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NAME

r.futures.pga - Wrapper for r.futures.simulation to ensure backwards compatibility.
Simulates landuse change using FUTure Urban-Regional Environment Simulation (FUTURES).

KEYWORDS

raster, patch growing, urban, landscape, modeling

SYNOPSIS

r.futures.pga
r.futures.pga --help
r.futures.pga [-s] developed=name subregions=name [subregions_potential=name] predictors=name[,name,...] development_pressure=name n_dev_neighbourhood=integer development_pressure_approach=string gamma=float scaling_factor=float output=name [output_series=basename] devpot_params=name demand=name [separator=character] patch_sizes=name num_neighbors=integer discount_factor=float seed_search=string compactness_mean=float compactness_range=float [num_steps=integer] [potential_weight=name] [incentive_power=float] [random_seed=integer] [memory=float] [--overwrite] [--help] [--verbose] [--quiet] [--ui]

Flags:

-s
Generate random seed (result is non-deterministic)
Automatically generates random seed for random number generator (use when you don't want to provide the seed option)
--overwrite
Allow output files to overwrite existing files
--help
Print usage summary
--verbose
Verbose module output
--quiet
Quiet module output
--ui
Force launching GUI dialog

Parameters:

developed=name [required]
Raster map of developed areas (=1), undeveloped (=0) and excluded (no data)
subregions=name [required]
Raster map of subregions
subregions_potential=name
Raster map of subregions used with potential file
If not specified, the raster specified in subregions parameter is used
predictors=name[,name,...] [required]
Names of predictor variable raster maps
Listed in the same order as in the development potential table
development_pressure=name [required]
Raster map of development pressure
n_dev_neighbourhood=integer [required]
Size of square used to recalculate development pressure
development_pressure_approach=string [required]
Approaches to derive development pressure
Options: occurrence, gravity, kernel
Default: gravity
gamma=float [required]
Influence of distance between neighboring cells
scaling_factor=float [required]
Scaling factor of development pressure
output=name [required]
State of the development at the end of simulation
output_series=basename
Basename for raster maps of development generated after each step
Name for output basename raster map(s)
devpot_params=name [required]
CSV file with development potential parameters for each region
Each line should contain region ID followed by parameters (intercepts, development pressure, other predictors). First line is ignored, so it can be used for header
demand=name [required]
CSV file with number of cells to convert for each step and subregion
separator=character
Field separator
Separator used in input CSV files
Default: comma
patch_sizes=name [required]
File containing list of patch sizes to use
num_neighbors=integer [required]
The number of neighbors to be used for patch generation (4 or 8)
Options: 4, 8
Default: 4
discount_factor=float [required]
Discount factor of patch size
seed_search=string [required]
The way location of a seed is determined (1: uniform distribution 2: development probability)
Options: random, probability
Default: probability
compactness_mean=float [required]
Mean value of patch compactness to control patch shapes
compactness_range=float [required]
Range of patch compactness to control patch shapes
num_steps=integer
Number of steps to be simulated
potential_weight=name
Raster map of weights altering development potential
Values need to be between -1 and 1, where negative locally reducesprobability and positive increases probability.
incentive_power=float
Exponent to transform probability values p to p^x to simulate infill vs. sprawl
Values > 1 encourage infill, < 1 urban sprawl
Options: 0-10
Default: 1
random_seed=integer
Seed for random number generator
The same seed can be used to obtain same results or random seed can be generated by other means.
memory=float
Memory in GB

Table of contents

DESCRIPTION

Module r.futures.pga was renamed to r.futures.simulation. This module is only a wrapper for r.futures.simulation to keep backwards compatibility.

REFERENCES

SEE ALSO

FUTURES, r.futures.simulation, r.futures.parallelpga, r.futures.devpressure, r.futures.potential, r.futures.potsurface, r.futures.demand, r.futures.calib, r.futures.gridvalidation, r.futures.validation, r.sample.category

AUTHORS

Corresponding author:
Anna Petrasova, akratoc ncsu edu, Center for Geospatial Analytics, NCSU

Original standalone version:
Ross K. Meentemeyer,
Wenwu Tang,
Monica A. Dorning,
John B. Vogler,
Nik J. Cunniffe,
Douglas A. Shoemaker
(Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, UNC Charlotte)
Jennifer A. Koch (Center for Geospatial Analytics, NCSU)

Port to GRASS and GRASS-specific additions:
Vaclav Petras, NCSU GeoForAll

Development pressure, demand, calibration, validation, preprocessing tools and maintenance:
Anna Petrasova, NCSU GeoForAll

Climate forcing submodel:
Anna Petrasova, NCSU GeoForAll
Georgina Sanchez, Center for Geospatial Analytics, NCSU

Zoning:
Margaret Lawrimore, Center for Geospatial Analytics, NCSU
Anna Petrasova, NCSU GeoForAll

SOURCE CODE

Available at: r.futures.pga source code (history)

Latest change: Friday Apr 17 16:26:46 2026 in commit: bc11ef4ff4ec4adc9e7936158549a9868d09a1d9


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