GRASS GIS manual: r.topmodel

Note: A new GRASS GIS stable version has been released: GRASS GIS 7.8, available here.
Updated manual page: here

NAME

r.topmodel - Simulates TOPMODEL which is a physically based hydrologic model.

KEYWORDS

raster, hydrology, model

SYNOPSIS

r.topmodel

r.topmodel --help

r.topmodel [-p] parameters=name topidxstats=name input=name output=name [timestep=integer] [topidxclass=integer] [topidx=name] [ntopidxclasses=integer] [outtopidxstats=name] [--overwrite] [--help] [--verbose] [--quiet] [--ui]

Flags:

-p: Preprocess only and stop after generating outtopidxstats
--overwrite: Allow output files to overwrite existing files
--help: Print usage summary
--verbose: Verbose module output
--quiet: Quiet module output
--ui: Force launching GUI dialog

Parameters:

parameters=name [required]: Name of input TOPMODEL parameters file
topidxstats=name [required]: Name of input topographic index statistics file
input=name [required]: Name of input rainfall and potential evapotranspiration data file
output=name [required]: Name for output file
timestep=integer: Time step; Generate output for this time step
topidxclass=integer: Topographic index class; Generate output for this topographic index class
topidx=name: Name of input topographic index raster map; Must be clipped to the catchment boundary. Used for generating outtopidxstats
ntopidxclasses=integer: Number of topographic index classes; Used for generating outtopidxstats; Default: 30
outtopidxstats=name: Name for output topographic index statistics file; Requires topidx and ntopidxclasses

DESCRIPTION
- Parameters description
REFERENCES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

DESCRIPTION

r.topmodel simulates TOPMODEL which is a physically based hydrologic model.

Parameters description

parameters

This file contains TOPMODEL parameters that describe the study area. Any lines starting with a # sign or empty lines are ignored.

# Subcatchment name
Subcatchment 1

################################################################################
# A [m^2]: Total subcatchment area
3.31697E+07

################################################################################
# qs0 [m/h]: Initial subsurface flow per unit area
#		"The first streamflow input is assumed to represent
#		 only the subsurface flow contribution in the watershed."
#								- Liaw (1988)
0.000075

# lnTe [ln(m^2/h)]: Areal average of the soil surface transmissivity
4.

# m [m]: Parameter controlling the decline rate of transmissivity
# See Beven and Kirkby (1979)
0.0125

# Sr0 [m]: Initial root zone storage deficit
0.0025

# Srmax [m]: Maximum root zone storage deficit
0.041

# td [h]: Unsaturated zone time delay per unit storage deficit if greater than 0
#  OR
# -alpha: Effective vertical hydraulic gradient if not greater than 0.
#
# For example, -10 means alpha=10.
60.

# vch [m/h]: Main channel routing velocity
20000.

# vr [m/h]: Internal subcatchment routing velocity
10000.

################################################################################
# infex: Calculate infiltration excess if not zero (integer)
0

# K0 [m/h]: Surface hydraulic conductivity
2.

# psi [m]: Wetting front suction
0.1

# dtheta: Water content change across the wetting front
0.1

################################################################################
# d [m]: Distance from the catchment outlet
#		The first value should be the mainstream distance from
#		the subcatchment outlet to the catchment outlet.
# Ad_r:  Cumulative area ratio of subcatchment (0.0 to 1.0)
#		The first and last values should be 0 and 1, respectively.

#   d  Ad_r
    0   0.0
 1000   0.2
 2000   0.4
 3000   0.6
 4000   0.8
 5000   1.0

input

This file contains observed weather data.

# dt [h]: Time step
24

################################################################################
# R [m/dt]:  Rainfall
# Ep [m/dt]: Potential evapotranspiration

# R             Ep
0.000033        0.000000
0.000053        0.011938
0.004821        0.000000
.
.
.

timestep

If a time step is specified, output will be generated for the specific time step in addition to the summary and total flows at the outlet. This parameter can be combined with topidxclass to specify a time step and topographic index class at the same time. If no topidxclass is given, output will be generated for all the topographic index classes.

toptopidxclass

If a topographic index class is specified, output will be generated for the given topographic index class. This parameter can be combined with timestep. If no timestep is given, output will be generated for all the time steps.

topidx, ntoptopidxclasses, outtoptopidxstats

The topidx map can optionally be used for creating a new topographic index statistics file. This map has to be already clipped to the catchment boundary. The entire range of topographic index values will be divided into ntoptopidxclasses and the area ratio of each class will be reported in the outtoptopidxstats file. These three parameters can be omitted unless a new topidxstats file needs to be created.

REFERENCES

Beven, K. J., 1984. Infiltration into a class of vertically non-uniform soils. Hydrological Sciences Journal 29 (4), 425-434.
Beven, K. J., Kirkby, M. J., 1979. A physically based, variable contributing area model of basin hydrology. Hydrological Sciences Bulletin 24 (1), 43-69.
Beven K. J., R. Lamb, P. Quinn, R. Romanowicz, and J. Freer, 1995. TOPMODEL, in V.P. Singh (Ed.). Computer Models of Watershed Hydrology. Water Resources Publications.
Cho, H., 2000. GIS Hydrological Modeling System by Using Programming Interface of GRASS. Master's Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Korea.
Liaw, S. C., 1988. Streamflow Simulation Using a Physically Based Hydrologic Model in Humid Forested Watersheds. Dissertation, Colorado State University, CO. p163.
Morel-Seytoux, H. J., Khanji, J., 1974. Derivation of an equation of infiltration. Water Resources Research 10 (4), 795-800.

AUTHORS

Huidae Cho, Hydro Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, South Korea

Based on TMOD9502.FOR by Keith Beven.

Last changed: $Date$

SOURCE CODE

Available at: r.topmodel source code (history)