/mg of protein, respectively. To understand the molecular basis of higher levels of catalase in Zellweger than control cells, we examined the rate of synthesis and turnover of catalase and levels of catalase mRNA and protein levels in Zellweger cells as compared with control cells. The initial rates of synthesis of catalase in Zellweger (1.68 +/- 0.15 mU/mg of protein) and control (1.51 +/- 0.14 mU/mg of protein) cells were similar. The rates of turnover of catalase in Zellweger (t(1/2) = 47 +/- 8 h) and control (t(1/2) = 49 +/- 7 h) were also similar. Consistent with the enzyme activity, the levels of catalase protein were higher in Zellweger cells as compared with control cells. On the other hand, there was no difference in the level of catalase mRNA between control and Zellweger cells. Although the rate of synthesis in Zellweger and control cells was initially similar, it was down-regulated to a lower level at similar to 72 h of culture in control fibroblasts as compared with Zellweger cells, which continued to synthesize catalase at the same rate up to 5 days in culture. The presence of similar levels of mRNA in control and Zellweger cells and continued synthesis of catalase in Zellweger cells at a higher level as compared with control cells suggest a loss of regulation at the translational level. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,CHARLESTON,SC. RP Singh, I (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PEDIAT,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-34741, NS-22576] NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 67 IS 6 BP 2373 EP 2378 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA VU244 UT WOS:A1996VU24400017 PM 8931469 ER PT J AU Murray, DR Polizzi, SM Harris, TJ Maisel, AS AF Murray, DR Polizzi, SM Harris, TJ Maisel, AS TI Myocardial ischemia alters immunoregulatory cell traffic and function in the rat independent of exogenous catecholamine administration SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catecholamines; myocardial ischemia; immune cells; beta-adrenergic ID BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS; LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; SUPPRESSION; EXERCISE; HUMANS; SYSTEM AB Recent investigation has suggested there is an adrenergically-driven efflux of beta(2)-receptor rich lymphocyte subsets into the circulation with altered function following either exercise or infusion of exogenous catecholamines. Myocardial ischemia, like exercise, is associated with generalized sympathoadrenal activation. To determine whether ischemia influences immunoregulatory cell traffic and function in a manner comparable to beta(2)-adrenergic stimulation via isoproterenol, rats underwent thoracotomy with or without coronary ligation. Another group of rats received either isoproterenol (1 mg/kg) or vehicle (10 mM HCl) intraperitoneally. Thoracotomy, regardless of whether or not myocardial ischemia was induced, led to lymphocytosis, reflected primarily by an increase in T-helper (T-h) cells and, to a lesser degree, in T-suppressor/cytotoxic (T-s/c) and natural killer (NK) cells; with a tendency toward an increased T-h/T-s/c ratio. To the contrary, isoproterenol injection resulted in a relative lymphopenia characterized by diminished B and T-h cell numbers, preserved T-s/c and increased NK cell numbers leading to a significant decrease in the T-h/T-s/c ratio. With respect to splenic composition, 60 but not 15 min of myocardial ischemia led to diminished T-h and B cell numbers compared to sham operated controls, whereas isoproterenol appeared to stimulate an efflux of only NK cells. Both ischemia and isoproterenol enhanced basal splenocyte function; however, only ischemia significantly boosted splenocyte responsiveness to the mitogen Concanavalin A. Surgically induced myocardial ischemia leads to alterations in immunoregulatory cell migration and function which are distinct from those found with beta(2)-adrenergic stimulation via isoproterenol. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92161. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. HAHNAMAN MED SCH,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19106. RP Murray, DR (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,SAN DIEGO,CA 92161, USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-5728 J9 J NEUROIMMUNOL JI J. Neuroimmunol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 71 IS 1-2 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1016/S0165-5728(96)00138-5 PG 7 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA VZ443 UT WOS:A1996VZ44300015 PM 8982109 ER PT J AU Cummings, JL AF Cummings, JL TI Neuropsychiatry and society SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PARKINSONS-DISEASE; NURSING-HOME; DISORDER C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,REED NEUROL RES CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Cummings, JL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,REED NEUROL RES CTR,DEPT NEUROL,710 WESTWOOD PLAZA,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 40 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 1 BP 104 EP 109 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA TR911 UT WOS:A1996TR91100018 PM 8845693 ER PT J AU Houtman, JJ Fleming, JO AF Houtman, JJ Fleming, JO TI Pathogenesis of mouse hepatitis virus-induced demyelination SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY LA English DT Review DE multiple sclerosis; immunopathology; coronavirus ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MURINE CORONAVIRUS JHM; T-CELL CLONES; TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE MUTANTS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN FAMILY; S-PEPLOMER PROTEIN; STRAIN JHM; SPIKE PROTEIN AB Infection of rodents with neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) may result in lethal encephalitis or paralytic demyelinating disease resembling the human disease multiple sclerosis. The outcome of MHV infection is dependent on a number of variables, including the passage history of the viral isolate, dose and route of inoculation, and the age and immune status of the host. Alterations in surface glycoproteins, especially the spike protein, can profoundly influence pathogenesis. Innate resistance to MHV infection may be related to the expression of cellular receptors or to immunological factors. The immune system plays a major role in MHV pathogenesis, affecting encephalitis, viral clearance, and demyelination. Antiviral antibodies, CD4(+) T lymphocytes, or CD8(+) T lymphocytes may protect infected animals from lethal encephalitis, but both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes are required for effective viral clearance. Demyelination in MHV-infected animals has been attributed to the cytolytic effects of viral infection on myelin-producing oligodendrocytes, but more recent evidence supports an immunopathological mechanism for demyelination. Immunopathological models far demyelination include autoimmunity, direct immune cytotoxicity, and indirect 'bystander' damage. Although evidence exists supporting all of these models, the authors favor the bystander demyelination mo del. Much remains to be revealed about the processes leading to demyelination in MHV-infected mice, and information gained from these investigations may aid in the study of demyelinating disease in humans. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT MED MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT NEUROL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. NR 185 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1355-0284 J9 J NEUROVIROL JI J. Neurovirol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 2 IS 6 BP 361 EP 376 DI 10.3109/13550289609146902 PG 16 WC Neurosciences; Virology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology GA WA335 UT WOS:A1996WA33500001 PM 8972418 ER PT J AU Parker, JA Yester, MV DaubeWitherspoon, ME ToddPokropek, AE Royal, HJ AF Parker, JA Yester, MV DaubeWitherspoon, ME ToddPokropek, AE Royal, HJ TI Procedure guideline for general imaging: 1.0 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE practice guidelines; nuclear medicine imaging C1 BETH ISRAEL HOSP, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, BIRMINGHAM, AL USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NIH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UCL, LONDON, ENGLAND. WASHINGTON UNIV, MED CTR, MALLINCKRODT INST RADIOL, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 37 IS 12 BP 2087 EP 2092 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VY988 UT WOS:A1996VY98800045 PM 8970540 ER PT J AU Brazy, PC Chobanian, MC AF Brazy, PC Chobanian, MC TI Interactions between D-glucose and phosphate in renal proximal tubule cells SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID INORGANIC-PHOSPHATE; CELLULAR MECHANISMS; MEMBRANE-VESICLES; TRANSPORT; KIDNEY; METABOLISM; CRABTREE; SODIUM; RAT AB The addition of D-glucose to renal proximal tubule cells reduces phosphate transport and in conditions of limited phosphate availability reduces mitochondrial respiration, oxidative phosphorylation and ATP content, a phenomenon called the Crabtree effect. The present study examined the effects of D-glucose on cellular content of inorganic phosphate, phosphomonoesters, and ATP. These studies were performed in suspensions of canine proximal tubules using P-31 NMR spectroscopy. When the extracellular medium contained 0.4 mM phosphate, addition of 8.3 mM D-glucose to the perfusion fluid significantly lowered cell content of inorganic phosphate (by 31%), phosphomonoesters (by 23%) and ATP (by 25%). Addition of a similar concentration of manifold had no significant effect on these measured parameters. Removal of inorganic phosphate from the extracellular medium in the absence of glucose reduced the cellular content of inorganic phosphate by only 9%. These data indicate that a reduction in cellular phosphate occurs during the Crabtree effect. The glucose effect on cellular phosphates appears to be an inhibition of phosphate uptake and an enhancement of phosphate efflux. The data do not support the hypothesis that glucose induces an increase in sugar monophosphates. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Brazy, PC (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,H4-514 CSC,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 50 SU 57 BP S30 EP S34 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VW139 UT WOS:A1996VW13900007 ER PT J AU Sanchez, J AguileraTejero, E Estepa, JC Almaden, Y Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ AF Sanchez, J AguileraTejero, E Estepa, JC Almaden, Y Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ TI A reduced PTH response to hypocalcemia after a short period of hypercalcemia: A study in dogs SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL PARATHYROID CELLS; PLASMA CALCIUM CONCENTRATION; SECRETORY PROTEIN-I; CHROMOGRANIN-A; NORMAL HUMANS; HORMONE SECRETION; PANCREASTATIN; ASSAY; ADAPTATION; ENDOTHELIN AB The relationship between PTH and calcium is best represented as a sigmoidal curve. In the normal animal and human, basal PTH is positioned at approximately 25% of maximum PTH and responds rapidly to small changes in calcium in either directions. Since PTH secretion is designed to response to either hypo- or hypercalcemia, the study was performed to evaluate whether the parathyroid gland would respond differently to hypocalcemia when the reduction in serum calcium was initiated from sustained hypercalcemia with maximal PTH suppression. Nine dogs were studied and the experimental protocol consisted of two separate parts in which the same dogs were used and the order of study was randomly assigned. For the hypercalcemic part, calcium chloride was infused intravenously to increase serum calcium to between 1.60 and 1.70 mN at 30 minutes and then continued for another 90 minutes to clamp the serum calcium at a constant rate to less than 0.85 mM. For the normocalcemic part, 5% dextrose in water was infused for two hours to control for fluid volume and time, and then EDTA was infused to lower the serum calcium at a constant rate to less than 0.85 mM. The results show that for the same serum calcium concentration at every 0.05 mM decrement in serum calcium below normal, PTH was less in the hypercalcemic than the normocalcemic dogs (P < 0.02). During the induction of hypocalcemia in the normocalcemic dogs, a characteristic sigmoidal curve was observed in which a small decrease in the serum calcium induced a brisk increase in PTH and a maximal PTH level was rapidly attained; however, during the induction of hypocalcemia in the hypercalcemic dogs, a maximal PTH level was attained. In conclusion, a sustained period of hypercalcemia resulted in a decreased PTH response to hypocalcemia and reduced the efficiency of the sigmoidal PTH-calcium relationship. Whether the mechanism for this difference in PTH secretion is due to secretory products, modification of the calcium receptor, or changes in intercellular communication among parathyroid cells deserves further study. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEPHROL SECT 111L,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CORDOBA,DEPT PATOL CLIN VET,CORDOBA,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,DEPT CIRUGIA,CORDOBA,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,DEPT NEFROL,CORDOBA,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,UNIDAD INVEST,CORDOBA,SPAIN. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 50 SU 57 BP S18 EP S22 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VW139 UT WOS:A1996VW13900005 ER PT J AU DeKay, ML AF DeKay, ML TI The difference between Blackstone like error ratios and probabilistic standards of proof SO LAW AND SOCIAL INQUIRY-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BAR FOUNDATION LA English DT Article ID DECISION-MAKING; JURY VERDICTS; CIVIL TRIALS; BURDENS; LEGAL; ACCURACY; MODELS AB Statements regarding the ratio of erroneous acquittals to erroneous convictions are often thought to have clear implications for standards of proof. For example, Blackstone's comment that ''it is better that ten guilty persons escape, than that one innocent suffer'' is believed by many to imply a precise numerical value for proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Specifically, jurors should vote to convict only if they are at least 91% certain of the defendant's guilt. Unfortunately, the belief that this decision threshold will lead to the desired ratio of judicial errors is simply incorrect. Depending on (a) the accuracy with which juries discriminate between truly innocent and truly guilty defendants and (b) the proportion of defendants who are truly guilty, this probabilistic standard of proof mar lead to any ratio of judicial errors, including those favoring conviction of the innocent over acquittal of the guilty. Although standards of proof cannot be equated with error ratios in a simple manner, the problem lies not with probabilistic decision thresholds but with the desire to achieve a certain error ratio. C1 UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,WHARTON SCH,DEPT OPERAT & INFORMAT MANAGEMENT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP DeKay, ML (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA, USA. NR 97 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0897-6546 J9 LAW SOCIAL INQUIRY JI Law Soc. Inq.-J. Am. Bar Found. PD WIN PY 1996 VL 21 IS 1 BP 95 EP 132 DI 10.1111/j.1747-4469.1996.tb00013.x PG 38 WC Law SC Government & Law GA UR956 UT WOS:A1996UR95600007 ER PT J AU Tsai, T Davalath, S Rankin, C Radich, JP Head, D Appelbaum, FR Boldt, DH AF Tsai, T Davalath, S Rankin, C Radich, JP Head, D Appelbaum, FR Boldt, DH TI Tumor suppressor gene alteration in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Analysis of retinoblastoma (Rb) and p53 gene expression in lymphoblasts of patients with de novo, relapsed, or refractory ALL treated in Southwest Oncology Group studies SO LEUKEMIA LA English DT Article DE ALL; tumor suppressor genes; retinoblastoma (Rb) gene; p53 ID LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA; GROUP EXPERIENCE; CELL LINES; MUTATIONS; PROTEIN; CANCER; CHILDHOOD; DELETION; ALLELE; RNA AB To examine the impact of inactivation of tumor suppressor genes on outcome in adult ALL, we compared two groups of patients registered to SWOG treatment protocols for loss of the Rb gene product end p53 overexpression: (1) 89 patients with de novo ALL, and (2) 26 patients with relapsed/refractory ALL. The groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, and race. Cell lysates (greater than or equal to 80% blasts) were analyzed by immunoblotting which enabled detection of Rb or p53 proteins in as little as 1 mu g of lysate. Loss of Rb expression (pRbneg) was found in 54/85 (64%) de novo and 11/19 (58%) relapsed patients (P = 0.79). Overexpression of p53 (p53abn), indicative of p53 point mutations, was found in 16/75 (21%) de novo and 8/19 (42%) relapsed patients (P = 0.08). Using a nonisotopic RNase cleavage assay, p53 point mutations in exons 5-9 were confirmed in 14/23 (61%) p53abn specimens. For the de novo ALL group, patients with normal Rb protein had higher WBC and higher peripheral blast and lymphocyte counts. Otherwise neither abnormal Rb or p53 expression correlated with any of a large panel of clinical and laboratory variables including FAB class, blast lineage, expression of myeloid antigens or CD34, and presence of the Ph1 chromosome or BCR-ABL. Analyses of treatment outcomes demonstrated no significant impact of Rb or p53 status alone on CR rates, relapse-free or overall survival. An identical percentage (11%) of both de novo and relapsed/refractory patients had concurrent abnormalities of both Rb and p53 expression (pRbneg/p53abn). The survival curve of these patients suggests an increased rate of early death, but the number of patients in this group was small. Summarizing, (1) loss of Rb expression is common in adult ALL; (2) overexpression of p53 may be more frequent in relapsed/refractory than de novo adult ALL; and (3) although Rb or p53 alterations alone are not strong independent predictors of outcome, their concurrent expression may predict a poor response to therapy. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, DIV HEMATOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR, SW ONCOL GRP, CTR STAT, SEATTLE, WA 98104 USA. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR, DIV CLIN RES, SEATTLE, WA 98104 USA. ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, MEMPHIS, TN 38105 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT MED, SEATTLE, WA USA. SW ONCOL GRP, LEUKEMIA BIOL PROGRAM, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA32102, CA54174, CA60432] NR 45 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0887-6924 J9 LEUKEMIA JI Leukemia PD DEC PY 1996 VL 10 IS 12 BP 1901 EP 1910 PG 10 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA VZ830 UT WOS:A1996VZ83000009 PM 8946929 ER PT J AU Li, SL Valente, AJ Zhao, SJ Clark, RA AF Li, SL Valente, AJ Zhao, SJ Clark, RA TI PU.1 is essential for p47phox promoter activity in myeloid cells. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD DEC PY 1996 VL 7 SU S BP 840 EP 840 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA WB018 UT WOS:A1996WB01800840 ER PT J AU Valente, AJ Abramova, MA Pearson, DW Clark, RA AF Valente, AJ Abramova, MA Pearson, DW Clark, RA TI Identification of a retinoblastoma control element in the promoter of human calreticulin. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD DEC PY 1996 VL 7 SU S BP 3071 EP 3071 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA WB018 UT WOS:A1996WB01803061 ER PT J AU Singaram, C Sweet, MA Gaumnitz, EA Bass, P Snipes, RL AF Singaram, C Sweet, MA Gaumnitz, EA Bass, P Snipes, RL TI Evaluation of early events in the creation of amyenteric opossum model of achalasia SO NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY LA English DT Article DE achalasia; animal model; benzalkonium chloride; enteric nervous system; myenteric neurons; nitric oxide ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; DENERVATED RAT; NADPH DIAPHORASE; GUINEA-PIG; INTESTINE; NEURONS; ESOPHAGUS; JEJUNUM; DILATATION AB Benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride (BAG) has previously been used to create amyenteric rat jejunal models. Fifteen opossums (D. virginiana) were injected with 10-15 mi, 4 mM BAG or saline in the distal oesophagus and along with controls underwent oesophagoscopy, manometry and barium oesophagrams. Atropine and sodium nitroprusside were studied in six of the BAG-treated and five controls using oesophageal manometry. Histologically several neuronal markers, B-NADPH-diaphorase and acetylcholine esterase histochemical staining were used. NADPH-diaphorase activity was assayed at the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) and 3 and 5 cm above LOS in both groups. Oesophagoscopy of the treated animals showed no mucosal inflammation, or strictures. Manometrically, LOS pressures were significantly higher in the BAG-treated group (25.7 +/- 8.6 mmHg) when compared to controls (8.7 +/- 1.8 mmHg). The oesophageal contraction amplitudes were similar in both groups. While sodium nitroprusside (SNP) significantly reduced the LOS pressure, atropine did not alter the resting LOS pressure in the BAG-treated animals. Histologically at the LOS the treated group showed: (i) absence of myenteric neurons, in contrast to prominent NADPH-diaphorase and other neuron and peptide markers in the control and (ii) increase in the number of nerve bundles that were not positive for AchE. No differences were seen in the oesophageal body between the groups. The NADPH-diaphorase assay showed a significant decrease of activity in the BAG-treated LOS, but no differences in the oesophageal body compared to controls. Several of these radiologic, manometric and histological observations resemble features of achalasia and the mechanism of the tonic pressure increase at this early time point appears to be due to a non-cholinergic mechanism. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH PHARM,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. MADISON VA GRECC,MADISON,WI. RP Singaram, C (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP,DIV GASTROENTEROL,SCH MED,H6-510,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 02470] NR 39 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 1350-1925 J9 NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL JI Neurogastroenterol. Motil. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 8 IS 4 BP 351 EP 361 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2982.1996.tb00273.x PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA VX723 UT WOS:A1996VX72300008 PM 8959739 ER PT J AU Mega, MS Masterman, DL Benson, DF Vinters, HV Tomiyasu, U Craig, AH Foti, DJ Kaufer, D Scharre, DW Fairbanks, L Cummings, JL AF Mega, MS Masterman, DL Benson, DF Vinters, HV Tomiyasu, U Craig, AH Foti, DJ Kaufer, D Scharre, DW Fairbanks, L Cummings, JL TI Dementia with Lewy bodies: Reliability and validity of clinical and pathologic criteria SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE CERAD; SUPRANUCLEAR GAZE PALSY; BODY DISEASE; SENILE DEMENTIA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; FEATURES; VARIANT; PROGRESSION; CONSORTIUM; IMPAIRMENT AB Clinical criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) have been proposed, but their formulation, reliability, and validity require further study. Pathologic criteria for DLB are also undergoing evolution. Two studies were conducted with the goal of identifying the components of these evolving criteria that may benefit from further refinement; one study evaluated the components of the clinical criteria and another study operationalized the pathologic criteria for DLB. Twenty-four patients with a premorbid diagnosis of probable or possible Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 18), Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 5), or progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) (n = 1) were studied, Inter-rater reliability and validity of the clinical criteria were determined by a retrospective chart review, done by five neurologists, and a blinded pathologic evaluation. The Consortium on dementia with Lewy bodies (CDLB) pathologic criteria were operationalized to compare past criteria and test the validity of the evolving clinical criteria on the dementia patients. Three or more cortical fields (at 250x magnification) with many (four or more) Lewy bodies (LBs) on ubiquitin immunoreactive sections were required to meet the CDLB neocortical score of >6. Fifteen of the AD patients had at least one LB in a cortical section, four had many LBs, while three had no LBs; all patients with movement disorder had at least one LB in a cortical section. The sensitivity/specificity ratio of the CDLB probable DLB clinical criteria based upon many LBs being present was 75%/79%. Reformulated clinical criteria that require the presence of extrapyramidal signs significantly predicted those patients with many LBs versus those with few or no LBs (chi(2) = 5.48, p = 0.02) and increased clinical specificity to 100%. This preliminary study identifies components of the evolving clinical and pathologic criteria for DLB that require further refinement. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SECT NEUROPATHOL,DEPT LAB SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT NEUROL,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT NEUROL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RP Mega, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,710 WESTWOOD PLAZA,LOS ANGELES,CA 90025, USA. RI Scharre, Douglas/E-4030-2011 FU NIA NIH HHS [P30, AG10123] NR 63 TC 144 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 2 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD DEC PY 1996 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1403 EP 1409 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VX507 UT WOS:A1996VX50700010 PM 8960718 ER PT J AU DupontVersteegden, EE Kitten, AM Katz, MS McCarter, RJ AF DupontVersteegden, EE Kitten, AM Katz, MS McCarter, RJ TI Elevated levels of albumin in soleus and diaphragm muscles of mdx mice SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DUCHENNE MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; HINDLIMB MUSCLES; MOUSE DIAPHRAGM; X-CHROMOSOME; MUTANT MICE; MEMBRANE; PERMEABILITY; REGENERATION; DISRUPTIONS AB Muscle damage is often associated with an influx of extracellular fluid containing albumin into the muscle, Muscles affected by muscular dystrophy undergo severe muscle damage; therefore, the hypothesis was tested that muscles of dystrophic (mdx) mice contain elevated levels of albumin, Albumin levels in diaphragm (DIA) and soleus (SOL) muscles of control and mdx mice were measured at 3 months and 1 year of age, Albumin in mdx DIA at 1 year of age was twice that of control, In mdx SOL at 1 year of age albumin was increased 25% compared with control, The increase in albumin correlates well with the decline in function in mdx DIA and SOL muscles, Electron microscopy of muscles suggests that albumin is co-localized with transverse tubules of muscle fibers and thus may be mainly located in extracellular fluid. We conclude that albumin is elevated in muscles affected by muscular dystrophy and suggest that this may be of clinical importance in view of substances bound to albumin under physiological conditions. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 213 IS 3 BP 281 EP 286 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA WA581 UT WOS:A1996WA58100009 PM 8985313 ER PT J AU Felker, B Yazel, JJ Short, D AF Felker, B Yazel, JJ Short, D TI Mortality and medical comorbidity among psychiatric patients: A review SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; IOWA RECORD-LINKAGE; PHYSICAL ILLNESS; FOLLOW-UP; AFFECTIVE-DISORDERS; ACCIDENTAL DEATHS; EXCESS MORTALITY; MENTAL-ILLNESS; PHOBIC ANXIETY; OUTPATIENTS AB Objectives: To fuel advocacy for improved health care for mentally ill persons, the authors reviewed the literature that describes excess mortality and underrecognition and undertreatment of comorbid medical conditions in this population. Barriers to optimal primary medical care for psychiatric patients are discussed. Methods: A MEDLINE search focusing on mortality rind medical problems in psychiatric patients yielded 66 papers in English published between 1934 and 1996. These studies and a German paper from 1912 are included in the review. Results and Conclusions: Standardized mortality ratios for psychiatric patients, derived from comparisons with the general population and matched control groups, have repeatedly demonstrated excess mortality from both natural and unnatural causes among psychiatric patients. Several large studies that have attempted to clarify the issues underlying increased death rates are discussed. Although no single diagnostic group emerges as being at particularly high risk, substance abuse disorders alone or in combination with other psychiatric disorders have been repeatedly found to lend to increased mortality rates. Other studies have also repeatedly demonstrated that psychiatric patients suffer a high rate of comorbid medical illnesses, which are largely undiagnosed and untreated and which may cause or exacerbate psychiatric symptoms. Atypical presentations are common, and changes in vision are the symptoms most predictive of medical illness. Elderly patients and those with diagnoses of organic brain syndromes are at highest risk for comorbid medical illness. Parity in the medical and mental health treatment of psychiatric patients requires both political advocacy and development of primary care programs capable of efficiently meeting their needs. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,MENTAL HLTH SERV,SEATTLE,WA 98108. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT RESIDENCY PROGRAM,SALEM,VA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,SALEM,VA. UNIV VIRGINIA,MED CTR,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA. RP Felker, B (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 67 TC 225 Z9 228 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 47 IS 12 BP 1356 EP 1363 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA VV250 UT WOS:A1996VV25000010 PM 9117475 ER PT J AU Moriarty, HJ Carroll, R Cotroneo, M AF Moriarty, HJ Carroll, R Cotroneo, M TI Differences in bereavement reactions within couples following death of a child SO RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH LA English DT Article ID NEONATAL DEATH; SOCIAL SUPPORT; INFANT DEATH; PARENTS; GRIEF; DEPRESSION; INTERVENTION; VALIDATION; SCL-90 AB Differences in distress within couples who have experienced the sudden death of a child were examined. Results from two independent samples (N = 50 couples and N = 60 couples) were compared. The SCL-90-R and the BSI were used to measure global psychological distress and distress in nine symptom dimensions. Paired t tests revealed similar findings in the two samples: Within couples, women had significantly greater global distress than men and significantly greater distress than men in most symptom dimensions. Hostility scores within couples were similar and indicated a high level of hostility. The findings may explain relational problems observed within bereaved couples. Interventions designed to help couples cope with their differences and their hostility may decrease relational problems. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. SALISBURY STATE UNIV,SALISBURY,CT. UNIV PENN,SCH NURSING,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Moriarty, HJ (reprint author), VILLANOVA UNIV,COLL NURSING,VILLANOVA,PA 19085, USA. FU NINR NIH HHS [NR06272, NR97036, NR07036] NR 41 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0160-6891 J9 RES NURS HEALTH JI Res. Nurs. Health PD DEC PY 1996 VL 19 IS 6 BP 461 EP 469 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199612)19:6<461::AID-NUR2>3.0.CO;2-M PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA VV921 UT WOS:A1996VV92100003 PM 8948400 ER PT J AU Robbins, J AF Robbins, J TI Normal swallowing and aging SO SEMINARS IN NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOTOR FUNCTION; AGE; SPHINCTER; PERFORMANCE; PHARYNGEAL; ABNORMALITIES; SENSITIVITY; INDIVIDUALS; MUSCLES; REFLEX C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. RP Robbins, J (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC 11G,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS24427] NR 69 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 SN 0271-8235 J9 SEMIN NEUROL JI Semin. Neurol. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1055/s-2008-1040989 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WU475 UT WOS:A1996WU47500003 PM 9112310 ER PT J AU Morgan, BJ AF Morgan, BJ TI Acute and chronic cardiovascular responses to sleep disordered breathing SO SLEEP LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Sleep and Respiration CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1996 CL CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA DE obstructive sleep apnea; arterial pressure; sympathetic nervous system; hypertension ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; EPISODIC HYPOXIA; SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY; APNEA; HYPOXEMIA; ELEVATION AB Episodes of sleep disordered breathing are surprisingly common in asymptomatic, middle-aged individuals. The majority of these events are hypopneas, rather than apneas. Even though these events cause rather modest decreases in arterial oxygen saturation, they evoke substantial increases in arterial pressure. In this population, mild to moderate sleep disordered breathing is associated with elevated daytime blood pressure. The mechanisms responsible for the acute and chronic cardiovascular effects of sleep disordered breathing are incompletely understood. Chemoreflex mechanisms appear to be more important than intrathoracic pressure changes in causing the acute elevation in arterial pressure that occurs after obstructive sleep apnea. Arousal from sleep may contribute to this presser response, either in an additive or synergistic manner. Relatively brief exposure to combined hypoxia and hypercapnia during wakefulness can produce an increase in sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle that persists after return to room air breathing. This lingering post-asphyxic effect on sympathetic outflow may be the basis of chronically elevated sympathetic nervous system activity which accompanies sleep apnea syndrome and may contribute to sustained hypertension in these individuals. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. RP Morgan, BJ (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT KINESIOL,MED SCI CTR 5175,1300 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SLEEP DISORDERS ASSOC PI ROCHESTER PA 1610 14TH STREET NW SUITE 300, ROCHESTER, MN 55806 SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD DEC PY 1996 VL 19 IS 10 SU S BP S206 EP S209 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WP543 UT WOS:A1996WP54300019 PM 9085512 ER PT J AU Ashton, CM Wray, NP AF Ashton, CM Wray, NP TI A conceptual framework for the study of early readmission as an indicator of quality of care SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE readmission; quality of care; process-outcome studies; evaluation ID HOSPITAL-CARE; PROSPECTIVE PAYMENT; CONTROLLED TRIAL; INPATIENT CARE; DISCHARGE; RATES; LENGTH; STAY; ASSOCIATION; VETERANS AB Despite the perennial popularity of readmission as an indicator of the quality of hospital care, the empiric evidence linking it to process-of-care problems during the prior hospitalization is inconsistent. We devised a conceptual model for the use of unscheduled readmission within 31 days as an indicator of the quality of medical-surgical inpatient care for adults, and then conducted a systematic review of the readmission literature to determine the extent to which the evidence supports the proposed relationships. A fairly complex web of relationships influences the association between the process of inpatient care and early readmission. From the evidence to date, it is impossible to say with confidence that early readmission is or is not a valid and useful quality indicator. In most negative studies, the absence of an association appears to be explainable on the basis of improper study design, omission of important variables, or mis-specification of variables. Variables intervening between or confounding the relationship of the process of inpatient care to early readmission have received inadequate attention in past work. Investigators can use the proposed model and literature review to ensure their work advances the field and puts the hypothesis that early readmission is a valid quality indicator to a rigorous test. This matter has a certain urgency in view of the vast amount of resources that providers and payers devote to monitoring readmission rates and reviewing readmissions. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP Ashton, CM (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 152,2002 HOLCOMBE,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 39 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 3 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD DEC PY 1996 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1533 EP 1541 DI 10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00049-4 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA VV899 UT WOS:A1996VV89900002 PM 8961397 ER PT J AU Young, B Moore, WS Robertson, JT Toole, JF Ernst, CB Cohen, SN Broderick, JP Dempsey, RJ Hosking, JD AF Young, B Moore, WS Robertson, JT Toole, JF Ernst, CB Cohen, SN Broderick, JP Dempsey, RJ Hosking, JD TI An analysis of perioperative surgical mortality and morbidity in the asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis study SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE carotid endarterectomy; carotid stenosis; clinical trials; complications ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; POSTOPERATIVE HYPERTENSION; CONVENTIONAL ANGIOGRAPHY; ELDERLY PATIENTS; ARTERY STENOSIS; MR-ANGIOGRAPHY; ENDARTERECTOMY; COMPLICATIONS; EFFICACY AB Background and Purpose Our aim was to determine the perioperative morbidity and mortality rates of patients in the surgical arm of the multi-institutional, prospective, randomized Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS). Methods Of 828 patients with carotid stenosis of 60% or more randomized to the surgical arm of ACAS, 721 underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA). To qualify for participation, surgeons were required to have performed at least 12 CEAs per year with a combined neurological morbidity and mortality rate no greater than 3% for asymptomatic patients and 5% for symptomatic patients. Clinical centers had to demonstrate arteriographic morbidity less than 1% and mortality less than 0.1% per year. Primary events were stroke and death in the period between randomization and 30 days after surgery; secondary events were transient ischemic attack and myocardial infarction occurring in the same period. Results Of the 721 patients who underwent CEA, 1 died and 10 others had strokes within 30 days (1.5%). Of the 415 who underwent arteriography after randomization but before CEA, 5 (1.2%) suffered transient ischemic attack or stroke caused by arteriography. Thus, a nearly equal risk of stroke was associated with both CEA and carotid arteriography. In addition, 6 transient ischemic attacks and 3 myocardial infarctions could be directly linked to CEA, for a total CEA event rate of 2.6%. Conclusions Patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis exceeding 60% reduction in diameter who are acceptable candidates for elective operation may be considered for CEA if the combined arteriographic and surgical complication rates are 3% or less. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY,ALBERT B CHANDLER MED CTR,LEXINGTON,KY 40536. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NEUROSURG,MEMPHIS,TN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. HENRY FORD HOSP,DEPT VASC SURG,DETROIT,MI 48202. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC. UNIV CINCINNATI,COLL MED,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Young, B (reprint author), WAKE FOREST UNIV,BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,MED CTR,ACAS,EDITORIAL OFF,STROKE CTR,MED CTR BLVD,WINSTON SALEM,NC 27157, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS22611] NR 28 TC 123 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD DEC PY 1996 VL 27 IS 12 BP 2216 EP 2224 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VY009 UT WOS:A1996VY00900012 PM 8969784 ER PT J AU Murai, H Murakami, S Ishida, K Sugawara, M AF Murai, H Murakami, S Ishida, K Sugawara, M TI Elevated serum interleukin-6 and decreased thyroid hormone levels in postoperative patients and effects of IL-6 on thyroid cell function in vitro SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; FACTOR-ALPHA-CACHECTIN; SURGICAL STRESS; NONTHYROIDAL ILLNESSES; GENE-EXPRESSION; THYROXINE; METABOLISM; PEROXIDASE; 3,5,3'-TRIIODOTHYRONINE; OPERATION AB We studied a wide variety of surgical patients to determine whether serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) correlate with the changes in serum thyroid hormone levels of the postoperative period. Surgical procedures were divided into minor surgery (cholecystectomy, n = 12), moderate surgery (colorectal cancer and stomach cancer, n = 54), and extensive surgery (esophageal cancer or pancreatic cancer, n = 6). One day after surgery, serum free T-3 levels decreased in all 3 groups when compared to the preoperative values; serum free T-4 levels did not change regardless of surgical procedure. Serum TSH levels decreased significantly 1 day after surgery in the groups of moderate and extensive surgery. Serum levels of IL-6 increased 12 h after surgery and began to decrease gradually thereafter. There was no change in serum levels of TNF-alpha before and after surgery. The increment of serum IL-6 was dependent on the surgical procedures: the more extensive the surgery, the greater the increase in serum IL-6. Serum free T-3 and free T-4 levels were inversely correlated with the serum levels of IL-6. To further examine whether IL-6 is responsible for alteration of thyroid hormone production, cultured porcine thyroid follicles were exposed to 0 to 20 ng/ml of recombinant human IL-6 for 24 to 48 h. Then, type 1 5'-deiodinase activity (T-4 to T-3 converting enzyme), iodide uptake, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activity were measured. Our in vitro experiments showed no effect of IL-6 on these parameters. In summary, surgical procedure can cause elevation of serum IL-6 and decrease in serum free T-3 levels. However, IL-6 alone does not appear to be a strong candidate for alteration of thyroid hormone production including T-3 generation from T-4. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Murai, H (reprint author), SAITAMA MED SCH,DEPT SURG 2,38 MOROHONGO,MOROYAMA,SAITAMA 35004,JAPAN. NR 35 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS 6 BP 601 EP 606 DI 10.1089/thy.1996.6.601 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WC354 UT WOS:A1996WC35400008 PM 9001195 ER PT J AU Dratman, MB Gordon, JT AF Dratman, MB Gordon, JT TI Thyroid hormones as neurotransmitters SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAT-BRAIN; FILM AUTORADIOGRAPHY; BINDING-SITES; TRIIODOTHYRONINE; LOCALIZATION; TRANSPORT; THYROXINE; RECEPTOR; 5'-DEIODINASE AB During brain development, before the apparatus of neurotransmission has been set into place, many neurotransmitters act as growth regulators. In adult brain, their role in neurotransmission comes to the fore but neuronal plasticity and other growth-related processes are their continuing responsibility. This has been clearly demonstrated for catecholamines. Previous as well as recent evidence now indicates that thyroid hormones may participate in the developing and adult brain through similar mechanisms. Immunohistochemical mapping of brain triiodothyronine (antibody specificity established by numerous appropriate tests) demonstrated that the hormone was concentrated in both noradrenergic centers and noradrenergic projection sites. In the centers (locus coeruleus and lateral tegmental system) triiodothyronine staining, like that of tyrosine hydroxylase, was heavily concentrated in cytosol and cell processes. By contrast, in noradrenergic targets, label was most prominent in cell nuclei. Combined biochemical and morphologic data allows a construct of thyroid hormone circuitry to unfold: The locus coeruleus is conveniently located just beneath the ependyma of the 4th ventricle. Thyroxine, entering the brain via the choroid plexus, is preferentially delivered to subependymal brain structures. High concentrations of locus coeruleus norepinephrine promote active conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine, leading to the preeminence of the locus coeruleus as a site of triiodothyronine concentration. Results of treatment with the locus coeruleus neurotoxin DSP-4 established that axonal transport accounts for delivery of both triiodothyronine and norepinephrine from locus coeruleus to noradrenergic terminal fields. The apparatus for transduction of thyronergic and noradrenergic signals at both membrane and nuclear sites resides in the postsynaptic target cells. Upon internalization of hormone in post-synaptic target cells, genomic effects of triiodothyronine, norepinephrine, and/or their second messengers are possible and expected. The evidence establishes a direct morphologic connection between central thyronergic and noradrenergic systems, supporting earlier proposals that triiodothyronine or its proximate metabolites may serve as cotransmitters with norepinephrine in the adrenergic nervous system. C1 ALLEGHENY UNIV HLTH SCI,MCP HAHNNEMAN SCH MED,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Dratman, MB (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED RES SERV,38TH & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU PHS HHS [45252] NR 35 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD DEC PY 1996 VL 6 IS 6 BP 639 EP 647 DI 10.1089/thy.1996.6.639 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA WC354 UT WOS:A1996WC35400014 PM 9001201 ER PT J AU Meyer, TJ Prochazka, AV Hannaford, M Fryer, GE AF Meyer, TJ Prochazka, AV Hannaford, M Fryer, GE TI Randomized controlled trial of residents as gatekeepers SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL-CARE; SATISFACTION; POPULATION AB Background: Managed care advocates suggest that primary care gatekeepers may improve patient care and reduce costs. Training internal medicine residents in these gatekeeping functions has not been emphasized in most internal medicine programs. Objective: To determine if residents could perform gatekeeper functions and if patient costs and satisfaction would be favorable. Methods: Patients (n=254) followed up by residents (n=26) in continuity clinics at the Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Denver, Cole, were divided into 2 groups. A control group of 128 was followed up by residents with no restrictions on appointments made for them. An intervention group of 126 patients were followed up by residents who had to approve all referrals made for their patients. A research nurse assisted with the approvals when the residents were rotating through other institutions. Utilization of resources, satisfaction with care, and health status were monitored over a 1-year period. Results: A minor reduction of resource utilization was found in the intervention group, particularly in medication use. Significantly more visits were made to primary care providers in the intervention group (3.01 vs 2.59; P=.03). Patient satisfaction and health status were similar in both groups with a trend toward better satisfaction in the intervention group in some areas. Conclusions: Our study showed that residents can function as gatekeepers of highly complex patients and that satisfaction with care and utilization of resources does not suffer. Drug utilization and costs may be less when a gatekeeper exists. C1 UNIV COLORADO, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT FAMILY MED, DENVER, CO USA. RP Meyer, TJ (reprint author), DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, 1055 CLERMONT, DENVER, CO 80220 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0003-9926 EI 1538-3679 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD NOV 25 PY 1996 VL 156 IS 21 BP 2483 EP 2487 DI 10.1001/archinte.156.21.2483 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VU816 UT WOS:A1996VU81600010 PM 8944741 ER PT J AU Morara, S Brecha, NC Marcotti, W Provini, L Rosina, A AF Morara, S Brecha, NC Marcotti, W Provini, L Rosina, A TI Neuronal and glial localization of the GABA transporter GAT-1 in the cerebellar cortex SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE cerebellum; Purkinje cell; basket cell; stellate cell; astrocyte; Bergmann glia; immunohistochemistry; rat; GABA uptake ID RAT-BRAIN; MESSENGER-RNA; CLONING; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB THE distribution and neuronal or glial localization of GAT-1, a high affinity GABA transporter, in the cerebellar cortex was analysed by means of double-label immunofluorescence experiments with GAT-1 combined with calbindin D, synaptophysin, or GFAP antibodies. In the Purkinje cell (Pc) layer, prominent synaptic GAT-1-immunoreactivity (IR) was found in the axon terminals of basket cells surrounding the Pc axon hillock. GAT-1-IR was also found in neuronal and glial processes ensheathing Pc somata and dendrites. Numerous immunoreactive fibres and puncta originating from basket and stellate cells, or from Golgi cells, were also detected in the molecular or granular layer, respectively. These observations suggest that GAT-1 is involved in the termination of the action of GABA at the inhibitory synapses of all cerebellar interneurones, primarily of basket cell terminals at the Pc axon hillock. GAT-1 in the astroglial processes presumably plays the additional role of regulating the extracellular concentrations of GABA. C1 CNR,IST NEUROSCI & BIOIMMAGINI,I-20131 MILAN,ITALY. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV MILAN,IST FISIOL GEN CHIM BIOL,I-20134 MILAN,ITALY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RI Morara, Stefano/F-7640-2015 OI Morara, Stefano/0000-0002-1742-1712 FU PHS HHS [NEI 04067] NR 20 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD NOV 25 PY 1996 VL 7 IS 18 BP 2993 EP 2996 DI 10.1097/00001756-199611250-00039 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WB359 UT WOS:A1996WB35900039 PM 9116226 ER PT J AU Paglia, DE Walford, RL AF Paglia, DE Walford, RL TI Hematologic response to prolonged normobaric hypoxia and caloric restriction in biosphere-2 crew: Increased Hgb-O-2 affinity without erythrocytosis. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HEMATOL RES LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 20 EP 20 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98300020 ER PT J AU Feliers, D Woodruff, KA Abboud, SL AF Feliers, D Woodruff, KA Abboud, SL TI Interferon-gamma regulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-4 expression in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 410 EP 410 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98300410 ER PT J AU Bauer, TR Winkler, A Andrews, RG Hickstein, DD AF Bauer, TR Winkler, A Andrews, RG Hickstein, DD TI The baboon as an animal model for gene transfer in leukocyte adherence deficiency. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1091 EP 1091 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98301091 ER PT J AU Yonemura, Y Ku, H Kawakita, M Lyman, SD Ogawa, M AF Yonemura, Y Ku, H Kawakita, M Lyman, SD Ogawa, M TI In vitro expansion of hematopoietic progenitors and maintenance of stem cells: Comparison between FLT3/FLK-2 ligand and kit ligand. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 KUMAMOTO UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED 2,KUMAMOTO 860,JAPAN. IMMUNEX CO,SEATTLE,WA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1183 EP 1183 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98301183 ER PT J AU LoCicero, R Shen, Q Harris, K AF LoCicero, R Shen, Q Harris, K TI The tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 is deficient in polycythemia vera peripheral blood mononuclear cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1735 EP 1735 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98301735 ER PT J AU Ritchie, K Aprikian, A BowenPope, D Conyers, S Sitnicka, E Bartelmez, S Hickstein, D AF Ritchie, K Aprikian, A BowenPope, D Conyers, S Sitnicka, E Bartelmez, S Hickstein, D TI The tel-PDGFR beta fusion gene associated with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia produces a chronic myeloproliferative syndrome in transgenic mice. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SEATTLE BIOMED RES INST,VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA 98109. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT PATHOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT PATHOBIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,SEATTLE,WA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1907 EP 1907 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98301907 ER PT J AU Herbert, V AF Herbert, V TI Anti-hyperhomocysteinemic supplemental folic acid & vitamin B-12 are significantly destroyed in gastric juice if co-ingested with supplemental vitamin C and iron. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1957 EP 1957 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98301957 ER PT J AU Herbrecht, R Andres, E Letscher, V Graybill, JR Razmpour, A Gurwith, M Oberling, F AF Herbrecht, R Andres, E Letscher, V Graybill, JR Razmpour, A Gurwith, M Oberling, F TI Treatment with high cumulative doses of amphotericin B colloidal dispersion. Efficacy and tolerance in 96 patients. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOP UNIV STRASBOURG,STRASBOURG,FRANCE. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. SEQUUS PHARMACEUT INC,MENLO PK,CA. RI Herbrecht, Raoul/D-3471-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1996 EP 1996 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98301996 ER PT J AU Shen, Q Nair, M Harris, K AF Shen, Q Nair, M Harris, K TI The soluble erythropoietin receptor expressed in yeast requires the WSXWS domain for secretion. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2185 EP 2185 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT983 UT WOS:A1996VT98302185 ER PT J AU Sullivan, R Romero, E AF Sullivan, R Romero, E TI Evidence that at least two types of K+ channels comprise the voltage-dependent outward current of the rat megakaryocyte. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VA MED CTR,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VA MED CTR,DEPT MOL PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VA MED CTR,RES SERV,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2924 EP 2924 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT986 UT WOS:A1996VT98600185 ER PT J AU Dong, JF Krause, S Lopez, JA AF Dong, JF Krause, S Lopez, JA TI Differential effects of blocking antibodies on shear- and modulator-induced platelet aggregation SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HEMATOL ONCOL SECT,VA MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2932 EP 2932 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT986 UT WOS:A1996VT98600193 ER PT J AU Lumelsky, NL Schwartz, BS AF Lumelsky, NL Schwartz, BS TI Signalling through protein kinase C may determine lineage selection during erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,SECT HEMATOL,MADISON,WI. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3199 EP 3199 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VT986 UT WOS:A1996VT98600460 ER PT J AU Carabello, BA AF Carabello, BA TI Aortic regurgitation in women - Does the measuring stick need a change? SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE editorials; regurgitation; aorta; surgery ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR FUNCTION; VALVE-REPLACEMENT; ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS; NATURAL-HISTORY; DYSFUNCTION; SURVIVAL; DETERMINANTS; PERFORMANCE; REVERSAL; TIME C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 10 BP 2355 EP 2357 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VT114 UT WOS:A1996VT11400002 PM 8921771 ER PT J AU Johnson, J Chen, TK Rickman, DW Evans, C Brecha, NC AF Johnson, J Chen, TK Rickman, DW Evans, C Brecha, NC TI Multiple gamma-aminobutyric acid plasma membrane transporters (GAT-1, GAT-2, GAT-3) in the rat retina SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE neurotransmitter transporter; amacrine cells; retina pigment epithelium; nonpigmented ciliary epithelium; glia cells ID GABA-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; CARRIER-MEDIATED RELEASE; MACAQUE MONKEY RETINA; HORIZONTAL CELLS; RABBIT RETINA; GLUTAMATE-DECARBOXYLASE; AMACRINE CELLS; GLIAL-CELLS; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; NEUROTRANSMITTER TRANSPORTERS AB gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) plasma membrane transporters (GATs) influence synaptic neurotransmission by high-affinity uptake and release of GABA. The distribution and cellular localization of GAT-1, GAT-2, and GAT-3 in the rat retina have been evaluated by using affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies directed to the C terminus of each of these GAT subtypes. Small GAT-1-immunoreactive cell bodies were located in the proximal inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL), and processes were distributed to all laminae of the interplexiform layer (IPL). Varicose processes were in the optic fiber layer (OFL) and the outer plexiform layer (OPL). Weak GAT-1 immunostaining surrounded cells in the INL and GCL, and it was found in the OFL and OPL and in numerous processes in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) that ended at the outer limiting membrane. GAT-1 is therefore strongly expressed by amacrine, displaced amacrine, and interplexiform cells and weakly expressed by Muller cells. GAT-2 immunostaining was observed in the retina pigment epithelium and the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium. GAT-3 immunoreactivity was distributed to the OFL, to all laminae of the IPL, GCL and INL, and to processes in the ONL that ended at the outer limiting membrane. Small GAT-3-immunoreactive cell bodies were in the proximal INL and GCL. GAT-3 is therefore strongly expressed by Muller cells, and by some amacrine and displaced amacrine cells. Together, these observations demonstrate a heterologous distribution of GATs in the retina. These transporters are likely to take up GABA from, and perhaps release GABA into, the synaptic cleft and extracellular space. This suggests that GATs regulate GABA levels in these areas and thus influence synaptic neurotransmission. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,JULES STEIN EYE INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. ST LOUIS UNIV,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63104. ST LOUIS UNIV,ANHEUSER BUSCH EYE INST,ST LOUIS,MO 63104. RP Johnson, J (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 115,ROOM 221,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY 04067, R01 EY004067, R01 EY004067-15, R56 EY004067] NR 86 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD NOV 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 2 BP 212 EP 224 PG 13 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA VR073 UT WOS:A1996VR07300003 PM 8915826 ER PT J AU Steiner, JC Halloran, MM Jabamoni, K Emanuele, NV Emanuele, MA AF Steiner, JC Halloran, MM Jabamoni, K Emanuele, NV Emanuele, MA TI Sustained effects of a single injection of ethanol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the male rat SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ethanol; LH; testosterone; LHRH ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; MESSENGER-RNA; BONE MASS; GONADOTROPIN; SECRETION; MEN; LH; OSTEOPOROSIS; EXPRESSION; GENES AB The hormones responsible for regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis are essential for proper reproductive function, Ethanol (EtOH) has been shown to exert its effects at all three levels of this axis. The present study defines striking differences in the time course of recovery of luteinizing hormone (LH) in gonadally intact, compared with, castrated male rats after acute EtOH administration, Serum levels of LH and testosterone were measured at various time points up to 2 weeks (1.5, 3, 24, 48, 72, 96, 168, and 336 hr) after a single intraperitoneal injection of either saline or 3 g/kg of EtOH in intact adult male rats, One EtOH injection significantly suppressed testosterone levels to as low as 20% (p < 0.01) of saline-injected intact rats, This occurred as early as 1.5 hr after EtOH administration (the first measured time point), and statistically significant suppression was sustained for 96 hr, Similarly, LH levels showed a significant decrease, However, this significant fall in LH did not begin until 3 hr (p < 0.05) and continued up to 96 hr (p < 0.01), with a gradual return to control levels at 168 and 336 hr after treatment, Despite the significant and prolonged fail in testosterone levels in the EtOH-treated intact rats, beta-LH mRNA levels were inappropriately not elevated, as would be expected in the context of low circulating testosterone. However, at 168 and 336 hr, steady-state levels of beta-LH mRNA were significantly higher than seen in saline-injected controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), temporally correlating with the return of serum LH to control. LH levels in the castrated animals were significantly suppressed at 1.5 hr (p < 0.05) and 3 hr (p < 0.01) after EtOH treatment, compared with controls, yet they returned much more quickly by 24 hr after treatment, beta-LH mRNA levels of castrated animals also showed a significant depression at 1.5 and 3 hr, and returned to control levels by 24 hr. In these rats, the hypothalamic LH-releasing hormone mRNA levels were not altered by a single EtOH injection at anytime point, However, in the intact animals, there was a transient increase in LH-releasing hormone mRNA at 72 and 96 hr (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) that may lead to the upregulation of beta-LH mRNA expression, These studies indicate that EtOH causes prolonged decreases in important serum hormones that are essential to the reproductive axis of the adult male rat. C1 LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT MED,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,PROGRAM MOL BIOL,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DIV RES DRUGS ABUSSE,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,RES SERV,HINES,IL 60141. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,MED SERV,HINES,IL 60141. RP Steiner, JC (reprint author), LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT MOL & CELLULAR BIOCHEM,2160 S 1ST AVE,MAYWOOD,IL 60153, USA. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD NOV PY 1996 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1368 EP 1374 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01136.x PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA VU644 UT WOS:A1996VU64400008 PM 8947312 ER PT J AU Grauer, SE Pantely, GA Xu, JP Ge, SP Giraud, GD Shiota, T Sahn, DJ AF Grauer, SE Pantely, GA Xu, JP Ge, SP Giraud, GD Shiota, T Sahn, DJ TI Myocardial imaging with a new transpulmonary lipid-fluorocarbon echo contrast agent: Experimental studies in pigs SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY INTRAVASCULAR MACROPHAGES; PERIPHERAL VENOUS INJECTION; TWO-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; SONICATED DEXTROSE ALBUMIN; COLLATERAL BLOOD-FLOW; CORONARY-OCCLUSION; RISK AREA; 2-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; INTRAVENOUS-INJECTION; INFARCT SIZE AB The development of echo contrast agents that can provide reliable opacification of the myocardium after intravenous injection is an important advancement for the clinical application of contrast echocardiography. In this study, the hemodynamic effects and echocardiographic characteristics of a new lipid-fluorocarbon echo contrast agent, Aerosomes MRX 115 (ImaRx Pharmaceutical Corp., Tucson, Ariz.) were studied in six anesthetized ventilated pigs. Intravenous injection of this new agent in doses ranging from 0.0005 to 0.01 ml/kg produced significant measurable and visible myocardial opacification without any effect on heart rate, systemic pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, or left ventricular systolic function. The two largest doses (0.005 and 0.01 ml/kg), however, resulted in mild reversible increases in mean pulmonary artery pressure of 12 and 16 mm Hg, respectively. In four animals, epicardial images were obtained before and during coronary artery occlusion. Intravenous contrast injection during coronary occlusion permitted delineation of the hypoperfused myocardial segment. This capability may further expand the utility of contrast echocardiography. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,CLIN CARE CTR CONGENITAL HEART DIS,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-62659-03] NR 47 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 132 IS 5 BP 938 EP 945 DI 10.1016/S0002-8703(96)90002-2 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VQ034 UT WOS:A1996VQ03400003 PM 8892764 ER PT J AU Klein, PD Graham, DY Martin, RF AF Klein, PD Graham, DY Martin, RF TI C-13-urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori: A second look analysis - Response SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. MARCHAM ASSOCIATED INC,CONCORD,MA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 91 IS 11 BP 2447 EP 2449 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VT370 UT WOS:A1996VT37000045 ER PT J AU Burton, MP Schneider, BG Brown, R Gulley, ML AF Burton, MP Schneider, BG Brown, R Gulley, ML TI The effect of histologic strains on PCR analysis of microdissected, paraffin-embedded tissues SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 149 IS 5 BP ST18 EP ST18 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VQ237 UT WOS:A1996VQ23700104 ER PT J AU Rajagopalan, S Li, P Fryetes, C AF Rajagopalan, S Li, P Fryetes, C TI Presence of breast cancer cells in peripheral blood stem cell harvests used in autotransplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 METHODIST HOSP,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 149 IS 5 BP ST6 EP ST6 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VQ237 UT WOS:A1996VQ23700092 ER PT J AU CoupayeGerard, B Bookstein, C Duncan, P Chen, XY Smith, PR Musch, M Ernst, SA Chang, EB Kleyman, TR AF CoupayeGerard, B Bookstein, C Duncan, P Chen, XY Smith, PR Musch, M Ernst, SA Chang, EB Kleyman, TR TI Biosynthesis and cell surface delivery of the NHE1 isoform of Na+/H+ exchanger in A6 cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protein sorting; intracellular trafficking; anti-sodium proton exchanger-1 antibody; biotinylation; sodium/proton exchanger ID RAT NA/H EXCHANGER; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GROWTH-FACTOR; EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; H+ EXCHANGER; CDNA CLONING; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR AB The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform NHE1 is localized to the basolateral membrane of renal and intestinal epithelia. We examined the plasma membrane distribution, biosynthesis, and cell surface delivery of NHE1 in A6 epithelia. NHE1 was localized to the basolateral membrane. Studies of NHE1 biosynthesis with a pulse-chase protocol demonstrated that a core glycosylated, endoglycosidase H-sensitive, 90-kDa NHE1 was present 0-5 h into the chase period and that mature 110-kDa NHE1 was present 1-24 h into the chase period. Studies of plasma membrane delivery of newly synthesized NHE1 demonstrated that the 90-kDa NHE1 was detected at both apical and basolateral membranes 2-5 h into the chase period. The 110-kDa NHE1 was observed at the basolateral membrane 5-24 h into the chase period. These results suggest that NHE1 is expressed primarily at the basolateral membrane of A6 cells, that core glycosylated NHE1 is delivered to the plasma membrane in a nonpolarized manner, and that mature 110-kDa NHE1 is delivered to the basolateral membrane. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, MED RES 151, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT MED, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT PHYSIOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV, DEPT PHYSIOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19102 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, DEPT MED, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5 BP C1639 EP C1645 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA VT088 UT WOS:A1996VT08800025 ER PT J AU Levine, S Tikunov, B Henson, D LaManca, J Sweeney, HL AF Levine, S Tikunov, B Henson, D LaManca, J Sweeney, HL TI Creatine depletion elicits structural, biochemical, and physiological adaptations in rat costal diaphragm SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE guanidinopropionic acid; myosin heavy chain isoforms; cross-sectional area of fiber types; fatigability ID HEAVY-CHAIN ISOFORMS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; FIBER TYPES; PHOSPHOCREATINE; FATIGUE; KINASE; UNDERNUTRITION; CONTRACTILITY; TRANSITIONS; DEFICIENT AB To elucidate adaptations elicited by creatine (Cr) depletion in the costal diaphragm (Dia), 16 12-wk-old male Fisher 344 rats had 2% beta-guanidinopropionic acid (beta-GPA), a competitive inhibitor of Cr transport into muscle, added to their food; a control group (Con) of 16 rats ate normal rat chow. After 18 wk, beta-GPA and Con Dia did not differ histochemically with respect to fiber-type distribution; however, the cross-sectional area of type II(b + x) fibers was 33% less in beta-GPA than Con Dia. Biochemically, the proportion of myosin heavy chain IIb in beta-GPA Dia was decreased 42% from Con Dia, whereas the proportions of myosin heavy chains I and IIa were increased. Physiologically, both peak twitch tension and tetanic tension in beta-GPA Dia were decreased 40% from Con. To assess fatigability, we used the protocol of Kelsen and Nochomovitz (J. Appl. Physiol. 53: 440-447, 1982) for 2-6 min duration; the percentage of initial force exhibited by beta-GPA Dia was approximately twice that of Con Dia. We conclude that these structural, biochemical, and physiological adaptations elicited by Cr depletion can all be explained by selective atrophy of IIb muscle fibers in the Dia. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PULM & CRIT CARE SECT, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. RI Sweeney, H Lee/F-1862-2010 NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5 BP C1480 EP C1486 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA VT088 UT WOS:A1996VT08800008 ER PT J AU Takehara, Y Sumii, K Tari, A Yoshihara, M Sumii, M Haruma, K Kajiyama, G Wu, SV Walsh, JH AF Takehara, Y Sumii, K Tari, A Yoshihara, M Sumii, M Haruma, K Kajiyama, G Wu, SV Walsh, JH TI Evidence that endogenous GRP in rat stomach mediates omeprazole-induced hypergastrinemia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gastrin-releasing peptide; gastrin; bombesin antagonist ID GASTRIN-RELEASING PEPTIDE; BOMBESIN; SECRETION; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; EXTRACTION; TISSUE; GENE; RNA AB To investigate the physiological role of endogenous gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) in regulating the release of gastrin, we evaluated the response of intragastric pH, gastrin, and GRP after omeprazole treatment in rats. A significant elevation of the plasma level of GRP (P < 0.01) and a significant reduction of the antral content of GRP (P < 0.05) were observed after the administration of 100 mg/kg omeprazole. The antral content of GRP was significantly decreased 12 h after omeprazole administration and thereafter gradually returned to control levels. Peak values for intragastric pH and plasma GRP were observed 3 h after omeprazole administration and before the peak of serum gastrin. The bombesin antagonist [D-Phe(6)]-bombesin-(6,13)-methyl ester significantly inhibited gastrin release after omeprazole treatment (P < 0.05). These observations indicate that omeprazole-induced inhibition of acid secretion stimulates the release of GRP and suggest that the secretion of GRP induced by omeprazole may stimulate the secretion of gastrin, at least in the early phase. C1 HIROSHIMA UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT INTERNAL MED 1, MINAMI KU, HIROSHIMA 734, JAPAN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5 BP G799 EP G804 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA VT747 UT WOS:A1996VT74700009 PM 8944693 ER PT J AU Levy, ML Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Bravi, D Calvani, M Carta, A AF Levy, ML Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Bravi, D Calvani, M Carta, A TI Longitudinal assessment of symptoms of depression, agitation, and psychosis in 181 patients with Alzheimer's disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Geriatric-Psychiatry CY FEB 14-17, 1996 CL TUCSON, AZ SP Amer Assoc Geriatr Psychiat ID PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; NURSING-HOME; DEMENTIA; SCALE AB Objective: The goal of this study was to define the recurrence or continuation of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease who were observed serially for a 1-year period. Method: One hundred eighty-one patients with probable Alzheimer's disease were assessed five time at 3-month intervals with a standardized neuropsychiatric rating instrument. Results: Recurrence rates of neuropsychiatric symptoms during the 1-year period were 85% for depression, 93% for agitation, and 95% for psychosis. Symptom frequency at any point in time underestimated the cumulative 1-year frequency. Recurrence rates were significantly greater among patients who had multiply symptoms. Women exhibited more symptoms than men. Patients in the oldest age group (76-87 years) had more psychosis, less depression and agitation, and slower cognitive decline. Psychosis was associated with more rapid cognitive decline, and agitation was associated with more rapid functional deterioration. Conclusions: These results indicate that once psychiatric symptoms are present in patients with Alzheimer's disease, they frequently recur. These symptoms vary with age, sex, and rate of illness progression. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. SIGMA TAU PHARMACEUT,GAITHERSBURG,MD. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-10123] NR 23 TC 185 Z9 188 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 153 IS 11 BP 1438 EP 1443 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VP754 UT WOS:A1996VP75400010 PM 8890677 ER PT J AU Kosower, E Berman, N AF Kosower, E Berman, N TI Comparison of pediatric resident and faculty learning styles: Implications for medical education SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE residents; faculty; learning styles; teaching; inventory; medical education ID CAREER CHOICE AB This article compares resident and faculty learning strategies and styles and considers implications for teaching. The Kolb Learning Style Inventory was administered to 17 pediatric residents and 22 faculty in a pediatric department of an urban university-affiliated public medical center in 1991. Four scales-concrete experience (CE), reflective observation (RO), abstract conceptualization (AC), and active experimentation (AE)-are derived from self-ranking groups of words. Combining strategies leads to one of four styles: accommodator, diverger, converger, or assimilator, Analysis of variance and chi-square statistics were used to analyze strongest strategies and styles and to compare groups. It was found that resident and faculty preferred learning strategies and styles were significantly different. Resident strategies were spread primarily between concrete experience (40.5%) and active experimentation (40.5%), whereas faculty clearly preferred abstract conceptualization (77%). Most residents had either an accommodator or diverger learning style (81%), whereas most faculty were either assimilators or convergers (73%), This knowledge of learning strategy preferences and styles may have implications for design and delivery of instruction to residents. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HARBOR MED CTR,TORRANCE,CA 90509. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 312 IS 5 BP 214 EP 218 DI 10.1097/00000441-199611000-00004 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VR279 UT WOS:A1996VR27900004 PM 8900383 ER PT J AU Shea, JA Healey, MJ Berlin, JA Clarke, JR Malet, PF Staroscik, RN Schwartz, JS Williams, SV AF Shea, JA Healey, MJ Berlin, JA Clarke, JR Malet, PF Staroscik, RN Schwartz, JS Williams, SV TI Mortality and complications associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy - A meta-analysis SO ANNALS OF SURGERY LA English DT Review ID BILE-DUCT STONES; INTRAOPERATIVE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY; CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS; SYMPTOMATIC CHOLELITHIASIS; OPERATIVE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY; PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER; LASER CHOLECYSTECTOMY; COMMUNITY EXPERIENCE; INITIAL EXPERIENCE; SURGICAL-TREATMENT AB Objective The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of targe laparoscopic cholecystectomy case-series and compare results concerning complications, particularly bile duct injury, to those reported in open cholecystectomy case-series. Summary Background Data Since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the United States, hundreds of reports about the technique have been published, many including statements about the advantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with those of open cholecystectomy. There is an unevenness in scope and quality of the studies. Nevertheless, enough data have accumulated from large series to permit analyses of data regarding some of the most important issues. Methods Articles identified via a MEDLINE (the National Library of Medicine's computerized database) search were evaluated according to standard criteria. Data regarding the patient sample, study methods, and outcomes of cholecystectomy were abstracted and summarized across studies. Results Outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are examined for 78,747 patients reported on in 98 studies and compared with outcomes of open cholecystectomy for 12,973 patients reported on in 28 studies. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy appears to have a higher common bile duct injury rate and a lower mortality rate. Estimated rates of other types of complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy generally were low. Most conversions followed operative discoveries (e.g., dense adhesions) and were not the result of injury. Conclusions There is wide variability in the amount and type of data reported within any single study, and patient populations may not be comparable across studies. Except for a higher common bile duct injury rate, laparoscopic cholecystectomy appears to be at least as safe a procedure as that of open cholecystectomy. C1 UNIV PENN,DIV GASTROENTEROL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT SURG,CTR CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. ALLEGHANY UNIV,DEPT SURG,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Shea, JA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,RALSTON HOUSE 318,615 CHESTNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS06481] NR 140 TC 246 Z9 266 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-4932 J9 ANN SURG JI Ann. Surg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 224 IS 5 BP 609 EP 620 DI 10.1097/00000658-199611000-00005 PG 12 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VR939 UT WOS:A1996VR93900005 PM 8916876 ER PT J AU Craig, AH Cummings, JL Fairbanks, L Itti, L Miller, BL Li, J Mena, I AF Craig, AH Cummings, JL Fairbanks, L Itti, L Miller, BL Li, J Mena, I TI Cerebral blood flow correlates of apathy in Alzheimer disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL-SUBCORTICAL CIRCUITS; SENILE DEMENTIA; PERSONALITY CHANGES; SYNAPSE LOSS; CORTEX; PATTERNS; SPECT AB Background: Apathy is a pervasive noncognitive neuropsychiatric disturbance in Alzheimer disease, which causes significant caregiver distress. The neuroanatomical substrate of apathy is not well understood. Objective: To study the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow and the presence and severity of the personality disturbance, apathy, in individuals with Alzheimer disease. Design: Analysis of the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow as measured by single photon emission computed tomography and severity of apathy as measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory using an analysis of variance design. We examined regional cerebral perfusion alterations as measured by xenon Xe-133-calibrated technetium Tc 99m hexamethyl-propyleneamine-oxime single photon emission computed tomography in relation to the presence and severity of apathy. Setting: The neurology clinics of the University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Medicine, and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. Participants: Thirty-one community-dwelling patients fulfilling National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association diagnostic criteria for probable Alzheimer disease who had a single photon computed tomographic scan performed within 3 months of administration of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Results: The presence of apathy was associated with more severe prefrontal and anterior temporal dysfunction. These regional cerebral perfusion relationships with apathy were independent of cognitive decline except in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the association of apathetic syndromes with prefrontal and anterior temporal regional brain dysfunction and are consistent with similar findings preciously reported in other disorders. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,REED NEUROL RES CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,REED NEUROL RES CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HARBOR MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HARBOR MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00172, AG10123] NR 36 TC 152 Z9 153 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 53 IS 11 BP 1116 EP 1120 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VR053 UT WOS:A1996VR05300006 PM 8912484 ER PT J AU Ogawa, N Dang, H Kong, LP Anaya, JM Liu, GT Talal, N AF Ogawa, N Dang, H Kong, LP Anaya, JM Liu, GT Talal, N TI Lymphocyte apoptosis and apoptosis-associated gene expression in Sjogren's syndrome SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; PROTO-ONCOGENE EXPRESSION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; FAS ANTIGEN; T-CELLS; C-MYC AB Objective. To study the mechanism and regulation of apoptosis in peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes from patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS). Methods. The mode of in vitro lymphocyte death in the peripheral blood of patients with SS was determined by fluorescence microscopic analysis, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assay, and DNA fragmentation analysis. Apoptotic cell death of T add B cells was determined at 48 hours of culture by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of propidium iodide-stained cells, Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of bcl-2, bcl-x, bax, and c-myc in T and B cells was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-polymerase chain reaction (ELISA-PCR). Expression of bcl-xL and bcl-xS was determined by Southern blot analysis of PCR products. Gene expression was calculated as the ratio of each gene message to the message of the GAPDH gene. Bcl-2 protein levels in SS T cells were determined by ELISA. Results. SS T cells showed increased in vitro apoptosis compared with normal T cells (mean +/- SD 12.3 +/- 4.5% versus 7.3 +/- 2.0%; P < 0.01). Freshly isolated SS T cells showed increased expression of bcl-2 mRNA compared with normal controls (mean +/- SD 1.50 +/- 0.65 versus 0.88 +/- 0.23; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in levels of bax or c-myc mRNA in T cells and B cells between SS patients and normal controls, When SST lymphocytes were cultured in vitro for 72 hours, Bcl-2 protein levels decreased with time. Conclusion. SS T cells showed accelerated apoptosis in vitro. Freshly isolated SS T cells had increased expression of bcl-2. An increase in death-promoter signals and decrease in death suppressor signals in vitro may have been responsible, in part, for the apoptosis in SS T lymphocytes. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. OI Universidad del Rosario, Biblioteca/0000-0003-3491-9392; Anaya, Juan-Manuel/0000-0002-6444-1249 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-09311, DE-10863] NR 42 TC 34 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 39 IS 11 BP 1875 EP 1885 DI 10.1002/art.1780391114 PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VR600 UT WOS:A1996VR60000013 PM 8912510 ER PT J AU Champ, JE Binkley, N Havighurst, T Colman, RJ Kemnitz, JW Roecker, EB AF Champ, JE Binkley, N Havighurst, T Colman, RJ Kemnitz, JW Roecker, EB TI The effect of advancing age on bone mineral content of female rhesus monkeys SO BONE LA English DT Article DE osteoporosis; rhesus monkey; bone mineral content; bone mineral density; aging; bone mass ID TRABECULAR BONE; DENSITY; ABSORPTIOMETRY; BABOONS; WOMEN; HISTOMORPHOMETRY; OVARIECTOMY; RATIOS; SPINE; MASS AB Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) can be used to assess bone mass in nonhuman primates; however, the changes in bone mineral across the lifespan have not been well described, The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effect of maturation and subsequent aging on bone mineral content (BMC) and bone size (two dimensional bone area) in female rhesus monkeys at sites analogous to those commonly evaluated in humans, Total body (n = 178) and lumbar spine (n = 167) DXA scans were performed on female rhesus monkeys aged 2.8 to 34.6 years, Radius scans (n = 86) were performed on monkeys aged 9.7 to 34.6 years, Measurement precision was comparable to that reported for humans, At all sites, BMC was highly correlated with bone area (p = 0.0001), which was positively correlated with both body weight (p less than or equal to 0.002) and age (p less than or equal to 0.08), Total body and lumbar spine BMC and bone area increased with maturation (p < 0.0001) until age 11 and then remained stable with further advancing age, There was little change in total body and lumbar spine area-adjusted BMC across the lifespan, At the radial sites, there were no significant changes in BMC or bone area with age, but the area-adjusted BMC and the weight- and area-adjusted BMC declined in older animals (p < 0.05), In conclusion, the female rhesus monkey does not attain peak bone mass until age 11, Significant bone loss at later ages was observed only at radial sites. (C) 1996 by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,WISCONSIN REG PRIMATE RES CTR,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,INST AGING,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT BIOSTAT,INST AGING,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,MADISON,WI 53705. FU NCRR NIH HHS [P51 RR00167]; NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG11915] NR 29 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD NOV PY 1996 VL 19 IS 5 BP 485 EP 492 DI 10.1016/S8756-3282(96)00243-8 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VR347 UT WOS:A1996VR34700009 PM 8922647 ER PT J AU Huang, M Sharma, S Mao, JT Zhu, L Miller, P Stolina, M Dubinett, SM AF Huang, M Sharma, S Mao, JT Zhu, L Miller, P Stolina, M Dubinett, SM TI Specific abrogation of tumor cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression restores Th1/TH2 cytokine balance in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,IMMUNOL PULM LAB,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 3 IS 6 SU S BP O9 EP O9 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WC571 UT WOS:A1996WC57100009 ER PT J AU Schneider, NG Olmstead, RE Steinberg, C Sloan, K Daims, RM Brown, HV AF Schneider, NG Olmstead, RE Steinberg, C Sloan, K Daims, RM Brown, HV TI Efficacy of buspirone in smoking cessation: A placebo-controlled trial SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS; NICOTINE PATCH; REPLACEMENT; SMOKERS; GUM AB Buspirone, a non-sedating anxiolytic, has yielded contradictory results in smoking cessation pilot studies and trials. We tested buspirone (n = 51) versus placebo (n = 49) in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of smoking cessation. Survival analyses were performed with use of strict abstinence criteria for efficacy (carbon monoxide levels less than or equal to 8 ppm; no self-reported slips to smoking). No treatment differences mere observed between active and placebo groups. There were also no differences among ''anxiety'' level groups formed post hoc from high versus low, pre-quit anxiety test scores. A number of withdrawal symptoms increased significantly after subjects quit smoking for both the active drug and placebo groups, but these symptoms were not relieved by treatment. There appears to be little evidence that buspirone is effective in smoking cessation or in the relief of withdrawal associated with cessation in a general sample. Selecting for generalized anxiety or anxiety related to cessation is suggested for future testing. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN. RP Schneider, NG (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,T350,691-B151D NIMITZ,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 26 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 60 IS 5 BP 568 EP 575 DI 10.1016/S0009-9236(96)90153-8 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VV597 UT WOS:A1996VV59700010 PM 8941030 ER PT J AU Weinstock, R Leong, GB AF Weinstock, R Leong, GB TI Ethical issues in psychiatry SO CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID MANAGED CARE AB Psychiatrists continue to confront ethical dilemmas in both clinical and forensic contexts, as exemplified by issues such as dangerousness, informed consent, confidentiality, and civil litigation. The ascent in the USA of managed healthcare with its profit motive and business interests, with little regard for medical ethics, is rapidly changing the healthcare delivery system as well as the salient ethical concerns. Additionally, US court decisions by the Federal Court of Appeals in two circuits concerning end-of-life decisions have also propelled this issue into the forensic and ethical forefront of psychiatric practice. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. VET AFFAIRS OUTPATIENT CLIN,PSYCHIAT SERV,COLUMBUS,OH. RP Weinstock, R (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV W116AC,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0951-7367 J9 CURR OPIN PSYCHIATR JI Curr. Opin. Psychiatr. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 9 IS 6 BP 407 EP 411 DI 10.1097/00001504-199611000-00008 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VU538 UT WOS:A1996VU53800008 ER PT J AU Grubbe, R Adelglass, JM Casale, TB Cohen, R Jacobson, KW Klaustermeyer, WB Pleskow, W Southern, DL Webb, DR AF Grubbe, R Adelglass, JM Casale, TB Cohen, R Jacobson, KW Klaustermeyer, WB Pleskow, W Southern, DL Webb, DR TI Intranasal therapy with once-daily triamcinolone acetonide aerosol versus twice-daily beclomethasone dipropionate aqueous spray in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis SO CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID NASAL SPRAY AB A single-masked, randomized, controlled, multicenter, parallel-group study compared the efficacy, tolerability, and specific treatment-related side effects of 4 weeks of intranasal therapy with 220-mu g once-daily triamcinolone acetonide aerosol versus 168-mu g twice-daily beclomethasone dipropionate aqueous spray in 313 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Both treatments produced similar improvement in rhinitis symptoms (nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, postnasal drip, sneezing, and nasal itching) and in mean total nasal symptom scores. There were no clinically or statistically significant between-group differences in physician global evaluation of symptom relief or in the number of patients who withdrew prematurely from the study because of insufficient therapeutic effect. The onset of action during the first week of therapy was comparable for the two treatments. The frequency of two specific treatment-related complaints-medication running down the throat and medication running out of the nose-was statistically significantly less with triamcinolone acetonide than with beclomethasone dipropionate. The severity of these two complaints, plus one other-bad medication taste-was statistically significantly greater with beclomethasone dipropionate. The frequency of drug-related adverse events was similar in the two treatment groups. The results of this trial indicate that triamcinolone acetonide, 220 mu g once daily, is comparable to beclomethasone dipropionate, 168 mu g twice daily, in relieving the nasal symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis. Both treatments were well tolerated, although some specific treatment-related events were significantly more frequent and severe in the beclomethasone dipropionate aqueous spray group than In the triamcinolone acetonide aerosol group. C1 UNIV IOWA HOSP & CLIN,DEPT INTERNAL MED,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. ALLERGY & ASTHMA ASSOCIATES,EUGENE,OR. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ALLERGY & IMMUNOL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. PRINCETON ALLERGY & ASTHMA ASSOCIATES,PRINCETON,NJ. ALLERGY & ASTHMA ASSOCIATES,KIRKLAND,WA. RP Grubbe, R (reprint author), ANNISTON MED CLIN,1010 CHRISTINE AVE,ANNISTON,AL 36207, USA. RI Casale, Thomas/K-4334-2013 OI Casale, Thomas/0000-0002-3149-7377 NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0011-393X J9 CURR THER RES CLIN E JI Curr. Ther. Res.-Clin. Exp. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 57 IS 11 BP 825 EP 838 DI 10.1016/S0011-393X(96)80016-6 PG 14 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VV078 UT WOS:A1996VV07800001 ER PT J AU Wood, CA Abrutyn, E AF Wood, CA Abrutyn, E TI Optimal treatment of urinary tract infections in elderly patients SO DRUGS & AGING LA English DT Review ID INDWELLING URETHRAL CATHETERS; ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; AMBULATORY WOMEN; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; SERUM CREATININE; ACUTE CYSTITIS; MORTALITY; DIAGNOSIS; PYURIA AB Elderly patients are at high risk for urinary tract infection (UTI). Infections of the urinary tract may he classified as asymptomatic bacteriuria, uncomplicated cystitis, uncomplicated pyelonephritis or complicated UTI. The micro-organisms responsible for causing UTI are largely predictable and dictate therapy when indicated, UTIs may he diagnosed by both nonculture and culture techniques. Asymptomatic bacteriuria, though quite common in the elderly, should rarely be treated. Treatment of symptomatic uncomplicated and complicated UTIs is largely dictated by the known or expected pathogen(s) and classification of the infection. Additional features affecting the treatment of UTI in the elderly include allergies, adverse reactions to therapy, drug interactions and modification for renal insufficiency. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Wood, CA (reprint author), ALLEGHENY UNIV HLTH SCI,DIV INFECT DIS,CTR CITY,MAIL STOP 461,BROAD & VINE ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19102, USA. NR 64 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-229X J9 DRUG AGING JI Drugs Aging PD NOV PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 352 EP 362 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VR374 UT WOS:A1996VR37400007 PM 8922562 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, PA Yang, YL Rutecki, PA AF Rasmussen, PA Yang, YL Rutecki, PA TI Propofol inhibits epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE GABA; propofol; epilepsy; chemoconvulsant; hippocampus; CA3 ID GENERAL ANESTHETIC PROPOFOL; GABA(A) RECEPTORS; A RECEPTORS; NEURONS; INFUSION; SEDATION; SEIZURES; BRAIN; CONVULSIONS; MANAGEMENT AB Propofol (2,6 di-isopropylphenol) is an intravenous general anesthetic used widely in neuroanesthesia, as a sedative in intensive care units, and has successfully aborted refractory status epilepticus. We investigated the effects of propofol on epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices. Interictal epileptiform activity was produced by bath applying one of the following: picrotoxin (PTX; 10 and 50 mu M), bicucculine methiodide (BMI; 10 and 50 mu M), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 50 ELM), 8.5 mM [K+](o) or 0 [Mg2+](o) artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Propofol was then added in increasing concentrations and the effect on the rate of extracellular field epileptiform discharges was measured. Ictal-like discharges > 2 Hz for > 2 s) were produced by 7.5 mM [K+](o) and pilocarpine(10 mu M) Propofol(30 mu g/ml, 168 mu M) completely abolished discharges induced by 8.5 mM [K+](o) and at 60 mu g/ml (337 mM) completely suppressed discharges induced by 4-AP and 0 [Mg2+](o). Propofol was less effective in reducing discharges produced by GABA(A)/Cl- receptor complex antagonists. Propofol at a concentration of 300 mu g/ml(1.7 mM) was needed to reduce BMI-induced (50 mu M) discharges by 77% and only reduced PTX-induced (50 mu M) discharges by 20%. Ictal-like discharges produced by pilocarpine were disrupted by low concentrations of propofol (3-10 mu g/ml, 16.9-56.2 mu M) and the duration of the ictal-like discharge period was significantly reduced. We found that propofol has significant in vitro antiepileptic effects. Additionally, propofol was less effective against GABA(A) antagonists suggesting that the GABA(A) receptor complex is the site of its action. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, HOSP & CLIN, DEPT NEUROL, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, HOSP & CLIN, DEPT NEUROSURG, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, HOSP & CLIN, NEUROSCI TRAINING PROGRAM, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN, DEPT NEUROSURG, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN, DEPT NEUROSURG, CLIN SCI CTR H4326, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS28580] NR 37 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 25 IS 3 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(96)00075-7 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VV202 UT WOS:A1996VV20200003 PM 8956913 ER PT J AU Rosenblatt, MR Jarvik, ME Olmstead, RE IwamotoSchaap, PN AF Rosenblatt, MR Jarvik, ME Olmstead, RE IwamotoSchaap, PN TI Memory for cigarette advertisements enhanced by smoking abstinence SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE AB Abstinent and nonabstinent smokers were exposed to a series of cigarette and automobile advertisements. After a distracter event, a subsequent task tested recognition. Nonabstinent smokers showed no differences in recognition for the 2 types of stimuli. Abstinent smokers, on the other hand, recognized more cigarette advertisements than automobile advertisements (p < .001). These results, coupled with previous research, indicate that although withdrawal induces general cognitive deficits, abstinent smokers selectively attend to, and remember, smoking stimuli. Such a bias may have ramifications for cessation efforts. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 1064-1297 J9 EXP CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 4 IS 4 BP 447 EP 450 PG 4 WC Psychology, Biological; Psychology, Clinical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA WN347 UT WOS:A1996WN34700014 ER PT J AU Lieberman, D AF Lieberman, D TI Endoscopic colon screening: Is less more? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID FECAL OCCULT BLOOD; COLONOSCOPIC MISS-RATE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; SIGMOIDOSCOPY; MORTALITY; POLYPS; HEMOCCULT; YIELD RP Lieberman, D (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND VA MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD NOV PY 1996 VL 111 IS 5 BP 1385 EP 1387 DI 10.1053/gast.1996.v111.agast961111385 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VQ005 UT WOS:A1996VQ00500028 PM 8898655 ER PT J AU Hoyler, CL Tekell, JL Silva, JA AF Hoyler, CL Tekell, JL Silva, JA TI Zolpidem-induced agitation and disorganization SO GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter C1 S TEXAS VET HEALTHCARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Hoyler, CL (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0163-8343 J9 GEN HOSP PSYCHIAT JI Gen. Hosp. Psych. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 18 IS 6 BP 452 EP 453 DI 10.1016/S0163-8343(96)00059-X PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VT951 UT WOS:A1996VT95100012 PM 8937915 ER PT J AU Naliboff, B Mayer, EA AF Naliboff, B Mayer, EA TI Sensational developments in the irritable bowel SO GUT LA English DT Editorial Material ID IBS PATIENTS; PERCEPTION; PAIN; OCTREOTIDE; DISTENSION; RESPONSES; HUMANS C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Naliboff, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD NOV PY 1996 VL 39 IS 5 BP 770 EP 771 DI 10.1136/gut.39.5.770 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WA445 UT WOS:A1996WA44500028 PM 9014782 ER PT J AU Hendrick, V Altshuler, LL Burt, VK AF Hendrick, V Altshuler, LL Burt, VK TI Course of psychiatric disorders across the menstrual cycle SO HARVARD REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID PREMENSTRUAL TENSION SYNDROME; GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES; PANIC DISORDER; PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS; IMIPRAMINE BINDING; MONOAMINE-OXIDASE; ANXIETY DISORDER; ESTROGEN THERAPY; ALCOHOL-USE; RAT-BRAIN AB Women of reproductive age with psychiatric disorders may experience a fluctuating course of illness over the menstrual cycle. Some data suggest an exacerbation of symptoms during the premenstrual and menstrual phases. She usefulness of such reports is limited, however, by the lack of prospective assessments and the small. number of patients involved. Additionally, many reports do not specify whether the exacerbations reflect an intensification of the underlying psychiatric disorder or a new onset of symptoms that occur only during certain phases of the menstrual cycle. Because symptomatic intensification has been repented for illnesses including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety disorders, bulimia nervosa, and substance abuse, the data bring attention to the importance of assessing the relationship between a female patient's symptomatic exacerbation and the menstrual-cycle phase in which it occurs. We present a review of the literature on the course of psychiatric symptoms across the menstrual cycle and discuss the potential effects of estrogen and progesterone on these symptoms. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Hendrick, V (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,NEUROPSYCHIAT INST & HOSP,DEPT PSYCHIAT,300 MED PLAZA,ROOM 2200,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 85 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 12 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 1067-3229 J9 HARVARD REV PSYCHIAT JI Harv. Rev. Psychiatr. PD NOV-DEC PY 1996 VL 4 IS 4 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.3109/10673229609030544 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VV182 UT WOS:A1996VV18200003 PM 9384994 ER PT J AU Trigoso, WF Wesly, JM Meranda, DL Shenker, Y AF Trigoso, WF Wesly, JM Meranda, DL Shenker, Y TI Vasopressin and atrial natriuretic hormone response to hypertonic saline during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE atrial natriuretic hormone; menstrual cycle; vasopressin ID ARGININE VASOPRESSIN; POSTERIOR PITUITARY; PEPTIDE; PLASMA; RELEASE; SECRETION; WOMEN; RAT; OSMOREGULATION; STIMULATION AB We studied the hormonal responses to hypertonic saline during the follicular (days 2-9) and luteal (days 21-28) phases of the menstrual cycle in nine healthy young women, aged 19-25 years, On both study days, each woman was infused with 5% hypertonic saline for 1 h at the rate of 0.1 ml/kg/min. Serum progesterone and oestradiol concentrations confirmed the reported stage of the menstrual cycle, No difference in weight or haematocrit was observed between the two stages of the study for each woman, Baseline blood pressure, serum sodium, plasma osmolality, plasma vasopressin and thirst levels were almost identical for both stages, and changed to the same degree during infusion of hypertonic saline, Baseline atrial natriuretic hormone concentrations were higher during the follicular phase and became significantly higher than during the luteal phase following infusion of hypertonic saline. We concluded that the intravascular volume during the luteal phase may be effectively decreased in comparison to the follicular phase. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,ENDOCRINOL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. SPRINGFIELD CLIN,SPRINGFIELD,IL 62704. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-03186] NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 11 IS 11 BP 2392 EP 2395 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA WA428 UT WOS:A1996WA42800013 PM 8981117 ER PT J AU Reddy, SV Singer, FR Mallette, L Roodman, GD AF Reddy, SV Singer, FR Mallette, L Roodman, GD TI Detection of measles virus nucleocapsid transcripts in circulating blood cells from patients with Paget disease SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; BONE-MARROW; PRECURSORS; ANTIGENS; SEQUENCE; ACID; DNA AB Paget disease of bone is characterized by abnormalities in all phases of bone remodeling but the fundamental cellular abnormality resides in the osteoclast (OCL). Osteoclasts in bone involved by Paget disease contain viral-like nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions that react with antibodies directed against paramyxovirus nucleocapsid proteins, such as measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, or canine distemper virus, However, the identity of the virus or the mechanisms responsible for its persistence or pathologic role in Paget disease is unclear, Furthermore, although Paget disease persists for many years, it remains a highly localized process with new lesions rarely if ever developing in previously unaffected bones, Since osteoclasts are formed by fusion of mononuclear precursors derived from colony forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM), the granulocyte-macrophage progenitor we used reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis to determine if CFU-GM, more differentiated osteoclast precursors, and peripheral blood cells derived from CFU-GM express measles virus nucleocapsid (MV-N) transcripts, We found that osteoclast precursors, as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells, express MV transcripts in 9 of 13 patients, Sequence analysis of the PCR amplified products confirmed nucleotide identity of M V-N transcripts expressed in peripheral blood and bone marrow-derived cells from the same patient, In contrast, MV-N transcripts were not detected in OCL precursors or the peripheral blood from 10 normal subjects, In situ hybridization studies using S-35-labeled antisense riboprobes to MV-N transcripts further confirmed the expression of MV transcripts in these cells, Sequence analysis of the PCR amplified product from one of these patients also identified a novel mutation that converted lysine(441) to glutamic acid(441) in the MV-N transcript, These data demonstrate that OCL precursors and circulating peripheral blood cells also expressing transcripts in patients with Paget disease and suggest that the pagetic marrow microenvironment plays a critical role in maintaining the highly localized nature of the lesions in Paget disease. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED HEMATOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX. JOHN WAYNE CANC INST,SANTA MONICA,CA. VET ADM MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336, AR39529] NR 20 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1602 EP 1607 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VQ705 UT WOS:A1996VQ70500002 PM 8915767 ER PT J AU Broaddus, VC Yang, L Scavo, LM Ernst, JD Boylan, AM AF Broaddus, VC Yang, L Scavo, LM Ernst, JD Boylan, AM TI Asbestos induces apoptosis of human and rabbit pleural mesothelial cells via reactive oxygen species SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE oxygen radicals; annexin V; flow cytometry; deferoxamine; internalization ID DNA STRAND-BREAKS; CROCIDOLITE ASBESTOS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DEATH; INDUCTION; FIBERS; POLYMERASE; CYTOTOXICITY; MACROPHAGES; INHIBITION AB Mesothelial cells, the progenitor cell of the asbestos-induced tumor mesothelioma, are particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of asbestos, although the molecular mechanisms by which asbestos induces injury in mesothelial cells are not known, We asked whether asbestos induced apoptosis in mesothelial cells and whether reactive oxygen species were important. Pleural mesothelial cells (rabbit or human) were exposed to asbestos (crocidolite, amosite, or chrysotile) or control particles at moderate doses (1-10 mu g/cm(2)) over 24 h and evaluated for oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation, loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry, and nuclear condensation, Asbestos fibers, not control particles, induced apoptosis in mesothelial cells by all assays and induction of apoptosis was dose dependent for all types of asbestos, with crocidolite (5 mu g/cm(2)) inducing 15.0+/-1.1% (mean+/-SE; n = 12) apoptosis versus control particles < 4%. Apoptosis induced by asbestos, but not by actinomycin D, was inhibited by extracellular catalase, superoxide dismutase in the presence of catalase, hypoxia (8% oxygen.), deferoxamine, 3-aminobenzamide [an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase], and cytochalasin B. Only catalase and cytochalasin B decreased fiber uptake, We conclude that asbestos induces apoptosis in mesothelial cells via reactive oxygen species, Escape from this pathway could allow the abnormal survival of mesothelial cells with asbestos-induced mutations. C1 SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,LUNG BIOL CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PEDIAT,CARDIOVASC RES INST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,ROSALIND RUSSELL ARTHRIT LAB,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CTR MOL & STRUCT BIOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [PPG HL24075]; NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ESO6331, KO8 ES00253] NR 54 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD NOV 1 PY 1996 VL 98 IS 9 BP 2050 EP 2059 DI 10.1172/JCI119010 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA VR563 UT WOS:A1996VR56300016 PM 8903324 ER PT J AU Lessin, SR Rook, AH Li, GQ Wood, GS AF Lessin, SR Rook, AH Li, GQ Wood, GS TI HTLV-I and CTCL: The link is missing SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID T-CELL LYMPHOMA; VIRUS TYPE-I; MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SEZARY-SYNDROME; PROVIRUS; DNA; SEQUENCES; BLOOD C1 PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. CLEVELAND VA MED CTR,CLEVELAND,OH. RP Lessin, SR (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 107 IS 5 BP 783 EP 784 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12371839 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VN440 UT WOS:A1996VN44000022 PM 8875966 ER PT J AU Alterman, AI Rutherford, MJ Cacciola, JS McKay, JR Woody, GE AF Alterman, AI Rutherford, MJ Cacciola, JS McKay, JR Woody, GE TI Response to methadone maintenance and counseling in antisocial patients with and without major depression SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; PERSONALITY-DISORDER; SUBSTANCE-ABUSERS; RELIABILITY; ALCOHOLICS; VALIDITY AB This study compared the treatment response of four groups of psychiatrically diverse opiate-dependent, methadone maintenance patients receiving drug counseling. The four groups were patients with no other nonsubstance abuse axis I psychiatric diagnoses (OF only; N = 65), patients with lifetime major depression (DEP; N = 60), patients with both antisocial personality disorder and Lifetime major depression (APD+DEP; N = 35), and patients with only APD (APD only; N = 24). Patients were assessed at intake, during treatment, and 7 months after treatment admission. No statistically significant differences were found among the groups in treatment retention/attendance. Few significant group differences were revealed during-treatment urine screens, except that barbiturate use was more common for the APD only group. The APD only group also had significantly more positive urine screens for benzodiazepines than the other three groups at 7-month follow-up. All groups reported considerable improvement in problem level at 7 months compared with admission status. The APD only group reported fewer gains in legal and employment problems than the other groups but reported greater improvement in the drug area. Thus, there was some limited support for a prior finding, based on individual psychotherapy, that the treatment response of APD only patients was inferior to that of APD+DEP patients or non-APD patients. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186, DA05858] NR 18 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 184 IS 11 BP 695 EP 702 DI 10.1097/00005053-199611000-00007 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA VW027 UT WOS:A1996VW02700007 PM 8955683 ER PT J AU Hersh, EV Houpt, MI Cooper, SA Feldman, RS Wolff, MS Levin, LM AF Hersh, EV Houpt, MI Cooper, SA Feldman, RS Wolff, MS Levin, LM TI Analgesic efficacy and safety of an intraoral lidocaine patch SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ANESTHESIA AB The effectiveness of intraoral lidocaine patches was tested by asking participants to rate the pain experienced after insertions of a 25-gauge needle. Needlesticks were performed at baseline and at various time points after patch placement. Each needlestick included contact with the periosteum. Lidocaine patches achieved significantly better analgesia than the placebo within 2.5 to five minutes after placement. Drug-related side effects were minimal and venous blood levels of lidocaine were low, averaging 10 to 14 times less than those achieved with a typical injection of lidocaine plus epinephrine. The authors conclude that the lidocaine patches used in this study are effective and safe in reducing needle insertion pain in adults. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH DENT MED,DIV PHARMACOL & THERAPEUT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY DENT SCH,DEPT PEDIAT DENT,NEWARK,DE. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DENT SERV,PHILADELPHIA,PA. SUNY STONY BROOK,SCH DENT MED,DEPT GEN DENT,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. TEMPLE UNIV,SCH DENT,DEPT ORAL SURG,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Hersh, EV (reprint author), UNIV PENN,SCH DENT MED,DEPT ORAL SURG & PHARMACOL,4001 SPRUCE ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 127 IS 11 BP 1626 EP 1634 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VR077 UT WOS:A1996VR07700021 PM 8952239 ER PT J AU Buchner, DM Cress, ME Esselman, PC Margherita, AJ deLateur, BJ Campbell, AJ Wagner, EH AF Buchner, DM Cress, ME Esselman, PC Margherita, AJ deLateur, BJ Campbell, AJ Wagner, EH TI Factors associated with changes in gait speed in older adults SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; FICSIT TRIALS; EXERCISE; STRENGTH; FRAILTY; WOMEN; MEN AB Background. The study addressed whether changes in gait speed in community-dwelling older adults were associated with changes in fitness (strength and aerobic capacity), physical health status, and/or depressive symptoms. Methods. The study sample comprised 152 community-dwelling adults aged 68-85 who had participated in an exercise study. Study measures at baseline and 6-month follow-up included gait speed, a leg strength score, maximal aerobic capacity (VO(2)max), CES-Depression scale, and physical health status (SIP Physical Dimension). Results. In cross-sectional regression analyses, leg strength, VO(2)max, weight, and the strength by VO(2)max interaction term were significant independent predictors of gait speed (R(2) = 26%). Based upon the observed 7% increase in VO(2)max and 8% increase in strength in the exercise groups, the regression model predicted only a 2% (1.5 m/min) increase in gait speed, which did not differ significantly from the observed increase of 0% (.32 m/min). The strongest correlate of change in gait speed was change in CES-D scores (partial R = -.37). Change in physical health status also correlated with change in gait speed (partial R = -.28), while change in fitness did not. Conclusions. The results suggest, in the range of fitness of the study sample, that changes in gait speed are related to changes in depressive symptoms and physical health status, but not to modest changes in fitness. A model assuming nonlinear relationships may be appropriate for understanding how strength and aerobic capacity affect gait speed. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,NW PREVENT EFFECT CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT REHABIL MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,NW CTR OUTCOMES RES OLDER ADULTS,SEATTLE,WA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS MED & REHABIL,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. UNIV OTAGO,DEPT MED,DUNEDIN,NEW ZEALAND. GRP HLTH COOPERAT PUGET SOUND,CTR HLTH STUDIES,SEATTLE,WA 98101. RP Buchner, DM (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT HLTH SERV,BOX 358852,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [UO1/AG09095, R01/AG10943]; PHS HHS [R48/CCR002181] NR 18 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 6 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 51 IS 6 BP M297 EP M302 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA WD352 UT WOS:A1996WD35200018 PM 8914502 ER PT J AU Smith, MW Kreutzer, RA Goldman, L CaseyPaal, A Kizer, KW AF Smith, MW Kreutzer, RA Goldman, L CaseyPaal, A Kizer, KW TI How economic demand influences access to medical care for rural Hispanic children SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Hispanic children; demand; access to care; health services research; physician availability ID HEALTH-CARE; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; EMPIRICAL-EVIDENCE; HHANES 1982-84; SERVICES; BARRIERS AB OBJECTIVES. In a study of access to medical care, the authors analyzed the relationship between factors influencing demand, local unmet needs, and the availability of physicians in a rural California community. METHODS. The California Department of Health Services screened 1,697 (90%) of children aged 1 to 12 years in McFarland, CA. The relation of demand to unmet needs was examined using multiple logistic regression. Factors influencing demand for medical care were: ability to pay (income, health insurance) desire to purchase care (ethnicity, education, perceived need), and incidental costs (transportation, child care, etc). Questions from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Survey were reconstrued to fit the demand model. Local need and demand for physicians was compared with state levels to assess whether sufficient physicians were available. RESULTS. Eighty-six percent of the children were of Mexican ancestry. Factors influencing demand were linked with specific unmet needs. Although unmet needs were high, demand was low; 46% of all families were below the poverty level. Although four primary care physicians were needed, only one could be supported in the private sector because of low demand. CONCLUSIONS. Advantages to the demand model are: (1) it shows why medical services are underused and lacking in low-income areas although need is high, (2) it permits an economic rationale for extra services for poor diverse populations, (3) it estimates the amount of resources lacking to assure adequate levels of care, (4) it shows why facilitated access is needed for certain groups. C1 CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,ENVIRONM HLTH INVEST BRANCH,BERKELEY,CA 94704. US EPA,OFF PREVENT PESTICIDES & TOX SUBST,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. MINNESOTA DEPT HLTH,CANC CONTROL SECT,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55414. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Smith, MW (reprint author), CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,HUMAN POPULAT LAB,2151 BERKELEY WAY,ANNEX 2,BERKELEY,CA 94704, USA. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD NOV PY 1996 VL 34 IS 11 BP 1135 EP 1148 DI 10.1097/00005650-199611000-00007 PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VQ875 UT WOS:A1996VQ87500007 PM 8911429 ER PT J AU Litvan, I Mega, MS Cummings, JL Fairbanks, L AF Litvan, I Mega, MS Cummings, JL Fairbanks, L TI Neuropsychiatric aspects of progressive supranuclear palsy SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RICHARDSON-OLSZEWSKI SYNDROME; ADVANCED PARKINSONS-DISEASE; NURSING-HOME PLACEMENT; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; BASAL GANGLIA; DEMENTIA; DEPRESSION; IMPAIRMENT; COGNITION AB Administering the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), we examined the behavioral symptoms of 22 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 50 patients with Alzheimer's disease, and 40 controls. PSP patients exhibited apathy (91%), disinhibition (36%), dysphoria (18%) and anxiety (18%), but rarely (<9%) irritability, abnormal motor behaviors, or agitation. Apathy in PSP was significantly associated with executive dysfunction. The presence of high apathy and low agitation and anxiety scale scores correctly identified the PSP patients 85% of the time. Evaluating the behavioral abnormalities of patients with neurodegenerative disorders will aid diagnosis and facilitate management. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Litvan, I (reprint author), NINCDS,NEUROEPIDEMIOL BRANCH,NIH,FED BLDG,ROOM 714,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Litvan, Irene/0000-0002-3485-3445 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 60 TC 134 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 5 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV PY 1996 VL 47 IS 5 BP 1184 EP 1189 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VR425 UT WOS:A1996VR42500012 PM 8909427 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Cherrier, M Perryman, KM Pachana, N Miller, BL Cummings, JL AF Mendez, MF Cherrier, M Perryman, KM Pachana, N Miller, BL Cummings, JL TI Frontotemporal dementia versus Alzheimer's disease: Differential cognitive features SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL-LOBE DEGENERATION; KLUVER-BUCY SYNDROME; PICKS-DISEASE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FINDINGS; EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRESENILE-DEMENTIA; ATROPHY; DIAGNOSIS; SCALE AB Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a common neurodegenerative dementia that can be difficult to distinguish clinically from Alzheimer's disease (AD). The differential distribution of pathology in FTD and AD predicts the presence of differential cognitive features on mental status examination. We compared 39 FTD patients with 101 AD patients on the Consortium to Establish a Registry in AD examination supplemented by cognitive areas from the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination. The FTD patients were diagnosed using noncognitive clinical and neuroimaging criteria and were comparable to the AD patients in terms of gender, educational level, and dementia severity ratings. The FTD patients performed significantly better than the AD patients on constructions and calculations. These findings were at the lower limits of normal for older normal controls and persisted after covarying for younger age and higher Mini-Mental Status Examination scores in the FTD group. In addition to personality and neuroimaging features, relatively preserved performance of elementary drawings and calculations in FTD suggests additional features for distinguishing FTD patients from comparably demented AD patients. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAV UNIT 691 1164F,PSYCHIAT SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Pachana, Nancy/C-6807-2016 OI Pachana, Nancy/0000-0002-8927-4205 NR 43 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 6 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV PY 1996 VL 47 IS 5 BP 1189 EP 1194 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VR425 UT WOS:A1996VR42500013 PM 8909428 ER PT J AU Shy, C Anderson, H Ducatman, A Fleissner, ML Fox, M Jackson, R Kenneally, F Mather, S Mirza, N Ron, E Ross, D Royal, H Sandler, D Schneider, A Shore, R AF Shy, C Anderson, H Ducatman, A Fleissner, ML Fox, M Jackson, R Kenneally, F Mather, S Mirza, N Ron, E Ross, D Royal, H Sandler, D Schneider, A Shore, R TI Summary report of the panel SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC. WISCONSIN DEPT PUBL HLTH,MADISON,WI. W VIRGINIA UNIV,SCH MED,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. CONNECTICUT DEPT PUBL HLTH & ADDICT SERV,HARTFORD,CT 06106. VET FOREIGN WARS,WASHINGTON,DC. SUBMARINE SURVIVORS HOTLINE,CIVILIAN DIV,WATERFORD,CT. DEPT VET AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. W HAVEN VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,W HAVEN,CT. WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,MALLINCKRODT INST RADIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL. NYU,NEW YORK,NY. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 115 IS 5 BP 442 EP 446 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA VU694 UT WOS:A1996VU69400015 PM 8903445 ER PT J AU Johnson, BA Jasinski, DR Galloway, GP Kranzler, H Weinreib, R Anton, RF Mason, BJ Bohn, MJ Pettinati, HM Rawson, R Clyde, C AF Johnson, BA Jasinski, DR Galloway, GP Kranzler, H Weinreib, R Anton, RF Mason, BJ Bohn, MJ Pettinati, HM Rawson, R Clyde, C TI Ritanserin in the treatment of alcohol dependence - A multi center clinical trial SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE serotonin; (5-HT); ritanserin; 5-HT2 antagonist; alcoholism; clinical trial; multi-center; pharmacotherapy; humans ID CARBOHYDRATE-DEFICIENT TRANSFERRIN; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; VOLUNTARY ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION; COPING SKILLS; INTERACTIONAL THERAPIES; CONSUMMATORY BEHAVIORS; MATCHING ALCOHOLICS; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; 5-HT2 ANTAGONIST; SOCIAL DRINKERS AB Four hundred and twenty-three alcohol dependent subjects were enrolled into a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to determine the safety and efficacy of the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, ritanserin (2.5 mg/day or 5 mg/day), in reducing alcohol intake and craving. All subjects received 1 week of single-blind placebo prior to randomization into the 11-week double-blind phase. Additionally, all subjects received weekly individual sessions of manual-guided cognitive-behavioral therapy, Comparing the single-blind period with endpoint, there was approximately a 33% reduction in drinks/day; 34% fall in the total number of drinking days/week; 22% decrease in drinks/drinking day; and a 37% diminution in. alcohol craving for all treatment groups, All treatment groups experienced a beneficial clinical outcome as assessed by the Clinical Global Impression Scale, There was, however. no significant difference between treatment groups on any of these measures of alcohol drinking, craving, or clinical outcome, Subjects were of relatively high social functioning at baseline, and this did not change significantly during treatment, Treatment groups did not differ significantly on either medication compliance or reported adverse events, Ritanserin treatment was associated with a dose-related prolongation of subjects' QTc interval recording on the electrocardiogram, These results suggest that alcohol dependent subjects can show marked clinical improvement within a structured alcohol treatment program, These findings do not support an important role for ritanserin in the treatment of alcohol dependence. C1 FRANCIS SCOTT KEY MED CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. HAIGHT ASHBURY FREE CLIN INC,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94117. UNIV CONNECTICUT,CTR HLTH,DEPT PSYCHIAT,ALCOHOL RES CTR,FARMINGTON,CT 06003. UNIV PENN,TREATMENT RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CHARLESTON,SC 29424. UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,ALCOHOL DISORDERS RES UNIT,MIAMI,FL 33136. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. MATRIX CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90025. JANSSEN RES FDN,TITUSVILLE,NJ 08560. RP Johnson, BA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,CLIN LAB,1300 MOURSUND,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. RI Mason, Barbara/P-6604-2016 NR 71 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD NOV PY 1996 VL 128 IS 2 BP 206 EP 215 DI 10.1007/s002130050126 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA VU304 UT WOS:A1996VU30400010 PM 8956382 ER PT J AU Foust, RT AF Foust, RT TI Infection of a pancreatic pseudocyst due to Candida albicans SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EARLY DIAGNOSIS; ABSCESS AB A 40-year-old man with diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, alcoholic cirrhosis, and chronic pancreatitis had an exacerbation of pancreatitis due to alcohol abuse, His condition deteriorated rapidly with development of apparent sepsis; cultures were negative, He slowly improved,vith multiple antibiotic therapy and total parenteral nutrition, Serial imaging of the pancreas revealed edematous pancreatitis that evolved initially into a phlegmon and later into multiple pseudocysts, Intermittent fever prompted computed-tomography-directed percutaneous aspiration of the largest pancreatic fluid collection, yielding purulent material that grew only Candida albicans, Subsequently, disseminated candidiasis developed. Despite therapy with amphotericin B and aggressive supportive care, the patient died from multiple organ system failure. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. RP Foust, RT (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV GASTROENTEROL & HEPATOL,SUITE 916,CSB,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD NOV PY 1996 VL 89 IS 11 BP 1104 EP 1107 DI 10.1097/00007611-199611000-00018 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VR731 UT WOS:A1996VR73100018 PM 8903299 ER PT J AU DeGiorgio, R Su, D Peter, D Edwards, RH Brecha, NC Sternini, C AF DeGiorgio, R Su, D Peter, D Edwards, RH Brecha, NC Sternini, C TI Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 expression in enteric neurons and enterochromaffin-like cells of the rat SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE biogenic amines; histamine; serotonin; amine-handling neurons; digestive tract ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; SMALL-INTESTINE; GUINEA-PIG; PRECURSORS; PANCREAS AB The cellular localization of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in the rat digestive tract was investigated with immunohistochemistry. VMAT2-immunoreactivity (IR) was localized to neurons and fibers of enteric and pancreatic ganglia, to processes supplying the gut wail, the pancreas and blood vessels, and to enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the gastric corpus, which contained calbindin-IR. Few VMAT2-IR cells were also found in the gastric antrum, but they did not contain gastrin-IR. VMAT2-IR was expressed in extrinsic sympathetic fibers as demonstrated by the elimination of a portion of VMAT2-IR processes by sympathectomy. The VMAT2-IR pattern is consistent with the overall distribution of biogenic amine cell groups in the digestive tract. Our results provide further evidence that VMAT2 is the vesicular amine transporter responsible for accumulation of monoamines into secretory vesicles of monoaminergic neurons and ECL cells. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL & BIOL CHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP DeGiorgio, R (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 115,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. OI De Giorgio, Roberto/0000-0003-0867-5873 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK41301] NR 16 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD OCT 18 PY 1996 VL 217 IS 2-3 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(96)13051-2 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VQ398 UT WOS:A1996VQ39800002 PM 8916076 ER PT J AU Harvey, PD Davidson, M White, L Keefe, RSE Hirschowitz, J Mohs, RC Davis, KL AF Harvey, PD Davidson, M White, L Keefe, RSE Hirschowitz, J Mohs, RC Davis, KL TI Empirical evaluation of the factorial structure of clinical symptoms in schizophrenia: Effects of typical neuroleptics on the brief psychiatric rating scale SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; neuroleptic; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ID NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; MODEL AB There has been little investigation of the effect of neuroleptic medication on the structure of symptoms in schizophrenia, In this study, 135 male schizophrenic patients were rated with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) after 4 weeks of treatment with typical neuroleptic medication and after 2 weeks free of neuroleptics, with the order of assessment varying across patients, Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) found that there were no differences in symptom structure across medication status and no differences in the structure of symptoms in treatment responders and nonresponders, The typical 5-factor BPRS model fit the data poorly and the fit improved considerably through deletion of items measuring symptoms not associated with schizophrenia, suggesting that some of the symptoms that contribute to a total BPRS score may be adding primarily error variance, Although the sample size in this study is limited, the results suggest that using total BPRS scores to measure severity of schizophrenic symptoms should be reconsidered. C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BRONX,NY. RP Harvey, PD (reprint author), MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,BOX 1229,NEW YORK,NY 10029, USA. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 40 IS 8 BP 755 EP 760 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00486-6 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA VL694 UT WOS:A1996VL69400009 PM 8894068 ER PT J AU Stevenson, WG Friedman, PL Kocovic, DZ Sager, PA Saxon, LA Pavri, BB AF Stevenson, WG Friedman, PL Kocovic, DZ Sager, PA Saxon, LA Pavri, BB TI Radiofrequency catheter ablation for sustained ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02115. HOSP UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11900120 ER PT J AU Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Wen, J Philo, JS Poon, PH Schumaker, VN Kempner, ES Wong, H AF Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Wen, J Philo, JS Poon, PH Schumaker, VN Kempner, ES Wong, H TI Human hepatic lipase subunit structure determination SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NIAMS,BETHESDA,MD. AMGEN INC,THOUSAND OAKS,CA 91320. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 884 EP 884 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11900882 ER PT J AU Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Nikazy, J Scholz, MC AF Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Nikazy, J Scholz, MC TI A molecular biology-based approach to examine lipoprotein lipase subunit orientation SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 885 EP 885 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11900883 ER PT J AU BenZeev, O BriquetLaugier, V Doolittle, MH AF BenZeev, O BriquetLaugier, V Doolittle, MH TI Lec 23 and cld: Mutations affecting two enzymes of the lipase gene family SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 886 EP 886 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11900884 ER PT J AU Laugier, VB BenZeev, O Doolittle, MH AF Laugier, VB BenZeev, O Doolittle, MH TI Lipoprotein lipase is misfolded in combined lipase deficiency SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 887 EP 887 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11900885 ER PT J AU Thompson, JT Rackley, MR Menick, DR Cooper, G OBrien, TX Johnson, RH AF Thompson, JT Rackley, MR Menick, DR Cooper, G OBrien, TX Johnson, RH TI Analysis of cytochrome C transcription in right ventricular overload and hypertrophically stimulated cardiomyocytes. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,RALPH H JOHNSON VAMC,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 1797 EP 1797 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11901792 ER PT J AU Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT Hamilton, M Barslow, TJ AF Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT Hamilton, M Barslow, TJ TI The exercise-induced oxidative stress paradox: The effects of physical exercise training SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 1899 EP 1899 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11901894 ER PT J AU Durante, W Liao, L Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Liao, L Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI TI Lysophosphatidylcholine stimulates the transport of cationic amino acids and their metabolism to growth stimulatory polyamines in vascular smooth muscle cells. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOUSTON VA MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 2350 EP 2350 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11902345 ER PT J AU Murray, DR Prabhu, SD Freeman, GL AF Murray, DR Prabhu, SD Freeman, GL TI Detrimental effect of L-NAME on mechanical restitution in closed-chest dogs SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UTHSC,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 2448 EP 2448 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11902443 ER PT J AU Keller, MW AF Keller, MW TI Adenosine metabolites are responsible for mast cell degranulation and arteriolar constriction during reperfusion of ischemic skeletal muscle SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER,CO. DENVER VET AFFAIRS HOSP,DENVER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 2485 EP 2485 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11902479 ER PT J AU Baruch, L ODwyer, P Patacsil, P Stern, EH Chockalingam, S Eng, C Javed, MT AF Baruch, L ODwyer, P Patacsil, P Stern, EH Chockalingam, S Eng, C Javed, MT TI Thrombogenic milieu of atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation: Similar or different? A transesophageal echocardiographic study before and after cardioversion. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,BRONX,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 2662 EP 2662 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11902654 ER PT J AU Laurie, A Shroyer, W MaWhinney, S Warner, BA Hammermeister, KE Grover, FL AF Laurie, A Shroyer, W MaWhinney, S Warner, BA Hammermeister, KE Grover, FL TI No relationship between coronary artery bypass procedure volume and hospital length of stay SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DENVER VA MED CTR,DENVER,CO. RI Shroyer, Annie Laurie/B-8836-2016 OI Shroyer, Annie Laurie/0000-0001-6461-0623 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 2964 EP 2964 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11902956 ER PT J AU Wong, M Cohen, I Taylor, R Baruch, L Perry, G Deedwania, PC Lopez, B Jay, CN AF Wong, M Cohen, I Taylor, R Baruch, L Perry, G Deedwania, PC Lopez, B Jay, CN TI Felodipine as adjunctive therapy in failing hearts improves ventricular emptying. V-HeFT III: Echocardiographic sub-study SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 3252 EP 3252 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11903242 ER PT J AU Hammermeister, KE Sethi, GK Henderson, WG Rahimtoola, S AF Hammermeister, KE Sethi, GK Henderson, WG Rahimtoola, S TI Comparison of outcomes 16 years after randomization to valve replacement with a bioprosthetic or mechanical prosthetic valve SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DENVER VA MED CTR,DENVER,CO. TUCSON VA MED CTR,TUCSON,AZ. UNIV SO CALIF,LOS ANGELES,CA. EDWARD HINES VET ADM MED CTR,HINES,IL 60141. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 3798 EP 3798 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11903789 ER PT J AU Jelicks, L Li, CS Etgen, A Nordin, C Siri, F AF Jelicks, L Li, CS Etgen, A Nordin, C Siri, F TI Inverse relation between dihydropyridine binding and intracellular free sodium in hypertrophied guinea pig hearts. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,BRONX,NY 10467. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,BRONX,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 15 PY 1996 VL 94 IS 8 SU S BP 3873 EP 3873 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VN119 UT WOS:A1996VN11903864 ER PT J AU Wang, LX Cardin, S Martinez, V Tache, Y AF Wang, LX Cardin, S Martinez, V Tache, Y TI Intracerebroventricular CRF inhibits cold restraint-induced c-fos expression in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and gastric erosions in rats SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fos; cold; CRF; dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus; raphe pallidus; gastric erosion; central amygdala; nucleus tractus solitarius; paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; SYMPATHETIC PREGANGLIONIC NEURONS; VAGAL COMPLEX; RAPHE PALLIDUS; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; LESION FORMATION; SOLITARY TRACT; SPINAL-CORD; CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPONSES; ADRENAL MEDULLARY AB Acute exposure to cold-restraint induces vagal-dependent gastric erosions associated with activation of neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMN) in rats. The influence of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) (10 mu g) on c-fos expression in the brain and gastric erosions induced by 3 h cold-restraint was investigated in conscious rats. In cold-restraint exposed rats, CRF injected i.c.v. inhibited gastric erosions and the number of Fos positive neurons in the DMN by 93 and 72%, respectively. while Fos labelling in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) was as increased by 5-fold compared with vehicle group. c-fos expression was also induced in the central amygdala by i.c.v. CRF, unlike the vehicle-injected group exposed to cold-restraint, c-fos expression induced by cold-restraint in the raphe pallidus (Rpa) and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus was not altered by i.c.v. CRF. These data indicate that central CRF-induced gastric protection results from the inhibition of DMN neuronal activity enhanced by cold-restraint. CRF action on DMN neurons may be related to the increase in the NTS and central amygdala inputs leading to inhibition of DMN neurons rather than to the decrease in the excitatory input from the caudal raphe projections to the DMN. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST BRAIN RES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Wang, LX (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33061]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 58 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD OCT 14 PY 1996 VL 736 IS 1-2 BP 44 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(96)00726-3 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VR613 UT WOS:A1996VR61300006 PM 8930307 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Nuechterlein, KH Marder, SR Mintz, J Dery, K Laack, K AF Bartzokis, G Nuechterlein, KH Marder, SR Mintz, J Dery, K Laack, K TI Age at illness onset and left temporal lobe length in males with schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance imaging (mri); schizophrenia; temporal lobe length; illness onset ID STRUCTURAL BRAIN CHANGES; LONG-TERM COURSE; HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE; NATURAL-HISTORY; LIMBIC SYSTEM; BASAL GANGLIA; POST-MORTEM; VOLUME; SUBTYPES; ABNORMALITIES AB Post-mortem data suggest that in schizophrenia, temporal lobe length may be associated with age at illness onset. We used sagittal magnetic resonance images standardly acquired in reference to a coronal pilot image to obtain linear measurements of the left hemisphere in 38 male schizophrenic patients early in the course of their illness and 21 matched normal controls. In addition to temporal lobe and anterior temporal lobe (anterior to the anterior commissure) lengths, measurements of maximal brain and skull lengths were also obtained. The data show that differences in temporal lobe length between patients and normal controls are primarily due to significant differences between the groups in the global measures of brain and skull lengths. However, within the patient group, a significant association between temporal lobe length and age at onset of psychosis was observed. The same association was observed when the anterior part of the temporal lobe was measured separately. These associations remained significant after controlling for multiple variables such as subject height and brain and skull lengths. Further statistical evaluations showed that the temporal lobe was significantly shorter among the subgroup of schizophrenics whose illness began before the age of 23. The data suggest that temporal lobe length may be a useful variable for investigating the biological heterogeneity of schizophrenia and highlight important technical issues regarding current efforts to measure the volumes of temporal lobe structures. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90074. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES CTY HARBOR MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,TORRANCE,CA 90509. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,MAIL CODE B-151H,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0925-4927 J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging PD OCT 7 PY 1996 VL 67 IS 3 BP 189 EP 201 DI 10.1016/0925-4927(96)02894-6 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA VQ760 UT WOS:A1996VQ76000003 PM 8912958 ER PT J AU Islam, M Paul, RV AF Islam, M Paul, RV TI Correction of metabolic alkalosis by potassium chloride in ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hypokalemia; metabolic alkalosis; adrenocorticotropic hormone; 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ID 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; APPARENT MINERALOCORTICOID EXCESS; DEPENDENT CUSHINGS-SYNDROME; CORTISOL; HYPERTENSION; DEPLETION AB A 57-year-old white man presented with metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia (pH 7.58, HCO3 >50 mEq/L, serum K 1.8 mEq/L) and hypertension, The initial evaluation was significant for markedly elevated serum cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level; neither hormone showed circadian rhythm or suppression with high-dose dexamethasone. Perihilar and supraclavicular masses were found to consist of undifferentiated small cell carcinoma, Ectopic ACTH syndrome was diagnosed, In spite of progressively rising hormone levels (ACTH, 723 pg/dL; and cortisol, 212 mu g/dL), his severe metabolic alkalosis was largely corrected by aggressive treatment with potassium chloride alone, Possible mechanisms of these clinical findings are discussed. (C) 1996 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV NEPHROL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 28 IS 4 BP 610 EP 613 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(96)90475-8 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VL786 UT WOS:A1996VL78600020 PM 8840954 ER PT J AU Olsen, WA Lloyd, M Korsmo, H He, YZ AF Olsen, WA Lloyd, M Korsmo, H He, YZ TI Regulation of sucrase and lactase in Caco-2 cells: Relationship to nuclear factors SIF-1 and NF-LPH-1 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sucrase-isomaltase; lactase-phlorizin hydrolase; developmental regulation; transcription factors ID PHLORHIZIN HYDROLASE; INTESTINAL LACTASE; ISOMALTASE GENE; MESSENGER-RNA; EXPRESSION; PROMOTER; PROTEINS; TRANSCRIPTION; INTERACTS; BINDING AB Recent studies suggest the importance of two transcription factors, Cdx-2 and NF-LPH-1, in the regulation of sucrase-isomaltase (SI) and lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) gene expression, respectively. Cdx-2 accounts for the tissue specificity of sucrase expression (16), and NF-LPH-1 varies with postnatal changes in lactase activity, suggesting a role in its developmental regulation (22). We used electrophoretic mobility shift assays to study the relationship of Cdx-2 and NF-LPH-1 to SI and LPH gene expression in Caco-2 cells to provide evidence regarding the role of these factors in the development of sucrase and lactase with cellular differentiation. We found that Cdx-2 levels correlated with SI expression and that NF-LPH-1 did not correlate with LPH expression. These studies suggest a role for Cdx-2 but not for NF-LPH-1 in the development of carbohydrase expression in these cells. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT MED, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. RP Olsen, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MED SERV, GASTROENTEROL RES LAB, 2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R-29-DK-45785] NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 271 IS 4 BP G707 EP G713 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA VN420 UT WOS:A1996VN42000023 PM 8897892 ER PT J AU Emmons, C AF Emmons, C TI Halide transport patterns of apical anion exchange in rabbit cortical collecting duct intercalated cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transepithelial acid-base transport; bicarbonate secretion; apical anion exchanger ID CHLORIDE-BICARBONATE EXCHANGE; INTRACELLULAR PH; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; TUBULE; SYSTEMS; CL AB To investigate halide selectivity patterns of cortical collecting duct (CCD) intercalated cells (ICs), intracellular pH (pH(i)) was measured in perfused rabbit outer CCD ICs in Na+-free, HCO3--buffered, 115 mM Cl- solutions. Apical anion exchange activity was measured as the dpH(i)/dt after lumen Cl- replacement with gluconate. The perfusate was randomly changed to equimolar Br-, F-, or I-. Addition of Br- to the lumen in place of gluconate caused a brisk acidification similar to that with Cl- return. The acidification rate with I- replacement was only similar to 25% of that seen with Cl- readdition, and F- substitution resulted in a small alkalinization. In a separate protocol, each halide was substituted for lumen Cl-. Replacement of lumen Cl- with Br- resulted in intracellular acidification, whereas F- substitution caused an increase in pH(i) similar to that with gluconate. A slower rate of alkalinization was seen with I-. Separate tubules were perfused and bathed in Cl--free gluconate solutions for 10 min, and then either Cl- or Br- was returned to the lumen. Similar rates of acidification were found with either Cl- or Br- return. Taken together, the results show that, at a halide concentration of 115 mM, the halide selectivity transport pattern of the apical anion exchanger of CCD ICs is Cl- = Br- > I- > F-. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, RES SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6127 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 271 IS 4 BP F799 EP F805 PG 7 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA VL765 UT WOS:A1996VL76500004 PM 8898009 ER PT J AU Morris, AK Valley, AW AF Morris, AK Valley, AW TI Overview of the management of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; RECOMBINANT INTERFERON-ALPHA; LEUKOCYTE-A INTERFERON; PHASE-II; INTRALESIONAL VINBLASTINE; LIPOSOMAL DAUNORUBICIN; STAGING CRITERIA; BETA-INTERFERON AB OBJECTIVE: To review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), as well as the current role of local and systemic therapies in the management of AIDS-related KS (AIDS-KS). DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: MEDLINE and CANCERLIT searches of the English-language medical literature were conducted. Emphasis was placed on studies published since the onset of the AIDS epidemic in the early 1980s. A manual review of selected bibliographies was also completed, DATA SYNTHESIS: AIDS-KS is a disease with a heterogeneous presentation that affects approximately 20% of patients with AIDS. Although the proportion of AIDS patients developing this disease during the course of their illness is declining, the actual number of AIDS-KS cases is increasing. The etiology of AIDS-KS is not clear, but a sexually transmitted cofactor has been implicated. Recent reports demonstrate that a herpes-like virus may be responsible for the development of KS in patients with and without AIDS. Furthermore, the cellular origin of KS has not been identified and questions remain about whether KS represents a true malignancy. The system used in staging patients with AIDS-KS has changed dramatically since initial therapeutic trials were conducted, this may account for observed differences in outcome among trials. The immunologic status of patients is now included as part of the staging system, since it has prognostic significance, Since specific therapy for AIDS-KS is not curative and does not prolong survival, it should be directed at improving patient cosmesis and palliation of disease-related symptoms. Local therapy, such as radiation, cryotherapy, and intralesional chemotherapy, is recommended for the management of limited disease, Systemic interferon alfa or chemotherapy is indicated for disseminated disease. Interferon alfa is useful in patients with predominantly mucocutaneous disease and is most effective in patients with good prognostic factors, such as absence of B symptoms, no history of opportunistic infections, and a CD4 count of more than 200 cells/mm(3). Interferon alfa alone or in combination with zidovudine produces responses in approximately 30% of AIDS-KS patients with good prognostic factors. Single-agent or combination chemotherapy is indicated for rapidly progressive or advanced AIDS-KS. Commonly used agents include doxorubicin, daunorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, and vinblastine. Responses can be expected in at least 50% of patients treated with single-agent or combination chemotherapy. However, many patients are unable to tolerate the toxicity associated with systemic AIDS-KS therapy. Future research will focus on therapies that target the underlying pathogenesis of this disease. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal therapy for patients with AIDS-KS has not been determined. Treatment is appropriately directed at palliation of disease-related symptoms as no therapy has been unequivocally proven to impact survival. Local therapies should be used in the management of localized disease, while systemic therapy is appropriate for disseminated disease. Interferon alfa is useful in patients with primarily mucocutaneous disease or asymptomatic visceral involvement, Chemotherapy is indicated in patients who have rapidly progressive or advanced disease. Therapy must be individualized according to the patient's disease course and other patient-specific factors. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,CLIN PHARM PROGRAM,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Morris, AK (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,BOX 1111,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 81 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1150 EP 1163 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VL133 UT WOS:A1996VL13300015 PM 8893123 ER PT J AU Canver, CC Nichols, RD Cooler, SD Heisey, DM Murray, EL Kroncke, GM AF Canver, CC Nichols, RD Cooler, SD Heisey, DM Murray, EL Kroncke, GM TI Influence of increasing age on long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SURGERY; OLDER; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; OCTOGENARIANS AB Background. Despite the steady increase in the number of elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), skepticism still exists as to whether this operation is justified in older people with a reduced life expectancy. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of increasing age on outcome after CABG. Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed on 1,689 consecutive veterans of the United States Armed Forces undergoing isolated primary CABG from January 1972 through December 1994. For better comparison, they were arbitrarily divided by age into three groups: group I, 50 years of age or less (n = 213), group II, between 51 and 70 years of age (n = 1,258), and group III, more than 70 years of age (n = 218). Long-term survival for each group was compared to that of their age-matched population derived from Wisconsin life tables. Results. The preoperative ejection fraction was comparable in all three groups (p = 0.114). The patients older than 70 years of age had received more grafts per operation than the patients 50 years of age and younger (3.7 versus 3.3) (p = 0.0001). Although the aortic cross-clamp time was prolonged with advanced age (p = 0.0002), the cardiopulmonary perfusion time was shortest in elderly patients (p = 0.0001). The early (30-day) mortality for the entire study population was 1.3%. There was a linear correlation between increasing age and early (30-day) mortality: group I, 0.5% (1/213); group II, 1.0% (13/1,258); and group III, 3.2% (7/218). The overall 10-year actuarial survival for all patients was 67%. The 10-year survival was diminished with increasing age (p = 0.0001): 74% for group I, 68% for group II, and 47% for group III. Comparative analysis of the three groups with their age-matched counterparts demonstrated an age-related survival after CABG. In group I, reduced survival was evident 4 years after the CABG: the 10-year survival in group I was 74.2%, and the survival of their age-matched population was 93.4% (confidence interval, 67% to 81.9%). In group II a survival difference was obvious 8 years after CABG: 10-year survival of 67.5% versus 75.1% in their age-matched population (confidence interval, 64.8% to 71.6%). In the elderly group of patients, no survival difference was noted: 10-year survival of 42.7% versus 45.9% of the age-matched population (confidence interval, 29.8% to 64.6%). Conclusions. An acceptable early mortality and long-term survival equal to those seen for an age-matched elderly population are sound outcome measures that support the justification of CABG in older patients irrespective of age. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SECT CARDIOTHORAC SURG,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 62 IS 4 BP 1123 EP 1127 DI 10.1016/0003-4975(96)00446-8 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA VK874 UT WOS:A1996VK87400044 PM 8823100 ER PT J AU Anaissie, EJ Paetznick, VL Ensign, LG EspinelIngroff, A Galgiani, JN Hitchcock, CA LaRocco, M Patterson, T Pfaller, MA Rex, JH Rinaldi, MG AF Anaissie, EJ Paetznick, VL Ensign, LG EspinelIngroff, A Galgiani, JN Hitchcock, CA LaRocco, M Patterson, T Pfaller, MA Rex, JH Rinaldi, MG TI Microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with and without agitation: An eight-center collaborative study SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID BROTH MACRODILUTION; AMPHOTERICIN-B; MULTICENTER EVALUATION; IN-VITRO; FLUCONAZOLE; YEASTS; AGENTS AB The growth patterns observed in the trailing wells when fluconazole is being tested may give rise to readings that suggest resistance or increased MICs for known susceptible strains. We conducted a multicenter study to evaluate the intralaboratory and interlaboratory reproducibilities of a method that uses agitation to disperse these types of growth. Ten strains of Candida albicans and five strains of Cryptococcus neoformans were tested against fluconazole, flucytosine, and amphotericin B by using a microdilution adaptation of the proposed reference method of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for yeasts (M27-T). The endpoint criterion used before agitation was consistent with the M27-T recommendation, while a criterion of 50% or more reduction of growth compared with the control was used after agitation, The results of this study showed that use of agitation and the modified endpoint criterion both improved intralaboratory and inter-laboratory agreement and increased the frequency of interpretable MICs, The MICs obtained by this method were comparable to those obtained by the broth macrodilution M27-T method. Like M27-T, this method was not able to definitely distinguish amphotericin B-susceptible from -resistant strains, although the MICs for the resistant strains were consistently higher than those for the susceptible ones. The findings imply that agitation should be seriously considered when antifungal agents, particularly fluconazole, are tested in a microdilution format. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT BIOMATH,HOUSTON,TX 77030. ST LUKES EPISCOPAL HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,CTR INFECT DIS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,DIV INFECT DIS,RICHMOND,VA 23298. UNIV ARIZONA,MED SERV 111,VA MED CTR,TUCSON,AZ 85723. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT MED,TUCSON,AZ 85723. PFIZER LTD,SANDWICH,KENT,ENGLAND. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,INFECT DIS SECT,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,LAB SERV 113,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Anaissie, EJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,BOX 47,1515 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 16672] NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 40 IS 10 BP 2387 EP 2391 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VK835 UT WOS:A1996VK83500030 PM 8891149 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, RN Richter, RW Risser, RC Taubman, K PradoFarmer, I Ebalo, E Posey, J Kingfisher, D Dean, D Weiner, MF Svetlik, D Adams, P Honig, LS Cullum, CM Schaefer, FV Schellenberg, GD AF Rosenberg, RN Richter, RW Risser, RC Taubman, K PradoFarmer, I Ebalo, E Posey, J Kingfisher, D Dean, D Weiner, MF Svetlik, D Adams, P Honig, LS Cullum, CM Schaefer, FV Schellenberg, GD TI Genetic factors for the development of Alzheimer disease in the Cherokee Indian SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-E POLYMORPHISM; TYPE-4 ALLELE; FREQUENCIES; POPULATIONS; EPSILON-4; DEMENTIA AB Objective: To study the relationship between the genetic degree of Cherokee ancestry, the apolipoprotein E *E4 (APOE*E4) allele type, and the development of Alzheimer disease (AD) in individuals from the Cherokee Nation who reside in northeastern Oklahoma. Setting: Alzheimer disease center satellite clinic and university departments of neurology, psychiatry, and academic computing. Design: Standardized dementia evaluations based on criteria from the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association were performed on 26 patients aged 65 years or older to establish a diagnosis of AD. Twenty-six control subjects were recruited and similarly assessed. The APOE allele type determinations were obtained on all patients and control subjects. Appropriate statistical analyses were used to compare the genetic degree of Cherokee ancestry, the APOE allele type, and the development of AD. Results: The data indicated that as the genetic degree of Cherokee Indian ancestry increased, the representation of AD decreased. The 9 patients with AD with a greater than 50% genetic degree of Cherokee ancestry constituted 35% of the group with AD. The 17 remaining patients with AD who were less than 50% Cherokee constituted 65% of the group with AD. In contrast, 17 (65%) of the control subjects were more than 50% Cherokee; only 9 (35%) were less than 50% Cherokee. These percentages of AD were not changed by the *E4 allele. This inverse relationship between the genetic degree of Cherokee ancestry and AD, independent of the APOE*E4 allele status, diminished with increasing age, suggesting an age-related protective effect of being Cherokee. For a decrease of 10% in Cherokee ancestry, the odds of developing AD are estimated to be 9.00 times greater at age 65 years but only 1.34 times greater at age 80 years. Conclusions: A greater genetic degree of Cherokee ancestry reduces the risk of developing AD and, thus, seems protective. This protective genetic factor is independent of APOE allele type and diminishes with age. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,ACAD COMP CTR,DALLAS,TX 75235. ST JOHNS HOSP,ALZHEIMERS DIS RES UNIT,TULSA,OK. UNIV OKLAHOMA,COLL MED,TULSA,OK 74136. CHEROKEE NAT,HLTH SERV DIV,TAHLEQUAH,OK. HA CHAPMAN INST MED GENET,TULSA,OK. UNIV WASHINGTON,MED CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98195. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,GERONTOL SERV,SEATTLE,WA. RP Rosenberg, RN (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,5323 HARRY HINES BLVD,DALLAS,TX 75235, USA. OI Weiner, Myron/0000-0001-5682-4410 FU NIA NIH HHS [AGP30 12300] NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 53 IS 10 BP 997 EP 1000 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VM031 UT WOS:A1996VM03100011 PM 8859062 ER PT J AU Branigan, PJ Gerard, HC Hudson, AP Schumacher, HR AF Branigan, PJ Gerard, HC Hudson, AP Schumacher, HR TI Comparison of synovial tissue and synovial fluid as the source of nucleic acids for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by polymerase chain reaction SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID REITERS-SYNDROME; ARTHRITIS; INFECTION; DISEASE; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; ANTIGEN; JOINTS AB Objective. Difficulties in detecting Chlamydia trachomatis in human joints by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may be related to whether synovial tissue or synovial fluid (SF) is used as the source of DNA in PCR amplification. In this study, a new PCR assay was developed and used to compare chlamydial DNA in paired samples of SF and synovial tissue front patients with arthritis. Methods. The PCR assay targeted the ribosomal RNA operons, which are present in 2 copies on the C trachomatis chromosome. DNA from several relevant bacteria and chlamydial serovars was used for testing this screening system. The detection of chlamydial DNA in nucleic acid preparations from matched samples of SF and synovial tissue was compared by PCR assay. Samples were obtained from 55 patients, including patients with reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, and other arthropathies. Results. Testing of the PCR screening system confirmed it to be highly specific and sensitive. Use of this assay to screen DNA from SF and synovial tissue samples showed that 29 (53%) of 55 synovial tissue preparations were positive for chlamydial DNA, but only 16 (29%) of the matched SF samples from these 29 patients were similarly positive. Five (9%) of 55 SF samples, but not their tissue counterparts, were positive for chlamydial DNA by PCR. Conclusion. Detection of chlamydial DNA in the joints of patients by PCR give positive results more often when synovial tissue rather than SF is the source of target nucleic acids. Although synovial tissue is the source of choice for the most reliable determination of chlamydia in the joint, both synovial tissue and SF should be assayed if possible. C1 MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ARTHRIT & IMMUNOL CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. OI Branigan, Patrick/0000-0001-9741-9067 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541] NR 33 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 39 IS 10 BP 1740 EP 1746 DI 10.1002/art.1780391018 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VL140 UT WOS:A1996VL14000017 PM 8843866 ER PT J AU Gentili, A Masih, S Yao, L Seeger, LL AF Gentili, A Masih, S Yao, L Seeger, LL TI Foot axes and angles SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY LA English DT Review AB Using radiographs and diagrams, this article reviews the most commonly used axes and angles of the foot, including: longitudinal axis of the rearfoot, collum tall axis, talocalcaneal angle, cuboid abduction angle, longitudinal axis of the lesser tarsus, lesser tarsus angle, talonavicular angle, longitudinal axis of the metatarsus, forefoot adductus angle, metatarsus adductus angle, first intermetatarsal angle, hallux valgus angle, proximal and distal articular set angles, and hallux interphalangeal angle, plane of support, collum tall axis, talar declination angle, calcaneal inclination axis, lateral talocalcaneal angle, first metatarsal declination axis and calcaneal inclination angle. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT RADIOL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Gentili, A (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Gentili, Amilcare/G-1238-2013 OI Gentili, Amilcare/0000-0002-5623-7512 NR 5 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU BRITISH INST RADIOLOGY PI LONDON PA 36 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 4AT SN 0007-1285 J9 BRIT J RADIOL JI Br. J. Radiol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 69 IS 826 BP 968 EP 974 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VM782 UT WOS:A1996VM78200016 PM 9038535 ER PT J AU Kazachkov, Y Khaoustov, V Yoffe, B Solomon, H Klintmalm, GBG Tabor, E AF Kazachkov, Y Khaoustov, V Yoffe, B Solomon, H Klintmalm, GBG Tabor, E TI P53 Abnormalities in hepatocellular carcinoma from United States patients: Analysis of all 11 exons SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; NITRIC-OXIDE; CODON 249; GENE; MUTATION; DNA; ONCOGENES; CELLS AB Mutations of the tumor suppressor gene p53 have been found in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) from many countries where HCC is common, but p53 mutations detected by direct sequencing in HCCs from the United States (where HCC is uncommon) have been reported only rarely. p53 Exons 1 to 11 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, and direct sequencing in HCCs from 12 patients from the United States and in adjacent non-tumorous liver from 10 of them, Abnormalities of the p53 gene were found in five of the 12 tumors, including mutations in exon 4 (one patient), exon 5 (one patient) and exon 8 (three patients). In all 12 tumors, a normal conformation of exon 7 was found; in five of these HCCs the absence of mutations was confirmed by direct sequencing, Thus, the mutations of p53 codon 249 that have frequently been found in HCCs from endemic areas apparently do not play a role in most HCCs in the United States, Since the mutations in codon 249 are thought to be due to aflatoxin ingestion, the data suggest that factors other than aflatoxin may be responsible for the p53 abnormalities in the patients from the USA. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES HFM310,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. BAYLOR COLL MED,VA MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR UNIV,MED CTR,DALLAS,TX. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 10 BP 2207 EP 2212 DI 10.1093/carcin/17.10.2207 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA VM805 UT WOS:A1996VM80500016 PM 8895490 ER PT J AU Tashkin, DP Kleerup, EC Koyal, SN Marques, JA Goldman, MD AF Tashkin, DP Kleerup, EC Koyal, SN Marques, JA Goldman, MD TI Acute effects of inhaled and IV cocaine on airway dynamics SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE airway resistance; bronchomotor tone; cocaine base; cocaine HCl ID PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS; CRACK; ABUSE; HUMANS; BASE; PYROLYSIS; LIDOCAINE; SMOKERS; ASTHMA AB Background: Wheezing has been reported by 32% of habitual smokers of crack cocaine, and several cases of crack-related acute exacerbations of asthma have been reported. Study objective: To compare the acute effects of physiologically active doses of smoked cocaine base and IV cocaine hydrochloride (HCl), a subphysiologic dose of cocaine base (smoked ''placebo''), and IV saline solution placebo on bronchomotor tone, subjective level of intoxication, and cardiovascular responses in healthy habitual crack users. Design: A single-blind crossover study in which the order of route of administration (inhaled vs IV) was random but placebo always preceded the active drug. Subjects: Fourteen healthy, nonasthmatic current crack-smoking subjects, 34 to 48, years of age, with a history of previous IV cocaine use (1 to 12 times per lifetime). Methods: Heart rate, BP, self-rated level of intoxication (scale of 0 to 10), and measurements of airway resistance (Raw) and specific airway conductance (SGaw) were recorded during separate sessions before and 3 to 5, 10, 15, and 30 min after administration of smoked cocaine base (38.5+/-2.3 [SEM] mg), smoked placebo (2.3+/-0.9 mg cocaine base), IV cocaine HCl (30.0+/-2.0 mg), and IV placebo (saline solution). Results: Both smoked active cocaine and IV cocaine HCl caused comparable, significant (p<0.05) peak levels of acute intoxication (6.7+/-0.7 and 7.3+/-0.8, respectively) and increases in heart rate from baseline (29.6+/-2.9% and 21.4+/-3.7%, respectively, at 5 min), However, only smoked active cocaine caused significant decreases from baseline in SGaw (25.4+/-6.3% at 5 min), in contrast to nonsignificant changes after IV cocaine HCl (5.6+/-7.0% increase) and smoked placebo (10.2+/-6.0% decrease). Conclusions: Smoked cocaine base, but not systemically administered cocaine HCl, causes acute bronchoconstriction that is probably mediated by local airway irritation and could account for reports of crack-induced wheezing and asthma attacks in nonasthmatic and asthmatic individuals, respectively. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Tashkin, DP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,ROOM 32-176,CHS,10833 LE CONTE AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. OI Marques, Agostinho/0000-0002-4227-2093 FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA008254, R01 DA08254] NR 36 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD OCT PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 BP 904 EP 910 DI 10.1378/chest.110.4.904 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA VN269 UT WOS:A1996VN26900012 PM 8874243 ER PT J AU Lipsky, BA Baker, CA AF Lipsky, BA Baker, CA TI Improving the appropriateness of vancomycin usage in a VA Medical Center. SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VN246 UT WOS:A1996VN24600088 ER PT J AU Shuster, TA Martin, F Nagy, AK AF Shuster, TA Martin, F Nagy, AK TI Zinc causes an apparent increase in rhodopsin phosphorylation SO CURRENT EYE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE rhodopsin; rhodopsin phosphorylation; zinc; rhodopsin kinase; rod outer segment; bovine (cattle) ID ROD OUTER SEGMENTS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; LIGHT-DEPENDENT PHOSPHORYLATION; PHOTORECEPTOR MEMBRANES; DISK MEMBRANES; BINDING; DEPHOSPHORYLATION; COPPER AB Purpose. Rhodopsin is a zinc-binding protein. We investigated the effect of low concentrations of zinc on the initial phosphorylation of rhodopsin. Methods. Dark-adapted bovine rod outer segments (ROS) were incubated with (gamma(32)P)ATP and 5 mM magnesium in the presence and absence of micromolar amounts of zinc. The ROS were exposed to light to initiate phosphorylation under conditions which allow only limited initial phosphorylation. Results. We found that zinc enhanced the rhodopsin phosphorylation apparent on autoradiographies by several fold. Phosphorylation reactions conducted in the presence of potent phospho-opsin phosphatase inhibitors show a comparable zinc-enhanced phosphorylation of rhodopsin. Under our reaction conditions, ROS membranes also appear more red upon initial exposure to light when zinc is present. Conclusions. Zinc can increase initial rhodopsin phosphorylation, apparently acting at the substrate rhodopsin and not at relevant phosphatases or rhodopsin kinase. How zinc binding to rhodopsin might increase its ability to serve as a substrate for phosphorylation is under investigation. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Shuster, TA (reprint author), CALIF STATE UNIV LONG BEACH,DEPT SCI BIOL,1250 BELLFLOWER BLVD,LONG BEACH,CA 90840, USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [R15 EY10612] NR 34 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0271-3683 J9 CURR EYE RES JI Curr. Eye Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1019 EP 1024 DI 10.3109/02713689609017650 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA VL889 UT WOS:A1996VL88900005 PM 8921240 ER PT J AU MeyerRosberg, K Scott, DR Rex, D Melchers, K Sachs, G AF MeyerRosberg, K Scott, DR Rex, D Melchers, K Sachs, G TI The effect of environmental pH on the proton motive force of Helicobacter pylori SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; GNOTOBIOTIC PIGLETS; MEMBRANE-VESICLES; ACID-SECRETION; MUCUS LAYER; UREASE; OMEPRAZOLE AB Background & Aims: Responses of the proton motive farce (the driving force for protons) in Helicobacter pylori to varying medium pH may explain gastric colonization. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of external pH (pH(out)) on the proton motive force, the sum of the pH gradient, and the potential difference across the bacterial membrane. Methods: Intracellular pH (pH(in)) was measured by bis-carboxyethyl-carboxyfluorescein fluorescence and transmembrane potential difference (PD) by fluorescent quenching of 3,3'-dipropyl thiadicarbocyanine iodide at differing pH(out) and was correlated with survival, Results: PD was -131 +/- 0.36 mV (n = 3), and pH(in) was about 8.4 at loading pH(out) 7.0. PD increased as pH(out) was increased from 4.0 to 8.0, giving a constant proton motive force of about -220 mV. Outside these limits, PD collapsed irreversibly to zero, Addition of 5 mmol/l urea to weak buffer at pH 3.0 or 3.5 prevented irreversible collapse of PD by elevation of pH(out) caused by NH3 production, Urea addition to weak buffer at pH 7.0 collapsed the PD as urease activity increased the pH(out) to about 8.4, Survival was also limited to this range of pH(out). Conclusions: H. pylori survives over the range of pH(out) where it maintains a proton motive force. The effect of urease activity on pH(out), while allowing gastric survival in acidic media, may limit survival in nonacidic media. C1 W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL & MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. BYK GULDEN LOMBERG GMBH,D-7750 CONSTANCE,GERMANY. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK40615, DK41301] NR 46 TC 136 Z9 136 U1 1 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 111 IS 4 BP 886 EP 900 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(96)70056-2 PG 15 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VL248 UT WOS:A1996VL24800005 PM 8831583 ER PT J AU Abboud, PAC Malet, PF Berlin, JA Staroscik, R Cabana, MD Clarke, JR Shea, JA Schwartz, JS Williams, SV AF Abboud, PAC Malet, PF Berlin, JA Staroscik, R Cabana, MD Clarke, JR Shea, JA Schwartz, JS Williams, SV TI Predictors of common bile duct stones prior to cholecystectomy: A meta-analysis SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; OPERATIVE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY; INTRAOPERATIVE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC-TEST; SELECTIVE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY; ELECTIVE CHOLECYSTECTOMY; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; MANAGEMENT; CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS AB Background: The decision of whether or not to investigate for common bile duct stones before cholecystectomy utilizes clinical, laboratory, and radiologic information (indicators). There is tremendous individual variation among clinicians in the criteria used for making this decision. Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis of published data to estimate the performance characteristics of the most commonly used preoperative indicators of common bile duct stones. Methods: Using predetermined exclusion criteria, we selected articles from a MEDLINE search and bibliographic review. Weighted averages were used to determine summary sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios for each indicator for stones. Results: From 2221 citations identified, 22 studies met inclusion criteria. The 10 indicators examined were reported in a common fashion in three or more articles, and could be assessed preoperatively. Seven exhibited a specificity greater than 90%. Indicators with positive likelihood ratios of 10 or above were cholangitis, preoperative jaundice, and ultrasound evidence of common bile duct stones. Positive likelihood ratios for dilated common bile duct on ultrasound, hyperbilirubinemia, and jaundice ranged from almost 4 to almost 7, Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and hyperamylasemia exhibited positive likelihood ratios of less than 3. Conclusions: This meta-analysis has identified indicators for duct stones and ranked them according to likelihood ratios. These findings can be applied as guidelines for whether to investigate for duct stones before cholecystectomy. C1 UNIV PENN,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DIV GASTROENTEROL,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DEPT SURG,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS06481] NR 75 TC 139 Z9 145 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 450 EP 457 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(96)70098-6 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VN676 UT WOS:A1996VN67600017 PM 8905367 ER PT J AU McHorney, CA AF McHorney, CA TI Measuring and monitoring general health status in elderly persons: Practical and methodological issues in using the SF-36 health survey SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE health status assessment; quality-of-life assessment; methodological considerations; practical considerations; SF-36 Survey ID SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE; OLDER ADULTS; PHYSICAL FUNCTION; OUTCOME MEASURE; MEDICAL-CARE; ILL PATIENTS; DATA QUALITY; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY; POPULATION AB In the last eight years, there has been a notable increase in the number of gerontological studies that use traditional measures of functional status in tandem with generic health status measures. This article describes practical and methodological issues in using generic measures of health status with elderly persons. One of the generic instruments used to illustrate these issues is the SF-36 Health Survey. Selection of generic measures for use in gerontological research or cross-age life-course studies involves choosing the right horse for the right course, and multiple considerations must be weighed. Of equal importance to practical and psychometric considerations is the correspondence between the conceptual framework of the investigation and the conceptualization of health embodied in candidate measurement tools. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, DEPT MED, MADISON, WI USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, DEPT PREVENT MED, MADISON, WI USA. RP McHorney, CA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, HLTH SERV RES & DEV PROGRAM, 2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. NR 74 TC 129 Z9 130 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 EI 1758-5341 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 1996 VL 36 IS 5 BP 571 EP 583 PG 13 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA WE321 UT WOS:A1996WE32100003 PM 8942101 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Schriger, DL AF Shekelle, PG Schriger, DL TI Evaluating the use of the appropriateness method in the agency for health care policy and research clinical practice guideline development process SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE practice guidelines; appropriateness; group process AB Objective. To assess the feasibility of the appropriateness method in the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) Clinical Practice Guideline Development process, and to compare the results of the appropriateness method with those obtained using evidence tables and an informal consensus method. Setting. AHCPR Low Back Problems Clinical Practice Guideline. Design. Two different group process methods with the same panel of experts were used in observational comparison of results of and satisfaction with guideline development. Data Collection. Practice guideline statements were created for topics using the conventional AHCPR method; then six months later new guideline statements for four topics were created using the appropriateness method. Panelist satisfaction with each process and resulting set of guideline statements was assessed. Principal Findings. Results of the appropriateness method for TENS, discography, and traction showed no disagreement among panel members and no appropriate indications for their use in the patient scenarios considered. These results are qualitatively similar to the guideline statements produced using evidence tables and informal consensus. Clinical practice guideline statements about electro-diagnostics created from appropriateness ratings were much more clinically specific than those created using evidence tables and informal consensus. Neither informal consensus building nor the appropriateness method was clearly preferred by a majority of panelists. Conclusions. It is feasible to use the appropriateness method in the AHCPR Clinical Practice Guideline Development process, and in some instances it produces more clinically specific guideline statements than does informal consensus. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,EMERGENCY CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), RAND CORP,1700 MAIN ST,POB 2138,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407, USA. OI Schriger, David/0000-0003-0242-1127 NR 11 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEALTH ADMINISTRATION PRESS PI MELROSE PARK PA C/O FOUNDATION AMER COLL HEALTHCARE EXECUTIVES 1951 CORNELL AVE, MELROSE PARK, IL 60160 SN 0017-9124 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 31 IS 4 BP 453 EP 468 PG 16 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA VN722 UT WOS:A1996VN72200005 PM 8885858 ER PT J AU Gentilini, A Feliers, D Pinzani, M Woodruff, K Abboud, S AF Gentilini, A Feliers, D Pinzani, M Woodruff, K Abboud, S TI Characterization and regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in human hepatic stellate cells. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 SU S BP 819 EP 819 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VL285 UT WOS:A1996VL28500817 ER PT J AU Poniachik, J Baraona, E Lieber, CS AF Poniachik, J Baraona, E Lieber, CS TI Dilioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC) prevents hepatic stellate cell activation. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,NEW YORK,NY. MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 SU S BP 1342 EP 1342 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VL285 UT WOS:A1996VL28501341 ER PT J AU Coursin, DB Cihla, HP Sempf, J Oberley, TD Oberley, LW AF Coursin, DB Cihla, HP Sempf, J Oberley, TD Oberley, LW TI An immunohistochemical analysis of antioxidant and glutathione S-transferase enzyme levels in normal and neoplastic human lung SO HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antioxidant enzymes; lung cancer ID CANCER CELL-LINES; CONTAINING SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM; SYRIAN-HAMSTER TISSUES; DEVELOPING RAT-KIDNEY; HUMAN TUMOR-CELLS; LINING FLUID; EXPRESSION; ISOENZYMES AB Samples of normal human lung and six major types of human lung carcinomas were immunostained for antioxidant enzymes (manganese and copper, zinc superoxide dismutases, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and six isoenzymes of glutathione S-transferase staining was generally low in tumor cells compared with the high level of staining noted in respiratory epithelium. A notable exception was heterogeneity in immunostaining for manganese superoxide dismutase in lung adenocarcinoma, which showed both positive and negative cells in the same tumor. Tumor stromal cells (fibroblast-appearing cells) often showed strong immunostaining for manganese superoxide dismutase, while stromal cells were negative for other antioxidant and glutathione S-transferase enzymes. None of the carcinomas studied had significant levels of catalase or glutathione peroxidase; this finding has potential clinical relevance since it indicates that these tumors cannot detoxify hydrogen peroxide. The low levels of antioxidant and glutathione S-transferase enzymes in tumor cells is consistent with the hypothesis that these enzymes are markers of cell differentiation. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI,DEPT INTERNAL MED,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LAB SERV,PATHOL SECT,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR CLIN SCI,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,MADISON,WI. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,RADIAT RES LAB,IOWA CITY,IA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 41267] NR 42 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU F HERNANDEZ PI MURCIA PA PLAZA FUENSANTA 2-7 C, 30008 MURCIA, SPAIN SN 0213-3911 J9 HISTOL HISTOPATHOL JI Histol. Histopath. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 11 IS 4 BP 851 EP 860 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA VR193 UT WOS:A1996VR19300004 PM 8930626 ER PT J AU Nanagara, R Duray, PH Schumacher, HR AF Nanagara, R Duray, PH Schumacher, HR TI Ultrastructural demonstration of spirochetal antigens in synovial fluid and synovial membrane in chronic Lyme disease: Possible factors contributing to persistence of organisms SO HUMAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lyme disease; synovial; ultrastructure ID BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI ANTIGENS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; JOINT FLUID; ARTHRITIS; MICE; INTERLEUKIN-1; BLOOD; FIBROBLASTS; MECHANISMS AB To perform the first systematic electronmicroscopic (EM) and immunoelectron microscopy (DEM) study of the pathological changes and the evidence of spirochete presence in synovial membranes and synovial fluid (SF) cells of patients with chronic Lyme arthritis. EM examination was performed on four synovial membrane and eight SF cell samples from eight patients with chronic Lyme disease. Spirochetal antigens in the samples were sought by DEM using monoclonal antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A (OspA) as the immunoprobe, Prominent ultrastructural findings were surface fibrin-like material, thickened synovial lining cell layer and signs of vascular injury. Borrelia-like structures were identified in all four synovial membranes and in two of eight SF cell samples. The presence of spirochetal antigens was confirmed by IEM in all four samples studied (one synovial membrane and three SF cell samples), OspA labelling was in perivascular areas, deep synovial stroma among collagen bundles, and in vacuoles of fibroblasts in synovial membranes; and in cytophagosomes of mononuclear cells in SF cell samples. Electron microscopy adds further evidence for persistence of spirochetal antip ens in the joint in chronic Lyme disease, Locations of spirochetes or spirochetal antigens both intracellulary and extracellulary in deep synovial connective tissue as reported here suggest sites at which spirochaetes may elude host immune response and antibiotic treatment. Copyright (C) 1996 by W.B. Saunders Company C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RHEUMATOL IMMUNOL CTR,ARTHRIT RES 151K,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. KHON KAEN UNIV,FAC MED,DEPT MED,ALLERGY IMMUNOL RHEUMATOL DIV,KHON KAEN,THAILAND. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NCI,PATHOL LABS,NIH,BETHESDA,MD. NR 57 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0046-8177 J9 HUM PATHOL JI Hum. Pathol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1025 EP 1034 DI 10.1016/S0046-8177(96)90279-8 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VN304 UT WOS:A1996VN30400007 PM 8892586 ER PT J AU Osborne, M Patterson, J AF Osborne, M Patterson, J TI Ethical allocation of ICU resources: A view from the USA SO INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP; LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; OUTCOME PREDICTION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; LIFE-SUPPORT; MANAGED CARE; MORTALITY; SERVICES C1 OREGON CLIN, THORAC DIV, PORTLAND, OR 97213 USA. RP Osborne, M (reprint author), PORTLAND VA MED CTR, PULM CRIT CARE SECT, POB 1034, PORTLAND, OR 97207 USA. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-4642 J9 INTENS CARE MED JI Intensive Care Med. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 22 IS 10 BP 1009 EP 1014 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA VQ250 UT WOS:A1996VQ25000003 ER PT J AU Chen, CW Palangat, M Oberley, TD Roy, D AF Chen, CW Palangat, M Oberley, TD Roy, D TI Mechanism of antiproliferative activity of luteolin against stilbene-estrogen stimulation of proliferation of hamster renal epithelial cells SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antiproliferative activity; IGF-1 receptor; tyrosine phosphorylation; DES; luteolin ID GROWTH; PHOSPHORYLATION; KIDNEY AB In the present study, we have investigated the influence of a naturally occurring plant flavone luteolin on cell proliferation, nuclear tyrosine kinase activity, and expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor in Syrian hamster renal epithelial cells. Diethylstilbestrol (DES)-induced cell proliferation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by cotreatment with luteolin. We also tested the influence of luteolin on nuclear protein tyrosine kinase activity and the expression of IGF-I receptor. The nuclear tyrosine kinase activity was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by both genistein and luteolin. Luteolin was five times more effective in inhibiting nuclear tyrosine kinase activity than genistein. Data of kinetic constants suggest that luteolin is a noncompetitive inhibitor of nuclear protein tyrosine kinases. Co-treatment of luteolin significantly inhibited DES-induce IGF-I receptor expression. These findings indicate that blocking effects of DES-induced cell proliferation by luteolin may be through the inhibition of nuclear tyrosine kinase activity and of IGF-I receptor expression. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,ENVIRONM TOXICOL PROGRAM,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT JOURNAL ONCOLOGY PI ATHENS PA C/O PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS, EDITORIAL OFFICE, 1, S MERKOURI ST, ATHENS 116 35, GREECE SN 1019-6439 J9 INT J ONCOL JI Int. J. Oncol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 811 EP 814 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA VJ798 UT WOS:A1996VJ79800033 PM 21541587 ER PT J AU Najvar, LK Correa, A James, P Luther, MF Graybill, JR AF Najvar, LK Correa, A James, P Luther, MF Graybill, JR TI ZD0870 treatment of murine candidiasis caused by fluconazole resistant isolates of Candida albicans SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IN-VITRO ACTIVITY; OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDIASIS; ORAL CANDIDIASIS; AIDS; KETOCONAZOLE; CAVITIES AB Mice were infected intravenously with three fluconazole susceptible and ten fluconazole resistant isolates of Candida albicans then treated with escalating doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 10 and 40 mg/kg/day of the new antifungal triazole, ZD0870, for 10 days. A minimum protective dose of <0.25 mg/kg was determined for infections introduced by the three fluconazole susceptible C. albicans and one of the fluconazole resistant isolates whereas doses ranging from 2.5 to 10 mg/kg/day were required for infections induced by seven of the resistant isolates and greater than or equal to 40 mg/kg/day for the remainder. Thus, infections caused by fluconazole resistant C. albicans may be successfully treated with ZD0870, though higher doses than those used to treat infections due to susceptible yeast may be required. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,VET ADM HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 38 IS 4 BP 671 EP 677 DI 10.1093/jac/38.4.671 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VR228 UT WOS:A1996VR22800011 PM 8937961 ER PT J AU Graham, DY Genta, RM Graham, DP Crabtree, JE AF Graham, DY Genta, RM Graham, DP Crabtree, JE TI Serum CagA antibodies in asymptomatic subjects and patients with peptic ulcer: Lack of correlation of IgG antibody in patients with peptic ulcer or asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori gastritis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Helicobacter pylori; duodenal ulcer; gastric ulcer; CagA serology; pathogenesis; virulence factor ID EPITHELIAL-CELL LINES; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; INTERLEUKIN-8 RECEPTOR; DUODENAL-ULCER; EXPRESSION; CYTOTOXIN; STRAINS; INFECTION; PROTEIN; ANTIGEN AB Aim/background-Several studies have suggested that Helicobacter pylori which express CagA may be more virulent than those that do not, but limited populations have been studied to date. The aim of this study was to confirm and extend the association of CagA positive H pylori strains in a different geographical area and to a large, well defined patient population. Method-A validated ELISA for serum IgG to CagA was used to investigate the prevalence of CagA seropositivity in 100 patients with peptic ulcer compared with 77 with H pylori infection without ulcer disease in a North American population. The extent of antral and corpus inflammation and H pylori density in relation to CagA seropositivity in 40 subjects with H pylori infection were assessed semiquanitatively. All studies were carried out in a coded and blinded manner. Results-The prevalence of serum IgG CagA antibodies was higher in H pylori infected patients with ulcer (59%) compared with healthy H pylori infected volunteers (44%), but the difference was not significant. In contrast, the titre of serum IgG anti-CagA antibodies was higher among the seropositive subjects without ulcer disease, but again the difference was not significant. Comparison of histological features between asymptomatic individuals with H pylori infection in relation to CagA IgG antibody status revealed no differences in infiltration with acute inflammatory cells, H pylori density, or gastritis index. There was no relation evident between the degree of polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and the serum IgG antibody titre to CagA. Mononuclear cell infiltration in the antrum, but not the corpus, was greater in those with CagA IgG compared with those without (median score 5 v 3). Conclusions-A tight association between the presence or titre of serum IgG to CagA and peptic ulcer disease, greater H pylori density or infiltration of the mucosa with acute inflammatory cells could not confirmed in a North American population. Perhaps geographical differences in the prevalence of circulating H pylori strains are responsible for the discrepant results reported. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV MOL VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. ST JAMES UNIV HOSP,DIV MED,LEEDS LS9 7TF,W YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. RP Graham, DY (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. RI Crabtree, Jean/A-3549-2010; Graham, David /J-1158-2014 NR 21 TC 84 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0021-9746 J9 J CLIN PATHOL JI J. Clin. Pathol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 49 IS 10 BP 829 EP 832 DI 10.1136/jcp.49.10.829 PG 4 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VL975 UT WOS:A1996VL97500013 PM 8943750 ER PT J AU Rush, AJ Giles, DE Schlesser, MA Orsulak, PJ Parker, CR Weissenburger, JE Crowley, GT Khatami, M Vasavada, N AF Rush, AJ Giles, DE Schlesser, MA Orsulak, PJ Parker, CR Weissenburger, JE Crowley, GT Khatami, M Vasavada, N TI The dexamethasone suppression test in patients with mood disorders SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID PRIMARY ENDOGENOUS-DEPRESSION; ADRENAL AXIS ACTIVITY; WEIGHT-LOSS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; PSYCHIATRIC-PATIENTS; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; CORTISOL SECRETION; MAJOR DEPRESSION; NEUROENDOCRINE REGULATION; DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA AB Background: This study was undertaken to (1) determine whether the endogenous/nonendogenous mood disorder dichotomy is validated by the dexamethasone suppression test (DST); (2) determine whether other subtyping schemes (unipolar/bipolar, DSM-III melancholic/nonmelancholic, Winokur's family history subtypes) relate to the DST; (3) evaluate the relative contributions of symptom severity, weight loss, and other factors to DST status; and (4) assess the relative sensitivity of various post-dexamethasone cortisol determinations in the detection of dexamethasone nonsuppression. Method: 487 consecutive adult inpatients (N = 131) and outpatients (N = 356) with unipolar (N = 422) or bipolar disorder (N = 65) underwent the 1.0-mg DST. Nonsuppression was defined as at least one post-dexamethasone cortisol measurement > 4.0 mu g/dL. Results: Nonsuppression occurred in 27% of all patients with major depression and 43% of all bipolar depressed phase patients. For outpatients, dexamethasone nonsuppression occurred in 35.2% of subjects with endogenous (unipolar + bipolar; N = 145) and 9.0% of those with nonendogenous (unipolar only; N = 211) depressions (single 4 p.m. post-dexamethasone cortisol). For inpatients, dexamethasone nonsuppression was found in 61.5% of subjects with endogenous (N = 104) and 18.5% of those with nonendogenous (N = 27) depressions (three post-dexamethasone cortisol determinations). For the inpatient and outpatient sample together, the DST had a sensitivity of 46.2% and a specificity of 89.9% in differentiating endogenous from nonendogenous major depressive episodes. Weight loss, gender, and symptom severity added little to the endogenous/nonendogenous dichotomy. The Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) primary/secondary and Winokur and colleagues' family history subtypes for unipolar depression were not strongly validated by the DST. The 4 p.m. and 11 p.m. samples together detected 91.0% of those inpatients with abnormal three-sample DST results. The 8 a.m. sample alone detected 30% of those, the 4 p.m. sample alone detected 67%, and the 11 p.m. sample alone detected 62%. Conclusion: The RDC endogenous/nonendogenous dichotomy was validated by the DST. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,MENTAL HLTH CLIN RES CTR,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT & NEUROL,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. DALLAS NEUROPSYCHIAT ASSOCIATES,DALLAS,TX. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DALLAS,TX. UNIV ALABAMA,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,BIRMINGHAM,AL. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Rush, AJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,ST PAUL POB 1,SUITE 600,5959 HARRY HINES BLVD,DALLAS,TX 75235, USA. OI Rush, Augustus/0000-0003-2004-2382 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR00633]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-35370, MH-41115] NR 159 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 7 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD OCT PY 1996 VL 57 IS 10 BP 470 EP 484 DI 10.4088/JCP.v57n1006 PG 19 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA VP487 UT WOS:A1996VP48700006 PM 8909334 ER PT J AU Fukata, S Kuma, K Sugawara, M AF Fukata, S Kuma, K Sugawara, M TI Relationship between cigarette smoking and hypothyroidism in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE smoking; Hashimoto's thyroiditis; hypothyroidism; thiocyanate ID GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY; THIOCYANATE; GOITER; DISEASE; WOMEN; RISK AB This retrospective study examined the relationship between smoking history and thyroid function in 387 women patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (mean age+/-SD=50.5+/-12.7 yr). The same analysis was done in 238 randomly chosen women patients with nodular goiters (mean age=45.3+/-14 yr) and 166 control women (mean age=47.7+/-14.2 yr). In patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, there were 256 non smokers, 110 smokers, and 21 smokers. Among the 110 smoking patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 76.4% were hypothyroid, whereas the prevalence of hypothyroidism was 34.8% among the 256 non smokers. Among the 21 ex-smokers with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the majority of patients (61.9%) were hypothyroid, suggesting that cessation of smoking does not appear to reverse hypothyroidism. The percentages of smokers in the hypothyroid group, the subclinical hypothyroid group, and the euthyroid group were 45.2%, 18%, and 11.3%, repectively, in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The greatest serum levels of thiocyanate (an antithyroid substance generated by smoking) were found in those who both smoked and had hypothyroidism. Thus, an increase in serum thiocyanate concentration from smoking may contribute to the development of hypothyroidism in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Smoking related hypothyroidism was not seen in patients with nodular goiters. Our results suggest that smoking may increase the risk of hypothyroidism in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. (C) 1996, Editrice Kurtis C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED & RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. KUMA HOSP,KOBE,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDITRICE KURTIS S R L PI MILANO PA VIA LUIGI ZOJA, 30-20153 MILANO, ITALY SN 0391-4097 J9 J ENDOCRINOL INVEST JI J. Endocrinol. Invest. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 19 IS 9 BP 607 EP 612 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VU425 UT WOS:A1996VU42500007 PM 8957745 ER PT J AU Blednov, YA Bleck, V Harris, RA AF Blednov, YA Bleck, V Harris, RA TI Measurement of glycine receptor function by radioactive chloride uptake SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS LA English DT Article DE glycine; chloride flux; chloride channel; picrotoxin; strychnine; mouse spinal cord ID GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; RAT SPINAL-CORD; MOLECULAR MECHANISMS; BRAIN MEMBRANES; AMINO-ACID; CHANNELS; ETHANOL; SUBUNIT; BINDING; FLUXES AB The glycine receptor is an important inhibitory receptor for both spinal and supraspinal functions, and mutations in receptor subunits are responsible for neurological disorders in several species, including humans. However, functional measurements of glycine receptors have generally been restricted to electrophysiological analysis of immature, cultured neurons. We developed a Cl-36(-) flux assay to measure glycine receptor function using membrane vesicles from spinal cord and brainstem of adult mice. The uptake of Cl-36(-) stimulated by glycine was characterized by a glycine EC(50) of 22 mu M for the major component and an EC(50) of 0.5 mu M for a minor component. Strychnine inhibited the glycine-stimulated uptake with an IC50 of 0.4 mu M. The uptake was not affected by picrotoxin, bicuculline, or pentobarbital. Glycine-stimulated uptake reached a maximum by 10 s. This technique should prove useful for genetic and pharmacological analysis of the function of glycine receptors. C1 UNIV COLORADO, SCH MED, DEPT PHARMACOL, DENVER, CO 80262 USA. UNIV COLORADO, SCH MED, DENVER VA MED CTR, DENVER, CO 80262 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 03527, AA 06399] NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0270 EI 1872-678X J9 J NEUROSCI METH JI J. Neurosci. Methods PD OCT PY 1996 VL 68 IS 2 BP 253 EP 257 DI 10.1016/0165-0270(96)00088-X PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA VP245 UT WOS:A1996VP24500014 PM 8912198 ER PT J AU Beck, J Garcia, R Heiss, G Vokonas, PS Offenbacher, S AF Beck, J Garcia, R Heiss, G Vokonas, PS Offenbacher, S TI Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Relation of Periodontal Infections to Systemic Diseases, in Honor of the 30th Anniversary of the State University of New York at Buffalo Oral Biology Graduate Program CY MAY 20, 1995 CL BUFFALO, NY SP SUNY Buffalo, Periodontal Dis Res Ctr, SUNY Buffalo, Dept Oral Biol, SUNY Buffalo, Sch Dent Med DE atherosclerosis etiology; periodontal diseases adverse effects; thromboembolism etiology; cytokines; endotoxins ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DENTAL INFECTIONS; RISK FACTOR; HUMAN BLOOD; LOW-DENSITY; TNF-ALPHA; PATHOGENESIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ASSOCIATION AB IT IS OUR CENTRAL HYPOTHESIS that periodontal diseases, which are chronic Gramnegative infections, represent a previously unrecognized risk factor for atherosclerosis and thromboembolic events. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between periodontal disease severity and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke, We hypothesize that this association may be due to an underlying inflammatory response trait, which places an individual at high risk for developing both periodontal disease and atherosclerosis. We further suggest that periodontal disease, once established, provides a biological burden of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) and inflammatory cytokines (especially TxA(2), IL-1 beta, PGE(2), and TNF-alpha) which serve to initiate and exacerbate atherogenesis and thromboembolic events. A cohort study was conducted using combined data from the Normative Aging Study and the Dental Longitudinal Study sponsored by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Mean bone loss scores and worst probing pocket depth scores per tooth were measured on 1,147 men during 1968 to 1971. Information gathered during follow-up examinations showed that 207 men developed coronary heart disease (CHD), 59 died of CHD, and 40 had strokes. Incidence odds ratios adjusted for established cardiovascular risk factors were 1.5, 1.9, and 2.8 for bone loss and total CHD, fatal CHD, and stroke, respectively. Levels of bone loss and cumulative incidence of total CHD and fatal CHD indicated a biologic gradient between severity of exposure and occurrence of disease. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OUTPATIENT CLIN,BOSTON,MA. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,PREVENT MED & EPIDEMIOL SECT,BOSTON,MA 02118. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,EVANS MEM DEPT CLIN RES,BOSTON,MA 02118. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PERIODONT,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV N CAROLINA,DENT RES CTR,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. RP Beck, J (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT DENT ECOL,CB 7450,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA. RI de la Flor, Maria/B-9212-2015 NR 68 TC 774 Z9 802 U1 8 U2 55 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 10 SU S BP 1123 EP 1137 DI 10.1902/jop.1996.67.10s.1123 PG 15 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VP849 UT WOS:A1996VP84900011 PM 8910831 ER PT J AU Greene, LR AF Greene, LR TI Primitive defenses, object relations, and symptom clusters in borderline psychopathology SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID PERSONALITY-DISORDER; STYLE QUESTIONNAIRE; VALIDITY; PSYCHOTHERAPY; RELIABILITY; MECHANISMS; CRITIQUE AB In this study, I examined associations between selected defense mechanisms and characteristic object relations in borderline personality disorder and the role of these variables in predicting symptomatic expression. A canonical correlation analysis was performed on self-report questionnaire data collected on 53 borderline patients. Two significant correlations of moderate magnitude were obtained; the first set of canonical variables offered evidence supportive of Kernberg's notions of a reciprocal relation between splitting mechanisms and pathognomonic object ties in borderline pathology, and the second set supported the view of a differentiation between borderline and narcissistic defenses. Regression analyses suggested that unique combinations of defense and object relations underlie specific symptomatic expression. RP Greene, LR (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MED CTR,WEST HAVEN,CT 06516, USA. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 67 IS 2 BP 294 EP 304 DI 10.1207/s15327752jpa6702_6 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA VJ053 UT WOS:A1996VJ05300006 PM 8828190 ER PT J AU Garrett, NR Perez, P Elbert, C Kapur, KK AF Garrett, NR Perez, P Elbert, C Kapur, KK TI Effects of improvements of poorly fitting dentures and new dentures on masseter activity during chewing SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID MUSCLE-ACTIVITY; MASTICATORY PERFORMANCE; WEARERS; FOOD AB The effects of four sequential modifications to improve occlusion, vertical dimension, retention, and stability of poorly fitting dentures, and of placing new dentures, on the EMG activity were investigated in 21 denture wearers with a mean age of 67.7 years. Electromyographic recordings of right and left masseter muscles were made while the subjects performed masticatory and swallowing threshold tests and applied static guided forces were measured before and after each modification and at three intervals after the delivery of new dentures, A 2-week adaptation period was allowed for each denture modification, Three- and 12-week adaptation periods were allowed for the new dentures, No significant changes were found in guided static bite force or peak bite force during chewing following any modification or insertion of new dentures, Significant decreases (p <0.05) from the original poorly fitting denture in preferred side and nonpreferred side muscle activity were found for the preferred side tests with both foods after both the correction of occlusion and 3 mm increase in vertical dimension, Concomitant decreases (p <0.05) in the masseter closing burst and stroke durations were found and contributed to the reduction in masseter muscle effort. Further reductions (p <0.01) in masseter closing bursts and stroke durations were observed with new dentures, The results revealed that new dentures or the stabilization of poorly fitting dentures through occlusal correction and restoration of occlusal vertical dimension permits patients to use less muscle effort while chewing and maintaining their initial masticatory performance. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Garrett, NR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 220,ROOM 122,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01DE06638] NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 394 EP 402 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(96)90545-4 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VL954 UT WOS:A1996VL95400011 PM 8897297 ER PT J AU Mallouh, C AF Mallouh, C TI The effects of dual diagnosis on pregnancy and parenting SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS LA English DT Article DE assessment; mental illness; parental competence; parenting; pregnancy; substance abuse ID SEVERE CHILD MALTREATMENT; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; COCAINE USE; PSYCHIATRIC INPATIENT; TREATMENT ISSUES; MENTAL-ILLNESS; SEXUAL ABUSE; DRUG-USE; WOMEN; POSTPARTUM AB The desire to give birth and nurture can be significant for women with mental illness and substance-abuse disorders, despite the many internal and external barriers to the effective achievement of these desires. This article provides information on the effect of coexisting mental illness and alcohol or other drug dependency on pregnancy from a medical, obstetric, psychiatric, and psychologic perspective. The article also explores the effect on parenting and highlights the need to assess for parental competency in this population. Treatment planning, including the use of psychotropic medication and the need for collaboration between providers is discussed. C1 SAN FRANCISCO VET ADM MED CTR,WOMEN VET COMPREHENS HLTH CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. RP Mallouh, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH NURSING,DEPT PSYCHIAT,POB 0606,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143, USA. NR 92 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU HAIGHT-ASHBURY PUBL PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 409 CLAYTON ST, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94117 SN 0279-1072 J9 J PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS JI J. Psychoact. Drugs PD OCT-DEC PY 1996 VL 28 IS 4 BP 367 EP 380 PG 14 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA WC775 UT WOS:A1996WC77500004 PM 9017557 ER PT J AU Schumacher, HR Meng, Z Sieck, M Zonay, L Clayburne, G Baker, JF Park, J Baker, DG AF Schumacher, HR Meng, Z Sieck, M Zonay, L Clayburne, G Baker, JF Park, J Baker, DG TI Effect of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug on synovial fluid in osteoarthritis SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; cytokines; synovial fluid ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; OSTEO-ARTHRITIS; KNEE; ACETAMINOPHEN; INFLAMMATION; TNF AB Objective. The use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy in osteoarthritis (OA) is controversial because of suggestions that pure analgesics can be as effective as NSAID for pain relief. In addition, there is incomplete information whether antiinflammatory effects have any longterm benefit in OA. NSAID have been known to affect synovial fluid (SF) prostaglandins in rheumatoid arthritis. We describe the first examination of the effect of an NSAIB, etodolac, on SF prostaglandins, cytokines, and cells in OA. Methods. Joint fluids were studied before and 2 weeks after initiation of therapy with etodolac 400 mg tid. Leukocyte counts, prostaglandin, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor were measured. Results. Pretreatment features of SF did not predict clinical response. We found no change in the relatively low leukocyte counts. However, SF prostaglandin levels and interleukin 6 levels were significantly decreased and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels were increased after therapy with NSAID. Conclusion. This NSAID had potentially important local effects that could be either beneficial or deleterious. Further studies on effects of this and other NSAID on a broader variety of SF and synovial cytokines may help predict longterm effects of NSAID on progression of OA. C1 MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,RHEUMATOL SECT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Schumacher, HR (reprint author), UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 IS 10 BP 1774 EP 1777 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VL783 UT WOS:A1996VL78300020 PM 8895157 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Lawrence, VA Roberson, M Hazuda, HP AF Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Lawrence, VA Roberson, M Hazuda, HP TI Where does it hurt? Stability of recordings of pain location using the McGill Pain Map SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pain; arthritis; postoperative recovery; reproducibility of results ID QUESTIONNAIRE; RELIABILITY; PREVALENCE AB Objective. To evaluate the validity and reliability of recordings of pain location among patients with pain from 2 different sources, using the McGill Pain Map (MPM). Methods. Consecutive outpatients from a rheumatology clinic and inpatients recovering from surgical interventions participated in a structured interview during which the McGill Pain Questionnaire and the MPM were administered. After an interval of 3 to 6 weeks for the rheumatology patients and 1 to 2 days for the postoperative patients, a 2nd identical interview was administered. Criterion related validity was examined by testing whether the extent [total number of painful areas (NPA)] and distribution (individual body areas affected) of pain differed significantly between the 2 patient groups and whether, among postoperative patients, the distribution of pain wits consistent with the site of surgical incision. Test-retest reliability of the recordings on the MPM was measured by calculating a kappa coefficient for each individual body area on the MPM, and an intraclass correlation coefficient for the NPA. Results. 51 rheumatology and 47 postoperative patients were interviewed. Significant differences in the total NPA(4.1+/-3.0 vs 11.5+/-6.2; p <0.001) and in the distribution of the painful areas were observed between the 2 groups. Among postoperative patients, there was no significant difference in the NPA between the 2 interviews (4.1+/-3.0 vs 4.3+/-3.5; p=0.53), while among rheumatology patients, there was a reduction in the NPA at the second interview (11.5+/-6.3 vs 9.8+/-5.3; p=0.007). Reliability of the recordings of pain location by individual areas averaged 0.50 (range 0.04 to 0.76). The reliability of the NPA was 0.82 for the combined group of patients (0.71 and 0.84, respectively). Conclusion. Recordings of pain location using the MPM are valid and reliable. The MPM is a valuable instrument for studies of the distribution of pain in populations. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,RHEUMATOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV GERIATR & GERONTOL GEN INTERNAL MED & CLIN EP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU AHRQ HHS [1-HS07397]; NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-01346]; NIA NIH HHS [1-RO1-AG10444] NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 23 IS 10 BP 1788 EP 1793 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VL783 UT WOS:A1996VL78300023 PM 8895160 ER PT J AU McGrath, AM Conhaim, RL Myers, GA Harms, BA AF McGrath, AM Conhaim, RL Myers, GA Harms, BA TI Pulmonary vascular filtration of starch-based macromolecules: Effects on lung fluid balance SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNANESTHETIZED SHEEP; HYPOPROTEINEMIA; PRESSURE; RESUSCITATION; PENTAFRACTION; PENTASTARCH; HETASTARCH; EXCHANGE; INFUSION; ALBUMIN AB Background: Pulmonary edema is a complication of critical care fluid management that may be restricted by the use of oncotically effective resuscitation fluids. Potentially beneficial oncotic properties of starch-based plasma volume expanders such as hetastarch (Het), pentafraction (Pen), and Dextran-70 (Dex) mag be compromised by their broad range of molecular masses, some of which are small enough to filter from the circulation. Leakage of these molecules into the pulmonary interstitium may limit their oncotic effectiveness and enhance fluid filtration. We measured the filtration of these three resuscitation solutions into lung lymph to evaluate their oncotic contribution to pulmonary edema formation. Materials and Methods: Unanesthetized euvolemic adult sheep, prepared with chronic lung lymph fistulae, underwent plasma volume expansion with Het (n = 6), Pen (n = 6), or Hex (n = 6) (6%, 35 ml/kg/90 min). Oncotic effectiveness was determined by measuring plasma and lymph oncotic pressures and the oncotic pressures contributed by each starch. Pulmonary hydrostatic pressures and lung lymph flows (Q(L)) were also measured. Results are expressed as means +/- SEM. Comparisons were made by two-factor analysis of variance. Results: Dex contributed 9.0 +/- 0.9 mmHg to the plasma oncotic pressure, significantly more than Het and Pen (5.3 +/- 0.6, 6.5 +/- 0.6 mmHg, respectively). However, Dex filtration also contributed 6.1 +/- 0.5 mmHg to the lymph oncotic pressure, compared to 3.1 +/- 0.3 and 4.7 +/- 0.5 mmHg for Het and Pen, respectively (P less than or equal to 0.05). Dex, Het, and Pen raised Q(L) over baseline by 7.7 +/- 1.5, 4.3 +/- 1.0, and 3.2 +/- 0.7 ml/30 min, respectively (P less than or equal to 0.05). Dex increased Q(L) significantly more than Het or Pen. Conclusions: Pen and Het demonstrated greater oncotic effectiveness because of restricted plasma-to-lymph macromolecular filtration and limited transvascular fluid flux. By comparison, Dex filtered rapidly and increased transvascular fluid filtration. Pen appears to possess filtration properties that optimize critical care fluid management compared to currently available colloid solutions such as Het and Dex. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP McGrath, AM (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL46236] NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 65 IS 2 BP 128 EP 134 DI 10.1006/jsre.1996.0354 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VT133 UT WOS:A1996VT13300006 PM 8903458 ER PT J AU Yoshikawa, TT Nicolle, LE Norman, DC AF Yoshikawa, TT Nicolle, LE Norman, DC TI Management of complicated urinary tract infection in older patients SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELDERLY INSTITUTIONALIZED MEN; TERM URETHRAL CATHETERIZATION; ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA; AMBULATORY WOMEN; CARE FACILITIES; NO THERAPY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; MORTALITY; DIAGNOSIS AB Urinary tract infection (UTI) in older persons is a common medical problem that is seen in both the ambulatory and institutional settings. It affects older women and men with a gender prevalence ratio of 2:1, respectively. UTI in older persons can be a complex problem in terms of the approach to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. In this report the discussion will begin with the unique aspects of UTI in older persons, particularly as they relate to UTI in the younger, general population. The remaining discussion will then focus on three complicated clinical circumstances and conditions of UTI in the geriatric population: non-catheter recurrent UTI, asymptomatic bacteriuria, and catheter-related bacteriuria and UTI. C1 CHARLES R DREW UNIV MED & SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90059. UNIV MANITOBA,WINNIPEG,MB,CANADA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Yoshikawa, TT (reprint author), KING DREW MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED MP11,12021 S WILMINGTON AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90059, USA. NR 72 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1235 EP 1241 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VM277 UT WOS:A1996VM27700015 PM 8856005 ER PT J AU Barstow, TJ Scremin, AME Mutton, DL Kunkel, CF Cagle, TG Whipp, BJ AF Barstow, TJ Scremin, AME Mutton, DL Kunkel, CF Cagle, TG Whipp, BJ TI Changes in gas exchange kinetics with training in patients with spinal cord injury SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE exercise; exertion; rehabilitation; oxygen uptake; paraplegia; quadriplegia; spinal cord injury ID FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; OXYGEN-UPTAKE; SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE; LACTATE THRESHOLD; QUADRICEPS MUSCLE; HEAVY EXERCISE; RESPONSES; HUMANS; ENDURANCE; REST AB We examined the ability of patients with spinal cord injury to undergo adaptations to chronic exercise training (cycle ergometry) invoked by functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the legs. Nine such patients performed incremental and constant work rate exercise before and after exercise training. Exercise sessions averaged 2.1 +/- 0.4/wk, and consisted of 30 min/session of continuous FES recumbent cycling with increasing work rate as tolerated. Peak V over dot O-2 and peak work rate significantly improved with training. Peak V over dot O-2 was significantly correlated with peak heart rate both before and after training (r = 0.97 pre and 0.85 post, P < 0.01 for both). The time course of the V over dot O-2, V over dot CO2 and V over dot (E) responses to constant-load exercise (unloaded cycling) and in recovery (mean response time MRT) were very long prior to training, and became significantly faster following training. However, there was no correlation between percentage improvement in either MRT(on) or MRT(off) for V over dot O-2 and the percentage increase in peak V over dot O-2. Exercise tolerance in these patients with spinal cord injury appears to be a direct function of the ability to increase heart rate. Further, exercise training can elicit significant improvements in both exercise tolerance and in gas exchange kinetics, even when performed only twice per week. However, these improvements may be accomplished by different mechanisms. C1 HARBOR UCLA MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV RESP & CRIT CARE PHYSIOL & MED,TORRANCE,CA 90509. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHYS MED & REHABIL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHYS MED & REHABIL SERV,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT ORTHOPED,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV LONDON ST GEORGES HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LONDON SW17 0RE,ENGLAND. NR 37 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 28 IS 10 BP 1221 EP 1228 DI 10.1097/00005768-199610000-00003 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA VM734 UT WOS:A1996VM73400003 PM 8897377 ER PT J AU Cummings, JL Kaufer, D AF Cummings, JL Kaufer, D TI Neuropsychiatric aspects of Alzheimer's disease: The cholinergic hypothesis revisited SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Review ID DOUBLE-BLIND; DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION; NUCLEUS BASALIS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; INTRAVENTRICULAR BETHANECHOL; CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITORS; SUBSTANTIA INNOMINATA; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; CONTROLLED TRIAL; SENILE DEMENTIA AB Altered cholinergic function is a prominent feature of AD. The neuropsychological impairments of AD are attributed, at least partially, to the cholinergic disturbance, and current approaches to treatment of the cognitive abnormalities attempt to enhance cholinergic function, Behavioral changes are common in AD and include psychosis, agitation, depression, anxiety, personality alterations, and neurovegetative changes, The contribution of the cholinergic deficiency to the behavioral alterations has been little explored, but neurochemical, neuroanatomic, pharmacologic, and clinical observations suggest that the cholinergic deficiency contributes importantly to the neuropsychiatric dimension of AD. Investigation of the role of cholinergic dysfunction in the behavioral changes of AD will improve understanding of the pathophysiologic basis of these abnormalities and may lead to new types of therapy for the neuropsychiatric disturbances associated with this common dementing disorder. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PITTSBURGH,PA. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT NEUROL,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 100 TC 201 Z9 202 U1 1 U2 11 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 47 IS 4 BP 876 EP 883 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VN295 UT WOS:A1996VN29500004 PM 8857712 ER PT J AU Brooks, BR AF Brooks, BR TI Natural history of ALS: Symptoms, strength, pulmonary function, and disability SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Colloquium on Advances in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis CY JAN 11-13, 1996 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Rhone Poulenc Rorer Pharm Inc ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; DIAGNOSIS C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GREAT LAKES VET INTEGRATED SERV NETWORK 12,MADISON,WI. RP Brooks, BR (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,ALS,CLIN RES CTR,600 HIGHLAND AVE CSC H6-558,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR03186] NR 21 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 47 IS 4 SU 2 BP S71 EP S81 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VN546 UT WOS:A1996VN54600018 PM 8858055 ER PT J AU Tielsch, JM Legro, MW Cassard, SD Schein, OD Javitt, JC Singer, AE Bass, EB Steinberg, EP AF Tielsch, JM Legro, MW Cassard, SD Schein, OD Javitt, JC Singer, AE Bass, EB Steinberg, EP TI Risk factors for retinal detachment after cataract surgery - A population-based case-control study SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LASER POSTERIOR CAPSULOTOMY; NATIONAL OUTCOMES; EXTRACTION; COMPLICATIONS AB Purpose: Previous analyses of Medicare claims data, as well as clinical series, have suggested that performance of neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy after extracapsular cataract surgery increases significantly the risk of retinal detachment. However, methodologic problems with previous research limit the strength of conclusions that can be drawn from these earlier studies. This study was designed to resolve those methodological limitations while using a population-based approach for assessment of the independent association between the performance of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy and pseudophakic retinal detachment. Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted. Medicare beneficiaries who had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction from 1988 to 1990 were identified from a 5% sample of Medicare claims data. Within this cohort, people who were diagnosed or treated for retinal detachment during the years 1988 through 1991 (cases) were identified from Medicare records. Four controls were matched to each case of retinal detachment using an incidence density design. Providers of the patients' cataract and retinal surgery were contacted and asked to provide clinical data for all cases and controls that they had treated. Results: Seven hundred six cases of retinal detachment were originally identified from Medicare records. After exclusions due to ineligibility, a total of 291 cases and 870 matched controls were available for analysis. Conditional logistic regression models showed that a number of factors were associated independently with an excess risk of retinal detachment after cataract surgery. These included Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy (odds ratio [OR] = 3.8; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 2.4-5.9), a history of retinal detachment (OR = 2.7; 95% Cl, 1.2-6.1), a history of lattice degeneration (OR = 6.6; 95% Cl, 1.6-27.1), axial length (OR = 1.21/mm 95% Cl, 1.03-1.43), refractive error (OR = 0.92/diopter; 95% Cl, 0.88-0.95), and a history of ocular trauma after cataract surgery (OR = 6.1; 95% Cl, 4.3-28.2). Conclusion: Performance of Nd:YAG, laser posterior capsulotomy is associated with a significantly elevated risk of retinal detachment in patients who have undergone extracapsular cataract extraction. Other independent risk factors for retinal detachment include axial length, myopia, posterior capsular rupture during surgery, history of retinal detachment or lattice degeneration, and ocular trauma after cataract surgery. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,WILMER EYE INST,DANA CTR PREVENT OPHTHALMOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,HLTH SERV RES & DEV SERV,SEATTLE,WA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT HLTH POLICY & MANAGEMENT,BALTIMORE,MD. GEORGETOWN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,WASHINGTON,DC. HLTH TECHNOL ASSOCIATES INC,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Tielsch, JM (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT INT HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD, USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS-06280] NR 20 TC 107 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD OCT PY 1996 VL 103 IS 10 BP 1537 EP 1545 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA VN528 UT WOS:A1996VN52800015 PM 8874424 ER PT J AU Craig, WA Andes, D AF Craig, WA Andes, D TI Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in otitis media SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE otitis media; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; middle ear fluid ID MIDDLE-EAR FLUID; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; MORAXELLA-CATARRHALIS; AMOXICILLIN; EFFICACY; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; ERYTHROMYCIN; PENETRATION C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 15 IS 10 BP 944 EP 948 DI 10.1097/00006454-199610000-00032 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA VL708 UT WOS:A1996VL70800029 ER PT J AU Mudido, PM Georges, D Dorazio, D YenLieberman, B Bae, S OBrien, WA Spritzler, J Lederman, MM AF Mudido, PM Georges, D Dorazio, D YenLieberman, B Bae, S OBrien, WA Spritzler, J Lederman, MM TI Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activation after blood transfusion SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; SURVIVAL; REPLICATION; MECHANISMS; INFECTION; PLASMA; HIV-1; CELLS AB Background: Anemia and transfusion are predictors of disease progression in AIDS patients. This study was designed to examine the effects of blood transfusion on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) expression. Study Design and Methods: Assays of plasma viral load were performed before and after transfusion in nine HIV-1-infected patients who required blood transfusion for refractory anemia. Results: There was a modest rise in plasma HIV-1 p24 antigen and plasma HIV-1 RNA beginning 1 to 2 weeks after the blood transfusion. The mean change in plasma p24 antigen for all patients was 9.3 +/- 5.1 (mean +/- SE) pg per mL at Week 2 after transfusion and 18 +/- 11.1 pg per mL at Week 4. Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels were unchanged immediately after transfusion and exceeded pretransfusion levels with a mean rise of 84 +/- 40 percent (SE) at Week 1, 70 +/- 27 percent at Week 2, and 67 +/- 38 percent at Week 4 (p = 0.006, exact permutation test). There was no increase in spontaneous or interleukin 2-induced lymphocyte proliferation or p24 antigen production by patients' lymphocytes that were examined immediately after blood transfusion. Conclusion: The transfusion of blood to persons with advanced HIV-1 infection modestly increases plasma levels of HIV-1. The activation of HIV-1 expression by transfusion may help to explain the accelerated course of HIV-1 disease in recipients of blood transfusion. C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,UNIV HOSP CLEVELAND,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. CLEVELAND CLIN FDN,DEPT CLIN PATHOL,RETROVIRUS LAB,CLEVELAND,OH 44195. HARVARD UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOSTAT,BOSTON,MA 02115. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,UNIV HOSP CLEVELAND,DEPT PEDIAT,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 36219] NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD OCT PY 1996 VL 36 IS 10 BP 860 EP 865 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1996.361097017170.x PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VM881 UT WOS:A1996VM88100003 PM 8863771 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA DeKay, M Baron, J Asch, DA AF Ubel, PA DeKay, M Baron, J Asch, DA TI Public preferences for efficiency and racial equity in kidney transplant allocation decisions SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Small Bowel Transplantation CY OCT 15-17, 1995 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ Hlth Sci, Pittsburgh Transplantat Inst, Int Transplant Nurses Soc, Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Div Transplant Surg ID SURVIVAL; JUSTICE; IMPACT C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,CTR BIOETH,3401 MARKET ST,SUITE 320,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD OCT PY 1996 VL 28 IS 5 BP 2997 EP 3002 PG 6 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA VL742 UT WOS:A1996VL74200268 PM 8908149 ER PT J AU Ward, PB Hoffer, LD Liebert, BJ Catts, SV ODonnell, M Adler, LE AF Ward, PB Hoffer, LD Liebert, BJ Catts, SV ODonnell, M Adler, LE TI Replication of a P50 auditory gating deficit in Australian patients with schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE auditory evoked potential; neuroleptic medication; habituation; sensory inhibition ID EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; EVOKED-RESPONSE; NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; PSYCHIATRIC-INPATIENTS; STIMULATION INTERVAL; PROCESSING DEFICIT; NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; SUPPRESSION; NORMALIZATION; RELIABILITY AB Schizophrenic patients reportedly have a deficit in the control of sensitivity to auditory stimuli as shown by the P50 auditory evoked potential wave in a conditioning-testing paradigm that measures suppression of response to a repeated stimulus. Although this finding has been replicated by several US laboratories, one European group has not found differences between schizophrenic patients and normal control subjects. In the present study, investigators in the Schizophrenia Research Center at the Prince of Wales Hospital in Sydney, Australia, selected 22 normal control subjects, II acutely ill schizophrenic inpatients, and 11 clinically stable schizophrenic outpatients. Both schizophrenic groups were treated with similar doses of classical neuroleptic medications. Evoked potentials were recorded by an investigator from the US laboratory that initially reported the difference; five averages, each the response to 32 stimulus pairs, were recorded from each subject. The normal control subjects demonstrated significantly more suppression of the P50 response to the repeated stimuli than the schizophrenic groups, as previously reported. There were no significant changes in the suppression measure over the five trials. The suppression of the P50 wave by schizophrenic outpatients was somewhat greater than that by schizophrenic inpatients, but both schizophrenic groups had decreased suppression, compared with the normal subjects. The mean P50 suppression for five averages was successfully used in a logistic regression to classify subjects as normal or schizophrenic. This method was more accurate than attempts to classify subjects with only one average. The mean amplitude of the initial conditioning response did not differ between groups. Schizophrenic patients had slightly shorter mean latencies. There was no direct relationship of P50 suppression to measures of clinical psychopathology. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DENVER,CO 80262. PRINCE WALES HOSP,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SYDNEY,NSW 2031,AUSTRALIA. DENVER VET AFFAIRS HOSP,DENVER,CO. RI Catts, Stanley/G-6917-2013; Ward, Philip/E-3959-2010 OI Ward, Philip/0000-0002-5779-7722 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-44212, MH-38321, MH-50787] NR 72 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD SEP 27 PY 1996 VL 64 IS 2 BP 121 EP 135 DI 10.1016/0165-1781(96)02876-4 PG 15 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VQ775 UT WOS:A1996VQ77500007 PM 8912954 ER PT J AU Farris, AD Gross, JK Hanas, JS Harley, JB AF Farris, AD Gross, JK Hanas, JS Harley, JB TI Genes for murine Y1 and Y3 Ro RNAs have class 3 RNA polymerase III promoter structures and are unlinked on mouse chromosome 6 SO GENE LA English DT Article DE small cytoplasmic RNA; Y RNA; YRNA; hY RNA; ribonucleoprotein; Ro RNP; nucleotide sequence; comparative study; in vitro transcription; gene mapping; mouse ID SMALL CYTOPLASMIC RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS; SMALL NUCLEAR-RNA; INVITRO TRANSCRIPTION; UPSTREAM ELEMENTS; BINDING-PROTEIN; CHAIN-REACTION; MESSENGER-RNA; U6 SNRNA; U2; AUTOANTIBODIES AB Murine YRNAs, which are components of the conserved Ro ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, have been identified by enzymatic RNA sequencing. Mouse Y1 (mY1) and Y3 (mY3; originally named mY2) RNAs share 97 and 95% identity to the human Y1 and Y3 RNAs, respectively. TATA-like sequences, Proximal Sequence Elements, and octamer sequences, which are upstream promoter element motifs indicative of Class 3 RNA Polymerase III (RNAIII) transcribed genes, are found upstream of both the putative mY1 and mY3 coding regions. Further, these elements are strikingly conserved both in sequence and position relative to known Class 3 genes and to human YRNA genes. Inhibition of transcription in vitro by 200 mu g/ml but not 1 mu g/ml of alpha-amanitin indicates transcription of the mouse YRNA genes by RNAPIII. Southern blot of C57BL/6J and Mus spretus murine genomic DNA with mY1 and mY3 gene-specific probes suggests that these genes are single copy in the mouse genome. Finally, gene mapping with a (C57BL/6J x SPRET/E(i))F-1 x SPRET/E(i) mouse interspecific backcross DNA panel localizes the mY1 gene to the distal end of mouse chromosome 6, close to the motheaten (me) autoimmunity locus. The mY3 gene maps to the proximal end of mouse chromosome 6 very close to the T cell receptor beta locus, in a region homologous to human chromosome 7 where the human YRNA genes have been mapped. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73104. RP Farris, AD (reprint author), OKLAHOMA MED RES FDN,US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,825 NE 13TH ST,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73104, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 31584, AI 24717]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 42460] NR 40 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD SEP 26 PY 1996 VL 174 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(96)00279-X PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA VL049 UT WOS:A1996VL04900006 PM 8863726 ER PT J AU Reddy, SV Alcantara, O Roodman, GD Boldt, DH AF Reddy, SV Alcantara, O Roodman, GD Boldt, DH TI Inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase gene expression by hemin and protoporphyrin .9. Identification of a hemin-responsive inhibitor of transcription SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID 5'-FLANKING REGION; TRAP GENE; ACTIVATOR HAP1; MESSENGER-RNA; DNA-BINDING; PROTEIN; CELLS; IRON; ORGANIZATION; PROMOTER AB Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) is an iron-containing protein encoded by the same gene that codes for uteroferrin, a placental iron transport protein. In human peripheral mononuclear cells, TRAP expression is inhibited by both hemin (ferric protoporphyrin IX) and protoporphyrin IX, Nuclear run-on assays confirmed that this inhibition occurs at the level of gene transcription. Previous studies with mTRAP deletion mutants showed that the hemin effect was dependent on repressor activity in the mTRAP 5'-flanking region at -1846 bp to -1240 bp relative to ATG (Reddy et al, J Bone Mineral Res 10:601, 1995), We now report that gel shift assays showed a DNA binding protein in nuclear extracts of hemin-treated cells termed hemin response element binding protein (HREBP). Additional studies have localized the HREBP binding region in the mTRAP 5'-flanking DNA to a U-bp sequence at -1815 to -1789 bp relative to ATG. A tandem repeat sequence, GAGGC;GAGGC, contained within this DNA segment, was shown to be involved in binding of HREBP. Highly homologous sequences are present in the 5'-flanking region of the hTRAP gene. Binding of HREBP to the mTRAP DNA sequence was inhibited by anti-HAP1 antibodies, indicating homology between the hemin-responsive factor and the yeast heme-dependent transcription factor, HAP1, A 607-bp segment of the mTRAP 5'-flanking region containing the candidate hemin response element and surrounding sequences conferred hemin regulation on the viral SV40 promoter, Southwestern blotting experiments probing nuclear extracts of hemin-treated U937 cells with the 27-bp binding sequence showed two protein bands at 37 and 133 kD representing candidate HREBPs. A GENINFO search showed several other mammalian genes with tandem GAGGC motifs in noncoding regions, providing the possibility that additional genes may also be regulated by hemin at the level of transcription, These studies provide the first description of a novel iron/hemin-responsive transcriptional regulatory mechanism in mammalian cells. (C) 1996 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV HEMATOL,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA40035]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336] NR 36 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 88 IS 6 BP 2288 EP 2297 PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VK565 UT WOS:A1996VK56500043 PM 8822950 ER PT J AU Mao, JT Huang, M Wang, JY Sharma, S Tashkin, DP Dubinett, SM AF Mao, JT Huang, M Wang, JY Sharma, S Tashkin, DP Dubinett, SM TI Cocaine down-regulates IL-2-induced peripheral blood lymphocyte IL-8 and IFN-gamma production SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; PROTO-ONCOGENE; DRUG-USERS; T-HELPER; CELLS; PROLIFERATION; INFECTION; SUBSETS; INTERLEUKIN-2 AB Cocaine has multiple immunomodulatory effects, including the ability to influence cytokine release in immunoeffector cells. Little is known, however, regarding the effects of cocaine on cytokine production by human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), The effect of cocaine on PBL cytokine profiles and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the modulation of cytokine mRNA expression were investigated. To evaluate the effects of cocaine on cytokine production, conditioned supernatant from IL-2-stimulated PBL was evaluated by cytokine-specific ELISA (IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta) following in vitro cocaine exposure. Cocaine abrogated the IL-a-induced production of IFN-gamma and IL-8 in a dose-responsive manner. Cocaine also decreased PBL IFN-gamma and IL-8 mRNA expression as determined by Northern blot and slot blot analysis. Cocaine did not affect the stability of the IFN-gamma and IL-8 mRNA. Nuclear run-on assays revealed that cocaine down-regulated the rate of IFN-gamma and IL-8 transcription. These findings suggest that the immunomodulatory effects of cocaine may be mediated, in part, by modification of lymphocyte cytokine production. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,PULM IMMUNOL LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA09120]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL07014]; NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA08254] NR 47 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD SEP 15 PY 1996 VL 172 IS 2 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1006/cimm.1996.0235 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA VJ542 UT WOS:A1996VJ54200010 PM 8964083 ER PT J AU Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Wen, J Philo, JS Poon, PH Phillips, ML Kempner, ES Wong, H AF Hill, JS Davis, RC Yang, D Wen, J Philo, JS Poon, PH Phillips, ML Kempner, ES Wong, H TI Human hepatic lipase subunit structure determination SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE; RADIATION INACTIVATION; PANCREATIC LIPASE; RAT-LIVER; CHIMERIC LIPASE; MOLECULAR-SIZE AB Chinese hamster ovary cells were stably transfected with a human hepatic lipase (HL) cDNA. The recombinant enzyme was purified from culture medium in milligram quantities and shown to have a molecular weight, specific activity, and heparin affinity equivalent to HL present in human post-heparin plasma. The techniques of intensity light scattering, sedimentation equilibrium, and radiation inactivation were employed to assess the subunit structure of HL. For intensity light scattering, purified enzyme was subjected to size exclusion chromatography coupled to three detectors in series: an ultraviolet absorbance monitor, a differential refractometer, and a light scattering photometer. The polypeptide molecular weight (without carbohydrate contributions) was calculated using the measurements from the three detectors combined with the extinction coefficient of human HL. A single protein peak containing HL activity was identified and calculated to have a molecular mass of 107,000 in excellent agreement with the expected value for a dimer of HL (106.8 kDa). In addition, sedimentation equilibrium studies revealed that HL had a molecular mass (with carbohydrate contributions) of 121 kDa, Finally, to determine the smallest structural unit required for lipolytic activity, HL was subjected to radiation inactivation, Purified HL was exposed to various doses of high energy electrons at -135 degrees C; lipase activity decreased as a single exponential function of the radiation dose to less than 0.01% remaining activity, The target size of functional HL was calculated to be 109 kDa, whereas the size of the structural unit was determined to be 63 kDa. These data indicate that two HL monomer subunits are required for lipolytic activity, consistent with an HL homodimer. A model for active dimeric hepatic lipase is presented with implications for physiological function. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST MOL BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. AMGEN INC,THOUSAND OAKS,CA 91320. NIAMS,PHYS BIOL LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP Hill, JS (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIPID RES LAB,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 113,RM 312,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Philo, John/A-8804-2009 OI Philo, John/0000-0003-3418-0356 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 48 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 13 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 37 BP 22931 EP 22936 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VG672 UT WOS:A1996VG67200093 PM 8798474 ER PT J AU Finger, TE Bryant, BP Kalinoski, DL Teeter, JH Bottger, B Grosvenor, W Cagan, RH Brand, JG AF Finger, TE Bryant, BP Kalinoski, DL Teeter, JH Bottger, B Grosvenor, W Cagan, RH Brand, JG TI Differential localization of putative amino acid receptors in taste buds of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE gustatory; taste receptors; alanine; arginine; solitary chemoreceptor cells ID HAMSTER CHORDA TYMPANI; NERVE-FIBERS; GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE; SYSTEM; SPECIFICITY; SENSATION; BINDING; SITES; RAT; RESPONSES AB The taste system of catfish, having distinct taste receptor sites for L-alanine and L-arginine, is highly sensitive to amino acids. A previously described monoclonal antibody (G-10), which inhibits L-alanine binding to a partial membrane fraction (P2) derived from catfish (lctalurus punctatus) taste epithelium, was found in Western blots to recognize a single band, at apparent MW of 113,000 D. This MW differs from the apparent MW for the presumed arginine receptor identified previously by PHA-E lectin affinity. In order to test whether PHA-E lectin actually reacts with the arginine-receptor, reconstituted membrane proteins partially purified by PHA-E affinity were used in artificial lipid bilayers. These reconstituted channels exhibited L-arginine-activated activity similar to that found in taste cell membranes. Accordingly, we utilized the PHA-E lectin and G-10 antibody as probes to differentially localize the L-alanine and L-arginine binding sites on the apical surface of catfish taste buds. Each probe labels numerous, small (0.5-1.0 mu m) patches within the taste pore of each taste bud. This observation suggests that each bud is not tuned to a single taste substance, but contains putative receptor sites for both L-arginine and L-alanine. Further, analysis of double-labeled tissue reveals that the PHA-E and G-10 sites tend to be separate within each taste pore. These findings imply that in catfish, individual taste cells preferentially express receptors to either L-arginine or L-alanine. In addition, PHA-E binds to the apices of solitary chemoreceptor cells in the epithelium, indicating that this independent chemoreceptor system may utilize some receptor sites similar to those in taste buds. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. COLGATE PALMOLIVE CO,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Finger, TE (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL,ROCKY MT TASTE & SMELL CTR,4200 E 9TH AVE,DENVER,CO 80262, USA. OI Finger, Thomas/0000-0001-5923-5099 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00327, DC00244, DC00356] NR 39 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD SEP 9 PY 1996 VL 373 IS 1 BP 129 EP 138 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960909)373:1<129::AID-CNE11>3.0.CO;2-F PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA VE376 UT WOS:A1996VE37600011 PM 8876468 ER PT J AU Blackshear, JL Baker, VS Rubino, F Safford, R Lane, G Flipse, T Malouf, J Thompson, R Webel, R Flaker, GC Young, L Hess, D Friedman, G Burger, R McAnulty, JH Coull, BM Marchant, C Timberg, J Janzik, C Giraud, G Halperin, B Kron, J Wynn, M Raitt, M Anderson, DC Asinger, RW Newburg, SM Fifield, J Bundlie, SR Koller, RL Tarrel, RD Dick, C Haugland, JM Jorgensen, CR Leonard, AD Kanter, MC Solomon, DH Zabalgoitia, M Mego, D Carter, JE Boyd, SY Boop, BS LaLonde, D Modlin, R Logan, WR Green, BJ Hamilton, WP Mezei, L Riggio, S Feldman, G Hayward, A Strauss, R Anderson, W Grover, J McKenzie, M HartMcArthur, P Gramberg, M Houston, H Halperin, JL Rothauf, EB Weinberger, JM Goldman, ME Laupacis, A Chan, KL Bourque, P Biggs, J Ives, A Feinberg, WM Kern, KB Pennock, GD Fenster, PE Huerta, BJ Ohm, J Dittrich, HC Kerridge, C Keen, W Swenson, M Kopecky, SL Litin, SC Wiebers, DO Holland, AE Brown, RD Khandheria, BK Meissner, I Tucker, KR Rothbart, R Torelli, J Schmidt, J Murray, D Ruzich, RS Loutfi, H Appleton, C Ingall, T Carlson, L Wilson, D Dunn, M Nolte, B Edwards, C Dick, A Price, LA Janosik, DL Bjerregaard, P Quattromani, A Schiller, L Labovitz, A Burch, C Parks, BJ Thompson, D Berarducci, L Carey, S Vigil, A Falk, R Battinelli, N McNeil, M Davidoff, R Bernard, S Bergethon, P Fiori, L Albers, G Atwood, E Clark, J Tong, D Yenari, M Froelicker, V Lutsep, H Hock, NH Quaglietti, S Kemp, S Alpert, MA Rothrock, JF Hupp, CH Massey, CV Hamilton, WJ Miller, VT Fox, J AF Blackshear, JL Baker, VS Rubino, F Safford, R Lane, G Flipse, T Malouf, J Thompson, R Webel, R Flaker, GC Young, L Hess, D Friedman, G Burger, R McAnulty, JH Coull, BM Marchant, C Timberg, J Janzik, C Giraud, G Halperin, B Kron, J Wynn, M Raitt, M Anderson, DC Asinger, RW Newburg, SM Fifield, J Bundlie, SR Koller, RL Tarrel, RD Dick, C Haugland, JM Jorgensen, CR Leonard, AD Kanter, MC Solomon, DH Zabalgoitia, M Mego, D Carter, JE Boyd, SY Boop, BS LaLonde, D Modlin, R Logan, WR Green, BJ Hamilton, WP Mezei, L Riggio, S Feldman, G Hayward, A Strauss, R Anderson, W Grover, J McKenzie, M HartMcArthur, P Gramberg, M Houston, H Halperin, JL Rothauf, EB Weinberger, JM Goldman, ME Laupacis, A Chan, KL Bourque, P Biggs, J Ives, A Feinberg, WM Kern, KB Pennock, GD Fenster, PE Huerta, BJ Ohm, J Dittrich, HC Kerridge, C Keen, W Swenson, M Kopecky, SL Litin, SC Wiebers, DO Holland, AE Brown, RD Khandheria, BK Meissner, I Tucker, KR Rothbart, R Torelli, J Schmidt, J Murray, D Ruzich, RS Loutfi, H Appleton, C Ingall, T Carlson, L Wilson, D Dunn, M Nolte, B Edwards, C Dick, A Price, LA Janosik, DL Bjerregaard, P Quattromani, A Schiller, L Labovitz, A Burch, C Parks, BJ Thompson, D Berarducci, L Carey, S Vigil, A Falk, R Battinelli, N McNeil, M Davidoff, R Bernard, S Bergethon, P Fiori, L Albers, G Atwood, E Clark, J Tong, D Yenari, M Froelicker, V Lutsep, H Hock, NH Quaglietti, S Kemp, S Alpert, MA Rothrock, JF Hupp, CH Massey, CV Hamilton, WJ Miller, VT Fox, J TI Adjusted-dose warfarin versus low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin for high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation III randomised clinical trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS; STOPPING RULES; COMPLICATIONS; THERAPY AB Background Adjusted-dose warfarin is highly efficacious for prevention of ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, this treatment carries a risk of bleeding and the need for frequent medical monitoring. We sought an alternative that would be safer and easier to administer to patients with AF who are at high-risk of thromboembolism. Methods 1044 patients with AF and with at least one thromboembolic risk factor (congestive heart failure or left ventricular fractional shortening less than or equal to 25%, previous thromboembolism, systolic blood pressure of more than 160 mm Hg at study enrolment, or being a woman aged over 75 years) were randomly assigned either a combination of low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin (international normalised ratio [INR] 1.2-1.5 for initial dose adjustment) and aspirin (325 mg/day) or adjusted-dose warfarin (INR 2.0-3.0). Drugs were given open-labelled. Findings The mean INR during follow-up of patients taking combination therapy (n=521) was 1.3, compared with 2.4 for those taking adjusted-dose warfarin (n=523). During followup, 54% of INRs in patients taking combination therapy were 1.2-1.5 and 34% were less than 1.2. The trial was stopped after a mean follow-up of 1.1 years when the rate of ischaemic stroke and systemic embolism (primary events) in patients given combination therapy (7.9% per year) was significantly higher than in those given adjusted-dose warfarin (1.9% per year) at an interim analysis (p<0.0001), an absolute reduction of 6.0% per year (95% CI 3.4, 8.6) by adjusted-dose warfarin. The annual rates of disabling stroke (5.6% vs 1.7%, p=0.0007) and of primary event or vascular death (11.8% vs 6.4%, p=0.002), were also higher with combination therapy. The rates of major bleeding were similar in both treatment groups. Interpretation Low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin in this regimen is insufficient for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular AF at high-risk for thromboembolism; adjusted-dose warfarin (target INR 2.0-3.0) importantly reduces stroke for high-risk patients. C1 MAYO CLIN JACKSONVILLE, JACKSONVILLE, FL 32224 USA. UNIV MISSOURI, COLUMBIA, MO USA. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV, PORTLAND, OR 97201 USA. HENNEPIN CTY MED CTR, ABBOTT NW HOSP, MINNEAPOLIS, MN USA. PARK NICOLLET MED CTR, MINNEAPOLIS, MN USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. ST JOHNS MERCY MED CTR, ST LOUIS, MO 63141 USA. KAISER PERMANENTE, PORTLAND, OR USA. MT SINAI MED CTR, NEW YORK, NY 10029 USA. UNIV OTTAWA, OTTAWA CIVIC HOSP, OTTAWA, ON, CANADA. UNIV ARIZONA, COLL MED, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO MED CTR, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN, ROCHESTER, MN 55905 USA. LEBAUER CARDIOL ASSOCIATES, GREENSBORO, NC USA. MAYO CLIN SCOTTSDALE, SCOTTSDALE, AZ USA. UNIV KANSAS, MED CTR, KANSAS CITY, KS 66103 USA. ST LOUIS UNIV, MED CTR, ST LOUIS, MO USA. BOSTON CITY HOSP, BOSTON, MA 02118 USA. STANFORD UNIV, STROKE CTR, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA. UNIV S ALABAMA, COLL MED, MOBILE, AL 36688 USA. MARSHFIELD CLIN FDN MED RES & EDUC, CHIPPEWA FALLS, WI USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. STATE & EPIDEMIOL RES CORP, SEATTLE, WA USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. UNIV VERMONT, BURLINGTON, VT USA. UNIV PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA USA. KNOLL PHARMACEUT CO, WHIPPANY, NJ 07981 USA. WAYNE STATE UNIV, DETROIT, MI USA. HENRY FORD HOSP, DETROIT, MI 48202 USA. RP Blackshear, JL (reprint author), STAT & EPIDEMIOL RES CORP, SPAF STAT CTR, 1107 NE 45TH ST, SUITE 520, SEATTLE, WA 98105 USA. NR 28 TC 702 Z9 715 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 7 PY 1996 VL 348 IS 9028 BP 633 EP 638 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF609 UT WOS:A1996VF60900007 ER PT J AU Ko, CW Bhandari, B Yee, J Terhune, WC Maldonado, R Kasinath, BS AF Ko, CW Bhandari, B Yee, J Terhune, WC Maldonado, R Kasinath, BS TI Cyclic AMP regulates basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan, metabolism in rat glomerular epithelial cells SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cAMP; prostaglandins; glomerular basement membrane; perlecan; glomerular epithelial cells ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN-RECEPTOR; HIGH-GLUCOSE MEDIUM; CORE PROTEIN; INCREASED PERMEABILITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; GROWTH-FACTOR; LAMININ; CAMP; ANTIBODIES; MODULATION AB Perlecan, the basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), has been fully cloned from mouse and human tissues. When a cRNA probe of murine perlecan cDNA was employed in RNase protection assay to test whether rat glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) constitutively express perlecan, several bands of hybridization were seen, suggesting that sequences between rat and murine perlecan may not be identical. Using primers based on published cDNA sequences of murine and human perlecan and polyA+ RNA of rat GEC, we synthesized a 497 bp product (RPD-I) by RT-PCR. The deduced aminoacid sequence showed an 85% and 88% homology with domain I of murine and human perlecan, respectively. The three putative sites containing the consensus sequence SGD for attachment of heparan sulfate chains were fully conserved in the rat perlecan as was a site (NFT) for attachment of N-linked oligosaccharide. RPD-I detected a > 9.5 kb transcript of perlecan in RNA of GEC, similar in size to that present in rat glomeruli. Employing a riboprobe synthesized from RPD-I in RNase protection assay we examined whether dbcAMP regulated perlecan expression in the GEC. At 1, 6, 24 and 48 h of incubation, 1 mM dbcAMP caused 43%, 32%, 47% and 40% reduction in mRNA abundance of perlecan, respectively. Immunoprecipitation showed a corresponding reduction of 61%, 70% and 65% in the synthesis of (SO4)-S-35 labeled basement membrane HSPG by the GEC following 12, 24 and 48 h of incubation with dbcAMP. Following incubation for 1 and 24 h prostaglandins, PGE1 and PGE2 (1 uM), known activators of glomerular adenylate cyclase, reduced perlecan mRNA abundance to a similar extent as dbcAMP on northern analysis. Our results show that glomerular basement membrane HSPG synthesized by the GEC belongs to the perlecan family. Decrease of GEC perlecan gene expression and synthesis by cAMP and prostaglandins may be of relevance to proteinuric states characterized by activation of these mediators. RP Ko, CW (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM HOSP,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK41517] NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PD SEP 6 PY 1996 VL 162 IS 1 BP 65 EP 73 PG 9 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA VM243 UT WOS:A1996VM24300009 PM 8905627 ER PT J AU Barnhart, J Shekelle, P Lewis, C AF Barnhart, J Shekelle, P Lewis, C TI School policies and primary care careers - Reply SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & SOCIAL MED,BRONX,NY 10461. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,VET AFFAIRS HLTH SERV RES & DEV SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH PROMOT & DIS PREVENT,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Barnhart, J (reprint author), YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT MED,1300 MORRIS PK AVE,BRONX,NY 10461, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 71 IS 9 BP 934 EP 935 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA VH214 UT WOS:A1996VH21400004 ER PT J AU Davis, JW Grandinetti, A Waslien, CI Ross, GW White, LR Morens, DM AF Davis, JW Grandinetti, A Waslien, CI Ross, GW White, LR Morens, DM TI Observations on serum uric acid levels and the risk of idiopathic Parkinson's disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mortality; Parkinson's disease; uric acid ID SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GLUTATHIONE; HYPOTHESIS; OXIDATION; FERRITIN; HAWAII; METALS; BRAINS; IRON AB Uric acid, an antioxidant found in high concentrations in serum and in the brain, has been hypothesized to protect against oxidative damage and cell death in Parkinson's disease, The authors tested this hypothesis among men participating in a 30-year prospective study known as the Honolulu Heart Program, Serum uric acid was measured in 7,968 men at the baseline examination held from 1965 to 1968, Of these men, 92 subsequently developed idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD), In analyses adjusted for age and smoking, men with uric acid concentrations above the median at enrollment had a 40% reduction in IPD incidence (rate ratio (RR) = 0.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4-1.0), Reduced IPD incidence rates persisted in analyses restricted to nonsmokers (RR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-1.0) and cases younger than age 75 years (RR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.9), Incidence rates were not notably affected when analyses were restricted to cases that occurred more than 5 years after uric acid measurement (RR = 0.6; 95% CI 0.4-1.0). Inclusion of known or computed correlates of uric acid in regression models did not substantially change risk of IPD, This study provides prospective evidence of an association between uric acid and reduced occurrence of IPD and indicates that further investigations of this association are warranted. C1 UNIV HAWAII,SCH PUBL HLTH,PROGRAM EPIDEMIOL,HONOLULU,HI 96822. HAWAII OSTEOPOROSIS CTR,HONOLULU,HI. EAST WEST CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96848. UNIV HAWAII,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,HONOLULU,HI. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HONOLULU,HI. NIA,NIH,HONOLULU,HI. UNIV HAWAII,SCH MED,DEPT TROP MED,HONOLULU,HI. NR 21 TC 116 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER J EPIDEMIOLOGY PI BALTIMORE PA 624 N BROADWAY RM 225, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 144 IS 5 BP 480 EP 484 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VE900 UT WOS:A1996VE90000007 PM 8781463 ER PT J AU Adibi, SA Schenker, S Morse, E AF Adibi, SA Schenker, S Morse, E TI Mechanism of clearance and transfer of dipeptides by perfused human placenta SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE glycylglutamine; glutamine; dipeptide hydrolysis; dipeptide transport ID BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE; PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; AMINO-ACIDS; TRANSPORT; GLUTAMINE; HYDROLYSIS; ETHANOL; GLYCYLGLUTAMINE; METABOLISM; ANTIPYRINE AB Glycylglutamine (Gly-Gln) is a stable source of glutamine for parenteral nutrition. In the present study we have investigated whether this dipeptide is transferred intact across the human placenta. Although after 90 min of placental perfusion there was almost complete disappearance of Gly-Gln (100 mu M) from the maternal compartment, only a small concentration of this dipeptide (<6 mu M) appeared in the fetal compartment. To investigate whether this transfer was due to transcellular transport, brush-border membrane vesicles of the human placenta were probed with [H-3]Gly-Gln, which showed no uptake. To investigate whether hydrolysis was the mechanism of disappearance of Gly-Gln, the perfusion study was repeated with glycylsarcosine (Gly-Sar), which is resistant to hydrolysis. In sharp contrast to Gly-Gln, after 90 min of perfusion nearly 80% of Gly-Sar remained in the perfusate (half-life of 24 vs. 235 min). The rest of the Gly-Sar was recovered intact in the fetal compartment. The addition of Gly-Gln to the maternal compartment increased the accumulation of glycine, but not glutamine, in both the maternal and fetal compartments. In conclusion, our data suggest that I) the mechanism of clearance of Gly-Gln by perfused human placenta is largely hydrolysis, whereas that of Gly-Sar is largely passive diffusion, and 2) the placenta has a greater preference for glutamine than for glycine. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, DIV GASTROENTEROL & NUTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Adibi, SA (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH, MED CTR,CLIN NUTR RES UNIT,SCH MED,DEPT MED, 200 LOTHROP ST, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-07514]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-15861] NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 271 IS 3 BP E535 EP E540 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA VH198 UT WOS:A1996VH19800017 PM 8843748 ER PT J AU Ohning, GV Wong, HC Lloyd, KCK Walsh, JH AF Ohning, GV Wong, HC Lloyd, KCK Walsh, JH TI Gastrin mediates the gastric mucosal proliferative response to feeding SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gastrin-specific monoclonal antibody; oxyntic mucosa; bromodeoxyuridine; immunohistochemistry; gastric acid secretion; pancreatic secretion; pentagastrin; immunoneutralization; rat ID CELL-PROLIFERATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ANTRAL GASTRIN; RAT STOMACH; HUMAN BIG; KINETICS; TRACT AB The role of endogenous gastrin in oxyntic mucosal proliferation during feeding in the rat was studied by immunoneutralization with a gastrin-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) (CURE 051091.5). The immunochemical characteristics of this antibody were characterized by competitive radioimmunoassay, and the in vivo immunoneutralizing properties were validated by measuring effects on gastric acid and pancreatic secretion. Oxyntic mucosal proliferation in response to feeding was measured in adult male rats after a 48-h fast using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry. Gastrin-specific MAb inhibited gastrin-17- but not pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and had no effect on cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated pancreatic secretion. In contrast, a MAb specific for the common COOH-terminal pentapeptide of gastrin and CCK inhibited gastrin-17- and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion and CCK-stimulated pancreatic secretion. Pretreatment with gastrin-specific MAb 8 h before refeeding significantly reduced by 61% the number of BrdU-labeled cells in the oxyntic mucosal proliferative zone compared with control MAb-treated rats. These results demonstrate the importance of endogenous gastrin in the proliferative response of the oxyntic mucosa to feeding in the rat. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT VET AFFAIRS, RES SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT VET AFFAIRS, MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, CTR DIGEST DIS, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-17294, DK-4130, DK-07180] NR 25 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 271 IS 3 BP G470 EP G476 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA VH511 UT WOS:A1996VH51100013 PM 8843772 ER PT J AU Kleber, HD Anton, RF Chick, J Croop, R OBrien, CP AF Kleber, HD Anton, RF Chick, J Croop, R OBrien, CP TI Clinical applications of new alcoholism studies - American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry, Symposium presented at the American Psychiatric Association Annual Meeting, May 5, 1996, New York, NY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Editorial Material ID DEPENDENCE; NALTREXONE AB Recent clinical trials have examined multiple modalities for enhancing outcome in alcohol dependence. New research presented at the May 1996 American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry symposium described a unique instrument for assessing control over alcohol consumption and the instrument's use in studies assessing its efficacy in the treatment of alcoholism In addition, long-term safety data for naltrexone, an opioid-antagonist that has been shown to be effective in reducing relapse among alcohol-dependent patients, was reviewed, showing the lack of significant hepatoxicity of naltrexone at the doses normally used for alcoholism treatment. Results of a multicenter study for integrating naltrexone into outpatient treatment programs with less-intensive psychosocial therapy than previous studies were also presented. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,CTR ADDICT & SUBST ABUSE,NEW YORK,NY. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. ROYAL EDINBURGH & ASSOCIATED HOSP,EDINBURGH,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. DUPONT MERCK PHARMACEUT CO,CNS,WILMINGTON,DE 19880. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Kleber, HD (reprint author), COLUMBIA UNIV COLL PHYS & SURG,630 W 168TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10032, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 5 IS 4 SU 1 BP S38 EP S44 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA VQ814 UT WOS:A1996VQ81400006 ER PT J AU Bishop, MJ Cheney, FW AF Bishop, MJ Cheney, FW TI Anesthesia for patients with asthma - Low risk but not no risk SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE anesthesia; bronchial hyperreactivity; bronchospasm C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Bishop, MJ (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,DEPT ANESTHESIA OPERATING ROOM SERV,1660 S COLUMBIAN WAY,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 85 IS 3 BP 455 EP 456 DI 10.1097/00000542-199609000-00001 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA VK280 UT WOS:A1996VK28000003 PM 8853072 ER PT J AU Glickerman, DJ Dickhoff, PJ Zierler, RE Harley, JD Dawson, DL AF Glickerman, DJ Dickhoff, PJ Zierler, RE Harley, JD Dawson, DL TI Successful treatment of early postoperative aortic graft infection by percutaneous catheter drainage SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID 250 ABDOMINAL ABSCESSES; FLUID COLLECTIONS; CT; COMPLICATIONS; MANAGEMENT; RECONSTRUCTION; EXPERIENCE; ASPIRATION; IRRIGATION; SURGERY AB Successful treatment by percutaneous catheter drainage of an acute aortic graft infection with an associated pancreatic fistula is reported. Percutaneous catheter drainage can be considered in selected patients when the risk of reoperation is deemed unacceptable or when other reasonable treatment options do not exist. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE DIV,DIV VASC SURG,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Glickerman, DJ (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE DIV,RADIOL SERV 114,DEPT RADIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 10 IS 5 BP 486 EP 489 DI 10.1007/BF02000598 PG 4 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WH258 UT WOS:A1996WH25800010 PM 8905070 ER PT J AU Wexler, HM Molitoris, E Molitoris, D Finegold, SM AF Wexler, HM Molitoris, E Molitoris, D Finegold, SM TI In vitro activities of trovafloxacin against 557 strains of anaerobic bacteria SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE INVITRO ACTIVITY; NEWER QUINOLONES; CIPROFLOXACIN; CI-960; FLUOROQUINOLONE; CLINAFLOXACIN; SPARFLOXACIN; DU-6859A AB The antimicrobial activity of trovafloxacin for 557 strains of anaerobic bacteria was determined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards-approved Wadsworth agar dilution technique. The species tested included Bacteroides fragilis (n = 91), other members of the B. fragilis group (n = 130), Campylobacter gracilis (n = 15), other Bacteroides spp. (n = 16), Prevotella spp. (n = 49), Porphyromonas spp. (n = 15), Fusobacterium spp. (n = 62), Bilophila wadsworthia (n = 24), Sutterella wadsworthensis (n = 21), Clostridium spp. (n = 61), Peptostreptococcus spp. (n = 38), and gram-positive non-spore-forming rods (n = 35). Trovafloxacin inhibited all strains of B. fragilis at less than or equal to 0.5 mu g/ml, 99% of other B. fragilis group species at less than or equal to 2 mu g/ml, and 96% of all anaerobes tested at less than or equal to 2 mu g/ml. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,WADSWORTH DIV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,WADSWORTH DIV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 23 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 40 IS 9 BP 2232 EP 2235 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VF645 UT WOS:A1996VF64500053 PM 8878617 ER PT J AU Silverman, S Borenstein, D Solomon, G Espinoza, L Colin, M AF Silverman, S Borenstein, D Solomon, G Espinoza, L Colin, M TI Preliminary operational criteria for systemic silicone related disease (SSRD). SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LSU,NEW ORLEANS,LA. HOSP JOINT DIS & MED CTR,INST ORTHOPAED,NEW YORK,NY. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VA,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88300148 ER PT J AU MacLean, CH Lee, PP Keeler, EB AF MacLean, CH Lee, PP Keeler, EB TI Cost analysis of routine ophthalmologic screening for hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88300273 ER PT J AU Saaibi, DL Clayburne, G Schlessinger, N Schumacher, HR Gowin, KM AF Saaibi, DL Clayburne, G Schlessinger, N Schumacher, HR Gowin, KM TI Seasonal variation in serum uric acid levels. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 350 EP 350 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88300350 ER PT J AU Silverman, S Go, K Tou, C AF Silverman, S Go, K Tou, C TI What is the difference in quality of life between patients with osteopenia and patients with osteoporotic fracture? SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. OSTEOPOROSIS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. SANOFI WINTHROP INC,MALVERN,PA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 370 EP 370 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88300370 ER PT J AU Sakata, KM Sakata, A Dang, H VelaRoch, N Escalante, A Kong, LP Nakabayashi, T Cheng, J Talal, N AF Sakata, KM Sakata, A Dang, H VelaRoch, N Escalante, A Kong, LP Nakabayashi, T Cheng, J Talal, N TI Fas (CD95)-transduced signal preferentially stimulates lupus peripheral T lymphocytes activation. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 686 EP 686 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88300688 ER PT J AU Hsu, HC Zhou, T Yang, PA Li, L Cassell, G Mountz, JD AF Hsu, HC Zhou, T Yang, PA Li, L Cassell, G Mountz, JD TI Effects of CD2-FAS transgene and age in Mycoplasma pulmoni-induced immune response and autoantibody production in CD-1 mice. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ALABAMA,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. BIRMINGHAM VAMC,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 935 EP 935 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88300936 ER PT J AU MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekelle, PG Paulus, HE Brook, RH AF MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekelle, PG Paulus, HE Brook, RH TI Inappropriate drug use in rheumatoid arthritis? SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. VALUE HLTH SCI,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 1083 EP 1083 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88301084 ER PT J AU James, JA Harley, JB AF James, JA Harley, JB TI Preliminary genetic linkage of lupus autoimmune spreading with a polymorphic lymphocyte cell-surface antigen. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,OKLAHOMA MED RES FDN,DEPT MED,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 1135 EP 1135 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88301136 ER PT J AU Williams, WV Fang, Q Godillot, AP Madaio, M Wang, B Boyer, J Rook, A Ciccarelli, RB Higgins, T Weiner, DB Lessin, S AF Williams, WV Fang, Q Godillot, AP Madaio, M Wang, B Boyer, J Rook, A Ciccarelli, RB Higgins, T Weiner, DB Lessin, S TI DNA vaccination against pathogenic variable regions. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. APOLLON INC,MALVERN,PA 19355. RI Weiner, David/H-8579-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 1430 EP 1430 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88301431 ER PT J AU Nakabayashi, T Dang, H Kong, LP Letterio, JJ Geiser, AG Talal, N AF Nakabayashi, T Dang, H Kong, LP Letterio, JJ Geiser, AG Talal, N TI MHC class II antigen expression is a factor for development of autoimmune phenotype in TGF-beta 1 knockout mice. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NEI,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 1568 EP 1568 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88301568 ER PT J AU MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekeile, PG Paulous, HE Brook, RH AF MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekeile, PG Paulous, HE Brook, RH TI Costs attributable to arthritis implications of costs. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. VALUE HLTH SCI,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 1736 EP 1736 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88301734 ER PT J AU Roodman, GD AF Roodman, GD TI Paget's disease and osteoclast biology SO BONE LA English DT Review ID FAMILIAL EXPANSILE OSTEOLYSIS; GIANT-CELL TUMORS; MULTINUCLEATED CELLS; NUCLEAR INCLUSIONS; MARROW CULTURES; BONE-RESORPTION; INTERLEUKIN-6; MEASLES; PRECURSORS; VIRUS C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. FU NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336, AR39529] NR 40 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD SEP PY 1996 VL 19 IS 3 BP 209 EP 212 DI 10.1016/8756-3282(96)00211-6 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VE628 UT WOS:A1996VE62800001 PM 8873960 ER PT J AU Yirmiya, R Tio, DL Taylor, AN AF Yirmiya, R Tio, DL Taylor, AN TI Effects of fetal alcohol exposure on fever, sickness behavior, and pituitary-adrenal activation induced by interleukin-1 beta in young adult rats SO BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PRENATAL ETHANOL EXPOSURE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; THERMOREGULATORY DEFICITS; TEMPERATURE RESPONSES; NITRIC-OXIDE; IMMUNE; ALTERS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; LIPOCORTIN-1 AB Exposure to alcohol in utero can lead to long-lasting impairments of immune functions and to decreased resistance to infectious agents. We have previously reported that fetal alcohol-exposed rats show markedly decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced fever and suggested that fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) impairs the communication between the immune and the nervous systems. The present study examined the effects of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) on body temperature, motor activity, ingestive behavior, and pituitary-adrenal activation in fetal alcohol-exposed and control rats. Transmitters for continuous biotelemetric recording of body temperature and motor activity were implanted ip in normal (N) adult rats, offspring of dams fed a liquid diet supplemented with ethanol (E), and pair-fed control offspring (P). In one experiment, rats were injected with either IL-I (2 mu g/kg, ip) or saline at the beginning of the light period. IL-1 produced a marked increase in body temperature, which was significantly lower in E rats than in N and P rats. In a second experiment, rats were administered either IL-1 (10 mu g/kg, ip) or saline at the beginning of the dark period. IL-I produced an initial transient hypothermia followed by a longer-lasting hyperthermia. During the hyperthermic phase, fever in the E rats was lower than in the P rats, but comparable to fever in the N rats. IL-1 significantly reduced motor activity, during both the hypothermic and hyperthermic phases. This effect was similar in all prenatal treatment groups. IL-1 also suppressed 24-h food consumption in N and P rats and water consumption in P rats, but it did not produce significant anorexia and adypsia in E rats. A third experiment demonstrated that IL-1 (2 mu g/ kg, ip) significantly increased ACTH and corticosterone release in all prenatal treatment groups. IL-l-induced corticosterone secretion was attenuated in P offspring, compared to both E and N rats. Together, these findings indicate that exposure to ethanol in utero produces impairments in mechanisms that mediate the effects of IL-1 on body temperature (particularly during the light period) and ingestive behavior, but not on motor activity and pituitary-adrenal activation. In view of the adaptive role of IL-l-induced fever and anorexia, these impairments may contribute to the decreased resistance to infections observed in animals and humans following FAE. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Yirmiya, R (reprint author), HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,DEPT PSYCHOL,MT SCOPUS,IL-91905 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. RI Yirmiya, Raz/D-1090-2014 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA09850] NR 64 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0889-1591 J9 BRAIN BEHAV IMMUN JI Brain Behav. Immun. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 205 EP 220 DI 10.1006/brbi.1996.0019 PG 16 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA VW935 UT WOS:A1996VW93500003 PM 8954594 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Wang, JY Huang, M Paul, RW Lee, P McBride, WH Economou, JS Roth, MD Kiertscher, SM Dubinett, SM AF Sharma, S Wang, JY Huang, M Paul, RW Lee, P McBride, WH Economou, JS Roth, MD Kiertscher, SM Dubinett, SM TI Interleukin-7 gene transfer in non-small-cell lung cancer decreases tumor proliferation, modifies cell surface molecule expression, and enhances antitumor reactivity SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article DE interleukin-7; non-small-cell lung cancer ID HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; IN-VITRO; GROWTH-FACTOR; ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY; MURINE FIBROSARCOMA; INTERFERON-GAMMA; DOWN-REGULATION; MELANOMA-CELLS; OVARIAN-CANCER AB Cytokine gene transfer to tumor cells can augment host antitumor responses and modify tumor phenotype. To evaluate the immunoregulatory and antitumor capacities of lung tumor-derived interleukin-7 (IL-7), we transduced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with the IL-7/HyTK internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) retroviral vector and evaluated modifications in tumor phenotype and cocultured effector activities. In vitro proliferation of IL-7-transduced tumor cells was significantly less than control vector-transduced and parental tumor cells. The decreased proliferation rates of IL-7-transduced cells could be reproduced by adding high concentrations of recombinant IL-7 to the parental cells. Anti-IL-7 monoclonal antibody significantly increased the proliferation of the IL-7-transduced cells (P < .05). Parental NSCLC cells were found to express the IL-7 receptor, and IL-7 gene transduction did not alter expression of the IL-7 receptor. IL-7 transduction significantly altered tumor cell expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1, major histocompalibility complex I, lymphocyte function-related antigen 3, very late activation antigen beta 1, and p185(neu). Peripheral blood lymphocytes cocultured with either IL-7-transduced tumor cells or tumor supernatants had enhanced cytolytic and proliferative capacities compared with coculture with control vector-transduced or parental cells. Our findings indicate that IL-7 gene transfer in NSCLC significantly augments cocultured effector activities in vitro, inhibits tumor cell proliferation, and modifies tumor cell surface phenotype. These findings suggest that IL-7 gene therapy may be effective in modifying host antitumor responses in NSCLC. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,WADSWORTH PULM IMMUNOL LAB,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT SURG ONCOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET ADM,MED RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. TARGETED GENET,SEATTLE,WA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 59326-01, CA 58993-01]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL07014-18] NR 55 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 3 IS 5 BP 302 EP 313 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VM738 UT WOS:A1996VM73800003 PM 8894249 ER PT J AU Tavli, T Ammar, A Wong, M AF Tavli, T Ammar, A Wong, M TI Diastolic spectrum of left-ventricular hypertrophy: The impact of etiology and coronary artery disease on Doppler transmitral velocity SO CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE relaxation abnormality; compliance abnormality; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; pressure overload hypertrophy ID FLOW VELOCITY; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION; SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION; ATRIAL CONTRIBUTION; LOADING CONDITIONS; HEART-RATE; CARDIOMYOPATHY; PRELOAD; PATTERN; INDEXES AB Diastolic Filling of hypertrophied left ventricles has frequently been observed by Doppler methods. We hypothesized that filling characteristics in hypertrophy vary with etiology and concurrent ischemia. For patients with hypertrophy, the left-ventricular ejection fraction was >0.47 +/- 0.16, end-diastolic pressure was > 15 +/- 2 mm Hg, end-diastolic volume index was <96 +/- 12 ml/m(2) and left-ventricular mass index was 127 +/- 7 g/m(2). Peak E (early) and peak A (late) diastolic velocities and E-wave deceleration time, respectively, were as follows (significant unless otherwise indicated): normal subjects (NS), 79 +/- 9 and 82 +/- 19 cm/s, and 151 +/- 7 ms; cardiomyopathic hypertrophy, 63 +/- 16, 83 +/- 15 (NS) and 193 +/- 63, aortic stenosis without coronary disease, 110 +/- 10, 128 +/- 12 and 158 +/- 22 (NS); aortic stenosis with coronary disease, 57 +/- 12, 86 +/- 26 (NS) and 187 +/- 39; hypertension without coronary disease, 107 +/- 9, 128 +/- 9 and 143 +/- 22 (NS); hypertension with coronary disease, 58 +/- 12, 84 +/- 26 (NS) and 189 +/- 29. Conclusions: Hypertrophied left ventricles filled with two diastolic Doppler patterns: a relaxation abnormality with low peak E and delayed deceleration in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and a compliance abnormality with tall peak E and normal deceleration in pressure overload hypertrophy. When coronary artery disease occurred with pressure overload hypertrophy, impaired relaxation was the dominant pattern. Therefore, in addition to the known physiologic influences on diastolic filling, the etiology and presence of coronary artery disease modulate the configuration of transmitral velocities into hypertrophied ventricles. C1 CELAL BAYAR UNIV, FAC MED, DEPT CARDIOL, MANISA, TURKEY. ZAGAZIG UNIV, FAC MED, DEPT CARDIOL, ZAGAZIG, EGYPT. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0008-6312 EI 1421-9751 J9 CARDIOLOGY JI Cardiology PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 87 IS 5 BP 436 EP 442 DI 10.1159/000177133 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VJ362 UT WOS:A1996VJ36200012 PM 8894266 ER PT J AU Young, SH Ennes, HS Mayer, EA AF Young, SH Ennes, HS Mayer, EA TI Propagation of calcium waves between colonic smooth muscle cells in culture SO CELL CALCIUM LA English DT Article ID CA2+-INDUCED CA2+ RELEASE; MECHANICAL STIMULATION; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; LONG-RANGE; CA-2+; CHANNELS; OSCILLATIONS; INHIBITION AB Intercellular propagation of a diffusible substance through direct cytoplasmic communication between multiple cells could represent an important mechanism for mutual multiple cell signaling between cells in a tissue. The current study was aimed at characterizing the mechanism(s) underlying the intercellular propagation of calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) transients between colonic smooth muscle cells. Changes in [Ca2+](i) in smooth muscle cells from the rabbit distal colon in primary cultures were monitored using videomicroscopy with the fluorescent dye Fura-2. Myocytes responded to light mechanical deformation of the plasma membrane with a localized increase in [Ca2+](i) which spread in a wave-like fashion through up to 5 adjacent cells, with little change in wave amplitude. Dye coupling between cells was demonstrated by Lucifer Yellow, and intercellular wave propagation was abolished by octanol, suggesting propagation of Ca2+ waves via gap junctions. Wave propagation was not dependent on extracellular [Ca2+], suggesting regenerative release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Propagation of Ca2+ waves through silent cells suggested a diffusible messenger other than Ca2+. Wave propagation and kinetics were unaffected by ryanodine (50 mu M) or caffeine (10 mM), but abolished by depletion of thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+ stores and by the phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122 (10 mu M), implicating inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P-3,) sensitive stores as the major Ca2+ source for propagated Ca2+ transients. These results indicate that, in a connected complex of colonic smooth muscle cells in culture, multiple cells can monitor the mechanical status of a single cell through diffusion of Ins(1,4,5)P-3, Ca2+, or another intercellular messenger. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Young, SH (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE,NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,ROOM 107,BLDG 115,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 40919] NR 36 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND EH1 3AF SN 0143-4160 J9 CELL CALCIUM JI Cell Calcium PD SEP PY 1996 VL 20 IS 3 BP 257 EP 271 DI 10.1016/S0143-4160(96)90031-7 PG 15 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA VK737 UT WOS:A1996VK73700004 PM 8894272 ER PT J AU Zhong, WX Oberley, LW Oberley, TD Yan, T Domann, FE StClair, DK AF Zhong, WX Oberley, LW Oberley, TD Yan, T Domann, FE StClair, DK TI Inhibition of cell growth and sensitization to oxidative damage by overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase in rat glioma cells SO CELL GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; DNA-BINDING; CU,ZN-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; PARAQUAT RESISTANCE; EXPRESSION VECTOR; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; ATHYMIC MICE; TOXICITY; MODULATION AB The effects of overexpression of human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) on cell proliferation and response to oxidative stress in rat glioma cells were studied, MnSOD-overexpressing cells had a 2- to 14-fold increase in MnSOD activity, but did not have consistent changes in the activities of CuZnSOD, catalase, or glutathione peroxidase, Cells with more than a 5-fold increase in MnSOD activity became more sensitive to radiation, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, and buthionine sulfoximine and had a lower growth rate than parental and vector control cells, The sensitivity to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea was partially reduced by pyruvate, a H2O2 scavenger, Our results suggest that overexpression of MnSOD can cause an imbalance of antioxidant enzymes, which we hypothesize results in an elevation of intracellular H2O2. Overexpression of MnSOD can either inhibit cell proliferation or increase cell death by oxidative agents, depending on the levels of peroxide-removing enzymes. C1 UNIV IOWA,RADIAT RES LAB,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PATHOL SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV KENTUCKY,GRAD CTR TOXICOL,LEXINGTON,KY 40536. OI Domann, Frederick/0000-0002-0489-2179 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 41267, CA 49797]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE 10758] NR 46 TC 136 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1044-9523 J9 CELL GROWTH DIFFER JI Cell Growth Differ. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP 1175 EP 1186 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA VG769 UT WOS:A1996VG76900007 PM 8877099 ER PT J AU Lawrence, VA Dhanda, R Hilsenbeck, SG Page, CP AF Lawrence, VA Dhanda, R Hilsenbeck, SG Page, CP TI Risk of pulmonary complications after elective abdominal surgery SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE cardiac complications; preoperative care; pulmonary complications; pulmonary function testing; surgery/operative ID POSTOPERATIVE MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-SURGERY; NONCARDIAC SURGERY; PREOPERATIVE SPIROMETRY; CARDIAC RISK; DISEASE; PREDICTION; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; INDEX AB Study objective: Intra-abdominal operations are relatively high risk for pulmonary complications. Previous research has more intensely investigated cardiac operative risk, but recent work suggests that significant pulmonary complications may be more common than cardiac complications and associated with longer length of stay. This study identified risk indicators for pulmonary complications after elective abdominal operations. Design: Nested case-control. Setting: University affiliated Veterans Affairs hospital. Patients: We used a computerized registry of all 2,291 patients undergoing elective abdominal operations from 1982 to 1991. Ascertainment and verification of pulmonary and cardiac complications were systematic and explicit. Charts of all 116 patients identified by the registry as having complications and 412 (19%) randomly selected from 2,175 remaining patients were reviewed to verify complications, using explicit criteria and independent abstraction of preoperative and postoperative components of charts. From 528 validated subjects (23% of the cohort), 82 cases and 82 control subjects were closely matched by operation type and age, +/-10 years. Measurements and results: The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications. Among 82 cases with pulmonary complications, 27 (33%) also had cardiac complications. Preoperative variables independently associated with pulmonary complications by multivariable analysis (p less than or equal to 0.05) included the following: Charlson comorbidity index (per point odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.004 to 2.6), Goldman cardiac risk index (per point OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.6), abnormal chest radiograph (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.07 to 9.4), and abnormal findings on lung examination (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.04 to 32). Equal proportions of cases and control subjects had preoperative diagnostic spirometry. No component of spirometry predicted complications, including severity of obstructive lung disease. Conclusions: For pulmonary operative risk, abnormal results of lung examination and chest radiography plus cardiac and overall comorbidity were important. Spirometry was not helpful. Because 33% of cases had both cardiac and pulmonary complications, future studies should prospectively examine comparative incidence, outcomes, and predictors of both types of complications. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DIV GEN MED, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DIV ONCOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT SURG, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Lawrence, VA (reprint author), S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST, AUDIE L MURPHY DIV, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. NR 42 TC 114 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD SEP PY 1996 VL 110 IS 3 BP 744 EP 750 DI 10.1378/chest.110.3.744 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA VG590 UT WOS:A1996VG59000032 PM 8797421 ER PT J AU Malet, PF Cetta, F Lombardo, F AF Malet, PF Cetta, F Lombardo, F TI Pathogenesis and treatment of gallstones SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BILE-DUCT STONES; PRIMARY INTRAHEPATIC STONES; LOW-CALORIE DIET; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; CHOLESTEROL GALLSTONES; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; MODEL BILE; DISEASE; ACID AB A substantial number of reports have been published during the past year concerning gallstone disease. Many have focused on pathogenesis, epidemiology, and natural history, A large number of studies have dealt with laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in particular, the optimal approach to determining whether common bile duct stones are present. There continues to be considerable debate in this regard, although more experience is being gained with intraoperative and postoperative management of these stones, Endoscopic ultrasonography has been studied for this indication. Fewer studies dealing with medical dissolution of gallstones appeared during the past year. Hepatolithiasis has been the topic of a number of studies as awareness of this entity has increased, Finally, refinement of endoscopic techniques for removal of common bile duct stones continues, mainly dealing with large, difficult-to-remove stones. RP Malet, PF (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL,38TH ST & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 12 IS 5 BP 471 EP 476 DI 10.1097/00001574-199609000-00011 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VP595 UT WOS:A1996VP59500011 ER PT J AU Best, JD Kahn, SE Ader, M Watanabe, RM Ni, TC Bergman, RN AF Best, JD Kahn, SE Ader, M Watanabe, RM Ni, TC Bergman, RN TI Role of glucose effectiveness in the determination of glucose tolerance SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Review ID MINIMAL MODEL ANALYSIS; HEPATIC INSULIN EXTRACTION; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; RAT SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; B-CELL; NONDIABETIC SUBJECTS; CONSCIOUS DOG; SENSITIVITY; DISPOSAL C1 UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV MELBOURNE,MELBOURNE,VIC,AUSTRALIA. OI Kahn, Steven/0000-0001-7307-9002 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00544]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK27619, DK29867] NR 101 TC 163 Z9 164 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD SEP PY 1996 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1018 EP 1030 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VE982 UT WOS:A1996VE98200023 PM 8875104 ER PT J AU Kato, K Yang, H Tache, Y AF Kato, K Yang, H Tache, Y TI Role of prostaglandins and calcitonin gene-related peptide in central vagal cholinergic-dependent protection against gastric injury in urethane-anesthetized rats SO DIGESTION LA English DT Article DE brain; thyrotropin-releasing hormone; prostaglandins; CGRP; vagus; mucosal injury; ethanol; urethane ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM ACTION; MUCOSAL PROTECTION; NITRIC-OXIDE; PERIPHERAL MECHANISMS; ACID SECRETION; BLOOD-FLOW; CAPSAICIN; DAMAGE; TRH AB The influence of central vagal activation induced by the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, RX 77368, injected intracisternally on gastric mucosal injury produced by 60% ethanol (4 ml . kg(-1)) was investigated in urethane-anesthetized rats. RX 77368 (3, 10 and 30 ng) inhibits dose dependently macroscopic gastric damage induced by intragastric administration of 60% ethanol by 18, 43 and 77%, respectively. The cytoprotective effect of intracisternal RX 77368 (30 ng) was completely blocked by cervical vagotomy, atropine (2 mg . kg(-1) s.c.), and CGRP(8-37) (100 mu g . kg(-1) i.v.) and partially inhibited by indomethacin (5 mg . kg(-1) i.p.). Vagotomy, atropine, indomethacin and CGRP(8-37) alone did not modify gastric mucosal lesions induced by ethanol in rats injected intracisternally with saline. The present data show that intracisternal injection of TRH analog in urethane-anesthetized rats protects against ethanol-induced gastric injury through vagal cholinergic dependent pathways which recruit prostaglandins and CGRP mechanisms. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-30110]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0012-2823 EI 1421-9867 J9 DIGESTION JI Digestion PD SEP PY 1996 VL 57 IS 5 BP 322 EP 327 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VH958 UT WOS:A1996VH95800007 PM 8886575 ER PT J AU Rosenbek, JC Roecker, EB Wood, JL Robbins, J AF Rosenbek, JC Roecker, EB Wood, JL Robbins, J TI Thermal application reduces the duration of stage transition in dysphagia after stroke SO DYSPHAGIA LA English DT Article DE dysphagia; stroke; thermal stimulation; rehabilitation; deglutition; deglutition disorders ID ASPIRATION AB The present study had two purposes. The first was to provide variability data on objectively measured durational parameters of swallowing as accomplished by dysphagic patients secondary to stroke. The second was to examine the short-term effects of thermal application on these same durational measures. The study employed a cross-over design with each dysphagic stroke subject swallowing 10 times in both untreated and treated conditions. Two findings emerged: (1) swallowing durations in the 22 dysphagic stroke subjects were highly variable within and across subjects and have distributions that were nonnormal with nonhomogeneous variances; (2) thermal application reduced duration of stage transition (DST) and total swallow duration (TSD). Implications of these findings are discussed. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT BIOSTAT,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Rosenbek, JC (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT NEUROL,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 41 TC 65 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0179-051X J9 DYSPHAGIA JI Dysphagia PD FAL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 4 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1007/BF00265206 PG 9 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA VG635 UT WOS:A1996VG63500001 PM 8870348 ER PT J AU Asch, DA AF Asch, DA TI Use of a coded postcard to maintain anonymity in a highly sensitive mail survey: Cost, response rates, and bias SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cost; bias; data collection; mail surveys; questionnaires AB In a survey about euthanasia, 1,600 critical care nurses were randomly assigned to receive either three complete, anonymous mailings of the questionnaire or, with each mailing, a coded postcard to be returned separately from the questionnaire to reduce subsequent mailings to previous responders. The response rate in these two groups was 76.5% [95% confidence interval (CI)=73.6-79.4%] and 69% (95% CI=65.7-72.4%), respectively. The two strategies yielded similar responses, and costs were much lower for the postcard group. Using coded postcards to be returned separately from completed instruments appears to lower the response rate to anonymous mail surveys, but it also lowers cost and may not introduce additional bias. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 1 TC 13 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 5 BP 550 EP 551 DI 10.1097/00001648-199609000-00019 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VC739 UT WOS:A1996VC73900020 PM 8862992 ER PT J AU Flescher, E VelaRoch, N Ogawa, N Nakabayashi, T Escalante, A Anaya, JM Dang, H Talal, N AF Flescher, E VelaRoch, N Ogawa, N Nakabayashi, T Escalante, A Anaya, JM Dang, H Talal, N TI Abnormality of Oct-1 DNA binding in T cells from Sjogren's syndrome patients SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sjogrens syndrome; transcription factor; T lymphocyte; signal transduction; rheumatic disease ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; LYMPHOCYTES-T; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; REVISED CRITERIA; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; INTERLEUKIN-2; ACTIVATION AB Primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by T cell hypoactivity. To understand the diminished T cell response to activation signals, we measured nucleoprotein DNA-binding activities regulating gene expression during T cell activation using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 9/19 SS patients were found to be defective in their ability to bind an octomer sequence (Oct-1). This Oct-1-binding phenotype remained stable in culture for up to 3 days prior to activation. This abnormality was not seen in resting T cells nor T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis (Rd), or SS accompanied by RA. The SS Oct-1 DNA-binding abnormality correlated significantly with an inability of cells to exit the G(0)/G(1) cell cycle phase when stimulated in vitro. Importantly, nucleoprotein extracts showing decreased DNA-binding activity had normal amounts of Oct-1 proteins as determined by immunoprecipitation, implying a functional defect in the Oct-1 protein. Moreover, defective DNA binding was corrected by treatment with acid phosphatase. C1 UNIV TEXAS,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Flescher, E (reprint author), NYU,MED CTR,DEPT ENVIRONM MED,LONG MEADOWS RD,TUXEDO PK,NY 10987, USA. OI Universidad del Rosario, Biblioteca/0000-0003-3491-9392; Anaya, Juan-Manuel/0000-0002-6444-1249 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE 09311, DE 10863] NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 26 IS 9 BP 2006 EP 2011 DI 10.1002/eji.1830260906 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA VG269 UT WOS:A1996VG26900005 PM 8814238 ER PT J AU Clyman, BB AF Clyman, BB TI Osteoarthritis: New roles for drug therapy and surgery SO GERIATRICS LA English DT Article AB In patients with a confirmed diagnosis of osteoarthritis, acetaminophen is now recommended as first-line medical therapy. Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (INSAIDs) is usually discouraged, although these agents may be effective for an acute process or in patients with gout, ankylosing spondylitis, or other type inflammatory arthritis. In patients who do not respond to or cannot tolerate acetaminophen or an NSAID, an opioid analgesic is a safe, effective alternative. In patients who continue to experience disabling pain despite lifestyle changes and drug therapy, consider an orthopedic consultation for possible surgery. Patients who are bedridden, wheelchair-bound, or have advanced cardiovascular or renal disease are poor candidates for surgery, as are those who are unable to undergo proper rehabilitation. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Clyman, BB (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0016-867X J9 GERIATRICS JI Geriatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 51 IS 9 BP 32 EP & PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VH046 UT WOS:A1996VH04600011 PM 8814112 ER PT J AU Williams, DM Grubbs, BG Kelly, KW Pack, E Rank, RG AF Williams, DM Grubbs, BG Kelly, KW Pack, E Rank, RG TI Role of gamma-delta T cells in murine Chlamydia trachomatis infection SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MOUSE PNEUMONITIS; ROLE INVIVO; MICE; INTERFERON; AUTOIMMUNITY; ACTIVATION; PROTEIN; ALPHA AB The role of gamma-delta T cells in host resistance to Chlamydia trachomatis was characterized by using a murine model of pneumonia caused by the mouse pneumonitis agent (MoPn), murine C. trachomatis. At days 3 and 7 after infection, gamma-delta T-cell-deficient knockout mice had significantly higher levels of MoPn in the lungs than did immunologically intact controls. At day 20, paradoxically, gamma-delta T cell-deficient mice were more resistant to MoPn than were controls. This increased resistance was not due to an increased production of toxic cytokines or interleukin-10 in controls on that day. Gamma-delta T cells play a role in protection early in MoPn infection, but they may be deleterious later in infection, as has been observed in models of salmonella and trypanosome infection. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP Williams, DM (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI026328] NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 64 IS 9 BP 3916 EP 3919 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA VE443 UT WOS:A1996VE44300069 PM 8751950 ER PT J AU Balshi, TJ Wolfinger, GJ AF Balshi, TJ Wolfinger, GJ TI Restoring lost vertical dimension of occlusion using dental implants: A clinical report SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS LA English DT Article AB The successful rehabilitation of a patient with severe vertical overlap resulting from the loss of posterior occlusal support and excessive wear of the mandibular incisors is described. The treatment plan necessitated extraction of the remaining periodontally compromised mandibular teeth and placement of eight implants. Lost occlusal vertical dimension and morphologic facial height were restored using a fixed detachable implant-supported mandibular prosthesis, and the maxillomandibular relationship was transformed from Class II to Class I. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Balshi, TJ (reprint author), PROSTHODONT INTERMEDICA,INST FACIAL ESTHET,467 PENN AVE 201,FT WASHINGTON,PA 19034, USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 SN 0893-2174 J9 INT J PROSTHODONT JI Int. J. Prosthodont. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 473 EP 478 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VJ867 UT WOS:A1996VJ86700009 PM 9108749 ER PT J AU LucasQuesada, FA Sinha, U Sinha, S AF LucasQuesada, FA Sinha, U Sinha, S TI Segmentation strategies for breast tumors from dynamic MR images SO JMRI-JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING LA English DT Article DE breast dynamic magnetic resonance imaging; breast tumors; segmentation temporal correlation; multifeature analysis ID GD-DTPA ENHANCEMENT; CONTRAST; LESIONS AB This paper describes two semiautomated methods of segmentation of breast tumors from dynamic MR images obtained subsequent to administration of gadopentate dimeglumine. The first method, based on temporal correlation, generates a similarity map from the dynamic scans in which the value of each pixel is determined by its temporal similarity to a reference region of interest. The second method uses multispectral analysis and generates a feature map from a scatterplot of pixel intensities in the pre- and postcontrast images, The segmentation methods were tested on malignant and benign breast lesions in 11 patients with a range of tumor volumes and percentage contrast enhancement. The accuracy of both segmentation techniques and reproducibility of the multispectral method were investigated. A comparison of the two methods established that the temporal correlation method was superior based on accuracy, extent of user interaction, and speed of segmentation. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 24 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING PI EASTON PA 1991 NORTHAMPTON ST, EASTON, PA 18042-3189 SN 1053-1807 J9 JMRI-J MAGN RESON IM JI JMRI-J. Magn. Reson. Imaging PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 6 IS 5 BP 753 EP 763 DI 10.1002/jmri.1880060508 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VJ687 UT WOS:A1996VJ68700007 PM 8890013 ER PT J AU Krahn, D Kurth, C Nairn, K Redmond, L Drewnowski, A Gomberg, E AF Krahn, D Kurth, C Nairn, K Redmond, L Drewnowski, A Gomberg, E TI Dieting severity and gastrointestinal symptoms in college women SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH LA English DT Article DE abdominal pain; constipation; dieting; eating disorders; irritable bowel syndrome; women ID ANOREXIA-NERVOSA; BULIMIA-NERVOSA; IRRITABLE-BOWEL; POPULATION; DISORDERS; RATES AB Young women report symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (TBS), such as pain, bloating, acid changes in bowel movements, more often than young men. Young women with eating disorders also report these gastrointestinal symptoms frequently. We hypothesized that if dieting behaviors were associated with these symptoms, the prevalence and frequency of the symptoms would be positively related to dieting severity in young women. We interviewed 301 1st-year college women representing the continuum of dieting severity. We found that severity of dieting was positively related to frequency of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation, and that the women who reported 3 or more symptoms regularly scored higher on a scale for dieting severity. Although this study did not examine the relationship between dieting severity and clinical IBS, the findings suggested that dieting is associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in young women. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM HOSP,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,BEHAV MED PROGRAM,ANN ARBOR,MI. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH PUBL HLTH,HUMAN NUTR PROGRAM,ANN ARBOR,MI. UNIV MICHIGAN,MED CTR,ANN ARBOR,MI. RP Krahn, D (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0744-8481 J9 J AM COLL HEALTH JI J. Am. Coll. Health PD SEP PY 1996 VL 45 IS 2 BP 67 EP 71 PG 5 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VM843 UT WOS:A1996VM84300003 PM 8908880 ER PT J AU AguileraTejero, E Sanchez, J Almaden, Y MayerValor, R Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ AF AguileraTejero, E Sanchez, J Almaden, Y MayerValor, R Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ TI Hysteresis of the PTH-calcium curve during hypocalcemia in the dog: Effect of the rate and linearity of calcium decrease and sequential episodes of hypocalcemia SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE SECRETION; SERUM IONIZED CALCIUM; NORMAL HUMANS; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; SET-POINT; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; SIGMOIDAL RELATIONSHIP; MESSENGER-RNA; RELEASE AB Several studies have shown the presence of hysteresis of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-calcium relationship in both normal humans and hemodialysis patients; for hypocalcemia, hysteresis is defined as a lower PTH level for the same serum calcium during the recovery from than the induction of hypocalcemia. However, some have questioned whether hysteresis is only a function of the rate and/or direction of change in calcium, and others have proposed that hysteresis is due to depletion of PTH stores, To address these issues, two groups of dogs were studied. To induce hypocalcemia, sodium EDTA (50 mg/kg) was infused either over 60 (termed slow) or 30 (termed fast) minutes; immediately after the cessation of the ethylenediamine tetracetate (EDTA) infusion, calcium chloride (0.75 mEq/kg) was infused over 60 or 30 minutes, respectively, to correct the hypocalcemia. The EDTA infusion produced a linear decrease in serum calcium by progressively increasing the infusion rate at regular intervals. A second cycle of hypocalcemia and recovery using the same protocol was started immediately after the completion of the first cycle. To determine whether a nonlinear decrease in the serum calcium affected the PTH response to hypocalcemia, a third group of dogs, termed superfast, was studied; in this group, EDTA was infused for 30 minutes at a constant rate of 50 mg/kg. The hysteretic loops of PTH produced by the two sequential slow and fast cycles and the superfast cycle during the induction of and recovery from hypocalcemia were similar. Moreover, the maximal PTR level for the two sequential slow and fast cycles and the superfast cycle was not different even though the rates of calcium decrease varied and the calcium decrease was nonlinear in the superfast cycle. In conclusion, (1) since hysteresis was reproducible and the maximal PTH was not different during two sequential cycles of hypocalcemia, hysteresis is not due to PTH depletion; (2) the PTH-calcium curve is not affected by the rate at which hypocalcemia is induced; and (3) the maximal PTH level is not influenced by either the rate or linearity of the reduction in serum calcium. C1 UNIV CORDOBA,HOSP REINA SOFIA,DEPT CIRUGIA,CORDOBA 14004,SPAIN. UNIV CORDOBA,HOSP REINA SOFIA,DEPT NEFROL,CORDOBA 14004,SPAIN. UNIV CORDOBA,DEPT PATOL CLIN VET,CORDOBA,SPAIN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEPHROL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP AguileraTejero, E (reprint author), UNIV CORDOBA,HOSP REINA SOFIA,UNIT INVEST,AVDA MENENDEZ PIDAL S-N,CORDOBA 14004,SPAIN. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 11 IS 9 BP 1226 EP 1233 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VD114 UT WOS:A1996VD11400006 PM 8864896 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MW Seeley, RJ Campfield, LA Burn, P Baskin, DG AF Schwartz, MW Seeley, RJ Campfield, LA Burn, P Baskin, DG TI Identification of targets of leptin action in rat hypothalamus SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; NEUROPEPTIDE GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; OBESE GENE; BODY-WEIGHT; FOOD-DEPRIVATION; OB/OB MOUSE; ZUCKER RATS; OB PROTEIN; RNA AB The hypothesis that leptin (OB protein) acts in the hypothalamus to reduce food intake and body weight is based primarily on evidence from leptin-deficient, ob/ob mice. To investigate whether leptin exerts similar effects in normal animals, we administered leptin intracerebroventricularly (icy) to Long-Evans rats. Leptin administration (3.5 mu g icy) at the onset of nocturnal feeding reduced food intake by 50% at 1 h and by 42% at 4 h, as compared with vehicle-treated controls (both P < 0.05). To investigate the basis for this effect, we used in situ hybridization (ISH) to determine whether leptin alters expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in energy homeostasis. Two injections of leptin (3.5 mu g icy) during a 40 h fast significantly decreased levels of mRNA for neuropeptide Y (NPY, which stimulates food intake) in the arcuate nucleus (-24%) and increased levels of mRNA for corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH, an inhibitor of food intake) in the paraventricular nucleus (by 38%) (both P < 0.05 vs. vehicle-treated controls). To investigate the anatomic basis for these effects, we measured leptin receptor gene expression in rat brain by ISH using a probe complementary to mRNA for all leptin receptor splice variants. Leptin receptor mRNA was densely concentrated in the arcuate nucleus, with lower levels present in the ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei and other brain areas involved in energy balance. These findings suggest that leptin action in rat hypothalamus involves altered expression of key neuropeptide genes, and implicate leptin in the hypothalamic response to fasting. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PSYCHOL,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT BIOL STRUCT,SEATTLE,WA 98108. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,MET DIS UNIT,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,1660 S COLUMBIAN WAY,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-12829, DK-17844, DK-35816] NR 31 TC 1163 Z9 1178 U1 9 U2 43 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 98 IS 5 BP 1101 EP 1106 DI 10.1172/JCI118891 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA VF809 UT WOS:A1996VF80900007 PM 8787671 ER PT J AU ElZaatari, FAK Naser, SA Markesich, DC Kalter, DC Engstand, L Graham, DY AF ElZaatari, FAK Naser, SA Markesich, DC Kalter, DC Engstand, L Graham, DY TI Identification of Mycobacterium avium complex in sarcoidosis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; ISLE-OF-MAN; CROHNS-DISEASE; INSERTION ELEMENT; SUBSP SILVATICUM; CONTROL TISSUES; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DNA PROBES; PARATUBERCULOSIS; TUBERCULOSIS AB Cell wall-defective bacteria which later reverted to acid-fast bacilli have been isolated from sarcoid tissue. These have not been conclusively shown to be mycobacteria. Specific PCR assays were applied to identify mycobacterial nucleic acids in these cultured isolates and in fresh specimens obtained from patients with sarcoidosis. Positive amplification and hybridization were observed with Mycobacterium avium complex and/or Mycobacterium paratuberculosis-specific probes in five of the six cultured isolates and two fresh skin biopsy samples and one cerebrospinal fluid specimen. There was no amplification or hybridization with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or M. avium subsp. silvaticum probes, respectively. Patients' sera were also tested for antibody reactivities by immunoblotting with M. paratuberculosis recombinant clones expressing the 36,000-molecular-weight antigen (36K antigen) (p36) and the 65K heat shock protein (PTB65K). All seven sarcoidosis, four of six tuberculosis, and all six leprosy patient serum specimens showed strong reactivity with p36 antigen. In contrast, 13 of 38 controls showed only weak reactivity with p36 (P = 0.002 for controls versus sarcoidosis samples). Similarly, PTB65K reacted with high intensity with sera from 5 of 5 sarcoidosis, 5 of 6 tuberculosis, and 5 of 6 leprosy patients, compared with its low-intensity reaction with 5 of 22 controls (P = 0.001 for controls versus sarcoidosis samples). This study demonstrates the isolation and/or identification of M. paratuberculosis or a closely related M. avium complex strain from sarcoid skin lesions and cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, the reactivity of antibodies in sarcoid patient sera against p36 and PTB65K antigens was comparable to the reactivity of sera obtained from patients with known mycobacterial diseases. Collectively,these data provide further support for the theory of the mycobacterial etiology of sarcoidosis. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV MOL VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV CENT FLORIDA,DEPT MOL BIOL & MICROBIOL,ORLANDO,FL 32816. UNIV HOSP,DEPT CLIN MICROBIOL,UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RP ElZaatari, FAK (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DIS LAB,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 45 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 34 IS 9 BP 2240 EP 2245 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VD335 UT WOS:A1996VD33500036 PM 8862592 ER PT J AU Lipschik, GY Treml, JF Moore, SD AF Lipschik, GY Treml, JF Moore, SD TI Pneumocystis carinii glycoprotein A stimulates interleukin-8 production and inflammatory cell activation in alveolar macrophages and cultured monocytes SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Workshops on Opportunistic Protists CY JUN 11-15, 1996 CL TUCSON, AZ SP Bayer Corp, Bio Merieux, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Charles River Labs, Ciba Geigy Corp, Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Heska Corp, Hoechst Roussel Agri Vet Co, Meridian Diagnost Inc, NIAID, NHLBI, Pfizer Inc, TAP Holdings ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; LUNG-CELLS; PNEUMONIA; AIDS; FIBRONECTIN; ATTACHMENT; ENDOTOXIN; MECHANISM; DISEASE; BLOOD C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Lipschik, GY (reprint author), MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19102, USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PROTOZOOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 1066-5234 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 43 IS 5 BP S16 EP S17 DI 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1996.tb04956.x PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VC050 UT WOS:A1996VC05000019 PM 8822823 ER PT J AU Li, GQ Vowels, BR Benoit, BM Rook, AH Lessin, SR AF Li, GQ Vowels, BR Benoit, BM Rook, AH Lessin, SR TI Failure to detect human T-lymphotropic virus type-I proviral DNA in cell lines and tissues from patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mycosis fungoides; Sezary syndrome; PCR amplification ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; FUNGOIDES SEZARY-SYNDROME; MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; HTLV-I; GENE REARRANGEMENTS; LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; SEQUENCES; INFECTION; RECEPTOR AB Previous molecular studies investigating the presence of HTLV-I proviral DNA in cell lines and tissue samples of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) have reported a detection rate ranging from 0-92%, Despite the lack of epidemiologic data linking HTLV-I infection with CTCL, the molecular data still invite speculation regarding the precise role of HTLV-I in the pathogenesis of CTCL, To determine the detection rate of HTLV-I proviral DNA among CTCL patients referred to our medical center, we analyzed Epstein-Barr virus-transformed cell lines established from peripheral blood of seven CTCL patients and 43 tissue samples from 22 patients with different stages of disease. Genomic DNA was polymerase chain; reaction-amplified with primers within the HTLV-I fax gene region, Amplification products were probed with nested oligonucleotide probes by Southern blot analysis, No HTLV-I proviral sequences were detected in the samples (0/50), Using HTLV-I/II pol primers, no HTLV-I pol gene sequences were detected, In tissues from one patient, HTLV-II pol and fax gene sequences were detected; however, HTLV-II proviral integration was not detected by Southern blot analysis of the genomic DNA, Our data suggest: (i) HTLV-I does not appear to be a primary etiologic agent in CTCL; and (ii) HTLV-II pol and tax gene sequences can be detected in a minority of CTCL patients, but this does not necessarily imply an etiologic role. C1 UNIV PENN,MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,CUTANEOUS LYMPHOMA GRP,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA-58841, R29 CA-55017]; NIAMS NIH HHS [T32 AR-07565] NR 57 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 107 IS 3 BP 308 EP 313 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12363017 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VD790 UT WOS:A1996VD79000004 PM 8751961 ER PT J AU Dawson, GJ Schlauder, GG PilotMatias, TJ Thiele, D Leary, TP Murphy, P Rosenblatt, JE Simons, JN Martinson, FEA Gutierrez, RA Lentino, JR Pachucki, C Muerhoff, AS Widell, A Tegtmeier, G Desai, S Mushahwar, IK AF Dawson, GJ Schlauder, GG PilotMatias, TJ Thiele, D Leary, TP Murphy, P Rosenblatt, JE Simons, JN Martinson, FEA Gutierrez, RA Lentino, JR Pachucki, C Muerhoff, AS Widell, A Tegtmeier, G Desai, S Mushahwar, IK TI Prevalence studies of GB virus-C infection using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hepatitis; GBV-C; HCV ID NON-A-HEPATITIS; NON-B-HEPATITIS; GENOME AB Among the three recently described GB viruses (GBV-A, GBV-B, and GBV-C), only GBV-C has been linked to cryptogenic hepatitis in man. Because of the limited utility of currently available research tests to determine antibody response to GBV-C proteins, the prevalence of GBV-C RNA in human sera was studied using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence of GBV-C is higher among volunteer blood donors with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (3.9%) than among volunteer blood donors with normal ALT levels (0.8%). Higher rates were also noted among commercial blood donors (12.9%) and intravenous drug users (16.0%). GBV-C was frequently detected in residents of West Africa, where the prevalence was >10% in most age groups. Approximately 20% of patients diagnosed with either acute or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) were found to be positive for GBV-C RNA. In addition, GBV-C RNA sequences were detected in individuals diagnosed with non-A-E hepatitis, with clinical courses ranging from mild disease to fulminant hepatitis. Fourteen of sixteen subjects with or without clinically apparent hepatitis were positive for GBV-C RNA more than 1 year after the initial positive result. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,LIVER UNIT,DALLAS,TX. MAYO CLIN,ROCHESTER,MN. UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27514. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,MED SERV,INFECT DIS SECT,HINES,IL 60141. MALMO UNIV HOSP,DEPT MED MICROBIOL,MALMO,SWEDEN. COMMUNITY BLOOD CTR GREATER KANSAS CITY,KANSAS CITY,KS. RP Dawson, GJ (reprint author), ABBOTT LABS,EXPT BIOL RES,VIRAL DISCOVERY GRP,D90D L3,N CHICAGO,IL 60064, USA. NR 32 TC 163 Z9 169 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 50 IS 1 BP 97 EP 103 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199609)50:1<97::AID-JMV16>3.0.CO;2-V PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA VM302 UT WOS:A1996VM30200016 PM 8890047 ER PT J AU George, MS Wassermann, EM Post, RM AF George, MS Wassermann, EM Post, RM TI Transcranial magnetic stimulation: A neuropsychiatric tool for the 21st century SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Review ID HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; BRAIN-STIMULATION; CORTICAL HYPEREXCITABILITY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; EPILEPTIC FOCI; INDUCTION; ACTIVATION; RESPONSES; SAFETY AB Neuroscientists have constantly sought new methods of evaluating brain function, with progressive improvement in the last century in imaging brain structure and function. However, except for direct surgical stimulation, neuropsychiatrists can only infer causality between the signal obtained on an image and a behavior or disease. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMAS) is a new, noninvasive technique for directly stimulating cortical neurons. It has been used to map attention, memory, movement, speech, and vision. Preliminary investigations have also used rapid-rate TMS to improve motor speed in Parkinson's disease and mood in depression. TMS is likely to be an important future neuropsychiatric tool. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT PSYCHIAT, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT NEUROL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS HOSP, DEPT PSYCHIAT, CHARLESTON, SC USA. NINCDS, HUMAN MOTOR CONTROL SECT, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, BIOL PSYCHIAT BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT RADIOL, 171 ASHLEY AVE, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. NR 109 TC 109 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 4 BP 373 EP 382 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA VQ816 UT WOS:A1996VQ81600001 PM 9116472 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD Moore, SA Richardson, A AF Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD Moore, SA Richardson, A TI Expression of heat shock protein 70 in rat spleen lymphocytes is affected by age but not by food restriction SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE food restriction; heat shock proteins; lymphocyte; aging; rats ID DIETARY RESTRICTION; CELLS; GENE; TRANSCRIPTION; FIBROBLASTS; STRESS; HSP70; THERMOSENSITIVITY AB The purpose of this study was to determine if food restriction alters the age-related decline in heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) expression in lymphocytes from male Fischer 344 Fats. Spleen lymphocytes were isolated from young (6 mo) and old (24 mo) rats that had free access to food (control group) and from food-restricted old (24 mo) rats that, beginning at 6 wk of age, were fed 60% (40% food restriction) of the diet consumed by the control rats. Lymphocytes were either heat shocked (42.5 degrees C for 1 h) or maintained at 37 degrees C (control). The levels of hsp70 protein and mRNA and the induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) mRNA by concanavalin A (conA) were measured in these rats. In addition, the percentage of viability (as an index of thermosensitivity) of the lymphocytes from these rats was also measured after exposure of cells to different temperatures (first at 42.5 degrees C and then 45 degrees C). We found that the induction of hsp70 protein and mRNA in lymphocytes isolated from control old rats and food-restricted old rats was lower (P < 0.001) than that in control young rats. However, the levels of hsp70 and mRNA in lymphocytes isolated from food-restricted old rats were similar to the levels in age-matched control rats. Lymphocytes from both control old rats and food-restricted old rats were more thermosensitive than lymphocytes from control young rats; however, thermosensitivity of lymphocytes from food-restricted old rats was similar to that of age-matched control rats. The induction of IL-2 mRNA levels by conA was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in old than in young control rats. In contrast to hsp70, which was not affected by food restriction, the induction of IL-2 mRNA was higher (P < 0.05) in food-restricted old rats than in age-matched control rats. Therefore, food restriction has a differential effect on gene expression. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG01548, AG00677, AG00165] NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 126 IS 9 BP 2069 EP 2075 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA VG568 UT WOS:A1996VG56800002 PM 8814193 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RS Salome, NN Ingmundon, PT Rugh, JD AF Schwartz, RS Salome, NN Ingmundon, PT Rugh, JD TI Effects of electrical stimulation to the soft palate on snoring and obstructive sleep apnea SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID UPPER AIRWAY; HEAVY SNORERS; ZOLPIDEM; UVULOPALATOPHARYNGOPLASTY; APPLIANCES; PLACEBO; TONGUE AB Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder and has been associated with social and physical problems. Many treatments of OSA have been proposed with various levels of success. Seven patients with histories of snoring and OSA participated in this pilot study to evaluate the effects of electrical stimulation to the soft palate. Each patient slept with a palatal appliance that delivered a weak electrical stimulus to the soft palate on activation. A 3 milliampere stimulus in the range of 9 to 10 volts was found to be effective in terminating snoring without causing patient arousal. The effects of the stimulus on OSA were variable. The results of this study indicated that electrical stimulation of the soft palate may be effective as a treatment for snoring and OSA and warrants further investigation. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SCH DENT,DEPT ORTHODONT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Schwartz, RS (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH DENT,DEPT GEN DENT,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 273 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(96)90171-7 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VJ517 UT WOS:A1996VJ51700010 PM 8887800 ER PT J AU Burke, WM Dhopesh, V Lainfester, C AF Burke, WM Dhopesh, V Lainfester, C TI A brief survey of the current sexual practices of a population admitted for inpatient treatment of drug dependence SO JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; BEHAVIOR; USERS; PREVENTION; VALIDITY; CONDOMS; HELP AB We studied a population of high-risk drug users concerning their current sexual practices. They had a pattern of inconsistent or infrequent condom use. Only 11.5% reported always using condoms; 38.2% reported never using them; and 50.3 % reported using them sometimes. Experimental educational programs have demonstrated the feasibility of changing sexual behaviors in illicit drug users by using innovative techniques targeted specifically at them. The application of sex and marital therapy techniques to changing high-risk behaviors is not widely discussed in the substance abuse literature. The hypothesis that the application of the techniques of sex and marital therapy in educational programs for drug users will improve outcomes of HIV prevention should be tested. C1 UNIV PENN,VET ADM CTR STUDIES ADDICT,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. HEALTHPRO UNITED HEALTHCARE,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRUNNER/MAZEL INC PI NEW YORK PA 19 UNION SQUARE WEST, NEW YORK, NY 10003 SN 0092-623X J9 J SEX MARITAL THER JI J. Sex Marital Ther. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 22 IS 3 BP 203 EP 208 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Family Studies SC Psychology; Family Studies GA VJ283 UT WOS:A1996VJ28300006 PM 8880653 ER PT J AU Cherrier, MM Mendez, MF Perryman, KM Miller, BL Cummings, JL AF Cherrier, MM Mendez, MF Perryman, KM Miller, BL Cummings, JL TI Frontotemporal dementia vs vascular dementia: Differential cognitive features SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAV UNIT 691116AF,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 9 BP A13 EP A13 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VF440 UT WOS:A1996VF44000044 ER PT J AU Brink, J Kuo, TA Diener, D Chiu, V VanDyke, H Wilkins, S Yamaguchi, D Harada, N Castle, S AF Brink, J Kuo, TA Diener, D Chiu, V VanDyke, H Wilkins, S Yamaguchi, D Harada, N Castle, S TI Nutrition, physical condition & functional status in community dwelling elderly SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GRECC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 9 BP P3 EP P3 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VF440 UT WOS:A1996VF44000074 ER PT J AU Kis, AM Carnes, M AF Kis, AM Carnes, M TI The sensitivity and specificity of serum iron indicators for iron deficiency in anemic veterans with chronic disease SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 9 BP P216 EP P216 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VF440 UT WOS:A1996VF44000287 ER PT J AU Lichtenstein, MJ Espino, DV Hazuda, HP AF Lichtenstein, MJ Espino, DV Hazuda, HP TI Differences between Mexican Americans (MA) and non-Hispanic whites (NHW) in lower extremity physical performance. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 9 BP P138 EP P138 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VF440 UT WOS:A1996VF44000209 ER PT J AU Arar, M Elshihabi, I Choudhury, GG Gentilini, A Abboud, H AF Arar, M Elshihabi, I Choudhury, GG Gentilini, A Abboud, H TI Effects of platelet-derived growth factor B-chain on glomerulogenesis. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PEDIAT & INTERNAL MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A1713 EP A1713 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07401709 ER PT J AU Choudhury, GG Gentilini, A Karamitsos, C Abboud, HE AF Choudhury, GG Gentilini, A Karamitsos, C Abboud, HE TI Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI 3 K) and protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) regulate human mesangial cell (MC) migration in response to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UTHSC,DEPT MED & GERIATR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY VET AFFAIRS HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A2042 EP A2042 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07402038 ER PT J AU Choudhury, GG Abboud, HE AF Choudhury, GG Abboud, HE TI Direct activation of STAT1 by platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) in mesangial cells (MC). SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UTHSC,DEPT MED & GERIATR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY VET AFFAIRS HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A2041 EP A2041 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07402037 ER PT J AU Ellison, DH Bostanjoglo, M Velazquez, H Reilly, RF Kunchaparty, S Reeves, WB Bachmann, S AF Ellison, DH Bostanjoglo, M Velazquez, H Reilly, RF Kunchaparty, S Reeves, WB Bachmann, S TI Electroneutral Na-Cl cotransport and Na/Ca exchange in mineralocorticoid target cells. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 YALE UNIV,W HAVEN,CT. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,W HAVEN,CT. UNIV ARKANSAS,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204. CHARITE,BERLIN,GERMANY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A0159 EP A0159 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07400158 ER PT J AU Ha, TS Terhune, WC Barnes, JL Kasinath, BS AF Ha, TS Terhune, WC Barnes, JL Kasinath, BS TI Differential regulation of laminin in animal models of diabetic nephropathy. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A3118 EP A3118 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07403112 ER PT J AU Kosari, F KieberEmmons, T Huang, ZQ Warnock, DG Kleyman, TR AF Kosari, F KieberEmmons, T Huang, ZQ Warnock, DG Kleyman, TR TI Use of an anti-amiloride antibody to identify potential amiloride binding domains within NHE1. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT PATHOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT MED,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A0040 EP A0040 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07400039 ER PT J AU Kroning, R Katz, D Lichtenstein, A Nagami, GT AF Kroning, R Katz, D Lichtenstein, A Nagami, GT TI Cisplatin nephrotoxicity in cultured mouse renal tubular epithelial cells. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV NEPHROL,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A2975 EP A2975 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07402969 ER PT J AU Kunchaparty, S Ali, N Bernstein, PL Desir, GV Ellison, DH AF Kunchaparty, S Ali, N Bernstein, PL Desir, GV Ellison, DH TI A carboxyterminal mutation of mouse thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter abolishes function. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 YALE UNIV,W HAVEN,CT. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,W HAVEN,CT. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A0184 EP A0184 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07400183 ER PT J AU MartinArevalo, DL Yee, J Pugh, J Burgess, DN AF MartinArevalo, DL Yee, J Pugh, J Burgess, DN TI Fixed and reproducible orthostatic proteinuria: A 35-yr follow-up study. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY VET ADM HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A0384 EP A0384 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07400383 ER PT J AU Nagami, GT Warech, EM AF Nagami, GT Warech, EM TI Role of angiotensin II in the stimulation of ammonia production by isolated perfused mouse proximal tubules in response to chronic metabolic acidosis. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,NEPHROL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,NEPHROL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A0048 EP A0048 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07400047 ER PT J AU Nagami, GT Warech, EM AF Nagami, GT Warech, EM TI Enhanced ammoniagenic response to angiotensin II following exposure of cultures S1 proximal tubule cells to low pH. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,NEPHROL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,NEPHROL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A0047 EP A0047 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07400046 ER PT J AU Park, IS Yee, J Choudhury, GG Kiyomoto, H Lianos, E Abboud, HE AF Park, IS Yee, J Choudhury, GG Kiyomoto, H Lianos, E Abboud, HE TI Differential expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MesGN) in rats. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY VET AFFAIRS HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A2481 EP A2481 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07402476 ER PT J AU Simon, M Utomo, AR Choudhury, GG Abboud, HE AF Simon, M Utomo, AR Choudhury, GG Abboud, HE TI Effects of shiga-like toxin (SLT-1) on human mesangial cells. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET AFFAIRS HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A2498 EP A2498 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07402493 ER PT J AU Thompson, MM Oyama, TT Kelly, FJ Anderson, S AF Thompson, MM Oyama, TT Kelly, FJ Anderson, S TI Modified sensitivity in dose-response to converting enzyme inhibitor (CEI) in the aging rat. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VA MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A3097 EP A3097 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07403091 ER PT J AU Ullian, ME Paul, RV AF Ullian, ME Paul, RV TI Epidermal growth factor (EGF) inhibits vascular angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor function in the rat. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 9 BP A1967 EP A1967 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VK074 UT WOS:A1996VK07401963 ER PT J AU Kreisberg, JI Radnik, RA Kreisberg, SH AF Kreisberg, JI Radnik, RA Kreisberg, SH TI Phosphorylation of cAMP responsive element binding protein after treatment of mesangial cells with high glucose plus TGF beta or PMA SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; FIBRONECTIN GENE-EXPRESSION; LEUCINE ZIPPER PROTEINS; KINASE-C; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; INDUCIBLE GENES; FAMILY; CREB; IDENTIFICATION; MEDIATION AB We recently showed that mesangial cells treated with high glucose plus TGF beta or PMA demonstrated activation of a cAMP-response element (CRE) located in the 5' flanking region of the fibronectin gene. Gel shift mobility assays with a CRE oligonucleotide revealed multiple complexes that did not change in mobility or abundance under conditions of high glucose plus TGF beta or PMA. Here we show that treatment with cycloheximide to inhibit protein synthesis also did not change the DNA/protein complexes. These observations led us to conclude that post-translational modification of transcription factors may be responsible for the activation of the fibronectin gene observed under our experimental conditions. We identified the proteins complexed to CRE as CRE binding protein (CREB) and activating factor 1 (ATF1). This was accomplished by supershift assays and immunoblots. Two hours of high glucose plus TGF beta or 30 minutes of PMA caused a twofold elevation in phosphorylated CREB. Neither high glucose nor TGF beta alone caused phosphorylation of CREB. ATF-1 was not phosphorylated. We also show that high glucose plus TGF beta and PMA activated protein kinase Ca; however, none of the agents tested stimulated intracellular cAMP levels, indicating that phosphorylation of CREE was independent of protein kinase A activation. These results demonstrate cross-talk between the protein kinase C and protein kinase A pathways in that agents which activate the protein kinase C pathway can stimulate phosphorylation of proteins that commonly serve as substrates for protein kinase A. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Kreisberg, JI (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 29787] NR 34 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 50 IS 3 BP 805 EP 810 DI 10.1038/ki.1996.379 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VD766 UT WOS:A1996VD76600010 PM 8872954 ER PT J AU Haskell, CM Wong, M Williams, A Lee, LY AF Haskell, CM Wong, M Williams, A Lee, LY TI Phase I trial of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate in patients with advanced cancer SO MEDICAL AND PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nonsmall cell lung cancer; pharmacokinetics; biomodulation; drug resistance ID CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY; TUMOR-CELLS; LUNG-CANCER; ATP; GROWTH; TRIPHOSPHATE AB Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) has antineoplastic activity in vitro and in murine tumor systems, but there are no data in humans defining its potential use as an antineoplastic agent. We conducted a Phase I study to determine the spectrum of toxicity, maximum safely tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetics of intravenous ATP. Fourteen men with advanced cancer received 96-hour infusions of ATP once monthly in doses ranging from 50 to 100 mu g/kg/minute. Toxicity was assessed by standard National Cancer Institute (NCI) criteria, cardiac function was monitored serially by two-dimensional echocardiography, and whole blood ATP was measured serially in a subset of patients. ATP was generally well tolerated and no significant hematologic toxicity was noted. The dose-limiting toxicity was a cardiopulmonary reaction characterized by chest tightness and dyspnea that resolved within seconds of discontinuing ATP. Dose-limiting cardiopulmonary toxicity occurred in 3 of 3 patients at 100 mu g/kg/minute, in 3 of 6 patients at 75 mu g/kg/minute, and 4 of 11 patients at 50 mu g/kg/minute. Whole blood ATP levels significantly increased with treatment, reaching a steady state by 24 hours and returning to or near baseline by 1 week after treatment. Plateau levels were 63%, 67%, and 116% above baseline at 50, 75, and 100 mu g/kg/min, respectively We conclude that prolonged infusions of ATP are feasible with acceptable toxicity and that 50 mu g/kg/minute is both the MTD and the most appropriate dose rate for subsequent Phase II testing of 96-hour infusions of ATP in patients with advanced cancer. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss. Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HEMATOL ONCOL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PULM SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Haskell, CM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH CANC CTR W111N,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 21 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0098-1532 J9 MED PEDIATR ONCOL JI Med. Pediatr. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 27 IS 3 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-911X(199609)27:3<165::AID-MPO6>3.0.CO;2-C PG 9 WC Oncology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Pediatrics GA VA647 UT WOS:A1996VA64700007 PM 8699994 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Rogers, WH Newhouse, JP AF Shekelle, PG Rogers, WH Newhouse, JP TI The effect of cost sharing on the use of chiropractic services SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE chiropractic; cost sharing; insurance ID BACK PAIN CARE; UNITED-STATES; EPISODES AB OBJECTIVES. Chiropractic care is increasing in the United States, and there are few data about the effect of cost sharing on the use of chiropractic services. This study calculates the effect of cost sharing on chiropractice use. METHODS. The authors analyzed data from the RAND Health Insurance Experiment, a randomized controlled trial of the effect of cost sharing on the use of health services. Families in six US sites were randomized to receive fee-for-service care that was free or required one of several levels of cost sharing, or to receive care from a health maintenance organization (HMO). Enrollees were followed for 3 or 5 years. All fee-for-service plans covered chiropractic services. Persons assigned to the HMO experimental group received free fee-for-service chiropractic care; persons in the HMO control group had 95% cost sharing for chiropractic services. The authors calculated the mean annual chiropractic expense per person in each of the fee-for-service plans, and also predicted their chiropractic expenditures using a two-equation model. Chiropractic use among persons receiving HMO and fee-for-service care were compared. RESULTS. Chiropractic care is very sensitive to price, with any level of coinsurance of 25% or greater decreasing chiropractic expenditures by approximately half. Access to free chiropractic care among HMO enrollees increased chiropractic use ninefold, whereas access to free medical care decreased fee; for-service chiropractic care by 80%. CONCLUSIONS. Chiropractic care is more sensitive to price than general medical care, outpatient medical care, or dental care, and nearly as sensitive as outpatient mental health care. A substantial cross-price effect with medical care may exist. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA. HARVARD UNIV,INST HLTH,NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. FU AHRQ HHS [TR03HS06920-01] NR 19 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD SEP PY 1996 VL 34 IS 9 BP 863 EP 872 DI 10.1097/00005650-199609000-00001 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VF472 UT WOS:A1996VF47200001 PM 8792777 ER PT J AU Jutabha, R Jensen, DM AF Jutabha, R Jensen, DM TI Management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the patient with chronic liver disease SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID PORTAL-HYPERTENSIVE GASTROPATHY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; ANTRAL VASCULAR ECTASIA; INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT; DISTAL SPLENORENAL SHUNT; ENDOSCOPIC INJECTION SCLEROTHERAPY; MALLORY-WEISS SYNDROME; SPLENIC VEIN-THROMBOSIS; CANINE GASTRIC VARICES; TERM FOLLOW-UP AB This article reviews the management of severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the patient with chronic liver diseases. The initial assessment, diagnostic work-up, and treatment options for variceal and nonvariceal bleeding are discussed. The role of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy for esophagogastric varices is reviewed with special emphasis on new endoscopic techniques including variceal band ligation and cyanoacrylate injection. Various pharmacologic, surgical, and radiologic treatment options for variceal bleeding also are discussed. In addition, nonvariceal causes of severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding are reviewed including peptic ulcer diseases, Mallory-Weiss tear, portal hypertensive gastropathy, and gastric antral vascular ectasia. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR ULCER RES & EDUC,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Jutabha, R (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV DIGEST DIS,10833 LE CONTE AVE,CHS 44-138,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR008658]; NIDDK NIH HHS [NIDDK R01-33273, NIDDK 41301] NR 260 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1035 EP & PG 35 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF987 UT WOS:A1996VF98700009 PM 8804374 ER PT J AU Kurohara, ML Klaustermeyer, WB Placik, IM AF Kurohara, ML Klaustermeyer, WB Placik, IM TI Asthma: Analysis of intubated patients over a one-year period SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MORTALITY; IDENTIFICATION; RISK AB Mortality rates for asthma have increased significantly since 1980. During a 12-month period (1990) at the West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, six asthma patients required intubation, Contributing factors to intubation were steroid dependence, atopy, beta-agonist overuse, infection, non-compliance, adverse drug reaction, and undertreatment with steroids. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ALLERGY & IMMUNOL SECT 111R,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 161 IS 9 BP 567 EP 570 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF858 UT WOS:A1996VF85800015 PM 8840801 ER PT J AU Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M AF Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M TI The set point of calcium - Another view SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE SECRETION; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,DEPT NEPHROL,CORDOBA 14004,SPAIN. UNIV CORDOBA,FAC MED,E-14071 CORDOBA,SPAIN. RP Felsenfeld, AJ (reprint author), HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,UNIT INVEST,AVDA MENENDEZ PIDAL S-N,CORDOBA 14004,SPAIN. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 11 IS 9 BP 1722 EP 1725 PG 4 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA VJ132 UT WOS:A1996VJ13200007 PM 8918610 ER PT J AU Coyne, E Walenga, JM Outschoorn, AS Feyns, LV Messmore, HL Farid, S Hoppensteadt, D Koza, MJ Wehrmacher, WH Fareed, J Bermes, EW AF Coyne, E Walenga, JM Outschoorn, AS Feyns, LV Messmore, HL Farid, S Hoppensteadt, D Koza, MJ Wehrmacher, WH Fareed, J Bermes, EW TI The USP thromboplastin reference standard - Recombinant human type SO PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO; ORAL ANTICOAGULANT CONTROL; SENSITIVITY INDEX ISI; PROTHROMBIN TIME; CALIBRATION; RELIABILITY; MULTICENTER C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,HINES,IL 60141. RP Coyne, E (reprint author), LOYOLA UNIV,MED CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60611, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION PI ROCKVILLE PA 12601 TWINBROOK PKWY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 SN 0363-4655 J9 PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM JI Pharmacop. Forum PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 22 IS 5 BP 2956 EP 2960 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VK907 UT WOS:A1996VK90700010 ER PT J AU Lish, JD Zimmerman, M Farber, NJ Lush, DT Kuzma, MA Plescia, G AF Lish, JD Zimmerman, M Farber, NJ Lush, DT Kuzma, MA Plescia, G TI Suicide screening in a primary care setting at a veterans affairs medical center SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW SCHEDULE; MENTAL-HEALTH NETWORK; PANIC DISORDER; RISK-FACTORS; GENERAL-PRACTITIONERS; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; EXCESS MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; SELF-REPORT; DEPRESSION AB Seven-hundred and three patients from a general medical outpatient clinic at a Veterans Affairs hospital completed the SCREENER, a brief self-report questionnaire that screens for psychiatric disorders. The authors found that 7.3% of the patients had suicidal ideation. The younger and white patients were at increased risk. The risk was increased twelvefold in those patients with subjectively fair or poor mental health, sevenfold in the patients with a history of mental health treatment, and fourfold in the patients with fair or poor perceived physical health. When major depression was controlled for, anxiety and substance abuse disorders continued to show an association with suicidal ideation, The suicidal patients made more visits to their primary care physician. Screening patients for anxiety disorders and drug abuse, as well as depression, is a better approach for identifying suicidal ideation in primary care settings than screening for depression alone and may help prevent suicide and suicide attempts. C1 BROWN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DIV GEN MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA. PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Lish, JD (reprint author), MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,EASTERN PENN PSYCHIAT INST,CLIN NEUROSCI RES UNIT,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129, USA. NR 73 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 8 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 37 IS 5 BP 413 EP 424 PG 12 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA VE740 UT WOS:A1996VE74000002 PM 8824120 ER PT J AU Kraut, JA Madias, NE AF Kraut, JA Madias, NE TI Treatment of metabolic acidosis in end-stage renal failure: Is dialysis with bicarbonate sufficient? SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEMODIALYSIS; BASE C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV NEPHROL,MED & RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 9 IS 5 BP 378 EP 380 DI 10.1111/j.1525-139X.1996.tb00869.x PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VL364 UT WOS:A1996VL36400003 ER PT J AU Singaram, C AF Singaram, C TI Neuropathology of the gut SO SEMINARS IN NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEURONAL INTESTINAL DYSPLASIA; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; PIG SMALL-INTESTINE; ENTERIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; CELL LUNG-CARCINOMA; B RECEPTOR GENE; HIRSCHSPRUNGS-DISEASE; VISCERAL NEUROPATHY; INTERSTITIAL-CELLS C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL,MADISON,WI. RP Singaram, C (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DIV GASTROENTEROL,H6-516 CSC,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53793, USA. FU PHS HHS [KOF-02470] NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 SN 0271-8235 J9 SEMIN NEUROL JI Semin. Neurol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 227 EP 234 DI 10.1055/s-2008-1040979 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA WT276 UT WOS:A1996WT27600005 PM 9085472 ER PT J AU Peabody, JW AF Peabody, JW TI Economic reform and health sector policy: Lessons from structural adjustment programs SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XIVth International Conference on the Social Sciences and Medicine CY SEP 02-06, 1996 CL PEEBLES, SCOTLAND DE health policy; developing countries; health economics; structural adjustment; health outcomes; quality of care ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; SERVICES; AFRICA; CARE; RECESSION; CRISIS; CHILD AB From a purely economic perspective, structural adjustment programs (SAPs) and economic reform policies are viewed as short-term austerities that lead to long-term growth and development. These intertemporal trade-offs, however, are not always acceptable in health. Unique biologic events such as intrauterine development and neural development cannot be postponed even for a short period. Health policymakers need to understand the expected and unexpected impacts of economic reform on health outcomes in individuals and on the population. The interactions are complex, involve multiple sectors, and can be better understood by looking at the experience of developing countries over almost fifteen years of SAP experience. Health care budgets may be vulnerable to reduced government spending, quality of care deteriorates, nutrition will suffer more likely in urban areas, and cost-effective preventive programs may stop if labor and capital are not properly matched. Health outcomes overall do not appear to suffer but a more detailed look, with better data, shows that the incidence of preventable diseases rises and irreversible deterioration in health status does occur within countries. To prevent this from happening in the future, health policymakers need to take a multidisciplinary focus to first understand the effects of economic reform and then to plan a coordinated response. Better data, alternative financing, and strong political leadership are also important lessons. C1 RAND CORP, SANTA MONICA, CA 90407 USA. RP Peabody, JW (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DIV GEN INTERNAL MED, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 58 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 43 IS 5 BP 823 EP 835 DI 10.1016/0277-9536(96)00127-X PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA VD078 UT WOS:A1996VD07800025 PM 8870147 ER PT J AU Goldman, IL Kopelberg, M Debaene, JEP Schwartz, BS AF Goldman, IL Kopelberg, M Debaene, JEP Schwartz, BS TI Antiplatelet activity in onion (Allium cepa) is sulfur dependent SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID AGGREGATION; PUNGENCY AB Plants of the genus Allium such as onion and garlic are often consumed as a source of compounds which inhibit human platelet activity, with the goal of decreasing vascular disease. Antiplatelet activity in these plants is determined in part by native concentrations of organosulfur compounds. Evaluation of four onion genotypes grown in a field study at four US locations in 1994 demonstrated onions with mild flavor and low sulfur content exhibited significantly lower antiplatelet activity than those containing high levels of sulfur. Antiplatelet activity was significantly positively correlated with genotypically determined bulb sulfur content and dissolved solids. indicating these latter factors are good predictors of antiplatelet strength, These data demonstrate antiplatelet activity is genotype dependent and correlated with bulb sulfur content. Genotype and bulb sulfur content should be taken into account in studies assessing onion antiplatelet effects. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT BIOMOL CHEM,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED HEMATOL,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Goldman, IL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HORT,1575 LINDEN DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL43506] NR 12 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 76 IS 3 BP 450 EP 452 PG 3 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VG806 UT WOS:A1996VG80600026 PM 8883285 ER PT J AU Yokozawa, T Fukata, S Kuma, K Matsuzuka, F Kobayashi, A Hirai, K Miyauchi, A Sugawara, M AF Yokozawa, T Fukata, S Kuma, K Matsuzuka, F Kobayashi, A Hirai, K Miyauchi, A Sugawara, M TI Thyroid cancer detected by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Surgical Week CY AUG 27-SEP 02, 1995 CL LISBON, PORTUGAL SP Int Assoc Endocrine Surgeons ID PAPILLARY CARCINOMA; NODULES; GLAND; MANAGEMENT; CYTOLOGY AB A greater percentage of thyroid cancers can be detected by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (UG-FNAB) than by ordinary FNAB. A group of 678 patients were selected sequentially as having been diagnosed with benign nodules by the conventional FNAB method. We reexamined these patients by UG-FNAB and investigated the types of thyroid cancer that were missed by the conventional FNAB. Of the 678 patients diagnosed with benign nodules (using conventional FNAB), 571 (84.2%) demonstrated the same diagnosis when UG-FNAB was used. The remaining 107 patients (15.8%) studied were suspected of having a malignancy after UG-FNAB had been performed. Surgical specimen histology proved thyroid cancer in 99 of the 107 patients: 93 had papillary carcinoma, 4 had follicular carcinoma, 1 had medullary carcinoma and 1 had anaplastic carcinoma. Two drawbacks were noted when conventional FNAB was used: (1) cancer lesions difficult to palpate (n = 55) (e.g., small cancers with or without benign lesions or cancers associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease); and (2) palpable cancers with insufficient cell material for analysis (n = 44) (e.g., cystic carcinoma and cancers,vith calcified lesions. UG-FNAB is a powerful technique for detecting microcancers, cystic carcinomas, cancers associated with benign nodules, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or coarse calcifications. C1 KAGAWA MED SCH,DEPT SURG 2,KAGAWA,JAPAN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Yokozawa, T (reprint author), KUMA HOSP,CHUO KU,8-2-35 SHIMOYAMATE DORI,KOBE 650,JAPAN. NR 21 TC 74 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 20 IS 7 BP 848 EP 853 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VD690 UT WOS:A1996VD69000019 PM 8678961 ER PT J AU Jiang, QB Walton, NY Gunawan, S Treiman, DM AF Jiang, QB Walton, NY Gunawan, S Treiman, DM TI High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of midazolam in rat brain SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE midazolam ID HUMAN PLASMA; INTRAVENOUS MIDAZOLAM; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; METABOLITES AB A high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of midazolam in rat brain is described. Midazolam and the internal standard halazepam were extracted with toluene and analyzed isocratically on a reversed-phase column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol, acetonitrile and potassium phosphate buffer. Detection was monitored by ultraviolet absorption at 240 nm. The standard curves were linear over the range of 25-350 ng midazolam per 50 mg brain tissue. The day-to-day coefficient of variation ranged from 1.7 to 6.9%. The limit of quantification was 80 ng/g brain tissue. The method is rapid, simple and reproducible for brain analysis. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,W LOS ANGELES DVA MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Jiang, QB (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B-Biomed. Appl. PD AUG 30 PY 1996 VL 683 IS 2 BP 276 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00569-2 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA VH540 UT WOS:A1996VH54000019 PM 8891927 ER PT J AU Singh, BN Lazzara, R AF Singh, BN Lazzara, R TI A new age in the pharmacologic therapy of cardiac arrhythmias - Introduction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH MED,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SECT CARDIOL 111E,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD AUG 29 PY 1996 VL 78 SU 4A BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00446-8 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WK911 UT WOS:A1996WK91100001 PM 8780322 ER PT J AU Singh, BN AF Singh, BN TI The coming of age of the class III antiarrhythmic principle: Retrospective and future trends SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATORS; VENTRICULAR INTRACELLULAR POTENTIALS; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; CARDIAC-ARRHYTHMIAS; SINUS RHYTHM; SUDDEN-DEATH; DRUGS; AMIODARONE; THERAPY; MUSCLE AB Antiarrhythmic drug therapy is in a state of continuous flux In the last decade or so, numerous experimental and clinical studies have revealed that drugs that act by delaying conduction, while markedly suppressing ventricular arrhythmias, have the proclivity to increase mortality in subsets of patients with significant cardiac disease. The adverse impact on mortality was confirmed by placebo-controlled randomized trials as well as metaanalysis of smaller randomized clinical trials. The latter indicated that beta blockers exert a beneficial effect on mortality. Benefit from drugs that lengthen repolarization, especially drugs that have the additional property of blocking sympathetic excitation, was also seen in relatively small numbers of patients. Sotalol and amiodarone fell into this category of antiarrhythmic drugs. There were 2 major consequences that stemmed from the results of these trials. First, the endpoint of clinical trials shifted to total mortality from surrogates such as defined degree of suppression of ventricular arrhythmias. Second, concern regarding increases in mortality produced by class I drugs engendered a shift in favor of drugs that prolong repolarization. Such a shift was bolstered by the growing body of data that established the efficacy of sotalol and amiodarone as potent agents for the control of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. They were both found to be superior to class I agents. The perception that the critical factor that mediates their efficacy is the homogeneous prolongation of repolarization has led to the synthesis and characterization of so-called pure class III agents, which include d-sotalol and other IK, blockers such as dofetilide, sematilide, E-4031, and almokalant, among numerous others. The increase in mortality produced by d-sotalol in patients with myocardial infarction and lowered ejection fraction and in patients with and without heart failure has led researchers to question how to design future antiarrhythmic molecules. In the search for an ideal antifibrillatory agent, should emphasis be placed on simple molecules such as pure class III agents or on those with more complex profiles, such as sotalol and amiodarone, which exhibit antiadrenergic actions and the ability to prolong cardiac repolarization? The available data are in favor of the latter approach. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, SECT CARDIOL 691 111E, DIV CARDIOL, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 48 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9149 EI 1879-1913 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD AUG 29 PY 1996 VL 78 IS 4A SI SI BP 17 EP 27 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00449-3 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WK911 UT WOS:A1996WK91100004 PM 8780325 ER PT J AU Singh, BN AF Singh, BN TI Antiarrhythmic actions of amiodarone: A profile of a paradoxical agent SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-DOSE AMIODARONE; REFRACTORY ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATORS; IDIOPATHIC DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; COMPLEX VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS; CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SINUS RHYTHM; INTRAVENOUS AMIODARONE AB Amiodarone, a complex compound with variegated electrophormacologic end pharmacokinetic properties and on equally complex side-effect profile, continues to have a critical role in the control of ventricular end supraventricular tachyarrhythmias as the use of class I agents has declined. Such is also the case with sotalol. Unlike other so-celled class III agents, amiodarone noncompetitively blocks sympathetic stimulation, and its effects on repolarization are not associated with reverse use dependency. Rarely does it produce torsades de pointes despite its propensity to induce significant bradycardia and marked prolongation of the QT interval. During long-term therapy with the drug, there is no impairment of ventricular function; in fact, there ore significant increases in the left ventricular ejection fraction during protracted amiodarone therapy in patients with heart failure. Long-term amiodarone administration consistently demonstrates marked efficacy in a wide spectrum of arrhythmias. The major limitation of amiodarone during long-term therapy is its unusual side-effect profile, although the increasing trend for low-dose drug therapy has demonstrated a major decline in the overall incidence of serious adverse reactions. Amiodarone is effective in controlling symptomatic ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation (VT/VF) in >60-70% of patients when conventional agents (especially doss I) are ineffective or not well tolerated. The efficacy of amiodarone compared with that of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with VT/VF and in survivors of cardiac arrest remains uncertain when total mortality is used as the primary endpoint of comparison. Amiodarone suppresses ventricular ectopy and markedly suppresses nonsustained VT. It prevents inducible VT/VF in a smell number of patients, but slows VT rate in a larger number. The role of the drug in prolonging survival in the postmyocardial infarction patient is unclear, although preliminary data from blinded studies suggest that the drug decreases arrhythmia-related mortality. Similarly, in heart failure, amiodarone has the potential to reduce total mortality but appears to be selectively effective in nonischemic rather then in ischemic cardiomyopathy. Intravenous amiodarone was recently introduced in the United States for the control of recurrent destabilizing VT or VF resistant to conventional therapy. There is also evolving data indicating that the drug might be the most potent agent in maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter converted chemically or electrically to sinus rhythm. However, blinded controlled comparative studies involving sotalol, quinidine, or pure class III drugs have not been carried out. The available data nevertheless suggest that, barring its side-effect profile, amiodarone is a desirable prototype of a broad-spectrum antifibrillatory and antiarrhythmic compound. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SECT CARDIOL 691 111E,DIV CARDIOL,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 64 TC 86 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD AUG 29 PY 1996 VL 78 SU 4A BP 41 EP 53 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(96)00452-3 PG 13 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WK911 UT WOS:A1996WK91100007 PM 8780328 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Richardson, A AF Pahlavani, MA Richardson, A TI The effect of age on the expression of Interleukin-2 SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Review DE aging; immune system; Interleukin-2; transcription; transcription factors ID T-CELL ACTIVATION; IL-2 RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; INVIVO IMMUNOPOTENTIATING ACTIVITY; CALCINEURIN PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; LYMPHOCYTE-SPECIFIC FACTORS; PHORBOL-MYRISTATE ACETATE; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; IMMUNE FUNCTION; OLD MICE; INDUCED PROLIFERATION AB Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a growth promoting cytokine that has received a great deal of attention over the past decade with respect to aging and cancer. It is produced primarily by helper T cells and regulates the growth and function of various cells that are involved in cellular and humoral immunity. The expression of IL-2 has been found to decrease with age in humans and rodents. The decline in IL-2 production has been shown to parallel the age-related decrease in immunologic function. Several studies indicate that treatment of lymphocytes from old subjects with exogenous IL-2 or infusion of IL-2 into old animals partially or completely restores some of the immune functions that decline with age. The age-related decline in IL-2 production has been shown to arise from a decline in IL-2 transcription, and a recent study suggests that the transcription factor NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) may play a role in the decline in IL-2 transcription. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, 7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG01548, AG00677] NR 188 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD AUG 29 PY 1996 VL 89 IS 3 BP 125 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0047-6374(96)01725-3 PG 30 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VA544 UT WOS:A1996VA54400001 PM 8844635 ER PT J AU Sternini, C Spann, M Anton, B Keith, DE Bunnett, NW vonZastrow, M Evans, C Brecha, NC AF Sternini, C Spann, M Anton, B Keith, DE Bunnett, NW vonZastrow, M Evans, C Brecha, NC TI Agonist-selective endocytosis of mu opioid receptor by neurons in vivo SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE opioid receptors; opiate alkaloids; motility; enteric neurons; motor neurons ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; SUBSTANCE-P; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; INTERNALIZATION; RESENSITIZATION; SEQUESTRATION; TRAFFICKING; MECHANISMS; ENKEPHALIN; PEPTIDES AB Opiate alkaloids are potent analgesics that exert multiple pharmacological effects in the nervous system by activating G protein-coupled receptors. Receptor internalization upon stimulation may be important for desensitization and resensitization, which affect cellular responsiveness to ligands. Here, we investigated the agonist-induced internalization of the mu opioid receptor (MOR) in vivo by using the guinea pig ileum as a model system and immunohistochemistry with an affinity-purified antibody to the C terminus of rat MOR, Antibody specificity was confirmed by the positive staining of human embryonic kidney 293 cells transfected with epitope-tagged MOR cDNA, by the lack of staining of cells transfected with the delta or kappa receptor cDNA, and by the abolition of staining when the MOR antibody was preadsorbed with the MOR peptide fragment, Abundant MOR immunoreactivity (MOR-IR) was localized to the cell body, dendrites, and axonal processes of myenteric neurons, Immunostaining was primarily confined to the plasma membrane of cell bodies and processes. Within 15 min of an intraperitoneal injection of the opiate agonist etorphine, intense MOR IR was present in vesiclelike structures, which were identified as endosomes by confocal microscopy, At 30 min, MOR-IR was throughout the cytoplasm and in perinuclear vesicles, MOR-IR was still internalized at 120 min, Agonist-induced endocytosis was completely inhibited by the opiate antagonist naloxone. Interestingly, morphine, a high-affinity MOR agonist, did not cause detectable internalization, but it partially inhibited the etorphine-induced MOR endocytosis. These results demonstrate the occurrence of agonist-selective MOR endocytosis in neurons naturally expressing this receptor in vivo and suggest the existence of different mechanisms regulating cellular responsiveness to ligands. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,OPIOID RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT SURG,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MOL & CELLULAR PHARMACOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP Sternini, C (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 115,ROOM 203,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 05010, P50 DA005010]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 39957, DK 41301] NR 42 TC 253 Z9 255 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 20 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 17 BP 9241 EP 9246 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.17.9241 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VD434 UT WOS:A1996VD43400082 PM 8799185 ER PT J AU Morens, DM Grandinetti, A Davis, JW Ross, GW White, LR Reed, D AF Morens, DM Grandinetti, A Davis, JW Ross, GW White, LR Reed, D TI Evidence against the operation of selective mortality in explaining the association between cigarette smoking and reduced occurrence of idiopathic Parkinson disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parkinson disease; smoking ID PROTECTION; RISK AB To investigate the association between idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD) and reduced frequency of prior cigarette smoking, the authors compared the 29-year follow-up mortality rates and IPD incidence rates of men who were either cigarette smokers or nonsmokers at the time of enrollment in the Honolulu Heart Study (1965-1968). Based on IPD cases detected up to June 30, 1994, the age-adjusted incidence rate in smokers was less than half ?hat in nonsmokers: 34.4 versus 94.2 cases per 100,000 person-years of pre-illness follow-up, respectively. When data were stratified by 5-year age group, lower IPD incidence in smokers was observed at all ages between 50 and 90 years. Age-specific mortality trends for smokers and nonsmokers with and without IPD suggested that increased mortality in IPD patients was mostly associated with IPD itself and not with smoking. The slight excess mortality in smokers without IPD, versus nonsmokers without IPD, appeared insufficient to account for the ''missing'' incident IPD cases in smokers. These IPD incidence and mortality data are not highly consistent with the ''selective mortality'' hypothesis, which attributes reduced prior smoking frequency, typically reported by persons with IPD, to accelerated mortality in undiagnosed IPD-affected persons who smoker The ''protective'' association of cigarette smoking with IPD occurrence may thus be real, suggesting the need for further study of biologic mechanisms of protection. C1 UNIV HAWAII,SCH MED,HONOLULU,HI 96822. EAST WEST CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96848. HAWAII OSTEOPOROSIS CTR,HONOLULU,HI. NIA,NIH,HONOLULU ASIA AGING STUDY,HONOLULU,HI. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HONOLULU,HI. BUCK CTR RES AGING,NOVATO,CA. RP Morens, DM (reprint author), UNIV HAWAII,SCH PUBL HLTH,PROGRAM EPIDEMIOL,BIOMED D103,1960 EAST WEST RD,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 30371] NR 9 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER J EPIDEMIOLOGY PI BALTIMORE PA 624 N BROADWAY RM 225, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 144 IS 4 BP 400 EP 404 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VB181 UT WOS:A1996VB18100009 PM 8712197 ER PT J AU Zemishlany, Z Davidson, M AF Zemishlany, Z Davidson, M TI Lack of effect of laboratory-provoked anxiety on plasma homovanillic acid concentration in normal subjects SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE anxiety; plasma HVA; schizophrenia; stress; cathecholamines ID SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; PANIC DISORDER; 3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYLACETIC ACID; NORADRENERGIC FUNCTION; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; LOCUS COERULEUS; GROWTH-HORMONE; DOPAMINE; INCREASE; CORTISOL AB The present study was undertaken to investigate if acute anxiety can affect plasma concentrations of homovanillic acid (pHVA). Since elevated pHVA levels have been associated with severity of schizophrenic symptoms, the results of this study will help determine if the pHVA elevations are directly related to psychosis or if anxiety is also a contributory factor. Anxiety was provoked in IO young normal subjects by a combined paradigm of mental arithmetic task and threat of electrical shock. A significant increase in self-ratings of anxiety, blood pressure, and plasma levels of norepinephrine, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol and growth hormone indicated that the paradigm used was effective in provoking anxiety; however, anxiety did not affect pHVA concentrations, The results may support the notion that increased pHVA levels in severely ill schizophrenic patients are related to the schizophrenic pathophysiology rather than to anxiety. C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,NEW YORK,NY. MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 40 IS 4 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00390-8 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA VC340 UT WOS:A1996VC34000002 PM 8871770 ER PT J AU Linde, K Ramirez, G Mulrow, CD Pauls, A Weidenhammer, W Melchart, D AF Linde, K Ramirez, G Mulrow, CD Pauls, A Weidenhammer, W Melchart, D TI St John's wort for depression - An overview and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HYPERICUM EXTRACT; UNITED-STATES; DISORDERS AB Objective-To investigate if extracts of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) are more effective than placebo in the treatment of depression, are as effective as standard antidepressive treatment, and have fewer side effects than standard antidepressant drugs. Design-Systematic review and meta-analysis of trials revealed by searches. Trials-23 randomised trials including a total of 1757 outpatients with mainly mild or moderately severe depressive disorders: 15 (14 testing single preparations and one a combination with other plant extracts) were placebo controlled, and eight (six testing single preparations and two combinations) compared hypericum with another drug treatment. Main outcome measures-A pooled estimate of the responder rate ratio (responder rate in treatment group/responder rate in control group), and numbers of patients reporting and dropping out for side effects. Results-Hypericum extracts were significantly superior to placebo (ratio = 2.67; 95% confidence interval 1.78 to 4.01) and similarly effective as standard antidepressants (single preparations 1.10; 0.93 to 1.31, combinations 1.52; 0.78 to 2.94). There were two (0.8%) drop outs for side effects with hypericum and seven (3.0%) with standard antidepressant drugs. Side effects occurred in 50 (19.8%) patients on hypericum and 84 (52.8%) patients on standard antidepressants. Conclusion-There is evidence that extracts of hypericum are more effective than placebo for the treatment of mild to moderately severe depressive disorders. Further studies comparing extracts with standard antidepressants in well defined groups of patients and comparing different extracts and doses are needed. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO COCHRANE CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. PRIVATE PRACTICE NEUROL & PSYCHIAT,D-80796 MUNICH,GERMANY. RP Linde, K (reprint author), UNIV MUNICH,PROJEKT MUNCHENER MODELL,KAISERSTR 9,D-80801 MUNICH,GERMANY. OI Linde, Klaus/0000-0002-2902-970X NR 52 TC 702 Z9 728 U1 5 U2 70 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0959-8138 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD AUG 3 PY 1996 VL 313 IS 7052 BP 253 EP 258 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VA903 UT WOS:A1996VA90300020 PM 8704532 ER PT J AU Bohn, MJ Barton, BA Barron, KE AF Bohn, MJ Barton, BA Barron, KE TI Psychometric properties and validity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alcoholism; questionnaire; obsessions; compulsions; automatism ID ALCOHOL-ABUSE; DEPENDENCE; QUANTIFICATION; COMPONENTS; BEHAVIOR AB Abstinent alcoholics' self-reports of distressing alcohol-associated thoughts and compulsions to drink were evaluated by the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on separate subject samples revealed that subjects' OCDS responses were best described by four correlated dimensions: alcohol obsessions, alcohol consumption, automaticity, and interference due to drinking. The validity of this four-factor solution was supported by the pattern of associations with drinking and coping style measures. In particular, alcohol obsessions were positively associated with alcohol dependence and use of passive/avoidant coping. Automaticity was positively associated with the intensity and salience of drinking, and inversely associated with use of active/approach coping, as well as abstinence duration. The obsession and automaticity subscales of the OCDS may be useful in evaluating cognitive-motivational processes associated with recovery from alcoholism. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,OUTPATIENT SUBST ABUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PSYCHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R29-AA09948] NR 26 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD AUG PY 1996 VL 20 IS 5 BP 817 EP 823 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb05257.x PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA VD037 UT WOS:A1996VD03700005 PM 8865954 ER PT J AU Medina, RA Pugh, JA Monterrosa, A Cornell, J AF Medina, RA Pugh, JA Monterrosa, A Cornell, J TI Minority advantage in diabetic end-stage renal disease survival on hemodialysis: Due to different proportions of diabetic type? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE diabetes mellitus; diabetic nephropathies; survival; renal replacement therapy; ethnic groups; Mexican-Americans; blacks; whites ID MEXICAN-AMERICANS; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; MORTALITY; FAILURE; DEATH; MELLITUS; IMPACT; RATES AB The objectives of this study were to identify predictors of survival on hemodialysis in patients with diabetic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and to explain ethnic differences in survival among non-Hispanic whites, African-Americans, and Mexican-Americans. The study design was a survival analysis of an inception cohort and was conducted in dialysis centers in two urban counties in Texas. A population-based, tri-ethnic cohort of 638 adult patients with diabetic ESRD were studied. Follow-up was completed in 96% of the cohort, with a median length of follow-up of 3.8 years. Survival length on center hemodialysis was the main outcome measure. In a combined model of types I and II diabetes, Mexican-Americans (relative hazard [RH], 0.666; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.457 to 0.944) and African-Americans (RH, 0.598; 95% CI, 0.414 to 0.864) showed a better survival than non-Hispanic whites. Other predictors independently associated with survival were age (RH, 1.015 per 10 years of age; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.028), high self-reported physical disability (RH, 1.770; 95% CI, 1.213 to 2.583), coronary artery disease (RH, 1.445; 95% CI, 1.044 to 2.012), lower extremity amputations (RH, 2.049; 95% CI, 1.438 to 2.920), and average blood glucose levels prior to ESRD (RH, 1.002 per 1 mg/dL increment; 95% OI, 1.003 to 1.004). Non-Hispanic whites had a significantly higher rate of type I diabetes, but did not have a greater burden of any of the other predictors, In separate type I and II models, ethnicity was still a significant predictor of survival among type I but not among type II. In conclusion, we have reconfirmed the survival advantage on dialysis of African-Americans and Mexican-Americans over non-Hispanic whites with diabetic ESRD. However, among type II patients, this minority survival advantage disappears. Self-reported physical disability is an important predictor of survival among both diabetes types. Functional status at baseline is an important predictor of survival and should be assessed as an adjunct to measurement of co-morbidities. Macrovascular disease is important for type II, while educational status is important for type I. While amputation may be a marker for the severity of systemic illness, it could be a marker for quality of primary care provided to diabetic patients, since a majority of diabetic lower extremity amputations are thought to be preventable. (C) 1996 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [5 U01 HS07397-02]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 38392-05, R01 DK 38392-05S1] NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(96)90306-6 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VA600 UT WOS:A1996VA60000010 PM 8768918 ER PT J AU Norris, KC Levine, B Ganesan, K AF Norris, KC Levine, B Ganesan, K TI Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis associated with hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE thyrotoxic periodic paralysis; hypokalemia; hypophosphatemia; hyperthyroidism; African-American ID PUMP AB We report the rare case of a 43-year-old African-American man with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis associated with hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia. Both serum potassium and serum phosphate levels returned to normal after supplementation with only potassium. We consider the unusual condition of hyperthyroid-related hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia to have contributed to the acute paralysis in this patient. (C) 1996 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Norris, KC (reprint author), CHARLES R DREW UNIV MED & SCI,KING DREW MED CTR,DEPT MED,12021 S WILMINGTON BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90059, USA. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 270 EP 273 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(96)90312-1 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VA600 UT WOS:A1996VA60000016 PM 8768924 ER PT J AU Mukai, H Fitzgibbon, WR Bozeman, G Margolius, HS Ploth, DW AF Mukai, H Fitzgibbon, WR Bozeman, G Margolius, HS Ploth, DW TI Bradykinin B-2 receptor antagonist increases chloride and water absorption in rat medullary collecting duct SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE kidney; inner medullary collecting duct; Dahl salt-resistant rats; distal chloride delivery ID PAPILLARY BLOOD-FLOW; RENAL-FUNCTION; IMMUNOREACTIVE KALLIKREIN; ANGIOTENSIN-II; SODIUM; LOCALIZATION; TRANSPORT; NEPHRON; KININS; HOE-140 AB This study tested the hypothesis that intrarenal kinins play a regulatory role in electrolyte excretion by altering Cl- absorption in the collecting duct. We measured Cl- and inulin concentrations in tubular fluid samples obtained from medullary collecting ducts (MCD) of Dahl/Rapp salt-resistant (SR/ Jr) rats by microcatheterization of ducts of Bellini before and after treatment with the bradykinin receptor antagonist HOE-140. Tubular fluid was obtained from paired terminal inner medullary (t-IMCD) and outer medullary (OMCD) collecting duct sites of the left kidney. HOE-140 (n = 7) or vehicle (n = 5) was infused intravenously, and the collections were repeated. HOE-140 did not alter glomerular filtration rate but decreased urine flow rate (P < 0.05) and absolute and fractional Cl- excretion (P < 0.01). HOE-140 did not alter the fraction of filtered Cl- delivered (FDCl) to the OMCD but decreased FDCl to the t-IMCD from 2.3 +/- 0.3 to 1.3 +/- 0.3% (P < 0.05). The fraction of filtered Cl- absorbed per millimeter between the collection sites was increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 0.6 +/- 0.1% (P < 0.05). Fractional absorption of water along the MCD was also increased (P < 0.05). No changes in excretory function or tubular Cl- or water absorption were observed in vehicle-treated rats. These studies show that kinin B-2 receptor blockade enhances Cl- and water absorption in the MCD, a finding that supports a role of renal kinins in the regulation of NaCl and water excretion. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DIV NEPHROL, DEPT MED, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT CELL & MOL PHARMACOL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT EXPT THERAPEUT, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT UROL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29403 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-17705, HL-44671] NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 271 IS 2 BP R352 EP R360 PG 9 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA VE002 UT WOS:A1996VE00200008 PM 8770134 ER PT J AU Schweitzer, M Asch, DA AF Schweitzer, M Asch, DA TI The role of employee flexible spending accounts in health care financing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Employee flexible spending accounts for health care represent one component of the current health care financing system that merits serious reform. These accounts create a system of undesirable incentives, force employees and employers to take complicated gambles, reduce tax revenues, and fail to meet their purported policy objectives. This paper describes shortcomings in these accounts from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. Some proposed alternatives, including medical spending accounts and zero balance accounts, resolve many of these concerns but not all of them. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Schweitzer, M (reprint author), UNIV MIAMI,SCH BUSINESS,DEPT MANAGEMENT,414 JENKINS BLDG,CORAL GABLES,FL 33129, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSN INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 1996 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1079 EP 1081 DI 10.2105/AJPH.86.8_Pt_1.1079 PN 1 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VB448 UT WOS:A1996VB44800006 PM 8712264 ER PT J AU Glickerman, DJ Obregon, RG Schmiedl, UP Harrison, SD Macaulay, SE Simon, HE Kohler, TR AF Glickerman, DJ Obregon, RG Schmiedl, UP Harrison, SD Macaulay, SE Simon, HE Kohler, TR TI Cardiac-gated MR angiography of the entire lower extremity: A prospective comparison with conventional angiography SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate cardiac-gated two-dimensional (2D) time-of-flight MR angiography in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Twenty-three patients with PAOD were studied using cardiac-gated 2D time-of-flight MR angiography in the body coil from each patient's aortic bifurcation to the pedal arches. Blinded comparison with conventional angiograms was used to determine sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of this MR angiography technique. Kappa statistics were used to compare treatment plans of these patients studied with MR angiography and with conventional angiography. RESULTS. In the aortoiliac region, MR angiography had a correlation coefficient of .89 for all degrees of narrowing, For hemodynamically significant lesions, MR angiography had an 89% sensitivity, 98% specificity, 84% positive predictive value, and 99% negative predictive value. In the femoral region, MR angiography had a correlation coefficient of .91 for all degrees of narrowing. For hemodynamically significant lesions, MR angiography had an 89% sensitivity, 98% specificity, 93% positive predictive value, and 97% negative predictive value. In the popliteal region, MR angiography had a correlation coefficient of .93 for all degrees of narrowing, For hemodynamically significant lesions, MR angiography had an 89% sensitivity, 98% specificity, 94%, positive predictive value, and 95% negative predictive value. In the tibioperoneal and foot regions, MR angiography had a correlation coefficient of .88 for all degrees of narrowing. For hemodynamically significant lesions, MR angiography had an 86% sensitivity, 93% specificity, 89% positive predictive value, and 91% negative predictive value, When the treatment planning data were classified into one of four outcomes (no intervention, surgery, percutaneous angioplasty, or further diagnostic study), MR angiography and conventional angiography had excellent agreement, with a Cohen's kappa value of .78. CONCLUSION. Cardiac-gated 2D time-of-flight MR angiography that uses the body coil provides a useful examination for PAOD with reasonable resolution. This imaging technique is potentially more time-efficient than techniques using extremity coils. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT RADIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DIV VASC SURG,SEATTLE,WA 98195. PHILIPS MED SYST,SHELTON,CT 06484. RP Glickerman, DJ (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE DIV,DEPT RADIOL,1660 S COLUMBIAN WAY,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. NR 17 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 167 IS 2 BP 445 EP 451 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UY821 UT WOS:A1996UY82100035 PM 8686623 ER PT J AU Leaf, DA Reuben, DB AF Leaf, DA Reuben, DB TI ''Lifestyle'' interventions for promoting physical activity: A kilocalorie expenditure-based home feasibility study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE physical activity; elderly ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; OLDER ADULTS; EXERCISE; MEN; FITNESS; HEALTH; WOMEN; PREVENTION; MORTALITY AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine in cooperation with the President's Council of Physical Fitness and Sports recommended short periods of daily kilocalorie (calorie) expenditure with moderate-intensity physical activities to complement the currently existing recommendations. In this study the feasibility (adherence and safety) of employing calorie expenditure as the basis for prescribing a home-based walking program to healthy, community-dwelling men and women was examined. This was a 16-week pretest-posttest feasibility study of a home-based calorie-expenditure walking program conducted in an outpatient clinic in an academic medical center. Participants included 20 healthy, elderly, community-dwelling men and women. A 16-week home-based walking program was individually prescribed as a weekly amount of calorie expenditure increasing from an initial 300 calories per week to 1,200 calories per week (approximately 30 minutes of walking daily) during the final 6 weeks of the study. Adherence to the program was recorded individually in a diary (kept daily and reviewed at each visit), body weight, and walking pace. All but one participant were able to complete this 16-week program (95 percent adherence). That a calorie-based approach to promote physical activity among the elderly has a high adherence rate is suggested by these findings. Additional studies are necessary to define the potential role for this approach in promoting physical activity and improving health outcomes among the elderly. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MULTICAMPUS PROGRAM GERIATR MED & GERONTOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Leaf, DA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVDS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 10415-01] NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 312 IS 2 BP 68 EP 75 DI 10.1097/00000441-199608000-00003 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VB382 UT WOS:A1996VB38200003 PM 8701969 ER PT J AU Allison, JG Bromley, HR AF Allison, JG Bromley, HR TI Unnecessary preoperative investigations: Evaluation and cost analysis SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Midwest-Surgical-Association Meeting CY AUG 13-16, 1995 CL GRAND TRAVERSE, MI SP Midwest Surg Assoc ID ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS; UTILITY AB In keeping with national efforts to curb escalating health care costs, the necessity of multiple preoperative investigations was evaluated in 60 randomly selected ambulatory surgery patient records. Necessity for testing was assessed on clinical indications, and overall cost was calculated from the rates at both the local Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) and a community hospital. Two thirds of the investigations were deemed to be inappropriate, with derived unnecessary average cost per patient of $47 and $80 for the VAMC and community hospital, respectively. Potential savings at the VAMC of $11,757.50 for the calendar year could have been realized. Education of staff and housestaff is crucial to changing obsolete practice habits. The quality and safety of care would not be compromised by limiting preoperative investigations to only those with clinical indications. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ANESTHESIOL SERV,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. RP Allison, JG (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SURG SERV,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 1776 PEACHTREE RD, NW., SUITE 410N, ATLANTA, GA 30309-2352 SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 62 IS 8 BP 686 EP 689 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA UY826 UT WOS:A1996UY82600021 PM 8712570 ER PT J AU Carter, JS Pugh, JA Monterrosa, A AF Carter, JS Pugh, JA Monterrosa, A TI Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in minorities in the United States SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; NON-HISPANIC WHITES; LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATIONS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; NAVAJO INDIAN COMMUNITY; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; PIMA-INDIANS; SAN-ANTONIO; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES AB Purpose: To review the available information on prevalence, complications, and mortality of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and primary and secondary prevention activities in black persons, Hispanic persons, Native Americans, and Asians and Pacific Islanders in the United States. Data Source: MEDLINE search from 1976 to 1994 through the PlusNet search system. Study Selection: Use of the key words non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the names of each specific minority group, socioeconomic status, acculturation, genetics, diet, complications, mortality, treatment, and intervention (lifestyle or medication) produced 290 unduplicated articles. Additional articles cited in the original articles were also included. Data Extraction: Risk factors, incidence, prevalence, complications, and mortality of non-insulin;dependent diabetes mellitus. Data Synthesis: All minorities, except natives of Alaska, have a prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus that is two to six times greater than that of white persons. Most studies show an increased prevalence of nephropathy that can be as much as six times higher than that of white persons. Retinopathy has variably higher rates in black persons, Hispanic persons, and Native Americans. Amputations are done more frequently among black persons than among white persons (9.0 per 1000 compared with 6.3 per 1000), and Pima Indians have 3.7 times more amputations than do white persons. Diabetes-related mortality is higher for minorities than for white persons, and the rate is increasing. The relative importance of genetic heritage, diet, exercise, socioeconomic status, culture, language, and access to health care in the prevalence, incidence, and mortality of diabetes is not clear. Studies of interventions in minority populations are in progress. Conclusion: Diabetes should be treated as a public health problem for minority populations. C1 UNIV TEXAS,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. UNIV NEW MEXICO,SCH MED,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. TEXAS DIABET INST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [U01HS07397]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38392] NR 226 TC 319 Z9 321 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 125 IS 3 BP 221 EP 232 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UZ287 UT WOS:A1996UZ28700009 PM 8686981 ER PT J AU LopesVirella, MF Virella, G AF LopesVirella, MF Virella, G TI Modified lipoproteins, cytokines and macrovascular disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus SO ANNALS OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cytokines; endothelium damage; glycation; LDL-immune complexes; macrophages; oxidation ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; CHOLESTERYL ESTER ACCUMULATION; NON-ENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS AB The processes of glycation and oxidation play a significant role in the acceleration of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus. Glycation is thought not only to increase the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to oxidation but also to enhance the propensity of vessel wall structural proteins to bind extravasated plasma proteins, including LDL, and thus to contribute to a more marked oxidative modification of LDL. Glycated and oxidized lipoproteins induce cholesteryl ester accumulation in human macrophages and may promote platelet and endothelial cell dysfunction. Furthermore, these modified lipoproteins have the ability to trigger an autoimmune response that leads to the formation of autoantibodies and subsequently to the formation of immune complexes containing LDL. Both the modified lipoproteins and the immune complexes formed with autoantibodies reactive with modified lipoproteins may be responsible for several alternative and not mutually exclusive pathways leading to foam cell formation, macrophage activation and endothelial cell damage and may thus be of potential significance in initiating and/or contributing to the acceleration of the development of atherosclerosis. In this review we discuss how modified LDL affects lipoprotein metabolism, how immune complexes containing LDL induce the transformation of macrophages into foam cells and promote macrophage activation leading to the release of cytokines and thus initiating a sequence of events leading to endothelial cell damage and to the recruitment and activation of leucocytes. We also summarize our work showing that macrophage activation by LDL containing immune complexes leads to a paradoxical increase in LDL-receptor expression thus further impairing cholesterol homeostasis and enhancing the development of atheromatous lesions. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL DIABET & MED GENET,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP LopesVirella, MF (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29403, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 46815] NR 78 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0785-3890 J9 ANN MED JI Ann. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 28 IS 4 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.3109/07853899608999092 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VC296 UT WOS:A1996VC29600014 PM 8862690 ER PT J AU Hayashi, Y Zviman, MM Brand, JG Teeter, JH Restrepo, D AF Hayashi, Y Zviman, MM Brand, JG Teeter, JH Restrepo, D TI Measurement of membrane potential and [Ca2+](i) in cell ensembles: Application to the study of glutamate taste in mice SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE; CALCIUM; FURA-2; DEPOLARIZATIONS; GROWTH; BUDS; PH AB We have studied the spectral properties of the voltage-sensitive dye, 1-(3-sulfonatopropyl)-4-[beta[2-(di-n-octylamino)-6-naphtyl]vinyl] pyridinium betaine (di-8-ANEPPS), and the Ca2+-sensitive dye, fura-2, in azolectin liposomes and in isolated taste buds from mouse, We find that the fluorescence excitation spectra of di-8-ANEPPS and fura-2 are largely nonoverlapping, allowing alternate ratio measurements of membrane potential and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+](i)), There is a small spillover of di-8-ANEPPS fluorescence at the excitation wavelengths used for fura-2 (340 and 360 nm), However, voltage-induced changes in the fluorescence of di-8-ANEPPS, excited at the fura-2 wavelengths, are small, In addition, di-8-ANEPPS fluorescence is localized to the membrane, whereas fura-2 fluorescence is distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Because of this, the effect of spillover of di-8-ANEPPS fluorescence in the [Ca2+](i) estimate is <1%, under the appropriate conditions, We have applied this method to study of the responses of multiple taste cells within isolated taste buds, We show that membrane potential and [Ca2+](i) can be measured alternately in isolated taste buds from mouse, Stimulation with glutamate and glutamate analogs indicates that taste cells express both metabotropic and ionotropic receptors, The data suggest that the receptors responding to 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-AP4), presumably metabotropic L-glutamate receptors, do not mediate excitatory glutamate taste responses. C1 UNIV PENN, MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, DEPT PHYSIOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. KYOTO UNIV, FOOD SCI RES INST, UJI, KYOTO 611, JAPAN. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 001838, DC 00566] NR 38 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 71 IS 2 BP 1057 EP 1070 PG 14 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA VA410 UT WOS:A1996VA41000053 PM 8842242 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DMT AF Nguyen, DMT TI The role of physical medicine and rehabilitation in pain management SO CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; BIOFEEDBACK; EMG AB Physical medicine and rehabilitation frequently use the interdisciplinary team approach to the management of pain in the elderly because this would also address the psychosocial and functional deficits resulting from the pain symptom. The team prescribes a combination of pharmacologic agents, cognitive-behavioral therapies, physical modalities, occupational therapy, and physical therapy in the treatment plan. Management of patients with pain resulting from compression fracture and spinal stenosis is discussed also. RP Nguyen, DMT (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHYS MED & REHABIL W117,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0749-0690 J9 CLIN GERIATR MED JI Clin. Geriatr. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 12 IS 3 BP 517 EP & PG 14 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA UZ174 UT WOS:A1996UZ17400007 PM 8853943 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI Antimicrobial resistance issues of the future SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Alexander Project Symposium CY NOV 01-03, 1995 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS ID OTITIS-MEDIA; EFFICACY; MODEL AB Increasing antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens has the potential to reduce the efficacy of standard dosage regimens for many oral drugs. The goal of antimicrobial therapy is to maximize bactericidal activity. The duration of time that serum concentrations exceed the MIC is the pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodymamic parameter that determines efficacy for beta-lactams, macrolides, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Studies in animal models suggest that serum levels of beta-lactams need to exceed the MIC for about half of the dosing interval to obtain maximum antimicrobial efficacy. Studies in children with acute otitis media also demonstrate that serum concentrations need to exceed the MIC for 40% or more of the dosing interval to obtain bacteriologic cure in over 85% of patients. With the oral beta-lactams used against penicillin-resistant Streptotoccus pneumoniae, this goal is obtained only with amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate. For Haemophilus influenzae, several beta-lactams including cefixime, cefpodoxime, and amoxicillin/clavulanate provide serum levels with the longest durations above the MIC. Antimicrobial resistance has also stimulated the search for new potent antimicrobials, altered but effective dosing regimens, and resistance control measures, such as the prudent use, optimal infection control practices, and vaccines to reduce colonization and subsequent infection. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 21 TC 78 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 25 IS 4 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(96)00162-9 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VT364 UT WOS:A1996VT36400010 PM 8937847 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI Alexander Project Symposium, The Hague, Netherlands, November 1-3, 1995 - Closing summary SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Craig, WA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM HOSP,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 25 IS 4 BP 219 EP 219 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(96)90003-6 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VT364 UT WOS:A1996VT36400011 ER PT J AU Roodman, GD AF Roodman, GD TI Advances in bone biology: The osteoclast SO ENDOCRINE REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE-II; INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; GIANT-CELL TUMORS; ISOLATED RABBIT OSTEOCLASTS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, DIV HEMATOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, RES SERV 151, 7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-40035]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-13652]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM-35188] NR 232 TC 379 Z9 396 U1 1 U2 11 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-769X EI 1945-7189 J9 ENDOCR REV JI Endocr. Rev. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 17 IS 4 BP 308 EP 332 DI 10.1210/er.17.4.308 PG 25 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VB427 UT WOS:A1996VB42700002 PM 8854048 ER PT J AU Freytes, CO Vukelja, S Salzman, D Tsai, T Callander, N Gokmen, E Rodriguez, T Castro, J Boldt, D Roodman, GD Hilsenbeck, S Adkins, D Bachier, C Craig, F Clare, N Weisner, A LeMaistre, CF AF Freytes, CO Vukelja, S Salzman, D Tsai, T Callander, N Gokmen, E Rodriguez, T Castro, J Boldt, D Roodman, GD Hilsenbeck, S Adkins, D Bachier, C Craig, F Clare, N Weisner, A LeMaistre, CF TI Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for poor prognosis low grade lymphoma. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,AUDIE L MURPHY VET HOSP,BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. S TEXAS CANC INST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 24 IS 9 BP 629 EP 629 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VC092 UT WOS:A1996VC09200628 ER PT J AU Ball, TC Hirayama, F Ogawa, M AF Ball, TC Hirayama, F Ogawa, M TI Modulation of early B lymphopoiesis by interleukin-3 SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lymphohematopoietic progenitors; B lymphopoiesis; interleukin-3 ID BONE-MARROW CULTURES; STROMAL CELL-LINE; LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; PRECURSOR CELLS; LYMPHOCYTES-B; PRO-B; MOUSE; GROWTH; CLONES; DIFFERENTIATION AB We recently reported that interleukin-3 (IL-3) inhibits B lymphoid lineage expression in methylcellulose culture in a dose-dependent manner. We subsequently used flow cytometric analysis of individual colonies in timed exposure to IL-3 to define more precisely the negative regulatory role of IL-3 in early B lymphopoiesis. When lymphohematopoietic progenitors isolated from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice were cultured in the presence of Steel factor (SF), IL-11, IL-7, and erythropoietin (Epo), B lymphopoiesis appeared to proceed through three stages: lymphohematopoietic proliferation, commitment, and early B lymphoid proliferation. When IL-3 was added to the culture for a 48-hour interval from days 4 to 6 of culture, IL-3 slightly enhanced the formation of pre-B cell colonies. These data appeared to contradict our previous observations that continued exposure to IL-3 from days 0 to 4 or longer severely inhibits B lymphoid potential of the cultured cells. A more frequently timed kinetic observation revealed that in the presence of IL-3 the peak of lymphohematopoietic progenitors was 48 hours earlier but less than one-tenth the number of lymphohematopoietic progenitors in cultures without IL-3. When added to cultures for 48 hours beyond day 6 of culture, IL-3 abrogated the B cell potential of the cultured cells. However, IL-3 failed to negatively modulate B lymphoid progenitors when added on day 14 of culture or later. These observations indicate that IL-3 is a potent negative modulator of the early B lymphopoiesis. IL-3 appears to hasten but suppress the proliferation and commitment of lymphohematopoietic progenitors to B cell lineage. It may also inhibit the proliferation of the progenitors immediately after commitment to B cell lineage. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1225 EP 1231 PG 7 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VC742 UT WOS:A1996VC74200010 PM 8765498 ER PT J AU Yu, CE Oshima, J Hisama, FM Matthews, S Trask, BJ Schellenberg, GD AF Yu, CE Oshima, J Hisama, FM Matthews, S Trask, BJ Schellenberg, GD TI A YAC, P1, and cosmid contig and 17 new polymorphic markers for the Werner syndrome region at 8p12-p21 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; COLORECTAL-CARCINOMA; EXON AMPLIFICATION; HUMAN CHROMOSOME-8; BREAST-CARCINOMA; SYNDROME LOCUS; HUMAN GENOME; CELL-LINES; SHORT ARM; DNA AB A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC), P1, and cosmid clone contig was constructed for the Werner syndrome (WRN) region of chromosome 8p12-p21 and used to clone a candidate gene for WRN. This region also possibly contains a familial breast cancer locus. The contig was initiated by isolating YACs for the glutathione reductase (GSR) gene and extended in either direction by walking techniques. Sequence-tagged site (STS) markers were generated from subclones of 2 GSR YACs and used to identify P1 and cosmid clones. Additional STSs were generated from P1 and cosmid clones and from potential expressed sequences identified by cDNA selection and exon amplification methods. The final contig was assembled by typing 17 YACs, 20 P1 clones, and 109 cosmids for 54 STS markers. The WRN region could be spanned by 2 nonchimeric YACs covering approximately 1.4 Mb. A P1/cosmid contig was established covering the core 700-800 kb of the WRN region, Fifteen new short tandem repeat polymorphisms and 2 biallelic polymorphic markers were identified and included as STSs in the contig. Analysis of these markers in Werner syndrome subjects demonstrates that the candidate WRN gene is in a region of linkage disequilibrium. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE DIV,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MOLEC BIOTECHNOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT NEUROL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHARMACOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PATHOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. FU NIA NIH HHS [R37 AG08303, T32 AG00057, R01 AG12019] NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 3 BP 431 EP 440 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0382 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA VB758 UT WOS:A1996VB75800004 PM 8812476 ER PT J AU Pompei, P Clyman, BB AF Pompei, P Clyman, BB TI Osteoarthritis: What to look for, and when to treat it SO GERIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB In patients with suspected osteoarthritis, start with a thorough history aimed at finding the mechanical component of the condition. Ask about past and current activities that may be loading or stressing a painful joint. Conditions to consider in the differential diagnosis are those affecting soft tissues-muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bursae. Injecting the tender area with lidocaine will help identify a separate or coexisting soft tissue disorder. Before considering drug therapy, attempt to correct any mechanical factors that may be contributing to the problem. Modify the patient's exercise routine, if necessary, and begin patients on a walking aid if a weight-bearing joint is affected. C1 STANFORD HLTH SERV,SKILLED NURSING UNIT,STANFORD,CA. STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,STANFORD,CA 94305. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Pompei, P (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,CLIN PROGRAMS,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0016-867X J9 GERIATRICS JI Geriatrics PD AUG PY 1996 VL 51 IS 8 BP 36 EP & PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VC100 UT WOS:A1996VC10000014 ER PT J AU Tanaka, S Guth, PH Paulsen, G Kaunitz, JD AF Tanaka, S Guth, PH Paulsen, G Kaunitz, JD TI Gastroprotective effect of ranitidine bismuth citrate is associated with increased mucus bismuth concentration in rats SO GUT LA English DT Article DE stomach; intracellular pH; ranitidine bismuth citrate; gastric mucus; proton diffusion; mucosal blood flow ID GASTRIC-MUCOSAL LESIONS; INTRACELLULAR PH; BLOOD-FLOW; ALKALINE SECRETION; ACID-SECRETION; SURFACE CELLS; IN-VIVO; INDOMETHACIN; PROSTAGLANDIN; SUBCITRATE AB Background-Antisecretory and bismuth compounds protect the gastric mucosa from injury resulting from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Aim-To study the mechanism underlying the gastroprotective effects of ranitidine bismuth citrate (GG311) in rats. Methods-Indomethacin rat injury model and in vivo microscopy in which acid output, surface cell intracellular pH (pH(i)), gastric mucus gel thickness, and mucosal blood how were measured simultaneously. Results-In injury studies, GG311 dose dependently protected against severe injury induced by indomethacin (60 mg/kg subcutaneously). In in vivo microscopic studies, indomethacin significantly decreased mucus gel thickness and increased the initial rate of acidification of gastric surface cells when the superfusate pH was lowered from 7.4 to 1.0, and impaired pH(i) during acid exposure. Indomethacin had no effect on mucosal blood flow or acid output. GG311 alone had no effect on gel thickness, blood flow, or pH(i) homeostasis during acid exposure, but improved the initial acidification rate and pH(i) during superfusion with pH 1.0 solutions in the presence of indomethacin. In separate experiments, indomethacin pretreatment considerably increased gastric mucus bismuth concentrations in rats given GG311. Conclusions-The gastroprotective effect of GG311 against indomethacin induced gastric injury is associated with high and prolonged gastric mucus bismuth concentrations, which may impair proton permeation across the mucus gel. C1 VET ADM WADSWORTH MED CTR,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD AUG PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1136/gut.39.2.164 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA VD882 UT WOS:A1996VD88200005 PM 8977335 ER PT J AU Bush, RK AF Bush, RK TI Molecular biology of allergens SO IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID HOUSE-DUST MITE; BIRCH-POLLEN ALLERGEN; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; ARTEMISIIFOLIA SHORT RAGWEED; T-CELL RECOGNITION; RYE-GRASS POLLEN; DER-P-I; KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS POLLEN; VENOM PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); IGE-BINDING PROTEIN AB Molecular cloning has resulted in an ever-increasing number of purified allergens. Their functional and biologic characteristics can be determined and cross-reactivity predicted. Recombinant allergens can lead to improved diagnostic reagents. Studies of allergenic T- and B-cell epitopes may produce new therapeutic approaches to allergic diseases. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. RP Bush, RK (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT ALLERGY,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 128 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0889-8561 J9 IMMUNOL ALLERGY CLIN JI Immunol. Allerg. Clin. North Am. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 535 EP & DI 10.1016/S0889-8561(05)70260-5 PG 30 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA VC478 UT WOS:A1996VC47800004 ER PT J AU Bush, RK AF Bush, RK TI Molecular biology of allergy and immunology - Preface SO IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material RP Bush, RK (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0889-8561 J9 IMMUNOL ALLERGY CLIN JI Immunol. Allerg. Clin. North Am. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP R11 EP R12 DI 10.1016/S0889-8561(05)70257-5 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA VC478 UT WOS:A1996VC47800001 ER PT J AU Jones, L Arana, G AF Jones, L Arana, G TI Is downsizing affecting incident reports? SO JOINT COMMISSION JOURNAL ON QUALITY IMPROVEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MENTAL HLTH SERV,CHARLESTON,SC. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,COLL MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP Jones, L (reprint author), ORG LEARNING GRP,POB 463,MT PLEASANT,SC 29465, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 1070-3241 J9 JOINT COMM J QUAL IM JI Jt. Comm. J. Qual. Improv. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 22 IS 8 BP 592 EP 594 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA VF431 UT WOS:A1996VF43100015 PM 8877528 ER PT J AU Skare, JT Champion, CI Mirzabekov, TA Shang, ES Blanco, DR ErdjumentBromage, H Tempst, P Kagan, BL Miller, JN Lovett, MA AF Skare, JT Champion, CI Mirzabekov, TA Shang, ES Blanco, DR ErdjumentBromage, H Tempst, P Kagan, BL Miller, JN Lovett, MA TI Porin activity of the native and recombinant outer membrane protein Oms28 of Borrelia burgdorferi SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC NEUROLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS; LYME-DISEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; ERYTHEMA MIGRANS; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION AB The outer membrane-spanning (Oms) proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi have been visualized by freeze-fracture analysis but, until recently, not further characterized. We developed a method for the isolation of B. burgdorferi outer membrane vesicles and described porin activities with single-channel conductances of 0.6 and 12.6 nS in 1 M KCl. By using both nondenaturing isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis and fast-performance liquid chromatography separation after detergent solubilization, we found that the 0.6-nS porin activity resided in a 28-kDa protein, designated Onms28. The oms28 gene was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of Oms28 predicted a 257-amino-acid precursor protein with a putative 24-amino-acid leader peptidase I signal sequence. Processed Oms28 yielded a mature protein with a predicted molecular mass of 25,363 Da. When overproduced in Escherichia coli, the Oms28 porin fractionated in part to the outer membrane. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel-purified recombinant Oms28 from E. coli retained functional activity as demonstrated by arm average single-channel conductance of 1.1 nS in the planar lipid bilayer assay. These findings confirmed that Oms28 is a B. burgdorferi porin, the first to be described. As such, it is of potential relevance to the pathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis and to the physiology of the spirochete. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,PROGRAM MOL BIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10021. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-37312, AI-29733, AI-21352] NR 54 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 178 IS 16 BP 4909 EP 4918 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VB706 UT WOS:A1996VB70600021 PM 8759855 ER EF